FEATURES High efficiency: 95.3% @11.8V/42A Size: 58.4 x 36.8 x 12.7mm (2.30”x1.45”x0.50”) PMBus Rev.1.2 compliance Industry standard, DOSA compliant pin out Can be connected in parallel directly Parallel and Droop current sharing Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, Output OCP & OVP, OTP Monotonic startup into normal and Pre-biased loads 2250V Isolation and basic insulation No minimum load required ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS 9000, OHSAS 18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950-1 (US & Canada) to be recognized Delphi Series Q48SG Quarter Brick Family Full Digital Control DC/DC Power Modules: 48V In, 11.8V/42A Out The Delphi Series Q48SG, 38~75V input, isolated single output, Quarter Brick, are full digital control DC/DC converters, and are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing ― Delta Electronics, Inc. The Q48SG series provide up to 500 watts of power in an industry standard, DOSA compliant footprint and pin out; the typical efficiency is 95.3% at 48V input, 11.8V output and 42A load. There is a built-in digital PWM controller in the Q48SG series, which is used to complete the Vo feedback, PWM signal generation, droop current sharing, fault protection, and PWBUS communications, and so on. With the digital control, many design and application flexibility, advanced performance, and reliability are obtained; and the Q48SG series can be connected in parallel directly for higher power without add external oring-fet. Datasheet DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 OPTIONS Digital PMBus interface Parallel and Droop Current sharing Trim Positive On/Off logic Short pin lengths available APPLICATIONS Telecom / DataCom Wireless Networks Optical Network Equipment Server and Data Storage Industrial/Test Equipment TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS Q48SG12042 (Standard) Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms) On/off Pin Voltage Other Pin Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Input/Output Isolation Voltage INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Current(I2t) Start up Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Voltage Ripple Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS The module without droop current sharing option code Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range The module with droop current sharing option code Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Both With and without droop current sharing option code Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output Voltage Trim Range DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Current Transient Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Setting Time (within 1% Vout nominal) Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY 100% Load 60% Load ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Input to Output Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Current sharing accuracy Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control Logic Low Logic High ON/OFF Current (for both remote on/off logic) ON/OFF Current (for both remote on/off logic) Leakage Current (for both remote on/off logic) Output Voltage Trim Range Output Over-Voltage Protection Typ. Vdc Vdc V -50 -0.3 3.6 V -40 -55 85 125 2250 °C °C Vdc 38 75 Vdc 35.5 33.5 3 14 110 23 1 22.5 0.48 Vdc Vdc Vdc A mA mA A2s A A mA dB 32.5 30.5 1 Vin=38V, 100% Load, With 100uF external input capacitor Peak, Vin=36V, 100% Load, With 5000uF Co RMS, With 100uF input cap. P-P thru 12µH inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz 120 Hz Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Tc=25°C Units 80 100 50 100ms Trim/Current Sharing, C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock, Addr1, Addr0 Max. 34 32 2 13.75 75 18 15 0.32 10 50 11.75 11.8 11.85 Vdc Io=Io,min to Io,max Vin=38V to 75V Tc=-40°C to 125°C over sample load, and temperature, from 38~75V Vin 60 50 11.6 20 20 ±120 11.8 12.0 mV mV mV V Vin=48V, Io=0A, Tc=25°C 12.25 12.3 12.35 Vdc 600 50 11.5 500 20 ±120 12.3 12.5 mV mV mV V mV mV A % Io=Io,min to Io,max Vin=38V to 75V Tc=-40°C to 125°C over sample load, and temperature, from 38~75V Vin 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum Full input voltage range Output Voltage 10% Low 0 110 250 100 42 150 Vin=48V -20 10 % 200 200 400 400 300 mV mV µs 100 110 120 130 16000 ms ms µF 150 60 48V, 10µF Tan & 1µF Ceramic load cap, 0.1A/µs 50% Io.max to 75% Io.max 75% Io.max to 50% Io.max 220 Vin=48V Vin=48V 94.5 95.5 95.3 96.3 % % 2250 Vdc MΩ pF 10 % kHz 0.8 50 0.5 V V mA µA µA % V 10 1500 130 Von/off Von/off Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V Ion/off at Von/off=2.4V Logic High, Von/off=15V Vin=48V, Pout ≦ max rated power Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout -0.7 2.4 10 -20 14 50 10 17 2 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS Q48SG12042 (Standard) Min. PMBus Signal Interface Characteristics Logic Input Low (VIL) Logic Input High (VIH) Logic Onput Low (VOL) Logic Onput High (VOH) PMBus Operating Frequency Range PMBus Monitoring CHARACTERISTICS Output Current Reading Accuracy C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin; IOL=6mA C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin; IOH=-6mA Io=50% ~ 100% of Io, max; Io=5% ~ 50% of Io, max; Output Voltage Reading Accuracy Input Voltage Reading Accuracy Temperature Reading Accuracy GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight Io=80% of Io, max; 300LFM; Ta=25°C Over-Temperature Shutdown (With heat spreader) Over-Temperature Shutdown (With 0.5” heat sink) Refer to Figure 22 for Hot spot 2 location (48Vin,80% Io, 200LFM,Airflow from Vin+ to Vin-) Refer to Figure 24 for Hot spot 3 location (48Vin,80% Io, 200LFM,Airflow from Vin+ to Vin-) Over-Temperature Shutdown ( NTC resistor ) Note: Please attach thermocouple on NTC resistor to test OTP function, the hot spots’ temperature is just for reference. Typ. 0 2.1 Max. Units 0.8 3.3 0.4 2.6 100 400 V V V V KHz -5 -2 -2 -4 -5 +5 +2 +2 +4 +5 % A % % ℃ 2.8 66.5 M hours grams 115 °C 112 °C 125 °C PIN DEFINATION Pin# Name Function Pin# Name Function Secondary on/off control pin; The default configuration is set to ignore this input. And such pin can be 1 VIN(+) 7 C2 reconfigured by the PMBus Interface. 2 ON/OFF Primary on/off control pin 8 Sig_Gnd Signal ground 3 VIN(-) 9 Data PMBus data line 4 VOUT(-) 10 SMBAlert PMBus SMBAlert line 5 Trim 11 Clock PMBus clock line 6 VOUT(+) 12 Addr1 ADDR1 pin sets the high order digit of the address. 13 Addr0 ADDR0 pin sets the low order digit of the address. Trim pin SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION CIRCUIT Delta DC/DC Module Fuse Input Source EMI filter Reverse polarity Protection Addr0 Addr1 Vin(+) Vout(+) On/off Trim Vin(-) Vout(-) Load SMB CLOCK DATA -ALERT C2 On/off control CLK DATA ALERT CTRL System MCU 3 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C 16 Input Current (A) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 74 Input Voltage (V) Figure 3: Typical full load input characteristics at room temperature Figure 4: Output voltage regulation vs load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points for nominal input voltage at room temperature 4 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES For Negative Remote On/Off Logic Figure 5: Turn-on transient at zero load current (10ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input, 2V/div Figure 6: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (constant current load) (10 ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input, 2V/div For Input Voltage Start up Figure 7: Turn-on transient at zero load current (10 ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div, Bottom Trace: input voltage, 30V/div Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (constant current load) (10 ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom Trace: input voltage, 30V/div 5 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 9: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (75%-50% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs, Vin=48V). Load cap: 10µF, tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div, 200us/div); Bottom Trace: Io (15A/div, 200us/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.. is Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs, Vin=48V). Load cap: 10µF, tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div, 200us/div); Bottom Trace: Io (15A/div, 200us/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.. ic Vin+ + + Vin- Cs: 220uF 100uF, ESR=0.2 ohm @ 25oC 100KHz Figure 11: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple Current. Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 μH. Capacitor Cs offset possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown below Figure 12: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 12µH source impedance and 100µF electrolytic capacitor (100 mA/div, 2us/div). 6 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Copper Stri p Vo(+) 10u 1u SCOPE RESISTIVE LOAD Vo(-) Figure 13: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 12µH source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div, 5us/div). Figure 14: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test setup Figure 15: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div, 2us/div) Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module. 7 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Input Source Impedance The impedance of the input source connecting to the DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source is recommended. If the source inductance is more than a few μH, we advise adding a 100 to 200 μF electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 Ω at 100 kHz) mounted close to the input of the module to improve the stability. For parallel application Cin is 100uF low ESR Aluminum cap x3pcs in parallel; CX1 is 2.2uF ceramic cap×2pcs in parallel; CX2 is 2.2uF ceramic cap; CY1 is 47nF ceramic cap x 2pcs in parallel; CY2 is 47nF ceramic cap x 2pcs in parallel; CY is 3.3nF ceramic cap; L1 and L2 are common-mode inductors, L1=L2=0.33mH; Test Result: Vin=48V, Io=82A Layout and EMC Considerations Delta’s DC/DC power modules are designed to operate in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB layout issues, please contact Delta’s technical support team. An external input filter module is available for easier EMC compliance design. Below is the reference design for an input filter tested with Q48SG120XXXXXX to meet class B in CISSPR 22. dBμV 80.0 Limits 55022MQP 55022MAV 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 Transducer 8130 Traces PK+ AV 30.0 Schematic and Components List 20.0 10.0 0.0 150 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 30 MHz The blue line is quasi peak mode and the green one is average mode. For Single Module Application Cin is 100uF*2pcs low ESR Aluminum cap; CX1 is 2.2uF ceramic cap×2pcs in parallel; CX2 is 2.2uF ceramic cap; CY1 and CY2 are 47nF ceramic cap; CY is 3.3nF ceramic cap; L1 and L2 are common-mode inductors, L1=L2=0.47mH; Test Result: Vin=48V, Io=42A dBμV 80.0 Limits 55022MQP 55022MAV 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 Transducer 8130 Traces PK+ AV 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 150 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 30 MHz 8 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 Safety Considerations The power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-user’s safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950-1, CSA C22.2 NO. 60950-1 2nd, IEC 60950-1 2nd : 2005, EN 60950-1 2nd: 2006+A11+A1: 2010, if the system in which the power module is to be used must meet safety agency requirements. Basic insulation based on 75 Vdc input is provided between the input and output of the module for the purpose of applying insulation requirements when the input to this DC-to-DC converter is identified as TNV-2 or SELV. An additional evaluation is needed if the source is other than TNV-2 or SELV. When the input source is SELV circuit, the power module meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If the input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the module’s output to meet SELV requirements, all of the following must be met: The input source must be insulated from the ac mains by reinforced or double insulation. The input terminals of the module are not operator accessible. A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system where the module is used, in combination with the module, to ensure that under a single fault, hazardous voltage does not appear at the module’s output. When installed into a Class II equipment (without grounding), spacing consideration should be given to the end-use installation, as the spacing between the module and mounting surface have not been evaluated. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. This power module is not internally fused. To achieve optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a Fast-acting fuse with 30A maximum rating to be installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy and maximum input current. Soldering and Cleaning Considerations Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly process before the board or system undergoes electrical testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the reliability of a power module and severely affect the finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures, please contact Delta’s technical support team. 9 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS Over-Current Protection The modules include an internal output over-current protection circuit. If the output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules will shut down, and enter hiccup mode or latch mode. For hiccup mode, the module will try to restart after shutdown. If the overload condition still exists, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the overload condition is corrected. For latch mode, the module will shut down and not attempt to restart. The latch is reset by either cycling the input power or by toggling the primary on/off signal for one second. The OCP threshold and protection mode can be reconfigured by the PMBus Interface; the default configuration is hiccup mode. The primary remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open drain. If the remote on/off feature is not used, for negative logic, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-); For positive logic, please leave the on/off pin floating. The module will not response to the remote on/off signal which is less than 120us. The primary remote on/off logic can be reconfigured by the PMBus Interface. R ON/OFF Vi(-) Over-Voltage Protection The modules include an internal output over-voltage protection circuit. If output voltage exceeds the over-voltage set point, the module will shut down, and enter in hiccup mode or latch mode. For hiccup mode, the module will try to restart after shutdown. If the output overvoltage condition still exists, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the over-voltage condition is corrected. For latch mode, the module will shut down and not attempt to restart. The latch is reset by either cycling the input power or by toggling the primary on/off signal for one second. The Vo OVP threshold and protection mode can be reconfigured by the PMBus Interface; The default configuration is hiccup mode. Vo(+) Vi(+) Load Vo(-) Figure 17: Remote on/off implementation Secondary Remote On/Off Reference to the Vo(-) terminal, there is a C2 pin. The default configuration is set to ignore this input. And such pin can be reconfigured as secondary remote on/off pin by the PMBus interface including either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a logic low. The secondary remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vo(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open drain. Over-Temperature Protection Parallel and Droop Current Sharing The modules include an internal over-temperature protection circuit. If the module temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down, and enter in auto-recovery mode or latch mode. For auto-recovery mode, the module will monitor the module temperature after shutdown. Once the temperature is dropped and within the specification, the module will be auto-recovery. For latch mode, the module will shut down and not attempt to restart. The latch is reset by either cycling the input power or by toggling the primary on/off signal for one second. The OTP threshold and protection mode can be reconfigured by the PMBus Interface; The default configuration is hiccup mode. Primary Remote On/Off The primary remote on/off feature on the module can be either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a logic low. The modules are capable of operating in parallel, and realizing current sharing by droop current sharing method. There is about 500mV output voltage droop from 0A to full output Load, and there is no current sharing pin. By connectting the Vin pin and the Vo pin of the parallel module together, the current sharing can be realized automatically. Vin+ On/off Vin Vo+ Module I Vin- Vo- Vin+ Vo+ On/off Vin- Load Module II Vo- Figure 18: Parallel and droop current sharing configuration for no redundancy requirement system 10 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) If system has no redundancy requirement, the module can be parallel directly for higher power without adding external oring-fet; whereas, If the redundancy function is required, the external oring-fet should be added. For a normal parallel operation the following precautions must be observed: 1. The current sharing accuracy equation is: X% = | Io – ( Itotal / N ) | / Irated, Where, Io is the output current of per module; Itotal is the total load current; N is parallel module numbers; Irated is the rated full load current of per module. 2. To ensure a better steady current sharing accuracy, below design guideline should be followed: a) The inputs of the converters must be connected to the same voltage source; and the PCB trace resistance from Input voltage source to Vin+ and Vin- of each converter should be equalized as much as possible. b) The PCB trace resistance from each converter’s output to the load should be equalized as much as possible. c) For accurate current sharing accuracy test, the module should be soldered in order to avoid the unbalance of the touch resistance between the modules to the test board. 3. To ensure the parallel module can start up monotonically without trigging the OCP circuit, below design guideline should be followed: a) Before all the parallel module finished start up, the total load current should be lower than the rated current of 1 module. b) The ON/OFF pin of the converters should be connected together to keep the parallel modules start up at the same time. c) The under voltage lockout point will slightly vary from unit to unit. The dv/dt of the rising edge of the input source voltage must be greater than 1V/ms to ensure that the parallel module start up at the same time. PMBus Communication The module has a digital PMBus interface to allow the module to be monitored, controlled and configured by the system. The module supports 4 PMBus signal lines, Data, Clock, SMBALERT (optional), Control (C2 pin, optional), and 2 Address line Addr0 and Addr1. More detail PMBus information can be found in the PMB Power Management Protocol Specification, Part I and part II, revision 1.2; which is shown in http://pmbus.org . Both 100kHz and 400kHz bus speeds are supported by the module. Connection for the PMBus interface should be following the High Power DC specifications given in section 3.1.3 in the SMBus specification V2.0 or the Low Power DC specifications in section 3.1.2. The complete SMBus specification is shown in http://smbus.org. The module supports the Packet Error Checking (PEC) protocol. It can check the PEC byte provided by the PMBus master, and include a PEC byte in all message responses to the master. SMBALERT protocol is also supported by the module. SMBALERT line is also a wired-AND signal; by which the module can alert the PMBUS master via pulling the SMBALERT pin to an active low. There are two ways that the master and the module response to the alert of SMBALERT line. One way is for the module used in a system that does not support Alert Response Address (ARA). The module is to retain it’s resistor programmed address, when it is in an ALERT active condition. The master will communicate with the slave module using the programmed address, and using the various READ_STATUS commands to find who cause for the SMBALERT. The CLEAR_FAULTS command will clear the SMBALERT. The other way is for the module used in a system that does support Alert Response Address (ARA). In this case, the master simultaneously accesses all SMBALERT devices through the ARA. Only the device which pulled SMBALERT low will acknowledge the ARA. The master is expected to perform the modified received byte operation to get the address of the alert slave, and retire the SMBALERT active signal. And then, the alter slave will return to it’s resistor programmed address, allowing normal master-slave communications to proceed. If more than one slave pulls SMBALERT line low, the lowest address slave will win communication rights via standard arbitration during the slave address transfer. After acknowledging the ARA, the lowest address slave must disengage its SMBALERT pull down. If the master still sees SMBALERT line low, it knows to send another ARA and ask again “Now, who is holding the alert down”. The second slave is now locked-up and can’t responsive. But the solution is easy; the master should now initiate a “dummy command”, for example read command on the bus and read any parameter from any slave. After this, the second slave (the one that lost arbitration in the first run) will be released. Now, if master sends the second ARA, the second slave will provide its address to the Master. The module contains a data flash used to store configuration settings, which will not be programmed into the device data flash automatically. The STORE_DEFAULT_ALL command must be used to commit the current settings are transfer from RAM to data flash as device defaults. PMBUS Addressing The Module has flexible PMBUS addressing capability. When connect different resistor from Addr0 and Addr1 pin to GND pin, 64 possible addresses can be acquired. The address is in the form of octal digits; Each pin offer one octal digit, and then combine together to form the decimal address as shown in below. Address = 8 * ADDR1 + ADDR0 11 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Corresponded to each octal digit, the requested resistor values are shown in below, and +/-5% resistors accuracy can be accepted. If there is any resistances exceeding the requested range, address 127 will be return. 0-12 and 40, 44, 45, and 55 in decimal address can’t be used, since they are reserved according to the SMBus specifications, and which will also return address 127. The equation can be written as: -12 Vout = Mantissa x 2 For example, considering set Vout to 12V by VOUT_COMMAND, the read/write data can be calculated refer to below process: -12 -12 1. Mantissa =Vout/2 = 12/2 =49152; 2. Converter the calculated Mantissa to hexadecimal 0xC000. For commands that set or report all other thresholds, including input voltages, output current, temperature, time and frequency, the supported linear data format is a two byte value with: an 11 bit, two’s complement mantissa , and a 5 bit, two’s complement exponent (scaling factor).The format of the two data bytes is shown as in below. The equation can be written as: exponent Value = Mantissa x 2 For example, considering set the turn on threshold of input under voltage lockout to 34V by VIN_ON command; the read/write data can be calculated refer to below process: 1. Get the exponent of Vin, -3; whose binary is 11101 -3 -3 2. Mantissa =Vin/2 =34/2 =272; 3. Converter the calculated Mantissa to hexadecimal 110, then converter to binary 00100010000; 4. Combine the exponent and the mantissa, 11101 and 00100010000; 5. Converter binary 1110100100010000 to hexadecimal E910. PMBus Data Format The module receives and report date in LINEAR format. The Exponent of the data words is fixed at a reasonable value for the command; altering the exponent is not supported. DIRECT format is not supported by the module. For commands that set or report any voltage thresholds related to the output voltage, the module supports the linear data format consisting of a two byte value with a 16-bit, unsigned mantissa, and a fixed exponent of -12. The format of the two data bytes is shown below: The detail exponent and resolution of main parameter is summarized as below: Exponent Resolution Vin -3 0.125V Vo -12 0.244mV Io -4 62.5mA Temperature -2 / Switching requency -2 0.25Khz Time -1 0.5ms Supported PMBus Commands The main PMBus commands described in the PMBus 1.2 specification are supported by the module. Partial PMBus commands are fully supported; Partial PMBus commands have difference with the definition in PMBus 1.2 specification. All the supported PMBus commands are detail summarized in below table. 12 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Compatible with Comman Transf Command Command description d Code Data standard -er type Range Data Expon Default value Format Note limit units -ent / / / / / / / / / / / / PMBUS or not? Refer to OPERATION Turn the module on or off by R/W PMBUS command byte 0x01 below Bit field 0x80 description; 0x1D Configures the combination of Refer to R/W ON_OFF_CONFIG 0x02 primary on/off pin and PMBUS (Neg Logic); below Bit field byte command 0x1F description; (Pos Logic); CLEAR_FAULTS Clear any fault bits that have Send been set byte Stores operating parameters Send from RAM to data flash byte 0x03 Yes / / This command is effective to the STORE_DEFAULT_ALL 0x11 Yes / / / / / parameter of all command in the table. Restores operating parameters RESTORE_DEFAULT_ALL Send 0x12 This command can't be issued Yes from data flash to RAM 0x20 To read Vo data format / / mode+ Yes Set the output voltage 0x14 / / / / Volts -12 / KHz -2 / exp R/W 0x21 / when the power unit is running. byte VOUT_COMMAND / byte Read VOUT_MODE / Vout Yes word 9.6 11.8 Linear ~13.2 Freque R/W FREQUENCY_SWITCH 0x33 Set the switching frequency 120 Yes ncy 130 word ~140 Linear VIN_ON should be higher than VIN_ON Set the turn on voltage threshold R/W of Vin under voltage lockout word 0x35 Vin Yes 34 32~46 V -3 VIN_OFF, and keep 2V Linear hystersis. VIN_ON should be higher than VIN_OFF Set the turn off voltage threshold R/W of Vin under voltage lockout word 0x36 Vin Yes 32 32~46 V -3 VIN_OFF, and keep 2V Linear hystersis. Must be higher than the value of VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT Set the output overvoltage fault R/W threshold. word 0x40 Vout Yes 15 11~16 V -12 VOUT_COMMAND and Linear VOUT_OV_WARN_LIMIT; 13 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 Compatible with Comman Transf Command Command description d Code Data standard -er type Range Data Expon Default value Format Note limit units -ent 0xB8 / N/A / 15 11~16 V -12 PMBUS or not? Instructs what action to take in VOUT_OV_FAULT_RESP Refer to R/W 0x41 response to an output ONSE below overvoltage fault. Set a threshold causing an VOUT_OV_WARN_LIMIT IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT R/W Vout Yes output voltage high warning. word Set the output overcurrent fault R/W 0x46 VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT value Iout word Instructs what action to take in Must be less than Linear Yes IOUT_OC_FAULT_RESPO Must be greater than 54 20~60 A -4 Linear IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT value Refer to R/W 0x47 response to an output NSE below Bit field 0xF8 / N/A / 45 10~45 A -4 / byte overcurrent fault. Set a threshold causing an OT_FAULT_LIMIT / description; 0x42 threshold. IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT Bit field byte description; R/W 0x4A Iout Yes output current high warning. word Set the over temperature fault R/W 0x4F Linear word Instructs what action to take in IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT value TEMP Yes threshold. Must be less than Deg. 125 25~140 Linear Must be greater than -2 C OT_WARN_LIMIT value Refer to R/W OT_FAULT_RESPONSE 0x50 response to an over temperature below Bit field 0xB8 / 115 25~125 N/A / / byte fault. Set a threshold causing a OT_WARN_LIMIT VIN_OV_FAULT_LIMIT description; R/W 0x51 TEMP Yes temperature high warning. word Set the input overvoltage fault R/W 0x55 Linear Must be less than -2 C OT_FAULT_LIMIT value Vin Yes threshold. Deg. 110 word Linear R/W Vout 48~110 V -3 Sets the output voltage at which POWER_GOOD_ON 0x5E Must be greater than the bit 3 of STATUS_WORD Yes word 8.1 11 Linear V -12 1.6V Sets the output voltage at which Must be less than R/W 0x5F POWER_GOOD_OFF value by ~13.2 high byte should be asserted. POWER_GOOD_OFF / the bit 3 of STATUS_WORD Vout Yes word 8.1 9 Linear V -12 POWER_GOOD_ON value by ~13.2 high byte should be negated. 1.6V Sets the time from a start R/W TON_DELAY 0x60 condition is received until the Time Yes word 7 5~500 ms -1 / Linear output voltage starts to rise 14 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 Compatible with Comman Transf Command Command description d Code Data standard -er type Range Data Expon Default value Format Note limit units -ent 28 15~500 ms -1 / Bit field / / / / / Bit field / / / / / Bit field / / / / / Bit field / / / / / Bit field / / / / / Bit field / / / / / / / Volts / / / / Volts / / / / Amps / / / / / / / / PMBUS or not? Sets the time from the output R/W TON_RISE 0x61 starts to rise until the voltage has Time Yes word Linear entered the regulation band. Returns the information with a Refer to Read STATUS_WORD 0x79 summary of the module's below word fault/warning description; Returns the information of the Refer to Read STATUS_VOUT 0x7A module's output voltage related below byte fault/warning description; Returns the information of the Refer to Read STATUS_IOUT 0x7B module's output current related below byte fault/warning description; Returns the information of the Refer to Read STATUS_INPUT 0x7C module's input over voltage and below byte under voltage fault description; Returns the information of the Refer to Read STATUS_TEMPERATURE 0x7D module's temperature related below byte fault/warning description; Returns the information of the Refer to Read STATUS_CML 0x7E module's communication related below byte faults. Returns the input voltage of the READ_VIN READ_VOUT READ_IOUT READ_TEMPERATURE_1 description; Read 0x88 Vin Yes module word Returns the output voltage of the Read 0x8B Linear Vout Yes module word Returns the output current of the Read 0x8C Linear Iout Yes module word Returns the module's hot spot Read 0x8D Linear TEMP Yes temperature of the module word Deg. Linear C Read PMBUS_REVISION 0x98 Reads the revision of the PMBus Yes Bit field 1.2 / / byte 15 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 Compatible with Comman Transf Command Command description d Code Data standard -er type Range Data Expon Default value Format Note limit units -ent / / / PMBUS or not? Configures the C2 pin Refer to R/W MFR_ C2_Configure 0xE1 (secondary on/off pin) function below Bit field 0x00 / byte and logic; description; 16 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) OPERATION [0x01] Bit number 7: 6:0 Purpose Enable/Disable the module Bit Value Meaning 1 Output is enabled 0 Output is disabled Default Settings， 0x80 1 Reserved 0000000 ON_OFF_CONFIG [0x02] Bit number 7:5 4 Purpose Bit Value Meaning Reserved Default Settings， 0x1D (negative) /0x1F (positive) 000 Controls how the unit responds to 1 the primary on/off pin and the OPERATION command; Module does not power up until commanded by 1 the primary ON/OFF pin and the OPERATION 0 Module power up at any time regardless of the state of the primary ON/OFF pin and the OPERATION 3 2 Controls how the unit responds to 1 Module responds to the 7 bit in the OPERATION the OPERATION command 0 Module ignores the 7 bit in the OPERATION Controls how the unit 1 Module requires the primary ON/OFF pin to be responds to the primary on/off pin 1 1 asserted to start the unit 0 Module ignores the state of the primary ON/OFF pin 1 0 Control logic of primay on/off pin Unit turn off delay time control 1 Positive Logic 0, negative; 0 Negative Logic 1, positive. 1 Shut down the module with 0 delay cycle 1 VOUT_OV_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x41] Bit number 7:6 Purpose Response settings Bit Value Meaning Default Settings， 0xB8 10 Unit shuts down and responds according to the 10 retry settings 5:3 Retry setting 111 Unit continuously restarts while fault is present 111 until commanded off 2:0 Delay time setting 000 Unit does not attempt to restart on fault 000 No delay supported 000 IOUT_OC_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x47] Bit number 7:6 Purpose Response settings Bit Value 11 Meaning Unit shuts down and responds according to the Default Settings， 0xF8 11, retry settings 5:3 Retry settings 111 Unit continuously restarts while fault is present 111 until commanded off 2:0 Delay time setting 000 Unit does not attempt to restart on fault 000 No delay supported 000 17 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) OT_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x50] Bit number 7:6 Purpose Bit Value Response settings 10 Default Settings， Meaning 0xB8 Unit shuts down and responds according to the 10, retry settings 5:3 Retry settings 111 Unit continuously restarts while fault is present 111 until commanded off 2:0 Delay time setting 000 Unit does not attempt to restart on fault 000 No delay supported 000 STATUS_WORD [0x79] High byte Bit number 7 6 5 Purpose An output over voltage fault or warning An output over current fault or warning An input voltage fault, including over voltage and undervoltage 4 Reserved 3 Power_Good 2:0 Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 is negated 0 ok Reserved Low byte Bit number Purpose 7 Reserved 6 OFF (The unit is not providing power to the output, regardless of the reason) 5 4 3 2 1 0 An output over voltage fault An output over current fault An input under voltage fault A temperature fault or warning CML (A communications, memory or logic fault） Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved 18 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) STATUS_VOUT [0x7A] Bit number 7 6 5:0 Purpose Output over voltage fault Output over voltage warning Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved STATUS_IOUT [0x7B] Bit number 7 Purpose Output over current fault 6 Reserved 5 Output over current warning 4:0 Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved STATUS_INPUT [0x7C] Bit number 7 6: 5 4 3:0 Purpose Input over voltage fault Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved Input under voltage fault Reserved STATUS_TEMPERATURE [0x7D] Bit number 7 6 5:0 Purpose Over temperature fault Over temperature warning Bit Value Meaning 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved 19 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) STATUS_CML [0x7E] Bit number 7 6 5 4:0 Purpose Bit Value Invalid/Unsupported Command Received Invalid/Unsupported Data Received Packet Error Check Failed Meaning 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred 1 Occurred； 0 No Occurred Reserved MFR_ C2_Configure [0xE1] Bit Purpose Bit Value Meaning number 7:2 1 0 Default Settings， 0x00 Reserved 000000 Secondary ON/OFF 1 AND – Primary and Secondary side on/off Configuration 0 C2 is ignored Secondary side on/off 1 Positive Logic Logic 0 Negative Logic 0 0 20 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM) Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. To increase or decrease the output voltage set point, connect an external resistor between the TRIM pin and either the Vo(+) or Vo(-). The TRIM pin should be left open if this feature is not used. Below Trim equation is only adapt to the module without droop current sharing option code; For the module with droop current sharing option code, please contact Delta’s technical support team. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. Thermal Testing Setup Figure 19: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease output voltage) If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and Vo (-) pins, the output voltage set point decreases (Fig. 19). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage of output voltage change △% is defined as: 511 Rtrim down 10.2 K Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and the top of the power module is constantly kept at 6.35mm (0.25’’). Ex. When Trim-down -10% (12V×0.9=10.8V) 511 Rtrim down 10.2 K 40.9K 10 PWB FANCING PWB MODULE 50.8(2.00") AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SURED BELOW THE MODULE AIR FLOW Figure 20: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output voltage) If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and Vo (+) the output voltage set point increases (Fig. 20). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage output voltage change △% is defined as: Rtrim up 5.11Vo (100 ) 511 10.2K 1.225 Ex. When Trim-up +10% (11.8V×1.1=12.98V) 5.11 11.8 (100 10) 511 Rtrim up 10.2 480.2K 1.225 10 10 Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power. Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches) Figure 21: Wind tunnel test setup Thermal Derating Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. To enhance system reliability; the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. 21 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 THERMAL CURVES (WITH 0.5” HEAT SINK) THERMAL CURVES (WITH HEAT SPREADER) AIRFLOW 5.6mm (0.22") 5.6mm (0.22") AIRFLOW 20.8mm (0.82") 20.8mm (0.82") Figure 22: * Hot spot temperature measured point. the allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 103℃ Figure 24: * Hot spot temperature measured point. the allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 100℃ Q48SG12042(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation,With 0.5" Height Heat Sink) Q48SG12042(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation,With Heat Spreader) Output Current (A) Output Current (A) 600LFM 40 40 600LFM 35 35 30 30 Natural 25 Convection 25 20 20 Natural Convection 100LFM 100LFM 200LFM 200LFM 15 15 300LFM 300LFM 400LFM 10 10 400LFM 500LFM 5 5 500LFM 0 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 23: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @Vin=48V(Transverse Orientation, airflow from Vin+ to Vin-, with heat spreader) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 25: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @Vin=48V(Transverse Orientation, airflow from Vin+ to Vin-, with 0.5” height heat sink) 22 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 MECHANICAL DRAWING WITH HEAT SPREADER AND PMBUS PIN *For modules with through-hole pins and the optional heat spreader, they are intended for wave soldering assembly onto system boards, please do not subject such modules through reflow temperature profile. 23 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 WITH HEAT SPREADER AND WITHOUT PMBUS PIN *For modules with through-hole pins and the optional heat spreader, they are intended for wave soldering assembly onto system boards, please do not subject such modules through reflow temperature profile. 24 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 Pin Specification: Pins 1-3&5 Pins 4 &6 Pins 7-13 1.00mm (0.040”) diameter (All pins are copper with matte Tin plating over Nickel under plating) 2. 1.50mm (0.059”) diameter (All pins are copper with matte Tin plating over Nickel under plating) 1. SQ 0.50mm(0.020’’) ( All pins are copper with gold flash plating) 25 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM Q 48 S G 120 42 N R F C Type of Input Number of Product Output Output ON/OFF Pin Length Product Voltage Outputs Series Voltage Current Logic /Type QQuarter Brick 4838~75V S- Single G – Full digital control 120 – 11.8V 42 - 42A NNegative PPositive K – 0.110’’ N - 0.145” R - 0.170” Option Code F- RoHS 6/6 (Lead Free) Droop Current Sharing Trim Pin C No Yes No Yes D No No No Yes G No Yes Yes H Yes Yes Yes, but no function Yes Yes PMBus Heat pin spreader MODEL LIST MODEL NAME Q48SG12042NRFC INPUT 38V~75V OUTPUT 15A 11.8V EFF @ 100% LOAD 42A 95.3% Default remote on/off logic is negative and pin length is 0.170” For different remote on/off logic and pin length, please refer to part numbering system above or contact your local sales office. CONTACT: www.deltaww.com/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: 978-656-3993 West Coast: 510-668-5100 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Telephone: +31-20-655-0967 Fax: +31-20-655-0999 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x 6220~6224 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice. 26 DS_Q48SG12042_05092014