A KYOCERA GROUP COMPANY AVX Dielectric Comparison Chart Capacitor Dielectric Comparison Chart Multi-Layer Ceramics Multi-Layer Glass-K Internal Barrier Layer NP0 Stable HiK Ceramic Discs Range, mfd 1pF – .01µF 1pF – 2.2µF .001 – 10µF 1pF 0.1µF .01 – .22µF .01 – 1.0µF 0.5pF – .01µF 270pF – .02µF .012 – .039µF .022 – .1µF 1pF – .09µF .001 – 10µF .001 – 10µF Min. Tol. Avail. % ±0.5% ±5% ±20% Same as Multi-layers ±20% ±20% ±0.5% ±5% ±10% ±10% ±0.5% ±5% Std. Tol. % ±5%, ±10% ±10% +80%, -20% Same as Multi-layers +80%, -20% +80%, -20% ±1%, ±5% ±5%, ±10% ±5%, ±10% ±5%, ±10% ±1%, ±5% Typical, VDC 50 – 200 50 – 200 25 – 100 50 – 10,000 50 3 – 50 50 – 2000 25 – 50 25 – 50 25 – 50 Range, °C -55°C, +125°C -55°C, +125°C +10°C, +85°C and -55°C, +85°C -55°C, +85°C -55°C, +85°C -55°C, +85°C -75°C, +200°C -75°C, +200°C -75°C, +200°C T.C. %∆ C ±0.3% ±15% +22%, –56% and –22%, –80% ±30% ±10%, ±30% ±1.65% +2%, –10% <1.0 mfd 105 MΩ 105 MΩ 104 MΩ Multi-layers 104 MΩ 10 MΩ 105 MΩ >1.0 mfd MΩ –mfd N.A. 2,500 1,000 N.A. N.A. 0.1 Dissipation Factor Percent At 1KHz, % 0.1% 2.5% 3.0% 0.1% to 4.0% 5.0% Dielectric Absorption Percent Typical, % 0.6% 2.5% N.A. Same as Multi-layers Freq. Response 10 = Best, 1 = Poorest 9 8 8 Max. Freq. (MHz) For ∆ C = ±10% 100 10 Typical Life Test, %∆ C 0.1% Single Cap N.P. Characteristics Capacitance Voltage Range Polystyrene Solid Tantalums Aluminum Electrolytics 47 – .047µF 100pF – .027µF .01 – 1000µF 0.5 – 106µF ±1% ±0.5% ±0.5% ±5% ±20% ±10% ±10% ±5% ±5% ±20% +100%, -10% 50 – 500 100 – 600 100 – 600 100 – 600 30 – 600 6 – 125 3 – 500 -75°C, +200°C -55°C, +125°C -55°C, +125°C -55°C, +125°C -55°C, +85°C -55°C, +70°C -55°C, +125°C -40°C, +85°C –2%, –15% +20%, –45% -.4%, +1.8% ±12% ±2% ±2.5% ±1% ±8% ±10% 104 MΩ 104 MΩ 104 MΩ 102 MΩ 104 MΩ 105 MΩ 105 MΩ 106 MΩ 102 MΩ N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 103 104 N.A. N.A. 10 100 5% to 10% 0.2% 1.0% 1.5% 3.0% 0.1% 2% 1.0% 0.35% .1% 8% to 24% 8% (at 120 Hz) N.A. N.A. .05% 0.1% 0.1% 1.3% 0.3% – 0.7% 0.5% 0.35% .05% .05% N.A. N.A. 8 3 2 9 8 8 8 7 6 6 6 6 5 2 10 Same as Multi-layers 10 1 100 100 75 10 100 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. .002 N.A. 10% 20% Same as Multi-layers 20% 20% 0.5% 5% 10% 20% 0.1% 10% 5% 3% 2% 10% 10% N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. N.P. P P Temperature Same as Multi-layers Same as Reduced Multi-Layer Titanates Glass “T” “U” “V” Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic Mica PolyPolyPolyester carbonate propylene I.R. Frequency Response Stability (1000 Hrs.) Polarity NOTICE: Specifications are subject to change without notice. Contact your nearest AVX Sales Office for the latest specifications. All statements, information and data given herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements or suggestions concerning possible use of our products are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe any patent. The user should not assume that all safety measures are indicated or that other measures may not be required. Specifications are typical and may not apply to all applications. © AVX Corporation Basic Capacitor Formulas I. Capacitance (farads) English: C = .224 K A TD Metric: C = .0884 K A TD II. Energy stored in capacitors (Joules, watt - sec) E = 1⁄2 CV 2 III. Linear charge of a capacitor (Amperes) I = C dV dt IV. Total Impedance of a capacitor (ohms) Z = Î R 2S + (XC - XL)2 V. Capacitive Reactance (ohms) 1 xc = 2 π fC VI. Inductive Reactance (ohms) xL = 2 π fL VII. Phase Angles: Ideal Capacitors: Current leads voltage 90° Ideal Inductors: Current lags voltage 90° Ideal Resistors: Current in phase with voltage VIII. Dissipation Factor (%) E.S.R. ) D.F.= tan d (loss angle) = = (2 πfC) (E.S.R. Xc IX. Power Factor (%) P.F. = Sine d (loss angle) = Cos f (phase angle) P.F. = (when less than 10%) = DF X. Quality Factor (dimensionless) 1 Q = Cotan d (loss angle) = D.F. METRIC PREFIXES Pico Nano Micro Milli Deci X 10-12 X 10-9 X 10-6 X 10-3 X 10-1 Deca Kilo Mega Giga Tera Tel: 843-448-9411 FAX: 843-626-5292 AVX Northwest, WA Tel: 360-699-8746 FAX: 360-699-8751 AVX North Central, IN Tel: 317-848-7153 FAX: 317-844-9314 AVX Mid/Pacific, MN Tel: 952-974-9155 FAX: 952-974-9179 ( ) ( ) SYMBOLS X 10+1 X 10+3 X 10+6 X 10+9 X 10+12 USA AVX Myrtle Beach, SC Corporate Offices XI. Equivalent Series Resistance (ohms) E.S.R. = (D.F.) (Xc) = (D.F.) / (2 π fC) XII. Power Loss (watts) Power Loss = (2 π fCV2) (D.F.) XIII. KVA (Kilowatts) KVA = 2 π fCV2 x 10-3 XIV. Temperature Characteristic (ppm/°C) Ct – C25 x 106 T.C. = C25 (Tt – 25) XV. Cap Drift (%) C1 – C2 x 100 C.D. = C1 XVI. Reliability of Ceramic Capacitors L0 X Tt Y Vt = Lt Vo To XVII. Capacitors in Series (current the same) 1 = 1 + 1 --- 1 Any Number: C2 CN CT C1 C C 1 2 Two: CT = C1 + C 2 XVIII. Capacitors in Parallel (voltage the same) CT = C1 + C2 --- + CN XIX. Aging Rate A.R. = % D C/decade of time XX. Decibels V1 db = 20 log V2 K = Dielectric Constant A = Area TD = Dielectric thickness V = Voltage t = time Lo = Operating life f L δ = frequency = Inductance = Loss angle = Phase angle X & Y = exponent effect of voltage and temp. φ EUROPE AVX Southwest, AZ Tel: 480-539-1496 FAX: 480-539-1501 AVX South Central, TX Tel: 972-669-1223 FAX: 972-669-2090 AVX Southeast, NC Tel: 919-878-6223 FAX: 919-878-6462 AVX Canada AVX Limited, England European Headquarters Tel: ++44 (0) 1252 770000 FAX: ++44 (0) 1252 770001 AVX S.A., France Tel: ++33 (1) 69.18.46.00 FAX: ++33 (1) 69.28.73.87 AVX GmbH, Germany - AVX Tel: ++49 (0) 8131 9004-0 FAX: ++49 (0) 8131 9004-44 Lt Vt Vo Tt To Rs = Test life = Test voltage = Operating voltage = Test temperature = Operating temperature = Series Resistance ASIA-PACIFIC AVX GmbH, Germany - Elco Tel: ++49 (0) 2741 2990 FAX: ++49 (0) 2741 299133 AVX srl, Italy el: ++390 (0)2 614571 T FAX: ++390 (0)2 614 2576 AVX Czech Republic, s.r.o. 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