HIP1090 Protected High Side Power Switch with Transient Suppression March 1995 Features • • • • • • • • Description ±90V Transient Suppression 4V to 16V Operating Voltage 1A Current Load Capability Low Input-Output Voltage Drop With Controlled Saturation Detector for - Fast Low Current Turn-OFF - Reduced No-Load Idle Current Over-Voltage Shutdown Protection Short Circuit Current Limiting Over-Temperature Limiting Protected Thermal Limiting at TJ = +150oC • -40oC to +125oC Operating Temperature Range Applications • • • • The merits of transient suppression depend on the required integrity of the applications load elements. Instrument panel signal warning lights for critical functions such as overtemperature or low fluid levels can be protected by the HIP1090 against high level transient voltages and double battery conditions that may potentially cause bulb burnouts. The HIP1090 may be used to protect the power supplies of small signal or logic circuits with voltages ranging from 4V to 16V, effectively blocking higher peak voltages. Electronic Circuit Breaker Transient Suppressor Over-Voltage Monitor High Side Driver Switch for - Relays - Solenoids - Heaters - Motors - Lamps Ordering Information PART NUMBER HIP1090AS The HIP1090 is a Protected Power Interface Switch designed to suppress potentially damaging over-voltage transients with peak voltage source inputs ranging up to ±90V in amplitude. It is designed to be operated in a ‘hardwired’ pass-thru mode or as a high side power switch which controls the current flow through a PNP pass transistor of the IC. In either mode The HIP1090 has a low saturated forward voltage drop. The protected load circuit is connected to the output of the IC. As such, the HIP1090 operates as a transient suppressor where the PNP drive transistor is switched off when VIN is greater than the Over-Voltage Shutdown range of 16V to 19V. Shutdown also occurs when VIN is less than the forward turn-on threshold of approximately 2.5V, including the negative voltage range. TEMPERATURE RANGE -40oC to +125oC PACKAGE TO-220AB SIP The HIP1090 has internal current limiting protection in the range of 1A to 2A for short circuit to ground conditions and thermal shutdown protection when the junction temperature is greater than 150oC. It is capable of driving resistive, inductive or lamp loads (such as lamps No. 168 or 194) with minimum risk of damage under harsh environmental stress conditions. The HIP1090 is supplied in a 3 lead TO-220AB package. Functional Block Diagram Pinout HIP1090 (SIP) TOP VIEW RS 1 VIN (VCC OR VBATT) NOTE: HEAT SINK TAB INTERNALLY CONNECTED TO PIN 2 1 2 3 3 VOUT (TO LOAD) 0.02Ω THERMAL LIMIT CURRENT LIMIT OVERVOLTAGE SHUTDOWN BASE CURRENT AMPLIFIER VCESAT DETECTOR 2 VCON (CONTROL OR GND) VOUT (LOAD) VCON (CONTROL) VIN (SUPPLY) CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 407-727-9207 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 1999 9-22 File Number 3398.3 Specifications HIP1090 Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Information Input (Supply) Voltage, VIN (Control Pin Reference) . . . . . . . . ±24V Transient Max Voltage, VIN (15ms) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±90V Load Current, IOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short Circuit Protected Thermal Resistance θJA θJC Plastic SIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50oC/W 4oC/W Maximum Power Dissipation, (Note 4) At TA = +105oC, Infinite Heat Sink. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.25W Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150oC Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to +125oC Storage Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to +150oC Lead Temperature (Soldering During). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +265oC 1/16 ± 1/32 inch (1.59 ± 0.79mm) from case for 10s maximum CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Electrical Specifications TA = -40oC to +125oC; VIN = 4V to 16V; VCON = GND or 0V, Unless Otherwise Specified PARAMETERS Input (Supply) Voltage Operating Range SYMBOL VIN MIN TYP MAX UNITS (Note 1); Also, See Figure 4 for Expanding VIN Range TEST CONDITIONS 4 - 16 V - 2.5 - V Input Voltage Threshold for Forward Turn-On to Load VTHD Load = 1kΩ Input Voltage for Output Shutdown VSHSD (Note 2) 16 - 19 V Output Shutdown Leakage ILEAK1 VIN = 19V and 24V; Load = 1kΩ - - 100 µA Output Cutoff Leakage ILEAK2 VIN = 16V; Control Open; Load = 1kΩ - 1 - µA - 150 - o C Thermal Shutdown Temperature TSD Maximum Output Transient Pulse Current IOUT(Tran) VIN = ±90V for 15ms, VOUT = 14V -20 - +20 mA Maximum Control Transient Pulse Current ICON(Tran) VIN = ±90V for 15ms, VOUT = 14V -50 - +50 mA Short Circuit Current ISC Input-to-Output Voltage Drop Control Current ICON 1 - 2 A VIN = 4V, IOUT = 175mA - - 0.25 V VIN = 9V, IOUT = 500mA - - 0.65 V VIN = 16V, IOUT = 800mA - - 1.05 V VIN = 16V, IOUT = 1A - 0.8 - V VIN = 16V, IOUT = 100mA - - 25 mA VIN = 16V, IOUT = 800mA - - 50 mA VIN = 16V, IOUT = 1A - 50 - mA Turn ON (Rise Time); “Pass-Thru” Mode tON Switch VIN 0V(GND) to 5.5V; Measure VOUT (to 90%); Load = 1kΩ (Note 3) - - 20 µs Turn OFF (Fall Time); “Pass-Thru” Mode tOFF Switch VIN 5.5V to 0V(GND); Measure VOUT (to 90%); Load = 1kΩ (Note 3) - - 20 µs Turn ON (Rise Time); High Pass Switch Mode tON See Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Note 3) - 15 - µs Turn OFF (Fall Time); High Pass Switch Mode tOFF See Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Note 3) - 15 - µs NOTES: 1. The Input Operating Voltage is not limited by the threshold of Shutdown. The VIN voltage may range to ±24V while the normal functional switching range is typically +2.5V to +17.5V (reference to VCON). 2. The Output Drive is switched-off when the Input voltage(Supply pin), referenced to the Control pin exceeds the threshold shutdown VSHSD or the input voltage is less than the forward turn-on threshold (Including negative voltages within the transient peak ratings). 3. TON and TOFF times include Prop Delay and Rise/Fall time. 4. The worst case thermal resistance,θJC for the SIP TO-220 is 4oC/W. The calculation for dissipation and junction temperature rise due to dissipation is: PD = (VIN -VOUT) + (VIN)(ICON ) TJ = TAMBIENT + (PD) (θJC) for an infinite Heat Sink. Derating from 150oC is based on the reciprocal of thermal resistance, θJC+θHS. For example: Where θJC = 4oC/W and given θHS = 6o/W as the thermal resistance of an external Heat Sink, the junction-to-air thermal resistance, θJA = 10oC/W. Therefore, for the maximum allowed dissipation, derate 0.1W/oC for each degree from TAMB to the maximum rated junction temperature of 150oC. If TAMB = 100oC, the maximum PD is (150 - 100) x 0.1W/oC = 5W. 9-23 HIP1090 Applications in this mode, the HIP1090 is both an effective transient suppressor and a high pass switch. The switch in the VCON terminal may be active or passive and conducts typically less than 50mA of current. The HIP1090 used in the controlled switching mode retains all of the protected features of the device. In either circuit the output capacitor may be increased in size to hold charge longer during transient interruptions at the input. The charge duration for larger capacitors or for lamp loads is tolerated because of the internal short circuit current limiting protection. Sustained short circuits may cause the junction temperature to reach the thermal shutdown temperature (150oC). The HIP1090 may be used as a “hard-wired pass-thru” device to protect the load from source voltage transients or may be used as an active high side power interface switch with up to 1A of Load current capability. An ON state condition of (VIN - 4V) ≤ VCON ≤ (VIN - 16V) is the normal range required to activate the high pass switch, allowing the supply source to conduct through the PNP to the load. When the control terminal, VCON is open, the high pass switch is open (no conduction). Figure 2 shows an HIP1090 application example with a switch in the VCON terminal. In comparison to the hard wired circuit of Figure 1 where pin 2 is fixed at ground, pin 2 in the circuit of Figure 2 is switched from open to ground to turn-ON the high pass switch. Used INPUT 1 RS VIN VOUT 3 DASH PANEL LOAD VBATT THERMAL LIMIT OVERVOLTAGE SHUTDOWN CURRENT LIMIT BASE CURRENT AMPLIFIER RADIO LAMP 0.47µF SWITCH TO OTHER LIGHTS AND INSTRUMENTS VCESAT DETECTOR 2 VCON (CONTROL OR GND) FIGURE 1. TYPICAL APPLICATION OF THE HIP1090 AS A TRANSIENT SUPPRESSOR IN A “PASS-THRU” MODE INPUT 1 VBATT VIN RS VOUT 3 THERMAL LIMIT CURRENT LIMIT OVERVOLTAGE SHUTDOWN BASE CURRENT AMPLIFIER 2 VCESAT DETECTOR VCON (CONTROL) NOTE: VLOAD = VBATT - VSAT VSAT TYP < 0.8V at 1A LOAD 0.47µF TO 1000µF OFF SWITCH ON FIGURE 2. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE HIP1090 AS A TRANSIENT SUPPRESSOR IN A HIGH PASS SWITCH MODE 9-24 HIP1090 Figure 3 shows the pulsed output switching characteristics of the HIP1090 as a high side driver. A small delay step is noted on the rising edge due to the hold-off of a VCESAT detector circuit. The VCESAT circuit senses the saturation level of the PNP pass transistor and controls the drive as a ratio of load current. As the load current is reduced, the drive current to the output transistor is reduced. Under low current operation, the saturation level is controlled and the turn-OFF switching time is much faster. The control switching element is shown as a 2N5320 NPN transistor but may be any open collector or MOS gate. A pull-up resistor of 2kΩ is used for a slight improvement in the turnoff fall time but is not an essential requirement. The VCON terminal may be controlled with a mechanical switch or may be controlled from any driver output that can sink the worst case condition of pin 2 current, ICON when the output load current is increased to 1A (typically 50mA). The circuit of Figure 4 shows how the HIP1090 transient suppression voltage shutdown threshold may be increased by using a zener diode from the VCON terminal to the collector terminal of the transistor switch. The preferred method is to use a zener diode for a fixed level shift. While a resistor in place of the zener diode having the same voltage drop will work well, the parametric variation of the ICON current will cause variations of the Over-Voltage Shutdown Threshold. In this circuit, a 10V zener provides a typical over-voltage threshold shift to ~27V. The threshold for over-voltage shutdown is referenced to the (VIN - VCON) voltage difference. +24V VOUT VIN HIP1090 (SUPPLY INPUT) 2kΩ OPTIONAL (OUTPUT) 24Ω VCON 10V VOUT VIN +16V (OUTPUT) HIP1090 (SUPPLY INPUT) 2kΩ OPTIONAL 1kΩ ON 24Ω OFF VCON (CONTROL PIN) 1kΩ ON 2N5320 OR EQUIVALENT FIGURE 4. A TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT THAT USES A ZENER TO THE VCON TRANSISTOR SWITCH TO RAISE THE OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD 2N5320 OR EQUIVALENT VB OFF Also, it is important to note that high peak current values may be reached when driving nonlinear and inductive loads. The peak output current of the HIP1090 is self limiting in the 1A to 2A range to protect against short circuit conditions. Sustained high peak current may increase the junction temperature to 150oC and cause thermal shutdown. When this happens, the output current will fall off briefly before recovering, unless the over-temperature condition is sustained. Internally, both input and output over-voltage conditions are sensed to protect the circuit, making the high levels of transient voltage ratings possible. Sustained voltage ratings of ±24VDC with transient ratings to ±90V allow a wide variety of applications in high stress environments. 15 10 VOUT 5 0 TON TOFF 15µs 15µs ON OFF VB FIGURE 3. TYPICAL ON-OFF SWITCHING CHARACTERISTIC OF THE HIP1090 USING AN NPN TRANSISTOR TO SWITCH THE VCON INPUT TERMINAL Except for the VCESAT detector circuit, the HIP1090 is a higher current version of the CA3273 high side driver, which turns-on without the delayed step on the leading edge of the output pulse; switching with a typical TON time of ~0.5µs. The CA3273 has a higher transient suppression threshold. 9-25 HIP1090 Typical Performance Curves 30 TA = +25oC 50 CONTROL CURRENT (PIN 2) (mA) CONTROL CURRENT (PIN 2) (mA) 60 RLOAD = 16Ω VCON = GND 40 30 20 10 00 TA = +25oC VCON = GND 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 VOUT OPEN 25 0 5 FIGURE 5. CONTROL (QUIESCENT) CURRENT CHARACTERISTIC WITH LOAD VSAT = (VIN - VOUT) VOLTAGE (mV) 10 15 20 VIN SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VIN SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) FIGURE 6. CONTROL (QUIESCENT) CURRENT CHARACTERISTIC WITH NO LOAD TA = +25oC 1000 RLOAD = 16Ω VCON = GND 800 600 400 200 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) FIGURE 7. SATURATION (VIN - VOUT) CHARACTERISTIC All Intersil semiconductor products are manufactured, assembled and tested under ISO9000 quality systems certification. Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see web site http://www.intersil.com Sales Office Headquarters NORTH AMERICA Intersil Corporation P. O. Box 883, Mail Stop 53-204 Melbourne, FL 32902 TEL: (407) 727-9207 FAX: (407) 724-7240 EUROPE Intersil SA Mercure Center 100, Rue de la Fusee 1130 Brussels, Belgium TEL: (32) 2.724.2111 FAX: (32) 2.724.22.05 9-26 ASIA Intersil (Taiwan) Ltd. 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