RT8005 1A, 2MHz, High-Efficiency Synchronous Buck PWM Converter General Description Features The RT8005 is a high-efficiency synchronous buck PWM converter with integrated P-Channel and N-Channel power MOSFET switches. Capable of delivering 1A output current over a wide input voltage range of 2.4V to 5.5V, the RT8005 is ideally suited for portable applications powered by a single Li-Ion battery or by 3-cell NiMH/NiCd batteries. The device operates at 2MHz PWM switching fixed frequency, can use smaller CIN, COUT capacitor and inductor. l The RT8005 integrates two low RDS(ON) 230mΩ and 180mΩ of high and low side switching MOSFETs to reduce board space, as only resistors and capacitors along with one inductor are required externally for operation. The RT8005 has adjustable output range down to 0.5V. The other features include internal soft-start, chip enable, over temperature and over current protections. It is available in a space-saving VDFN-10L 3x3 package. Ordering Information RT8005 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l Applications l Package Type QV : VDFN-10L 3x3 (V-Type) Lead Plating System P : Pb Free G : Green (Halogen Free and Pb Free) Note : 2.4V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range Adjustable Output from 0.5V to VIN Guaranteed 1A Output Current Accurate Reference : 0.5V (±1.5%) Up to 90% Conversion Efficiency Typical Quiescent Current : 200µA Integrated Low RDS(ON) High and Low Side Power MOSFET Switches : 230mΩ and 180mΩ Current Mode PWM Operation Fixed Frequency : 2MHz 100% Maximum Duty Cycle for Lowest Dropout Internal Soft-Start No Schottky Diode Required Over Temperature and Over Current Protection Small 10-Lead VDFN 3x3 Package RoHS Compliant and 100% Lead (Pb)-Free l l l l l Battery-Powered Equipments Low Power CPU and DSP Supplies Digital Cameras and Hard Disks Protable Instruments and Notebook Computers Celluar Phones, PDAs, and Handheld PCs USB-Based DSL Modems and Other Network Interface Cards Richtek products are : RoHS compliant and compatible with the current requirements of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. } Suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes. Marking Information For marking information, contact our sales representative directly or through a Richtek distributor located in your area. DS8005-10 March 2011 Pin Configurations (TOP VIEW) LX PVDD PVDD VDD EN 1 2 3 4 5 GND 11 10 9 8 7 9 } PGND PGND GND COMP FB VDFN-10L 3x3 www.richtek.com 1 RT8005 Typical Application Circuit VIN 2.4V to 5.5V 2.2µF Chip Enable 2,3 4 CIN VDD LX 5 EN 7 PVDD 1 LOUT 2.2µH R1 10k RT8005 COMP FB VOUT 6 CCOMP 9, 10 PGND 10nF GND 8, 11 (Exposed Pad) R2 7.15k 1.2V/1A COUT 2.2µF Recommended component selection for Typical Application Circuit. VOUT (V) VIN (V) CIN (uF) COUT (uF) LOUT (uH) R1 (kΩ) R2 (kΩ) CCOMP (nF) 0.5 2.4 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 Open 10 1 2.4 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 10 10 1.2 2.4 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 7.15 10 1.8 2.4 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 3.83 10 2.5 3.3 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 2.49 10 3.3 4.2 to 5.5 2.2 2.2/4.7 2.2 10 1.78 10 Suggested Inductors Component Series Supplier Inductance DCR Current Rating Dimensions (µH) (mΩ) (mA) (mm) ABC SR0403 2.2 47 2600 4.5x4x3.2 Sumida CDRH3D16 2.2 59 1750 4x4x1.8 GOTREND GTSD53 2.2 29 2410 5x5x2.8 Suggested Capacitors For CIN and COUT Component Supplier Capacitance (uF) Case Size C1608X5R1A225M 2.2 0603 Panasonic ECJ1VB0J225M 2.2 0603 TAIYO YUDEN JMK107BJ225M 2.2 0603 TDK www.richtek.com 2 Part No. DS8005-10 March 2011 RT8005 Functional Pin Description Pin No. Pin Name Pin Function 1 LX 2, 3 PVDD 4 VDD Signal Input Supply. Decouple this pin to GND with a capacitor. Normally VDD is equal to PVDD. 5 EN Chip Enable (Active High). Logic low shuts down the converter. Floating this pin is forbidden. 6 FB Switcher Feedback Voltage. This pin is the inverting input of the error amplifier. FB senses the switcher output through an external resistor divider network. FB regulation voltage is 0.5V. 7 COMP 8, Exposed Pad (11) GND 9, 10 PGND Internal Power MOSFET Switches Output. Connect this pin to the inductor. Power Input Supply. Decouple this pin to PGND with a capacitor. Compensation Input. This pin is the output of the internal error amplifier. Connect an external capacitor to compensate the regulator controlled loop. Signal Ground. All small-signal components, compensation components and the exposed pad on the bottom side of the IC should connect to this ground, which in turn connects to PGND at one point. The exposed pad must be soldered to a large PCB and connected to GND for maximum power dissipation. Power Ground. Connect this pin close to the terminal of CIN and COUT. Function Block Diagram EN Shutdown Control VDD Slope Compensation Oscillator Current Limit Detector - PWM Comparator COMP VREF FB + + Error Amplifier Over Temperature Detector Control Logic Current Sense Driver LX Zero Detector - GND DS8005-10 March 2011 PVDD PGND www.richtek.com 3 RT8005 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Supply Voltage, PVDD and VDD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ −0.3V to 6V EN, FB Voltage --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to VDD l PGND to GND ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to 0.3V l LX Voltage --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) l Power Dissipation, PD @ TA = 25°C VDFN-10L 3x3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.923W l Package Thermal Resistance (Note 2) VDFN-10L 3x3, θJA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------52°C/W l Junction Temperature -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------150°C l Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------260°C l Storage Temperature Range ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −65°C to 150°C l ESD Susceptibility (Note 3) HBM (Human Body Mode) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2kV MM (Machine Mode) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------200V l l Recommended Operating Conditions l l l l (Note 4) Supply Voltage, PVDD and VDD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.4V to 5.5V Enable Input Voltage, VEN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------0V to VDD Ambient Temperature Range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature Range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 125°C Electrical Characteristics (VDD = 3.3V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Supply Current Quiescent Current IQ VEN = 3.3V, VFB = VREF + 0.15V, I OUT = 0mA -- 200 400 µA Shutdown Current I SHDN VEN = 0V -- 0.01 1 µA VREF 0.4925 0.5 0.5075 V Switching Frequency Range f OSC 1.7 2.0 2.3 MHz Maximum Duty Cycle DC 100 -- -- % Reference Reference Voltage Oscillator VPVDD = VOUT Output Voltage Line Regulation VDD = 2.4V to 5.5V, ILOAD = 100mA -- -- +1.5 % Load Regulation 10mA < ILOAD < 600mA -- -- +1.5 % Power Switches RDS(ON) of P-MOSFET RP_FET VPVDD = 3.3V, I LX = 300mA -- 230 -- mΩ RDS(ON) of N-MOSFET RN_FET VPVDD = 3.3V, I -- 180 -- mΩ Current Limit ILIMIT VPVDD = 3.3V, VFB = VREF - 0.15V -- 1.8 -- A LX = −300mA To be continued www.richtek.com 4 DS8005-10 March 2011 RT8005 Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max -- -- 0.4 1.5 -- -- Unit Logic Input EN Threshold Voltage Logic-Low VIL VDD = 2.4V to 5.5V, Shutdown Logic-High VIH VDD = 2.4V to 5.5V, Enable V Protection Thermal Shutdown Temperature TSD -- 180 -- °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis ∆TSD -- 20 -- °C Note 1. Stresses listed as the above "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are for stress ratings. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability. Note 2. θ JA is measured in the natural convection at T A = 25°C on a high effective thermal conductivity test board of JEDEC 51-7 thermal measurement standard. Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution recommended. Note 4. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions. DS8005-10 March 2011 www.richtek.com 5 RT8005 Typical Operating Characteristics Line Regulation Deviation Load Regulation Deviation 0.004 0.4 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 50mA 0.2% 0.2 0.0%0 IOUT IOUT = 1000mA = 500mA -0.2% -0.2 -0.4% -0.4 -0.6% -0.6 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 Output Voltage Deviation (%)1 Output Voltage Deviation (%)1 0.4% 0.4 0.002 0.2 00 VIN = 5V -0.002 -0.2 VIN = 3.3V -0.004 -0.4 -0.006 -0.6 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 100 0 0 Input Voltage (V) Load Regulation (mA) Current Limit vs. Input Voltage 2.2 Efficiency vs. Output Current 100 VOUT = 1.2V 90 80 1.8 Efficiency (%) Current Limit (A) 2 VOUT = 1.2V 1.6 1.4 VIN = 3.3V 70 60 50 VIN = 5V 40 30 20 1.2 10 1 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 1 5.5 10 Frequency vs. Input Voltage 1000 Frequency vs. Temperature 2.15 2.1 2.1 2.05 Frequency(MHz)1 Frequency(MHz)1 100 Output Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) 2.05 2 1.95 1.9 2 1.95 1.9 1.85 1.85 1.8 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 Input Voltage(V) www.richtek.com 6 5 5.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature (°C) DS8005-10 March 2011 RT8005 Quiescent Current vs. Temperature Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage 220 VEN = 3.3V, VFB = 0.65V 275 Quiescent Current (μA) Quiescent Current (μA) 300 250 225 200 175 VEN = 3.3V, VFB = 0.65V 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 150 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 -50 5.5 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 100 125 Temperature (°C) Input Voltage(V) VREF vs. Input Voltage VREF vs. Temperature 0.502 0.51 0.5 0.498 0.5 VREF (V) VREF (V) 0.505 0.495 0.496 0.494 0.492 0.49 0.49 0.488 0.486 0.485 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Input Voltage (V) Temperature (°C) Soft-Start Function Soft-Start Function VIN = 3.3V VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 1A VIN = 3.3V VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 0mA VOUT VOUT (500mV/Div) (500mV/Div) VEN VEN (2V/Div) (2V/Div) I IN I IN (50mA/Div) (500mA/Div) Time (500μs/Div) DS8005-10 March 2011 Time (500μs/Div) www.richtek.com 7 RT8005 Steady State Steady State VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.2V, IOUT = 1A VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.2V, IOUT = 0mA VOUT VOUT (2mV/Div) (2mV/Div) VLX (2V/Div) VLX (1V/Div) ILX ILX (500mA/Div) (1A/Div) Time (250ns/Div) Time (100μs/Div) Load Transient Response VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 100mA to 1A Output Voltage (100mV/Div) Load Current (500mA/Div) Time (100μs/Div) www.richtek.com 8 DS8005-10 March 2011 RT8005 Application Information RT8005 is a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) step-down DC/ DC converter. Capable of delivering 1A output current over a wide input voltage range from 2.4V to 5.5V. The RT8005 is ideally suited for portable electronic devices that are powered from 1-cell Li-ion battery or from other power sources within the range such as cellular phones, PDAs and handy terminals. PSM Operation Consequently, the converter will enter pulse-skipping mode (PSM) during extreme light load condition or when modulation index (VOUT /VIN) is extreme low. This could reduce switching loss and further increase power conversion efficiency. Over Current Protection Chip Enable/Disable and Soft-Start Four operational modes are available: PWM, PSM, LowDrop-Out and shut-down modes. Pulling EN pin lower than 0.4V shuts down the RT8005 and reduces its quiescent current to 1µA. Pulling EN pin higher than 1.5V enables the RT8005 and initiates the soft-start cycle. RT8005 has internal soft-start that can reduce the Inrush Current during the rising of Output Voltage. PWM Operation During normal operation, the RT8005 regulates output voltage by switching at a constant frequency transferring the power to the load in each cycle by PWM. The RT8005 uses a slope-compensated, current mode PWM controller capable of achieving 100% duty cycle. At each rising edge of the internal oscillator, the Control Logic cell sends a PWM ON signal to the Driver cell to turn on internal PMOSFET. This allows current to ramp up through the inductor to the load, and stores energy in a magnetic field. The switch remains on until either the current-limit is tripped or the PWM comparator signals for the output in regulation. After the switch is turned off, the inductor releases the magnetic energy and forces current through the N-MOSFET synchronous rectifier to the output-filter capacitor and load. The output-filter capacitor stores charge when the inductor current is above the average output current and releases charge when the inductor current is below the average current to smooth the output voltage across the load. A Zero Detector monitors inductor current by sensing v oltage drop across the N-MOSFET synchronous rectifier when it turns on. The N-MOSFET turns off and allows the converter entering discontinuous conduction mode when the inductor current decreases to zero. The zero current detection on threshold is about 80mA.This reduces conduction loss and increase power The RT8005 continuously monitors the inductor current by sensing the voltage across the P-MOSFET when it turns on. When the inductor current is higher than current limit threshold (1.8A typical), OCP activates and forces the P-MOSFET turning off to limit inductor current cycle by cycle. Output Voltage Setting and Feedback Network The output voltage can be set from VREF to VIN by a voltage divider as: the internal VREF is 0.5V with 1.5% accuracy. In practical application, keep R1 = 10kΩ respectively and choose appropriate R2 according to the required output voltage. Inductor Selection The output inductor is suggested as the table of suggested inductors for optimal performance. Make sure that the inductor will not saturate over the operation conditions including temperature range, input voltage range, and maximum output current. If possible, choose an inductor with rated current higher than 2A so that it will not saturate even under short circuit condition. Input Capacitor Selection The input capacitor can filter the input peak current and noise at input voltage source. The capacitor with low ESR (effective series resistance) provides the small drop voltage to stabilize the input voltage during the transient loading. For input capacitor selection, the ceramic capacitors larger than 2.2µF is recommend. The capacitor must conform to the RMS current requirement. The maximum RMS ripple current is calculated as : IRMS = IOUT(MAX) VOUT (VIN - VOUT) VIN conversion efficiency at light load condition. DS8005-10 March 2011 www.richtek.com 9 RT8005 Output Capacitor Selection The capacitor’ s ESR determines the output ripple voltage and the initial voltage drop following a high slew-rate transient’ s edge. Typically, if the ESR requirement is satisfied, the capacitance is adequate to filtering. The output ripple voltage can be calculated as : ∆VOUT = ∆IC (ESR + 1 ) 8 x COUT x fOSC Where f OSC = operating frequency, COUT = output capacitance and ∆IC = ∆IL = ripple current in the inductor. The ceramic capacitor with low ESR value provides the low output ripple and low size profile. Connect a 2.2µF/4.7µF ceramic capacitor at output terminal for good performance and place the input and output capacitors as close as possible to the device. 2, 3 VIN R3 R5 C2 4 RT8005 1 PVDD LX VDD C3 5 EN 8 GND FB L1 VOUT R1 6 COMP 7 9, 10 PGND R2 C1 R4 C4 VIN Figure 1 Layout Considerations Follow the PCB layout guidelines for optimal performance of RT8005. For the main current paths as indicated in bold lines in Figure 1, keep their traces short and wide. } } Put the input capacitor as close as possible to the device pins (PVDD and PGND). } LX node is with high frequency voltage swing and should Figure 2. Top Layer be kept small area. Keep analog components away from LX node to prevent stray capacitive noise pick-up. } Connect feedback network behind the output capacitors. Keep the loop area small. Place the feedback components near the RT8005. Connect all analog grounds to a command node and then connect the command node to the power ground behind the output capacitors. } } An example of 2-layer PCB layout is shown in Figure 2 to Figure 3 for reference. Figure 3. Bottom Layer www.richtek.com 10 DS8005-10 March 2011 RT8005 Outline Dimension D2 D L E E2 SEE DETAIL A 1 e b 2 1 2 1 A A1 A3 DETAIL A Pin #1 ID and Tie Bar Mark Options Note : The configuration of the Pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.800 1.000 0.031 0.039 A1 0.000 0.050 0.000 0.002 A3 0.175 0.250 0.007 0.010 b 0.180 0.300 0.007 0.012 D 2.950 3.050 0.116 0.120 D2 2.300 2.650 0.091 0.104 E 2.950 3.050 0.116 0.120 E2 1.500 1.750 0.059 0.069 e L 0.500 0.350 0.020 0.450 0.014 0.018 V-Type 10L DFN 3x3 Package Richtek Technology Corporation Richtek Technology Corporation Headquarter Taipei Office (Marketing) 5F, No. 20, Taiyuen Street, Chupei City 5F, No. 95, Minchiuan Road, Hsintien City Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Taipei County, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: (8863)5526789 Fax: (8863)5526611 Tel: (8862)86672399 Fax: (8862)86672377 Email: [email protected] Information that is provided by Richtek Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. Richtek reserves the right to make any change in circuit design, specification or other related things if necessary without notice at any time. No third party intellectual property infringement of the applications should be guaranteed by users when integrating Richtek products into any application. No legal responsibility for any said applications is assumed by Richtek. DS8005-10 March 2011 www.richtek.com 11