LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 1 Product name Description Version MC-1108 Datasheet of MC-1108 standalone GPS module 0.1 Introduction LOCOSYS GPS MC-1108 module features high sensitivity, low power and ultra small form factor. This GPS module is powered by MediaTek, it can provide you with superior sensitivity and performance even in urban canyon and dense foliage environment. This module supports hybrid ephemeris prediction to achieve faster cold start. One is self-generated ephemeris prediction (called EASY) that is no need of both network assistance and host CPU’s intervention. This is valid for up to 3 days and updates automatically from time to time when GPS module is powered on and satellites are available. The other is server-generated ephemeris prediction (called EPO) that gets from an internet server. This is valid for up to 14 days. Both ephemeris predictions are stored in the on-board flash memory and perform a cold start time less than 15 seconds. 2 Features 3 MediaTek high sensitivity solution Support 66-channel GPS Ultra low power consumption Fast TTFF at low signal level Built-in 12 multi-tone active interference canceller Free hybrid ephemeris prediction to achieve faster cold start Built-in data logger Built-in DC/DC converter to save power Allow direct connection with the lithium battery Built-in off-chip LNA to get best performance when using passive antenna Up to 10 Hz update rate Capable of SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN) Support Japan QZSS Indoor and outdoor multi-path detection and compensation Small form factor 11.4 x 8.8 x 2 mm SMD type with stamp holes; RoHS compliant Application Personal positioning and navigation Automotive navigation Marine navigation Page 1/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Fig 3-1 System block diagram. Fig 3-2 Directly use a passive antenna and a Li-Ion battery to save power. Note: When using an active antenna with MC-1108, the overall gain of the active antenna must be smaller than 18dB. Page 2/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 4 GPS receiver Chip MediaTek MT3339 Frequency L1 1575.42MHz, C/A code Channels Support 66 channels (22 Tracking, 66 Acquisition) Update rate 1Hz default, up to 10Hz Sensitivity Acquisition Time Tracking -164dBm, up to -165dBm Cold start -147dBm, up to -148dBm Hot start (Open Sky) 1s (typical) Hot start (Indoor) < 30s 33s (typical) without AGPS Cold Start (Open Sky) < 15s (typical) with AGPS (hybrid ephemeris prediction) Position Accuracy Autonomous 2.5m CEP SBAS 2.5m (depends on accuracy of correction data). Max. Altitude < 50,000 m Max. Velocity < 515 m/s Protocol Support NMEA 0183 ver 3.01 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bits (default) 1Hz: GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG Note 1: Both baud rate and output message rate are configurable to be factory default. 5 Software interface 5.1 NMEA output message Table 5.1-1 NMEA output message NMEA record Description GGA Global positioning system fixed data GLL Geographic position - latitude/longitude GSA GPS DOP and active satellites GSV GPS satellites in view RMC Recommended minimum specific GPS data VTG Course over ground and ground speed GGA--- Global Positioning System Fixed Data Table 5.1-2 contains the values for the following example: $GPGGA,053740.000,2503.6319,N,12136.0099,E,1,08,1.1,63.8,M,15.2,M,,0000*64 Table5.1- 2 GGA Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPGGA Units Description GGA protocol header Page 3/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ UTC Time 053740.000 hhmmss.sss Latitude 2503.6319 ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12136.0099 dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Position Fix Indicator 1 See Table 5.1-3 Satellites Used 08 Range 0 to 12 HDOP 1.1 Horizontal Dilution of Precision MSL Altitude 63.8 mters Units M mters Geoid Separation 15.2 mters Units M mters Age of Diff. Corr. second Diff. Ref. Station ID 0000 Checksum *64 <CR> <LF> Null fields when DGPS is not used End of message termination Table 5.1-3 Position Fix Indicators Value Description 0 Fix not available or invalid 1 GPS SPS Mode, fix valid 2 Differential GPS, SPS Mode, fix valid 3-5 Not supported 6 Dead Reckoning Mode, fix valid GLL--- Geographic Position – Latitude/Longitude Table 5.1-4 contains the values for the following example: $GPGLL,2503.6319,N,12136.0099,E,053740.000,A,A*52 Table 5.1-4 GLL Data Format Name Example Units Description Message ID $GPGLL GLL protocol header Latitude 2503.6319 ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12136.0099 dddmm.mmmm E/W indicator E E=east or W=west UTC Time 053740.000 hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Page 4/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Mode A Checksum *52 A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator <CR> <LF> End of message termination GSA---GPS DOP and Active Satellites Table 5.1-5 contains the values for the following example: $GPGSA,A,3,24,07,17,11,28,08,20,04,,,,,2.0,1.1,1.7*35 Table 5.1-5 GSA Data Format Name Example Units Description Message ID $GPGSA GSA protocol header Mode 1 A See Table 5.1-6 Mode 2 3 See Table 5.1-7 ID of satellite used 24 Sv on Channel 1 ID of satellite used 07 Sv on Channel 2 …. …. ID of satellite used Sv on Channel 12 PDOP 2.0 Position Dilution of Precision HDOP 1.1 Horizontal Dilution of Precision VDOP 1.7 Vertical Dilution of Precision Checksum *35 <CR> <LF> End of message termination Table 5.1-6 Mode 1 Value Description M Manual- forced to operate in 2D or 3D mode A Automatic-allowed to automatically switch 2D/3D Table 5.1-7 Mode 2 Value Description 1 Fix not available 2 2D 3 3D GSV---GPS Satellites in View Table 5.1-8 contains the values for the following example: $GPGSV,3,1,12,28,81,285,42,24,67,302,46,31,54,354,,20,51,077,46*73 $GPGSV,3,2,12,17,41,328,45,07,32,315,45,04,31,250,40,11,25,046,41*75 $GPGSV,3,3,12,08,22,214,38,27,08,190,16,19,05,092,33,23,04,127,*7B Page 5/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Table 5.1-8 GSV Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPGSV Units GSV protocol header Total number of messages1 3 Message number 1 Description Range 1 to 3 1 Range 1 to 3 Satellites in view 12 Satellite ID 28 Elevation 81 degrees Channel 1 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 285 degrees Channel 1 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 42 dB-Hz Channel 1 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Satellite ID 20 Elevation 51 degrees Channel 4 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 077 degrees Channel 4 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 46 dB-Hz Channel 4 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Checksum *73 Channel 1 (Range 01 to 196) Channel 4 (Range 01 to 196) <CR> <LF> End of message termination 1. Depending on the number of satellites tracked multiple messages of GSV data may be required. RMC---Recommended Minimum Specific GPS Data Table 5.1-9 contains the values for the following example: $GPRMC,053740.000,A,2503.6319,N,12136.0099,E,2.69,79.65,100106,,,A*53 Table 5.1-9 RMC Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPRMC RMC protocol header UTC Time 053740.000 hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Latitude 2503.6319 ddmm.mmmm N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12136.0099 dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Speed over ground 2.69 knots Course over ground 79.65 degrees Date 100106 Description True ddmmyy degrees Magnetic variation Variation sense Mode Units E=east or W=west (Not shown) A A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator Page 6/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Checksum *53 <CR> <LF> End of message termination VTG---Course Over Ground and Ground Speed Table 5.1-10 contains the values for the following example: $GPVTG,79.65,T,,M,2.69,N,5.0,K,A*38 Table 5.1-10 VTG Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPVTG Course over ground 79.65 Reference T Units VTG protocol header degrees Reference M Speed over ground 2.69 Units N Speed over ground 5.0 Units K Mode A Checksum *38 Measured heading True degrees Course over ground Description Measured heading Magnetic knots Measured speed Knots km/hr Measured speed Kilometer per hour A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator <CR> <LF> End of message termination 5.2 Proprietary NMEA input/output message Please refer to MTK proprietary message. 5.3 Examples to configure the power mode of GPS module The GPS module supports different power modes that user can configure by issuing software commands. 5.3.1 Standby mode User can issue software command to make GPS module go into standby mode that consumes less than 200uA current. GPS module will be awaked when receiving any byte. The following flow chart is an example to make GPS module go into standby mode and then wake up. Page 7/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Start GPS module is powered on and in normal operation mode Change GPS to standby mode Wake up GPS module unsigned char StandbyMode[] = {"$PMTK161,0*28\x0D\x0A"}; Yes Issue any byte to wake up GPS module No GPS module will return {"$PMTK010,002*2D\x0D\x0A"} and start normal operation. End 5.3.2 Periodic mode When GPS module is commanded to periodic mode, it will be in operation and standby periodically. Its status of power consumption is as below chart. The following flow chart is an example to make GPS module go into periodic mode Page 8/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ and then back to normal operation mode. Start GPS module is powered on Change GPS to periodic mode with 3000ms on and 12000ms standby if position fix is available, otherwise (18000, 72000) ms will be applied. unsigned char PeriodicMode[] = {"$PMTK225,2,3000,12000,18000,72000*15\x0D\x0A"}; Note: minimum on time is 2000ms. maximum standby time is 518400000ms (6 days) GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. Set GPS to normal operation mode? Yes GPS is in standby now Yes Issue any byte to GPS and wait it awake No No Issue command of normal operation mode unsigned char NormalMode[] = {"$PMTK225,0*2B\x0D\x0A"}; GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. End GPS is in periodic mode End GPS is in normal mode 5.3.3 AlwaysLocateTM mode AlwaysLocateTM is an intelligent controller of periodic mode. Depending on the environment and motion conditions, GPS module can adaptively adjust working/standby time to achieve balance of positioning accuracy and power consumption. In this mode, the host CPU does not need to control GPS module until the host CPU needs the GPS position data. The following flow chart is an example to make GPS module go into AlwaysLocateTm mode and then back to normal operation mode. Page 9/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Note: AlwaysLocateTM is a trade mark of MTK. Start GPS module is powered on Change GPS to AlwaysLocate mode unsigned char AlwaysLocateMode[] = {"$PMTK225,8*23\x0D\x0A"}; Yes GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. Request a GPS position data No Yes Issue any byte to get GPS position data No Set GPS to normal operation mode? Change GPS back to AlwaysLocate mode Yes Issue any byte to GPS and wait it awake No Set GPS to normal operation mode unsigned char NormalMode[] = {"$PMTK225,0*2B\x0D\x0A"}; End GPS is in normal mode 5.4 Data logger The GPS module has internal flash memory for logging GPS data. The configurations Page 10/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ include time interval, distance, speed, logging mode, and … etc. For more information, please contact us. 5.5 Examples to configure the update rate of GPS module The GPS module supports up to 10Hz update rate that user can configure by issuing software commands. Note that the configurations by software commands are stored in the battery-backed SRAM that is powered through VBACKUP pin. Once it drains out, the default/factory settings will be applied. Due to the transmitting capacity per second of the current baud rate, GPS module has to be changed to higher baud rate for high update rate of position fix. The user can use the following software commands to change baud rate. Baud rate Software command Factory default $PMTK251,0*28<CR><LF> 4800 $PMTK251,4800*14<CR><LF> 9600 $PMTK251,9600*17<CR><LF> 19200 $PMTK251,19200*22<CR><LF> 38400 $PMTK251,38400*27<CR><LF> 57600 $PMTK251,57600*2C<CR><LF> 115200 $PMTK251,115200*1F<CR><LF> Note: <CR> means Carriage Return, i.e. 0x0D in hexadecimal. <LF> means Line Feed, i.e. 0x0A in hexadecimal. If the user does not want to change baud rate, you can reduce the output NMEA sentences by the following software commands. NMEA sentence Software command Factory default $PMTK314,-1*04<CR><LF> Only GLL at 1Hz $PMTK314,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only RMC at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only VTG at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GGA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GSA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GSV at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only ZDA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0*29<CR><LF> RMC, GGA, GSA at 1Hz and GSV at $PMTK314,0,1,0,1,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*2C<CR><LF> 0.2Hz If the command is correct and executed, GPS module will output message Page 11/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ $PMTK001,314,3*36<CR><LF> After the GPS module is changed to higher baud rate or reduced NMEA sentence, the user can configure it to high update rate of position fix by the following commands. Interval of position fix Software command (1) Every 100ms (10Hz) $PMTK220,100*2F<CR><LF> Every 200ms (5Hz) $PMTK220,200*2C<CR><LF> Every 500ms (2Hz) $PMTK220,500*2B<CR><LF> Every 1000ms (1Hz) $PMTK220,1000*1F<CR><LF> (2) Every 2000ms (0.5Hz) $PMTK220,2000*1C<CR><LF> If the command is correct and executed, GPS module will output message $PMTK001,220,3*30<CR><LF> Note 1: The minimum interval of position fix is 100ms, i.e. the maximum update rate is 10Hz. Note 2: The current consumption is the same with the update rate of 1Hz. 5.6 Configure the static navigation parameter The output position of GPS module will keep the same and output speed will be zero if the actual speed is below the threshold of the static navigation parameter. This is useful for different applications. For example, the car stopped at a red light will get stationary GPS position if the threshold is 1.5m/s. It is better to disable this function by setting threshold to 0 for pedestrian navigation. The format of the software command is as below. $PMTK386,speed threshold*checksum<CR><LF> The unit of speed threshold is meter per second. The range of speed threshold is from 0.1m/s to 2.0m/s. Value 0 is to disable the function. Page 12/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Start Change static navigation to 1.5m/s threshold unsigned char SpeedThreshold1_5[] = {"$PMTK386,1.5*39\x0D\x0A"}; GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,386,3*3D\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. Disable static navigation function? Yes Set 0 threshold unsigned char SpeedThreshold0[] = {"$PMTK386,0*23\x0D\x0A"}; No GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,386,3*3D\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. End Page 13/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 6 Pin assignment and descriptions Table 6-1 Pin descriptions Pin # Name Type Description 1 VCC P DC supply voltage 2 GND P Ground 3 RX I Serial input (Default NMEA) 4 TX O Serial output (Default NMEA) 5 GND P Ground 6 GND P Ground 7 RF_IN I GPS RF signal input 8 GND P Ground 9 V_BCKP P Backup battery supply voltage This pin must be powered to enable the module. Note 1 Reset input pin. 10 /RESET I Active at “L” input. Internal pulled up via a resistor. If this pin is not used, leave it floating. <Note> 1. In order to get the advantage of hybrid ephemeris prediction, this pin must be always powered during the period of effective ephemeris prediction. Page 14/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 7 DC & Temperature characteristics 7.1 Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Symbol Ratings Units VCC 4.3 V Input Backup Battery Voltage V_BCKP 4.3 Operating Temperature Range Topr -40 ~ 85 V ℃ Storage Temperature Range Tstg -40 ~ 85 ℃ Input Voltage 7.2 DC Electrical characteristics Parameter Input Voltage Input Backup Battery Voltage Symbol Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units VCC 3.0 3.3 4.3 V V_BCKP 2.0 4.3 V 75(1) VCC = 3.3V, w/o active antenna, Peak Acquisition Tracking Standby 19 17(2) 190 mA mA mA uA VIN = 0V 6 uA Supply Current Iss Backup Battery Current Ibat High Level Input Voltage VI H 2.0 3.6 V Low Level Input Voltage VI L -0.3 0.8 V High Level Input Current IIH no pull-up or down -1 1 uA Low Level Input Current IIL no pull-up or down -1 1 uA High Level Output Voltage VOH 2.4 3.3 V Low Level Output Voltage VOL 0.4 V High Level Output Current IOH 2 mA Low Level Output Current IOL 2 mA Note 1. This happens when downloading AGPS data to MC-1108. Note 2. Measured when position fix (1Hz) is available, input voltage is 3.3V and the function of self-generated ephemeris prediction is inactive. For different input voltage, the current consumption is as below chart. This is because MC-1108 has a built-in DC/DC converter. Page 15/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Input Voltage (VIN) vs. current (Iss) Current (mA) 18 17 16 15 14 2.7 3 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 Input voltage (V) 7.3 Temperature characteristics Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Operating Temperature Topr -40 - 85 ℃ Storage Temperature Tstg -40 25 85 ℃ Page 16/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 8 Mechanical specification 8.1 Outline dimensions 8.2 Recommended land pattern dimensions Page 17/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ 9 Reel Packing information Page 18/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com/ Document change list Revision 0.1 Preliminary. Page 19/19 © 2013 LOCOSYS Technology Inc.