PCF8576D
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
Product data sheet
1. General description
The PCF8576D is a peripheral device which interfaces to almost any Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD)1 with low multiplex rates. It generates the drive signals for any static or
multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 40 segments. It can be easily
cascaded for larger LCD applications. The PCF8576D is compatible with most
microcontrollers and communicates via the two-line bidirectional I2C-bus. Communication
overheads are minimized by a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing, by
hardware subaddressing and by display memory switching (static and duplex drive
modes).
• PCF8576DT/2 should not be used for new design-ins. Replacement part is
PCF85176T/1 for industrial applications
• PCF8576DT/S400/2 should not be used for new design-ins. Replacement part is
PCA85176T/Q900/1 for automotive applications
For a selection of NXP LCD segment drivers, see Table 30 on page 50.
2. Features and benefits
1.
AEC-Q100 compliant (PCF8576DT/S400/2) for automotive applications
Single chip LCD controller and driver
Selectable backplane drive configuration: static or 2, 3, 4 backplane multiplexing
Selectable display bias configuration: static, 1⁄2, or 1⁄3
Internal LCD bias generation with voltage-follower buffers
40 segment drives:
Up to 20 7-segment numeric characters
Up to 10 14-segment alphanumeric characters
Any graphics of up to 160 segments/elements
40 4-bit RAM for display data storage
Auto-incremented display data loading across device subaddress boundaries
Display memory bank switching in static and duplex drive modes
Versatile blinking modes
Independent supplies possible for LCD and logic voltages
Wide power supply range: from 1.8 V to 5.5 V
Wide logic LCD supply range:
From 2.5 V for low-threshold LCDs
Up to 6.5 V for high-threshold twisted nematic LCDs
The definition of the abbreviations and acronyms used in this data sheet can be found in Section 22.
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Low power consumption
400 kHz I2C-bus interface
May be cascaded for large LCD applications (up to 2560 segments/elements possible)
No external components required
Compatible with chip-on-glass and chip-on-board technology
Manufactured in silicon gate CMOS process
3. Ordering information
Table 1.
Ordering information
Product type number
Package
Name
Description
Version
PCF8576DT/2[1]
TSSOP56
plastic thin shrink small outline package, 56 leads;
body width 6.1 mm
SOT364-1
PCF8576DT/S400/2[2]
TSSOP56
plastic thin shrink small outline package, 56 leads;
body width 6.1 mm
SOT364-1
PCF8576DU/DA/2
wire bond die
59 bonding pads
PCF8576DU/DA
PCF8576DU/2DA/2
bare die
59 bumps
PCF8576DU/2DA
[1]
Not to be used for new designs. Replacement part is PCF85176T/1 for industrial applications.
[2]
Not to be used for new designs. Replacement part is PCA85176T/Q900/1 for automotive applications.
3.1 Ordering options
Table 2.
Ordering options
Product type number
Orderable part number Sales item
(12NC)
Delivery form
IC
revision
PCF8576DT/2
PCF8576DT/2,118
935276166118
tape and reel, 13 inch
2
PCF8576DT/S400/2
PCF8576DT/S400/2,1
935287131118
tape and reel, 13 inch
2
PCF8576DU/DA/2
PCF8576DU/DA/2,026
935276239026
chips in tray
2
PCF8576DU/2DA/2
PCF8576DU/2DA/2,02
935276249026
chips in tray
2
4. Marking
Table 3.
Marking codes
Product type number
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Marking code
PCF8576DT/2
PCF8576DT
PCF8576DT/S400/2
PCF8576DT/S400
PCF8576DU/DA/2
PC8576D-2
PCF8576DU/2DA/2
PC8576D-2
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
2 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
5. Block diagram
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Block diagram of PCF8576D
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
3 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
6. Pinning information
6.1 Pinning
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Top view. For mechanical details, see Figure 25.
Fig 2.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Pinning diagram for PCF8576DT (TSSOP56)
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
4 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
6
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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Viewed from active side. C1 and C2 are alignment marks. For mechanical details, see Figure 26
and Figure 27.
Fig 3.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Pinning diagram for PCF8576DU (bare die)
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
5 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
6.2 Pin description
Table 4.
Pin description
Input or input/output pins must always be at a defined level (VSS or VDD) unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Product data sheet
Description
PCF8576DT
PCF8576DU
SDA
44
1, 58, 59
I2C-bus serial data input and output
SCL
45
2, 3
I2C-bus serial clock input
CLK
47
5
external clock input or output
VDD
48
6
supply voltage
SYNC
46
4
cascade synchronization input or output; if
not used it must be left open
OSC
49
7
internal oscillator enable input
A0 to A2
50 to 52
8 to 10
subaddress inputs
SA0
53
11
I2C-bus address input; bit 0
VSS
54
12[1]
ground supply voltage
VLCD
55
13
LCD supply voltage
BP0, BP2,
BP1, BP3
56, 1, 2, 3
14 to 17
LCD backplane outputs
S0 to S39
4 to 43
18 to 57
LCD segment outputs
n.c.
-
-
not connected
[1]
PCF8576D
Pin
The substrate (rear side of the die) is connected to VSS and should be electrically isolated.
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
6 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7. Functional description
The PCF8576D is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface between any
microcontroller to a wide variety of LCD segment or dot matrix displays (see Figure 4). It
can directly drive any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to
40 segments.
The possible display configurations of the PCF8576D depend on the number of active
backplane outputs required. A selection of display configurations is shown in Table 5. All
of these configurations can be implemented in the typical system shown in Figure 5.
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Fig 4.
Example of displays suitable for PCF8576D
Table 5.
Selection of possible display configurations
Number of
Backplanes
4
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Icons
160
Digits/Characters
7-segment[1]
14-segment[2]
Dot matrix:
segments/
elements
20
10
160 (4 40)
3
120
15
7
120 (3 40)
2
80
10
5
80 (2 40)
1
40
5
2
40 (1 40)
[1]
7 segment display has 8 segments/elements including the decimal point.
[2]
14 segment display has 16 segments/elements including decimal point and accent dot.
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
7 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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The resistance of the power lines must be kept to a minimum.
For chip-on-glass applications, due to the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) track resistance, each supply line
must be routed separately between the chip and the connector.
Fig 5.
Typical system configuration
The host microcontroller maintains the 2-line I2C-bus communication channel with the
PCF8576D. The internal oscillator is enabled by connecting pin OSC to pin VSS. The
appropriate biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally.
The only other connections required to complete the system are to the power supplies
(VDD, VSS, and VLCD) and the LCD panel chosen for the application.
7.1 Power-On Reset (POR)
At power-on the PCF8576D resets to the following starting conditions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
All backplane and segment outputs are set to VLCD
The selected drive mode is: 1:4 multiplex with 1⁄3 bias
Blinking is switched off
Input and output bank selectors are reset
The I2C-bus interface is initialized
The data pointer and the subaddress counter are cleared (set to logic 0)
The display is disabled (bit E = 0, see Table 12)
Remark: Do not transfer data on the I2C-bus for at least 1 ms after a power-on to allow
the reset action to complete.
7.2 LCD bias generator
Fractional LCD biasing voltages are obtained from an internal voltage divider of three
impedances connected between pins VLCD and VSS. The center impedance is bypassed
by switch if the 1⁄2 bias voltage level for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode configuration is
selected. The LCD voltage can be temperature compensated externally using the supply
to pin VLCD.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
8 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.3 LCD voltage selector
The LCD voltage selector coordinates the multiplexing of the LCD in accordance with the
selected LCD drive configuration. The operation of the voltage selector is controlled by the
mode-set command from the command decoder. The biasing configurations that apply to
the preferred modes of operation, together with the biasing characteristics as functions of
VLCD and the resulting discrimination ratios (D) are given in Table 6.
Discrimination is a term which is defined as the ratio of the on and off RMS voltage across
a segment. It can be thought of as a measurement of contrast.
Table 6.
Biasing characteristics
LCD drive
mode
Number of:
LCD bias
Backplanes Levels configuration
V off RMS
------------------------V LCD
V on RMS
-----------------------V LCD
V on RMS
D = -----------------------V off RMS
static
1
2
static
0
1
3
1⁄
2
0.354
0.791
2.236
1:2 multiplex 2
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.745
2.236
1:3 multiplex 3
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.638
1.915
1:4 multiplex 4
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.577
1.732
1:2 multiplex 2
A practical value for VLCD is determined by equating Voff(RMS) with a defined LCD
threshold voltage (Vth(off)), typically when the LCD exhibits approximately 10 % contrast. In
the static drive mode a suitable choice is VLCD > 3Vth(off).
Multiplex drive modes of 1:3 and 1:4 with 1⁄2 bias are possible but the discrimination and
hence the contrast ratios are smaller.
1
Bias is calculated by ------------- , where the values for a are
1+a
a = 1 for 1⁄2 bias
a = 2 for 1⁄3 bias
The RMS on-state voltage (Von(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 1:
V on RMS =
V LCD
a 2 + 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(1)
where the values for n are
n = 1 for static drive mode
n = 2 for 1:2 multiplex drive mode
n = 3 for 1:3 multiplex drive mode
n = 4 for 1:4 multiplex drive mode
The RMS off-state voltage (Voff(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 2:
V off RMS =
V LCD
a 2 – 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(2)
Discrimination is the ratio of Von(RMS) to Voff(RMS) and is determined from Equation 3:
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
9 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
V on RMS
D = ----------------------- =
V off RMS
2
a + 2a + n
--------------------------2
a – 2a + n
(3)
Using Equation 3, the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:3 multiplex with
1⁄
2
bias is
1⁄
2
21
bias is ---------- = 1.528 .
3
3 = 1.732 and the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:4 multiplex with
The advantage of these LCD drive modes is a reduction of the LCD full scale voltage VLCD
as follows:
• 1:3 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD =
6 V off RMS = 2.449V off RMS
4 3
- = 2.309V off RMS
• 1:4 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD = --------------------3
These compare with V LCD = 3V off RMS when 1⁄3 bias is used.
It should be noted that VLCD is sometimes referred as the LCD operating voltage.
7.3.1 Electro-optical performance
Suitable values for Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are dependent on the LCD liquid used. The
RMS voltage, at which a pixel will be switched on or off, determine the transmissibility of
the pixel.
For any given liquid, there are two threshold values defined. One point is at 10 % relative
transmission (at Vth(off)) and the other at 90 % relative transmission (at Vth(on)), see
Figure 6. For a good contrast performance, the following rules should be followed:
V on RMS V th on
(4)
V off RMS V th off
(5)
Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are properties of the display driver and are affected by the selection
of a, n (see Equation 1 to Equation 3) and the VLCD voltage.
Vth(off) and Vth(on) are properties of the LCD liquid and can be provided by the module
manufacturer. Vth(off) is sometimes just named Vth. Vth(on) is sometimes named saturation
voltage Vsat.
It is important to match the module properties to those of the driver in order to achieve
optimum performance.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
10 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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Fig 6.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Electro-optical characteristic: relative transmission curve of the liquid
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.4 LCD drive mode waveforms
7.4.1 Static drive mode
The static LCD drive mode is used when a single backplane is provided in the LCD. The
backplane (BPn) and segment drive (Sn) waveforms for this mode are shown in Figure 7.
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(1) Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
(2) Von(RMS) = VLCD.
(3) Vstate2(t) = VSn+1(t) VBP0(t).
(4) Voff(RMS) = 0 V.
Fig 7.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Static drive mode waveforms
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
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12 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.4.2 1:2 Multiplex drive mode
The 1:2 multiplex drive mode is used when two backplanes are provided in the LCD. This
mode allows fractional LCD bias voltages of 1⁄2 bias or 1⁄3 bias as shown in Figure 8 and
Figure 9.
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(1) Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
(2) Von(RMS) = 0.791VLCD.
(3) Vstate2(t) = VSn+1(t) VBP1(t).
(4) Voff(RMS) = 0.354VLCD.
Fig 8.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄2 bias
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
13 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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(1) Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
(2) Von(RMS) = 0.745VLCD.
(3) Vstate2(t) = VSn+1(t) VBP1(t).
(4) Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 9.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.4.3 1:3 Multiplex drive mode
When three backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:3 multiplex drive mode applies
(see Figure 10).
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(1) Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
(2) Von(RMS) = 0.638VLCD.
(3) Vstate2(t) = VSn+1(t) VBP1(t).
(4) Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 10. Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
15 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.4.4 1:4 Multiplex drive mode
When four backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:4 multiplex drive mode applies (see
Figure 11).
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(1) Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
(2) Von(RMS) = 0.577VLCD.
(3) Vstate2(t) = VSn+1(t) VBP1(t).
(4) Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 11. Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
16 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.5 Oscillator
7.5.1 Internal clock
The internal logic of the PCF8576D and its LCD drive signals are timed either by its
internal oscillator or by an external clock. The internal oscillator is enabled by connecting
pin OSC to pin VSS. If the internal oscillator is used, the output from pin CLK can be used
as the clock signal for several PCF8576Ds in the system that are connected in cascade.
7.5.2 External clock
Pin CLK is enabled as an external clock input by connecting pin OSC to VDD. The LCD
frame signal frequency is determined by the clock frequency (fclk).
Remark: A clock signal must always be supplied to the device; removing the clock may
freeze the LCD in a DC state, which is not suitable for the liquid crystal.
7.6 Timing
The PCF8576D timing controls the internal data flow of the device. This includes the
transfer of display data from the display RAM to the display segment outputs. In cascaded
applications, the correct timing relationship between each PCF8576D in the system is
maintained by the synchronization signal at pin SYNC. The timing also generates the LCD
frame signal whose frequency is derived from the clock frequency. The frame signal
frequency is a fixed division of the clock frequency from either the internal or an external
f clk
clock: f fr = ------- .
24
7.7 Display register
The display latch holds the display data while the corresponding multiplex signals are
generated.
7.8 Segment outputs
The LCD drive section includes 40 segment outputs S0 to S39 which should be
connected directly to the LCD. The segment output signals are generated in accordance
with the multiplexed backplane signals and with data residing in the display latch. When
less than 40 segment outputs are required, the unused segment outputs should be left
open-circuit.
7.9 Backplane outputs
The LCD drive section includes four backplane outputs BP0 to BP3 which must be
connected directly to the LCD. The backplane output signals are generated in accordance
with the selected LCD drive mode. If less than four backplane outputs are required, the
unused outputs can be left open-circuit.
PCF8576D
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PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
• In 1:3 multiplex drive mode, BP3 carries the same signal as BP1, therefore these two
adjacent outputs can be tied together to give enhanced drive capabilities.
• In 1:2 multiplex drive mode, BP0 and BP2, respectively, BP1 and BP3 all carry the
same signals and may also be paired to increase the drive capabilities.
• In static drive mode the same signal is carried by all four backplane outputs and they
can be connected in parallel for very high drive requirements.
7.10 Display RAM
The display RAM is a static 40 4-bit RAM which stores LCD data.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between
• the bits in the RAM bitmap and the LCD segments/elements
• the RAM columns and the segment outputs
• the RAM rows and the backplane outputs.
A logic 1 in the RAM bitmap indicates the on-state of the corresponding LCD element;
similarly, a logic 0 indicates the off-state.
The display RAM bit map, Figure 12, shows the rows 0 to 3 which correspond with the
backplane outputs BP0 to BP3, and the columns 0 to 39 which correspond with the
segment outputs S0 to S39. In multiplexed LCD applications the segment data of the first,
second, third and fourth row of the display RAM are time-multiplexed with BP0, BP1, BP2,
and BP3 respectively.
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The display RAM bitmap shows the direct relationship between the display RAM column and the
segment outputs; and between the bits in a RAM row and the backplane outputs.
Fig 12. Display RAM bit map
When display data is transmitted to the PCF8576D, the received display bytes are stored
in the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. The data is stored as
it arrives and depending on the current multiplex drive mode the bits are stored singularly,
in pairs, triples, or quadruples. To illustrate the filling order, an example of a 7-segment
display showing all drive modes is given in Figure 13; the RAM filling organization
depicted applies equally to other LCD types.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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PCF8576D
19 of 59
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
The following applies to Figure 13:
• In static drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed into row 0 as one byte.
• In 1:2 multiplex drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in pairs into
row 0 and 1 as four successive 2-bit RAM words.
• In 1:3 multiplex drive mode the eight bits are placed in triples into row 0, 1, and 2 as
three successive 3-bit RAM words, with bit 3 of the third address left unchanged. It is
not recommended to use this bit in a display because of the difficult addressing. This
last bit may, if necessary, be controlled by an additional transfer to this address, but
care should be taken to avoid overwriting adjacent data because always full bytes are
transmitted (see Section 7.10.3).
• In 1:4 multiplex drive mode, the eight transmitted data bits are placed in quadruples
into row 0, 1, 2, and 3 as two successive 4-bit RAM words.
7.10.1 Data pointer
The addressing mechanism for the display RAM is realized using the data pointer. This
allows the loading of an individual display data byte, or a series of display data bytes, into
any location of the display RAM. The sequence commences with the initialization of the
data pointer by the load-data-pointer command (see Table 13). Following this command,
an arriving data byte is stored at the display RAM address indicated by the data pointer.
The filling order is shown in Figure 13. After each byte is stored, the content of the data
pointer is automatically incremented by a value dependent on the selected LCD drive
mode:
•
•
•
•
In static drive mode by eight.
In 1:2 multiplex drive mode by four.
In 1:3 multiplex drive mode by three.
In 1:4 multiplex drive mode by two.
If an I2C-bus data access terminates early then the state of the data pointer is unknown.
Consequently, the data pointer must be rewritten prior to further RAM accesses.
7.10.2 Subaddress counter
The storage of display data is determined by the contents of the subaddress counter.
Storage is allowed only when the content of the subaddress counter match with the
hardware subaddress applied to A0, A1, and A2. The subaddress counter value is defined
by the device-select command (see Table 14). If the content of the subaddress counter
and the hardware subaddress do not match then data storage is inhibited but the data
pointer is incremented as if data storage had taken place. The subaddress counter is also
incremented when the data pointer overflows.
The storage arrangements described lead to extremely efficient data loading in cascaded
applications. When a series of display bytes are sent to the display RAM, automatic
wrap-over to the next PCF8576D occurs when the last RAM address is exceeded.
Subaddressing across device boundaries is successful even if the change to the next
device in the cascade occurs within a transmitted character.
The hardware subaddress must not be changed while the device is being accessed on the
I2C-bus interface.
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.10.3 RAM writing in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
In 1:3 multiplex drive mode, the RAM is written as shown in Table 7 (see Figure 13 as
well).
Table 7.
Standard RAM filling in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
Assumption: BP2/S2, BP2/S5, BP2/S8 etc. are not connected to any segments/elements on the
display.
Display RAM
bits (rows)/
backplane
outputs (BPn)
Display RAM addresses (columns)/segment outputs (Sn)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
0
a7
a4
a1
b7
b4
b1
c7
c4
c1
d7
:
1
a6
a3
a0
b6
b3
b0
c6
c3
c0
d6
:
2
a5
a2
-
b5
b2
-
c5
c2
-
d5
:
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
:
If the bit at position BP2/S2 would be written by a second byte transmitted, then the
mapping of the segment bits would change as illustrated in Table 8.
Table 8.
Entire RAM filling by rewriting in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
Assumption: BP2/S2, BP2/S5, BP2/S8 etc. are connected to segments/elements on the display.
Display RAM
bits (rows)/
backplane
outputs (BPn)
Display RAM addresses (columns)/segment outputs (Sn)
0
1
2
0
a7
a4
a1/b7 b4
b1/c7 c4
c1/d7 d4
d1/e7 e4
:
1
a6
a3
a0/b6 b3
b0/c6 c3
c0/d6 d3
d0/e6 e3
:
2
a5
a2
b5
b2
c5
c2
d5
d2
e5
e2
:
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
:
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
In the case described in Table 8 the RAM has to be written entirely and BP2/S2, BP2/S5,
BP2/S8 etc. have to be connected to segments/elements on the display. This can be
achieved by a combination of writing and rewriting the RAM like follows:
• In the first write to the RAM, bits a7 to a0 are written.
• In the second write, bits b7 to b0 are written, overwriting bits a1 and a0 with bits b7
and b6.
• In the third write, bits c7 to c0 are written, overwriting bits b1 and b0 with bits c7 and
c6.
Depending on the method of writing to the RAM (standard or entire filling by rewriting),
some segments/elements remain unused or can be used, but it has to be considered in
the module layout process as well as in the driver software design.
7.10.4 Writing over the RAM address boundary
In all multiplex drive modes, depending on the setting of the data pointer, it is possible to
fill the RAM over the RAM address boundary. If the PCF8576D is part of a cascade the
additional bits fall into the next device that also generates the acknowledge signal. If the
PCF8576D is a single device or the last device in a cascade the additional bits will be
discarded and no acknowledge signal will be generated.
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.10.5 Output bank selector
The output bank selector (see Table 15) selects one of the four rows per display RAM
address for transfer to the display register. The actual row selected depends on the
selected LCD drive mode in operation and on the instant in the multiplex sequence.
• In 1:4 multiplex mode, all RAM addresses of row 0 are selected, these are followed by
the contents of row 1, 2, and then 3
• In 1:3 multiplex mode, rows 0, 1, and 2 are selected sequentially
• In 1:2 multiplex mode, rows 0 and 1 are selected
• In static mode, row 0 is selected
The PCF8576D includes a RAM bank switching feature in the static and 1:2 multiplex
drive modes. In the static drive mode, the bank-select command may request the contents
of row 2 to be selected for display instead of the contents of row 0. In the 1:2 multiplex
mode, the contents of rows 2 and 3 may be selected instead of rows 0 and 1. This gives
the provision for preparing display information in an alternative bank and to be able to
switch to it once it is assembled.
7.10.6 Input bank selector
The input bank selector loads display data into the display RAM in accordance with the
selected LCD drive configuration. Display data can be loaded in row 2 in static drive mode
or in rows 2 and 3 in 1:2 multiplex drive mode by using the bank-select command (see
Table 15). The input bank selector functions independently to the output bank selector.
7.11 Blinking
The display blinking capabilities of the PCF8576D are very versatile. The whole display
can blink at frequencies selected by the blink-select command (see Table 16). The blink
frequencies are derived from the clock frequency. The ratio between the clock and blink
frequencies depends on the blink mode selected (see Table 16).
An additional feature is for an arbitrary selection of LCD segments/elements to blink. This
applies to the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes and can be implemented without any
communication overheads. By means of the output bank selector, the displayed RAM
banks are exchanged with alternate RAM banks at the blink frequency. This mode can
also be specified by the blink-select command.
In the 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex modes, where no alternative RAM bank is available, groups of
LCD segments/elements can blink by selectively changing the display RAM data at fixed
time intervals.
The entire display can blink at a frequency other than the nominal blink frequency. This
can be effectively performed by resetting and setting the display enable bit E at the
required rate using the mode-set command (see Table 12).
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 9.
Blinking frequencies
Blink mode
Normal operating mode ratio
Nominal blink frequency[1]
off
-
blinking off
1
f clk
--------768
2 Hz
2
f clk
-----------1536
1 Hz
3
f clk
-----------3072
0.5 Hz
[1]
Blink modes 1, 2 and 3 and the nominal blink frequencies 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz and 2 Hz correspond to an oscillator
frequency (fclk) of 1536 Hz (see Section 13).
7.12 Command decoder
The command decoder identifies command bytes that arrive on the I2C-bus. The
commands available to the PCF8576D are defined in Table 10.
Table 10.
Definition of PCF8576D commands
Command
Operation code
Reference
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
mode-set
C
1
0
-[1]
E
B
M[1:0]
load-data-pointer
C
0
P[5:0]
device-select
C
1
1
0
0
A[2:0]
bank-select
C
1
1
1
1
0
I
blink-select
C
1
1
1
0
AB
BF[1:0]
[1]
0
Table 12
Table 13
Table 14
O
Table 15
Table 16
Not used.
All available commands carry a continuation bit C in their most significant bit position as
shown in Figure 19. When this bit is set logic 1, it indicates that the next byte of the
transfer to arrive will also represent a command. If this bit is set logic 0, it indicates that
the command byte is the last in the transfer. Further bytes will be regarded as display data
(see Table 11).
Table 11.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
C bit description
Bit
Symbol
7
C
Value
Description
continue bit
0
last control byte in the transfer; next byte will be regarded
as display data
1
control bytes continue; next byte will be a command too
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Table 12.
Mode-set command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 11
6, 5
-
10
fixed value
4
-
-
unused
3
E
display status[1]
0[2]
disabled (blank)[3]
1
2
enabled
LCD bias configuration[4]
B
1 to 0
0[2]
1⁄
3
bias
1
1⁄
2
bias
M[1:0]
LCD drive mode selection
01
static; BP0
10
1:2 multiplex; BP0, BP1
11
1:3 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2
00[2]
1:4 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2, BP3
[1]
The possibility to disable the display allows implementation of blinking under external control.
[2]
Default value.
[3]
The display is disabled by setting all backplane and segment outputs to VLCD.
[4]
Not applicable for static drive mode.
Table 13. Load-data-pointer command bit description
See Section 7.10.1.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 11
6
-
0
fixed value
P[5:0]
000000[1]
5 to 0
100111
[1]
to 6 bit binary value, 0 to 39; transferred to the data pointer to
define one of forty display RAM addresses
Default value.
Table 14. Device-select command bit description
See Section 7.10.2.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 11
6 to 3
-
1100
fixed value
A[2:0]
000[1]
2 to 0
[1]
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
to 111 3 bit binary value, 0 to 7; transferred to the subaddress
counter to define one of eight hardware subaddresses
Default value.
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 15. Bank-select command bit description
See Section 7.10.5 and Section 7.10.6.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
Static
7
C
0, 1
see Table 11
6 to 2
-
11110
fixed value
1
I
0
1:2 multiplex[1]
input bank selection; storage of arriving display data
0[2]
RAM row 0
RAM rows 0 and 1
1
RAM row 2
RAM rows 2 and 3
O
output bank selection; retrieval of LCD display data
0[2]
RAM row 0
RAM rows 0 and 1
1
RAM row 2
RAM rows 2 and 3
[1]
The bank-select command has no effect in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes.
[2]
Default value.
Table 16. Blink-select command bit description
See Section 7.11.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 11
6 to 3
-
1110
fixed value
2
AB
1 to 0
blink mode selection
0[2]
normal blinking[1]
1
alternate RAM bank blinking[3]
BF[1:0]
blink frequency selection
00[2]
off
01
1
10
2
11
3
[1]
Normal blinking is assumed when the LCD multiplex drive modes 1:3 or 1:4 are selected.
[2]
Default value.
[3]
Alternate RAM bank blinking does not apply in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes.
7.13 Display controller
The display controller executes the commands identified by the command decoder. It
contains the device’s status registers and coordinates their effects. The display controller
is also responsible for loading display data into the display RAM in the correct filling order.
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
8. Characteristics of the I2C-bus
The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules.
The two lines are a Serial DAta line (SDA) and a Serial CLock line (SCL). Both lines must
be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output
stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy.
8.1 Bit transfer
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain
stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time
will be interpreted as a control signal (see Figure 14).
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Fig 14. Bit transfer
8.2 START and STOP conditions
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy.
A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START
condition - S.
A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP
condition - P.
The START and STOP conditions are illustrated in Figure 15.
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Fig 15. Definition of START and STOP conditions
8.3 System configuration
A device generating a message is a transmitter, a device receiving a message is the
receiver. The device that controls the message is the master and the devices which are
controlled by the master are the slaves. The system configuration is shown in Figure 16.
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PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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Fig 16. System configuration
8.4 Acknowledge
The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from
transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge
cycle.
• A slave receiver, which is addressed, must generate an acknowledge after the
reception of each byte.
• A master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that
has been clocked out of the slave transmitter.
• The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge
clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the
acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into
consideration).
• A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an
acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the
transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP
condition.
Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is illustrated in Figure 17.
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Fig 17. Acknowledgement of the I2C-bus
PCF8576D
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PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
8.5 I2C-bus controller
The PCF8576D acts as an I2C-bus slave receiver. It does not initiate I2C-bus transfers or
transmit data to an I2C-bus master receiver. The only data output from the PCF8576D are
the acknowledge signals of the selected devices. Device selection depends on the
I2C-bus slave address, on the transferred command data and on the hardware
subaddress.
In single device applications, the hardware subaddress inputs A0, A1, and A2 are
normally tied to VSS which defines the hardware subaddress 0. In multiple device
applications A0, A1, and A2 are tied to VSS or VDD using a binary coding scheme, so that
no two devices with a common I2C-bus slave address have the same hardware
subaddress.
8.6 Input filters
To enhance noise immunity in electrically adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are
provided on the SDA and SCL lines.
8.7 I2C-bus protocol
Two I2C-bus slave addresses (0111 000 and 0111 001) are used to address the
PCF8576D. The entire I2C-bus slave address byte is shown in Table 17.
Table 17.
I2C slave address byte
Slave address
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
MSB
0
0
LSB
1
1
1
0
0
SA0
R/W
The PCF8576D is a write-only device and will not respond to a read access, therefore bit
0 should always be logic 0. Bit 1 of the slave address byte that a PCF8576D will respond
to, is defined by the level tied to its SA0 input (VSS for logic 0 and VDD for logic 1).
Having two reserved slave addresses allows the following on the same I2C-bus:
• Up to 16 PCF8576D for very large LCD applications
• The use of two types of LCD multiplex drive
The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Figure 18. The sequence is initiated with a START
condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by one of two possible PCF8576D
slave addresses available. All PCF8576Ds whose SA0 inputs correspond to bit 0 of the
slave address respond by asserting an acknowledge in parallel. This I2C-bus transfer is
ignored by all PCF8576Ds whose SA0 inputs are set to the alternative level.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
28 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
DFNQRZOHGJH
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Fig 18. I2C-bus protocol
After an acknowledgement, one or more command bytes follow, that define the status of
each addressed PCF8576D.
The last command byte sent is identified by resetting its most significant bit, continuation
bit C, (see Figure 19). The command bytes are also acknowledged by all addressed
PCF8576D on the bus.
06%
&
/6%
5(672)23&2'(
PVD
Fig 19. Format of command byte
After the last command byte, one or more display data bytes may follow. Display data
bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer and the
subaddress counter. Both data pointer and subaddress counter are automatically updated
and the data directed to the intended PCF8576D device.
An acknowledgement after each byte is asserted only by the PCF8576Ds that are
addressed via address lines A0, A1, and A2. After the last display byte, the I2C-bus
master asserts a STOP condition (P). Alternately a START may be asserted to restart an
I2C-bus access.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
29 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
9. Internal circuitry
9''
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Fig 20. Device protection circuits
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
30 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
10. Safety notes
CAUTION
This device is sensitive to ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD). Observe precautions for handling
electrostatic sensitive devices.
Such precautions are described in the ANSI/ESD S20.20, IEC/ST 61340-5, JESD625-A or
equivalent standards.
CAUTION
Static voltages across the liquid crystal display can build up when the LCD supply voltage
(VLCD) is on while the IC supply voltage (VDD) is off, or vice versa. This may cause unwanted
display artifacts. To avoid such artifacts, VLCD and VDD must be applied or removed together.
CAUTION
Semiconductors are light sensitive. Exposure to light sources can cause the IC to
malfunction. The IC must be protected against light. The protection must be applied to all
sides of the IC.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
31 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
11. Limiting values
Table 18. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Max
Unit
VDD
supply voltage
0.5
+6.5
V
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
0.5
+7.5
V
VI
input voltage
on each of the pins CLK,
SDA, SCL, SYNC, SA0,
OSC, A0 to A2
0.5
+6.5
V
VO
output voltage
on each of the pins S0 to
S39, BP0 to BP3
0.5
+7.5
V
II
input current
10
+10
mA
IO
output current
10
+10
mA
IDD
supply current
50
+50
mA
IDD(LCD)
LCD supply current
50
+50
mA
ISS
ground supply current
50
+50
mA
Ptot
total power dissipation
-
400
mW
Po
output power
VESD
electrostatic discharge
voltage
-
100
mW
HBM
[1]
-
5000
V
MM
[2]
-
200
V
CDM
[3]
-
1500
V
-
200
mA
65
+150
C
40
+85
C
Ilu
latch-up current
[4]
Tstg
storage temperature
[5]
Tamb
ambient temperature
operating device
[1]
Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM) according to Ref. 8 “JESD22-A114”.
[2]
Pass level; Machine Model (MM), according to Ref. 9 “JESD22-A115”.
[3]
Pass level; Charged-Device Model (CDM), according to Ref. 10 “JESD22-C101”.
[4]
Pass level; latch-up testing according to Ref. 11 “JESD78” at maximum ambient temperature (Tamb(max)).
[5]
According to the store and transport requirements (see Ref. 15 “UM10569”) the devices have to be stored at a temperature of +8 C to
+45 C and a humidity of 25 % to 75 %.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
32 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
12. Static characteristics
Table 19. Static characteristics
VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Supplies
VDD
supply voltage
1.8
-
5.5
V
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
[1]
2.5
-
6.5
V
supply current
[2]
-
3.5
7
A
-
2.7
-
A
-
23
32
A
-
13
-
A
1.0
1.3
1.6
V
VSS
-
0.3VDD
V
0.7VDD
-
VDD
V
on pins CLK and SYNC
1
-
-
mA
on pin SDA
3
-
-
mA
IDD
fclk(ext) = 1536 Hz
VDD = 3.0 V; Tamb = 25 C
IDD(LCD)
LCD supply current
fclk(ext) = 1536 Hz
[2]
VDD(LCD) = 3.0 V;
Tamb = 25 C
Logic[3]
VP(POR)
power-on reset supply
voltage
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC,
A0 to A2, SA0, SCL, SDA
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC,
A0 to A2, SA0, SCL, SDA
IOL
LOW-level output current
output sink current;
VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V
[4][5]
IOH(CLK)
HIGH-level output current
on pin CLK
output source current;
VOH = 4.6 V; VDD = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
IL
leakage current
VI = VDD or VSS;
on pins CLK, SCL, SDA, A0
to A2 and SA0
1
-
+1
A
IL(OSC)
leakage current on pin
OSC
VI = VDD
1
-
+1
A
CI
input capacitance
-
-
7
pF
100
-
+100
mV
on pins BP0 to BP3
-
1.5
-
k
on pins S0 to S39
-
6.0
-
k
[6]
LCD outputs
VO
output voltage variation
on pins BP0 to BP3 and
S0 to S39
RO
output resistance
VLCD = 5 V
[7]
[1]
VLCD > 3 V for 1⁄3 bias.
[2]
LCD outputs are open-circuit; inputs at VSS or VDD; external clock with 50 % duty factor; I2C-bus inactive.
[3]
The I2C-bus interface of PCF8576D is 5 V tolerant.
[4]
When tested, I2C pins SCL and SDA have no diode to VDD and may be driven to the VI limiting values given in Table 18.
[5]
Propagation delay of driver between clock (CLK) and LCD driving signals.
[6]
Periodically sampled, not 100 % tested.
[7]
Outputs measured one at a time.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
33 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
13. Dynamic characteristics
Table 20. Dynamic characteristics
VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Clock
[1]
fclk(int)
internal clock frequency
1440
1850
2640
Hz
fclk(ext)
external clock frequency
960
-
2640
Hz
tclk(H)
HIGH-level clock time
60
-
-
s
tclk(L)
LOW-level clock time
60
-
-
s
-
30
-
ns
1
-
-
s
-
-
30
s
Synchronization
tPD(SYNC_N) SYNC propagation delay
tSYNC_NL
tPD(drv)
SYNC LOW time
driver propagation delay
VLCD = 5 V
[2]
I2C-bus[3]
Pin SCL
fSCL
SCL clock frequency
-
-
400
kHz
tLOW
LOW period of the SCL
clock
1.3
-
-
s
tHIGH
HIGH period of the SCL
clock
0.6
-
-
s
tSU;DAT
data set-up time
100
-
-
ns
tHD;DAT
data hold time
0
-
-
ns
Pin SDA
Pins SCL and SDA
tBUF
bus free time between a
STOP and START
condition
1.3
-
-
s
tSU;STO
set-up time for STOP
condition
0.6
-
-
s
tHD;STA
hold time (repeated)
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tSU;STA
set-up time for a repeated
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tr
rise time of both SDA and
SCL signals
fSCL = 400 kHz
-
-
0.3
s
fSCL < 125 kHz
-
-
1.0
s
tf
fall time of both SDA and
SCL signals
-
-
0.3
s
Cb
capacitive load for each
bus line
-
-
400
pF
tw(spike)
spike pulse width
-
-
50
ns
on the I2C-bus
[1]
Typical output duty factor: 50 % measured at the CLK output pin.
[2]
Not tested in production.
[3]
All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an
input voltage swing of VSS to VDD.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
34 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
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Fig 22. I2C-bus timing waveforms
14. Application information
14.1 Cascaded operation
In large display configurations, up to 16 PCF8576Ds can be differentiated on the same
I2C-bus by using the 3-bit hardware subaddresses (A0, A1 and A2) and the
programmable I2C-bus slave address (SA0).
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
35 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 21.
Addressing cascaded PCF8576D
Cluster
Bit SA0
Pin A2
Pin A1
Pin A0
Device
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
3
1
0
0
4
1
0
1
5
1
1
0
6
1
1
1
7
0
0
0
8
0
0
1
9
0
1
0
10
0
1
1
11
1
0
0
12
1
0
1
13
1
1
0
14
1
1
1
15
2
1
PCF8576Ds connected in cascade are synchronized to allow the backplane signals from
only one device in the cascade to be shared. This arrangement is cost-effective in large
LCD applications since the backplane outputs of only one device need to be
through-plated to the backplane electrodes of the display. The other PCF8576D of the
cascade contribute additional segment outputs. The backplanes can either be connected
together to enhance the drive capability or some can be left open-circuit (such as the ones
from the slave in Figure 23) or just some of the master and some of the slave will be taken
to facilitate the layout of the display.
All PCF8576Ds connected in cascade are correctly synchronized by the SYNC signal.
This synchronization is guaranteed after the power-on reset. The only time that SYNC is
likely to be needed is if synchronization is lost accidentally, for example, by noise in
adverse electrical environments, or if the LCD multiplex drive mode is changed in an
application using several cascaded PCF8576Ds, as the drive mode cannot be changed
on all of the cascaded devices simultaneously. SYNC can be either an input or an output
signal; a SYNC output is implemented as an open-drain driver with an internal pull-up
resistor. The PCF8576D asserts SYNC at the start of its last active backplane signal and
monitors the SYNC line at all other times. If cascade synchronization is lost, it is restored
by the first PCF8576D to assert SYNC. The timing relationship between the backplane
waveforms and the SYNC signal for each LCD drive mode is shown in Figure 24.
The contact resistance between the SYNC on each cascaded device must be controlled.
If the resistance is too high, the device is not able to synchronize properly; this is
particularly applicable to chip-on-glass applications. The maximum SYNC contact
resistance allowed for the number of devices in cascade is given in Table 22.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
36 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 22.
SYNC contact resistance
Number of devices
Maximum contact resistance
2
6 k
3 to 5
2.2 k
6 to 10
1.2 k
10 to 16
700
The PCF8576D can be cascaded with the PCF8562. This allows optimal drive selection
for a given number of pixels to display. Figure 21 and Figure 22 show the timing of the
synchronization signals.
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Fig 23. Cascaded PCF8576D configuration
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
37 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7IU
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Fig 24. Synchronization of the cascade for the various PCF8576D drive modes
15. Test information
The following quality information corresponds with the product type: PCF8576DT/S400/2
15.1 Quality information
This product has been qualified in accordance with the Automotive Electronics Council
(AEC) standard Q100 - Failure mechanism based stress test qualification for integrated
circuits, and is suitable for use in automotive applications.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
38 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
16. Package outline
76623SODVWLFWKLQVKULQNVPDOORXWOLQHSDFNDJHOHDGVERG\ZLGWKPP
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Fig 25. Package outline SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of PCF8576DT
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
39 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
17. Bare die outline
:LUHERQGGLHERQGLQJSDGV
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3
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Fig 26. Bare die outline PCF8576DU/DA (for dimensions see Table 23)
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
40 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
%DUHGLHEXPSV
3&)'8'$
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Fig 27. Bare die outline PCF8576DU/2DA (for dimensions see Table 24)
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
41 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 23. Dimensions of PCF8576DU/DA
Original dimensions are in mm.
Unit (mm)
A
D
max
-
-
-
nom
0.38
2.2
2.0
min
-
-
-
[1]
Dimension not drawn to scale.
[2]
Pad size.
[3]
Passivation opening.
P1[2]
P2[3]
P3[2]
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.09
0.08
0.066
0.056
0.072
-
-
-
-
e[1]
E
P4[3]
Table 24. Dimensions of PCF8576DU/2DA
Original dimensions are in mm.
Unit (mm)
A
A1
A2
b
D
E
e[1]
L
max
-
0.012
-
-
-
-
-
-
nom
0.40
0.015
0.381
0.052
2.2
2.0
-
0.077
min
-
0.018
-
-
-
-
0.072
-
[1]
Dimension not drawn to scale.
Table 25. Bonding pad location for PCF8576DU/x
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each pad with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip (see Figure 3, Figure 26 and Figure 27).
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Symbol
Pad
X (m)
Y (m)
Description
SDA
1
34.38
876.6
I2C-bus serial data input/output
SCL
2
109.53
876.6
I2C-bus serial clock input
SCL
3
181.53
876.6
SYNC
4
365.58
876.6
cascade synchronization input/output
CLK
5
469.08
876.6
external clock input/output
VDD
6
577.08
876.6
supply voltage
OSC
7
740.88
876.6
internal oscillator enable input
subaddress inputs
A0
8
835.83
876.6
A1
9
1005.48
630.9
A2
10
1005.48
513.9
SA0
11
1005.48
396.9
I2C-bus address input; bit 0
VSS
12
1005.48
221.4
ground supply voltage
VLCD
13
1005.48
10.71
LCD supply voltage
BP0
14
1005.48
156.51
LCD backplane outputs
BP2
15
1005.48
232.74
BP1
16
1005.48
308.97
BP3
17
1005.48
385.2
S0
18
1005.48
493.2
S1
19
1005.48
565.2
S2
20
1005.48
637.2
S3
21
1005.48
709.2
LCD segment outputs
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
42 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 25. Bonding pad location for PCF8576DU/x …continued
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each pad with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip (see Figure 3, Figure 26 and Figure 27).
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Symbol
Pad
X (m)
Y (m)
Description
S4
22
347.22
876.6
LCD segment outputs
S5
23
263.97
876.6
S6
24
180.72
876.6
S7
25
97.47
876.6
S8
26
14.22
876.6
S9
27
69.03
876.6
S10
28
152.28
876.6
S11
29
235.53
876.6
S12
30
318.78
876.6
S13
31
402.03
876.6
S14
32
485.28
876.6
S15
33
568.53
876.6
S16
34
651.78
876.6
S17
35
735.03
876.6
S18
36
1005.5
625.59
S19
37
1005.5
541.62
S20
38
1005.5
458.19
S21
39
1005.5
374.76
S22
40
1005.5
291.33
S23
41
1005.5
207.9
S24
42
1005.5
124.47
S25
43
1005.5
41.04
S26
44
1005.5
42.39
S27
45
1005.5
125.8
S28
46
1005.5
209.3
S29
47
1005.5
292.7
S30
48
1005.5
376.1
S31
49
1005.5
459.5
S32
50
1005.5
543
S33
51
1005.5
625.6
S34
52
735.03
876.6
S35
53
663.03
876.6
S36
54
591.03
876.6
S37
55
519.03
876.6
S38
56
447.03
876.6
S39
57
375.03
876.6
SDA
58
196.38
876.6
SDA
59
106.38
876.6
I2C-bus serial data input/output
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PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 26. Alignment marks
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each alignment mark with respect to the
center (x/y = 0) of the chip (see Figure 3, Figure 26 and Figure 27).
Symbol
Location
Dimension
X (m)
Y (m)
Diameter (m)
C1
930.42
870.3
72
C2
829.98
870.3
72
18. Handling information
All input and output pins are protected against ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) under
normal handling. When handling Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) devices ensure that
all normal precautions are taken as described in JESD625-A, IEC 61340-5 or equivalent
standards.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
19. Packing information
19.1 Tray information
&
-
$
+
[
%
$
$
.
)
(
'
\
\
[
*
)
(
&
2
1
/
0
6(&7,21$$
;
'LPHQVLRQVLQPP
GHWDLO;
DDD
Fig 28. Tray details
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 27. Description of tray details
Tray details are shown in Figure 28.
Tray details
Dimensions
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
Unit
3.6
3.6
2.36
2.11
50.8
45.72
39.6
5.6
5.6
39.6
3.96
2.18
2.49
mm
Number of pockets
x direction
y direction
12
12
PDUNLQJFRGH
DDD
Fig 29. Tray alignment
19.2 Tape and reel information
For tape and reel packing information, please see Ref. 13 “SOT364-1_118” on page 53.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
20. Soldering of SMD packages
This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account
of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow
soldering description”.
20.1 Introduction to soldering
Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to
Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both
the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is
ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and
Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not
suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high
densities that come with increased miniaturization.
20.2 Wave and reflow soldering
Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from
a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following:
• Through-hole components
• Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board
Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless
packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also,
leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered,
due to an increased probability of bridging.
The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by
component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages,
packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable.
Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias
Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation
The moisture sensitivity level of the packages
Package placement
Inspection and repair
Lead-free soldering versus SnPb soldering
20.3 Wave soldering
Key characteristics in wave soldering are:
• Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board
transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are
exposed to the wave
• Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
20.4 Reflow soldering
Key characteristics in reflow soldering are:
• Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to
higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 30) than a SnPb process, thus
reducing the process window
• Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process
window for a mix of large and small components on one board
• Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is
heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak
temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste
characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the
packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package
depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with
Table 28 and 29
Table 28.
SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020D)
Package thickness (mm)
Package reflow temperature (C)
Volume (mm3)
< 350
350
< 2.5
235
220
2.5
220
220
Table 29.
Lead-free process (from J-STD-020D)
Package thickness (mm)
Package reflow temperature (C)
Volume (mm3)
< 350
350 to 2000
> 2000
< 1.6
260
260
260
1.6 to 2.5
260
250
245
> 2.5
250
245
245
Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all
times.
Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow
soldering, see Figure 30.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
temperature
maximum peak temperature
= MSL limit, damage level
minimum peak temperature
= minimum soldering temperature
peak
temperature
time
001aac844
MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level
Fig 30. Temperature profiles for large and small components
For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365
“Surface mount reflow soldering description”.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
49 of 59
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
NXP Semiconductors
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
21. Appendix
21.1 LCD segment driver selection
Table 30.
Selection of LCD segment drivers
Type name
Number of elements at MUX
ffr (Hz)
Interface Package
AECQ100
PCA8553DTT
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 5.5 32 to 256[1]
N
N
40 to 105 I2C / SPI
TSSOP56 Y
PCA8546ATT
-
-
-
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
TSSOP56 Y
PCA8546BTT
-
-
-
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
SPI
TSSOP56 Y
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
Y
40 to 95
I2C
TQFP64
Y
60 to
300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 95
SPI
TQFP64
Y
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
LQFP80
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
LQFP80
Y
Y
40 to 105
I2C
LQFP80
Y
TSSOP56 N
88
-
-
-
44
88
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
PCF85134HL
60
120 180 240 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 82
PCA8543AHL
60
60
120 180 240 120 -
240 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
82
Y
N
60 to
300[1]
300[1]
Y
PCF8545ATT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 60 to
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
PCF8545BTT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
SPI
TSSOP56 N
PCF8536AT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
TSSOP56 N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
SPI
TSSOP56 N
300[1]
TSSOP56 Y
PCF8536BT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
PCA8536AT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
PCA8536BT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
SPI
TSSOP56 Y
PCF8537AH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C
TQFP64
N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 85
SPI
TQFP64
N
300[1]
PCF8537BH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
Y
Y
40 to 95
TQFP64
Y
PCA8537BH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 95
SPI
TQFP64
Y
PCA9620H
60
120 -
240 320 480 -
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 105 I2C
LQFP80
Y
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
300[1]
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA9620U
60
120 -
240 320 480 -
60 to
Y
PCF8576DU
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 77
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
PCF8576EUG
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 77
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
N
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA8576FUG
PCF85133U
PCA85133U
40
80
80
80
120 160 -
160 240 320 160 240 320 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
200
N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 82,
110[2]
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
110[2]
82,
N
N
PCF8576D
50 of 59
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
PCA8537AH
I2C
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
PCA8547BHT
PCA85134H
-
176 -
1:9
VLCD (V) VLCD (V)
Tamb (C)
charge temperature
pump
compensat.
1:2 1:3
44
1:6 1:8
VLCD (V)
1:1
PCA8547AHT
1:4
VDD (V)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
Selection of LCD segment drivers …continued
Type name
Number of elements at MUX
ffr (Hz)
VLCD (V) VLCD (V)
Tamb (C)
charge temperature
pump
compensat.
AECQ100
PCA85233UG
80
160 240 320 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
150, 220[2]
N
N
40 to 105 I2C
Bare die
Y
PCF85132U
160 320 480 640 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
60 to 90[1]
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C / SPI
Bare die
N
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA85132U
408 -
160 320 480 640 -
PCA85232U
160 320 480 640 -
PCF8538UG
102 204 -
PCA8538UG
102 204 -
Software programmable.
[2]
Hardware selectable.
-
-
2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
45 to
300[1]
60 to
90[1]
117 to
176[1]
408 612 816 918 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
45 to 300[1]
408 612 816 918 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
300[1]
45 to
Y
N
Y
/ SPI
/ SPI
PCF8576D
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
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[1]
-
1:9
Interface Package
1:2 1:3
102 204 -
1:6 1:8
VLCD (V)
1:1
PCA8530DUG
1:4
VDD (V)
NXP Semiconductors
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Table 30.
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
22. Abbreviations
Table 31.
Acronym
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Abbreviations
Description
CDM
Charged-Device Model
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
HBM
Human Body Model
ITO
Indium Tin Oxide
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
LSB
Least Significant Bit
MM
Machine Model
MSB
Most Significant Bit
MSL
Moisture Sensitivity Level
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
RAM
Random Access Memory
RMS
Root Mean Square
SCL
Serial CLock line
SDA
Serial DAta line
SMD
Surface Mount Device
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PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
23. References
[1]
AN10170 — Design guidelines for COG modules with NXP monochrome LCD
drivers
[2]
AN10365 — Surface mount reflow soldering description
[3]
AN10706 — Handling bare die
[4]
AN10853 — ESD and EMC sensitivity of IC
[5]
IEC 60134 — Rating systems for electronic tubes and valves and analogous
semiconductor devices
[6]
IEC 61340-5 — Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena
[7]
IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D — Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for
Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices
[8]
JESD22-A114 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Human Body
Model (HBM)
[9]
JESD22-A115 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Machine Model
(MM)
[10] JESD22-C101 — Field-Induced Charged-Device Model Test Method for
Electrostatic-Discharge-Withstand Thresholds of Microelectronic Components
[11] JESD78 — IC Latch-Up Test
[12] JESD625-A — Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive
(ESDS) Devices
[13] SOT364-1_118 — TSSOP56; Reel pack; SMD, 13", packing information
[14] UM10204 — I2C-bus specification and user manual
[15] UM10569 — Store and transport requirements
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
24. Revision history
Table 32.
Revision history
Document ID
Release date
Data sheet status
Change notice
Supersedes
PCF8576D v.15
20150212
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D v.14
Modifications:
•
The format of this data sheet has been redesigned to comply with the new identity guidelines
of NXP Semiconductors.
•
•
•
•
•
Legal texts have been adapted to the new company name where appropriate.
Changed IDD(LCD) values in Table 19
Changed Section 14.1 and Section 19.2
Added Section 21.1
Fixed typos
PCF8576D v.14
20130610
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D v.13
PCF8576D v.13
20120510
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D v.12
PCF8576D v.12
20120413
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D v.11
PCF8576D v.11
20110627
Product data sheet
PCF8576D v.10
20110214
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D_9
PCF8576D_9
20090825
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D_8
PCF8576D_8
20090319
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D_7
PCF8576D_7
20081218
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D_6
PCF8576D_6
20081202
Product data sheet
-
PCF8576D_5
PCF8576D_5
20041222
Product specification
-
PCF8576D_4
PCF8576D_4
20041008
Product specification
-
PCF8576D_3
PCF8576D_3
20040617
Product specification
-
PCF8576D_2
PCF8576D_2
20030623
Product specification
-
PCF8576D_1
PCF8576D_1
20030401
Objective specification
-
-
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
PCF8576D v.10
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40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
25. Legal information
25.1 Data sheet status
Document status[1][2]
Product status[3]
Definition
Objective [short] data sheet
Development
This document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet
Qualification
This document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheet
Production
This document contains the product specification.
[1]
Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2]
The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3]
The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
25.2 Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the
full data sheet shall prevail.
Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product
data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between
NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and
customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however,
shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is
deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the
Product data sheet.
25.3 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information. NXP Semiconductors takes no
responsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information
source outside of NXP Semiconductors.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors and its suppliers accept no liability for
inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or
applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own
risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent
damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in
the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the
Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or
repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect
the quality and reliability of the device.
Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to
applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the
purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or
construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant,
conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or
other industrial or intellectual property rights.
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
55 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from competent authorities.
Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly
states that this specific NXP Semiconductors product is automotive qualified,
the product is not suitable for automotive use. It is neither qualified nor tested
in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. NXP
Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
non-automotive qualified products in automotive equipment or applications.
In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in
automotive applications to automotive specifications and standards, customer
(a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warranty of the
product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and (b)
whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond
NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s
own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any
liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and
use of the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’
standard warranty and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications.
Translations — A non-English (translated) version of a document is for
reference only. The English version shall prevail in case of any discrepancy
between the translated and English versions.
Bare die — All die are tested on compliance with their related technical
specifications as stated in this data sheet up to the point of wafer sawing and
are handled in accordance with the NXP Semiconductors storage and
transportation conditions. If there are data sheet limits not guaranteed, these
will be separately indicated in the data sheet. There are no post-packing tests
performed on individual die or wafers.
NXP Semiconductors has no control of third party procedures in the sawing,
handling, packing or assembly of the die. Accordingly, NXP Semiconductors
assumes no liability for device functionality or performance of the die or
systems after third party sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. It
is the responsibility of the customer to test and qualify their application in
which the die is used.
All die sales are conditioned upon and subject to the customer entering into a
written die sale agreement with NXP Semiconductors through its legal
department.
25.4 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors N.V.
26. Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
56 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
27. Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Marking codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Selection of possible display configurations . . . .7
Biasing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Standard RAM filling in 1:3 multiplex drive
mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Entire RAM filling by rewriting in 1:3 multiplex
drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Blinking frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Definition of PCF8576D commands . . . . . . . .23
C bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Mode-set command bit description . . . . . . . . .24
Load-data-pointer command bit description . . .24
Device-select command bit description . . . . . .24
Bank-select command bit description . . . . . . .25
Blink-select command bit description . . . . . . . .25
I2C slave address byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Addressing cascaded PCF8576D . . . . . . . . . .36
SYNC contact resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Dimensions of PCF8576DU/DA . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Dimensions of PCF8576DU/2DA . . . . . . . . . . .42
Bonding pad location for PCF8576DU/x . . . . .42
Alignment marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Description of tray details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020D) . . .48
Lead-free process (from J-STD-020D) . . . . . .48
Selection of LCD segment drivers . . . . . . . . . .50
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
57 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
28. Figures
Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Fig 6.
Fig 7.
Fig 8.
Fig 9.
Fig 10.
Fig 11.
Fig 12.
Fig 13.
Fig 14.
Fig 15.
Fig 16.
Fig 17.
Fig 18.
Fig 19.
Fig 20.
Fig 21.
Fig 22.
Fig 23.
Fig 24.
Fig 25.
Fig 26.
Fig 27.
Fig 28.
Fig 29.
Fig 30.
Block diagram of PCF8576D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Pinning diagram for PCF8576DT (TSSOP56) . . . .4
Pinning diagram for PCF8576DU (bare die) . . . . .5
Example of displays suitable for PCF8576D . . . . .7
Typical system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Electro-optical characteristic: relative
transmission curve of the liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Static drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄2 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Display RAM bit map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Relationship between LCD layout, drive mode,
display RAM filling order and display data
transmitted over the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Definition of START and STOP conditions. . . . . .26
System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Acknowledgement of the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . .27
I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Format of command byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Device protection circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Driver timing waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
I2C-bus timing waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Cascaded PCF8576D configuration . . . . . . . . . .37
Synchronization of the cascade for the various
PCF8576D drive modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Package outline SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of
PCF8576DT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Bare die outline PCF8576DU/DA (for dimensions
see Table 23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Bare die outline PCF8576DU/2DA (for dimensions
see Table 24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Tray details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Tray alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Temperature profiles for large and small
components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
PCF8576D
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 15 — 12 February 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
58 of 59
PCF8576D
NXP Semiconductors
40 × 4 universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
29. Contents
1
General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2
Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3.1
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4
Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
6
Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6.1
Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6.2
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7.1
Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.2
LCD bias generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.3
LCD voltage selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.3.1
Electro-optical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
7.4
LCD drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7.4.1
Static drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7.4.2
1:2 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7.4.3
1:3 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7.4.4
1:4 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.5
Oscillator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.5.1
Internal clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.5.2
External clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.6
Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.7
Display register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.8
Segment outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.9
Backplane outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.10
Display RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.10.1
Data pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.10.2
Subaddress counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.10.3
RAM writing in 1:3 multiplex drive mode. . . . . 21
7.10.4
Writing over the RAM address boundary . . . . 21
7.10.5
Output bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.10.6
Input bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.11
Blinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.12
Command decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.13
Display controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8
Characteristics of the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.1
Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.2
START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.3
System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.4
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8.5
I2C-bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.6
Input filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.7
I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
9
Internal circuitry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
10
Safety notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
11
12
13
14
14.1
15
15.1
16
17
18
19
19.1
19.2
20
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
21
21.1
22
23
24
25
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
26
27
28
29
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dynamic characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cascaded operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bare die outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tray information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tape and reel information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction to soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wave and reflow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wave soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LCD segment driver selection . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
33
34
35
35
38
38
39
40
44
45
45
46
47
47
47
47
48
50
50
52
53
54
55
55
55
55
56
56
57
58
59
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 12 February 2015
Document identifier: PCF8576D