AN9514: Video Amplifier with Sync Stripper and DC Restore

Video Amplifier with Sync Stripper and DC
Restore (EL8102)
®
October 19, 2004
Application Note
Introduction
Because the EL8102 contains no active pull-down, output
linearity degrades as the signal approaches ground. To deal
with this a 6.8kΩ pull-up resistor (R8) and a 75Ω pull down
resistor (R10) on the output ensure a fixed positive voltage
offset, in this case +50mV. This offset was arbitrarily chosen
as a good compromise between linearity near the DC level
and minimum residual sync. Increasing R8 decreases
residual sync, at the expense of linearity. Conversely,
decreasing R8 decreases linearity error, but increases
residual sync.Other applications benefitting from sync
removal are HDTV systems and video digitizing circuits.
Consider a typical 1VP-P RGB video signal with a -300mV
sync pulse and +700mV video data. By stripping off the
unwanted sync pulse and digitizing only the active video,
designers can use the full dynamic range of the A/D
converter for the +700mV video data. This results in a 30%
increase in resolution using the same A/D converter.
The circuit in Figure 1 transmits 200MHz (-3dB bandwidth)
video signals while stripping off the sync pulse and
performing DC restoration. It is configured for a typical video
cable driver application driving a double-terminated 75Ω
load, where the EL8102 (IC3) is configured for a gain of +2
to ensure unity gain throughout.
Sync Stripping
In component video systems it is frequently necessary to
remove the sync pulse from an RGB signal. Sync is often
combined with one or more of the red, green, and blue video
signals in video distribution amplifiers, routers and switchers
to decrease the number of input and output channels
required in a switching network. In many applications,
however, as the video signals exit the switching network the
sync pulse must be removed.
DC Restore
The EL8102 video op amp is specially designed to perform
sync stripping. Its open emitter NPN output forms an emitterfollower with the load resistor, and passes the active video
signal while virtually eliminating the negative sync pulse (see
Figure 2). Residual sync of the EL8102, defined as the
remainder of the original -300mV sync pulse, referenced to
ground, is only 8mV at the cable output. A particular
advantage of sync stripping with the EL8102 is the resultant
larger (by 0.7V) output voltage swing, compared to simply
using a wideband video op amp with an external emitterfollower.
TO SYNC
SEPARATOR
+
R1
1K
-
VIN
OPT.
+5VDC
IC1b
5Ω
R6
750
R5
1K
750
-
-
R4
1K
R8
6.8K
R7
-5V
+
IC2
C1
0.1µF
This circuit accomplishes DC restoration using a CA5260
dual op amp (IC1a, IC1b) coupled with a sample-and-hold
circuit based on the 74HC4053 switch (IC2). VIN, consisting
of the input video signal and a DC offset (VDC), is routed to
the non-inverting input of the EL8102 (IC3). The EL8102 is
configured in a gain of +2 (to compensate for the attenuation
resulting from double terminating the cable), which would
result in an output of 2 x VIN = (2 x Video + 2 x VDC), if not
for the DC restore circuit.
R3
10K
R2
10K
IC1a
Another common video function is DC restoration, used
when AC coupled signals have lost their DC reference and
must have it periodically reset in order to retain brightness
information.
IC1a + IC1b = EL5210 DUAL AMP
IC2 = 74HC4053 SWITCH
IC3 = EL8102 SINGLE SUPPLY VIDEO OP AMP
+5V
S/H
CONTROL
AN9514.1
IC3
R11
75
VOUT
+
C2
47µF
R10
75
R9
10K
R12
75
FIGURE 1. EL8102 BASED VIDEO AMPLIFIER WITH SYNC STRIPPING AND DC RESTORE
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CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
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Application Note 9514
VIN also travels through half of the dual CA5260 amplifier to
the sample-and-hold circuit, where the 0.1µF capacitor (C1)
is the hold capacitor. The sample-and-hold control is
triggered by a back-porch pulse from a sync separator or by
a horizontal video blanking signal. The DC output signal
(VDC) from the sample-and-hold circuit is then amplified at a
gain of +2 by the second op amp (IC1b); the gain is required
because VDC is input to the EL8102s inverting input which
provides only a gain of -1, but as discussed earlier, the
output contains a term of 2 x VDC. Thus 2 x VDC is summed
into the EL8102 inverting input, is subtracted from the output
signal, and yields a DC restored video signal.
Because the output impedance of IC1b is high, and would
affect the gain at the non-inverting input of the EL8102, a
47µF capacitor (C2) is used to provide an AC ground and to
maintain good high-frequency gain accuracy.
A potentiometer (R3) is used prior to IC1b to null out any
offset voltage contributed by the DC restore circuitry.
Conclusion
The circuit's resultant output is a 200MHz, DC restored video
signal in which the sync pulse has been stripped to a
residual level of no more than 8mV.
IRE:FLT
100.0
IRE:FLT
100.0
0.6
0.4
50.0
VOLTS
VOLTS
0.4
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
-0.2
0.0
-0.2
-50.0
-40.0
50.0
-50.0
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
µS
0.0
FIGURE 2A. VIDEO AND SYNC GO IN
10.0
-40.0
-30.0
-20.0
µS
-10.0
0.0
10.0
FIGURE 2B. ONLY VIDEO COMES OUT
FIGURE 2. SIGNALS AT EL8102 INPUT AND CABLE OUTPUT
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