DATASHEET

ISL9106
®
Data Sheet
June 29, 2007
1.2A 1.6MHz Low Quiescent Current High
Efficiency Synchronous Buck Regulator
ISL9106 is a 1.2A, 1.6MHz step-down regulator, which is
ideal for powering low-voltage microprocessors in compact
devices such as PDAs and cellular phones. It is optimized
for generating low output voltages down to 0.8V. The supply
voltage range is from 2.7V to 5.5V allowing the use of a
single Li+ cell, three NiMH cells or a regulated 5V input.
1.6MHz pulse-width modulation (PWM) switching frequency
allows using small external components. It has flexible
operation mode selection of forced PWM mode and Skip
(Low IQ) mode with typical 17μA quiescent current for
highest light load efficiency to maximize battery life.
FN6509.0
Features
• High Efficiency Integrated Synchronous Buck Regulator
with up to 95% Efficiency
• 2.7V to 5.5V Supply Voltage
• 17μA Quiescent Supply Current in Skip (Low IQ) Mode
• 1.2A Guaranteed Output Current
• 3% Output Accuracy Over Temperature/Load/Line
• Selectable Forced PWM Mode and Skip Mode
• Less than 1μA Logic Controlled Shutdown Current
• 100% Maximum Duty Cycle for Lowest Dropout
The ISL9106 integrates a pair of low ON-resistance
P-Channel and N-Channel MOSFETs to maximize efficiency
and minimize external component count.
• Discharge Output Cap when Shutdown
The ISL9106 offers a typical 215ms Power-Good (PG) timer
when powered up. The timer output can be reset by RSI.
When shutdown, ISL9106 discharges the output capacitor.
Other features include internal digital soft-start, enable for
power sequence, overcurrent protection, and thermal
shutdown.
• Peak Current Limiting, Short Circuit Protection
The ISL9106 is offered in 10 Ld 3mmx3mm DFN package
with 0.9mm typical height. The complete converter can
occupy less than 1cm2 area.
• Internal Digital Soft-Start
• Over-Temperature Protection
• Enable, Power Good Function
• 10 Ld 3mmx3mm DFN
• Pb-Free Plus Anneal Available (RoHS Compliant)
Applications
• Single Li-Ion Battery-Powered Equipment
Ordering Information
PART
NUMBER
(Note)
ISL9106IRZ
PART
MARKING
TEMP.
RANGE
(°C)
• DSP Core Power
PACKAGE
(Pb-free)
PKG.
DWG. #
106Z
-40 to +85 10 Ld 3x3 DFN
L10.3x3C
ISL9106IRZ-T 106Z
-40 to +85 10 Ld 3x3 DFN
L10.3x3C
NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free
material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100%
matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and
compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow
temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of
IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
1
• PDAs and Palmtops
Pinout
ISL9106
(10 LD 3X3 DFN)
TOP VIEW
VIN 1
10 SW
NC
2
9 PGND
EN
3
8 SGND
PG
4
7 FB
MODE
5
6 RSI
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2007. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL9106
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Reference to SGND)
Thermal Information
VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 6.5V
EN, RSI, MODE, PG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to VIN + 0.3V
SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.5V to 6.5V
FB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 2.7V
PGND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 0.3V
Thermal Resistance (Notes 1, 2)
θJA (°C/W)
θJC (°C/W)
3x3 DFN Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44
5.5
Junction Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Pb-free reflow profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Recommended Operating Conditions
VIN Supply Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7V to 5.5V
Load Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0A to 1.2A
Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES:
1. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See
Tech Brief TB379.
2. θJC, “case temperature” location is at the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside. See Tech Brief TB379.
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all parameter limits are guaranteed over the recommended operating conditions and
the typical specifications are measured at the following conditions: TA = +25°C, VIN = VEN = VMODE = 3.6V,
VRSI = 0V, L = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = 10µF, IOUT = 0A (see the Typical Application Circuit).
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Rising
-
2.5
2.7
V
Falling
2.2
2.4
-
V
MODE = VIN, no load at the output
-
17
34
µA
MODE = SGND, no load at the output
-
5
8
mA
ISD
VIN = 5.5V, EN = LOW
-
0.05
2
μA
VFB
TA = 0°C to +85°C
0.784
0.8
0.816
V
TA = -40°C to +85°C
0.78
0.8
0.82
V
VFB = 0.75V
-
0.1
-
µA
Output Voltage Accuracy
VIN = VO + 0.5V to 5.5V, IO = 0A to 1.2A ,
TA = -40°C to +85°C
-3
-
3
%
Line Regulation
VIN = VO + 0.5V to 5.5V (minimal 2.7V)
SUPPLY
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VUVLO
Quiescent Supply Current
IVIN
Shut Down Supply Current
OUTPUT REGULATION
FB Regulation Voltage
FB Bias Current
IFB
-
0.2
-
%/V
1.2
-
-
A
Design info only
-
20
-
µA/V
VIN = 3.6V, IO = 200mA
-
0.12
0.22
Ω
VIN = 2.7V, IO = 200mA
-
0.16
0.27
Ω
VIN = 3.6V, IO = 200mA
-
0.11
0.22
Ω
VIN = 2.7V, IO = 200mA
-
0.15
0.27
Ω
Maximum Output Current
COMPENSATION
Error Amplifier Trans-conductance
SW
P-Channel MOSFET ON-Resistance
N-Channel MOSFET ON-Resistance
N-Channel Bleeding MOSFET On Resistance
P-Channel MOSFET Peak Current Limit
IPK
VIN = 5.5V
Maximum Duty Cycle
PWM Switching Frequency
fS
SW Minimum On Time
TA = -40°C to +85°C
MODE = LOW (forced PWM mode)
Soft Start-Up Time
2
Ω
90
1.5
2.0
2.6
A
-
100
-
%
1.35
1.6
1.75
MHz
-
-
100
ns
-
1.1
-
ms
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all parameter limits are guaranteed over the recommended operating conditions and
the typical specifications are measured at the following conditions: TA = +25°C, VIN = VEN = VMODE = 3.6V,
VRSI = 0V, L = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = 10µF, IOUT = 0A (see the Typical Application Circuit). (Continued)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
PG
Output Low Voltage
Sinking 1mA, VFB = 0.7V
Delay Time
PG = VIN = 3.6V
PG Pin Leakage Current
Minimum Supply Voltage for Valid PG Signal
-
-
0.3
V
150
215
275
ms
-
0.01
0.1
μA
1.2
-
-
V
Internal PGOOD Low Rising Threshold
Percentage of Nominal Regulation Voltage
89.5
92
94.5
%
Internal PGOOD Low Falling Threshold
Percentage of Nominal Regulation Voltage
85
88
91
%
Internal PGOOD High Rising Threshold
Percentage of Nominal Regulation Voltage
108.2
110.7
113.2
%
Internal PGOOD High Falling Threshold
Percentage of Nominal Regulation Voltage
104
107
110
%
-
50
-
µs
Internal PGOOD Delay Time
EN, MODE, RSI
Logic Input Low
-
-
0.4
V
Logic Input High
1.4
-
-
V
-
0.1
1
µA
Thermal Shutdown
-
150
-
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
-
25
-
°C
Logic Input Leakage Current
Pulled up to 5.5V
3
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Typical Operating Performance
100
100
95
95
90
VIN = 4.2V
85
VIN = 5.0V
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
90
VIN = 3.6V
75
70
65
1000
65
50
1200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
FIGURE 1. EFFICIENY vs LOAD CURRENT (VOUT = 3.3V)
FIGURE 2. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT (VOUT = 2.5V)
100
1.60
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (MHz)
VIN = 3.3V
95
90
EFFICIENCY (%)
70
55
400
600
800
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
VIN = 5.0V
75
60
200
VIN = 3.3V
80
55
50
85
80
VIN = 5.0V
75
VIN = 2.7V
70
65
60
55
50
0
200
400
600
800
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
1000
1200
FIGURE 3. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT (VOUT = 1.8V)
TA = +25°C
1.55
TA = +85°C
1.50
1.45
1.40
2.7
TA = -40°C
3.4
4.1
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4.8
5.5
FIGURE 4. SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs INPUT VOLTAGE,
(VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 600mA)
30
10
TA = +85°C
25
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA)
85
60
0
VIN = 2.7V
20
15
10
TA = +25°C
5
TA = +85°C
9
8
7
6
5
4
TA = +25°C
3
2
1
0
2.7
3.4
4.1
4.8
5.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 5. IQ vs VIN (MODE = VIN, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 0)
4
0
2.7
3.4
4.1
4.8
5.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 6. IQ vs VIN (MODE = GND, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 0)
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Typical Operating Performance (Continued)
2.50000
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.550
1.525
1.500
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
1.475
TA = -40°C
1.450
2.7
3.4
4.1
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4.8
FIGURE 7. VOUT vs VIN (MODE = VIN, VOUT = 1.5V,
IOUT = 600mA)
2V/DIV
VSW
5.5
TA = +85°C
2.49375
2.48750
2.48125
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
2.47500
2.7
3.4
VOUT
5V/DIV
5.5
VSW
VOUT
1V/DIV
IL
200mA/DIV
200mA/DIV
4.8
FIGURE 8. VOUT vs VIN (MODE = VIN, VOUT = 2.5V,
IOUT = 600mA)
2V/DIV
1V/DIV
4.1
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IL
EN
EN
5V/DIV
200μs/DIV
200μs/DIV
FIGURE 9. SOFT-START TO PWM MODE (VIN = 4.2V,
VOUT = 1.6V, IOUT = 500mA)
FIGURE 10. SOFT-START TO SKIP MODE (VIN = 4.2V,
VOUT = 1.6V, IOUT = 0.01mA)
VSW
2V/DIV
2V/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
VSW
20mV/DIV
20mV/DIV
200mA/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
IL
IL
1A/DIV
1μs/DIV
FIGURE 11. STEADY-STATE IN SKIP MODE (VIN = 5.0V,
VOUT = 1.8V, IOUT = 35mA)
5
1μs/DIV
FIGURE 12. STEADY-STATE IN PWM MODE (VIN = 5.0V,
VOUT = 1.8V, IOUT = 1.2A)
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Typical Operating Performance (Continued)
2V/DIV
2V/DIV
VSW
VSW
50mV/DIV
20mV/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
200mA/DIV
IL
IL
1A/DIV
1μs/DIV
4μs/DIV
FIGURE 13. STEADY-STATE IN SKIP MODE (VIN = 5.0V,
VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 35mA)
FIGURE 14. STEADY-STATE IN PWM MODE (VIN = 5.0V,
VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 1.2A)
VSW
VSW
2V/DIV
100mV/DIV
2V/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
100mV/DIV
IL
IL
1A/DIV
1A/DIV
100μs/DIV
100μs/DIV
FIGURE 15. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = VIN = 5.0V;
VO = 1.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
FIGURE 16. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = GND,
VIN = 5.0V; VO = 1.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
VSW
2V/DIV
100mV/DIV
VSW
2V/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
IL
1A/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
100mV/DIV
IL
1A/DIV
100μs/DIV
FIGURE 17. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = VIN = 3.6V;
VO = 1.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
6
100µs/DIV
FIGURE 18. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = GND,
VIN = 3.6V; VO = 1.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Typical Operating Performance (Continued)
VSW
VSW
2V/DIV
2V/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
100mV/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
100mV/DIV
IL
IL
1A/DIV
1A/DIV
100µs/DIV
100μs/DIV
FIGURE 19. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = VIN = 5.0V;
VO = 2.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
FIGURE 20. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = GND,
VIN = 5.0V; VO = 2.5V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
VSW
VSW
2V/DIV
50mV/DIV
2V/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
100mV/DIV
VOUT (AC COUPLED)
IL
0.5A/DIV
IOUT
0.2A/DIV
IL
1A/DIV
100μs/DIV
100µs/DIV
FIGURE 21. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = VIN = 5V;
VO = 3.3V; IO = 0.2A~0.4A)
Pin Descriptions
FIGURE 22. LOAD TRANSIENT TEST (MODE = GND,
VIN = 5.0V; VO = 3.3V; IO = 0.01A~1A)
PG
NC
215ms timer output. This output is a 215ms delayed powergood signal (PG) for the output voltage when output voltage
is within the power-good window. It can be reset by a high
RSI signal, then 215ms starts when RSI goes from high to
low.
No connect.
MODE
EN
Mode selection pin. Connect to logic high or input voltage
VIN for low IQ mode; connect to logic low or ground for
forced PWM mode. Do not leave this pin floating.
VIN
Input supply voltage. Connect a 10μF ceramic capacitor to
power ground.
Enable pin. Enable the device when driven to high. Shut
down the chip and discharge output capacitor when driven to
low. Do not leave this pin floating.
SW
Switching node connection. Connect to one terminal of
inductor.
7
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
PGND
Exposed Pad
Power ground. Connect all power grounds to this pin.
The exposed pad must be connected to the PGND pin for
proper electrical performance. The exposed pad must also
be connected to as much as possible for optimal thermal
performance.
SGND
Analog ground. SGND and PGND should only have one
point connection.
FB
Buck regulator output feedback pin. Connect to the output
through voltage divider resistor for adjustable output voltage.
RSI
This input resets the 215ms timer. When the output voltage
is within the power-good window, an internal timer is started
and generates a PG signal 215ms later when RSI is low. A
high RSI resets PG and RSI high to low transition restarts
the internal counter if the output voltage is within the window,
otherwise the counter is reset by the output voltage
condition. Do not leave this pin floating.
Typical Applications
INPUT
2.7V TO 5.5V
C1
10µF
ISL9106
VIN
SW
NC
PGND
EN
SGND
R1
100k
MANUFACTURERS
2.2µH
C2
10 µF
R2
100k
C3
220pF
FB
MODE
DESCRIPTION
OUTPUT
1.6V/1.2A
R3
100k
PG
PARTS
L
RSI
PART NUMBER
SPECIFICATIONS
SIZE
L
Inductor
Sumida
CDRH2D14NP-2R2NC
2.2µH/1.50A/75mΩ
3.2mmx3.2mmx1.55mm
C1
Input capacitor
Murata
GRM21BR60J106KE19L
10µF/6.3V
2.0mmx1.25mmx1.25mm
C2
Output capacitor
Murata
GRM21BR60J106KE19L
10µF/6.3V
2.0mmx1.25mmx1.25mm
C3
Capacitor
Murata
GRM188R71H221KA01C
220pF/50V
1.6mmx0.8mmx0.8mm
R1, R2, R3
Resistor
Various
100kΩ, SMD, 1%
1.6mmx0.8mmx0.45mm
FIGURE 23. TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM
8
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Block Diagram
MODE
SOFTSTART
SHUTDOWN
SHUTDOWN
BANDGAP
0.8V
+
EN
OSCILLATOR
EAMP
SLOPE
COMP
+
COMP
VIN
PWM/PFM
LOGIC
CONTROLLER
PROTECTION
DRIVER
+
SW
PGND
RSI
+
VREF5
SCP
FB
+
CSA
+
OCP
+
VREF3
VREF1
+
+
SKIP
VREF4
PG
PGOOD
DELAY
SGND
VREF2
ZERO-CROSS
SENSING
FIGURE 24. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Theory of Operation
The ISL9106 is a step-down switching regulator optimized
for battery-powered handheld applications. The regulator
operates at typical 1.6MHz fixed switching frequency under
heavy load condition to allow small external inductor and
capacitors to be used for minimal printed-circuit board (PCB)
area. At light load, the regulator can be selected to enter skip
mode to reduce the switching frequency, unless forced to the
fixed frequency, to minimize the switching loss and to
maximize the battery life. The quiescent current under skip
mode with no loading is typically only 17μA. The supply
current is typically only 0.1μA when the regulator is disabled.
PWM Control Scheme
The ISL9106 uses the peak-current-mode pulse-width
modulation (PWM) control scheme for fast transient
response and pulse-by-pulse current limiting. Figure 24
shows the circuit functional block diagram. The current loop
consists of the oscillator, the PWM comparator COMP,
9
current sensing circuit, and the slope compensation for the
current loop stability. The current sensing circuit consists of
the resistance of the P-Channel MOSFET when it is turned
on and the Current Sense Amplifier (CSA). The control
reference for the current loops comes from the Error
Amplifier (EAMP) of the voltage loop.
The PWM operation is initialized by the clock from the
oscillator. The P-Channel MOSFET is turned on at the
beginning of a PWM cycle and the current in the P-Channel
MOSFET starts ramping up. When the sum of the CSA
output and the compensation slope reaches the control
reference of the current loop, the PWM comparator COMP
sends a signal to the PWM logic to turn off the P-Channel
MOSFET and to turn on the N-Channel MOSFET. The
N-MOSFET remains on till the end of the PWM cycle. Figure 25
shows the typical operating waveforms during the normal PWM
operation. The dotted lines illustrate the sum of the slope
compensation ramp and the CSA output.
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
vEAMP
vCSA
d
iL
vOUT
FIGURE 25. PWM OPERATION WAVEFORMS
The output voltage is regulated by controlling the reference
voltage to the current loop. The bandgap circuit outputs a
0.8V reference voltage to the voltage control loop. The
feedback signal comes from the FB pin. The soft-start block
only affects the operation during the start-up and will be
discussed separately in “Soft-Start-Up” on page 11. The
EAMP is a transconductance amplifier, which converts the
voltage error signal to a current output. The voltage loop is
internally compensated by a RC network. The maximum
EAMP voltage output is precisely clamped to the bandgap
voltage.
Skip Mode
With the MODE pin connected to logic high, ISL9106 enters
a pulse-skipping mode at light load to minimize the switching
loss by reducing the switching frequency. Figure 26
illustrates the skip mode operation. A zero-cross sensing
circuit (as shown in Figure 24) monitors the N-Channel
MOSFET current for zero crossing. When it is detected to
cross zero for 8 consecutive cycles, the regulator enters the
skip mode. During the 8 consecutive cycles, the inductor
current could be negative. The counter is reset to zero when
the sensed N-Channel MOSFET current does not cross zero
during any cycle within the 8 consecutive cycles.
Once ISL9106 enters the skip mode, the pulse modulation
starts being controlled by the SKIP comparator shown in
Figure 24. Each pulse cycle is still synchronized by the PWM
clock. The P-Channel MOSFET is turned on at the rising
edge of clock and turned off when its current reaches 20% of
the peak current limit. As the average inductor current in
each cycle is higher than the average current of the load, the
output voltage rises cycle over cycle. When the output
voltage reaches 1.5% above its nominal voltage, the PChannel MOSFET is turned off immediately and the inductor
current is fully discharged to zero and stays at zero. The
output voltage reduces gradually due to the load current
discharging the output capacitor. When the output voltage
drops to the nominal voltage, the P-Channel MOSFET will
be turned on again, repeating the previous operations.
The regulator resumes normal PWM mode operation when
the output voltage is sensed to drop below 1.5% of its
nominal voltage value.
Enable
The enable (EN) pin allows user to enable or disable the
converter for purposes such as power-up sequencing. With
EN pin pulled to high, the converter is enabled and the
internal reference circuit wakes up first and then the soft
start-up begins. When EN pin is pulled to logic low, the
converter is disabled, the P-Channel MOSFET is turned off
immediately and the output capacitor is discharged through
internal discharge path.
Power Good
The ISL9106 offers a power-good (PG) signal. When the
output voltage is not within the power-good window, the PG
pin outputs an open-drain low signal. When the output
voltage is within the power-good window, an internal powergood signal is issued to turn off the open-drain MOSFET so
that PG pin can be externally pulled to high. The rising edge
of the PG output is delayed by 215ms (typical) from the time
the power-good signal is issued.
8 CYCLES
CLOCK
20% PEAK CURRENT LIMIT
IL
0
1.015*VOUT_NOMINAL
VOUT
VOUT_NOMINAL
FIGURE 26. SKIP MODE OPERATION WAVEFORMS
10
FN6509.0
June 29, 2007
ISL9106
Mode Selection
The MODE pin is provided on ISL9106 to select the
operation mode. When it is driven to logic low or ground, the
regulator operates in forced PWM mode. Under forced PWM
mode, the device remains at the fixed PWM operation
(typical at 1.6MHz), regardless of if the load current is high
or low.
When the MODE pin is driven to logic high or connected to
input voltage VIN, the regulator operates in either SKIP
mode or fixed PWM mode depending on the different load
conditions.
RSI Signal
The RSI signal is an input signal, which can reset the PG
signal. As shown in Figure 24, the power-good signal is
gated by the RSI signal. When the RSI is high, the PG signal
remains low, regardless of the output voltage condition.
maintain the output voltage, the P-Channel MOSFET is
completely turned on (100% duty cycle). The dropout
voltage under such condition is the product of the load
current and the ON-resistance of the P-Channel MOSFET.
Minimum required input voltage VIN under this condition is
the sum of output voltage plus the voltage drop cross the
inductor and the P-Channel MOSFET switch.
Thermal Shut Down
The ISL9106 provides built-in thermal protection function.
The thermal shutdown threshold temperature is typical
+150°C with typical +25°C hysteresis. When the internal
temperature is sensed to reach +150°C, the regulator is
completely shut down and as the temperature is sensed to
drop to +125°C (typical), the ISL9106 resumes operation
starting from the soft-start-up.
Applications Information
Overcurrent Protection
Inductor and Output Capacitor Selection
The overcurrent protection is provided on ISL9106 when
over load condition happens. It is realized by monitoring the
CSA output with the OCP comparator, as shown in Figure 24.
When the current at P-Channel MOSFET is sensed to reach
the current limit, the OCP comparator is trigged to turn off
the P-Channel MOSFET immediately.
To achieve better steady state and transient response,
ISL9106 typically uses a 2.2µH inductor. The peak-to-peak
inductor current ripple can be expressed as follows:
Short-Circuit Protection
VO ⎞
⎛
V O • ⎜ 1 – ---------⎟
V
⎝
IN⎠
ΔI = --------------------------------------L • fS
(EQ. 1)
ISL9106 has a Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) comparator,
which monitors the FB pin voltage for output short-circuit
protection. When the FB voltage is lower than 0.2V, the SCP
comparator forces the PWM oscillator frequency to drop to
1/3 of its normal operation frequency.
In Equation 1, usually the typical values can be used but to
have a more conservative estimation, the inductance should
consider the value with worst case tolerance; and for
switching frequency fS, the minimum fS from the “Eletrical
Specifications” table on page 2 can be used.
Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
To select the inductor, its saturation current rating should be
at least higher than the sum of the maximum output current
and half of the delta calculated from Equation 1. Another
more conservative approach is to select the inductor with the
current rating higher than the P-Channel MOSFET peak
current limit.
When the input voltage is below the Undervoltage Lock Out
(UVLO) threshold, ISL9106 is disabled.
Soft-Start-Up
The soft-start-up eliminates the inrush current during the
circuit start-up. The soft-start block outputs a ramp reference
to both the voltage loop and the current loop. The two ramps
limit the inductor current rising speed as well as the output
voltage speed so that the output voltage rises in a controlled
fashion. At the very beginning of the start-up, the output
voltage is less than 0.2V; hence the PWM operating
frequency is 1/3 of the normal frequency.
Power MOSFETs
The power MOSFETs are optimized to achieve better
efficiency. The ON-resistance for the P-Channel MOSFET is
typically160mΩ and the typical ON-resistance for the
N-Channel MOSFET is 150mΩ.
Low Dropout Operation
Another consideration is the inductor DC resistance since it
directly affects the efficiency of the converter. Ideally, the
inductor with the lower DC resistance should be considered
to achieve higher efficiency.
Inductor specifications could be different from different
manufacuturers so please check with each manufacturer if
additional information is needed.
For the output capacitor, a ceramic capacitor can be used
because of the low ESR values, which helps to minimize the
output voltage ripple. A typical value of 10µF/6.3V ceramic
capacitor should be enough for most of the applications and
the capacitor should be X5R or X7R.
The ISL9106 features low dropout operation to maximize the
battery life. When the input voltage drops to a level that
ISL9106 can no longer operate under switching regulation to
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ISL9106
Input Capacitor Selection
The main function for the input capacitor is to provide
decoupling of the parasitic inductance and to provide filtering
function to prevent the switching current from flowing back to
the battery rail. A 10μF/6.3V ceramic capacitor (X5R or X7R)
is a good starting point for the input capacitor selection.
Output Voltage Setting Resistor Selection
The voltage divider resistors, R2 and R3, as shown in Figure
23, set the desired output voltage value. The output voltage
can be calculated using Equation 2:
R 2⎞
⎛
V O = V FB • ⎜ 1 + -------⎟
R 3⎠
⎝
The switching node of the converter, the SW pin, and the
traces connected to this node are very noisy, so keep the
voltage feedback trace and other noise sensitive traces
away from these noisy traces.
The input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to
the VIN pin. The ground of the input and output capacitors
should be connected as close as possible as well.
The heat of the IC is mainly dissipated through the thermal
pad. Maximizing the copper area connected to the thermal
pad is preferable. In addition, a solid ground plane is helpful
for EMI performance.
TABLE 1. ISL9106 CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION vs VOUT
(EQ. 2)
where VFB is the feedback voltage (typically it is 0.8V). The
current flowing through the voltage divider resistors can be
calculated as VO/(R2 + R3), so larger resistance is desirable
to minimize this current. On the other hand, the FB pin has
leakage current that will cause error in the output voltage
setting. The leakage current has a typical value of 0.1μA. To
minimize the accuracy impact on the output voltage, select
the R3 no larger than 200kΩ.
C3 (shown in Figure 23) is highly recommended to be added
for improving stability and achieving better transient
response. C3 can be calculated using Equation 3:
1
C 3 = ----------------------------------------------------2 × π × R 2 × 7.3kHz
VOUT (V)
L (μH)
C2 (μF)
R2 (kΩ)
C3 (pF)
R3 (kΩ)
0.8
2.2
10
0
N/A
100
1.0
2.2
10
44.2
470
178
1.2
2.2
10
80.6
270
162
1.5
2.2
10
84.5
270
97.6
1.8
2.2
10
100
220
80.6
2.5
2.2
10
100
220
47.5
2.8
2.2
10
100
220
40.2
3.3
2.2
10
102
220
32.4
(EQ. 3)
Table 1 provides the recommended component values for
some output voltage options.
Layout Recommendation
The PCB layout is a very important converter design step to
make sure the designed converter works well, especially
under the high current high switching frequency condition.
For ISL9106, the power loop is composed of the output
inductor L, the output capacitor COUT, the SW pin and the
PGND pin. It is necessary to make the power loop as small
as possible and the connecting traces among them should
be direct, short and wide; the same type of traces should be
used to connect the VIN pin, the input capacitor CIN and its
ground. In order to make the output voltage regulate well
and avoid the noise couple from the power loop (especially
for SKIP mode operation), the SGND pin should be
connected with the PGND pin at the terminals of the load
and a star ground connection should be used.
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ISL9106
Dual Flat No-Lead Plastic Package (DFN)
L10.3x3C
2X
0.10 C A
A
10 LEAD DUAL FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE
D
MILLIMETERS
2X
0.10 C B
E
SYMBOL
MIN
NOMINAL
MAX
NOTES
A
0.85
0.90
0.95
-
A1
-
-
0.05
-
A3
6
INDEX
AREA
b
0.20 REF
0.20
D
TOP VIEW
B
D2
//
A
C
SEATING
PLANE
D2
6
INDEX
AREA
0.08 C
7
8
D2/2
1
2.33
2.38
2.43
7, 8
1.69
7, 8
3.00 BSC
1.59
e
1.64
-
0.50 BSC
-
k
0.20
-
-
-
L
0.35
0.40
0.45
8
N
10
2
Nd
5
3
NOTES:
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5-1994.
NX k
2. N is the number of terminals.
3. Nd refers to the number of terminals on D.
E2
E2/2
4. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees.
5. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured
between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip.
NX L
N
N-1
6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
NX b
e
(Nd-1)Xe
REF.
BOTTOM VIEW
5
0.10 M C A B
(A1)
9 L
5
7. Dimensions D2 and E2 are for the exposed pads which provide
improved electrical and thermal performance.
8. Nominal dimensions are provided to assist with PCB Land
Pattern Design efforts, see Intersil Technical Brief TB389.
CL
NX (b)
5, 8
Rev. 1 4/06
2
(DATUM A)
8
0.30
3.00 BSC
E
E2
A3
SIDE VIEW
(DATUM B)
0.10 C
0.25
-
9. COMPLIANT TO JEDEC MO-229-WEED-3 except for
dimensions E2 & D2.
e
SECTION "C-C"
C C
TERMINAL TIP
FOR ODD TERMINAL/SIDE
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Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
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