X80000, X80001 ® Data Sheet March 18, 2005 Smart Power Plug™ Penta-Power Sequence Controller with Hot Swap FN8148.0 Features The X80000 contains three major functions: a power communications controller, a power sequencing controller, and a hotswap controller. • Integrates Three Major Functions - Smart Power Plug communications - Programmable power sequencing - Programmable Hot Swap controller The power communications controller allows smart power supply control via the backplane using the SMBus protocol. The system can check for voltage, current, and manufacturing ID compliance before board insertion. The power distribution network can monitor the status of the negative voltage supply, DC voltage supplies, and hardshort events by accessing the Fault Detection Register and General Purpose EEPROM of the device. Each device has a unique slave address for identification. • Smart Power Plug™ - Intelligent board insertion allows verification of board and power supply resources prior to system insertion. - Fault detection register records the cause of the faults - Soft extraction - Soft re-insertion - Remote gate shutdown/turn on - Power ID/manufacturing ID memory (2kb of EEPROM) The power sequencer controller time sequences up to five DC-DC modules. The X80000 allows for various hardwired configurations, either parallel or relay sequencing modes. The power good, enable and voltage good signals provide for flexible DC-DC timing configurations. Each voltage enable signal has a programmable delay. In addition, the voltage good signals can be monitored remotely via the fault detection register (thru the SMBus). The hot swap controller allows a board to be safely inserted and removed from a live backplane without turning off the main power supply. The X80000 family of devices offers a modular, power distribution approach by providing flexibility to solve the hotswap and power sequencing issues for insertion, operations, and extraction. Hardshort Detection and Retry with Delay, Noise filtering, Insertion Overcurrent Bypass, and Gate Current selection are some of the programmable features of the device. During insertion, the gate of an external power MOSFET is clamped low to suppress contact bounce. The undervoltage/overvoltage circuits and the power on reset circuitry suppress the gate turn on until the mechanical bounce has ended. The X80000 turns on the gate with a user set slew rate to limit the inrush current and incorporates an electronic circuit breaker set by a sense resistor. After the load is successfully charged, the PWRGD signal is asserted; indicating that the device is ready to power sequence the DC-DC power bricks. • Programmable Power Sequencing - Sequence up to 5 DC/DC converters. - Four independent voltage enable pins - Four programmable time delay circuits - Soft Power Sequencing - restart sequence without power cycling. • Hot Swap Controller - Programmable overvoltage and undervoltage protection - Undervoltage lockout for battery/redundant supplies - Programmable slew rate for external FET gate control - Electronic circuit breaker - overcurrent detection and gate shut-off - Programmable overcurrent limit during Insertion - Programmable hardshort retry with retry failure flag - Typically operates from -30V to -80V. Tolerates transients to -200V (limited by external components) • Available Packages - 32-lead Quad No-Lead Frame (QFN) Applications • -48V Hot Swap Power Backplane/Distribution Central Office, Ethernet for VOIP • Card Insertion Detection • Power Sequencing DC-DC/Power Bricks • IP Phone Applications • Databus Power Interfacing • Custom Industrial Power Backplanes • Distributed Power Systems 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2005. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. X80000, X80001 Pinout Ordering Information PART NUMBER OV UV1 UV2 TEMP RANGE X80000Q32I 74.9 42.4 33.2 I 32 Ld QFN 80000I X80001Q32I 68.0 42.4 33.2 I 32 Ld QFN 80001I NC VEE FAR PWRGD BATT-ON IGQ1 IGQ0 MRH X80000, X80001 (7X7 QFN) TOP VIEW 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 VRGO 1 24 NC A0 2 23 MRC V4GOOD 3 22 WP EN4 4 21 RESET V3GOOD 5 20 EN3 6 19 V1GOOD EN1 V2GOOD 7 18 SCL EN2 8 17 SDA (7mm x 7mm) PART MARK PKG A1 NC DRAIN GATE SENSE VUV/OV VEE VDD 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Typical Application BackPlane DC-DC Module 1 ON/OFF X80000 X80001 SCL SDA Insert Control ON/OFF SCL SDA OptoIsolation DC-DC Module 3 ON/OFF DC-DC Module 4 ON/OFF MRH PWRGD V1GOOD V2GOOD V3GOOD -48V RTN R5 30K 1% DC-DC Module 2 V1 R4 182K 1% V2 VUV/OV OV=71V UV=37V VDD EN1 EN2 EN3 V3 VEE SENSE GATE DRAIN 12V R6 10K 1% 0.1µF 4.7V Rs 100 4.7K 3.3n 100K V4 -48V 0.02Ω 5% 2 Q1 IRFR120 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Absolute Maximum Ratings Recommended Operating Conditions Temperature under bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +135°C Storage temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Voltage on given pin (Hot Side Functions): Vov/uv pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE SENSE pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400mV + VEE VEE pin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -80V DRAIN pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48V + VEE PWRGD pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7V + VEE GATE pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VDD + VEE FAR pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7V + VEE MRH pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE BATT_ON pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE Voltage on given pin (Cold Side Functions): ENi pins (i = 1 to 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5V ViGOOD pins (i = 1 to 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE RESET pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE SDA, SCL, WP, A0, A1 pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE MRC pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE IGQ1 and IGQ0 pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5V + VEE VDD pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14V + VEE D.C. output current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5mA Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C Temperature Range (Industrial) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to 85°C Supply Voltage (VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12V CAUTION: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification) is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Electrical Specifications Standard Settings Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 10 12 14 V 2.5 5 mA DC CHARACTERISTICS VDD Supply Operating Range IDD Supply Current VRGO Regulated 5V output IRGO VRGO current output IGATE Gate Pin Current IRGO = 10µA Gate Drive On, VGATE = VEE, VSENSE = VEE (sourcing) 4.5 46.2 VGATE - VEE = 3V VSENSE-VEE = 0.1V (sinking) VGATE External Gate Drive (Slew Rate Control) IGATE = 50µA VPGA Power Good Threshold (PWRGD High to Low) Referenced to VEE VUV1 < VUV/OV < VOV VIHB Voltage Input High (BATT_ON) VILB Voltage Input Low (BATT_ON) 5.5 52.5 50 µA 58.8 µA 9 VDD-0.01 0.9 VEE + 4 1 mA VDD V 1.1 V VEE + 5 V VEE + 2 V ILI Input Leakage Current (MRH, MRC) VIL = GND to VCC 10 µA ILO Output Leakage Current (V1GOOD, V2GOOD, V3GOOD, V4GOOD, RESET) All ENi = VRGO for i = 1 to 4 10 µA VIL Input LOW Voltage (MRH, MRC, IGQ0, IGQ1) -0.5 + VEE (VEE + 5) x 0.3 V VIH Input HIGH Voltage (MRH, MRC, IGQ0, IGQ1) (VEE + 5) x 0.7 (VEE + 5) + 0.5 V 3 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Electrical Specifications Standard Settings Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. (Continued) SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT VOL Output LOW Voltage (RESET, V1GOOD, V2GOOD, V3GOOD, V4GOOD, FAR, PWRGD) IOL = 4.0mA VEE + 0.4 V COUT (Note 1) Output Capacitance (RESET, V1GOOD, V2GOOD, V3GOOD, V4GOOD, FAR) VOUT = 0V 8 pF VIN = 0V 6 pF CIN (Note 1) Input Capacitance (MRH, MRC) VOC Overcurrent threshold VOC = VSENSE - VEE 45 50 55 mV VOCI Overcurrent threshold (Insertion) VOC = VSENSE - VEE PWRGD = HIGH Initial Power Up condition 135 150 165 mV VOVR Overvoltage threshold (rising) X80000 Referenced to VEE 3.85 3.90 3.95 V X80001 3.49 3.54 3.59 V X80000 Referenced to VEE 3.82 3.87 3.92 V X80001 3.46 3.51 3.56 V 2.19 2.24 2.29 V 2.16 2.21 2.26 V 1.71 1.76 1.81 V 1.68 1.73 1.78 V VOVF Overvoltage threshold (falling) VUV1R Undervoltage 1 threshold (rising) VUV1F Undervoltage 1 threshold (falling) VUV2R Undervoltage 2 threshold (rising) VUV2F Undervoltage 2 threshold (falling) Referenced to VEE BATT-ON = VEE Referenced to VEE BATT-ON = VRGO VDRAINF Drain sense voltage threshold (falling) Referenced to VEE 0.9 1 1.1 V VDRAINR Drain sense voltage threshold (rising) Referenced to VEE 1.2 1.3 1.4 V VTRIP1 (Note 1) EN1 Trip Point Voltage Referenced to VEE VTRIP2 (Note 1) EN2 Trip Point Voltage Referenced to VEE V VTRIP3 (Note 1) EN3 Trip Point Voltage Referenced to VEE V VTRIP4 (Note 1) EN4 Trip Point Voltage Referenced to VEE V VRGO ÷ 2 V AC CHARACTERISTICS tFOC Sense High to Gate Low 1.5 2.5 3.5 µs tFUV Under Voltage conditions to Gate Low 0.5 1 1.5 µs tFOV Overvoltage Conditions to Gate Low 1.0 1.5 2 µs tVFR Overvoltage/undervoltage failure recovery time to VDD does not drop below 3V, No Gate =1V. other failure conditions. 1.2 1.6 2 µs tBATT_ON Delay BATT_ON Valid 100 ns tMRC Minimum time high for reset valid on the MRC pin 5 µs tMRH Minimum time high for reset valid on the MRH pin 5 µs tMRCE Delay from MRC enable to PWRGD HIGH No Load 1.0 1.6 µs tMRCD Delay from MRC disable to PWRGD LOW Gate is On, No Load 200 400 ns tMRHE Delay from MRH enable to Gate Pin LOW IGATE = 60µA, No Load 1.0 2.4 µs 4 1.6 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Electrical Specifications Standard Settings Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. (Continued) SYMBOL PARAMETER tMRHD TEST CONDITIONS MAX UNIT 2.6 µs Delay from PWRGD or ViGOOD to RESET valid LOW 1 µs Delay from IGQ1 and IGQ0 to valid Gate pin current 1 µs Delay from MRH disable to GATE reaching 1V tRESET_E tQC tSC_RETRY Delay between retries tNF IGATE = 60µA, No Load Device Delay before Gate assertion tSPOR Delay after PWRGD and all ViGOOD signals are active before RESET assertion 1.8 90 100 110 ms TF1 = 0; TF0 = 1 4.5 5 5.5 µs 45 50 55 ms 90 100 110 ms TPOR1 = 0; TPOR0 = 0 ViGOOD turn off time tTO TYP TSC1 = 0; TSC0 = 0 Noise Filter for Overcurrent tDPOR MIN 50 ns tPDHLPG (Note 1) Delay from Drain good to PWRGD LOW Gate = VDD 1 µs tPDLHPG (Note 1) Delay from Drain fail to PWRGD HIGH Gate = VDD 1 µs tPGHLPG (Note 1) Delay from Gate good to PWRGD LOW Drain = VEE 1 µs tPGLHPG (Note 1) Delay from Gate fail to PWRGD HIGH Drain = VEE 1 µs NOTE: 1. This parameter is based on characterization data. Equivalent A.C. Output Load Circuit 5V 5V 5V V1GOOD, RESET FAR PWRGD SDA 4.6kΩ 4.6kΩ 4.6kΩ V2GOOD, V3GOOD, 30pF 30pF V4GOOD, 30pF A.C. Test Conditions Input pulse levels VCC x 0.1 to VCC x 0.9 Input rise and fall times 10ns Input and output timing levels VCC x 0.5 Output load Standard output load 5 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 VTH tDPOR VDD VOV VUV tFOV VUV/OV MRH tFUV tVFR tVFR VOCI VOC SENSE 1V GATE 1V FIGURE 1. OVERVOLTAGE/UNDERVOLTAGE GATE TIMING VTH Always Retry VUV < VUV/OV < VOV tDPOR VDD MRH = HIGH VOCI VOC SENSE tFOC tSC_RETRY tSC_RETRY GATE tFOC FIGURE 2. OVERCURRENT GATE TIMING Initial Power-up VDD VTRIPi ENi tTO ViGOOD tDELAYi Enable DC/DC supply tTO i = 1, 2, 3, 4 FIGURE 3. ViGOOD TIMINGS 6 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 tMRH MRH tMRC MRC GATE 1V tMRHE PWRGD tMRHD tMRCE FIGURE 4. MANUAL RESET (HOT SIDE) MRH tMRCD FIGURE 5. MANUAL RESET (COLD SIDE) MRC tDHLPG VDRAIN tDLHPG VGATE tGHLPG tGLHPG PWRGD ENi tDELAY1 V1GOOD tDELAY2 V2GOOD tDELAY3 V3GOOD tDELAY4 V4GOOD tRESET_E tSPOR RESET PWRGD or any ENi LOW to HIGH (1st occurance) FIGURE 6. PWRGD AND RESET TIMINGS 7 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Electrical Specifications Programmable Parameters Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT DC CHARACTERISTICS VCB IGATE Over Current Trip Voltage Range Factory Setting is 50mV (see VOCI). 30 100 mV (VCB = VSENSE - VEE) For other options, contact Intersil. -12 12 % Gate Pin Pull-Up Current. (error) (current) Gate Drive On; VGATE = VEE, IGQ1=0; IGQ0=0 11.8 µA IG3 = 0; IG2= 0; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 0 Factory Default 9.2 10.5 IG3 = 0; IG2= 0; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 1 21.0 µA IG3 = 0; IG2= 0; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 0 31.5 µA IG3 = 0; IG2= 0; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 1 42.0 µA IG3 = 0; IG2= 1; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 0 46.2 IG3 = 0; IG2= 1; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 1 52.5 58.5 63.0 IG3 = 0; IG2= 1; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 0 64.7 73.5 µA µA 82.3 µA IG3 = 0; IG2= 1; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 1 84.0 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 0; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 0 94.5 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 0; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 1 105.0 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 0; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 0 115.5 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 0; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 1 126.0 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 1; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 0 136.5 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 1; IG1 = 0; IG0 = 1 147.0 µA IG3 = 1; IG2= 1; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 0 138.6 IG3 = 1; IG2= 1; IG1 = 1; IG0 = 1 157.5 176.4 168.0 µA µA IG3-IG0 = Don’t Care IGQ1=0; IGQ0=1 9.2 10.57 11.8 µA IG3-IG0 = Don’t Care IGQ1=1; IGQ0=0 64.7 73.5 82.3 µA IG3-IG0 = Don’t Care IGQ1=1; IGQ0=1 138.6 157.5 176.4 µA VPGA Power Good Threshold Accuracy VDRAIN - VEE, High to Low Transition. Default Factory Setting is 47V. VOCI Over current threshold (Insertion) Referenced to VEE VS1 = 0 VS0 = 0 PWRGD = HIGH 45 50 55 mV VS1 = 0 VS0 = 1 Factory Default 90 100 110 mV VS1 = 1 VS0 = 0 135 150 165 mV VS1 = 1 VS0 = 1 180 200 220 mV ±400 mV AC CHARACTERISTICS tSC_RETRY Delay between Retries Factory Default TSC1 = 0 TSC0 = 0 90 100 110 ms TSC1 = 0 TSC0 = 1 450 500 550 ms TSC1 = 1 TSC0 = 0 0.9 1 1.1 s TSC1 = 1 TSC0 = 1 4.5 5 5.5 s 8 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Electrical Specifications Programmable Parameters Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. (Continued) SYMBOL tNF tSPOR tDELAYi PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Noise Filter for Overcurrents MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Factory Default F1 = 0 F0 = 0 0 F1 = 0 F0 = 1 4.5 5 5.5 µs F1 = 1 F0 = 0 9 10 11 µs F1 = 1 F0 = 1 18 20 22 µs Delay before RESET assertion µs Factory Default TPOR1 = 0 TPOR0 = 0 90 100 110 ms TPOR1 = 0 TPOR0 = 1 450 500 550 ms TPOR1 = 1 TPOR0 = 0 0.9 1 1.1 s TPOR1 = 1 TPOR0 = 1 4.5 5 5.5 s Time Delay used in Power Sequencing (i = 1 to 4) Factory Default TiD1 = 0 TiD0 = 0 90 100 110 ms TiD1 = 0 TiD0 = 1 450 500 550 ms TiD1 = 1 TiD0 = 0 0.9 1 1.1 s TiD1 = 1 TiD0 = 1 4.5 5 5.5 s MIN TYP MAX UNIT 2.5 mA 3.0 mA Serial Interface Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS DC CHARACTERISTICS ICC1 (Note 1) Active Supply Current (VDD) Read to Memory or CRs ICC2 (Note 1) Active Supply Current (VDD) Write to Memory or CRs VIL = VCC x 0.1 VIH = VCC x 0.9, fSCL = 400kHz ILI Input Leakage Current (SCL, WP, A0, A1) VIL = GND to VCC 10 µA ILO Output Leakage Current (SDA) VSDA = GND to VCC Device is in Standby (Note 2) 10 µA VIL (Note 3) Input LOW Voltage (SDA, SCL, WP, A0, A1) -0.5 + VEE (VEE + 5) x 0.3 V VIH (Note 3) Input HIGH Voltage (SDA, SCL, WP, A0, A1) (VEE + 5) x 0.7 (VEE + 5) + 0.5 V VHYS VOL Schmitt Trigger Input Hysteresis Fixed input level VEE + 0.2 V VCC related level .05 x (VEE + 5) V Output LOW Voltage (SDA) IOL = 4.0mA (2.7-5.5V) IOL = 2.0mA (2.4-3.6V) VEE + 0.4 V 400 kHz AC CHARACTERISTICS fSCL SCL Clock Frequency tIN Pulse width Suppression Time at inputs 50 tAA SCL LOW to SDA Data Out Valid 0.1 9 ns 1.5 µs FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Serial Interface (Continued) Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT tBUF Time the bus is free before start of new transmission 1.3 µs tLOW Clock LOW Time 1.3 µs tHIGH Clock HIGH Time 0.6 µs tSU:STA Start Condition Setup Time 0.6 µs tHD:STA Start Condition Hold Time 0.6 µs tSU:DAT Data In Setup Time 100 ns tHD:DAT Data In Hold Time 0 µs tSU:STO Stop Condition Setup Time 0.6 µs Data Output Hold Time 50 ns tDH tR SDA and SCL Rise Time 20 +.1Cb (Note 1) 300 ns tF SDA and SCL Fall Time 20 +.1Cb (Note 1) 300 ns tSU:WP WP Setup Time 0.6 µs tHD:WP WP Hold Time 0 µs Cb Capacitive load for each bus line tWC (Note 2) EEPROM Write Cycle Time 5 400 pF 10 ms NOTE: 2. tWC is the time from a valid stop condition at the end of a write sequence to the end of the self-timed internal nonvolatile write cycle. It is the minimum cycle time to be allowed for any nonvolatile write by the user, unless Acknowledge Polling is used. Timing Diagrams tBUF tF tHIGH tR tLOW tBUF SCL tSU:DAT tSU:STA tHD:DAT tSU:STO tHD:STO tHD:STA SDA IN tAA tDH tHD:DAT SDA OUT FIGURE 7. BUS TIMING 10 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 START SCL Clk 1 Clk 9 Slave Address Byte SDA IN tSU:WP tHD:WP WP FIGURE 8. WP PIN TIMING SCL 8th Bit of Last Byte SDA ACK tWC Stop Condition Start Condition FIGURE 9. WRITE CYCLE TIMING Symbol Table WAVEFORM INPUTS OUTPUTS Must be steady Will be steady May change from LOW to HIGH Will change from LOW to HIGH May change from HIGH to LOW Will change from HIGH to LOW Don’t Care: Changes Allowed Changing: State Not Known 11 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Typical Performance Characteristics 1.780 UNDERVOLTAGE 2 THRESHOLD (V) INRUSH CURRENT LIMIT (mV) 52.000 51.000 50.000 49.000 48.000 47.000 46.000 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 12 1.770 1.760 RISING 1.750 1.740 1.730 1.720 FALLING 1.710 1.700 1.690 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 TEMPERATURE 3.92 2.515 3.91 2.510 3.90 3.89 RISING 3.88 3.87 3.86 20 35 50 65 80 2.505 2.500 2.495 2.490 2.485 2.475 -55 -40 -25 -10 3.85 5 95 110 125 5 FIGURE 12. OVERVOLTAGE THRESHOLD vs TEMPERATURE 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 FIGURE 13. ENi THRESHOLD vs TEMPERATURE 2.250 200 2.240 160 150µA 2.230 RISING 2.220 2.210 FALLING 2.200 GATE CURRENT (µA) UNDERVOLTAGE 1 THRESHOLD (V) 20 TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE 2.190 -55 -40 -25 -10 95 110 125 2.480 FALLING -55 -40 -25 -10 80 FIGURE 11. UNDERVOLTAGE 1 THRESHOLD vs TEMPERATURE ENi THRESHOLD (V) OV THRESHOLD (V) FIGURE 10. OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD vs TEMPERATURE 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE 120 70µA 80 50µA 40 10µA 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE 80 FIGURE 14. UNDERVOLTAGE 1 THRESHOLD vs TEMPERATURE 12 95 110 125 0 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE FIGURE 15. IGATE (SOURCE) vs TEMPERATURE FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 (Continued) 11.0 2.5 10.5 2.4 10.0 2.3 9.5 2.2 tOC (µs) GATE CURRENT - SINK (mA) Typical Performance Characteristics 9.0 2.1 8.5 2.0 8.0 1.9 7.5 1.8 1.7 -55 -40 -25 -10 7.0 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 FIGURE 16. IGATE (SINK) vs TEMPERATURE 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 FIGURE 17. tFOC vs TEMPERATURE 1.02 0.750 1.00 tDELAY (NORMALIZED) 0.800 tUV2 0.700 0.650 tUV1 0.600 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.550 0.500 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 0.90 -55 95 110 125 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE FIGURE 18. tFUV vs TEMPERATURE FIGURE 19. tDELAYi vs TEMPERATURE 1.4 1.4 1.3 tOV (µs) tUV (µs) 5 TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 -55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE FIGURE 20. tFOV vs TEMPERATURE 13 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 VUV/OV PWRGD Power Good Logic VOV Ref VEE 2:1 MUX VUV1 Ref VUV2 Ref BATT-ON VRGO VEE FAR Over current logic, Hard short relay, Retry logic status and delay DRAIN 1V Ref VEE 10-160µA GATE VDD VDD Slew Rate Selection IGQ1 IGQ0 Gate Control 5V POR VRGO RESET Programmable VOC REF VEE R R x2 R R x3 36R VEE Over current x4 x1 SDA Control and Fault Registers SENSE Bus Interface VEE Reset Logic and Delay SCL WP A2 A1 MRC MRH VEE VRGO OSC Divider Reset EEPROM 2kbits 4 4 EN1 V1GOOD Select 0.1s 0.5s 1s 5s EN2 VEE V2GOOD delay1 V3GOOD delay2 EN3 delay3 delay4 EN4 V4GOOD Delay circuit repeated 4 times VEE FIGURE 21. BLOCK DIAGRAM 14 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Pin Configuration X80000/X80001 NC VEE FAR BATT-ON PWRGD IGQ1 IGQ0 MRH 32-lead QFN Quad Package 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 VRGO 1 24 NC A0 2 23 MRC V4GOOD 3 22 WP EN4 4 21 RESET V3GOOD 5 20 EN3 6 19 V1GOOD EN1 V2GOOD 7 18 SCL EN2 8 17 SDA (7mm x 7mm) A1 NA DRAIN GATE SENSE VUV/OV VEE VDD 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Pin Descriptions PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 1 VRGO 2 A0 3 V4GOOD 4 EN4 5 V3GOOD 6 EN3 7 V2GOOD 8 EN2 V2 Voltage Enable Input. Second voltage enable pin. If unused connect to VRGO. Regulated 5V output. Used to pull-up user programmable inputs IGQ0, IGQ1, BATT-ON, A1, A0, and WP (if needed). Address Select Input. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) The A0 and A1 bits allow for up to 4 X80000 devices to be used on the same SMBus serial interface. V4 Voltage Good Output. This open drain output goes LOW when EN4 is less than VTRIP4 and goes HIGH when EN4 is greater than VTRIP4. There is a user selectable delay circuitry on this pin. V4 Voltage Enable Input. Fourth voltage enable pin. If unused connect to VRGO. V3 Voltage Good Output (Active Low). This open drain output goes LOW when EN3 is less than VTRIP3 and goes HIGH when EN3 is greater than VTRIP3. There is a user selectable delay circuitry on this pin. V3 Voltage Enable Input. Third voltage enable pin. If unused connect to VRGO. V2 Voltage Good Output (Active Low). This open drain output goes LOW when EN2 is less than VTRIP2 and goes HIGH when EN2 is greater than VTRIP2. There is a user selectable delay circuitry on this pin. 9 VDD Positive Supply Voltage Input. 10 VEE Negative Supply Voltage Input. 11 VUV/OV Analog Undervoltage and Overvoltage Input. Turns off the external N-channel MOSFET when there is an undervoltage or overvoltage condition. 12 SENSE Circuit Breaker Sense Input. This input pin detects the overcurrent condition. 13 GATE Gate Drive Output. Gate drive output for the external N-channel MOSFET. 14 DRAIN Drain. Drain sense input of the external N-channel MOSFET. 15 NA Not Available. Do not connect to this pin. 16 A1 Address Select Input. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) The A0 and A1 bits allow for up to 4 X80000 devices to be used on the same SMBus serial interface. 17 SDA Serial Data. SDA is a bidirectional pin used to transfer data into and out of the device. It has an open drain output and may be wire ORed with other open drain or open collector outputs. This pin requires a pull up resistor and the input buffer is always active (not gated). 18 SCL Serial Clock. The Serial Clock controls the serial bus timing for data input and output. 19 EN1 V1 Voltage Enable Input. First voltage enable pin. If unused connect to VRGO. 15 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Pin Descriptions (Continued) PIN NAME DESCRIPTION 20 V1GOOD V1 Voltage Good Output (Active Low).This open drain output goes LOW when EN1 is less than VTRIP1 and goes HIGH when EN1 is greater than VTRIP1. There is a user selectable delay circuitry on this pin. 21 RESET RESET Output. This open drain pin is an active LOW output. This pin will be active until PWRGD goes active and the power sequencing is complete. This pin will be released after a programmable delay. 22 WP 23 MRC 24 NC No Connect. No internal connections. 25 VEE Negative Supply Voltage Input. 26 NC No Connect. No internal connections. 27 FAR Failure After Re-try (FAR) output signal. Failure After Re-try (FAR) is asserted after a number of retries. Used for Overcurrent and hardshort detection. 28 BATT-ON Battery On Input. This input signals that the battery backup (or secondary supply) is supplying power to the backplane. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) 29 PWRGD Power Good Output. This output pin enables a power module. 30 IGQ1 Gate Current Quick Select Bit 1 Input. This pin is used to change the gate current drive and is intended to allow for current ramp rate control of the gate pin of an external FET. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) 31 IGQ0 Gate Current Quick Select Bit 0 Input. This pin is used to change the gate current drive and is intended to allow for current ramp rate control of the gate pin of an external FET. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) 32 MRH Manual Reset Input Hot-side. Pulling the MRH pin LOW initiates a GATE pin reset (GATE pin pulled LOW). The MRH signal must be held LOW for 5µsecs (minimum). Write Protect. Input Pin. WP HIGH (in conjunction with WPEN bit=1) prevents writes to any memory location in the device. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) Manual Reset Input Cold-side. Pulling the MRC pin HIGH initiates a system side RESET. The MRC signal must be held HIGH for 5µsecs. It has an internal pulldown resistor. (>10MΩ typical) Functional Description Hot Circuit Insertion When circuit boards are inserted into a live backplane, the bypass capacitors at the input of the board’s power module or DC/DC converter can draw huge transient currents as they charge up (See Figure 22). This transient current can cause permanent damage to the board’s components and cause transients on the system power supply. The X80000 is designed to turn on a board’s supply voltage in a controlled manner (see Figure 23), allowing the board to be safely inserted or removed from a live backplane. The device also provides undervoltage, overvoltage and overcurrent protection while keeping the power module (DCDC converter) off until the backplane input voltage is stable and within tolerance. IINRUSH -48V Return R5 30k 1% R4 182K 1% VGATE DC/DC UV=37V VUV/OV Converter X80000 X80001 OV=71V VDD R6 10K 1% VEE SENSE Rs 0.02Ω 5% -48V Iinrush GATE 0.1µF VFET_DRAIN DRAIN 4.7K 100 3.3n Q1 IRFR120 DC/DC Converter PWRGD 100K -48V FIGURE 22. TYPICAL -48V HOTSWAP APPLICATION CIRCUIT 16 FIGURE 23. TYPICAL INRUSH WITH GATE SLEW RATE CONTROL FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Overvoltage and Undervoltage Shutdown Voltage divider: VP TABLE 1. OVERVOLTAGE/UNDERVOLTAGE DEFAULT THRESHOLDS VUV/OV or: R1 + R2 V S = V UV ⁄ OV ---------------------- R2 R2 VN FIGURE 24. OVERVOLTAGE UNDERVOLTAGE DIVIDER 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Operating Voltage BATT-ON = VEE VUV1 BATT-ON = VRGO 222 214 206 198 182 175 VUV2 166 0 VOV 158 A resistor divider connected between the plus and minus input voltages and the VUV/OV pin (see Figure 24) determines the overvoltage and undervoltage shutdown voltages and the operating voltage range. Using the thresholds in Table 1 and the equations of Figure 24 the desired operating voltage can be determined. Figure 25 shows the resistance values for various operating voltages. VS 150 As shown in Figure 26, this circuit block contains comparators and programmable voltage references to monitor the single overvoltage and dual undervoltage trip points. During manufacturing, Intersil programmed the overvoltage and undervoltage trip points as shown in Table 1 below. Custom values are possible. R2 V UV ⁄ OV = V S ---------------------- R1 + R2 R1 OPERATING VOLTAGE (V) When an overvoltage (VOV) or undervoltage (VUV1 and VUV2) condition is detected, the GATE pin will be immediately pulled low. The undervoltage threshold VUV1 applies to the normal operation with a main supply. The undervoltage threshold VUV2 assumes the system is powered by a battery. When using a battery backup, the BATT-ON pin is pulled to VRGO. The default thresholds have been set so the external resistance values determine the overvoltage threshold, a main undervoltage threshold and a battery undervoltage threshold. 190 The X80000 provides overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuits. R1 in kΩ (for R2=10K) FIGURE 25. OPERATING VOLTAGE vs RESISTOR RATIO Battery Back Up Operations THRESHOLD LOCKOUT VOLTAGE (Note 2) SYMBOL DESCRIPTION FALLING RISING MAX/MIN VOLTAGE (Note 1) VOV Overvoltage (X80000) 3.87V 3.9V 74.3 74.9 VOV Overvoltage (X80001) 3.51V 3.54V 67.4 68 VUV1 Undervoltage 1 2.21V 2.24V 43.0 42.4 VUV2 Undervoltage 2 1.73V 1.76V 33.8 33.2 An external signal, BATT-ON, is provided to switch the undervoltage trip point. The BATT-ON signal is a LOGIC HIGH if VIHB > VEE + 4V and is a LOGIC LOW if VILB < VEE + 2V. The time from a BATT-ON input change to a valid new undervoltage threshold is 100ns. See Electrical Specifications for more details. Note: The VUV/OV pin must be limited to less than VEE + 5.5V in worst case conditions. Values for R1 and R2 must be chosen such that this condition is met. Intersil recommends R1 = 182kΩ and R2 = 10kΩ to conform to factory settings. TABLE 2. SELECTING BETWEEN UNDERVOLTAGE TRIP POINTS PIN NOTES: 1. Max/Min Voltage is the maximum and minimum operating voltage assuming the recommended VUV/OV resistor divider. 2. Lockout voltage is the voltage where the X80000/1 turns off the FET. BATT-ON DESCRIPTION TRIP POINT SELECTION Undervoltage Trip If BATT-ON = 0, Point Selection Pin VUV1 trip point is selected; If BATT-ON = 1, VUV2 trip point is selected. VUV1 and VUV2 are undervoltage thresholds. Overvoltage/Undervoltage Fault Condition Flags On any overvoltage or undervoltage violation, the X80000 cuts-off the GATE. This condition also sets the faultovervoltage (FOV) or fault-undervoltage1/2 (FUV1/2) bits low. These bits are readable through the SMBus. To clear the fault bits, the fault condition must first be rectified (by the 17 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 system) then cleared by a write to Fault Detection Register. Please refer to FDR section. See Table 2. TABLE 3. OVERVOLTAGE/UNDERVOLTAGE FLAG BITS SYMBOL FOV FUV1/2 VIOLATION (ON) NORMAL (OFF) FOV = 0, when VUV/OV > VOV (Overvoltage) FOV = 1, when VUV/OV < VOV + 0.2V and reset by a write operation FUV1/2 = 0, when VUV/OV < VUV1/2 (Undervoltage) FUV1/2 = 1, when VUV/OV > VUV1/2 - 0.2V and reset by a write operation R1=182K R2=10K -48V VOV VUV1 + UV flag_1 2:1 Mux Programmable VREF UV Flag Programmable VREF + VUV2 To Gate Control Overvoltage Flag Programmable VREF After the PWRGD signal is asserted, the X80000 switches back to the normal overcurrent setting. The overcurrent threshold voltage during insertion can be changed from 50mV to 100mV, 150mV, or 200mV, by setting bits in Control Register CR4. Overcurrent Shut-down To Gate Control Control & Status Registers UV flag_2 Intersil’s X80000 provides a safety mechanism during insertion of the board into the back plane. During insertion of the board into the backplane large currents may be induced. In order to prevent premature shut down of the external FET, the X80000 allows for a choice of up to 4 times the overcurrent setting during insertion. After the Power FET turns off due to an overcurrent condition, a retry circuit turns the FET back on after a delay of tSC_RETRY. If the overcurrent condition remains, the FET again turns off. This sequence repeats until the overcurrent condition is released. There are various other options that program the retry circuit to change the number of retries or to not retry. An optional output signal, FAR, indicates a failure after retry. VUV/OV + For example a 20mΩ sense resistor sets the overcurrent level to 2.5A. Fault Bits FOV FUV1/2 SMBus SDA SCL BATT_ON FIGURE 26. PROGRAMMABLE UNDERVOLTAGE AND OVERVOLTAGE FOR PRIMARY AND BATTERY BACKUP Overcurrent Protection (Circuit Breaker Function) The X80000 overcurrent circuit provides the following functions: • Overcurrent shut-down of the power FET and external power good indicators. • Noise filtering of the current monitor input. • Relaxed overcurrent limits for initial board insertion. • Overcurrent recovery retry operation. As shown in Figure 27, this circuit block contains a resistor ladder, a comparator, a noise filter and a programmable voltage reference to monitor for overcurrent conditions. The overcurrent voltage threshold (VOC) is 50mV. This can be factory set, by special order, to any setting between 30mV and 100mV. VOC is the voltage between the SENSE and VEE pins and across the RSENSE resistor. If the selected sense resistor is 20mΩ, then 50mV corresponds to an overcurrent of 2.5A. If an overcurrent condition is detected, the GATE is turned off, all power good indicators go inactive and an overcurrent failure bit (FOC) is set. Overcurrent Noise Filter The X80000 has a noise (low pass) filter built into the overcurrent comparator. The comparator will thus ignore current spikes shorter than 5µs. Other filter options are provided by setting control bits in register CR4. The control bits set the comparator to ignore current spikes shorter that 5µs, 10µs or 20µs and allow the filter to be turned off. TABLE 4. NOISE FILTER FOR OVER CURRENTS • Flag of overcurrent fault condition. • Flag of overcurrent retry failure. A sense resistor, placed in the supply path between VEE and SENSE (see Figure 22) generates a voltage internal to the X80000. When this voltage exceeds 50mV, an over current condition exists and an internal “circuit breaker” trips, turning off the gate drive to the external FET. The actual overcurrent level is dependent on the value of the current sense resistor. 18 F1 F0 tNF (maximum noise input pulse width) 0 0 0µs 0 1 5µs 1 0 10µs 1 1 20µs FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Failure After Re-Try Programmable Voltage Reference Overcurrent Logic and Gate Control Block 36R 0µs 2 bit 5µs noise filtering 10µs 20µs R 3x R R 4x 2x – 1x R -48V + Short-Circuit Retry Logic and System Monitors FAR VEE Retry Delay Fault Bit FAR_STAT Retry Counter Nretry Control Registers SMBus SCL SDA RSense Overcurrent Event FIGURE 27. OVERCURRENT DETECTION/SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION WITH PROGRAMMBLE RETRY AND FLAG MONITORS Overcurrent During Insertion Insertion is defined as the first plug-in of the board to the backplane. In this case, the X80000 is initially fully powered off prior to the hot plug connection to the mains supply. This condition is different from a situation where the mains supply has temporarily failed resulting in a partial recycle of the power. This second condition will be referred to as a power cycle. During insertion, the board can experience high levels of current for short periods of time as power supply capacitors charge up on the power bus. To prevent the overcurrent sensor from turning off the FET inadvertently, the X80000 has the ability to allow more current to flow through the powerFET and the sense resistor for a short period of time until the FET turns on and the PWRGD signal goes active. In the standard setting, 200mV is allowed across sense resistor the during insertion (10A assuming a 20mW resistor). Two bits in register CR4 select the insertion current limit of 1X, 2X, 3X or 4X the base setting of 50mV. This provides a mechanism to reduce insertion issues associated with huge current surges. TABLE 5. INSERTION OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD OPTIONS VS1 VS0 VOCI 0 0 50mV (1X) 0 1 100mV (2X) 1 0 150mV (3X) 1 1 200mV (4X) Hardshort Protection - Programmable Retry In the event on an overcurrent or hard short condition, the X80000 includes a retry circuit. This circuit waits for 100ms, then attempts to again turn on the FET. If the fault condition 19 still exists, the FET turns off and a retry counter (SC_Counter) increments. After the selected number of failed trys, the X80000 sets a Failed After Retry Status (FAR_STAT) fault bit, sets the FAR pin LOW and goes into an idle state. In this state the GATE pin will not go active until the device is cleared. The retry circuit can be programmed to handle the retry operation in one of eight ways (See Table 6). The options allow retries from zero to unlimited and specifies when to assert the FAR (Failure After Re-Try) signal. In the “Always Retry” case there is no idle state, so when the overcurrent condition clears, the GATE goes active and the FET turns on. There are four optional retry delay periods. These are 100ms, 500ms, 1s, and 5s. These are programmed by bits located in the CR2 register. After FAR is asserted, there are two ways to clear the hardshort protection: 1. Master Reset Hot Side. The master reset pin, MRH, can be asserted by pulling it LOW. Upon MRH assertion, all default values are restored and the retry is cleared. 2. Power cycle the part, turning VDD OFF, then ON. If an overcurrent condition does not occur on any retry, the gate pin will proceed to open at the user defined slew rate. Overcurrent Fault Condition Flags On any overcurrent violation, the X80000 will cut-off the GATE, turning off the voltage to the load, and setting all power good pins to their disabled state. In this condition, the fault-overcurrent bit (FOC) goes LOW. To clear FOC, remove the over current condition, then write to the control register. Refer to instructions on writing to the FDR (See Table 8). FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 TABLE 6. RETRY AND EVENT SEQUENCE OPTIONS NR2 NR1 NR0 NRETRY AND RETRY SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (FAILURE MODE) 0 0 0 Always Retry, Do Not assert FAR pin (Default) 0 0 1 NRETRY = 1 (one retry), assert FAR pin after NRETRY, STOP retry, and shutoff GATE pin 0 1 0 NRETRY = 2 (two retries), assert FAR pin after NRETRY, STOP retry, and shutoff GATE pin 0 1 1 NRETRY = 3 (three retries), assert FAR pin after NRETRY, STOP retry, and shutoff GATE pin 1 0 0 NRETRY = 4 (four retries), assert FAR pin after NRETRY, STOP retry, and shutoff GATE pin 1 0 1 NRETRY = 5 (five retries), assert FAR pin after NRETRY, STOP retry, and shutoff GATE pin 1 1 0 Always Retry, assert FAR pin after 1st retry; clear FAR when FOC cleared, do not shutoff GATE pin. 1 1 1 NRETRY = 0 (no retry), asset FAR, and shutoff GATE pin. The X80000 provides an IGATE current of 50µA to provide on-chip slew rate control to minimize inrush current. This current is programmable from 10µA to 160uA (in 10µA steps) to allow the X80000 to support various load conditions (See Figure 23 and Figure 28). IGATE is chosen to limit the inrush current and to provide the best charge time for a given load, while avoiding overcurrent conditions. The user programs the IGATE current using four IGATE control bits. IGATE =160µA Overcurrent 100µA INRUSH CURRENT When exceeding the overcurrent retry limit, the status bit “FAR_STAT” is set to ‘1’ and the FAR pin is asserted. To clear FAR_STAT, write to the control register. Refer to instructions on writing to the FDR (See Table 9). IGATE 75µA 25µA 10µA T1 T2 T3 T4 TIME (ms) T5 FIGURE 28. SELECTING IGATE CURRENT FOR SLEW RATE CONTROL ON THE GATE PIN TSC1 TSC0 tSC_RETRY, DELAY BETWEEN RETRIES 0 0 100 miliseconds 0 1 500 miliseconds 1 0 1 second For applications that require different ramp rates during insertion and start-up and operations modes, the X80000 provides two external pins, IGQ1 and IGQ0, that allow the user to switch to different GATE currents on-the-fly by selecting one of four pre-selected IGATE currents. When IGQ0 and IGQ1 are left unconnected, the gate current is determined by the gate control bits. The other three settings are 10µA, 70µA and 150µA. Typically, the delay from IGQ1 and IGQ0 selection to a change in the GATE pin current is less than 1 µsecond. 1 1 5 seconds Programmable Slew Rate (Gate) Control TABLE 7. RETRY EVENT DELAY OPTIONS TABLE 8. OVERCURRENT FLAG BIT STATUS BIT VIOLATION (ON) FOC FOC = 0, when VRSENSE > VOC NORMAL (OFF) FOC = 1, when: VRSENSE < VOC - 0.2V and reset by a write operation or hardshort retry is initiated. TABLE 9. RETRY COUNT FAILURE STATUS BIT STATUS BIT FAR_STAT CONDITION As shown in Figure 29, this circuit block contains a selectable current source (IGATE) that drives the 50µA current into the GATE pin. This current provides a controlled slew rate for the FET. X80000 allows the user to change the gate current to one of sixteen possible IGATE values. The options allow currents of between 10µA to 160µA in 10µA increments. Once the overcurrent condition and the amount of load is known, an appropriate slew rate can be determined and selected for the external FET. This will ensure proper if FAR_STAT = 1, FAR is asserted. if FAR_STAT = 0, FAR is deasserted Gate Drive Output Slew Rate (Inrush Current) Control The gate output drives an external N-Channel FET. The GATE pin goes high when no overcurrent, undervoltage or overvoltage conditions exist. 20 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 operation to control Inrush currents during hot insertion modes. Gate Current Quick Select Logic VDD=12V 10µA to 160µA VEE SENSE GATE Slew Rate Selection Logic IGQ1 IGQ0 Control Registers SCL SDA SMBus DRAIN voltage from rising and keep the FET from turning on. However, unless VDD powers up very quickly, there will be a brief period of time during initial application of power when the X80000 circuits cannot hold the gate low. The use of an external capacitor (C1) prevents this. Capacitors C1 and C2 form a voltage divider to prevent the gate voltage from rising above the FET turn on threshold before the X80000 can hold the gate low. Use the following formula for choosing C1. V1 – V2 C1 = ---------------------C2 V2 Where: 100nF* R2 100* 22K C2 3.3nF V1 = Maximum input voltage, 100K V2 = FET threshold Voltage, C1 = Gate capacitor, -48V LOAD IINRUSH RSENSE * Optional Components See Section “Gate Capacitor, Filtering and Feedback” FIGURE 29. PROGRAMMBLE SLEW RATE (INRUSH CURRENT) CONTROL Software Slew Rate Control Users can adjust the slew rate control by using an SMBus write command to change the slew rate control bits. This allows adaptation in the case of changing load conditions, creates a modular design for downstream DC-DC supplies, and provides control of the load on the hot voltage when slew rates vs. loads vary. Gate Capacitor, Filtering and Feedback In Figure 29, the FET control circuit includes an FET feedback capacitor C2, which provides compensation for the FET during turn on. The capacitor value depends on the load, the FET gate current, and the maximum desired inrush current. The value of C2 can be selected with the following formula: C2 = Feedback capacitor. In a system where VDD rises very fast, a smaller value of C1 may suffice as the X80000 will control voltage at the gate before the voltage can rise to the FET turn on threshold. The circuit of Figure 29 assumes that the input voltage can rise to 80V before the X80000 sees operational voltage on VDD. If C1 is used then the series resistor R1 will be required to prevent high frequency oscillations. TABLE 10. IGATE OUTPUT CURRENT OPTIONS IG3 IG2 IG1 IG0 IGATE (µA) 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 1 20 0 0 1 0 30 0 0 1 1 40 0 1 0 0 50 0 1 0 1 60 0 1 1 0 70 I GATE × C LOAD C2 = -----------------------------------------I INRUSH 0 1 1 1 80 1 0 0 0 90 Where: 1 0 0 1 100 1 0 1 0 110 IINRUSH = Maximum desired inrush current 1 0 1 1 120 CLOAD = DC/DC bulk capacitance 1 1 0 0 130 1 1 0 1 140 1 1 1 0 150 1 1 1 1 160 IGATE = FET Gate current With the X80000, there is some control of the gate current with the IGQ pins and IGx bits, so one selection of C2 can cover a wide range of possible loading conditions. Typical values for C2 range from 2.2 to 4.7nF. When power is applied to the system, the FET tries to turn on due to its internal gate to drain capacitance (Cgd) and the feedback capacitor C2 (see Figure 29). The X80000 device, when powered, pulls the gate output low to prevent the gate 21 Default GATE Current Quick Selection For applications that require different ramp rates during insertion and start-up and operations modes or those where the serial interface is not available, the X80000 provides two FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 external pins, IGQ1 and IGQ0, that allow the system to switch to different GATE current on-the-fly with pre-selected IGATE currents. PWRGD The IGQ1 and IGQ0 pins can be used to select from one of four set values. – IGQ1 PIN IGQ0 PIN 0 0 Defaults to gate current set by IG3:IG0 bits 0 1 Gate Current is 10µA – 1 0 Gate Current is 70µA + 1 1 Gate Current is 150µA Power Good Logic ∆VDRAIN VEE + 1V (Factory Programmable) CONTENTS ∆VGATE VDD-1V SENSE GATE Typically, the delay from IGQ1 and IGQ0 selection to a change in the GATE pin current is less than 1 µsecond. The X80000 provides a drain sense and power good indicator circuit. The PWRGD signal asserts LOW when there is no overvoltage, no undervoltage, and no overcurrent condition, the Gate voltage exceeds VDD-1V, and the voltage at the DRAIN pin is less VEE+VDRAIN. As shown in Figure 30, this circuit block contains a drain sense voltage trip point (∆VDRAIN) and a gate voltage trip point (∆VGATE), two comparators, and internal voltage references. These provide both a drain sense and a gate sense circuit to determine the whether the FET has turned on as requested. If so, the power good indicator (PWRGD) goes active. The drain sense circuit checks the DRAIN pin. If the voltage on this pin is greater that 1V above VEE, then a fault condition exists. The gate sense circuit checks the GATE pin. If the voltage on this pin is less than VEE - 1V, then a fault condition exists. The PWRGD signal asserts (Logic LOW) only when all of the below conditions are true: • there is no overvoltage or no undervoltage condition, (i.e. undervoltage < VEE < overvoltage.) • There is no overcurrent condition (i.e. VEE - VSENSE < VOC.) • The FET is turned on (i.e. VDRAIN < VEE + 1V and VGATE > VDD - 1V). 22 SCL SDA SMBus VEE Drain Sense and Power Good Indicator Control/Status Registers DRAIN 100K -48V LOAD RSENSE FIGURE 30. DRAIN SENSE AND POWER GOOD INDICATOR Power On Reset and System Reset With Delay Application of power to the X80000 activates a Power On Reset circuit that pulls the RESET pin active. This signal, if used, provides several benefits. • It prevents the system microprocessor from starting to operate with insufficient voltage. • It prevents the processor from operating prior to stabilization of the oscillator. • It allows time for an FPGA to download its configuration prior to initialization of the circuit. • It prevents communication to the EEPROM during unstable power conditions, greatly reducing the likelihood of data corruption on power up. The SPOR/RESET circuit is activated when all voltages are within specified ranges and the following time-out conditions are met: PWRGD and V1GOOD, V2GOOD, V3GOOD, and V4GOOD. The SPOR/RESET circuit will then wait 100ms and assert the RESET pin. The SPOR delay may be changed by setting the TPOR bits in register CR2. The delay can be set to 100 ms, 500 ms, 1 second, or 5 seconds. TABLE 11. SPOR RESET DELAY OPTIONS TPOR1 TPOR0 tSPOR DELAY BEFORE RESET ASSERTION 0 0 100 miliseconds (default) 0 1 500 miliseconds 1 0 1 second 1 1 5 seconds FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Fault Detection Register OSC VRGO Divider Reset SMBus Interface Control Register 4 4 EN1 V1GOOD Select 0.1s 0.5s 1s 5s EN2 V2GOOD delay1 V3GOOD delay2 EN3 delay3 delay4 EN4 V4GOOD Delay circuit repeated 4 times VEE FIGURE 32. VOLTAGE ENABLE CONTROL AND VGOOD OUTPUTS delay time can be changed by setting bits in register CR2 (See Figure 32). Drain Sense & Power Good Logic As shown in Figure 32, this circuit block contains four separate voltage enable inputs, a time delay circuit, and an output driver. PWRGD Enable Logic TABLE 12. ViGOOD OUTPUT TIME DELAY OPTIONS ViGOOD i = 1 to 4 VDD SPOR RESET µP RESET Logic tSPOR Delay VEE MRC Bus Interface Control Remote & Fault Registers SDA SCL EEPROM 2Kbits FIGURE 31. POWER ON/SYSTEM RESET AND DELAY (BLOCK DIAGRAM) Quad Voltage Monitoring X80000 monitors 4 voltage enable inputs. When the ENi (i=1-4) input is detected to be below the input threshold, the output ViGOOD (i = 1 to 4) goes active. The ViGOOD signal is asserted after a delay of 100ms. This delay can be changed on each ViGOOD output individually with bits in register CR3. The delay can be 100ms, 500ms, 1s and 5s. The ViGOOD signal remains active low until ENi rises above threshold. Once the PWRGD signal is asserted, the power sequencing of the DC-DC modules can commence. RESET will go active 100ms after all ViGOOD (i=1 to 4) outputs are asserted. This 23 TiD1 TiD0 tDELAYi 0 0 100ms 0 1 500ms 1 0 1 secs 1 1 5 secs where i is the ith voltage enable (i = 1 to 4). Manual Reset and Remote Shutdown The manual reset option allows a hardware reset of either the Gate control or the PWRGD indicator. These can be used to recover the system in the event of an abnormal operating condition. The remote shutdown feature of the X80000 allows smart power control remotely through the SMBus. The host system can either override the control of the FET, thus turning it off, or it can remove the override. Removing the override restarts the power up sequence. The X80000 has two manual reset pins: MRH (manual reset hot side) and MRC (manual reset cold side). The MRH signal is used as a manual reset for the GATE pin. This pin is used to initiate Soft Reinsert. When MRH is pulled LOW the GATE pin will be pulled LOW. It also clears the Remote Shutdown Register (RSR) and the FAR signal. When the MRH pin goes HIGH, it removes the override signal and the FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 gate will turn on based on the selected gate control mechanism. Flexible Power Sequencing of Multiple Power Supplies TABLE 13. MANUAL RESET OF THE HOT SIDE (GATE SIGNAL) The X80000 provides several circuits such as multiple voltage enable pins, programmable delays, and a power good signals that can be used to set up flexible power sequencing schemes for downstream DC-DC supplies. Below are two examples: MRH GATE PIN REQUIREMENTS 1 Operational When MRH is HIGH the Manual Reset (Hot) function is disabled and the device operates normally 0 OFF MRH must be held LOW minimum of 5µsecs to turn of the GATE The MRC signal is used as a manual reset for the PWRGD signal. This pin is used to initiate a Soft Restart. When the MRC is pulled HIGH, the PWRGD signal is pulled HIGH. When MRC pin goes LOW, the PWRGD pin goes low using the MRC pin has no affect on the FET gate control, so the FET remains on. TABLE 14. MANUAL RESET OF THE COLD SIDE (PWRGD SIGNAL) MRC PWRGD Requirements 1 HIGH MRC must be held HIGH minimum of 5µsecs to set PWRGD HIGH 0 Operational When MRC is LOW the MRC function is disabled and the device operates normally Fault Detection The X80000 contains a Fault Detection Register (FDR) that provides the user the status of the causes for a RESET pin active (See Table 17). At power-up, the FDR is defaulted to all “0”. The system needs to initialize the register to all “1” before the actual monitoring can take place. In the event that any one of the monitored sources fail, the corresponding bit in the register changes from a “1” to a “0” to indicate the failure (ViGOOD sources set the bit LOW when the ViGOOD goes LOW indicating a “good” status). When a RESET is detected by the main controller, the controller should read of the FDR and note the cause of the fault. After reading the register, the controller can reset the register bit back to all “1” in preparation for future monitored conditions. Remote Shutdown The gate of the external MOSFET can be remotely shutdown by using a software command sequence. A byte write of ‘10101010’ (AAh) data to the Remote Shutdown Register (RSR) will shutdown the gate and the gate will be pulled low. 1. Power Up of DC-DC Supplies In Parallel Sequencing Using Programmable Delays on Power Good (See Figure 33 and Figure 34). Several DC-DC power supplies and their respective power up start times can be controlled using the X80000 such that each of the DC-DC power supplies will start up following the issue of the PWRGD signal. The PWRGD signal is fed into the ENi inputs to the X80000. When PWRGD is valid, the internal voltage enable inputs issue ViGOOD signals after a time delay. The ViGOOD signals control the ON/OFF pins of the DC-DC supplies. In the factory default condition, each DC/DC converter is instructed to turn on 100ms after the PWRGD goes active. However, each ViGOOD delay is individually selectable as 100ms, 500ms, 1s and 5s. The delay times are changed via the SMBus during calibration of the system. 2. Power Up of DC-DC Supplies Via Relay Sequencing Using Power Good and Voltage Enables (see Figure 35 and Figure 36). Several DC-DC power supplies and their respective power up start times can be controlled using the X80000 such that each of the DC-DC power supplies will start in a relay sequencing fashion. The 1st DC-DC supply will power up when PWRGD is LOW after a 100ms delay. Subsequent DC-DC supplies will power up after the prior supply has reached its operating voltage. One way to do this is by using an external CPU Supervisor (for example the Intersil X40430) to monitor the DC-DC output. When the DC/DC voltage is good, the supervisor output signals the X80000 EN1 input to sequence the next supply. An opto-coupler is recommended in this connection for isolation. This configuration ensures that each subsequent DC-DC supply will power up after the preceding DC-DC supplys voltage output is valid. Again, the X80000 offers programmable delays for each voltage enable input that is selectable via the SMBus during calibration of the system. Activating the MRH pin or a writing 00h into the RSR will turn off the override signal and the gate will turn on based on the gate control mechanism. The RSR powers up with ‘0’s in the register and its contents are volatile. 24 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 -48V Return R4 182K 1% R5 30K 1% V4GOOD EN4 MRC MRH V3GOOD EN3 UV=37V X80000 X80001 VUV/OV OV=71V V2GOOD EN2 VDD R6 10K 1% VEE V1GOOD EN1 SENSE GATE 4.7K 100 3.3n 100K 0.1µF Rs -48V -48V Return 0.02Ω 5% C4 100µF 100V 1 C6 + 0.1µF 100V C7 100µF 100V 4 -48V Return 1 C9 + 0.1µF 100V C10 100µF 100V 4 -48V Return 1 C12 + 0.1µF 100V OPTO COUPLER PWRGD RESET 4 -48V Return OPTO COUPLER Q1 IRFR120 1 C3 + 0.1µF 100V DRAIN RESET PWRGD C13 100µF 100V 4 ON/OFF VIN+ VOUT+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VIN+ VOUT+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VIN+ VOUT+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VIN+ VOUT+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVOUT VIN- 9 8 7 6 5 3.3V + C5 100µF 16V RESET VCC1 VCC2 µC 2.5V + C8 100µF 16V VCC1 VCC2 FPGA 1.8V + C11 100µF 16V VCC1 VCC2 ASIC 1.2V + C14 100µF 16V FIGURE 33. TYPICAL APPLICATION OF HOTSWAP AND DC-DC PARALLEL POWER SEQUENCING 25 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec FET turns ON EN2 In (from PWRGD) tDELAY1 Select tDELAYx and tRESET via the 2-wire interface. Programmable Delay Power Supply #1 turns ON V1GDO Power Supply #1 OUTPUT (3.3V) 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN2 Programmable Delay tDELAY2 Power Supply #2 turns ON V2GDO Power Supply #2 OUTPUT (2.5V) 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN3 Programmable Delay tDELAY3 Power Supply #3 turns ON V3GDO Power Supply #3 OUTPUT (1.8V) 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN4 Programmable Delay tDELAY4 Power Supply #4 turns ON V4GDO Power Supply #4 OUTPUT (1.2V) tRESET 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec Programmable Delay RESET FIGURE 34. PARALLEL SEQUENCING OF DC-DC SUPPLIES (TIMING) 26 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 R5 30k 1% MRC MRH R4 182k 1% V4GOOD EN4 V3GOOD EN3 UV=37V OPTO COUPLER -48V Return X80000 VUV/OV V2GOOD EN2 X80001 VFAIL<1:3> X80000, X80001 X40430 (Optional) OV=71V VDD R6 10k 1% VEE V1GOOD EN1 SENSE GATE 4.7K 100 3.3n 100K 0.1µF Rs -48V -48V Return 0.02Ω 5% C4 100µF 100V C7 100µF 100V 4 -48V Return 1 C9 + 0.1µF 100V C10 100µF 100V 4 -48V Return 1 C12 + 0.1µF 100V OPTO COUPLER RESET 1 C6 + 0.1µF 100V VMON<1:3> PWRGD 4 -48V Return OPTO COUPLER Q1 IRFR120 1 C3 + 0.1µF 100V DRAIN RESET PWRGD C13 100µF 100V 4 ON/OFF VOUT+ VIN+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VOUT+ VIN+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VOUT+ VIN+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 ON/OFF VOUT+ VIN+ SENSE+ TRIM SENSEVINVOUT 9 8 7 6 5 3.3V + C5 100µF 16V RESET VCC1 VCC2 µC 2.5V + C8 100µF 16V VCC1 VCC2 FPGA 1.8V + C11 100µF 16V VCC1 VCC2 ASIC 1.2V + C14 100µF 16V FIGURE 35. TYPICAL APPLICATION OF HOTSWAP AND DC-DC RELAY SEQUENCING 27 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec FET turns ON EN2 In (from PWRGD) tDELAY1 Select tDELAYx and tRESET via the 2-wire interface. Programmable Delay Power Supply #1 turns ON V1GDO Power Supply #1 OUTPUT (3.3V) V2MON threshold 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN2 tDELAY2 Programmable Delay Power Supply #2 turns ON V2GDO Power Supply #2 OUTPUT (2.5V) V3MON threshold 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN3 tDELAY3 Programmable Delay Power Supply #3 turns ON V3GDO Power Supply #3 OUTPUT (1.8V) V4MON threshold 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec EN4 tDELAY4 Programmable Delay Power Supply #4 turns ON V4GDO Power Supply #4 OUTPUT (1.2V) tRESET 100ms 500ms 1sec 5sec Programmable Delay RESET FIGURE 36. RELAY SEQUENCING OF DC-DC SUPPLIES (TIMING) Control Registers and Memory Registers The user addressable internal control, status and memory components of the X80000 can be split up into four parts: The Control Registers, Remote Shutdown Register and Fault Detection Register are summarized in Table 15. Changing bits in these registers change the operation of the device or clear fault conditions. Reading bits from these registers provides information about device configuration or fault conditions. Reads and writes are done through the SMBus serial port. It is important to remember that, in most cases, the SMBus serial port must be isolated between the X80000, which is referenced to -48V, and the system controller, which is referenced to ground. • Control Register (CR) • Fault Detection Register (FDR) • Remote Shutdown Register (RSR) • EEPROM array 28 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Bits in the registers can be modified by performing a single byte write operation directly to the address of the register and only one data byte can change for each register write operation. All of the Control Register bits are nonvolatile (except for the WEL bit), so they do not change when power is removed. The values of the Register Block can be read at any time by performing a random read (see Serial Interface) at the specific byte address location. Only one byte is read by each register read operation. TABLE 15. REGISTER ADDRESS MAP BYTE REGISTER ADDR. NAME BIT DESCRIPTION 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 MEMORY TYPE 00H CR0 Control Register 0 WEL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Volatile 01H CR1 Control Register 1 WPEN 0 0 BP1 BP0 NR2 NR1 NR0 EEPROM 02H CR2 Control Register 2 IG3 IG2 IG1 IG0 TPOR1 TPOR0 TSC1 TSC0 EEPROM 03H CR3 Control Register 3 T4D1 T4D0 T3D1 T3D0 T2D1 T2D0 T1D1 T1D0 EEPROM 04H CR4 Control Register 4 VS1 VS0 F1 F0 0 0 0 0 EEPROM 05H RSR (Note 1) Remote Shutdown Register FF FDR Fault Detection Register Volatile AAh: Override FET control and shutdown the FET 00h: Turn off override (All other data combinations to RSR are reserved.) FOV FUV1/2 FOC FAR_ STAT V40S V30S V20S V10S Volatile (1) This register is write only TABLE 16. FAULT DETECTION BITS SUMMARY LOCATION(S) SYMBOL REGISTER BITS CONTROL FUNCTION/ STATUS INDICATION FAR_STAT FDR 4 Retry Violation FOC FDR 5 Overcurrent Violation FOC = 0 : Over current detected (must be preset to 1). FOV FDR 7 Overvoltage Violation FOV = 0 : Over voltage detected (must be preset to 1). FUV1/2 FDR 6 Undervoltage Violation FUV1/2 = 0 : Under voltage detected (must be preset to 1). V1OS FDR 0 1st Voltage Good V1OS = 0 : V1GOOD pin has been asserted (must be preset to 1). V2OS FDR 1 2nd Voltage Good V2OS = 0 : V2GOOD pin has been asserted (must be preset to 1). V3OS FDR 2 3rd Voltage Good V3OS = 0 : V3GOOD pin has been asserted (must be preset to 1). V4OS FDR 3 4th Voltage Good V4OS = 0 : V4GOOD pin has been asserted (must be preset to 1). 29 DESCRIPTION FAR_STAT = 0 : Failure After retry detected (must be preset to 1). FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 TABLE 17. HARDWARE/SOFTWARE CONTROL AND FAULT DETECTION BITS SUMMARY LOCATION(S) SYMBOL REGISTER BITS CONTROL FUNCTION/ STATUS INDICATION DESCRIPTION SOFTWARE CONTROL BITS F0 F1 CR4 5:4 Insertion Current Filter F1=0, F0=0 ; tNF = 0 F1=0, F0=1 ; tNF = 5µs F1=1, F0=0 ; tNF = 10µs F1=1, F0=1 ; tNF = 20µs IG0 IG1 IG2 IG3 CR2 7:4 Gate Current Select See Table 10. NR0 NR1 NR2 CR1 2:0 Retry Sequence Options See Table 6. T1D0 T1D1 CR3 1:0 V1GOOD Time Delay T2D0 T2D1 CR3 3:2 V2GOOD Time Delay T3D0 T3D1 CR3 5:4 V3GOOD Time Delay T4D0 T4D1 CR3 7:6 V4GOOD Time Delay TPOR0 TPOR1 CR2 3:2 RESET delay time TSC0 TSC1 CR2 1:0 Overcurrent Retry Delay Time VS0 VS1 CR4 7:6 Insertion Overcurrent Limit WEL CR0 7 Write Enable WEL = 1 enables write operations to the control registers and EEPROM. WEL = 0 prevents write operations. WPEN CR1 7 Write Protect WPEN = 1 (and WP pin HIGH) prevents writes to the control registers and the EEPROM. BP1 BP0 CR1 4:3 EEPROM Block Protect TiD1=0, TiD0=0 : ViGOOD delay = 100ms TiD1=0, TiD0=1 : ViGOOD delay = 500ms TiD1=1, TiD0=0 : ViGOOD delay = 1s TiD1=1, TiD0=1 : ViGOOD delay = 5s TPOR1=0, TPOR0=0 : RESET delay = 100ms TPOR1=0, TPOR0=1 : RESET delay = 500ms TPOR1=1, TPOR0=0 : RESET delay = 1s TPOR1=1, TPOR0=1 : RESET delay = 5s TSC1=0, TSC0=0 ; tSC_RETRY = 100ms TSC1=0, TSC0=1 ; tSC_RETRY = 500ms TSC1=1, TSC0=0 ; tSC_RETRY = 1s TSC1=1, TSC0=1 ; tSC_RETRY = 5s VS1=0, VS0=0 ; Insertion Overcurrent Limit = 1X VS1=0, VS0=1 ; Insertion Overcurrent Limit = 2X VS1=1, VS0=0 ; Insertion Overcurrent Limit = 3X VS1=1, VS0=1 ; Insertion Overcurrent Limit = 4X BP1=0, BP0=0 : No EEPROM memory protected. BP1=0, BP0=1 : Upper 1/4 of EEPROM memory protected BP1=1, BP0=0 : Upper 1/2 of EEPROM memory protected. BP1=1, BP0=1 : All of EEPROM memory protected. HARDWARE SELECT BITS IGQ0 IGQ1 Input pins Gate Current Select BATTON Input pin Main or Battery 30 IGQ1=0, IGQ0=0 : IGATE = set by IG0-IG3 IGQ1=0, IGQ0=1 : IGATE = 10µA IGQ1=1, IGQ0=0 : IGATE = 70µA IGQ1=1, IGQ0=1 : IGATE = 150µA BATTON = 0 ; Undervoltage Threshold = VUV1 BATTON = 1 ; Undervoltage Threshold = VUV2 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Memory Note, a write to FDR or RSR does not require that WEL=1. The X80000 contains a 2kbit EEPROM memory array. This array can contain information about manufacturing location and dates, board configuration, fault conditions, service history, etc. Access to this memory is through the SMBus serial port. Read and write operations are similar to those of the control registers, but a single command can write up to 16 bytes at one time. A single read command can return the entire contents of the EEPROM memory. BP1 and BP0: Block Protect Bits BP0 In order to reduce the possibility of inadvertent changes to either a control register of the contents of memory, several protection mechanisms are built into the X80000. These are a Write Enable Latch, Block Protect bits, a Write Protect Enable bit and a Write Protect pin. BP1 Register and Memory Protection The Block Protect Bits, BP1 and BP0, determines which blocks of the memory array are write protected. A write to a protected block of memory is ignored. The block protect bits will prevent write operations to one of four segments of the array. PROTECTED ADDRESSES (SIZE) 0 0 None (Default) None (Default) 0 1 C0h - FFh (64 bytes) Upper 1/4 1 0 80h - FFh (128 bytes) Upper 1/2 1 1 00h - FFh (256 bytes) All ARRAY LOCK WEL: Write Enable Latch WPEN: Write Protect Enable A write enable latch (WEL) bit controls write accesses to the nonvolatile registers and the EEPROM memory array in the X80000. This bit is a volatile latch that powers up in the LOW (disabled) state. While the WEL bit is LOW, writes to any address (registers or memory) will be ignored. The WEL bit is set by writing a “1” to the WEL bit and zeroes to the other bits of the control register 0 (CR0). It is important to write only 00h or 80h to the CR0 register. The Write Protect pin and Write Protect Enable bit in the CR1 register control the Programmable Hardware Write Protect feature. Hardware Protection is enabled when the WP pin is HIGH and WPEN bit is HIGH and disabled when WP pin is LOW or the WPEN bit is LOW. When the chip is Hardware Write Protected, non-volatile writes to all control registers (CR1, CR2, CR3, and CR4) are disabled including BP bits, the WPEN bit itself, and the blocked sections in the memory Array. Only the section of the memory array that are not block protected can be written. Once set, WEL remains set until either it is reset to 0 (by writing a “0” to the WEL bit and zeroes to the other bits of the control register) or until the part powers up again. TABLE 18. WRITE PROTECT CONDITIONS WEL WP WPEN MEMORY ARRAY NOT BLOCK PROTECTED LOW X X Writes Blocked Writes Blocked Writes Blocked Hardware HIGH LOW X Writes Enabled Writes Blocked Writes Enabled Software HIGH HIGH LOW Writes Enabled Writes Blocked Writes Enabled Software HIGH HIGH HIGH Writes Enabled Writes Blocked Writes Blocked Hardware 31 MEMORY ARRAY BLOCK PROTECTED WRITES TO CR1, CR2, CR3, CR4 PROTECTION FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Bus Interface Information Interface Conventions The device supports a bidirectional bus oriented protocol. The protocol defines any device that sends data onto the bus as a transmitter, and the receiving device as the receiver. The device controlling the transfer is called the master and the device being controlled is called the slave. The master always initiates data transfers, and provides the clock for both transmit and receive operations. Therefore, the devices in this family operate as slaves in all applications. It should be noted that the ninth clock cycle of the read operation is not a “don’t care.” To terminate a read operation, the master must either issue a stop condition during the ninth cycle or hold SDA HIGH during the ninth clock cycle and then issue a stop condition. Serial Clock and Data Data states on the SDA line can change only during SCL LOW. SDA state changes during SCL HIGH are reserved for indicating start and stop conditions (See Figure 37). Serial Start Condition All commands are preceded by the start condition, which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA when SCL is HIGH. The device continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for the start condition and will not respond to any command until this condition has been met. Serial Stop Condition condition is generated by the master, the device will continue to transmit data. The device will terminate further data transmissions if an acknowledge is not detected. The master must then issue a stop condition to return the device to Standby mode and place the device into a known state. SCL SDA Start Stop FIGURE 37. VALID START AND STOP CONDITIONS SCL from Master 1 8 9 Data Output from Transmitter Data Output from Receiver Start Acknowledge FIGURE 38. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER Device Addressing All communications must be terminated by a stop condition, which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA when SCL is HIGH, followed by a HIGH to LOW transition of SCL. The stop condition is also used to place the device into the Standby power mode after a read sequence. Serial Acknowledge Acknowledge is a software convention used to indicate successful data transfer. The transmitting device, either master or slave, will release the bus after transmitting eight bits. During the ninth clock cycle, the receiver will pull the SDA line LOW to acknowledge that it received the eight bits of data (See Figure 38). The device will respond with an acknowledge after recognition of a start condition and if the correct Device Identifier and Select bits are contained in the Slave Address Byte. If a write operation is selected, the device will respond with an acknowledge after the receipt of each subsequent eight bit word. The device will acknowledge all incoming data and address bytes, except for the Slave Address Byte when the Device Identifier and/or Select bits are incorrect. Addressing Protocol Overview Depending upon the operation to be performed on each of these individual parts, a 1, 2 or 3 Byte protocol is used. All operations however must begin with the Slave Address Byte being clocked into the SMBus port on the SCL and SDA pins. The Slave address selects the part of the device to be addressed, and specifies if a Read or Write operation is to be performed. Slave Address Byte Following a START condition, the master must output a Slave Address Byte. This byte consists of three parts: • The Device Type Identifier which consists of the most significant four bits of the Slave Address (SA7 - SA4). The In the read mode, the device will transmit eight bits of data, release the SDA line, then monitor the line for an acknowledge. If an acknowledge is detected and no stop 32 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Device Type Identifier MUST be set to 1010 in order to select the device. • The next two bits (SA3 - SA2) are slave address bits. The bits received via the SMBus are compared to A0 and A1 pins and must match or the communication is aborted. • The next bit, SA1, selects the device memory sector. There are two addressable sectors: the memory array and the control, fault detection and remote shutdown registers. • The Least Significant Bit of the Slave Address (SA0) Byte is the R/W bit. This bit defines the operation to be performed. When the R/W bit is “1”, then a READ operation is selected. A “0” selects a WRITE operation (Refer to Figure 39). EXTERNAL DEVICE ADDRESS DEVICE TYPE IDENTIFIER SA7 1 Memory READ / Select WRITE SA6 SA5 SA4 SA3 SA2 SA1 0 1 0 A1 A0 MS SA0 R/W INTERNAL ADDRESS (SA1) INTERNALLY ADDRESSED DEVICE 0 EEPROM Array 1 Control Register, Fault Detection Register, Remote Shutdown Register BIT SA0 OPERATION 0 WRITE 1 READ FIGURE 39. SLAVE ADDRESS FORMAT Serial Write Operations In order to perform a write operation to either a Control Register or the EEPROM array, the Write Enable Latch (WEL) bit must first be set. Writes to the WEL bit do not cause a high voltage write cycle, so the device is ready for the next operation immediately after the stop condition. Byte Write For a write operation, the device requires the Slave Address Byte and a Word Address Byte. This gives the master access to any one of the words in the array. After receipt of the Word Address Byte, the device responds with an acknowledge, and awaits the next eight bits of data. After receiving the 8 bits of the Data Byte, the device again responds with an acknowledge. The master then terminates the transfer by generating a stop condition, at which time the device begins the internal write cycle to the nonvolatile 33 memory. During this internal write cycle, the device inputs are disabled, so the device will not respond to any requests from the master. The SDA output is at high impedance. A write to a protected block of memory will suppress the acknowledge bit. Page Write The device is capable of a page write operation (See Figure 40). It is initiated in the same manner as the byte write operation; but instead of terminating the write cycle after the first data byte is transferred, the master can transmit an unlimited number of 8-bit bytes. After the receipt of each byte, the device will respond with an acknowledge, and the address is internally incremented by one. The page address remains constant. When the counter reaches the end of the page, it “rolls over” and goes back to ‘0’ on the same page (See Figure 41). This means that the master can write 16 bytes to the page starting at any location on that page. If the master begins writing at location 10, and loads 12 bytes, then the first 6 bytes are written to locations 10 through 15, and the last 6 bytes are written to locations 0 through 5. Afterwards, the address counter would point to location 6 of the page that was just written. If the master supplies more than 16 bytes of data, then new data overwrites the previous data, one byte at a time. The master terminates the Data Byte loading by issuing a stop condition, which causes the device to begin the nonvolatile write cycle. As with the byte write operation, all inputs are disabled until completion of the internal write cycle. Stop and Write Modes Stop conditions that terminate write operations must be sent by the master after sending at least 1 full data byte plus the subsequent ACK signal. If a stop is issued in the middle of a data byte, or before 1 full data byte plus its associated ACK is sent, then the device will reset itself without performing the write. The contents of the array will not be effected. Acknowledge Polling The disabling of the inputs during high voltage cycles can be used to take advantage of the typical 5ms write cycle time. Once the stop condition is issued to indicate the end of the master’s byte load operation, the device initiates the internal high voltage cycle. Acknowledge polling can be initiated immediately. To do this, the master issues a start condition followed by the Slave Address Byte for a write or read operation. If the device is still busy with the high voltage cycle then no ACK will be returned. If the device has completed the write operation, an ACK will be returned and the host can then proceed with the read or write operation (See Figure 44). FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 (1 to n to 16) S t a r t Signals from the Master Byte Address Slave Address SDA Bus Data (1) S t o p Data (n) 0 1 0 1 0 A C K Signals from the Slave A C K A C K A C K FIGURE 40. PAGE WRITE OPERATION 7 Bytes 5 Bytes address pointer ends here Addr = 7 address =6 address 10 address n-1 FIGURE 41. WRITING 12 BYTES TO A 16-BYTE PAGE STARTING AT LOCATION 10 Signals from the Master S t a r t SDA Bus S t a r t Byte Address Slave Address 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 A C K Signals from the Slave S t o p Slave Address 1 A C K A C K Data FIGURE 42. RANDOM ADDRESS READ SEQUENCE Signals from the Master SDA Bus S t a r t S t o p Slave Address 1 1 0 1 0 A C K Signals from the Slave Data FIGURE 43. CURRENT ADDRESS READ SEQUENCE 34 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Current Address Read Internally the device contains an address counter that maintains the address of the last word read incremented by one. Therefore, if the last read was to address n, the next read operation would access data from address n+1. On power up, the address of the address counter is undefined, requiring a read or write operation for initialization. Byte Load Completed by Issuing STOP. Enter ACK Polling Issue START Issue Slave Address Byte (Read or Write) Issue STOP NO ACK Returned? Upon receipt of the Slave Address Byte with the R/W bit set to one, the device issues an acknowledge and then transmits the eight bits of the Data Byte. The master terminates the read operation when it does not respond with an acknowledge during the ninth clock and then issues a stop condition. See Figure 43 or the address, acknowledge, and data transfer sequence. Operational Notes YES The device powers-up in the following state: High Voltage Cycle Complete. Continue Command Sequence? Issue STOP NO YES Continue Normal Read or Write Command Sequence • The device is in the low power standby state. • The WEL bit is set to ‘0’. In this state, it is not possible to write to the device. • SDA pin is the input mode. Data Protection The following circuitry has been included to prevent inadvertent writes: • The WEL bit must be set to allow write operations. PROCEED FIGURE 44. ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING SEQUENCE • The proper clock count and bit sequence is required prior to the stop bit in order to start a nonvolatile write cycle. Serial Read Operations Read operations are initiated in the same manner as write operations with the exception that the R/W bit of the Slave Address Byte is set to one. There are three basic read operations: Current Address Reads, Random Reads, and Sequential Reads. Random Read Random read operation allows the master to access any memory location in the array. Prior to issuing the Slave Address Byte with the R/W bit set to one, the master must first perform a “dummy” write operation. The master issues the start condition and the Slave Address Byte, receives an acknowledge, then issues the Word Address Bytes. After acknowledging receipts of the Word Address Bytes, the master immediately issues another start condition and the Slave Address Byte with the R/W bit set to one. This is followed by an acknowledge from the device and then by the eight bit word. The master terminates the read operation by not responding with an acknowledge and then issuing a stop condition. See Figure 42 for the address, acknowledge, and data transfer sequence. 35 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 Packaging Information 32-Lead Very Very Thin Quad Flat No Lead Package 7mm x 7mm Body with 0.65mm Lead Pitch 0.007 (0.19) 0.009 (0.25) 0.000 (0.00) 0.002 (0.05) 0.009 (0.23) 0.015 (0.38) 0.185 (4.70) 0.025 (0.65) BSC 0.000 (0.00) 0.030 (0.76) 0.185 (4.70) 0.027 (0.70) 0.031 (0.80) PIN 1 INDENT 0.014 (0.35) 0.029 (0.75) 0.271 (6.90) 0.279 (7.10) 0.271 (6.90) 0.279 (7.10) 36 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005 X80000, X80001 All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 37 FN8148.0 March 18, 2005