LT1762 Series 150mA, Low Noise, LDO Micropower Regulators U FEATURES DESCRIPTIO ■ The LT ®1762 series are micropower, low noise, low dropout regulators. The devices are capable of supplying 150mA of output current with a dropout voltage of 270mV. Designed for use in battery-powered systems, the low 25µA quiescent current makes them an ideal choice. Quiescent current is well controlled; it does not rise in dropout as it does with many other regulators. A key feature of the LT1762 regulators is low output noise. With the addition of an external 0.01µF bypass capacitor, output noise drops to 20µVRMS over a 10Hz to 100kHz bandwidth. The LT1762 regulators are stable with output capacitors as low as 2.2µF. Small ceramic capacitors can be used without the series resistance required by other regulators. Internal protection circuitry includes reverse battery protection, current limiting, thermal limiting and reverse current protection. The parts come in fixed output voltages of 2.5V, 3V, 3.3V and 5V, and as an adjustable device with a 1.22V reference voltage. The LT1762 regulators are available in the 8-lead MSOP package. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Low Noise: 20µVRMS (10Hz to 100kHz) Low Quiescent Current: 25µA Wide Input Voltage Range: 1.8V to 20V Output Current: 150mA Very Low Shutdown Current: < 1µA Low Dropout Voltage: 270mV No Protection Diodes Needed Fixed Output Voltages: 2.5V, 3V, 3.3V, 5V Adjustable Output from 1.22V to 20V Stable with 2.2µF Output Capacitor Stable with Aluminum, Tantalum or Ceramic Capacitors Reverse Battery Protection No Reverse Current Overcurrent and Overtemperature Protected 8-Lead MSOP Package U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ Cellular Phones Battery-Powered Systems Frequency Synthesizers Noise-Sensitive Instrumentation Systems , LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. U TYPICAL APPLICATIO Dropout Voltage 3.3V Low Noise Regulator 400 IN 1µF OUT + SENSE LT1762-3.3 SHDN BYP GND 3.3V AT 150mA 20µVRMS NOISE 10µF 0.01µF 1762 TA01 350 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) VIN 3.7V TO 20V 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 1762 TA02 1762fa 1 LT1762 Series W U PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION W W U W (Note 1) IN Pin Voltage ........................................................ ±20V OUT Pin Voltage .................................................... ±20V Input to Output Differential Voltage ....................... ±20V SENSE Pin Voltage ............................................... ±20V ADJ Pin Voltage ...................................................... ±7V BYP Pin Voltage.................................................... ±0.6V SHDN Pin Voltage ................................................. ±20V Output Short-Circut Duration .......................... Indefinite Operating Junction Temperature Range (Note 2) ............................................ – 40°C to 125°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C Order Options Tape and Reel: Add #TR Lead Free: Add #PBF Lead Free Tape and Reel: Add #TRPBF Lead Free Part Marking: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ U ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW OUT SENSE/ADJ* BYP GND 8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 IN NC NC SHDN MS8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC MSOP *PIN 2: SENSE FOR LT1762-2.5/ LT1762-3/LT1762-3.3/LT1762-5 ADJ FOR LT1762 LT1762EMS8 LT1762EMS8-2.5 LT1762EMS8-3 LT1762EMS8-3.3 LT1762EMS8-5 MS8 PART MARKING LTHF LTHG LTHH LTHJ LTHK TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 125°C/ W SEE THE APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SECTION. Consult factory for Industrial and Military grade parts. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are TA = 25°C. (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Minimum Operating Voltage ILOAD = 150mA ● Regulated Output Voltage (Note 4) LT1762-2.5 VIN = 3V, ILOAD = 1mA 3.5V < VIN < 20V, 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA ● LT1762-3 MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.8 2.3 V 2.475 2.435 2.5 2.5 2.525 2.565 V V ● 2.970 2.925 3 3 3.030 3.075 V V ● 3.267 3.220 3.3 3.3 3.333 3.380 V V VIN = 5.5V, ILOAD = 1mA 6V < VIN < 20V, 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA ● 4.950 4.875 5 5 5.050 5.125 V V VIN = 2V, ILOAD = 1mA 2.22V < VIN < 20V, 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA ● 1.208 1.190 1.22 1.22 1.232 1.250 V V 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 mV mV mV mV mV 4 12 25 mV mV 4 15 30 mV mV 5 17 33 mV mV 9 25 50 mV mV 1 6 12 mV mV VIN = 3.5V, ILOAD = 1mA 4V < VIN < 20V, 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA LT1762-3.3 VIN = 3.8V, ILOAD = 1mA 4.3V < VIN < 20V, 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA LT1762-5 ADJ Pin Voltage (Notes 3, 4) LT1762 Line Regulation LT1762-2.5 LT1762-3 LT1762-3.3 LT1762-5 LT1762 (Note 3) ∆VIN = 3V to 20V, ILOAD = 1mA ∆VIN = 3.5V to 20V, ILOAD = 1mA ∆VIN = 3.8V to 20V, ILOAD = 1mA ∆VIN = 5.5V to 20V, ILOAD = 1mA ∆VIN = 2V to 20V, ILOAD = 1mA ● ● ● ● ● Load Regulation LT1762-2.5 VIN = 3.5V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA VIN = 3.5V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA ● VIN = 4V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA VIN = 4V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA ● VIN = 4.3V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA VIN = 4.3V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA ● VIN = 6V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA VIN = 6V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA ● VIN = 2.22V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA VIN = 2.22V, ∆ILOAD = 1mA to 150mA ● LT1762-3 LT1762-3.3 LT1762-5 LT1762 (Note 3) 1762fa 2 LT1762 Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are TA = 25°C. (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Dropout Voltage VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 1mA ● (Notes 5, 6) ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 10mA ● ILOAD = 50mA ILOAD = 50mA ● ILOAD = 150mA ILOAD = 150mA ● GND Pin Current VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) (Notes 5, 7) ILOAD = 0mA ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 50mA ILOAD = 150mA ● ● ● ● ● Output Voltage Noise COUT = 10µF, CBYP = 0.01µF, ILOAD = 150mA, BW = 10Hz to 100kHz 20 ADJ Pin Bias Current (Notes 3, 8) 30 100 nA Shutdown Threshold VOUT = Off to On VOUT = On to Off 0.8 0.65 2 V V ● ● 0.25 TYP MAX UNITS 0.09 0.15 0.19 V V 0.15 0.21 0.25 V V 0.21 0.27 0.31 V V 0.27 0.33 0.40 V V 25 70 350 1.3 4 65 120 500 1.8 7 µA µA µA mA mA SHDN Pin Current (Note 9) VSHDN = 0V VSHDN = 20V 0.1 1 Quiescent Current in Shutdown VIN = 6V, VSHDN = 0V 0.1 Ripple Rejection VIN – VOUT = 1V (Avg), VRIPPLE = 0.5VP-P, fRIPPLE = 120Hz, ILOAD = 150mA Current Limit VIN = 7V, VOUT = 0V VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 1V, ∆VOUT = – 0.1V ● Input Reverse Leakage Current VIN = – 20V, VOUT = 0V ● Reverse Output Current (Note 10) LT1762-2.5 LT1762-3 LT1762-3.3 LT1762-5 LT1762 (Note 3) VOUT = 2.5V, VIN < 2.5V VOUT = 3V, VIN < 3V VOUT = 3.3V, VIN < 3.3V VOUT = 5V, VIN < 5V VOUT = 1.22V, VIN < 1.22V Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: The LT1762 regulators are tested and specified under pulse load conditions such that TJ ≈ TA. The LT1762 is 100% tested at 25°C. Performance at – 40°C and 125°C is assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. Note 3: The LT1762 (adjustable version) is tested and specified for these conditions with the ADJ pin connected to the OUT pin. Note 4: Operating conditions are limited by maximum junction temperature. The regulated output voltage specification will not apply for all possible combinations of input voltage and output current. When operating at maximum input voltage, the output current range must be limited. When operating at maximum output current, the input voltage range must be limited. 50 µVRMS µA µA 1 µA 65 dB 400 mA mA 160 10 10 10 10 5 1 mA 20 20 20 20 10 µA µA µA µA µA Note 5: To satisfy requirements for minimum input voltage, the LT1762 (adjustable version) is tested and specified for these conditions with an external resistor divider (two 250k resistors) for an output voltage of 2.44V. The external resistor divider will add a 5µA DC load on the output. Note 6: Dropout voltage is the minimum input to output voltage differential needed to maintain regulation at a specified output current. In dropout, the output voltage will be equal to: VIN – VDROPOUT. Note 7: GND pin current is tested with VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) and a current source load. This means the device is tested while operating in its dropout region. This is the worst-case GND pin current. The GND pin current will decrease slightly at higher input voltages. Note 8: ADJ pin bias current flows into the ADJ pin. Note 9: SHDN pin current flows into the SHDN pin. Note 10: Reverse output current is tested with the IN pin grounded and the OUT pin forced to the rated output voltage. This current flows into the OUT pin and out the GND pin. 1762fa 3 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Guaranteed Dropout Voltage 450 450 400 400 350 TJ = 125°C 300 250 200 TJ = 25°C 150 = TEST POINTS 450 TJ ≤ 125°C 350 300 TJ ≤ 25°C 250 200 150 400 350 250 IL = 50mA 200 IL = 10mA 150 100 100 50 50 50 0 20 60 80 100 120 140 160 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1762 G01 40 15 10 5 IL = 1mA 2.53 3.045 2.52 3.030 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) VSHDN = VIN 20 3.060 IL = 1mA 25 2.51 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.47 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 3.015 3.000 2.985 2.970 2.955 2.46 –50 –25 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 25 50 75 100 2.940 –50 –25 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G04 3.360 3.330 5.050 1.230 3.240 –50 –25 ADJ PIN VOLTAGE (V) 1.235 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5.075 3.255 5.025 5.000 4.975 4.950 4.925 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 4.900 –50 –25 IL = 1mA 1.225 1.220 1.215 1.210 1.205 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G07 100 1.240 3.345 3.270 75 LT1762 ADJ Pin Voltage IL = 1mA 3.285 50 1762 G06 5.100 IL = 1mA 3.300 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) LT1762-5 Output Voltage 3.315 0 1762 G05 LT1762-3.3 Output Voltage 125 LT1762-3 Output Voltage 2.54 VIN = 6V RL = ∞, IL = 0 (LT1762-2.5/-3/-3.3/-5) RL = 250k, IL = 5µA (LT1762) 100 1762 G03 LT1762-2.5 Output Voltage 30 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G02 Quiescent Current 35 IL = 1mA 0 –50 –25 0 40 IL = 150mA 300 100 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Dropout Voltage 500 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 500 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) Typical Dropout Voltage 500 1.200 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G08 1762 G09 1762fa 4 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LT1762-2.5 Quiescent Current LT1762-3 Quiescent Current 400 400 400 TJ = 25°C RL = ∞ 250 200 150 100 VSHDN = VIN VSHDN = 0V 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 9 8 300 250 200 150 100 VSHDN = VIN 50 150 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 150 VSHDN = VIN 100 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) VSHDN = VIN 20 TJ = 25°C RL = 250k 15 10 600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 10 500 400 RL = 250Ω IL = 10mA* 300 200 RL = 2.5k IL = 1mA* 100 0 2 4 0 LT1762-3.3 GND Pin Current 700 500 400 RL = 300Ω IL = 10mA* 300 200 RL = 3k IL = 1mA* 100 RL = 132Ω IL = 25mA* 600 700 400 RL = 330Ω IL = 10mA* 300 200 RL = 3.3k IL = 1mA* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 10 1762 G16 0 1 2 9 10 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) RL = 200Ω IL = 25mA* 600 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 5V 500 400 300 200 RL = 5k IL = 1mA* 100 0 0 8 800 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 3.3V 500 100 0 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LT1762-5 GND Pin Current GND PIN CURRENT (µA) 600 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 3V GND PIN CURRENT (µA) RL = 120Ω IL = 25mA* 2 1762 G15 800 700 1 1762 G14 800 GND PIN CURRENT (µA) 0 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1762 G13 LT1762-3 GND Pin Current 10 RL = 100Ω IL = 25mA* VSHDN = 0V 0 0 9 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 2.5V 700 5 VSHDN = 0V 0 8 LT1762-2.5 GND Pin Current GND PIN CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 200 1 800 25 250 VSHDN = 0V 1762 G12 30 TJ = 25°C RL = ∞ 300 VSHDN = VIN 0 10 LT1762 Quiescent Current 400 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 200 1762 G11 LT1762-5 Quiescent Current 50 250 0 0 1762 G10 350 300 50 VSHDN = 0V 0 10 TJ = 25°C RL = ∞ 350 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 300 50 TJ = 25°C RL = ∞ 350 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 350 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) LT1762-3.3 Quiescent Current 8 9 10 1762 G17 RL = 500Ω IL = 10mA* 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 10 1762 G18 1762fa 5 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LT1762 GND Pin Current 600 RL = 48.8Ω IL = 25mA* 500 400 RL = 122Ω IL = 10mA* 300 200 4.0 3.5 2.5 RL = 25Ω IL = 100mA* 2.0 1.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 LT1762-3.3 GND Pin Current 2.5 RL = 33Ω IL = 100mA* 2.0 1.5 4.0 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2 8 9 3.0 2.5 RL = 50Ω IL = 100mA* 2.0 1.5 0.9 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 2.0 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 1762 G25 RL = 24.4Ω IL = 50mA* 1.5 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 9 10 1762 G24 SHDN Pin Threshold (Off-to-On) 1.0 IL = 1mA 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0 –50 –25 0.8 0.7 IL = 150mA 0.6 0.5 IL = 1mA 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0 RL = 12.2Ω IL = 100mA* 2.5 0 1 SHDN PIN THRESHOLD (V) SHDN PIN THRESHOLD (V) 3.5 20 3.0 0.5 1.0 VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 1V 10 RL = 8.07Ω IL = 150mA* 3.5 SHDN Pin Threshold (On-to-Off) 5.0 0 4.0 1762 G23 GND Pin Current vs ILOAD 9 1.0 RL = 100Ω IL = 50mA* 0 10 4.0 8 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 1.22V 4.5 1762 G22 4.5 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1762 G21 0 1 2 LT1762 GND Pin Current RL = 33.3Ω IL = 150mA* 3.5 0.5 0 0 1 5.0 1.0 RL = 66Ω IL = 50mA* 0.5 RL = 60Ω IL = 50mA* 0 GND PIN CURRENT (mA) GND PIN CURRENT (mA) GND PIN CURRENT (mA) 3.0 1.5 10 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 5V 4.5 RL = 22Ω IL = 150mA* 1.0 GND PIN CURRENT (mA) 9 5.0 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 3.3V 3.5 RL = 30Ω IL = 100mA* 2.0 LT1762-5 GND Pin Current 5.0 4.0 2.5 1762 G20 1762 G19 4.5 RL = 20Ω IL = 150mA* 3.0 0 0 10 3.5 0.5 0 0 4.0 1.0 RL = 50Ω IL = 50mA* 0.5 0 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 3V 4.5 RL = 16.7Ω IL = 150mA* 3.0 1.0 RL = 1.22k IL = 1mA* 100 5.0 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 2.5V 4.5 GND PIN CURRENT (mA) GND PIN CURRENT (µA) 5.0 TJ = 25°C VIN = VSHDN *FOR VOUT = 1.22V 700 LT1762-3 GND Pin Current GND PIN CURRENT (mA) 800 LT1762-2.5 GND Pin Current 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 1762 G26 0 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 1762 G27 1762fa 6 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS SHDN Pin Input Current SHDN Pin Input Current 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 ADJ Pin Bias Current 140 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SHDN PIN VOLTAGE (V) 9 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 –50 –25 10 25 0 75 50 100 Current Limit 300 250 200 150 100 VIN = 7V VOUT = 0V 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 50 7 6 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 1762 G31 LT1762-2.5/-3/-3.3/-5 10 LT1762 5 50 LT1762-2.5 40 LT1762-3 30 20 LT1762-3.3 LT1762-5 0 125 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 9 10 1762 G33 Input Ripple Rejection 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 COUT = 10µF 40 30 IL = 150mA VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 1V + 50mVRMS RIPPLE CBYP = 0 20 10 COUT = 2.2µF 100 125 1762 G34 CBYP = 1000pF 50 CBYP = 100pF 40 30 20 IL = 150mA VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 1V + 50mVRMS RIPPLE COUT = 10µF 10 0 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 LT1762 CBYP = 0.01µF 15 0 –50 –25 70 Input Ripple Rejection RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) REVERSE OUTPUT CURRENT (µA) 20 80 1762 G32 Reverse Output Current VIN = 0V VOUT = 1.22V (LT1762) VOUT = 2.5V (LT1762-2.5) VOUT = 3V (LT1762-3) VOUT = 3.3V (LT1762-3.3) VOUT = 5V (LT1762-5) TJ = 25°C, VIN = 0V CURRENT FLOWS INTO OUTPUT PIN VOUT = VSENSE (LT1762-2.5/-3/-3.3/-5) VOUT = VADJ (LT1762) 90 10 0 –50 –25 0 25 100 REVERSE OUTPUT CURRENT (µA) SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA) SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA) 350 125 100 Reverse Output Current 450 400 30 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G30 Current Limit VOUT = 0V 4 3 2 5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 40 0 –50 –25 125 500 1 60 1762 G29 500 0 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G28 450 100 20 0.2 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 0 120 ADJ PIN BIAS CURRENT (nA) SHDN PIN INPUT CURRENT (mA) SHDN PIN INPUT CURRENT (µA) VSHDN = 20V 0 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k 1M 1762 G35 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k 1M 1762 G36 1762fa 7 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LT1762 Minimum Input Voltage Ripple Rejection MINIMUM INPUT VOLTAGE (V) RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 64 62 60 58 54 VIN = VOUT (NOMINAL) + 1V + 0.5VP-P RIPPLE AT f = 120Hz IL = 150mA 52 –50 –25 0 25 VOUT = 1.22V IL = 150mA 1.75 1.50 IL = 1mA 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 –5 –10 75 100 0 –50 –25 125 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) LT1762-5 OUTPUT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (µV/√Hz) COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA LT1762-3.3 1 LT1762-2.5 LT1762-3 0.1 100 25 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 75 100 125 1762 G39 100k 10 COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA CBYP = 1000pF LT1762-5 1 CBYP = 100pF LT1762 0.1 CBYP = 0.01µF 0.01 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k 1762 G41 1762 G40 RMS Output Noise vs Bypass Capacitor RMS Output Noise vs Load Current (10Hz to 100kHz) 160 160 COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA f = 10Hz TO 100kHz 140 LT1762-5 120 LT1762-3.3 100 LT1762-3 80 60 140 OUTPUT NOISE (µVRMS) OUTPUT NOISE (µVRMS) 50 Output Noise Spectral Density 10 0.01 10 0 1762 G38 Output Noise Spectral Density CBYP = 0 LT1762 VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 1V ∆IL = 1mA TO 150mA TEMPERATURE (°C) 1762 G37 LT1762-5 LT1762-3.3 –25 –50 –25 125 100 LT1762-2.5 –15 –20 TEMPERATURE (°C) OUTPUT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (µV/√Hz) LT1762-3 0.25 50 LT1762 0 2.00 LOAD REGULATION (mV) 2.25 66 56 Load Regulation 5 2.50 68 LT1762 40 COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0 CBYP = 0.01µF 100 80 LT1762 60 40 LT1762-2.5 20 LT1762-5 20 0 10 100 1000 10000 CBYP (pF) 1762 G42 LT1762-5 120 0 0.01 LT1762 0.1 10 100 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 1762 G43 1762fa 8 LT1762 Series U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LT1762-5 10Hz to 100kHz Output Noise CBYP = 100pF LT1762-5 10Hz to 100kHz Output Noise CBYP = 0 VOUT 100µV/DIV VOUT 100µV/DIV 1ms/DIV 1ms/DIV COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA 1762 G44 LT1762-5 10Hz to 100kHz Output Noise CBYP = 1000pF 1762 G45 LT1762-5 10Hz to 100kHz Output Noise CBYP = 0.01µF VOUT 100µV/DIV VOUT 100µV/DIV 1ms/DIV 1ms/DIV COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA COUT = 10µF IL = 150mA 1762 G46 1762 G47 LT1762-5 Transient Response CBYP = 0.01µF LT1762-5 Transient Response CBYP = 0 VIN = 6V CIN = 10µF COUT = 10µF 0.2 0.1 0 –0.1 –0.2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) 0.3 VIN = 6V CIN = 10µF COUT = 10µF 0.04 0.02 0 –0.02 –0.04 LOAD CURRENT (mA) LOAD CURRENT (mA) –0.3 150 100 50 0 0 400 800 1200 TIME (µs) 1600 2000 1762 G48 150 100 50 0 0 40 80 120 TIME (µs) 160 200 1762 G49 1762fa 9 LT1762 Series U U U PIN FUNCTIONS OUT (Pin 1): Output. The output supplies power to the load. A minimum output capacitor of 2.2µF is required to prevent oscillations. Larger output capacitors will be required for applications with large transient loads to limit peak voltage transients. See the Applications Information section for more information on output capacitance and reverse output characteristics. SENSE (Pin 2): Output Sense. For fixed voltage versions of the LT1762 (LT1762-2.5/LT1762-3/LT1762-3.3/ LT1762-5), the SENSE pin is the input to the error amplifier. Optimum regulation will be obtained at the point where the SENSE pin is connected to the OUT pin of the regulator. In critical applications, small voltage drops are caused by the resistance (RP) of PC traces between the regulator and the load. These may be eliminated by connecting the SENSE pin to the output at the load as shown in Figure 1 (Kelvin Sense Connection). Note that the voltage drop across the external PC traces will add to the dropout voltage of the regulator. The SENSE pin bias current is 10µA at the nominal rated output voltage. The SENSE pin can be pulled below ground (as in a dual supply system where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply) and still allow the device to start and operate. ADJ (Pin 2): Adjust. For the adjustable LT1762, this is the input to the error amplifier. This pin is internally clamped to ±7V. It has a bias current of 30nA which flows into the pin (see curve of ADJ Pin Bias Current vs Temperature in the Typical Performance Characteristics). The ADJ pin voltage is 1.22V referenced to ground and the output voltage range is 1.22V to 20V. BYP (Pins 3): Bypass. The BYP pin is used to bypass the reference of the LT1762 regulators to achieve low noise performance from the regulator. The BYP pin is clamped internally to ±0.6V (one VBE). A small capacitor from the output to this pin will bypass the reference to lower the output voltage noise. A maximum value of 0.01µF can be used for reducing output voltage noise to a typical 20µVRMS over a 10Hz to 100kHz bandwidth. If not used, this pin must be left unconnected. GND (Pin 4): Ground. SHDN (Pin5): Shutdown. The SHDN pin is used to put the LT1762 regulators into a low power shutdown state. The output will be off when the SHDN pin is pulled low. The SHDN pin can be driven either by 5V logic or opencollector logic with a pull-up resistor. The pull-up resistor is required to supply the pull-up current of the opencollector gate, normally several microamperes, and the SHDN pin current, typically 1µA. If unused, the SHDN pin must be connected to VIN. The device will be in low power shutdown state if the SHDN pin is not connected. IN (Pin 8): Input. Power is supplied to the device through the IN pin. A bypass capacitor is required on this pin if the device is more than six inches away from the main input filter capacitor. In general, the output impedance of a battery rises with frequency, so it is advisable to include a bypass capacitor in battery-powered circuits. A bypass capacitor in the range of 1µF to 10µF is sufficient. The LT1762 regulators are designed to withstand reverse voltages on the IN pin with respect to ground and the OUT pin. In the case of a reverse input, which can happen if a battery is plugged in backwards, the device will act as if there is a diode in series with its input. There will be no reverse current flow into the regulator and no reverse voltage will appear at the load. The device will protect both itself and the load. 8 IN OUT 1 RP LT1762 + VIN 5 SHDN SENSE GND + 2 LOAD 4 RP 1762 F01 Figure 1. Kelvin Sense Connection 1762fa 10 LT1762 Series U W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The LT1762 series are 150mA low dropout regulators with micropower quiescent current and shutdown. The devices are capable of supplying 150mA at a dropout voltage of 270mV. Output voltage noise can be lowered to 20µVRMS over a 10Hz to 100kHz bandwidth with the addition of a 0.01µF reference bypass capacitor. Additionally, the reference bypass capacitor will improve transient response of the regulator, lowering the settling time for transient load conditions. The low operating quiescent current (25µA) drops to less than 1µA in shutdown. In addition to the low quiescent current, the LT1762 regulators incorporate several protection features which make them ideal for use in battery-powered systems. The devices are protected against both reverse input and reverse output voltages. In battery backup applications where the output can be held up by a backup battery when the input is pulled to ground, the LT1762-X acts like it has a diode in series with its output and prevents reverse current flow. Additionally, in dual supply applications where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the output can be pulled below ground by as much as 20V and still allow the device to start and operate. Adjustable Operation The adjustable version of the LT1762 has an output voltage range of 1.22V to 20V. The output voltage is set by the ratio of two external resistors as shown in Figure 2. The device servos the output to maintain the ADJ pin voltage IN VIN OUT VOUT + LT1762 R2 ADJ GND R1 1762 F02 ⎛ R2⎞ VOUT = 1.22V ⎜ 1 + ⎟ + (IADJ )(R2) ⎝ R1⎠ VADJ = 1.22V IADJ = 30nA AT 25°C OUTPUT RANGE = 1.22V TO 20V Figure 2. Adjustable Operation at 1.22V referenced to ground. The current in R1 is then equal to 1.22V/R1 and the current in R2 is the current in R1 plus the ADJ pin bias current. The ADJ pin bias current, 30nA at 25°C, flows through R2 into the ADJ pin. The output voltage can be calculated using the formula in Figure 2. The value of R1 should be no greater than 250k to minimize errors in the output voltage caused by the ADJ pin bias current. Note that in shutdown the output is turned off and the divider current will be zero. Curves of ADJ Pin Voltage vs Temperature and ADJ Pin Bias Current vs Temperature appear in the Typical Performance Characteristics section. The adjustable device is tested and specified with the ADJ pin tied to the OUT pin for an output voltage of 1.22V. Specifications for output voltages greater than 1.22V will be proportional to the ratio of the desired output voltage to 1.22V: VOUT/1.22V. For example, load regulation for an output current change of 1mA to 150mA is –1mV typical at VOUT = 1.22V. At VOUT = 12V, load regulation is: (12V/1.22V)(–1mV) = – 9.8mV Bypass Capacitance and Low Noise Performance The LT1762 regulators may be used with the addition of a bypass capacitor from VOUT to the BYP pin to lower output voltage noise. A good quality low leakage capacitor is recommended. This capacitor will bypass the reference of the regulator, providing a low frequency noise pole. The noise pole provided by this bypass capacitor will lower the output voltage noise to as low as 20µVRMS with the addition of a 0.01µF bypass capacitor. Using a bypass capacitor has the added benefit of improving transient response. With no bypass capacitor and a 10µF output capacitor, a 10mA to 150mA load step will settle to within 1% of its final value in less than 100µs. With the addition of a 0.01µF bypass capacitor, the output will stay within 1% for a 10mA to 150mA load step (see LT1762-5 Transient Response in the Typical Performance Characteristics). However, regulator start-up time is proportional to the size of the bypass capacitor, slowing to 15ms with a 0.01µF bypass capacitor and 10µF output capacitor. 1762fa 11 LT1762 Series U W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The LT1762 regulators are designed to be stable with a wide range of output capacitors. The ESR of the output capacitor affects stability, most notably with small capacitors. A minimum output capacitor of 2.2µF with an ESR of 3Ω or less is recommended to prevent oscillations. The LT1762-X is a micropower device and output transient response will be a function of output capacitance. Larger values of output capacitance decrease the peak deviations and provide improved transient response for larger load current changes. Bypass capacitors, used to decouple individual components powered by the LT1762-X, will increase the effective output capacitor value. With larger capacitors used to bypass the reference (for low noise operation), larger values of output capacitors are needed. For 100pF of bypass capacitance, 3.3µF of output capacitor is recommended. With a 330pF bypass capacitor or larger, a 4.7µF output capacitor is recommended. The shaded region of Figure 3 defines the range over which the LT1762 regulators are stable. The minimum ESR needed is defined by the amount of bypass capacitance used, while the maximum ESR is 3Ω. Extra consideration must be given to the use of ceramic capacitors. Ceramic capacitors are manufactured with a variety of dielectrics, each with different behavior across temperature and applied voltage. The most common dielectrics used are specified with EIA temperature characteristic codes of Z5U, Y5V, X5R and X7R. The Z5U and Y5V dielectrics are good for providing high capacitances in a 20 X5R –20 –40 –60 Y5V –80 –100 20 CHANGE IN VALUE (%) 2.0 1.5 CBYP = 0 CBYP = 100pF CBYP = 330pF CBYP ≥ 3300pF 1.0 0.5 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 OUTPUT CAPACITANCE (µF) 1762 F03 Figure 3. Stability 4 14 8 6 10 12 DC BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 16 X5R 0 –20 –40 Y5V –60 –80 0 2 Figure 4. Ceramic Capacitor DC Bias Characteristics 40 STABLE REGION 0 1762 F04 3.5 2.5 BOTH CAPACITORS ARE 16V, 1210 CASE SIZE, 10µF 0 4.0 3.0 ESR (Ω) small package, but they tend to have strong voltage and temperature coefficients as shown in Figures 4 and 5. When used with a 5V regulator, a 16V 10µF Y5V capacitor can exhibit an effective value as low as 1µF to 2µF for the DC bias voltage applied and over the operating temperature range. The X5R and X7R dielectrics result in more stable characteristics and are more suitable for use as the output capacitor. The X7R type has better stability across temperature, while the X5R is less expensive and is available in higher values. Care still must be exercised when using X5R and X7R capacitors; the X5R and X7R codes only specify operating temperature range and maximum capacitance change over temperature. Capacitance change due to DC bias with X5R and X7R capacitors is better than Y5V and Z5U capacitors, but can still be CHANGE IN VALUE (%) Output Capacitance and Transient Response BOTH CAPACITORS ARE 16V, 1210 CASE SIZE, 10µF –100 –50 –25 50 25 75 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 1762 F05 Figure 5. Ceramic Capacitor Temperature Characteristics 1762fa 12 LT1762 Series U W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION significant enough to drop capacitor values below appropriate levels. Capacitor DC bias characteristics tend to improve as component case size increases, but expected capacitance at operating voltage should be verified. The GND pin current can be found by examining the GND Pin Current curves in the Typical Performance Characteristics. Power dissipation will be equal to the sum of the two components listed above. Voltage and temperature coefficients are not the only sources of problems. Some ceramic capacitors have a piezoelectric response. A piezoelectric device generates voltage across its terminals due to mechanical stress, similar to the way a piezoelectric accelerometer or microphone works. For a ceramic capacitor the stress can be induced by vibrations in the system or thermal transients. The resulting voltages produced can cause appreciable amounts of noise, especially when a ceramic capacitor is used for noise bypassing. A ceramic capacitor produced Figure 6’s trace in response to light tapping from a pencil. The LT1762 series regulators have internal thermal limiting designed to protect the device during overload conditions. For continuous normal conditions, the maximum junction temperature rating of 125°C must not be exceeded. It is important to give careful consideration to all sources of thermal resistance from junction to ambient. Additional heat sources mounted nearby must also be considered. LT1762-5 COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0.01µf ILOAD = 100mA For surface mount devices, heat sinking is accomplished by using the heat spreading capabilities of the PC board and its copper traces. Copper board stiffeners and plated through-holes can also be used to spread the heat generated by power devices. The following table lists thermal resistance for several different board sizes and copper areas. All measurements were taken in still air on 3/32" FR-4 board with one ounce copper. VOUT 500µV/DIV Table 1. Measured Thermal Resistance 100ms/DIV 1762 F05 Figure 6. Noise Resulting from Tapping on a Ceramic Capacitor Similar vibration induced behavior can masquerade as increased output voltage noise. Thermal Considerations The power handling capability of the device will be limited by the maximum rated junction temperature (125°C). The power dissipated by the device will be made up of two components: 1. Output current multiplied by the input/output voltage differential: (IOUT)(VIN – VOUT), and 2. GND pin current multiplied by the input voltage: (IGND)(VIN). COPPER AREA THERMAL RESISTANCE TOPSIDE* BACKSIDE 2500mm 2 2 1000mm 2 BOARD AREA 2500mm 2 (JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT) 2500mm 2 110°C/W 2 115°C/W 2500mm 2500mm 225mm2 2500mm2 2500mm2 120°C/W 2 2 2500mm 2 130°C/W 2500mm 2 140°C/W 100mm 2 50mm 2500mm 2 2500mm *Device is mounted on topside. Calculating Junction Temperature Example: Given an output voltage of 3.3V, an input voltage range of 4V to 6V, an output current range of 0mA to 50mA and a maximum ambient temperature of 50°C, what will the maximum junction temperature be? The power dissipated by the device will be equal to: IOUT(MAX)(VIN(MAX) – VOUT) + IGND(VIN(MAX)) 1762fa 13 LT1762 Series U W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION where, IOUT(MAX) = 150mA VIN(MAX) = 6V IGND at (IOUT = 150mA, VIN = 6V) = 5mA So, P = 150mA(6V – 3.3V) + 5mA(6V) = 0.44W The thermal resistance will be in the range of 110°C/W to 140°C/W depending on the copper area. So the junction temperature rise above ambient will be approximately equal to: 0.44W(125°C/W) = 55°C The maximum junction temperature will then be equal to the maximum junction temperature rise above ambient plus the maximum ambient temperature or: TJMAX = 50°C + 55°C = 105°C Protection Features The LT1762 regulators incorporate several protection features which make them ideal for use in battery-powered circuits. In addition to the normal protection features associated with monolithic regulators, such as current limiting and thermal limiting, the devices are protected against reverse input voltages, reverse output voltages and reverse voltages from output to input. Current limit protection and thermal overload protection are intended to protect the device against current overload conditions at the output of the device. For normal operation, the junction temperature should not exceed 125°C. The input of the device will withstand reverse voltages of 20V. Current flow into the device will be limited to less than 1mA (typically less than 100µA) and no negative voltage will appear at the output. The device will protect both itself and the load. This provides protection against batteries which can be plugged in backward. The output of the LT1762-X can be pulled below ground without damaging the device. If the input is left open circuit or grounded, the output can be pulled below ground by 20V. For fixed voltage versions, the output will act like a large resistor, typically 500kΩ or higher, limiting current flow to less than 100µA. For adjustable versions, the output will act like an open circuit; no current will flow out of the pin. If the input is powered by a voltage source, the output will source the short-circuit current of the device and will protect itself by thermal limiting. In this case, grounding the SHDN pin will turn off the device and stop the output from sourcing the short-circuit current. The ADJ pin of the adjustable device can be pulled above or below ground by as much as 7V without damaging the device. If the input is left open circuit or grounded, the ADJ pin will act like an open circuit when pulled below ground and like a large resistor (typically 100k) in series with a diode when pulled above ground. In situations where the ADJ pin is connected to a resistor divider that would pull the ADJ pin above its 7V clamp voltage if the output is pulled high, the ADJ pin input current must be limited to less than 5mA. For example, a resistor divider is used to provide a regulated 1.5V output from the 1.22V reference when the output is forced to 20V. The top resistor of the resistor divider must be chosen to limit the current into the ADJ pin to less than 5mA when the ADJ pin is at 7V. The 13V difference between output and ADJ pin divided by the 5mA maximum current into the ADJ pin yields a minimum top resistor value of 2.6k. In circuits where a backup battery is required, several different input/output conditions can occur. The output voltage may be held up while the input is either pulled to ground, pulled to some intermediate voltage or is left open circuit. Current flow back into the output will follow the curve shown in Figure 7. When the IN pin of the LT1762-X is forced below the OUT pin or the OUT pin is pulled above the IN pin, input current will typically drop to less than 2µA. This can happen if the input of the device is connected to a discharged (low voltage) battery and the output is held up by either a backup battery or a second regulator circuit. The state of the SHDN pin will have no effect on the reverse output current when the output is pulled above the input. 1762fa 14 LT1762 Series U W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION REVERSE OUTPUT CURRENT (µA) 100 TJ = 25°C VIN = 0V CURRENT FLOWS INTO OUTPUT PIN VOUT = VSENSE (LT1762-2.5/LT1762-3 LT1762-3.3/LT1762-5) VOUT = VADJ (LT1762) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 LT1762 LT1762-2.5 LT1762-3 20 LT1762-5 10 LT1762-3.3 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 9 10 1762 F07 Figure 7. Reverse Output Current U PACKAGE DESCRIPTION MS8 Package 8-Lead Plastic MSOP (LTC DWG # 05-08-1660) 0.118 ± 0.004* (3.00 ± 0.102) 8 7 6 5 0.118 ± 0.004** (3.00 ± 0.102) 0.193 ± 0.006 (4.90 ± 0.15) 1 0.040 ± 0.006 (1.02 ± 0.15) 0.007 (0.18) 2 3 4 0.034 ± 0.004 (0.86 ± 0.102) 0° – 6° TYP 0.021 ± 0.006 (0.53 ± 0.015) SEATING PLANE 0.012 (0.30) 0.0256 REF (0.65) BSC 0.006 ± 0.004 (0.15 ± 0.102) MSOP (MS8) 1098 * DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE ** DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE 1762fa Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 15 LT1762 Series U TYPICAL APPLICATION Paralleling of Regulators for Higher Output Current R1 0.1Ω + VIN > 3.7V IN OUT + FB C1 10µF C4 0.01µF LT1762-3.3 3.3V 300mA C2 10µF SHDN BYP GND R2 0.1Ω IN OUT C5 0.01µF LT1762 BYP SHDN SHDN ADJ GND R3 2.2k R4 2.2k 3 1/2 LT1490 2 R7 1.21k 8 + – R6 2k 1 R5 10k 4 1762 TA03 C3 0.01µF RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LT1120 125mA Low Dropout Regulator with 20µA IQ Includes 2.5V Reference and Comparator LT1121 150mA Micropower Low Dropout Regulator 30µA IQ, SOT-223 Package LT1129 700mA Micropower Low Dropout Regulator 50µA Quiescent Current LT1175 500mA Negative Low Dropout Micropower Regulator 45µA IQ, 0.26V Dropout Voltage, SOT-223 Package LT1521 300mA Low Dropout Micropower Regulator with Shutdown 15µA IQ, Reverse Battery Protection LT1529 3A Low Dropout Regulator with 50µA IQ 500mV Dropout Voltage LT1611 Inverting 1.4MHz Switching Regulator 5V to – 5V at 150mA, Low Output Noise, SOT-23 Package LT1613 1.4MHz Single-Cell Micropower DC/DC Converter SOT-23 Package, Internally Compensated LTC1627 High Efficiency Synchronous Step-Down Switching Regulator Burst ModeTM Operation, Monolithic, 100% Duty Cycle LT1761 Series 100mA, Low Noise, Low Dropout Micropower Regulators in SOT-23 20µA Quiescent Current, 20µVRMS Noise LT1763 Series 500mA, Low Noise, LDO Micropower Regulators 30µA Quiescent Current, 20µVRMS Noise Burst Mode is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. 1762fa 16 Linear Technology Corporation LT 1006 REV A • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408)432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear-tech.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1999