Ordering number : ENN6655 LA1787M Monolithic Linear IC Single-Chip Tuner IC for Car Radios http://onsemi.com Overview The LA1787M integrates all six blocks required in a car radio tuner on a single chip. Functions • FM front end • AM up-conversion • FM IF • FM/AM switch • Noise canceller • MRC • Multiple Features • Improved noise reduction methods — The FM front end provides excellent 3-signal characteristics equivalent to those of the LA1193M. — Superlative listenability due to improved medium and weak field noise canceller characteristics. — Improved separation characteristics — Anti-birdie filter — Improved AM and FM thermal characteristics — Excellent FM signal meter linearity — Modified N.C. circuit for improved noise rejection • Improved AM adjacent channel interference characteristics (40 kHz) • Double conversion AM tuner (up conversion) Reduces the number of external components required as compared to earlier double conversion tuners, in particular, no crystal is required (when used in conjunction with the LC72144). • Sample-to-sample variation reduction circuit built into the FM IF circuit. (Fixed resistors are used for the SD, keyed AGC, mute on adjustment, ATT, SNC, and HCC functions.) • Improved FM separation temperature characteristics • The LA1787 inherits the block arrangement of the LA1780M and supports pin-compatible designs. Package Dimensions unit : mm (typ) 0.8 1.0 17.2 14.0 0.35 1.6 1.0 0.15 1.6 1.0 33 48 32 0.8 17.2 14.0 49 1 16 15.6 3.0max 1.0 17 64 0.8 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2011 January, 2011 0.1 2.7 Allowable power dissipation, Pd max mW QIP64E(14X14) Mounted on a 40 x 80 x 1.3 mm glass epoxy printed circuit board Independent IC Ambient temperature, Ta C 72602RM (OT) No. 6655-1/54 LA1787M Specifications Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C Parameter Symbol Maximum supply voltage Allowable power dissipation Conditions VCC1 max Pins 6, 40, and 61 VCC2 max Pins 7, 45, 54, 59, and 60 Pd max Ratings Unit 9 Ta ≤ 55°C V 12 V 950 mW Operating temperature Topr –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg –40 to +150 °C Operating Conditions at Ta = 25°C Parameter Symbol VCC Recommended supply voltage VCCST IND Operating supply voltage range Conditions Ratings Unit Pins 6, 7, 40, 45, 54, 59, 60, and 61 8 V Pin 26 5 V 7.5 to 9.0 V VCC op Operating Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC= 8.0V, in the specified test cricuit for the FM IF input Ratings Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max unit [FM Characteristics] At the FM IF input Current drain Demodulation output Pin 31 demodulation output Channel balance Total harmonic distortion ICCO-FM VO-FM VO-FM31 CB No input, I40 + I45 + I54 + I59 + I60 + I61 60 94 110 mA 10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod, The pin 15 output 205 310 415 mVrms 10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod, The pin 31 output 190 295 380 mVrms The ratio between pins 15 and 16 at 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz –1 0 +1 dB 0.3 1 THD-FM mono 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 15 Signal-to-noise ratio: IF S/N-FM IF 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 15 75 82 dB AM suppression ratio: IF AMR IF 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, fm = 1 kHz, 30% AM, pin 15 55 68 dB Att-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V 5 10 15 dB Att-2 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V*1 15 20 25 dB Att-3 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. The pin 15 attenuation when V33 goes from 0 to 2 V*2 28 33 38 dB 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 output ratio 30 40 Muting attenuation Separation Separation Stereo on level ST-ON The pilot modulation such that V26 < 0.5 V 1.2 2.4 Stereo off level ST-OFF The pilot modulation such that V26 > 3.5 V 0.6 1.6 Main total harmonic distortion THD-Main L 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 signal Pilot cancellation PCAN 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, pilot = 10%. The pin 15 signal/the pilot level leakage. DIN audio SNC output attenuation AttSNC 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L-R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V28 = 3 V → 0.6 V, pin 15 % dB 4.4 % % 0.3 1.2 % 20 30 dB 1 5 9 dB 0.5 4.5 8.5 dB AttHCC-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V29 = 3 V → 0.6 V, pin 15 AttHCC-2 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%, pilot = 10%. V29 = 3 V → 0.1 V, pin 15 6 10 14 dB 100 dBµ, 10.7 MHz, 30% modulation. The IF input such that the input reference output goes down by 3 dB 33 40 47 dBµ The IF input level (unmodulated) when V33 = 2 V 27 35 43 dBµ The IF input level (unmodulated) (over 100 mV rms) such that the IF counter buffer output goes on 54 62 70 dBµ 54 62 70 dBµ VIFBUFF-FM 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, unmodulated. The pin 23 output 130 200 270 mVrms VSM FM-1 No input. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 0.0 0.1 0.3 V VSM FM-2 50 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 0.4 1.0 1.5 V VSM FM-3 70 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 2.0 2.7 3.5 V VSM FM-4 100 dBµ. The pin 24 DC output, unmodulated 4.7 5.5 6.2 V Muting bandwidth BW-mute 100 dBµ. The bandwidth when V33 = 2 V, unmodulated 150 220 290 kHz Mute drive output VMUTE-100 100 dBµ, 0 dBµ. The pin 33 DC output, unmodulated 0.00 0.03 0.20 V HCC output attenuation Input limiting voltage Muting sensitivity SD sensitivity Vi-lim Vi-mute SD-sen1 FM SD-sen2 FM IF counter buffer output Signal meter output Continued on next page. No. 6655-2/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Ratings Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max unit [FM FE Mixer Input N-AGC on input VN-AGC 83 MHz, unmodulated. The input such that the pin 2 voltage is 2.0 V or below 81 88 95 dBµ W-AGC on input VWAGC 83 MHz, unmodulated. The input such that the pin 2 voltage is 2.0 V or below. (When the keyed AGC is set to 4.0 V.) 104 110 116 dBµ 83 MHz, 80 dBµ, unmodulated. The FE CF output 19 30 48 mVrms No input 85 110 165 mVrms Conversion gain Oscillator buffer output A.V VOSCBUFFFM [NC Block] NC input (pin 30) Gate time τGATE1 Noise sensitivity NC effect SN SN-NC f = 1 kHz, for a 1-µs, 100-mV p-o pulse 55 µs The level of a 1 = kHz, 1-µs pulse input that starts noise canceller operation. Measured at pin 30. 40 mVp-o The pulse rejection effect provided by the noise canceller. For a repeated 1-µs wide pulse, frequency = 10 kHz, 150 mV p-o. The ratio of the FM mode pin 15 output referenced to the AM mode pin 15 output (effective value) 5 [Multipath Rejection Circuit] MRC input (pin 27) MRC output MRC operating level VMRC MRC-ON V24 = 5 V 2.2 2.3 2.4 V The pin 32 input level at f = 70 kHz such that pin 24 goes to 5 V and pin 27 goes to 2 V 10 15 20 mVrms [AM Characteristics] AM ANT input Practical sensitivity S/N-30 1 MHz, 30 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 15 20 Detector output VO-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 15 130 195 270 mVrms VO-AM31 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation, pin 31 110 175 230 mVms VAGC-FOM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, referenced to the output, the input amplitude such that the output falls by 10 dB. Pin 15 51 56 61 dB 47 Pin 31 detector output AGC F.O.M. Signal-to-noise ratio S/N-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30% modulation Total harmonic distortion THD-AM 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 80% modulation Signal meter output Oscillator buffer output Wide band AGC sensitivity SD sensitivity IF buffer output dB 52 dB 0.3 1 % V VSM AM-1 No input 0.0 0.2 0.5 VSM AM-2 1 MHz, 130 dBµ, unmodulated 4.8 6 7.3 No input, the pin 15 output 185 230 VOSCBUFF AM1 V mVrms W-AGCsen1 1.4 MHz, the input when V46 = 0.7 V 92 98 104 dBµ W-AGCsen2 1.4 MHz, the input when V46 = 0.7 V (seek mode) 83 89 95 dBµ SD-sen1 AM 1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the IF counter output turns on. 24 30 36 dBµ SD-sen2 AM 1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the SD pin goes to the on state. 24 30 36 1 MHz, 74 dBµ, unmodulated. The pin 23 output 200 290 VIFBUFF-AM dBµ mVrms Note: These measurements must be made using the either the IC-51-0644-824 or KS8277 IC socket (manufactured by Yamaichi Electronics). * 1. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 200 kΩ. * 2. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 30 kΩ. No. 6655-3/54 LA1787M Function List FM Front End (Equivalent to the Sanyo LA1193) • Double input type double balanced mixer • Pin diode drive AGC output • MOSFET second gate drive AGC output • Keyed AGC adjustment pin • Differential IF amplifier • Wide band AGC sensitivity setting pin, and narrow band AGC sensitivity setting pin • Local oscillator FM IF • IF limiter amplifier • S-meter output (also used for AM) 6-stage pickup • Multipath detection pin (shared FM signal meter) • Quadrature detection • AF preamplifier • AGC output • Band muting • Weak input muting • Soft muting adjustment pin • Muting attenuation adjustment pin • IF counter buffer output (also used for AM) • SD (IF counter buffer on level) adjustment pin • SD output (active high) (also used for AM) Noise Canceller • High-pass filter (first order) • Delay circuit based low-pass filter (fourth order) • Noise AGC • Pilot signal compensation circuit • Noise sensitivity setting pin • Function for disabling the noise canceller in AM mode Multiplex Functions • Adjustment-free VCO circuit • Level follower type pilot canceller circuit • HCC (high cut control) • Automatic stereo/mono switching • VCO oscillation stop function (AM mode) • Forced monaural • SNC (stereo noise controller) • Stereo display pin • Anti-birdie filter AM • Double balanced mixer (1st, 2nd) • IF amplifier • Detection • RF AGC (narrow/wide) • Pin diode drive pin • IF AGC • Signal meter output (also used for FM) • Local oscillator circuits (first and second) • Local oscillator buffer output • IF counter buffer output (also used by the FM IF) • SD (IF counter buffer on level) adjustment pin • SD output (active high) (also used for AM) • Wide AGC • Detection output frequency characteristics adjustment pin (low cut, high deemphasis) • AM stereo buffer MRC (multipath noise rejection circuit) AM/FM switching output (linked to the FM VCC) No. 6655-4/54 LA1787M Operating Characteristics and Symbols Used in the Test Circuit Diagrams Switches (SW) Switch on = 1, SW off = 0 There are two switches that use signal transfer. — SW2: switches between the mixer input and the IF input. — SW4: switches between noise canceler input and IF output + noise canceler input. Types of SG used PG1 (AC1) Used for noise canceler testing. A pulse generator and an AF oscillator are required. AC2 Used for FM front end testing. Outputs an 83 MHz signal. AC3 Used for FM IF, noise canceler, and MPX testing. Outputs a 10.7 MHz signal. Stereo modulation must be possible. AC4 Used for AM testing. Outputs 1 MHz and 1.4 MHz signals. AC5 Used with the MRC. Can also be used for AF and OSC. Power supply VCC 8V VCC1 5V VCC2 0.1 V / 0.7 V / 2 V / 4 V VCC3 0.1 V / 0.6 V / 2 V SD, stereo, seek/stop These levels must be variable. Keyed AGC, Mute ATT HCC, SNC, SASC (MRC) • Switches Parameter ON SW1 AM/FM switching. The FE VCC is supplied to pin 62. SW2 FM IF switching. Pin 51/FE output SW3 For conversion gain testing SW4 For switching between noise canceler input and IF output + noise canceler. SW5 High-speed SD SW6 SEEK/STOP (IF BUFF ON/OFF) SW7 SW8 SW9 For pilot cancellation testing SW10 Mute off (pin 33) OFF FM AM FE IF OUT (A) AC3 (B) Conversion gain measurement (A) Other/purposes AC1 (A) Other/purposes High-speed SD Other/purposes STOP Seek (IF buffer output) MUTE ATT 200 kΩ MUTE 200 kΩ OFF MUTE ATT 30 kΩ MUTE 30 kΩ OFF When pilot cancellation is used When pilot cancellation is not used MUTE OFF MUTE ON • Trimmers (variable resistors) VR1 Separation adjustment VR2 Pilot cancellation adjustment Test Points • DC voltages VD1 FM RF AGC voltage Pin 2 VD2 AM/FM SD, AM Tweet, FM stereo indicator Pin 26 VD3 AM/FM S-meter Pin 24 VD4 MRC output Pin 27 VD5 Mute drive output Pin 33 VD6 AM antenna damping voltage Pin 46 VD7 N.C. Gate time Pin 8 • AC voltages VA1 AM/FM OSC Buff Pin 4 VA2 First IF output Pin 53 → CF → pin 51 load level (10.7 MHz) VA3 IF counter buffer Pin 23 (10.7 MHz/450 kHz) VA4 MPX OUT Left ch Pin 15 (AF) VA5 MPX OUT Right ch Pin 16 (AF) No. 6655-5/54 LA1787M Pin Descriptions Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC 62 pin ANT RF AGC 1 Antenna damping drive 1000pF An antenna damping current flows when the RF AGC voltage (pin 2) reaches VCC – VD. 300Ω 100Ω 1 100Ω 1000pF A13555 VCC FET 2nd GATE 2 RF AGC + Used to control the FET second gate. 12kΩ 2 ANT N AGC DET DAMPING DRIVER W AGC DET VCC KEYED AGC A13556 3 F.E.GND VCC 4 4 OSC Oscillator connection 25pF 2kΩ VT 20pF A13557 7 VCC 7 AM OSC AM first oscillator This circuit can oscillator up to the SW band. An ALC circuit is included. ALC A13558 Continued on next page. No. 6655-6/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit 3kΩ 15kΩ 3kΩ 8 9 Noise AGC sensitivity AGC adjustment After setting up the medium field (about 50 dBµ) sensitivity with the noise sensitivity setting pin (pin 8), set the weak field (about 20 to 30 dBµ) sensitivity with the AGC adjustment pin (pin 9) 200Ω 8 9 3kΩ + 0.47µF 1MΩ 0.01µF A13559 0.01µF 13 11 12 Memory circuit connection 6800pF 12 3.9kΩ 11 VCC Recording circuit used during noise canceller operation. Differential amp Gate circuit LPF A13560 VCC 30kΩ 13 Pilot input PLL Pin 13 is the PLL circuit input pin. N.C 12 13 0.01µF A13561 14 N.C, MPX, MRC, GND Ground for the N.C., MPX, and MRC circuits. Continued on next page. No. 6655-7/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC 15 16 MPX output (left) MPX output (right) Deemphasis 50 µs: 0.015 µF 75 µs: 0.022 µF 3.3kΩ 3.3kΩ 15 16 0.015µF 0.015µF A13562 VCC 20kΩ 17 Pilot canceller signal output Adjustment is required since the pilot signal level varies with the sample-to-sample variations in the IF output level and other parameters. 6.7kΩ 10kΩ 17 18 0.01µF 100kΩ A13563 VCC 18 Pilot canceller signal output Pin 18 is the output pin for the pilot canceller signal. 1.5kΩ 17 18 0.01µF 100kΩ A13564 Continued on next page. No. 6655-8/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit DECODER Composite signal 19 Separation adjustment pin 5kΩ 4kΩ Use a trimmer to adjust the subdecoder input level. (The output level is not modified in mono and main modes.) 19 30kΩ 0.047µF A13565 CSB 912 JF108 20 VREF 20 VCO The oscillator frequency is 912 Hz. KBR-912F108 (Kyocera Corporation) CSB-912JF108 (Murata Mfg. Co., Ltd.) 10pF A13566 VREF 15kΩ PHASE COMP. PHASE COMP. + 15kΩ 19kΩ 21 22 + + 21 22 A13567 Continued on next page. No. 6655-9/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit 4.9V 23 IF counter buffer seek/stop switching This pin functions both as the IF counter buffer (AC output) and as the seek/stop switch pin. The voltage V23 switches between the following three modes. During FM reception: 5 V: Seek mode 2.5 V: Forced SD mode 0 V: Reception mode AM reception (two modes: 0 and 5 V) 5 V: Seek mode 0 V: Reception mode + – 50kΩ + – AM MUTE 1.3V VCC IF counter buffer 10kΩ + – SW 150Ω 50F SD 23 51kΩ STOP IF BUFF. Forced SEEK SD: 2.5V 5V A13568 VCC FM S-meter 24 32 AM/FM signal meter Dedicated FM signal meter Fixed-current drive signal meter output In AM mode, pin 32 outputs a 1-mA current. Thus the HCC circuit is turned off. 32 10kΩ AM S-meter 24 10kΩ AM/FM SW Outputs a 1-mA current during AM reception MRC AM/FM SW A13569 26 Stereo indicator for the SD pin The voltage V23 switches between three modes as follows. FM reception: 5 V: The SD pin operates linked to the IF counter buffer. 2.5 V: Forced SD mode: operates as the SD pin. 0.7 V: Reception mode: stereo indicator AM reception: (two modes: 0 and 5 V) 5 V: Operates as the seek SD pin. 0 V: Reception mode. Not used. AM/FM SD Stereo indicator Seek/stop switching 26 100kΩ VDD A13570 Continued on next page. No. 6655-10/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC VCC C2 + 2µA 27 27 MRC control voltage time constant The MRC detector time constant is determined by a 100 Ω resistor and C2 when discharging and by the 2-µA current and C2 when charging. 100Ω Pin 28 A13571 VREF 28 SNC control input The sub-output is controlled by a 0 to 1-V input. 28 A13572 VREF The high band frequency output is controlled by a 0 to 1-V input. 29 HCC control input It can also be controlled by the MRC output. Use a resistor of at least 100 kΩ when controlling with the pin 32 FM S-meter signal. 32 29 + 1µF A13573 Continued on next page. No. 6655-11/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC FM detector output 31 30 31 Noise canceller input Pin 30 is the noise canceller input. The input impedance is 50 kΩ. AM/FM detector output Pin 31 is the AM and FM detector output In FM mode, this is a lowimpedance output. In AM mode, the output impedance is 10 kΩ. To improve the low band separation, use a coupling capacitor of over 10 µF. 10kΩ VCC 1µF AM detector + 30 Noise canceller 50kΩ 4.2V A13574 VCC 32 32 IF S-meter output and MRC DC input FM S-meter output block MRC AC input block Adjust the external 1-kΩ resistor to attenuate the MRC AC input and control the circuit. 10kΩ + 1µF 1kΩ MRC input A13575 C1 + 0.1µF •The muting time constant is determined by an external RC circuit as described below. Attack time: TA = 10 kΩ × C1 Release time: TR = 50 kΩ × C1 33 Mute drive output •Noise convergence adjustment The noise convergence can be adjusted when there is no input signal by inserting a resistor between pin 33 and ground. •Muting off function Ground pin 33 through a 4-kΩ resistor. 33 VCC 50kΩ MUTE AMP. SEEK OFF SOFT MUTE 10kΩ HOLE DET Band muting 50kΩ SD circuit A13576 Continued on next page. No. 6655-12/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit 0.1µF R1 VREF VCC C 37 •Null voltage When tuned, the voltage between pins 34 and 37, V34 – 37, will be 0 V. The band muting function turns on when |V34 – 37| ≥ 0.7 V. 35 34 Quadrature detector HOLE DET 390Ω AGC QD output QD input VREF 36 VCC •The resistor R1 determines the width of the band muting function. Increasing the value of R1 narrows the band. Reducing the value of R1 widens the band. 34 35 36 37 R2 3pF V37 = 4.9 V 1kΩ IF limitter amplifier Band muting A13577 R SD ADJ 38 38 FM SD ADJ A 130-µA current flows from pin 38 and, in conjunction with the external resistance R, determines the comparison voltage. 130µA + – SD Comparator 24 S-meter A13578 S-meter 24 6.4kΩ 3.6kΩ 39 Keyed AGC AM stereo buffer The keyed AGC operates when the voltage created by dividing the pin 24 S-meter output voltage by the 6.4 and 3.6 kΩ resistors becomes lower than the voltage determined by the resistor between pin 39 and ground. This pin also is used as the AM stereo IF buffer pin. Comparator KEYED AGC + – 39 1.3V 90µA VCC AM IF out 50pF 150Ω A13579 Continued on next page. No. 6655-13/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC 20kΩ + 41 HCC capacitor 20kΩ The HCC frequency characteristics are determined by the external capacitor connected at this pin. 41 2200pF A13580 This pin is used to change the frequency characteristics of the unneeded audio band under 100 Hz in AM mode to produce a clear audio signal. VCC C 42 42 AM L.C. pin Note: The LC capacitor must be connected between this pin and VCC (pin 40). This is because the detector circuit operates referenced to VCC. VCC DET 50kΩ 1kΩ + – 50kΩ The cutoff frequency fC is determined by the following formula. 1kΩ A13581 fC = 1/2π × 50 kΩ × C VCC 19kHz∠0° BIAS 30kΩ 43 Pilot detector Inserting a 1-MΩ resistor between pin 43 and VCC will force the IC to mono mode. 30kΩ + 30kΩ 43 1µF + A13582 Continued on next page. No. 6655-14/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit + 0.022µF 240kΩ 42 44 IF AGC G1; Used for time constant switching during seeks. • Reception τ = 2.2 µF × 300 kΩ • Seek τ = 2.2 µF × 10 Ω The external capacitors are connected to VCC. This is because the IF amplifier operates referenced to VCC. VCC C 2.2µF 44 VCC DET 50kΩ 50kΩ IF AGC G1 SEEK ON 10Ω A13583 Pin 40 VCC 45 Pin 40 VCC 45 IF output The IF amplifier load DET A13584 VCC 50pF 46 100Ω 46 AM antenna damping drive output Wide band AGC input I46 = 6 mA (maximum) This is the antenna damping current. 20kΩ VCC W.AGC AMP. ANT DAMPING DRIVER A13585 Continued on next page. No. 6655-15/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit 30kΩ R 47 VCC FM muting on level adjustment 140µA + – 47 Modify the value of the external resistor to adjust the muting on level. Pin 24 Inverter MUTE A13586 VCC 5.6V 48 57 RF AGC bypass RF AGC RF AGC rectification capacitor The low frequency distortion is determined as follows: Increasing C48 and C57 improves the distortion but makes the response slower. Reducing C48 and C57 aggravates the distortion but makes the response faster. 10kΩ 48 + – + Antenna damping 3.3µF For AGC use 57 + 47µF A13587 2.6V 50 51 IF bypass FM IF input Due to the high gain of the limiter amplifer, care must be taken when choosing the grounding point for the limiter amplifer input capacitor to prevent oscillation. 10kΩ 10kΩ 50 0.022µF 330Ω 51 IF in A13588 2kΩ 100Ω 52 IF input The input impedance is 2 kΩ. 52 A13589 Continued on next page. No. 6655-16/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit VCC IF OUT 53 • Input and output pin or the first IF amplifier • Inverting amplifier 53 56 IF amplifier output IF amplifier input 300Ω 300Ω V56 = 2 V Input impedance: RIN = 330 Ω 2.75V V53 = 5.3 V Output impedance ROUT = 330 Ω IF IN 56 A13590 Pin 40 VCC Pin 40 VCC 54 54 49 Mixer output: 130 µA Mixer input OSC The mixer coil connected to the pin 54 mixer output must be wired to VCC (pin 40). The pin 49 mixer input impedance is 330 Ω 49 330Ω A13591 62 pin VCC W-AGC N-AGC Pins 55 and 58 include built-in DC cut capacitors. The AGC on level is determined by the values of the capacitors C1 and C2. 55 58 W-AGC IN AM SD ADJ N-AGC IN Muting attenuation adjustment pin Pin 55 functions as the SD sensitivity adjustment pin in AM mode. The output current I55 is 50 µA, and V55 varies depending on the value of the external resistor. The SD function operates by comparing V55 with the S-meter voltage. 55 30pF C1 MIX IN 50pF 58 C2 50µA MIX OUT + – AM SD Signal meter A13592 Continued on next page. No. 6655-17/54 LA1787M Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Function Description Equivalent circuit 1ST.IF OSC 59 Double balanced mixer Pins 59 and 60 are the mixer 10.7-MHz output VCC 60 59 60 Mixer output 63 64 Mixer input Pins 63 and 64 are the mixer input. This is an emitter insertion type circuit, and the amount of insertion is determined by the capacitors C1 and C2. Note:The lines for pins 63 and 64 must be kept separated from the lines for pins 59 and 60. 30Ω VCC C1 63 RF AMP 5pF C2 64 5pF 620Ω 620Ω A13593 Pin 6 functions both as the FM front end VCC and the AM/FM switching circuit. 6 Front end VCC AM/FM switching V6 voltage VCC SD + – + FM.F.E AGC 100kΩ Mode When 8 V → FM 510Ω 6 8V OPEN → AM AM/FM switching circuit 3.3V 3 GND A13594 AM 1st MIX to RF Amp. 62 62 1st MIX INPUT First mixer input The input impedance is about 10 kΩ. 10kΩ 2.1V A13595 10kΩ 5.6V 10 AM 2nd OSC Crystal oscillator circuit The Kinseki, Ltd. HC-49/U-S and a CL of 20 pF must be used. 20pF to 2nd MIX 33pF 10 X tal A13596 No. 6655-18/54 + 10kΩ VREF AM LC PILOT DET 1µF 0.022µF 2200pF 100µF 0.22µF 11kΩ IF7 2.2µF 3.3µF QD IN QD OUT AFC IN 0.47µF FM SD ADJ. 30kΩ KEYED AGC 6.8kΩ 0.47µF MUTE DRIVE CHCC 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 1µF 32 1µF 15pF 15pF 50 0.022µF 49 31 NC-IN 30 100kΩ 47µF 51 29 GND 52 28 53 27 26 100kΩ 54 55 2.7kΩ 56 25 5V 24 AM/FM S-METER 0.47µF 330Ω 57 23 22 59 58 21 60 61 20 0.022µF 19 + – 62 18 17 100kΩ 18pF 63 SEP.ADJ 0.022µF 100F 100kΩ 30kΩ AM OSC N.C.MPX GND 0.015µF 0.015µF FM/AM VSM 1000pF ANT D RF AGC FE GND 18pF OSC 10kΩ 1000pF 100kΩ 39pF 9pF 100kΩ LEFT CH. 300pF 10µF 10µF AM VCC AM ANT IN AM RF GND FM ANT IN FM/AM VT FM GND 2kΩ AM/FM OSC BUFF 25pF 20pF 0.022µF 0.022µF 10.26MHz 1µF 10µF 10µF RIGHT CH. NC MPX GND 0.022µF 1MΩ 0.01µF 0.47µF 3SK263 180Ω 100kΩ 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 FMIF AM GND FMIF AM NC MPX VCC MPX OUT 200kΩ 68pF 2.2kΩ 240kΩ 240kΩ 100kΩ 100kΩ 10kΩ 1kΩ 4.7kΩ 51kΩ 22kΩ 22kΩ 22kΩ 10kΩ 0.01µF 3SK583 100pF 100pF 100pF 100pF 51kΩ 1.5kΩ +B 12V 10µF GND 22kΩ 22kΩ 100kΩ 10kΩ 100µF 7 6 14 15 AM IN 20 19 VSS 7.2MHz CE CI CL 17 VDD 18 PD DO 16 FM IN 1 2 3 4 5 8 LC7216M 9 13 FM/AM 10 10kΩ 1kΩ 22kΩ 100kΩ 12 11 100µF 5.6V SEEK→AM/FM SD STOP→FM ST IND. 9.1V 0.022µF VCC + + + + TO AM STEREO (IF OUT) + + 10kΩ 0.1µF 240kΩ RFAGC 1µF HCC 1kΩ 1MH 1kΩ 0.022µF 30Ω 0.22µF + 50kΩ AM LEVEL ADJ DET OUT 100µH + 0.022µF 100kΩ FM 100µH + MUTE AMP Q.DET METER ANT D OSC OSC BUFF 15pF FM IF IN FC18 220Ω 30MH SNC DC-C AFC DET CLAMP L.C. 8200pF AM HC IF limiter amplifier + BUFF 100Ω MUTE DRIVE HOLE DET FMVSM FM SD AMVSM AM SD IF AGC AM IF IN MRC + DET 510kΩ + AM SD ADJ AM MIX OUT FM WB AGCIN 1µF IF BUFF FM IF OUT 10kΩ SNC MIX HCC IF AM/FM REG SW TWEET RF AGC WB AGC 20kΩ VCO GND FE IF IN FF 19k<90k VCO STOP SEEK SW AM FM VREF MAIN HC SD/ST IND + INPUT W.B.AGC PHASE COMP 62pF 5.6kΩ FF 19k<0 AMP RF AGC MUTE ATT LPF HPF 0.047µF 20kΩ P-CAN 1µF CSB912JF108 TRIG PILOT DET MIX FEVCC KEYED AGC VCC 30Ω FF GATE TRIG AGC 0.01µF 6800pF + SUB MAT DEC RIX 5pF 10pF 30kΩ FF 38k<0 NOISE AM/FM 0.022µF AMP VCC 5pF + + 0.022µF 0.22µF + ANTD 0.022µF 30kΩ AMP PICAN INPUT BUFF 8pF 30Ω 18pF COUNTER BUFF AM 1ST OSC 1000pF ANT D 5pF 22pF 22pF GND 100Ω 0.022µF 0.01µF PI.CAN ADJ 1000pF 200kΩ 0.1µF 1µF 2.2kΩ 10kΩ L 0.22µF + 22pF + GND + + + 30kΩ + + R 1kΩ 100pF CE CI CL DO RDS ADC MUTE LC867148 SD/MONO ST R ON A13597 LA1787M Block Diagram No. 6655-19/54 22pF AC2 SG2 VD6 JIS DUMMY 15pF 65pF 100µH 6.8mH 50Ω 30Ω 0.022µF SW8 30kΩ 30Ω FC18 47µF AC1 SG1 SW7 ANTD 0.022µF 0.022µF + 50Ω VD1 0.022µF 0.022µF 1000µF 25Ω 510Ω 100µH 1mH 18pF FM IF OUT AM IF IN 3pF VCC 100Ω 0.022µF 100Ω 5pF 5pF 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 GND FEVCC MUTE ATT 10pF FE IF IN FM WB AGCIN 55 54 53 52 51 FM IF IN 50 0.022µF + 1 ANT D AM/FM 47 2 MIX + MIX RFAGC 48 49 SW3 330Ω AM SD ADJ AM MIX OUT 20kΩ 50Ω 100kΩ 200Ω 30Ω 1.6kΩ 200kΩ 330Ω AC3 SG3 39pF 100kΩ 50Ω IF IN B SW2 ( i ) MIX A FM VCC 3.3µF ANT D 300Ω FM GND VT + 20pF 3 BUFF RF AGC 44 + L.C. 4 OSC BUFF AM 1ST OSC VA1 5 KEYED AGC AM FM VREF 7 6 8V SW1 20kΩ TRIG AGC + 40 0.22µF – + LPF 38 MAIN HC VCO STOP HCC SNC HOLE DET FF FF 38k<0 FF 19<0 FF 19<90 k MRC 3pF VCC 14 0.1µF VCO 15 16 MPX OUT SUB MA DEC TRIX P-CAN 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 1µF + 0.22µF 0.01µF PI.CAN ADJ VR2 100kΩ VR1 SEP. ADJ SW9 20kΩ 0.047µF 20kΩ 1µF CSB912JF108 + 5.6kΩ 3pF B 8V 0.022µF SW5 50kΩ VCC3 PG1 (AC1) AC5 VCC2 VA3 SW6 VA8 VD3 VCC2 SEEK→AM/FM SD STOP→AM ST BUFFER FM ST IND. VD2 VD4 SNC HCC NC-IN FM/AM IFBUFF. 50kΩ 1µF MRC-IN 4.3kΩ VD5 8V VCC SW4 (T) A AM LEVEL ADJ 8200pF AM HC AM/FM S-METER 0.47µF GND SNC HCC NC-IN + DET OUT FM S-METER MUTE DRIVE 33 + TRIG PHASE COMP 34 + PILOT DET VA7 + VA6 10µF VA9 8V 0.022µF 0.47µF AFC IN MUTE DRIVE MUTE AMP 35 DC-C AFC DET CIAMP Q.DET 36 10kΩ 37 0.1µF VREF 10 11 12 13 AM OSC + 6800pF 0.01µF 39 QD IN + 10µF SW10 10.26MHz X TAL VCC 8 GATE HPF 9 FMVSM FM SD IF limiter amplifier 41 IF BUFF AMVSM AM SD 42 FF FM/AM REG SW TWEET IF DET AGC BUFF 0.022µF 240kΩ + 43 PILOT DET 1µF OSC OSC BUFF 45 RF AGC W.B. AGC ANT D 46 W.B.AGC FE GND 15kΩ RF AGC MUTE OR ADJ 180kΩ 30kΩ 50Ω 1µF IF7 5pF QD OUT AM LC 300pF 100µF 0.01µF 10kΩ 1MΩ 2.2µF 25pF 20pF AM/FM OSC BUFF 2200pF CHCC 10kΩ 0.022µF 0.022µF 0.47µF 10kΩ 0.015µF VA2 1MΩ 1µF IF OUT 10kΩ 6.8kΩ KEYED AGC 22kΩ FM SD ADJ. 10kΩ 0.022µF 10kΩ 100kΩ VCC N.C.MPX GND + 0.015µF + LEFT CH. + RIGHT CH. + 1MΩ 100kΩ + + 100kΩ GND A13598 5V VCC1 LA1787M AC Characteristics Test Circuit + + No. 6655-20/54 LA1787M Test Conditions Parameter Current drain Demodulation output Pin 31 demodulation output Channel balance Total harmonic distortion (FM) Symbol Switch states SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8 SW9 SW10 ICCO-FM ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — VO-FM ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — VO-FM31 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — CB ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — THD-FMmono ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — — Signal-to-noise ratio: IF S/N-FM IF ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON AM suppression ratio: IF AMR IF ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Att-1 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — — Muting attenuation Separation Att-2 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON Att-3 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Separation ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Stereo on level ST-ON ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Stereo off level ST-OFF ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — THD-Main L ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — PCAN ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF OFF/ON — Main total harmonic distortion Pilot cancellation AttSNC ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — HCC output attenuation 1 SNC output attenuation AttHCC-1 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — HCC output attenuation 2 AttHCC-2 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Vi-lim ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON ON Input limiting voltage Muting sensitivity Vi-mute ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — SD sensitivity 1 SD-sen1 FM ON b OFF b OFF OFF OFF OFF ON — SD sensitivity 2 SD-sen2 FM ON b OFF b ON OFF OFF OFF ON — VIFBUFF-FM ON b OFF b OFF OFF OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-1 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-2 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-3 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — VSM FM-4 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Muting bandwidth BW-mute ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — Mute drive output VMUTE-100 ON b OFF b — ON OFF OFF ON — N-AGC on input VNAGC ON a ON b — ON OFF OFF — — W-AGC on input VWAGC ON a ON b — ON OFF OFF — — Conversion gain A.V ON a ON b — ON OFF OFF — — VOSCBUFFFM ON a ON b — ON OFF OFF — — τGATE1 ON — OFF a — ON OFF OFF — — SN ON — OFF a — ON OFF OFF — — SN-NC ON/OFF — OFF a — ON OFF OFF — — VMRC ON — OFF b — ON OFF OFF — — — IF counter buffer output Signal meter output (FM) Oscillator buffer output Gate time 1 Noise sensitivity NC effect MRC output MRC operating level MRC-ON ON — OFF b — ON OFF OFF — Practical sensitivity S/N-30 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — Detection output VO-AM OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — Pin 31 detection output VO-AM31 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — AGC F.O.M. VAGC-FOM OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — Signal-to-noise ratio S/N-AM OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — Total harmonic distortion (AM) THD-AM OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — VSM AM-1 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — VSM AM-2 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — VOSCBUFF AM-1 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — W-AGCsen 1 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — W-AGCsen 2 OFF — OFF b ON ON — — — — SD-sen1 AM OFF — OFF b OFF OFF — — — — SD-sen2 AM OFF — OFF b OFF OFF — — — — VIFBUFF-AM OFF — OFF b OFF OFF — — — — Signal meter output (AM) Oscillator buffer output Wide band AGC sensitivity SD sensitivity IF buffer output No. 6655-21/54 LA1787M Usage Notes 1. Notes on VCC and Ground Pin 40 VCC for the FM IF, AM, NC, MPX, and MRC blocks Pin 25 Ground for the FM IF and AM blocks Pin 14 Ground for the NC, MPX, and MRC blocks Pin 61 VCC for the FM front end, AM first mixer, and first oscillator blocks * Pin 6 VCC for the FM front end and AGC blocks, and the AM/FM switching pin Pin 3 Ground for the FM front end, first mixer, and first oscillator blocks *: When applying the VCC voltage to pin 6, that voltage must not exceed the pin 40 and pin 61 VCC voltages. (This condition must be checked carefully when first applying the pin 6 voltage.) 2. Notes on AM Coil Connection The VCC used for the first oscillator coil connected to pin 7 must be at the same potential as pin 61. Connect to the IFT connected with pin 45, and to the MIX coil connected with pin 54. VCC must be at the same potential as pin 40. 3. AM/FM Switching Pin 6 is also used as the FM front end and RF AGC VCC Pin 6 voltage Mode 8 FM OPEN AM Fig. 1 LA1787M Overview 1. Notes on the LA1781M, LA1784M, and LA1787M The LA1784M is a version of the LA1781M that uses an external oscillator circuit, and has the same characteristics as the LA1781M. The LA1787M is a version of the LA1784M that features improved characteristics. LA1781M LA1784M This product is a version of the LA1781M with the oscillator circuit removed. It supports the use of an external oscillator circuit. It has the same characteristics as the LA1781M. LA1787M The LA1787M features improved characteristics over the LA1781M and LA1784M. No. 6655-22/54 LA1787M 2. Modified circuits The following characteristics have been improved over those of the The LA1784M. • The AM adjacent channel interference characteristics (∆40 kHz) have been improved. • The AM S-meter curve slope has been increased. • The FM separation temperature characteristics have been improved. • The stereo indicator sensitivity has been improved. • The FM oscillator circuit has been omitted. (1) AM interference characteristics improvement The second signal interference and suppression have been improved for adjacent channels (±40 kHz) by increasing the AM second mixer input dynamic range. (2) The AM S-meter curve slope has been increased. The slope of the AM S-Meter curve has been increased from that of the LA1781M and LA1784M. AM S-Meter Voltage 7 S-meter voltage — V 6 5 M 87 LA1780M 7 A1 L 4 3 M 81 17 LA 2 1 0 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Antenna input — dBµ (3) FM separation temperature characteristics improvement The temperature characteristics have been improved, the amount of change in the separation due to drift when at power on has been stabilized. This makes it easier to adjust the separation. Change in Separation (LA1787M): First IF Input 60 55 55 Change in separation — dB Change in separation — dB Change in Separation (LA1781M): First IF Input 60 50 45 40 35 0 1 2 Time after power on — minutes 3 50 45 40 35 0 1 2 3 Time after power on — minutes No. 6655-23/54 LA1787M (4) Stereo indicator sensitivity improvement The stereo indicator sensitivity (on/off) is equivalent to that of the LA1780M Stereo on level Stereo off level LA1781M/1784M 4.1% 3.1% LA1787M/1780M 2.6% 1.6% (Typical value) *: The pilot level such that the stereo indicator goes on or off for a 10.7 MHz unmodulated IF input. (5) FM oscillator circuit removed The internal FM oscillator circuit provided in the LA1781M has been removed. The FM oscillator level can be adjusted by constructing an external circuit block. *: However, this requires 4 more external parts than the LA1781M: 1 transistor and 3 resistors/capacitors. IC internal VCC IC internal VCC VCC 4 4 Vt Vt A13600 A13601 LA1780M/1781M FM OSC LA1787M/1784M FM OSC 3. Gain distribution The table below shows the gain distribution of the LA1780M, LA1784M, and LA1787M. (These are measured values.) Compared to the LA1784M, the total gain is lower. 1st MIX (10.7) 1st IF (10.7) 2nd MIX (450) 2nd IF (450) LA1780M 10 dB 3.3 dB 3.2 dB 69 dB LA1784M 7.5 dB 13 dB 7 dB 66 dB LA1787M 7.5 dB 3.5 dB 8.6 dB 67 dB First mixer : No circuit changes from the LA1784M. First IF amplifier : Equivalent to the LA1780M circuit. (The gain is lower than that in the LA1781M and LA1784M.) Second mixer : The mixer circuit has been modified to improve adjacent channel suppression and interference. Second IF amplifier : Equivalent to the LA1780M circuit. No. 6655-24/54 LA1787M 4. Changes to applications Component values that change from LA1781M/LA1784M applications (Since the total AM gain has changed in the LA1787M) • AM SD adjustment resistor (pin 55): Because Vsm is higher. • AM level adjustment resistor (pin 31): Since the post-detection audio amplifier gain is higher than in the LA1781M and LA1784M, the output level is also higher. This resistor must be changed to match the set value. • AM mixer coil (pin 54), IFT coil (pin 45) damp resistor: Since the IF block gain is increased, the mixer (pin 54) and IFT (pin 45) coil damping must be adjusted. • Separation adjustment resistor (pin 19): Since an internal 4 kΩ resistor has been added to the pin 19 input circuit to improve the separation temperature characteristics, the value of the external resistor must be reduced from that used with the LA1780M, LA1781M, and LA1784M. (See the following page.) DECODER Composite Sign Composite Sign 5kΩ DECODER 5kΩ Added 4 kΩ resistor 19 19 30kΩ 30kΩ 0.047µF 0.047µF A13602 A13603 LA1787M LA1781M/1784M Functions 1. Notes on the FM Front End Notes on interference rejection characteristics • Intermodulation characteristics The LA1787M applies two high-band AGC functions to prevent IM (the generation of intermodulation). These are the narrow AGC (pin 58: mixer input detection type) and the wide AGC (for the pin 55 input), and this results in the antenna frequency characteristics shown in figure 2. The levels at which the AGC functions turn on are determined by the capacitors attached at pins 55 and 58. ∆f — AGC Sensitivity When ∆f = 0, 98.1 MHz AGC sensitivity — dBµ 110 100 The wide AGC sensitivity when pin 39 is 5 V. 90 80 70 The narrow AGC sensitivity when pin 39 is at ground. 60 50 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 ∆f — MHz Fig. 2 No. 6655-25/54 LA1787M • Notes on second-channel attenuation suppression Keyed AGC (3D AGC) is a technique for achieving good characteristics for both intermodulation and secondchannel attenuation at the same time. When the desired signal is faint or nonexistent, the high-band AGC level will be essentially 0, and as a result automatic tuning may malfunction and blocking oscillation may occur in the presence of strong interfering stations. Keyed AGC helps resolve these problems. This 3D AGC technique uses information that has the following three frequency characteristics and is a unique Sanyo-developed system for determining the high-band AGC level. RF and ANT circuit information: Mixer input AGC Mixer circuit information: Mixer output AGC CF selectivity information: S-meter output • 3D AGC Features Feature Merit Only the narrow AGC sensitivity (operation at ∆f < 1.5 MHz) is controlled by the field strength of the desired station. • Effective in resolving second-channel attenuation problems. The narrow AGC sensitivity is controlled by a voltage (V 23) that is under 0.5 V. • Allows effective resolution of second-channel attenuation problems without degrading three-signal characteristics. The wide AGC can operate even when V23 = 0 (when the desired station is not present). • Seek operations may stop incorrectly due to the occurrence of intermodulation. • It is possible to prevent the occurrence of intermodulation in the RF tuning circuit and antenna in the presence of strong interfering stations, and blocking oscillation due to AGC operation can be prevented. The narrow and wide AGC sensitivities can be set independently. (See figure 3 and 4.) • Settings can be optimized for the field conditions. The system has two AGC systems: narrow and wide AGC. (See figure 5.) • Since the narrow AGC operates for the desired station and adjacent stations, the wide AGC sensitivity can be lowered and AGC malfunction due to local oscillator signal can be prevented. ∆f — AGC on Level (ANT input) ∆f — AGC on Level (ANT input) Fig.4 Fig.3 Pin 55 capacitor: 3 pF 110 Wide AGC on level — dBµ Narrow AGC on level — dBµ 110 100 90 Pin 58 capacitor: 10 pF 80 70 keyed AGC 39 Pin 58 capacitor: 47 pF 60 50 –5 –3 –4 –2 –1 1 0 2 3 4 90 Pin 55 capacitor: 10 pF 80 70 keyed AGC 39 5V 60 50 5 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 ∆f — MHz ∆f — MHz Pin 59 narrow AGC and pin 55 wide AGC input levels — dBµ 100 W-AGC, N-AGC — f Fig.5 70 80 s Wide AGC on level frequency characteristic Narrow AGC on 90 level frequency characteristics 100 110 120 130 AGC input level frequency characteristics such that VRFAGC (pin 2) falls under 2 V. 140 7 1.0 2 3 5 7 10 2 3 5 7 100 2 3 5 Frequency, f — MHz No. 6655-26/54 LA1787M 3D AGC Sensitivity Characteristics AGC sensitivity Wide AGC sensitivity ∆F 1 2 Second-channel attenuation improvement Narrow AGC sensitivity 3 Desired station AGC sensitivity 4 V23 (Desired station field strength) A12075 Fig. 6 3D AGC Sensitivity — ∆f, V23 characteristics • The wide AGC sensitivity is determined by the antenna and RF circuit selectivity, regardless of V23. • The narrow AGC sensitivity is determined by the following. The total selectivity of the antenna, RF circuit, and mixer when V23 ≥ 0.5 V The above selectivity and V23 when V23 < 0.5 V • The improvement in the second-channel attenuation corresponds to the area occupied by the narrow AGC in the total AGC sensitivity area. Figure 8 on the next page shows the actual operation of the circuit. The fu input level at which antenna damping turns on — dBµ ∆f — AGC on Level (ANT input) 110 fD = 98.1 MHz Second-channel pad 100 90 ANT IN VIN 80 70 fu = 98.1 MHz + ∆f 60 50 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 ∆f — MHz 2 3 4 A12076 5 Fig. 7 No. 6655-27/54 LA1787M Notes on 3D AGC (Keyed AGC) VCC 55 W-AGC DET 58 N-AGC DET 90µA S-meter + – VCC + – 1 2 39 24 + ANT DUMPING VS-meter A11763 Fig. 8 • The antenna damping current from the pin due to the pin diode flows when the V2 pin reaches the VCC - VBE level. • The narrow AGC operates as follows. When pin V39 > pin V24: The narrow AGC turns off. When pin V39 < pin V24: The narrow AGC turns on. No. 6655-28/54 LA1787M • The LA1787M includes two AGC circuits in its front end block. — Antenna input limiter using a pin diode. — FET second gate control The AGC input pin is pin 59, and the AGC circuit turns on when a signal of about 30 mVrms is input. AGC activation The pin diode drive circuit turns on when VCC – V2 is greater than or equal to about 1 V, and input limitation is applied to the antenna circuit. In application circuits, there will be an attenuation of about 30 to 40 dB. Next, when an adequate current flows in the antenna attenuator pin diode, the inductance falls, the FET second gate voltage drops, the FET gm falls, and the AGC operates. The recommended FET is the Sanyo 3SK263, which is an enhancement-type MOSFET. Therefore, full AGC is applied when the voltage, VG2-S, between the second gate and the source is 0. Note that if a depletion-type MOSFET is used, AGC will not be applied unless VG2-S is less than 0. V2 AGC Characteristics Fig.9 9 fr = 98.0 Hz VCC = 8 V Ta = 25°C 8 6 Range where AGC level AGC level due the AGC does due to the to the MOSFET not operate pin diode: second gate: about 35 dB about 35 dB 5 4 3 2 1 0 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 ANT IN — dBµ 63 62 MIX VCC 60 MIX INPUT Due to optimized device geometry, emitter current, the bias, this IC achieves the following performance. 59 MIX OUT 64 MIX OUT • Mixer The mixer circuit in this IC is a double-balanced mixer with both balanced input and balanced output. Input circuit type Emitter input Input impedance: 25 Ω MIX INPUT V2AGC — V 7 MIX Mixer input usable sensitivity: 15 dBµ Mixer input IMQS: 90.5 dBµ (For an oscillator level of 200 mVrms) OSC * The mixer input IMQS is defined as: fr = 98.8 MHz, no input fu1 = 98.8 MHz, 1 kHz, 30% modulation fu2 = 99.6 MHz, no modulation The interference 1 and 2 input levels such that generated intermodulation output signal-to-noise ratio becomes 30 dB when an interference signal with the same level as the mixer input is input, and distortion occurs in the mixer. Mixer circuit A12077 Fig. 10 No. 6655-29/54 LA1787M • Oscillator Figure 11 shows the type of oscillator circuit used in this IC. It includes both an oscillator and an oscillator buffer. VCC 18pF 4 25pF AM/FM OSC BUFFER OUT 5 VT 20pF A12078 Fig. 11 • Figure 12 shows the type of FM first IF amplifier used in this IC. It is a differential single-stage amplifier. 330Ω TO MIX FM IF input 56 53 330Ω + 330Ω – A12079 Fig. 12 Specifications Input impedance: 330 Ω Output impedance: 330 Ω Gain: 20 dB No. 6655-30/54 LA1787M 2. FM IF • Notes on the FM SD and SD adjustment The figure below presents an overview of the FM SD and the IF count buffer. 4.9V R + – R + – R Band muting Muting drive output HOLE CLET STEREO IND S-meter IF count buffer + – 39 24 FM IF 33 23 26 5V IF count output SD STEREO/MONO 2.5V 5V Fig. 13 A11759 Figure 14 shows the relationship between the FM SD, the IF count buffer output, the S-meter, and the muting drive output. V24 Larger values of R33 S-meter V38 V33 Smaller values of R33 V33 over 0.7 V V33 over 0.7 V V26 5V SD ON On as an SD signal SD ON Mono Stereo V23AC 0.7 V OFF IF count buffer OFF IF counter output off V23DC 5V 2.5 V 0V RDS and other types of SD detection can be used by switching these modes. New LA1784M functionality: For stereo input (when the V26 pin voltage is 0.7 V), when this pin is shorted to ground (0.1 V or lower) the IC will operate in forced mono mode. A11758 Fig. 14 No. 6655-31/54 LA1787M • Transient response characteristics during automatic tuning The transient characteristics for SD and IF count buffer on/off operation are determined by the time constants of the RC circuits attached to the following pins. (1) Muting time constant: pin 33 (2) S-meter time constant: pin 24 (3) AFC time constant: pin 34 There are two points that require consideration when using fast tuning. (1) The SD time constant due to the S-meter time constant Since the current I24 (pin 24) varies with the field strength, the time constant also changes. There is no hysteresis in the comparator. If a smaller value is used for C24, you must select a value for C such that the AGC does not become unstable when the pin 24 voltage is used for keyed AGC. S-meter 10k 24 C24 A12080 Fig. 15 (2) The SD time constant due to the pin 33 muting voltage time constant The changes in volume due to field fluctuation during weak field reception can be made smoother by setting the attack and release times during soft muting operation. Mute drive Mute amp 10kΩ Muting time constants Attack: 10 kΩ × C33 50kΩ Attack Release: 50 kΩ × C33 Release 33 C33 A11766 Fig. 16 Antenna input such that pin 5 goes high — dBµ SD Sensitivity Adjustment Fig.17 50 40 30 20 10 0 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 Resistance between the pin and ground — kΩ No. 6655-32/54 LA1787M However, when testing this stop sensitivity, note that when checking the waveform on the IF count buffer output (pin 23), there are cases, such as that shown below, where current in the test system may be seen as flowing to ground and cause oscillation that causes the IF count buffer output to go to the output state. F.E. IF buffer amp IF 5V 0.022 µF Test system capacitance The 10.7 MHz feeds back through ground. A12081 Fig. 18 • FM Muting control pin (pin 47) (R47: 30 kΩ variable resistor) The –3 dB limiting sensitivity can be adjusted with R47. FM Soft Muting (1) R47 = 7.5 kΩ Fig.19 DET out Output, Output noise — dB 15 kΩ 10 kΩ 20 kΩ Noise Antenna input — dBµ • FM muting attenuation adjustment (pin 58) The muting attenuation can be switched between the three levels of –20, –30, and –40 dB by the resistor inserted between pin 58 and ground. (Note that the exact values depend on the total tuner gain.) The noise convergence with no input is determined by the pin 58 voltage. 58 100Ω R58 R58 A11764 Mute ATT Open –20 dB 200 kΩ –30 dB 30 kΩ –40 dB The attenuation can be set by making R33 smaller as listed in the table above. 33 R33 A11765 Fig. 20 No. 6655-33/54 LA1787M FM Soft Muting (2) FM Soft Muting (3) Fig.21 Fig.22 R47 = 7.5 kΩ R47 = 7.5 kΩ DET out DET out 10 kΩ Output, noise — Output noise — dB dB Output — dB 10 kΩ Output — dB 15 kΩ 200 kΩ 20 kΩ Noi se 15 kΩ 30 kΩ Nois 2 0kΩ Antenna input — dBµ e Antenna input — dBµ VCC Quadrature detector 200 kΩ R Mute amp. (VCA) + – R + – N-AGC Mute drive Limiter R 58 33 31 DET out To MIX out Open 200 kΩ 30 kΩ Fig. 23 A11767 • FM muting off function Forcing this pin to the ground level turns muting off. Detector output 0 1 When the pin is at the ground level, the noise convergence will be 10 dB and the –3 dB limiting sensitivity will be about 0 dBµ. 20 Antenna input A12082 Fig. 24 No. 6655-34/54 LA1787M • Hall detection The Hall detection function detects the level of the pin 36 quadrature input signal and then applies peak detection to that result. The result is output from pin 33. This circuit has three effects. (1) It assures that muting will be applied for weak inputs with an antenna input of under 5 dBµ. The amount of attenuation is referenced to an antenna input of 60 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, and a 22.5 kHz dev output, and is variable from 10 dB to 40 dB when there is no input. Thus one feature of this circuit is that the weak input noise attenuation and the –3 dB limiting sensitivity for over 5 dBµ inputs can be set independently. Hall Detection Output — Antenna Input Characteristics Fig.25 5 Area muted by Hall detection V38pin — V 4 3 2 1 0 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 Antenna input — dBµ (2) When the pin 36 quadrature input is a saturated input, the pin 36 noise level (Va) is detected and a peak-hold function is applied to pin 33 (Vb) for locations rapid field strength variations and severe multipath occurs for fields that result in an antenna input level of over 5 dBµ. 36 33 Vb Va 0 + 0.1µF 0 A12083 Fig. 26 (3) Unique features One unique feature of the LA1784M is that if there are adjacent stations such that f1 = 98.1 MHz and f2 = 97.9 MHz, a search operation will not stop at 98.0 MHz. Since VAFC = 0 V and VSM = 3.6 V at 98.0 MHz in the situations shown in figure 27 and 28, even though Hall detection would normally not operate and SD would be high, in this IC the Hall detection circuit will operate, VMute will be set to 1.2 V (over 0.7 V) and the SD signal will go low, thus preventing incorrect stopping of the search. No. 6655-35/54 Fig.27 f1 f2 ANT IN 0 Pin 24, VSM — V –1 6 4 2 0 6 4 2 f2 = 97.9 MHz, 120 dBµ fm = 400 Hz, 22.5 kHz dev. f1 = 98.1 MHz, 120 dBµ fm = 1 kHz, 22. 5kHz dev. 0 8 Pin 26 (SD) — V Unique Features of the LA1784M Hall Detection Circuit (2) 2 1 Fig.28 When the tuner is moved in 50 kHz steps. With a 51 kΩ resistor between pins 37 and 34. With the SD sensitivity adjusted to be 20 dBµ. 0 –1 6 4 2 0 97.7 97.9 97.8 98.0 98.1 98.2 Pin 24, VSM — V 1 When the tuner is moved in 50 kHz steps. With a 51 kΩ resistor between pins 37 and 34. With the SD sensitivity adjusted to be 20 dBµ. Voltage between pins 37 and 34, VAFC — V Pin 33, VMute — V Unique Features of the LA1784M Hall Detection Circuit (1) 2 6 4 2 0 6 4 2 0 f2 = 97.9 MHz, 40 dBµ fm = 400 Hz, 22.5 kHz dev. f1 = 98.1 MHz, 40 dBµ fm = 1 kHz, 22.5 kHz dev. 8 Pin 26 (SD) — V Voltage between pins 37 and 34, VAFC — V Pin 33, VMute — V LA1787M 6 4 2 0 97.7 98.3 Frequency, fr — MHz 97.8 97.9 98.0 98.1 98.2 98.3 Frequency, fr — MHz • Notes on the quadrature input level When a strong field is being received the quadrature signal input (pin 36) requires a 200 mV rms input, and the detection transformer and the damping resistor between pins 36 and 37 must be designed. (We recommend the Sumida SA-208 transformer and a 10 kΩ resistor between pins 36 and 37.) When the pin 36 input level falls below 160 mV rms, the Hall detection circuit operates and the pin 33 mute drive output voltage increases. Therefore, when pin 36 input is from 160 to under 200 mV rms during strong field reception, the muting circuit may or may not operate due to sample-to-sample variations between individual ICs. Furthermore, the SD function may not operate, and the audio output level may be reduced. Incorrect operation due to sample-to-sample variations and temperature characteristics can be prevented by keeping the pin 36 voltage at 200 mVrms or higher. Pin 33 VMute — QD Input Level SA208 + LA1787M IF Input Characteristics Fig.29 6 Fig.30 4 0.8 With pins 34 and 37 shorted. With 5 V applied to pin 24. 3 0.6 5 THD — % Vmute — V 2 0.4 4 3 2 75 Ω SG 75 Ω + 0.022 µF 1 36 10.7 MHz 0 92 94 96 37 98 102 –100 –80 –60 –40 –20 –120 With the resistor between pins 36 and 37 open. With a 10 kΩ resistor between pins 36 and 37. 0 20 –0.2 –0.4 40 60 80 ∆f — kHz 100 120 ∆f=0→ 10.7 MHz –0.6 Voltage between pins 37 and 34 LA1888M 100 THD 1 kHz 75 kHz dev 1 0.2 –0.8 (referenced to the pin 37 voltage) 104 106 QD input level — dBµ No. 6655-36/54 LA1787M R36-37 Detector output Pin 36 AC level MPX OUT Vo QDIN Open 330 mVrms 235 mVrms 10 kΩ 280 mVrms 200 mVrms • Band Muting Adjustment Procedure The muting bandwidth can be modified as shown in figure 31 with the resistor RBW between pin 34 and 37. Bandwidth such that the pin 33 voltage ≥ 2 V — kHz RBW — Muting Bandwidth Fig.31 280 RBW + 240 + 1 µF 0.47 µF SA208 Sumida 200 10 kΩ 37 160 36 35 34 ANT IN 98 MHz 100 dBµ 120 80 40 0 1.0 3 2 5 7 2 10 3 5 7 100 2 Resistor RBW between pins 34 and 37 — kΩ 3. AM • AM AGC system The LA1787M RF AGC circuit takes its input from three sources: the WIDE AGC pin (pin 46), the MIDDLE AGC pin (pin 49) and NARROW AGC. There is also an IF AGC circuit. RW 1st MIX 10.7MHz CF 62 RF 2nd MIX 450kHz CF 49 IF Amp. DET 52 31 VCC 42 1st OSC X'tal 240 kΩ VCC Amp. 46 IF AGC 44 2.2 µF Middle AGC IN Narrow AGC IN Wide AGC IN ANT damping RF AGC 57 + 47 µF 48 + 3.3 µF Fig. 32 A11762 No. 6655-37/54 LA1787M AM AGC f characteristics Wide AGC Operates for wide band interference Wide AGC Operates for wide band interference AGC on level 90 Middle AGC Operates for interference within ±70 kHz of the received frequency. 80 70 Middle AGC Operates for interference within ±70 kHz of the received frequency. Narrow AGC Operates at the received frequency. 60 1000 900 800 Fig.33 100 1100 1200 Frequency — Hz Wide Band AGC Circuit Fig.34 30 Ω 110 50 Ω –6dB 50 Ω SG Received frequency: 1 MHz 0.022 µF 46 0.022 µF 100 510 Ω ANTD 0.022 µF 90 80 70 1.0 2 3 5 7 10 2 3 5 Pin 46 input — MHz The wide band AGC circuit in this IC has the frequency characteristics shown above. The pin 46 input frequency characteristics are identical to those of the RF amplifier gate. This AGC circuit serves to prevent distortion at the FET input when a strong signal is applied to the antenna circuit. The level at which the AGC circuit turns on can be adjusted to an arbitrary level with the wide band AGC adjustment resistor. A delayed AGC on level can be handled by reducing the value of the adjustment resistor. Wide band AGC adjustment resistor 0.022 µF VCC 30 Ω 620 Ω 1MH 100 µH FC18 57 15 pF 15 pF + 47 µF 100 kΩ 0.022 µF 100 µH 30MH Antenna damping on input level — dBµ 120 62 Fig. 35 A12084 No. 6655-38/54 LA1787M • Notes on AM SD (pin 26) and the SD adjustment pin SD and the IF buffer are operated by comparing the S-meter level (V24) and the 5 V reference voltage as shown in figure 36. S-meter AM IF Comparator VCC + – IF buff amp. 50 pF 50 µA 55 24 23 26 100 kΩ 100 kΩ 0.47 µF 0.022 µF 51 kΩ IF buffer 5V SD Seek 5V Fig. 36 A12085 Figure 37 shows the relationship between the AM SD, the IF count buffer, and the S-meter. V24PIN Larger values of R55 S-meter V55 V26 Smaller values of R55 SD on V23AC OFF IF buffer on V23DC 5V Pin 55: AM SD adjustment pin 0V A11760 Fig. 37 No. 6655-39/54 LA1787M • AM high band cut and detector output level adjustment methods The pin 31 AM and FM tuner output has an impedance of 10 kΩ in AM mode and a few tens of Ohms in FM mode. Therefore, R31 is used to lower the AM detector output level and C31 determines the AM high band frequency characteristics. VCC FM detector 31 R31 C31 VCC + AM detector 10 kΩ Noise canceler input 30 50 kΩ A12086 Fig. 39 • AM stereo system pins To the AM stereo decoder VCC GND 400 mV rms 450 kHz output IFT 45 39 VCC 50 pF 150 Ω Keyed AGC IF AMP. Fig. 40 A11761 No. 6655-40/54 LA1787M • AM low band cut adjustment method The AM low band frequency characteristics can be adjusted with C42, which is inserted between pin 42 and VCC. Since the detector is designed with VCC as the reference, C42 must be connected to VCC. Detector Output — Frequency Fig.42 10 0.022 µF (41pin) With no used (31pin) VCC 0 42 50 kΩ 10 kΩ + AM detector 10 kΩ – 50 kΩ To pin 31 10 kΩ A12087 Detector output — dB C42 0.022 µF (41pin) With no used (31pin) –10 –20 0.043 µF (41pin) % with no used (31pin) 0.022 µF (41pin) 8200 pF (31pin) –30 Fig. 41 fr = 1000 kHz fm = 1 kHz, 30% –40 0.001 2 3 5 70.01 2 3 5 7 0.1 2 3 5 7 1.0 2 3 5 7 10 Frequency — Hz 4. Noise Canceler Block • The noise canceler input (pin 30) has an input impedance of about 50 kΩ. Check the low band frequency characteristics carefully when determining the value of the coupling capacitor used. Note that fC will be about 3 Hz when a 1 µF capacitor is used in the application. • Pins 8 and 9 are used to set the noise detector sensitivity and the noise AGC. It is advisable to first set the noise sensitivity for a medium field (an antenna input of about 50 dBµ) with pin 8 (the noise sensitivity setting pin), and then set the AGC level for a weak field (20 to 30 dBµ) with pin 9 (the AGC adjustment pin). If the noise sensitivity is increased, the AGC will become more effective but, inversely, the weak field sensitivity will be reduced. Noise canceler 10 kHz overmodulation malfunction may be a problem. In particular, when an overmodulated signal is input, the noise canceler may, in rare cases, malfunction. This is due to the fact that the IF detector output has a waveform of the type shown in figure 43 due to the bands of the IF ceramic filters as shown below. (Here, the antenna input is 60 dBµ, the ceramic filters are 150 kHz × 1 and 180 kHz × 2, f = 10 kHz, 180 kHz dev.) The noise canceler reacts to the spikes (whiskers) generated due to this overmodulation, which results in distortion to the audio output. (The spike components due to overmodulation occur due to the bands of the ceramic filters in the tuner.) The following describes a method for resolving this problem. This incorrect operation due to overmodulation is prevented by removing the spike components due to this overmodulation with a low-pass filter consisting of a 1 kΩ resistor and a 2200 pF capacitor shown in figure 44. However, note that the FM separation characteristics in the high band and the AM frequency characteristics will change. IF audio output f = 10 kHz,180 kHz dev IF output 1 kΩ Noise canceler input + H1 W1 2.5OU 31 2200 pF – 30 1 µF A12089 Fig. 44 –2.5OU –19.00 µs 981.00 µs Fig. 43 A12088 No. 6655-41/54 LA1787M 5. Multiplexer Block • HCC (high cut control) frequency characteristics (pin 41) When the HCC function operates, the frequency characteristics of the output signal are determined by the capacitance of the external capacitor connected to pin 41. 20 kΩ To the matrix VO (dB) 41 C A12090 Fig. 45 1 2πC × 20 kΩ 1 fC = ——————— [Hz] 2π × C × 20 kΩ Frequency Characteristics Fig. 46 f (Hz) A12091 Fig.47 10 Changes in the pin 41 capacitor capacitance (for a 100% high cut ratio) 0.001 µF 0µ F –10 0.0022 µF –20 0.0047 µF –30 F 1µ 0.0 Attenuation, HCC — dB 0 –40 –50 –60 3 VCC = 8.0 V f = 98 MHz 100%mod 80 dBµ IN 5 7 100 2 3 5 7 1k 2 3 5 7 10k 2 3 Frequency, f — Hz • Pilot canceler adjustment (pins 17 and 18) Noise 30 canceler input – To the multiplexer Fig. 48 Gate Pilot cancel 11 12 17 18 6800 pF 3.9 kΩ 0.01 µF 50 kΩ A12092 The pilot canceler signal waveform (pin 19) is a 19 kHz signal that contains no third harmonic as shown in figure 48. Since this signal has the same phase as the pilot signal, no capacitor is required between pin 18 and ground. Since it has no third harmonic component, excellent pilot cancellation can be acquired in both the left and right channels by adjusting with a variable resistor. No. 6655-42/54 LA1787M • Separation adjustment (pin 19) 5 kΩ To the subdecoder Larger 19 A12094 20 kΩ 0.047 µF C Fig. 49 A12093 The separation is adjusted by modifying the input level to the subdecoder with the variable resistor connected to pin 19. Since only the sub-modulation level is changed by changing the variable resistor setting, the monaural (main) output level is not changed. Furthermore, degradation of high band separation in the decoder can be avoided if the impedance of the external capacitor (C) in the subchannel frequency band (23 to 53 kHz) is made sufficiently smaller than the variable resistor. 6. MRC Circuit VCC 2 µA S-meter 100 Ω FM S-meter DC buffer MRC 30 kΩ 6.4 kΩ 10 kΩ 3.6 kΩ 24 + QMRC 75 pF 1 kΩ 32 Noise amplifier High-pass filter with Fc = 70 kHz + amplifier An external transistor equivalent to the 2SC536 is required Reason: A QMRC level shifter is required to allow a simplified MRC circuit to be used in the LA1787M. 27 + C27 VCC To the SNC, pin 28 A11768 Fig. 50 No. 6655-43/54 LA1787M (1) When there is no AC noise on pin 32 V24 = V27–VBE ↑ QMRC V27 is about 2.5 V when the antenna input is 60 dB or higher. (2) Since the MRC noise amplifier gain is fixed, the MRC circuit is adjusted by reducing the AC input level. 32 + Fig. 51 A11769 (3) The MRC attack and release are determined by C27 on pin 27. Attack: 7 µA · C27 → 2 µA · C27 Release: 500 Ω · C27 → 100 Ω Notes on the Noise Canceler The noise canceler characteristics have been improved by implementing the circuit that determines the gate time in logic. Since the time constant in earlier noise cancelers was determined by an RC circuit such as that shown in figure 52, the rise time shown in figure 53 was influenced by the values of the resistor and capacitor used. As a result the noise exclusion efficiency was reduced by this delay in the rise time. In the LA1787M, this rise time was shortened by implementing the circuit that determines the gate time in logic, allowing it to reliably exclude noise. A11772 A11771 Fig. 52 Fig. 53 No. 6655-44/54 LA1787M Gain Distribution (FM) This section investigates the gain in each block in the LA1787M when the Sanyo recommended circuits are used. (Test conditions) Ambient temperature: 26°C Antenna and mixer input frequency: 98.1 MHz First and second IF input frequency: 10.7 MHz The input levels when VSM = 2 V will be as follows. ANT IN: 19 dBµ MIX IN: 30 dBµ 1st IF IN: 42 dBµ 2nd IF IN: 60 dBµ When the gains for each block are determined according to the above, the results are as follows. RF GAIN: 11 dB MIX GAIN: 12 dB 1st IF GAIN: 18 dB 1st IF IN 56 pin FM MIX IN 64 pin RF ANT IN 2nd IF IN 51 pin 11 dB 12 dB 18 dB A11773 Fig. 54 No. 6655-45/54 LA1787M (AM) This section investigates the gain in each block in the LA1787M when the Sanyo recommended circuits are used. (Test conditions) Ambient temperature: 26°C Antenna and mixer input frequency: 1 MHz First and second mixer input frequency: 10.7 MHz Second IF input frequency: 450 kHz The gains at each stage will be as follows. RF Gain (ANT IN-pin62): 17 dB 1st MIX Gain (pin62-pin56): 8 dB 1st IF Gain (pin55-pin53): 15 dB AM 1st MIX 1st IF 2nd MIX 1st MIX Gain 1st IF Gain 2nd MIX Gain 2nd IF AM DET RF RF Gain 2nd IF Gain A11774 Fig. 55 No. 6655-46/54 LA1787M Input Circuits for Each Stage [FM] • Mixer input • First IF input 75 Ω 0.022 µF 75 Ω 63 300 Ω 0.022 µF 56 75 Ω 64 75 Ω VIN Actual measurement fr = 10.7 MHz A11776 A11775 • IF input 75 Ω 300 Ω 0.022 µF 51 330 Ω 75 Ω 50 0.022 µF fr = 10.7 MHz A11777 [AM] • First mixer input 50 Ω • Second mixer input 0.022 µF 62 50 Ω 50 Ω 0.022 µF 49 50 Ω fr = RF fr = 10.71 MHz (f2nd osc + 0.45 MHz) A11778 • IF input A11779 • Del input 50 Ω 0.022 µF 52 50 Ω 50 Ω IFT 0.022 µF 45 50 Ω fr = 450 kHz fr = 450 kHz A11780 A11781 No. 6655-47/54 LA1787M Sample AM tuner Circuit with the LC72144 Used Together IF 2nd MIX CF RF CF CF 450K 1st IF 300 Ω XBUFF LC72144 fosc A11782 AM 1st IF Step FM IF 1 fOSC 10.25 MHz 10.7 MHz 10 kHz, 11 kHz 10.7 MHz 2 fOSC 10.35 MHz 10.8 MHz 9 kHz, 10 kHz 10.8 MHz 1st MIX 10.71 MHz CF RF IF CF 10 kΩ CF AF 62 59 60 56 53 49 54 1st OSC 52 2nd OSC 31 10.26 MHz 10.7 MHz RF 63 64 60 59 NC MPX Lch Rch IF CF CF 56 53 Quadrature detector AF 51 A11783 No. 6655-48/54 LA1787M Crystal Oscillator Element Kinseki, Ltd. Frequency: 10.26 MHz CL: 20 pF Model No.: HC-49/U-S Coil Specifications Sumida Electronics, Ltd. [AM Block] AM FILTEER (SA-1051) AM OSC (SA-359) S 1 2 4 3 3 2 6 1 4 AM IF1 (SA-264) 3 AM IF2 (SA-1063) 4 2 1 6 1 S S S AM loading (SA-1062) 4 6 AM ANT IN (SA-1048) 4 3 2 1 4 3 S 2 3 6 2 6 1 S 6 S AM RF amplifier (RC875-222J) 0.1ø2UEW [FM Block] FM RF (SA-1060) FM ANT (SA-1061) S 3 4 2 2 1 4 3 6 1 6 S FM OSC (SA-1052) FM MIX (SA-266) S 3 4 3 C1 4 8 2 2 7 1 6 S FM DET (SA-208) S S 3 4 1 C2 6 S A136 2 1 6 No. 6655-49/54 LA1787M The Toko Electric Corporation [AM Block] AM FILTEER (A2861BIS-15327) 1 2 3 AM OSC (V666SNS-214BY) 3 4 2 6 4 1 AM IF1 (7PSGTC-5001A) 3 4 1 6 0.05ø3UEW 1 6 0.05ø3UEW AM ANT IN (385BNS-027Z) S 4 3 2 1 4 2 AM loading (269ANS-0720Z) 3 AM IF2 (7PSGTC-5002Y) 3 2 6 0.1ø2UEW 4 2 6 0.05ø3UEW 1 6 S AM RF amplifier (187LY-222) 0.1ø2UEW [FM Block] FM RF (V666SNS-208AQ) S 3 4 2 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 ø0.1–2UEW 6 S FM OSC (V666SNS-205APZ) 3 FM ANT (V666SNS-209BS) ø0.12–2UEW 6 S ø0.1–2UEW 1 6 S FM MIX (371DH-1108FYH) S 3 4 2 5 1 6 S ø0.07–2UEW FM DET (DM600DEAS-8407GLF) 3 4 2 1 6 0.07ø2MUEW No. 6655-50/54 LA1787M Coil Specifications Sagami Elec Co., Ltd. [AM Block] AM FILTEER (000021055) AM OSC (000021056) S 1 2 3 3 4 5.1µH 2 6 4 1 AM IF1 (000021057) 3 6 AM IF2 (000021059) 3 4 4 180pF 180pF 2 2 S 1 1 6 S 6 S AM loading (000021061) 3 4 3 4 100µH 30mH 2 1 AM ANT IN (000021062) 2 6 1 S 6 S AM RF amplifier (000021063) 2.2mH [FM Block] FM RF (000021064) FM ANT (000021065) S 3 3 4 105.5nH 2 2 1 4 1 6 6 S S FM OSC (000021066) FM MIX (000021067) S 3 4 62.7nH 2 1 6 3 4 2 5 1 S 1-2 : 100pF 2-3 : 100pF 6 S FM DET (010021075) S 3 4 S 1-3 : 20µH 3-4 : 120pF 2 1 6 No. 6655-51/54 First IF output — dBµ Mixer output — dBµ DCV — V Output, noise, AM output — dB Output, noise — dB Total harmonic distortion, THD — % HCC, SNC, RF AGC, muting voltage, S-meter voltage, VSM — V Output, noise, AM output, LR output — dB LA1787M Antenna input — dBµ Mixer input — dBµ Antenna input — dBµ Antenna input — dBµ Antenna input — dBµ Input — dBµ Input — dBµ First IF input — dBµ No. 6655-52/54 First IF output — dB First IF output — dB LA1787M Frequency, — MHz Antenna input — dBµ S/N, AM output — dB AGC on, separation, input level — dBµ Frequency, — MHz Ambient temperature, Ta — °C Ambient temperature, Ta — °C AM I/O Characteristics 20 Output, noise — dB Separation, Sep — dB 0 VCC = 8.5 V f = 1 MHz mod = 1 k 30% OUT –20 –40 NOISE –60 –80 –100 –20 0 40 20 Ambient temperature, Ta — °C 3.0 M VS 1.0 0 20 40 60 80 ANT input, IN — dBµ 100 140 120 140 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 z 30% IF AGC 0 –20 120 fm = 1 kH 4.0 6.0 z 80% 5.0 2.0 100 VCC = 8.5 V f = 1 MHz mod = 1 k 30% 80% fm = 1 kH AGC, S-meter voltage — V 6.0 Total harmonic distortion, THD — % 7.0 VCC = 8.5 V f = 1 MHz RF AGC 80 AM Distortion AM DC Characteristics 7.0 60 ANT input, IN — dBµ 1.0 0 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 ANT input, IN — dBµ No. 6655-53/54 LA1787M 100 dBμ desire mod ON 40 dB μ 60 dBμ 0 80 dBμ –20 –40 40 dBμ desire mod 60 dBμ OFF 80 μ dB μ 100 dB 50/3Ω –60 –80 40 50Ω fD=1MHz fm=1kHz 30% 60 80 30Ω 50Ω 50/3Ω VIN 65pF fu=1040kHz JIS ANT. DUMMY fm=400Hz 30% 100 120 140 ANT input, IN — dBμ Δ400kHz 100 dBμ desire mod ON 40 d Bμ 60 dBμ 80 dBμ –20 40 dBμ –40 15pF ANT IN 50/3Ω AM Second-Channel Interference Rejection Characteristics –60 –80 40 desire mod OFF 80 dB μ 10 0d Bμ Output, noise — dB 0 20 Δ40 kHz Output, noise — dB 20 AM Second-Channel Interference Rejection Characteristics 60 dBμ 50/3Ω fD = 1 MHz fm = 1 kHz 30% 60 50Ω 80 15pF ANT IN 50/3Ω 30Ω 50Ω 50/3Ω VIN 65pF fu = 1400 kHz fm = 400 Hz 30% JIS ANT. DUMMY 100 120 140 ANT input, IN — dBμ ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. PS No.6655-54/54