AP431i

AP431i
LOW CATHODE CUREENT ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR
Description
Pin Assignments
The AP431i is a 3-terminal adjustable shunt regulator with guaranteed
thermal stability over a full operation range. It features sharp turn-on
characteristics, low temperature coefficient and low output impedance, which makes it ideal substitute for Zener diode in applications
such as switching power supply, charger and other adjustable
regulators.
(Top View)
AP431i has the same electrical specifications as the industry standard
431 except that it features a low minimum cathode current for
regulation. The typical value of 50μA makes the parts ideal for very
low power dissipation applications.
(Top View)
ANODE
ANODE
3
3
1
2
1
2
REF
CATHODE
CATHODE
REF
SOT-23 (Package Code: N)
SOT-23 (Package Code: N1)
The output voltage of AP431i can be set to any value between VREF
(2.5V/2.495V) and the corresponding maximum cathode voltage
(36V).
(Top View)
(Top View)
The AP431i is offered in two grade initial voltage tolerance at +25C,
0.5% and 1%.
This IC is available in 3 packages: TO-92 (ammo packing), SOT-23
and SOT-89.
1
2
3
REF ANODE CATHODE
Features
SOT-89 (Option 1)

Low Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation: 50μA (Typ.),
100μA (Max.)



Programmable Precise Output Voltage from 2.5V/2.495V to 36V



Sink Current Capacity from 100µA to 100mA

Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)

Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)
1
2
3
REF ANODE CATHODE
SOT-89 (Option 2)
(Top View)
High Stability Under Capacitive Load
Low Deviation of Reference Voltage Over Full Temperature
Range: 11mV Typical (-40C to +125C)
Low Dynamic Impedance: 0.1Ω (Typ.)
Wide Operating Temperature Range: -40C to +125C
TO-92 (Ammo Packing)
Applications





Notes:
Charger
Voltage Adapter
Switching Power Supply
Graphic Card
Precision Voltage Reference
1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.
2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green"
and Lead-free.
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds.
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Typical Applications Circuit
AP431i
VOUT=(1+R1/R2) x VREF
Shunt Regulator
VOUT=(1+R2/R3) x VREF
AP431i
High Current Shunt Regulator
IOUT=VREF/R2+IKA
AP431i
Current Source or Current Limit
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Typical Applications Circuit (Cont.)
AP431i
Precision 5V 1A Regulator
AP431i
PWM Converter with Reference
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Functional Block Diagram
CATHODE
+
REF
-
VREF
ANODE
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4)
Symbol
VKA
Cathode Voltage
IKA
Cathode Current Range (Continuous)
IREF
Reference Input Current Range
PD
TJ
Note 4:
Parameter
Power Dissipation
Rating
Unit
40
V
-100 to 150
mA
10
mA
TO-92
750
SOT-89
750
SOT-23
350
+150
C
-65 to +150
C
5,500
V
300
V
Junction Temperature
TSTG
Storage Temperature Range
ESD
ESD (Human Body Model)
ESD
ESD (Machine Model)
mW
Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
VKA
Cathode Voltage
VREF
36
V
IKA
Cathode Current
0.1
100
mA
TA
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
-40
+125
C
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Electrical Characteristics (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)
Symbol
Parameter
Test
Circuit
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
VKA = VREF, IKA = 1mA (AP431iA)
2.487
2.500
2.512
VKA = VREF, IKA = 1mA (AP431iHA)
2.483
2.495
2.507
VKA = VREF, IKA = 1mA (AP431iB)
2.475
2.500
2.525
VKA = VREF, IKA = 1mA (AP431iHB)
2.470
2.495
2.520
0 to +70 C
–
3
6
-40 to +85oC
–
6
10
-40 to +125oC
–
11
18
VKA = 10V to VREF
–
-1.0
-2.7
VKA = 36V to 10V
–
-0.5
-2.0
Unit
0.5%
VREF
Reference
Voltage
4
V
1.0%
o
Deviation of Reference
Voltage Over Full
Temperature Range
4
Ratio of Change in
Reference Voltage to the
Change in Cathode
Voltage
5
IREF
Reference Current
5
IKA = 1mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = 
–
0.2
0.5
µA
IREF
Deviation of Reference
Current Over Full
Temperature Range
5
IKA = 1mA, R1 = 10kΩ
R2 =  TA = -40 to +125oC
–
0.1
0.3
µA
IKA (Min)
Minimum Cathode Current
for Regulation
4
VKA = VREF
–
50
100
µA
IKA (Off)
Off-state Cathode Current
6
VKA = 36V, VREF = 0
–
0.05
1.0
µA
Dynamic Impedance
4
VKA = VREF,
IKA = 1 to 100mA, f 1.0kHz
–
0.1
0.3
Ω
TO-92
–
80
–
SOT-89
–
80
–
SOT-23
–
140
–
VREF
VREF
VKA
ZKA
θJC
Thermal Resistance
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
–
VKA = VREF
IKA = 1mA
IKA = 1mA
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mV
mV/V
°C/W
May 2016
© Diodes Incorporated
AP431i
Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
AP431i
Test Circuit 4 for VKA = VREF
R3
VIN
VKA
IKA
R1
IREF
AP431i
AP431I
VKA=VREF(1+R1/R2)+ IREF*R1
R2
VREF
Test Circuit 5 for VKA > VREF
R1
VKA
VIN
IOFF
AP431I
AP431i
Test Circuit 6 for IOFF
AP431i
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AP431i
Performance Characteristics
Reference Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
Reference Current vs. Ambient Temperature
2.520
0.36
2.515
0.34
IKA=1mA
0.32
R1=10K, R2=Infinite
IKA=1mA
0.30
Reference Current (A)
Reference Voltage (V)
2.510
VKA=VREF
2.505
2.500
2.495
2.490
2.485
2.480
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
2.475
2.470
-50
0.12
-25
0
25
50
75
100
0.10
-50
125
-25
0
o
VKA=VREF
o
TA=-40 C
IKA(MIN)
50
0
-50
-100
o
TA=125 C
125
100
IKA(MIN)
75
50
25
-150
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0
0.0
3.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Cathode Voltage (V)
Cathode Voltage (V)
Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage
Ratio of Delta Reference Voltage to Delta
Cathode Voltage vs. Case Temperature
100
0.5
VKA=VREF
o
TA=25 C
40
0.4
VKA=3V to 36V
0.3
IKA=1mA
0.2
VREF/VKA(mV/V)
Cathode Current (mA)
o
TA=25 C
150
Cathode Current (A)
Cathode Current (A)
100
20
0
-20
-40
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-60
-0.3
-80
-0.4
-100
-2.0
125
VKA=VREF
175
o
60
100
200
TA=25 C
80
75
Minimal Cathode Current for Regulation
at Different Ambient Temperature
200
-200
-1.0
50
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Minimal Cathode Current for Regulation
150
25
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Cathode Voltage (V)
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
-0.5
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
o
Case Temperature ( C)
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AP431i
Performance Characteristics (Cont.)
Off-state Cathode Current vs. Ambient Temperature
0.30
VKA=36V
VREF=0V
Off-state Cathode Current (A)
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
-0.05
-0.10
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Small Signal Voltage Gain vs. Frequency
70
IKA=10mA
60
Small Signal Voltage Gain (dB)
o
TA=25 C
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
1k
10k
100k
1M
Frequency (Hz)
Stability Boundary Conditions
100
Cathode Current (mA)
80
VKA=VREF
VKA=5V
VKA=10V: No Oscillation
VKA=15V: No Oscillation
60
Stable
Stable
40
20
Unstable
0
1E-3
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Load Capacitance (F)
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Performance Characteristics (Cont.)
Pulse Response
Output
VIN
1V/div
220
Input Voltage
Output Voltage
Pulse
Generator
f=10KHz
50
VOUT
1V/div
GND
Time 10µs/div
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Ordering Information
AP431i XX XX XX - XX
Product Name
Package
Voltage Tolerance
Package
Packing
RoHS/Green
A :2.5V/ 0.5%
B : 2.5V/1.0%
HA : 2.495V/0.5%
HB : 2.495V/1.0%
N/N1 : SOT-23
R : SOT-89
Z : TO-92
TR: Tape & Reel
or Ammo
G1 : Green
Package
Code
Temperature
Range
Voltage
Tolerance
Part Number
Marking ID
N
0.5%
AP431iANTR-G1
GCA
N1
0.5%
AP431iAN1TR-G1
GCC
N
0.5%
AP431iHANTR-G1
GCD
0.5%
AP431iHAN1TR-G1
GCE
N
1.0%
AP431iBNTR-G1
GCB
N1
1.0%
AP431iBN1TR-G1
GCF
N
1.0%
AP431iHBNTR-G1
GCG
N1
1.0%
AP431iHBN1TR-G1
GCH
R
0.5%
AP431iARTR-G1
G33M
0.5%
AP431iHARTR-G1
G37M
R
1.0%
AP431iBRTR-G1
G33R
R
1.0%
AP431iHBRTR-G1
G33S
Z
0.5%
AP431iAZTR-G1
AP431iAZ-G1
0.5%
AP431iHAZTR-G1
AP431iHAZ-G1
Z
1.0%
AP431iBZTR-G1
AP431iBZ-G1
Z
1.0%
AP431iHBZTR-G1
AP431iHBZ-G1
N1
SOT-23
-40 to +125C
R
SOT-89
3,000/Tape & Reel
-40 to +125C
Z
TO-92
1,000/Tape & Reel
-40 to +125C
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
Packing
2,000/Ammo
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AP431i
Marking Information
(1)
TO-92 (Ammo Packing)
(Front View)
XXXXX
XXX-XX
YWWAXX
(2)
XXXXX
XXXX-XX
YWWAXX
First and Second Lines: Logo and Marking ID
(See Ordering Information)
Third Line: Date Code
Y: Year
WW: Work Week of Molding
A: Assembly House Code
XX: Internal Code
SOT-23
(Top View)
3
: Logo
XXX: Marking ID (See Ordering Information)
XXX
1
(3)
2
SOT-89
(Top View)
XXXX
YWWAXX
1
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
2
3
First Line: Logo and Marking ID
(See Ordering Information)
Second Line: Date Code
Y: Year
WW: Work Week of Molding
A: Assembly House Code
XX: Internal Code
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AP431i
Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm (inch).)
(1)
Package Type: TO-92 (Ammo Packing)
1. 100(0. 043)
1.270(0. 050)
Typ
3. 430(0.135)
MIN
3.800(0.150)
2.500(0. 098)
4.000 (0.157 )
0.000(0.000)
0.380(0.015)
Φ1. 600(0. 063)
MAX
14.500(0.571)
0. 320(0. 013)
0. 510(0. 020)
12.500(0.492)
3.300(0.130)
1. 400(0. 055)
4.700(0.185)
4.300(0.169)
4.400(0. 173)
4.800 (0.189 )
13.000(0. 512)
15.000 (0.591 )
0.380(0.015)
0.550(0.022 )
2.540(0.100)
Typ
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) ( All dimensions in mm(inch).)
(2)
Package Type: SOT-23
3.0 °
7.0°
0.500(0.020)
0.700(0.028)
2.0°
1.050(0.041)REF
0.0°~10.0°
0.010(0.0004)
0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008)MIN
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
7.0°
0.080(0.003)
0.180(0.007)
0.550(0.022)REF
1.200(0.047)
1.400(0.055)
2.300(0.091)
2.500(0.098)
AP431i
R0.100(0.004)
0.900(0.035)
1.100(0.043)
2.800(0.110)
3.000(0.118)
0.890(0.035)
1.030(0.041)
0.100(0.004) GAUGE PLANE
4×R0.100(0.004)
0.300(0.012)
0.510(0.020)
1.900(0.075)REF
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AP431i
Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) (All dimensions in mm(inch).)
(3)
Package Type: SOT-89
1.400(0.055)
1.600(0.063)
4.400(0.173)
4.600(0.181)
Option 1
2.300(0.091)
2.600(0.102)
3.950(0.156)
4.250(0.167)
2.060(0.081)REF
3
0.900(0.035)
1.200(0.047)
0.350(0.014)
0.450(0.018)
0.320(0.013)
0.540(0.021)
0.480(0.019)
0.620(0.024)
0.320(0.013)
0.540(0.021)
3.000(0.118)
TYP
10
3
R0.150(0.006)
10
Option 1
Option 2
1.550(0.061)REF
1.030(0.041)REF
R 0.200(0.008)
0.320(0.013)REF
45
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
2.630(0.104)
2.930(0.115)
1.620(0.064)REF
2.210(0.087)REF
1.500(0.059)
1.620(0.064)
1.800(0.071)
1.830(0.072)
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AP431i
Suggested Pad Layout
(1)
Package Type: SOT-23
Grid placement courtyard
Y
Z
G
Y
X
E
Dimensions
Z
(mm)/(inch)
G
(mm)/(inch)
X
(mm)/(inch)
Y
(mm)/(inch)
E
(mm)/(inch)
Value
2.900/0.114
1.100/0.043
0.800/0.031
0.900/0.035
0.950/0.037
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
Suggested Pad Layout (Cont.)
(2)
Package Type: SOT-89
X1
Z
X2
Y1
Y
E
X
Dimensions
Z
(mm)/(inch)
X
(mm)/(inch)
X1
(mm)/(inch)
X2
(mm)/(inch)
Y
(mm)/(inch)
Y1
(mm)/(inch)
E
(mm)/(inch)
Value
4.600/0.181
0.550/0.022
1.850/0.073
0.800/0.031
1.300/0.051
1.475/0.058
1.500/0.059
AP431i
Document number: DS37535 Rev. 5 - 2
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AP431i
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DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
(AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes
without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or
trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall assume
all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated
website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel.
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and
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indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application.
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This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document is the
final and determinative format released by Diodes Incorporated.
LIFE SUPPORT
Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express
written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:
1. are intended to implant into the body, or
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and
acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any
use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related
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representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.
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AP431i
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