A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Pin Assignments Description The ZXLD1350 is a hysteretic mode inductive step-down converter with integrated switch and high side current sense. VIN LX It operates from an input supply from 7V to 30V driving single or multiple series connected LEDs efficiently external adjustable output current up to 350mA. GND ADJ The ZXLD1350 has been qualified to AECQ100 grade 2 allowing it to operate at ambient temperatures from -40 to 105°C. ISENSE TSOT23-5 Top View The output current can be adjusted by applying a DC voltage or a PWM waveform. 100:1 adjustment of output current is possible using PWM control. Applying a voltage of 0.2V or lower to the ADJ pin turns the output off and switches the device into a low current standby state. Features • • • • • • • • • • • Typical Application Circuit Simple low parts count Internal 30V NDMOS switch Internal PWM filter High efficiency (up to 95% (Note 1) Wide input voltage range: 7V to 30V 40V transient capability Up to 1MHz switching frequency Typical 4% output current accuracy Qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 2 Available in “Green” Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 2) VIN 7~30V RS L1 0.33Ω 47µH VIN C1 1µF ADJ LX SET ZXLD1350 GND GND Notes: 1. 2. Using standard external components as specified under electrical characteristics. Efficiency is dependent upon the number of LEDs driven and on external component types and values. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. Please visit our website at: http://www.diodes.com/products/lead_free.html ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 1 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Block Diagram RS VIN L1 D1 ISENSE VIN VIN LX R1 Current sense circuit Voltage regulator 5V + Shutdown circuit C1 Comparator + ADJ 200k Vref 1.25V 4KHz MN R2 R3 GND Figure 1. Block diagram – Pin Connection Pin Description Name Pin No. LX GND 1 2 ADJ 3 ISENSE 4 VIN 5 Description Drain of NDMOS switch Ground (0V) Multi-function On/Off and brightness control pin: • Leave floating for normal operation.(VADJ= VREF =1.25V giving nominal average output current IOUTnom=0.1/RS) • Drive to voltage below 0.2V to turn off output current • Drive with DC voltage (0.3V<VADJ<2.5V) to adjust output current from 25% to 200%(†) of IOUTnom • Drive with PWM signal from open-collector or open-drain transistor, to adjust output current. Adjustment range 25% to 100% of IOUTnom for f>10kHz and 1% to 100% of IOUTnom for f<500Hz • Connect a capacitor from this pin to ground to increase soft-start time. (Default soft-start time=0.5ms. Additional soft-start time is approx.0.5ms/nF) Connect resistor RS from this to VIN to define nominal average output current IOUTnom=0.1/RS (Note: RSMIN=0.27V with ADJ pin open circuit) Input voltage (7V to 30V). Decouple to ground with 1µF of higher X7R ceramic capacitor close to device ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 2 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Voltages to GND Unless Otherwise Stated) Symbol Parameter VIN Rating Unit -0.3 to +30 (40V for 0.5 sec) V +0.3 to -5 (measured with respect to VIN) V -0.3 to +30 (40V for 0.5 sec) V -0.3 to +6 V Switch Output Current 500 mA Power Dissipation (Refer to Package thermal de-rating curve on page 19) 450 mW Input Voltage VSENSE ISENSE Voltage VLX LX Output Voltage VADJ Adjust Pin Input Voltage ILX PTOT TST Storage Temperature -55 to 150 °C TJ MAX Junction Temperature 150 °C These are stress ratings only. Operation above the absolute maximum rating may cause device failure. Operation at the absolute maximum ratings, for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. Thermal Resistance Symbol Parameter Rating Unit θJA Junction to Ambient 200 °C/W Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VIN Parameter Min Input voltage Typ. 7 Max Units 30 V tOFFMIN Minimum switch off-time 800 ns tONMIN Minimum switch on-time 800 ns DLX Duty cycle range 0.01 0.99 TA Ambient operating temperature range -40 +105 ILX_CONT Average/RMS LX switch current fLXmax TPD Recommended maximum operating frequency Internal comparator propagation delay ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 50 3 of 22 www.diodes.com °C 0.37 A 1 MHz ns March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Electrical Characteristics Symbol (Test conditions: VIN = 12V, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 3) Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit VSU Internal regulator start-up threshold VIN rising 4.8 IINQoff Quiescent supply current with output off ADJ pin grounded 15 20 µA IINQon Quiescent supply current with output switching ADJ pin floating f = 250kHz 250 500 µA VSENSE Mean current sense threshold voltage (Defines LED current setting accuracy) 100 105 mV Measured on ISENSE pin with respect to VIN 95 V VADJ = 1.25V VSENSEHYS Sense threshold hysteresis ISENSE ISENSE pin input current VSENSE = VIN -0.1 VREF Internal reference voltage Measured on ADJ pin with pin floating DVREF/DT Temperature coefficient of VREF VADJ External control voltage range on ADJ pin for DC brightness control (Note 4) VADJoff DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch device from active (on) state to quiescent (off) state VADJ falling 0.15 VADJon DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch device from quiescent (off) state to active (on) state VADJ rising 0.2 RADJ Resistance between ADJ pin and VREF ILXmean Continuous LX switch current RLX LX switch ‘On’ resistance ILX(leak) LX switch leakage current DPWM(LF) Duty cycle range of PWM signal applied to ADJ PWM frequency <500Hz pin during low frequency PWM dimming mode PWM amplitude = VREF Brightness control range Measured on ADJ pin DPWM(HF) Duty cycle range of PWM signal applied to ADJ PWM frequency <10kHz pin during high frequency PWM dimming mode PWM amplitude = VREF Brightness control range Measured on ADJ pin ±15 1.21 % 1.25 10 µA 1.25 1.29 V ppm/° C 50 0.3 2.5 V 0.2 0.25 V 0.25 0.3 V 250 kΩ 135 1.5 0.01 0.37 A 2 Ω 1 µA 1 100:1 0.16 1 5:1 ADJ pin floating fLX Operating frequency L = 100H (0.82V) (See graphs for more details) IOUT = 350ma @ VLED = 3.4V Start up time (See graphs for more details) Time taken for output current to reach 90% of final value after voltage on ADJ pin has risen above 0.3V. 250 kHz 500 µs Driving 1 LED tSS Notes: 3. Production testing of the device is performed at 25°C. Functional operation of the device and parameters specified over a -40°C to +105°C temperature range, are guaranteed by design, characterization and process control. 4. 100% brightness corresponds to VADJ = VADJ(nom) = VREF. Driving the ADJ pin above VREF will increase the VSENSE threshold and output current proportionally. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 4 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Device Description The device, in conjunction with the coil (L1) and current sense resistor (RS), forms a self-oscillating continuous-mode buck converter. Device operation (Refer to block diagram and Figure 1 - Operating waveforms) Operation can be best understood by assuming that the ADJ pin of the device is unconnected and the voltage on this pin (VADJ) appears directly at the (+) input of the comparator. When input voltage VIN is first applied, the initial current in L1 and RS is zero and there is no output from the current sense circuit. Under this condition, the (-) input to the comparator is at ground and its output is high. This turns MN on and switches the LX pin low, causing current to flow from VIN to ground, via RS, L1 and the LED(s). The current rises at a rate determined by VIN and L1 to produce a voltage ramp (VSENSE) across RS. The supply referred voltage VSENSE is forced across internal resistor R1 by the current sense circuit and produces a proportional current in internal resistors R2 and R3. This produces a ground referred rising voltage at the (-) input of the comparator. When this reaches the threshold voltage (VADJ), the comparator output switches low and MN turns off. The comparator output also drives another NMOS switch, which bypasses internal resistor R3 to provide a controlled amount of hysteresis. The hysteresis is set by R3 to be nominally 15% of VADJ. When MN is off, the current in L1 continues to flow via D1 and the LED(s) back to VIN. The current decays at a rate determined by the LED and diode forward voltages to produce a falling voltage at the input of the comparator. When this voltage returns to VADJ, the comparator output switches high again. This cycle of events repeats, with the comparator input ramping between limits of VADJ ± 15%. Switching thresholds With VADJ =VREF, the ratios of R1, R2 and R3, define an average VSENSE switching threshold of 100mV (measured on the ISENSE pin with respect to VIN). The average output current IOUTnom is then defined by this voltage and Rs according to: IOUTnom=100mV/RS Nominal ripple current is ±15mV/RS Adjusting output current The device contains a low pass filter between the ADJ pin and the threshold comparator and an internal current limiting resistor (200k nom) between ADJ and the internal reference voltage. This allows the ADJ pin to be overdriven with either DC or pulse signals to change the VSENSE switching threshold and adjust the output current. The filter is third order, comprising three sections, each with a cut-off frequency of nominally 4kHz. Details of the different modes of adjusting output current are given in the applications section. Output shutdown The output of the low pass filter drives the shutdown circuit. When the input voltage to this circuit falls below the threshold (0.2V nom), the internal regulator and the output switch are turned off. The voltage reference remains powered during shutdown to provide the bias current for the shutdown circuit. Quiescent supply current during shutdown is nominally 15mA and switch leakage is below 1mA. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 5 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Device Description (Continued) Figure 1. Theoretical Operating Waveforms ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 6 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Device Description (Continued) Typical Operating Waveforms [VIN = 12V, RS = 0.3V, L = 100 μH] Normal operation. Output current (Ch3) and LX voltage (Ch1) Start-up waveforms. Output current (Ch3), LX voltage (Ch1) and VADJ (Ch2) ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 7 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Typical Operating Conditions ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 8 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Typical Characteristics (Continued) ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 9 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Typical Characteristics (Continued) ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 10 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Typical Characteristics (Continued) ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 11 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information Setting nominal average output current with external resistor RS The nominal average output current in the LED(s) is determined by the value of the external current sense resistor (RS) connected between VIN and ISENSE and is given by: IOUTnom = 0.1/RS [for RS > 0.27Ω] The table below gives values of nominal average output current for several preferred values of current setting resistor (RS) in the typical application circuit shown on page 1: RS(Ω) 0.27 0.30 0.33 0.39 Nominal average output current (mA) 370 333 300 256 The above values assume that the ADJ pin is floating and at a nominal voltage of VREF (=1.25V). Note that RS = 0.27V is the minimum allowed value of sense resistor under these conditions to maintain switch current below the specified maximum value. It is possible to use different values of RS if the ADJ pin is driven from an external voltage. (See next section). Output current adjustment by external DC control voltage The ADJ pin can be driven by an external dc voltage (VADJ), as shown, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value defined by RS. + ZXLD1350 ADJ GND DC GND The nominal average output current in this case is given by: IOUTdc = 0.08*VADJ /RS for 0.3 < VADJ < 2.5V Note that 100% brightness setting corresponds to VADJ = VREF. When driving the ADJ pin above 1.25V, RS must be increased in proportion to prevent IOUTdc exceeding 370mA maximum. The input impedance of the ADJ pin is 200kΩ ±25%. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 12 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Output Current Adjustment by PWM Control Directly driving ADJ input A Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal with duty cycle DPWM can be applied to the ADJ pin, as shown below, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value set by resistor RS: PWM VADJ ADJ ZXLD1350 GND 0V GND Driving the ADJ input via open collector transistor The recommended method of driving the ADJ pin and controlling the amplitude of the PWM waveform is to use a small NPN switching transistor as shown below: ADJ PWM ZXLD1350 GND GND This scheme uses the 200k resistor between the ADJ pin and the internal voltage reference as a pull-up resistor for the external transistor. Driving the ADJ input from a microcontroller Another possibility is to drive the device from the open drain output of a microcontroller. The diagram below shows one method of doing this: MCU 10k ADJ ZXLD1350 GND The diode and resistor suppress possible high amplitude negative spikes on the ADJ input resulting from the drain-source capacitance of the FET. Negative spikes at the input to the device should be avoided as they may cause errors in output current, or erratic device operation. PWM dimming can be further split into high frequency and low frequency PWM dimming and how the device responds to these. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 13 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Low frequency PWM mode When the ADJ pin is driven with a low frequency PWM signal (eg 100Hz), with a high level voltage VADJ and a low level of zero, the output of the internal low pass filter will swing between 0V and VADJ, causing the input to the shutdown circuit to fall below its turn-off threshold (200mV nom) when the ADJ pin is low. This will cause the output current to be switched on and off at the PWM frequency, resulting in an average output current IOUTavg proportional to the PWM duty cycle. (See Figure 2 - Low frequency PWM operating waveforms). Figure 2. Low frequency PWM operating waveforms The average value of output current in this mode is given by: IOUTavg 0.1DPWM/RS for DPWM >0 01 This mode is preferable if optimum LED 'whiteness' is required. It will also provide the widest possible dimming range (approx. 100:1) and higher efficiency at the expense of greater output ripple. Note that the low pass filter introduces a small error in the output duty cycle due to the difference between the start-up and shut-down times. This time difference is a result of the 200mV shutdown threshold and the rise and fall times at the output of the filter. To minimize this error, the PWM duty cycle should be as low as possible consistent with avoiding flicker in the LED. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 14 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) High frequency PWM mode At PWM frequencies above 10kHz and for duty cycles above 0.16, the output of the internal low pass filter will contain a DC component that is always above the shutdown threshold. This will maintain continuous device operation and the nominal average output current will be proportional to the average voltage at the output of the filter, which is directly proportional to the duty cycle. (See Figure 3 – High frequency PWM operating waveforms). For best results, the PWM frequency should be maintained above the minimum specified value of 10kHz, in order to minimize ripple at the output of the filter. The shutdown comparator has approximately 50mV of hysteresis, to minimize erratic switching due to this ripple. An upper PWM frequency limit of approximately one tenth of the operating frequency is recommended, to avoid excessive output modulation and to avoid injecting excessive noise into the internal reference. Figure 3. High Frequency PWM operating waveforms The nominal average value of output current in this mode is given by: IOUTnom »0.1DPWM/RS for DPWM >0.16 This mode will give minimum output ripple and reduced radiated emission, but with a reduced dimming range (approx.5:1). The restricted dimming range is a result of the device being turned off when the DC component on the filter output falls below 200mV. Shutdown mode Taking the ADJ pin to a voltage below 0.2V for more than approximately 100μs, will turn off the output and supply current will fall to a low standby level of 15μA nominal. Note that the ADJ pin is not a logic input. Taking the ADJ pin to a voltage above VREF will increase output current above the 100% nominal average value. (See graphs for details). ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 15 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Soft-start The device has inbuilt soft-start action due to the delay through the PWM filter. An external capacitor from the ADJ pin to ground will provide additional soft-start delay, by increasing the time taken for the voltage on this pin to rise to the turn-on threshold and by slowing down the rate of rise of the control voltage at the input of the comparator. With no external capacitor, the time taken for the output to reach 90% of its final value is approximately 500μs. Adding capacitance increases this delay by approximately 0.5ms/nF. The graph below shows the variation of soft-start time for different values of capacitor. Inherent open-circuit LED protection If the connection to the LED(s) is open-circuited, the coil is isolated from the LX pin of the chip, so the device will not be damaged, unlike in many boost converters, where the back EMF may damage the internal switch by forcing the drain above its breakdown voltage. Capacitor selection A low ESR capacitor should be used for input decoupling, as the ESR of this capacitor appears in series with the supply source impedance and lowers overall efficiency. This capacitor has to supply the relatively high peak current to the coil and smooth the current ripple on the input supply. A minimum value of 1μF is acceptable if the input source is close to the device, but higher values will improve performance at lower input voltages, especially when the source impedance is high. The input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the IC. For maximum stability over temperature and voltage, capacitors with X7R, X5R, or better dielectric are recommended. Capacitors with Y5V dielectric are not suitable for decoupling in this application and should NOT be used. A table of recommended manufacturers is provided below: Manufacturer Website Murata www.murata.com Taiyo Yuden www.t-yuden.com Kemet www.kemet.com AVX www.avxcorp.com ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 16 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Inductor Selection Recommended inductor values for the ZXLD1350 are in the range 47µH to 220µH. Higher values of inductance are recommended at higher supply voltages in order to minimize errors due to switching delays, which result in increased ripple and lower efficiency. Higher values of inductance also result in a smaller change in output current over the supply voltage range. (See graphs). The inductor should be mounted as close to the device as possible with low resistance connections to the LX and VIN pins. The chosen coil should have a saturation current higher than the peak output current and a continuous current rating above the required mean output current. Suitable coils for use with the ZXLD1350 are listed in the table below: Part No. DO1608C MSS6132ML CD104-MC NP04SB470M L (µH) 47 47 68 100 220 47 DCR (V) 0.64 0.38 0.58 0.82 0.55 0.27 ISAT (A) 0.5 0.56 0.47 0.39 0.53 0.38 Manufacturer CoilCraft Sumida Taiyo Yuden The inductor value should be chosen to maintain operating duty cycle and switch 'on'/'off' times within the specified limits over the supply voltage and load current range. The following equations can be used as a guide, with reference to Figure 1 - Operating waveforms. LX Switch 'On' time t ON = LΔI VIN − VLED − Iavg × (R S + rL + RLX ) Note: tONnmin > 200ns LX Switch 'Off' time t OFF = LΔI VLED + VD + Iavg × (R S + rL ) Note: tOFFmin > 200ns Where: L is the coil inductance (H) rL is the coil resistance (Ω) Iavg is the required LED current (A) ΔI is the coil peak-peak ripple current (A) {Internally set to 0.3 x Iavg} VIN is the supply voltage (V) VLED is the total LED forward voltage (V) RLX is the switch resistance (Ω) VD is the rectifier diode forward voltage at the required load current (V) ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 17 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Example: For VIN =12V, L=47µH, rL=0.64V, VLED=3.4V, Iavg =350mA and VD =0.36V tON = (47e-6 x 0.105)/(12 - 3.4 - 0.672) = 0.622µs tOFF = (47e-6 x 0.105)/(3.4 + 0.36 + 0.322)= 1.21µs This gives an operating frequency of 546kHz and a duty cycle of 0.34. These and other equations are available as a spreadsheet calculator from the Diodes website. Note that in practice, the duty cycle and operating frequency will deviate from the calculated values due to dynamic switching delays, switch rise/fall times and losses in the external components. Optimum performance will be achieved by setting the duty cycle close to 0.5 at the nominal supply voltage. This helps to equalize the undershoot and overshoot and improves temperature stability of the output current. Diode Selection For maximum efficiency and performance, the rectifier (D1) should be a fast low capacitance Schottky diode with low reverse leakage at the maximum operating voltage and temperature. The recommended diode for use with this part is the ZLLS1000. This has approximately ten times lower leakage than standard Schottky diodes, which are unsuitable for use above 85°C. It also provides better efficiency than silicon diodes, due to a combination of lower forward voltage and reduced recovery time. The table below gives the typical characteristics for the ZLLS1000: Diode Forward Voltage @ 100mA (mV) ZLLS1000 310 Continuous Current (mA) 1000 Reverse Leakage @ 30V 85°C (mA) 300 Package TSOT23 If alternative diodes are used, it is important to select parts with a peak current rating above the peak coil current and a continuous current rating higher than the maximum output load current. It is very important to consider the reverse leakage of the diode when operating above 85°C. Excess leakage will increase the power dissipation in the device. The higher forward voltage and overshoot due to reverse recovery time in silicon diodes will increase the peak voltage on the LX output. If a silicon diode is used, care should be taken to ensure that the total voltage appearing on the LX pin including supply ripple, does not exceed the specified maximum value. Reducing Output Ripple Peak to peak ripple current in the LED(s) can be reduced, if required, by shunting a capacitor Cled across the LED(s) as shown below: RS VIN LED Cled L1 D1 VIN ISENSE LX ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 18 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) A value of 1μF will reduce nominal ripple current by a factor three (approx.). Proportionally lower ripple can be achieved with higher capacitor values. Note that the capacitor will not affect operating frequency or efficiency, but it will increase start-up delay, by reducing the rate of rise of LED voltage. Operation at low supply voltage The internal regulator disables the drive to the switch until the supply has risen above the start-up threshold (VSU). Above this threshold, the device will start to operate. However, with the supply voltage below the specified minimum value, the switch duty cycle will be high and the device power dissipation will be at a maximum. Care should be taken to avoid operating the device under such conditions in the application, in order to minimize the risk of exceeding the maximum allowed die temperature. (See next section on thermal considerations). Note that when driving loads of two or more LEDs, the forward drop will normally be sufficient to prevent the device from switching below approximately 6V. This will minimize the risk of damage to the device. Thermal considerations When operating the device at high ambient temperatures, or when driving maximum load current, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the package power dissipation limits. The graph below gives details for power derating. This assumes the device to be mounted on a (25mm)2 PCB with 1oz copper standing in still air. Note that the device power dissipation will most often be a maximum at minimum supply voltage. It will also increase if the efficiency of the circuit is low. This may result from the use of unsuitable coils, or excessive parasitic output capacitance on the switch output. Thermal compensation of output current High luminance LEDs often need to be supplied with a temperature compensated current in order to maintain stable and reliable operation at all drive levels. The LEDs are usually mounted remotely from the device, so for this reason, the temperature coefficients of the internal circuits for the ZXLD1350 have been optimized to minimize the change in output current when no compensation is employed. If output current compensation is required, it is possible to use an external temperature sensing network - normally using Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors and/or diodes, mounted very close to the LED(s). The output of the sensing network can be used to drive the ADJ pin in order to reduce output current with increasing temperature. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 19 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Application Information (Continued) Layout considerations LX pin The LX pin of the device is a fast switching node, so PCB tracks should be kept as short as possible. To minimize ground 'bounce', the ground pin of the device should be soldered directly to the ground plane. Coil and decoupling capacitors It is particularly important to mount the coil and the input decoupling capacitor close to the device to minimize parasitic resistance and inductance, which will degrade efficiency. It is also important to take account of any track resistance in series with current sense resistor RS. ADJ pin The ADJ pin is a high impedance input, so when left floating, PCB tracks to this pin should be as short as possible to reduce noise pickup. A 100nF capacitor from the ADJ pin to ground will reduce frequency modulation of the output under these conditions. An additional series 10kΩ resistor can also be used when driving the ADJ pin from an external circuit (see below). This resistor will provide filtering for low frequency noise and provide protection against high voltage transients. 10k ADJ ZXLD1350 GND 100nF GND High voltage tracks Avoid running any high voltage tracks close to the ADJ pin, to reduce the risk of leakage due to board contamination. Any such leakage may raise the ADJ pin voltage and cause excessive output current. A ground ring placed around the ADJ pin will minimize changes in output current under these conditions. ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 20 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 Ordering Information Device Part Mark Package Code Packaging (Note 5) Reel size (mm) Reel width (mm) Quantity per reel Part Number Suffix AEC-Q100 Level ZXLD1350ET5TA 1350 ET5 TSOT23-5 180 8 3000 TA Grade 2 Note: 5. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. Package Outline Dimensions TSOT23-5 D e1 E E1 L2 c 4x θ1 e L θ 5x b A A2 A1 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 21 of 22 www.diodes.com TSOT23-5 Dim Min Max Typ A − 1.00 − A1 0.01 0.10 − A2 0.84 0.90 − D 2.90 − − E 2.80 − − E1 1.60 − − b 0.30 0.45 − c 0.12 0.20 − e 0.95 − − e1 1.90 − − L 0.30 0.50 L2 0.25 − − θ 0° 8° 4° θ1 4° 12° − All Dimensions in mm March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated ZXLD1350 30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated website, harmless against all damages. Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel. Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein: A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systemsrelated information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems. Copyright © 2011, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 22 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated