25A/83W

Technical
Specification
PQ40033QGx25
18-75V
3.3V
25A
82W
2000V dc
Quarter-brick
Continuous Input
Outputs
Current
Max Power
Isolation
DC-DC Converter
The PQ40033QGx25 PowerQor Giga quarter-brick
converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated,
fixed switching frequency DC/DC converter that uses
synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high
conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter
is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost,
weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and
control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB
substrate with high-yield surface mount technology for
greater reliability. The PQ40 module offers a wide input
voltage range to cover both 24V and 48V applications.
RoHS compliant (see the last page).
PQ40033QGx25 Module
Operational Features
• High efficiency, 88% at full rated load current
• Delivers up to 25 amps of output current (82W) with minimal derating
- no heatsink required
• Ultra wide input voltage range: 18V - 75V, with 100V
100ms input voltage transient capability
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance
• No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required
Protection Features
• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage
• Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter &
load from permanent damage and consequent hazardous conditions
• Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages
• Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external
load induced pre-bias
• Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnormal conditions
Mechanical Features
•
•
•
•
Industry standard pin-out configuration
Standard Size:2.30"x1.45"x0.397" (58.4x36.8x10.08mm)
Weight: 1.32 oz. (37.5 grams)
Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount soldering,
avoid wave solder using FPiP technique on open frame units
Safety Features
• UL 60950-1:2007
• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007
• EN60950-1/A12:2011
Control Features
Contents
• On/Off control referenced to input side
• Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for
• Output voltage trim range permits custom voltages
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Page No.
Mechanical Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 1
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Open Frame Mechanical Diagram
TOP VIEW
1.45 [36.8]
.600 [15.24]
.450 [11.43]
.300 [7.62]
.150 [3.81]
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
SIDE VIEW
.031 ± .027
[0.79 ± 0.68]
Bottomside
Clearance
8 7 6 5 4
2.32
[58.9]
2.00
[50.8]
1
2
.180
[4.57]
See Note 6
.397 ± .015
[10.08 ± 0.38]
Overall Height
3
.14 [3.6]
.43 [10.8]
.300 [7.62]
.600 [15.24]
NOTES
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100” (2.54 mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
Other pin extension lengths available.
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
Weight: 1.32 oz. (37.5 grams)
All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: x.xx in +/-0.02 in. (x.xmm +/-0.5 mm)
x.xxx in +/-0.010 in. (x.xxmm +/-0.25 mm)
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin
Name
Function
1
Vin(+)
2
ON/OFF
Positive input voltage
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense (See note 1)
Output voltage trim (See note 2)
Positive remote sense (See note 3)
Positive output voltage
3
Vin(–)
4
Vout(-)
5
SENSE(–)
6
TRIM
7
SENSE(+)
8
Vout(+)
Notes:
1)
SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or
at the converter.
2)
Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.
3)
SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the
converter.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 2
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Baseplated Mechanical Diagram
TOP VIEW
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
SIDE VIEW
1.47 [37.3]
1.03 [26.2]
.600 [15.24]
.450 [11.43]
.300 [7.62]
.150 [3.81]
.22 [5.6]
.031 ± .027
[0.79 ± 0.68]
Bottomside
Clearance
.23 [5.8]
8 7 6 5 4
2.32
[58.9]
2.002 1.86
[50.8] [47.2]
M3 Threaded Inserts
4 Places
See Notes 1 & 2
1
2
.180
[4.57]
See Note 6
.469 ± .022
[11.91 ± 0.55]
Overall Height
3
.150 [3.81]
.44 [11.1]
.300 [7.62]
.600 [15.24]
NOTES
1)
M3 screws used to bolt unit’s baseplate to other surfaces (such as a
heatsink) must not exceed 0.100” (2.54 mm) depth below the surface
of the baseplate.
2) Applied torque per screw should not exceed 6in-lb. (0.7 Nm).
3) Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004” (.10mm) TIR for surface.
4) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
5) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100” (2.54 mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
6) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is
0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness.
7) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate
8) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
9) Weight: 2.15 oz. (60.9 g) typical
10) All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: x.xx in +/-0.02 in. (x.xmm +/-0.5 mm)
x.xxx in +/-0.010 in. (x.xxmm +/-0.25 mm)
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin
Name
1
Vin(+)
2
ON/OFF
Function
Positive input voltage
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense (See note 1)
Output voltage trim (See note 2)
Positive remote sense (See note 3)
Positive output voltage
3
Vin(–)
4
Vout(-)
5
SENSE(–)
6
TRIM
7
SENSE(+)
8
Vout(+)
Notes:
1)
SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or
at the converter.
2)
Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.
3)
SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the
converter.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 3
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specifications
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
PQ40033QGx25 Electrical Characteristics
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
Min.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Operating Transient Protection
Isolation Voltage
Input to Output
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Voltage Hysteresis
Maximum Input Current
No-Load Input Current
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Response to Input Transient
Input Reflected Ripple Current
Input Terminal Ripple Current
Recommended Input Fuse
Recommended External Input Capacitance
Input Filter Component Values (L\C)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Line
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
RMS
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage
Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled
Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled
Maximum Output Capacitance
EFFICIENCY
100% Load (24Vin)
50% Load (24Vin)
100% Load (48Vin)
50% Load (48Vin)
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Typ.
-1
-40
-55
-2
Max.
Units Notes & Conditions
100
80
100
V
V
V
2000
100
125
18
V
°C
°C
V
18
48
75
V
16.2
14.6
1.1
16.7
15.1
1.6
17.2
15.6
2.1
5.4
140
4
0.03
V
V
V
A
mA
mA
A2s
mV
mA
mA
A
µF
µH/µF
80
1.6
100
5
200
20
47
1.5\6.6
3.27
3.300
3.333
V
+0.05 \ 2
+0.05 \ 2
±17
+0.15 \ 5
+0.15 \ 5
±50
3.393
%\mV
%\mV
mV
V
100
20
25
31
mV
mV
A
A
V
A
mA
μF
3.207
50
10
0
26
0.2
0
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29
1.9
0.8
10
1.5
50
20,000
88
90
87
90
www.synqor.com
%
%
%
%
Continuous
Continuous
100ms transient, square wave
100% Load, 35V Vin
1000V/ms input transient, 18V-48V step
P-P thru 10μH inductor; Figures 17 & 19
RMS; Figures 17 & 18
Fast acting external fuse recommended
Typical ESR 0.1-0.2Ω; Figure 17
Internal values; Figure E
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life
20MHz bandwidth, Figures 17 & 20
Full load; see Figures 17 & 20
Full load; see Figures 17 & 20
Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 12
Output Voltage 10% Low; Figure 21
Negative current drawn from output source
Negative current drawn from output source
3.3ut at 25A Resistive Load
Figures
Figures
Figures
Figures
1
1
1
1
-
4,
4,
4,
4,
24Vin
24Vin
48Vin
48Vin
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 4
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specifications
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
PQ40033QGx25 Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice."
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs)
Step Change in Output Current (5A/µs)
Settling time
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
Start-Up Inhibit Time
180
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength)
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance2
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
Semiconductor Junction Temperature
Board Temperature
Transformer Temperature
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
200
ON/OFF Control (Option P)
Off-State Voltage
-2
On-State Voltage
2.4
ON/OFF Control (Option N)
Off-State Voltage
2.4
On-State Voltage
-2
ON/OFF Control (Either Option)
Pull-Up Voltage
Pull-Up Resistance
Output Voltage Trim Range
-10
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range
Output Over-Voltage Protection
117
Over-Temperature Shutdown
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis
Load Current Scale Factor
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
Field Demonstrated MTBF
Max.
Units Notes & Conditions
55
dB
120 Hz; Figure 24
100
100
400
mV
mV
µs
50% to 75% to 50% Iout max, Figure 15
50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 16
To within 1% Vout nom
ms
%
ms
Full load, Vout=90% nom; Figures 13 & 14
20,000µF load capacitance, Iout = 0A
-40˚C to +125˚C; Fig A
12
0
200
14
240
2000
30
470
225
V
MΩ
pF
125
125
125
°C
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
260
kHz
Over sample, temp & life
0.8
18
V
V
18
0.8
V
V
17.7
V
kΩ
%
%
%
°C
°C
Figures A & B
Vin/4.25
40
122
125
10
1500
13
10
127
2.5
1.6
Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figures 27 & C
Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure 27
Over Full Temperature Range; % of nominial Vout
Average PCB Temperature
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
106 Hrs. See our website for details
Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected])
Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 5
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Figures
95
91
90
90
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
85
80
75
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
89
88
87
70
24 Vin
65
75 Vin
60
0
5
10
15
20
25 C
86
48 Vin
40 C
55 C
85
0
25
100
200
300
400
500
Air Flow (LFM)
Load Current (A)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for 24V, 48V, and
75V input at 25°C.
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow
rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C and 55°C (48V input).
14
8
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
12
10
8
6
24 Vin
4
48 Vin
2
7
6
5
25 C
40 C
75 Vin
55 C
4
0
0
5
10
15
20
0
25
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for 24V,
48V and 75V input at 25°C.
100
200
300
400
500
Air Flow (LFM)
Load Current (A)
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal outputvoltage and 60% rated power vs.
airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (48V input).
25
Iout (A)
20
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the
converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (24V input).
Product # PQ40033QGx25
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Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 3 to
pin 1 (24V input).
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 6
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Figures
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
25
Iout (A)
20
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from pin 3 to pin
1 (48V input).
Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 3 to
pin 1 (48V input).
25
Iout (A)
20
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 9: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 50LFM through 400LFM with air flowing from input to
output (24V input).
Figure 10: Thermal plot of converter at 24 amp load current with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to
output (24V input).
25
Iout (A)
20
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
50 LFM (0.25 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 11: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from input to
output (48V input).
Product # PQ40033QGx25
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Figure 12: Therrmal plot of converter at 24 amp load current with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to
output (48V input).
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 7
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Figures
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Figure 13: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (5 ms/div). Input voltage
pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (2V/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input 5V/div)
Figure 14: Turn-on transient at zero load (5 ms/div). Ch 1: Vout (2V/div). Ch 2:
ON/OFF input (5V/div).
Figure 15: Output voltage response to step-change in load curent (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum cap
and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div).
Figure 16: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/µs). Load cap 470µF, 30 mΩ ESR tantalum cap
and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div).
See Fig. 19
10 µH
source
impedance
See Fig. 18
See Fig. 20
iS
VSOURCE
iC
47 µF,
<1Ω ESR
electrolytic
capacitor
DC/DC
Converter
VOUT
1 µF
10 µF,
ceramic 100mΩ ESR
capacitor
tantalum
capacitor
Figure 17: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal
Ripple Current (Figure 18), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 19) and
Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 20).
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 18: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and
nominal in put voltage with 10µH source impedance and 47µF electrolytic
capacitor (200 mA/div). See Figure 17.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 8
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Technical Figures
Figure 19: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 µH source inductor at
nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div). See figure 17.
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Figure 20: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum
capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 17.
4.0
Output Voltage (V)
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
24 V
48 V
0.5
75 V
0.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Load Current (A)
Figure 21: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current lmit curves
and converter shutdown points.
Figure 22: Load Current (20A/div) as a funtion of time when the converter
attempts to turn on into a 10 mΩ short circuit. Top trace (5ms/div) is an
expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace.
0.1
-20
0.01
19 Vin
48 Vin
75 Vin
0.001
Forward Transmission (dB)
Output Impedance (Ω)
-30
-40
-50
-60
19 Vin
48 Vin
-70
75 Vin
-80
-90
-100
0.0001
10
100
1,000
10,000
-110
100,000
10
Hz
Phone 1-888-567-9596
1,000
10,000
100,000
Hz
Figure 23: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = Vout) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
Product # PQ40033QGx25
100
Figure 24: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = Vout/Vin) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 9
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
0
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
100
-10
-15
-20
Input Impedance (Ω)
Reverse Transmission (dB)
-5
19 Vin
-25
48 Vin
75 Vin
-30
-35
10
19 Vin
48 Vin
75 Vin
1
-40
-45
-50
10
100
1,000
10,000
0.1
100,000
10
Hz
Figure 25: Magnitude of invremental reverse transmission (RT = Iin/Iout) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
Figure 26" Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = Vin/Iin) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
10
9
Vout Trim-up (%)
8
7
6
5
4
3
+80 C
2
+25 C
1
0
23.0
-40 C
22.5
22.0
21.5
21.0
20.5
20.0
19.5
19.0
18.5
18.0
Input Voltage (V)
Figure 27: Achievable trim-up percentage vs. input voltage at +85°C, +25°C
and -40°C (all at full load). Full trim-up percentage is achieved at loads of 50%
or less across full temperature and input voltage range.
Product # PQ40033QGx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 10
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Application Section
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
CONTROL FEATURES
The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the
output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions
of input/output isolation and voltage step-down to achieve the
low output voltage required.
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits
the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is
referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are
two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic
used for the ON/OFF input.
Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the
transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers.
These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state
resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This
is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high
efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output
currents.
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not
require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required,
the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or
potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the
heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply
and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB
substrate.
The PowerQor series of half-brick and quarter-brick converters
uses the industry standard footprint and pin-out.
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Remote Enable Circuit
Negative Logic
(Permanently
Enabled)
5V
ON/OFF
Positive Logic
(Permanently
Enabled)
In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high
(meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic
version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns
the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving
the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/
OFF circuitry.
REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load.
Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired.
A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only
as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is
[Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] <
Sense Range % x Vout
Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output
voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver
an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value.
Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage
across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger,
not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7 and 5).
Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so
that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients.
162k
ON/OFF
TTL/
CMOS
Vin(_)
Open Collector Enable Circuit
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
50k
TTL
100pF
50k
Vin(_)
Direct Logic Drive
Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin.
Product # PQ40033QGx25
5V
Vin(+)
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Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 11
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Application Section
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the
user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or
down according to the trim range specifications.
To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor
between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease
of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
(
)
511%
Rtrim-down =
- 10.22 kW
D%
where
D% =
Vnominal – Vdesired
Vnominal
x 100%
To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor
between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase
of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
(
5.11VOUT(100%) _ 511% _
10.22
)
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full
specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout,
due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not
be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range.
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to
turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input
system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry
is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is
rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value
(listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn
on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below
the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter
will turn off.
VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage
Output Current Limit: The maximum current limit remains
constant as the output voltage drops. However, once the impedance of the short across the output is small enough to make the
output voltage drop below the specified Output DC Current-Limit
Shutdown Voltage, the converter turns off.
Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value
and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output
voltage can be trimmed up or down.
The converter then enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly
turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty
cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents
excessive heating of the converter or the load board.
Rtrim-up =
where
1.225D%
D%
kW
Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output
pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the
converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in
output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2)
a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current
limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high
the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After
200 ms the converter will automatically restart.
Trim Resistance (kOhms)
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
0
2
4
6
8
10
% increase Vout
12
14
16
18
20
% decrease Vout
Figure C: Trim Graph
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the
converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the
temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature
Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when
the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value.
Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the
output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the
output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection
circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin.
The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise.
Product # PQ40033QGx25
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 12
Input:
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Application Section
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input System Instability: This condition can occur because
any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative
resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input
System Instability” is available on the SynQor website which
provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and
shows the preferred solution for correcting it.
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E below
provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components.
This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which
otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic
input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance
is specified in the “Input Characteristics” section. More detailed
information is available in the application note titled “EMI
Characteristics” on the SynQor website.
Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit
diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming.
Vout(+)
Vin(+)
Vin
Electrolytic
Capacitor
47μF
External
Input
Filter
Vsense(+)
ON/OFF
Trim
Vsense(_)
Vin(_)
Rtrim-up
or
Rtrim-down
Cload
Iload
Vout(_)
Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
L
Vin(+)
C
Vin(_)
Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3).
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 13
Input:
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Application Section
Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that
the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms when it is
shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this
generates a 5Hz “hiccup mode,” which prevents the converter
from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter
can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period:
• Input Under-Voltage Lockout
• Input Over-Voltage Shutdown (not present in Quarter-brick)
• Output Over-Voltage Protection
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit
Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2:
Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold,
the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature.
When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input
Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is
initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated,
and since it is active, the unit turns on.
At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot
be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed.
• Over Temperature Shutdown
• Current Limit
When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit
Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical
Turn-On Time.
• Short Circuit Protection
• Turned off by the ON/OFF input
Vin
Under-Voltage
Lockout TurnOn Threshold
ON/OFF
(neg logic)
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
Vout
12ms (typical turn on time)
200ms
(typical start-up
inhibit period)
200ms
200ms
t0
t1
t
t2
Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale)
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 14
Input:
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Standards and Qualifications
Parameter
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
Notes & Conditions
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
UL 60950-1:2007
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007
EN60950-1/A12:2011
IEC 61000-4-2
Basic insulation
ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance)
Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new
releases or download from the SynQor website.
Parameter
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
Vibration
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
Solderability
Product # PQ40033QGx25
# Units
32
5
5
10
5
5
5
15 pins
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Test Conditions
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis
-40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85 °C, 95% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 15
Input:
Output:
Current:
Package:
Ordering Information
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
18-75V
3.3V
25A
Quarter-brick
ORDERING INFORMATION
The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters
follows the format shown in the example below.
PQ 4 0 0 3 3Q G B 2 5 N R S
Options
(see
Ordering Information)
Output Current
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering
options for converters in this product family. When ordering
SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete
15 character part number consisting of the 12 character
base part number and the additional characters for options.
Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance.
The following options must be included in place of the w x y z
spaces in the model numbers listed above.
Thermal Design
Performance Level
Thermal Design
Package Size
Output Voltage
Options Description: w x y z
Enable Logic
Pin Length
A - Open Frame
B - Baseplated
Input Voltage
P - Positive
N - Negative
Product Family
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and
the last 3 characters indicate available options. The “-G”
suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance.
K - 0.110"
N - 0.145"
R - 0.180"
Y - 0.250"
Feature Set
S - Standard
Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact
SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for
more options.
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can
be downloaded in pdf format from our website.
Model Number
Input Voltage
Range
Output
Voltage
Max Output
Current
PQ40033QGw25xyz
PQ40050QGw20xyz
18-75V
18-75V
3.3V
5.0 V
25A
82W
RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous
Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium,
Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls
(PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical
and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS
compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s
RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free
Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected].
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply
to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications
may be pending or filed in the future.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
Product # PQ40033QGx25
978-849-0600
888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
Phone 1-888-567-9596
5,999,417
6,222,742
6,545,890
6,577,109
6,594,159
6,731,520
6,894,468
6,896,526
6,927,987
7,050,309
7,072,190
7,085,146
7,119,524
7,269,034
7,272,021
7,272,023
7,558,083
7,564,702
7,765,687
7,787,261
8,023,290
8,149,597
Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
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Doc.# 005-2QG333D Rev. C
11/13/12
Page 16