Technical Specification PQ40050QGx20 18-75V 5V 20A 100W 2000V dc Quarter-brick Continuous Input Outputs Current Max Power Isolation DC-DC Converter The PQ40050QGx20 PowerQor Giga quarter-brick converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequency DC/DC converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface mount technology for greater reliability. The PQ40 module offers a wide input voltage range to cover both 24V and 48V applications. PQ40050QGx20 Module Operational Features • High efficiency, >89% at full rated load current • Delivers up to 20A of output current (100W) with minimal derating - no heatsink required • Ultra wide input voltage range: 18V - 75V, with 100V 100ms input voltage transient capability • Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance • No minimum load requirement - no preload resistors required. Protection Features • Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low Vin conditions • Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter and load from permanent damage and consequent hazardous conditions • Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages • Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias • Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages • Thermal shutdown protectsconverer from abnormal Mechanical Features • • • • Safety Features Industry standard pin-out configuration Standard Size:2.30"x1.45"x0.397" (58.4x36.8x10.08mm) Weight: 1.32 oz. (37.5 grams) Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount soldering, avoid wave solder using FPiP technique on open frame units • UL 60950-1:2007 • CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 • EN60950-1/A12:2011 Control Features Contents • On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) • Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops • Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Page No. Mechanical Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 1 Input: Output: Current: Package: Open Frame Mechanical Diagram TOP VIEW 1.45 [36.8] .600 [15.24] .450 [11.43] .300 [7.62] .150 [3.81] 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick SIDE VIEW .031 ± .027 [0.79 ± 0.68] Bottomside Clearance 8 7 6 5 4 2.32 [58.9] 2.00 [50.8] 1 2 .180 [4.57] See Note 6 .397 ± .015 [10.08 ± 0.38] Overall Height 3 .14 [3.6] .43 [10.8] .300 [7.62] .600 [15.24] NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100” (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. Other pin extension lengths available. All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. Weight: 1.32 oz. (37.5 grams) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx in +/-0.02 in. (x.xmm +/-0.5 mm) x.xxx in +/-0.010 in. (x.xxmm +/-0.25 mm) Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) 2 ON/OFF Positive input voltage TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense (See note 1) Output voltage trim (See note 2) Positive remote sense (See note 3) Positive output voltage 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(-) 5 SENSE(–) 6 TRIM 7 SENSE(+) 8 Vout(+) Notes: 1) SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 2 Input: Output: Current: Package: Baseplated Mechanical Diagram TOP VIEW 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick SIDE VIEW 1.47 [37.3] 1.03 [26.2] .600 [15.24] .450 [11.43] .300 [7.62] .150 [3.81] .22 [5.6] .031 ± .027 [0.79 ± 0.68] Bottomside Clearance .23 [5.8] 8 7 6 5 4 2.32 [58.9] 2.002 1.86 [50.8] [47.2] M3 Threaded Inserts 4 Places See Notes 1 & 2 1 2 .180 [4.57] See Note 6 .469 ± .022 [11.91 ± 0.55] Overall Height 3 .150 [3.81] .44 [11.1] .300 [7.62] .600 [15.24] NOTES 1) M3 screws used to bolt unit’s baseplate to other surfaces (such as a heatsink) must not exceed 0.100” (2.54 mm) depth below the surface of the baseplate. 2) Applied torque per screw should not exceed 6in-lb. (0.7 Nm). 3) Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004” (.10mm) TIR for surface. 4) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 5) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100” (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 6) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 7) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 8) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 9) Weight: 2.15 oz. (60.9 g) typical 10) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx in +/-0.02 in. (x.xmm +/-0.5 mm) x.xxx in +/-0.010 in. (x.xxmm +/-0.25 mm) Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin Name 1 Vin(+) 2 ON/OFF Function Positive input voltage TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense (See note 1) Output voltage trim (See note 2) Positive remote sense (See note 3) Positive output voltage 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(-) 5 SENSE(–) 6 TRIM 7 SENSE(+) 8 Vout(+) Notes: 1) SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 3 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specifications 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick PQ40050QGx20 Electrical Characteristics Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +115 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating 80 V continuous Operating Transient Protection Isolation Voltage (input to output) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at ON/OFF input pin INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Disabled Input Current Inrush Current Transient Rating Response to Input Transient Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse Input Filter Component Values (L\C) Recommended Input Fuse OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled Maximum Output Capacitance DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple rejection Output Voltage During Load Current Transient For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/μs) For a Step Change in Output Current (5A/μs) Settling Time Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time Start-Up Inhibit Period Output Voltage Overshoot Product # PQ40050QGx20 Typ. -1 -40 -55 -2 Max. Units Notes & Conditions 100 80 100 2000 100 125 18 V V V V °C °C V 18 48 75 V 15.5 14.0 1.0 16.0 14.5 1.5 16.5 15.0 2.0 7.5 160 4 0.03 V V V A mA mA A2s mV mA mA mA μH\μF μF 80 1.6 300 5 145 20 1.5\6.6 47 4.950 5.000 +0.05 \ 2 +0.05 \ 2 9.0 4.87 50 10 0 21 0.2 0 180 Phone 1-888-567-9596 24 1.75 0.7 10 5.050 continuous continuous 100ms transient, square wave Basic insulation, Pollution Degree 2 100% Load, 18Vin 1000V/ms input transient, 18V-48V step P-P thru 10μH inductor; Figures 17 & 19 RMS; Figures 17 & 18 Fast blow external fuse recommended internal values, see Figure E Typical ESR 0.1-0.2W, see Figure 17 V +0.2 \ 10 % (mV) +0.2 \ 10 % (mV) 27 mV 5.1 V over sample line, load and temperature 20MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16 100 mV Full Load, 1μF ceramic, 10μF tantalum 20 mV Full Load, 1μF ceramic, 10μF tantalum 20 A 26 A Output Voltage 10% Low; Figure 21 V 1.25 A Negative current drawn from output 50 mA Negative current drawn from output 6,000 μF 5.0Vout at 20A Resistive Load 80 dB 200 200 300 mV mV μs 120 Hz; Figure 24 470μF load cap, 5A/μs; Figure 12 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 15 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 16 to within 1% Vout nominal ms ms % Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figures13 & 14 -40°C to +125°C; Figure F 6,000 μF load capacitance, Iout = 0A 8 200 0 12 240 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 4 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specifications 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick PQ40050QGx20 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency 300 ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-State Voltage 0.8 V -2 On-State Voltage 2.4 18 V 2.4 ON/OFF Control (Option N) Off-State Voltage 2.4 18 V 2.4 On-State Voltage -2 0.8 V -2 ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Pull-Up Voltage Pull-Up Resistance Output Voltage Trim Range -20 Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection 117 Over-Temperature Shutdown Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis Load Current Scale Factor EFFICIENCY 100% Load (24Vin) 50% Load (24Vin) 100% Load (48Vin) 50% Load (48Vin) TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance2 RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) Field Demonstrated MTBF Typ. Max. 325 350 kHz 0.8 18 V V 18 0.8 V Vin/6 40 122 125 10 1000 9.2 Units Notes & Conditions Regulation stage and Isolation stage Figures A, B Application notes; Figures A & B +10 +10 127 V kΩ % % % °C °C 89 90 87 89 % % % % Figures Figures Figures Figures 125 125 125 °C °C °C Plastic Package rated to 150°C UL rated max operating temp 130°C See Figures 5 - 12 for derating curves 2000 30 470 2.42 1.46 Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C; Figure 27 Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure 27 Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Average PCB Temperature Average PCB Temperature See App Note: Output Load Current Calc. 1 1 1 1 - 4, 4, 4, 4, 24Vin 24Vin 48Vin 48Vin V MΩ pF 106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta 106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta 106 Hrs. See our website for details Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected]) Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 5 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick 91 90 Efficiency (%) 89 88 87 25 C 40 C 86 55 C 85 0 Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for 24V, 48V and 75V input at 25°C. 100 200 300 Air Flow (LFM) 400 500 Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 10 Power Dissipation (W) 9 8 7 25 C 6 40 C 55 C 5 0 100 200 300 400 500 Air Flow (LFM) Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for 24V, 48V and 75V input at 25°C. Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 20 18 16 Iout (A) 14 12 10 8 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 6 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 4 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 2 50 LFM (0.25 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (24V input). Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 19 amp load current with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 3 to pin 1 (24V input). www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 6 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick 20 18 16 Iout (A) 14 12 10 8 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 6 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 4 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 2 50 LFM (0.25 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (48V input). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 17 amp load current with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 3 to pin 1 (48V input). 20 18 16 Iout (A) 14 12 10 8 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 6 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 4 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 2 50 LFM (0.25 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 9: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from input to output (24V input). Figure 10: TThermal plot of converter at 19 amp load current with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (24V input). 20 18 16 Iout (A) 14 12 10 8 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 6 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 4 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 2 50 LFM (0.25 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 11: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 50 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from input to output (48V input). Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 12: Thermal plot of converter at 17 amp load current with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (48V input). www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 7 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Figure 13: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (5 ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (2V/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 14: Turn-on transient at zero load (5 ms/div). Ch 1: Vout (2V/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 15: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/μs). Load cap: 10μF, 100 mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1μF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div). Figure 16: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/μs). Load cap: 470μF, 30 mW ESR tantalum cap and 1μF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div). See Fig. 19 10 µH source impedance See Fig. 18 See Fig. 20 iS VSOURCE iC 47 µF, <1Ω ESR electrolytic capacitor DC/DC Converter VOUT 1 µF 10 µF, ceramic 100mΩ ESR capacitor tantalum capacitor Figure 17: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Fig 18), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Fig 19) and Output Voltage Ripple (Fig 20). Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 18: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10μH source impedance and 47μF electrolytic capacitor (200 mA/div). See Figure 17. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 8 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures Figure 19: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 μH source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div). See Figure 17. 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Figure 20: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1μF ceramic capacitor and 10μF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 17. 6.0 Output Voltage (V) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 24 V 1.0 48 V 75 V 0.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Load Current (A) Figure 21: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points. Figure 22: Load current (20A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 10 mW short circuit. Top trace (10ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace. Figure 23: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 24: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = Vout/Vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 9 Input: Output: Current: Package: Figure 25: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Figure 26: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = Vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 27: Achieveable trim-up percentage vs. input voltage at +85°C, +25°C and -40°C (all at full load). Full trim-up percentage is achieved at loads of 50% or less across full temperature and input voltage range. Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 10 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES CONTROL FEATURES The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage step-down to achieve the low output voltage required. REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate. The PowerQor series of half-brick and quarter-brick converters uses the industry standard footprint and pin-out. ON/OFF ON/OFF ON/OFF Vin(_) Vin(_) Vin(_) Remote Enable Circuit Negative Logic (Permanently Enabled) 5V ON/OFF Positive Logic (Permanently Enabled) In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/ OFF circuitry. REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load. Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is [Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] < Sense Range % x Vout Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients. 274k ON/OFF TTL/ CMOS Vin(_) Open Collector Enable Circuit ON/OFF Vin(_) 50k TTL 100pF 50k Vin(_) Direct Logic Drive Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Product # PQ40050QGx20 5V Vin(+) Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 11 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be ( ) 511% Rtrim-down = - 10.22 kW D% where D% = Vnominal – Vdesired Vnominal x 100% To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be ( 5.11VOUT(100%) _ 511% _ 10.22 ) 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. PROTECTION FEATURES Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage Output Current Limit: The maximum current limit remains constant as the output voltage drops. However, once the impedance of the short across the output is small enough to make the output voltage drop below the specified Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage, the converter turns off. Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down. The converter then enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board. Rtrim-up = where 1.225D% D% kW Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart. Trim Resistance (kOhms) 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 0 2 4 6 8 10 % increase Vout 12 14 16 18 20 % decrease Vout Figure C: Trim Graph Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 12 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E below provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the “Input Characteristics” section. More detailed information is available in the application note titled “EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website. Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming. Vout(+) Vin(+) Vin Electrolytic Capacitor 47μF External Input Filter Vsense(+) ON/OFF Trim Vsense(_) Vin(_) Rtrim-up or Rtrim-down Cload Iload Vout(_) Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled). L Vin(+) C Vin(_) Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3). Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 13 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this generates a 5Hz “hiccup mode,” which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period: • Input Under-Voltage Lockout • Input Over-Voltage Shutdown (not present in Quarter-brick) • Output Over-Voltage Protection 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2: Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on. At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed. • Over Temperature Shutdown • Current Limit When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical Turn-On Time. • Short Circuit Protection • Turned off by the ON/OFF input Vin Under-Voltage Lockout TurnOn Threshold ON/OFF (neg logic) ON OFF OFF ON ON Vout 8ms (typical turn on time) 200ms (typical start-up inhibit period) 200ms 200ms t0 t1 t t2 Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale) Product # PQ40050QGx20 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 14 Input: Output: Current: Package: Standards and Qualifications Parameter 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick Notes & Conditions STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL 60950-1:2007 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 EN60950-1/A12:2011 IEC 61000-4-2 Basic insulation ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability Product # PQ40050QGx20 # Units 32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins Phone 1-888-567-9596 Test Conditions 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis 100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85 °C, 95% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day MIL-STD-883, method 2003 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 15 Input: Output: Current: Package: Ordering Information PART NUMBERING SYSTEM 18-75V 5.0V 20A Quarter-brick ORDERING INFORMATION The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. PQ 4 0 5 0 Q G A2 0 N K S Options (see Ordering Information) Output Current The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance. The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Thermal Design Performance Level Thermal Design Package Size Output Voltage Options Description: w x y z Enable Logic Pin Style A - Open Frame B - Baseplated Input Voltage N - Negative P - Positive Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance. Application Notes K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" Feature Set S - Standard Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options. Model Number Input Voltage Range Output Voltage Max Output Current PQ40050QGw20xyS-G 18-75V 5V 20A A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. PATENTS SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may be pending or filed in the future. Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # PQ40050QGx20 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,577,109 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 7,765,687 7,787,261 8,023,290 8,149,597 Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG350D Rev. C 11/13/12 Page 16