30A/36W

Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
35-75V
100V
1.2V
36W
2000V dc
Eighth-brick
Input
Transient Input
Output
Max Power
Isolation
DC-DC Converter
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The PQ60012EKx30 PowerQor Eighth-brick converter
is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated,
fixed switching frequency DC/DC converter that uses
synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high
conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the
converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which
saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All
of the power and control components are mounted to
the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface
mount technology. Since the PowerQor converter has
no explicit thermal interfaces, it is extremely reliable.
RoHS compliant (see last page).
Operational Features
• High efficiency, 85% at full rated load current
• Delivers up to 30A of output current with minimal derating
- no heatsink required
• Wide input voltage range: 35-75V, with 100V & 100ms input voltage
transient capability
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance
• No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required
Control Features
• On/Off control referenced to input side
(positive and negative logic options are available)
• Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output
distribution drops
• Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining
PQ60012EKx30 Module
Protection Features
• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input
voltage conditions
• Output current limit and short circuit protection protects
converter and load from permanent damage and consequent
hazardous conditions
• Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter
from external load induced pre-bias
• Output over-voltage protection protects load from
damaging voltages
• Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnormal
environmental conditions
Mechanical Features
• Industry standard Eighth-brick pin-out configuration
• Size: 2.30" x 0.90" x 0.427", 58.4 x 22.9 x 10.9 mm
• Total weight: 1.48 oz (42 g)
Page No.
Safety Features
Pending
• UL 60950-1:2007
• EN60950-1/A11:2009/A2:2010
• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007
• IEC 61000-4-2
Product # PQ60012EKx30
Contents
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Mechanical Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Standards & Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Technical Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Applications Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 1
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Open Frame Mechanical Diagram
.600 [ 15,24 ]
.450 [ 11,43 ]
.300 [ 7,62 ]
.150 [ 3,81 ]
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.427 .014
[ 10,85 0,35 ]
OVERALL HEIGHT
.900 [ 22,86 ]
8
7
6
5
.104 .005
[ 2,65 0,12 ]
BOTTOMSIDE CLEARANCE
4
2.30
[ 58,4 ]
TOP
VIEW
2.00
[ 50,8 ]
SIDE
VIEW
.14
[ 3,6]
1
2
3
.145
[ 3,68 ]
SEE NOTE 3
.15 [ 3,8]
.300 [ 7,62 ]
.600 [ 15,24 ]
NOTES
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) dia with 0.080" (2.03mm) dia
standoff shoulders
Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062" (1.57mm) dia with 0.100" (2.54mm) dia standoff
shoulders
Other pin extension lengths available
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over
Nickel plate
Finish: Matte tin over nickel plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only
All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
Weight: 1.48 oz (42 g) typical
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II
The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering
(allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the
flanged pin-in-paste technique.
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Pin
Name
Function
1
Vin(+)
Positive input voltage
2
ON/OFF
3
Vin(–)
4
Vout(–)
5
Sense (-)
6
Trim
7
Sense (+)
8
Vout(+)
Notes:
1)SENSE(–) should
the converter.
www.synqor.com
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense (see note 1)
Output voltage trim (see note 2)
Positive remote sense (see note 3)
Positive output voltage
be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at
2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.
3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or
at the converter.
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 2
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Low Profile Mechanical Diagram
.600 [ 15,24 ]
.450 [ 11,43 ]
.300 [ 7,62 ]
.150 [ 3,81 ]
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.357 .014
[ 9,07 0,35 ]
OVERALL HEIGHT
.900 [ 22,86 ]
8
7
6
5
.034 .005
[ 0,87 0,12 ]
BOTTOMSIDE CLEARANCE
4
2.30
[ 58,4 ]
TOP
VIEW
2.00
[ 50,8 ]
SIDE
VIEW
.14
[ 3,6]
1
2
3
.145
[ 3,68 ]
SEE NOTE 3
.15 [ 3,8]
.300 [ 7,62 ]
.600 [ 15,24 ]
NOTES
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) dia with 0.080" (2.03mm) dia
standoff shoulders
Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062" (1.57mm) dia with 0.100" (2.54mm) dia standoff
shoulders
Other pin extension lengths available
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over
Nickel plate
Finish: Matte tin over nickel plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only
6)
All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
7)
Weight: 1.48 oz (42 g) typical
8)
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II
9)
The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering
(allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the
flanged pin-in-paste technique.
10) UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04” (1.02mm)
between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be
considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user’s board.
Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary
circuit.
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Pin
Name
Function
1
Vin(+)
Positive input voltage
2
ON/OFF
3
Vin(–)
4
Vout(–)
5
Sense (-)
6
Trim
7
Sense (+)
8
Vout(+)
Notes:
1)SENSE(–) should
the converter.
www.synqor.com
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense (see note 1)
Output voltage trim (see note 2)
Positive remote sense (see note 3)
Positive output voltage
be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at
2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.
3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or
at the converter.
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 3
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Encased Mechanical Diagram
.986±0.020
(25.04±0.5)
Top View
Side View
0.600 (15.24)
0.450 (11.43)
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0.300 (7.62)
0.150 (3.81)
0.500 ± 0.025
(12.7 ± 0.63)
Overall Height
8 7 6 5 4
2.386±0.020
(60.6±0.5)
2.00
(50.8)
0.183±0.020
(4.65±0.5)
1
2
3
0.193±0.020 (4.9±0.5)
0.300 (7.62)
0.600 (15.24)
NOTES
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004" (.10mm) TIR for surface.
Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54 mm)
diameter standoff shoulders.
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over
Nickel plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
Weight: 2.54 oz (72 g) typical
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II
UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04” (1.02mm)
between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be
considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user’s board.
Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary
circuit
Product # PQ60012EKx30
0.180±.010
(4.57±0.25)
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Pin
Name
Function
1
Vin(+)
Positive input voltage
2
ON/OFF
3
Vin(–)
4
Vout(–)
5
Sense (-)
6
Trim
7
Sense (+)
8
Vout(+)
Notes:
1)SENSE(–) should
the converter.
www.synqor.com
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense (see note 1)
Output voltage trim (see note 2)
Positive remote sense (see note 3)
Positive output voltage
be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at
2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.
3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or
at the converter.
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 4
Input: 35-75V
Output: 1.2V
Current: 30A
Package: Eighth-brick
Technical Specification
PQ60012EKx30 Electrical Characteristics
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units Notes & Conditions
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Operating Transient Protection
Isolation Voltage
Input to Output
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Voltage Hysteresis
Maximum Input Current
No-Load Input Current
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Response to Input Transient
Input Reflected Ripple Current
Input Terminal Ripple Current
Recommended Input Fuse
Recommended External Input Capacitance
Input Filter Component Values (L\C)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Line
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
RMS
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage
Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled
Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled
Maximum Output Capacitance Electrolytic
EFFICIENCY
100% Load
50% Load
Product # PQ60012EKx30
-40
-55
0
100
75
100
V
V
V
2000
100
125
13.5
V dc
°C
°C
V
35
48
75
V
33
31.5
1.2
34
32.3
1.7
1.35
45
7
35
33.5
2.2
V
V
V
A
mA
mA
A2s
mV
mA
mA
A
µF
µH\µF
0.02
10
1
80
20
47
1\2.35
1.188
1.20
1.212
V
1.245
%\mV
%\mV
mV
V
±0.1\1.2
±0.2\2.4
±5
1.155
125
30
0
33.0
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37.5
1.1
16
1
30
42.0
25
84.5
84
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mV
mV
A
A
V
A
mA
mF
%
%
Continuous
Continuous
100ms transient, square wave
Basic insulation
See Note 1
100% Load, 35V Vin, trimmed up 10%
1000V/ms input transient
RMS thru 10μH inductor; Figures 13 & 15
RMS; Figures 13 & 14
Fast acting external fuse recommended
Typical ESR 0.1-0.2Ω; Figure 13
Internal values; see Figure E
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life
20MHz bandwidth; see Note 2
Full load; see Figures 13 & 16
Full load; see Figures 13 & 16
Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 8
Negative current drawn from output
Negative current drawn from output
Nominal Vout at full load (resistive load)
Figures 1 - 2
Figures 1 - 2
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 5
Input: 35-75V
Output: 1.2V
Current: 30A
Package: Eighth-brick
Technical Specification
PQ60012EKx30 Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units Notes & Conditions
dB
mV
mV
µs
120Hz
See Note 3
50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 11
50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 12
To within 1% Vout nom
ms
ms
%
Full load, Vout=90% nom.
-40°C to +125°C; Figure F
Maximum Output Capacitance
V
MΩ
pF
See Absolute Maximum Ratings
125
125
125
°C
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
275
kHz
0.8
13.5
V
V
13.5
0.8
V
V
6
V
kΩ
%
%
%
°C
°C
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DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
80
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs)
100
Step Change in Output Current (1A/µs)
180
Settling time
200
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
21
Start-Up Inhibit Time
180
200
Output Voltage Overshoot
0
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength)
2000
Isolation Resistance
30
Isolation Capacitance (input to output)
1000
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
Semiconductor Junction Temperature
Board Temperature
Transformer Temperature
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
225
250
ON/OFF Control (Option P)
Off-State Voltage
0
On-State Voltage
2
ON/OFF Control (Option N)
Off-State Voltage
2
On-State Voltage
0
ON/OFF Control (Either Option)
Pull-Up Voltage
5
Pull-Up Resistance
10
Output Voltage Trim Range
-10
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range
Output Over-Voltage Protection
165
Over-Temperature Shutdown
125
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis
10
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
2.5
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
1.1
Field Demonstrated MTBF
Note 1: The UVLO values represented here are typical of lighter load conditions.
UVLO limits.
240
See Note 4
Application notes; Figures A & B
10
10
106 Hrs.
106 Hrs.
106 Hrs.
The unit may shut
Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C
Measured across Pins 8 & 4
% of nominial Vout; see Note 5
Average PCB Temperature
TR-NWT-000332; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
See our website for details
down under high load conditions before the typical
Note 2: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected])
Note 3: The module requires a minimum amount of capacitance (100μF) in order to ride through a No Load to Full Load transient (0.1A/μs) without
shutdown.
Note 4: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
Note 5: The OVP value represented here is a typical value under no load condition and over full temprature range, as the load increases, it drops to a
120% typical value under full load condition.
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 6
Technical
Specification
Standards & Qualifications
Parameter
PQ60012EKx30
Notes & Conditions
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STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Pending
UL 60950-1:2007
Basic insulation
EN60950-1/A11:2009/A2:2010
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007
IEC 61000-4-2
ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance)
Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new
releases or download from the SynQor website.
Parameter
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
Vibration
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
Solderability
Product # PQ60012EKx30
# Units
32
5
5
10
5
5
5
15 pins
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Test Conditions
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis
-40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85 °C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 7
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Technical Figures
95
90
90
85
85
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Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
95
80
75
70
35 Vin
10
15
Load Current (A)
20
25
100
10
10
8
8
6
4
35 Vin
48 Vin
0
5
10
15
Load Current (A)
20
25
Air Flow (LFM)
300
400
6
4
25º C
40º C
2
75 Vin
0
200
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow
rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input
voltage).
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
60
30
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum,
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C.
2
55º C
65
60
5
25º C
40º C
75 Vin
0
75
70
48 Vin
65
80
0
100
30
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C.
55º C
200
Air Flow (LFM)
300
400
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power
vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal
input voltage).
35
30
Iout (A)
25
20
15
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
10
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
5
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
0
25
40
55
70
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
85
Ambient Air Temperature (ºC)
Figure 5: Maximum output power-derating curve vs. ambient air temperature for
airflow rates of 100LFM through 400LFM with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1
(nominal input voltage/open frame).
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 30A load current (36W) with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 3 to
pin 1 (nominal input voltage/open frame).
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 8
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Technical Figures
35
30
25
Iout (A)
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20
15
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
10
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
5
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (ºC)
Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 100LFM through 400LFM with air flowing across the
converter from input to output (nominal input voltage/open frame).
Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 30A load current (36W) with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to
output (nominal input voltage/open frame).
Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10ms/div). Load cap:
15uF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic capacitor. Input voltage
pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div).
Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (10ms/div). Load cap: 15µF, 100mΩ
ESR tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div),
Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div).
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt=0.1A/µs). Load cap: 15µF tantalum cap and 1µF
ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div).
Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt=1A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 30mΩ ESR tantalum cap and
1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div).
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 9
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Technical Figures
Input
Reflected
Ripple
Current
10µH
Output
Voltage
Ripple
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source
impedance
Input
Terminal
Ripple
Current
iS
iC
DC-DC
Converter
VOUT
VSOURCE
electrolytic
capacitor
47µF <1Ω ESR
ceramic
capacitor
1µF
tantalum
capacitor
15µF 100mΩ ESR
Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal
Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and
Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16).
Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and
nominal input voltage with 10µH source impedance and 47µF electrolytic
capacitor (200mA/div). See Figure 13.
Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10µH source inductor,
using a 47µF electrolytic input capacitor (5mA/div).
See Figure 13.
Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(100mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 15µF tantalum
capacitor. Bandwidth: 20MHz. See Figure 13.
12
11
VOUT Trim-up(%)
10
9
8
7
6
5
100% Load
4
50% Load
3
0% Load
2
1
0
40.0
39.5
39.0
38.5
38.0
37.5
37.0
36.5
36.0
35.5
35.0
Input Voltage (V)
Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (48V to 75V),
at 30A load current. Load cap: 15µF tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic cap.
Ch 1: Vin (50V/div), Ch 2: Vout (50mV/div).
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Figure 18: Achievable trim-up percentage vs. input voltage at 0%, 50% and full
load. Vin=35-40V.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 10
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Technical Figures
0
1
Forward Transmission (dB)
-10
-20
-30
-40
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Output Impedance (ohms)
0.1
0.01
35 Vin
0.001
48 Vin
75 Vin
-50
-60
-70
35 Vin
-80
48 Vin
-90
75 Vin
-100
0.0001
10
100
1,000
10,000
Hz
10
100,000
Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout=Vout/Iout) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT=Vout/Vin) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
1000
5
Input Impedance (ohms)
Reverse Transmission (dB)
-5
-15
-25
-35
35 Vin
-45
100
10
35 Vin
1
48 Vin
48 Vin
75 Vin
75 Vin
0.1
-55
10
100
1,000
10,000
Hz
10
100,000
Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT=Iin/Iout) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
100
1,000
Hz
10,000
100,000
Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin=Vin/Iin) for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
1.4
Output Voltage (V)
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
35 Vin
0.4
48 Vin
0.2
75 Vin
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
Load Current (A)
30
35
40
Figure 23: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves
and converter shutdown points.
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Page 11
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Applications Section
CONTROL FEATURES
The single stage power converter switches at a fixed
frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of
the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous
rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low
on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky
diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor
converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output
voltages and very high output currents.
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits
the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input
is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-).
There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense
of the logic used for the ON/OFF input.
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BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high
(meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative
logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that
a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible
circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look
of the internal ON/OFF circuitry.
REMOTE SENSE(±) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(±) inputs
correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the
converter’s output pins to the load.
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does
not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not
required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal
baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated
energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus
be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be
mount techniques on a PCB substrate.
connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation
The PowerQor series of half-brick, quarter-brick and eighth- is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a
brick converters uses the industry standard footprint and voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet,
that is
pin-out configuration.
[Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] ≤
Sense Range % x Vout
Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of
the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the
converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher
than its specified value.
Note: The output over-voltage protection circuit senses the
voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when
it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense
leads (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board
should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger,
even during load transients..
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Remote Enable Circuit
Negative Logic
(Permanently
Enabled)
5V
ON/OFF
TTL/
CMOS
49.9k
ON/OFF
OPEN
1000pF
Direct Logic Drive
Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin
Product # PQ60012EKx30
10k
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Open Collector Enable Circuit
5V
Positive Logic
(Permanently
Enabled)
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Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 12
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Applications Section
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits
the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads
up or down according to the trim range specifications.
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed
to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid
an input system instability problem, described in more detail
in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The
lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When
the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical TurnOn Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification
page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter
is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off
Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off.
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To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a
resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). To increase
the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between
Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input).For a desired change of the
nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be:
Protection Features
Rtrim = |
VDES
VNOM - VDES
| - 1 (kΩ)
where
VNOM = Nominal Voltage
VDES = Desired Voltage
(Vertical bars indicate absolute value)
Note: The TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which
the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming
the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage
protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim
pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise.
Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full
specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of VOUT,
due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should
not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim
range.
Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the
output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection
threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching.
This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive
series resistance in output current path from converter
output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit
condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load
capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage
will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the
converter will automatically restart.
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor
on the converter senses the average temperature of the
module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the
converter off when the temperature at the sensed location
reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow
the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the
sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature
Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value.
100
90
Trim Resistance (kΩ)
Output Current Limit: Once the output current reaches
the current-limit point, the converter is in the cycle-by-cycle
current limit mode for a short time that the typical value is
210µs. If the over current no longer exists during this short
time, the converter resumes the normal condition. If the
over current still persists after this short time, the converter
enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly turns on and
off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency until the over current
condition is removed. The dual advantages of this design
are that a short term overload will not cause a hiccup mode
restart and it prevents excessive heating of the converter or
the load board in extended over current condition.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1.08
1.12
1.16
1.2
Decrease in Vout
1.24
1.28
1.32
Increase in Vout
Figure C: Trim Graph for 1.2Vout module
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 13
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Applications Section
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
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Input System Instability: This condition can occur
because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a
negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled
“Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor web
site (www.synqor.com) which provides an understanding of
why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution
for correcting it.
Input Filtering and External Input Capacitance:
Figure E below provides a diagram showing the internal
input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces
input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed
the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The
recommended external input capacitance is specified in the
“Input Characteristics” section. More detailed information is
available in the application note titled “EMI Characteristics”
on the SynQor website.
Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical
circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage
trimming.
Vin(+)
Vin
Electrolytic
Capacitor
External
Input
Filter
Vout(+)
Vsense(+)
ON/OFF
Trim
Vsense(_)
Vin(_)
Rtrim-up
or
Rtrim-down
Cload
Iload
Vout(_)
Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
Vin(+)
L
C
Vin(_)
Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3).
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Page 14
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Applications Section
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Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures
that the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms
when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is
present, this generates a 5Hz "hiccup mode," which prevents
the converter from overheating. In all, there are five ways that
the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit
Period:
• Input Under-Voltage Lockout.
• Output Over-Voltage Protection
• Over Temperature Shutdown
• Current Limit
• Turned off by the ON/OFF input
Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit
Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2:
Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL
threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage
Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVL
threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a
Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the
ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns
on.
At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot
be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed.
When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit
Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical
Turn-On Time.
Vin
Under-Voltage
Lockout Turn-On
Threshold
ON/OFF
(pos logic)
ON
OFF
OFF ON
ON
21ms
(typical turn on time)
Vout
10ms
200ms
(typical start-up
inhibit period)
t0
t1
200ms
t
t2
Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale)
Product # PQ60012EKx30
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
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Page 15
Technical
Specification
PQ60012EKx30
Ordering Information
Part Numbering System
Ordering Information
The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters follows the format
shown in the example below.
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for
converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please
ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of
the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options.
Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance.
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PQ 6 0 0 1 2 E K A 3 0 N R S - G
6/6 RoHS
Options
(see
Ordering Information)
Model Number
Input Voltage
PQ60012EKx30xyz-G
35-75V
Output
Voltage
1.2V
Max Output
Current
30A
Output Current
Thermal Design
The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the
model numbers listed above.
Performance Level
Package Size
Thermal Design
Output Voltage
L - Low Profile
A - Open Frame
C - Encased
Input Voltage
Options Description: w x y z
Enable Logic
Pin Style
N - Negative
P - Positive
Product Family
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3
characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS
compliance.
Feature Set
K - 0.110"
N - 0.145"
R - 0.180"
Y - 0.250"
S - Standard
Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for
availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options.
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded
in pdf format from our website.
RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous
Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent
Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated
Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor
product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to
SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free
Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected].
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to
each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may
be pending or filed in the future.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
Product # PQ60012EKx30
978-849-0600
888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
Phone 1-888-567-9596
5,999,417
6,222,742
6,545,890
6,577,109
6,594,159
6,731,520
6,894,468
6,896,526
6,927,987
7,050,309
7,072,190
7,085,146
7,119,524
7,269,034
7,272,021
7,272,023
7,558,083
7,564,702
Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our website or is available upon request from
SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
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Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1
08/24/10
Page 16