Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 35-75V 100V 1.2V 36W 2000V dc Eighth-brick Input Transient Input Output Max Power Isolation DC-DC Converter a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n The PQ60012EKx30 PowerQor Eighth-brick converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequency DC/DC converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface mount technology. Since the PowerQor converter has no explicit thermal interfaces, it is extremely reliable. RoHS compliant (see last page). Operational Features • High efficiency, 85% at full rated load current • Delivers up to 30A of output current with minimal derating - no heatsink required • Wide input voltage range: 35-75V, with 100V & 100ms input voltage transient capability • Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance • No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required Control Features • On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) • Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops • Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining PQ60012EKx30 Module Protection Features • Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions • Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter and load from permanent damage and consequent hazardous conditions • Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias • Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages • Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnormal environmental conditions Mechanical Features • Industry standard Eighth-brick pin-out configuration • Size: 2.30" x 0.90" x 0.427", 58.4 x 22.9 x 10.9 mm • Total weight: 1.48 oz (42 g) Page No. Safety Features Pending • UL 60950-1:2007 • EN60950-1/A11:2009/A2:2010 • CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 • IEC 61000-4-2 Product # PQ60012EKx30 Contents Phone 1-888-567-9596 Mechanical Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Standards & Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Technical Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Applications Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 1 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Open Frame Mechanical Diagram .600 [ 15,24 ] .450 [ 11,43 ] .300 [ 7,62 ] .150 [ 3,81 ] a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n .427 .014 [ 10,85 0,35 ] OVERALL HEIGHT .900 [ 22,86 ] 8 7 6 5 .104 .005 [ 2,65 0,12 ] BOTTOMSIDE CLEARANCE 4 2.30 [ 58,4 ] TOP VIEW 2.00 [ 50,8 ] SIDE VIEW .14 [ 3,6] 1 2 3 .145 [ 3,68 ] SEE NOTE 3 .15 [ 3,8] .300 [ 7,62 ] .600 [ 15,24 ] NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) PIN DESIGNATIONS Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) dia with 0.080" (2.03mm) dia standoff shoulders Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062" (1.57mm) dia with 0.100" (2.54mm) dia standoff shoulders Other pin extension lengths available All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate Finish: Matte tin over nickel plate Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) Weight: 1.48 oz (42 g) typical Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering (allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the flanged pin-in-paste technique. Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(–) 5 Sense (-) 6 Trim 7 Sense (+) 8 Vout(+) Notes: 1)SENSE(–) should the converter. www.synqor.com TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense (see note 1) Output voltage trim (see note 2) Positive remote sense (see note 3) Positive output voltage be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at 2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 2 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Low Profile Mechanical Diagram .600 [ 15,24 ] .450 [ 11,43 ] .300 [ 7,62 ] .150 [ 3,81 ] a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n .357 .014 [ 9,07 0,35 ] OVERALL HEIGHT .900 [ 22,86 ] 8 7 6 5 .034 .005 [ 0,87 0,12 ] BOTTOMSIDE CLEARANCE 4 2.30 [ 58,4 ] TOP VIEW 2.00 [ 50,8 ] SIDE VIEW .14 [ 3,6] 1 2 3 .145 [ 3,68 ] SEE NOTE 3 .15 [ 3,8] .300 [ 7,62 ] .600 [ 15,24 ] NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) PIN DESIGNATIONS Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) dia with 0.080" (2.03mm) dia standoff shoulders Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062" (1.57mm) dia with 0.100" (2.54mm) dia standoff shoulders Other pin extension lengths available All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate Finish: Matte tin over nickel plate Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) Weight: 1.48 oz (42 g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II 9) The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering (allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the flanged pin-in-paste technique. 10) UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04” (1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user’s board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit. Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(–) 5 Sense (-) 6 Trim 7 Sense (+) 8 Vout(+) Notes: 1)SENSE(–) should the converter. www.synqor.com TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense (see note 1) Output voltage trim (see note 2) Positive remote sense (see note 3) Positive output voltage be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at 2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 3 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Encased Mechanical Diagram .986±0.020 (25.04±0.5) Top View Side View 0.600 (15.24) 0.450 (11.43) a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n 0.300 (7.62) 0.150 (3.81) 0.500 ± 0.025 (12.7 ± 0.63) Overall Height 8 7 6 5 4 2.386±0.020 (60.6±0.5) 2.00 (50.8) 0.183±0.020 (4.65±0.5) 1 2 3 0.193±0.020 (4.9±0.5) 0.300 (7.62) 0.600 (15.24) NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) PIN DESIGNATIONS Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004" (.10mm) TIR for surface. Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) Weight: 2.54 oz (72 g) typical Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04” (1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user’s board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit Product # PQ60012EKx30 0.180±.010 (4.57±0.25) Phone 1-888-567-9596 Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(–) 5 Sense (-) 6 Trim 7 Sense (+) 8 Vout(+) Notes: 1)SENSE(–) should the converter. www.synqor.com TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense (see note 1) Output voltage trim (see note 2) Positive remote sense (see note 3) Positive output voltage be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at 2)Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3)SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 4 Input: 35-75V Output: 1.2V Current: 30A Package: Eighth-brick Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Electrical Characteristics Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating Operating Transient Protection Isolation Voltage Input to Output Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at ON/OFF input pin INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Voltage Hysteresis Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Disabled Input Current Inrush Current Transient Rating Response to Input Transient Input Reflected Ripple Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse Recommended External Input Capacitance Input Filter Component Values (L\C) OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled Maximum Output Capacitance Electrolytic EFFICIENCY 100% Load 50% Load Product # PQ60012EKx30 -40 -55 0 100 75 100 V V V 2000 100 125 13.5 V dc °C °C V 35 48 75 V 33 31.5 1.2 34 32.3 1.7 1.35 45 7 35 33.5 2.2 V V V A mA mA A2s mV mA mA A µF µH\µF 0.02 10 1 80 20 47 1\2.35 1.188 1.20 1.212 V 1.245 %\mV %\mV mV V ±0.1\1.2 ±0.2\2.4 ±5 1.155 125 30 0 33.0 Phone 1-888-567-9596 37.5 1.1 16 1 30 42.0 25 84.5 84 www.synqor.com mV mV A A V A mA mF % % Continuous Continuous 100ms transient, square wave Basic insulation See Note 1 100% Load, 35V Vin, trimmed up 10% 1000V/ms input transient RMS thru 10μH inductor; Figures 13 & 15 RMS; Figures 13 & 14 Fast acting external fuse recommended Typical ESR 0.1-0.2Ω; Figure 13 Internal values; see Figure E Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 20MHz bandwidth; see Note 2 Full load; see Figures 13 & 16 Full load; see Figures 13 & 16 Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 8 Negative current drawn from output Negative current drawn from output Nominal Vout at full load (resistive load) Figures 1 - 2 Figures 1 - 2 Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 5 Input: 35-75V Output: 1.2V Current: 30A Package: Eighth-brick Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions dB mV mV µs 120Hz See Note 3 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 11 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 12 To within 1% Vout nom ms ms % Full load, Vout=90% nom. -40°C to +125°C; Figure F Maximum Output Capacitance V MΩ pF See Absolute Maximum Ratings 125 125 125 °C °C °C Package rated to 150°C UL rated max operating temp 130°C 275 kHz 0.8 13.5 V V 13.5 0.8 V V 6 V kΩ % % % °C °C a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 80 Output Voltage during Load Current Transient Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs) 100 Step Change in Output Current (1A/µs) 180 Settling time 200 Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time 21 Start-Up Inhibit Time 180 200 Output Voltage Overshoot 0 ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) 2000 Isolation Resistance 30 Isolation Capacitance (input to output) 1000 TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency 225 250 ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-State Voltage 0 On-State Voltage 2 ON/OFF Control (Option N) Off-State Voltage 2 On-State Voltage 0 ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Pull-Up Voltage 5 Pull-Up Resistance 10 Output Voltage Trim Range -10 Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection 165 Over-Temperature Shutdown 125 Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis 10 RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) 2.5 Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) 1.1 Field Demonstrated MTBF Note 1: The UVLO values represented here are typical of lighter load conditions. UVLO limits. 240 See Note 4 Application notes; Figures A & B 10 10 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. The unit may shut Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C Measured across Pins 8 & 4 % of nominial Vout; see Note 5 Average PCB Temperature TR-NWT-000332; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta See our website for details down under high load conditions before the typical Note 2: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected]) Note 3: The module requires a minimum amount of capacitance (100μF) in order to ride through a No Load to Full Load transient (0.1A/μs) without shutdown. Note 4: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. Note 5: The OVP value represented here is a typical value under no load condition and over full temprature range, as the load increases, it drops to a 120% typical value under full load condition. Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 6 Technical Specification Standards & Qualifications Parameter PQ60012EKx30 Notes & Conditions a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n STANDARDS COMPLIANCE Pending UL 60950-1:2007 Basic insulation EN60950-1/A11:2009/A2:2010 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability Product # PQ60012EKx30 # Units 32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins Phone 1-888-567-9596 Test Conditions 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis 100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85 °C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day MIL-STD-883, method 2003 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 7 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Technical Figures 95 90 90 85 85 a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 95 80 75 70 35 Vin 10 15 Load Current (A) 20 25 100 10 10 8 8 6 4 35 Vin 48 Vin 0 5 10 15 Load Current (A) 20 25 Air Flow (LFM) 300 400 6 4 25º C 40º C 2 75 Vin 0 200 Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). Power Dissipation (W) Power Dissipation (W) 60 30 Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. 2 55º C 65 60 5 25º C 40º C 75 Vin 0 75 70 48 Vin 65 80 0 100 30 Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. 55º C 200 Air Flow (LFM) 300 400 Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 35 30 Iout (A) 25 20 15 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 10 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 25 40 55 70 Semiconductor junction temperature is within 1°C of surface temperature 85 Ambient Air Temperature (ºC) Figure 5: Maximum output power-derating curve vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100LFM through 400LFM with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage/open frame). Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 30A load current (36W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage/open frame). www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 8 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Technical Figures 35 30 25 Iout (A) a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n 20 15 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 10 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (ºC) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100LFM through 400LFM with air flowing across the converter from input to output (nominal input voltage/open frame). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 30A load current (36W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (nominal input voltage/open frame). Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10ms/div). Load cap: 15uF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic capacitor. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (10ms/div). Load cap: 15µF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt=0.1A/µs). Load cap: 15µF tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt=1A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 30mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 9 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Technical Figures Input Reflected Ripple Current 10µH Output Voltage Ripple a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n source impedance Input Terminal Ripple Current iS iC DC-DC Converter VOUT VSOURCE electrolytic capacitor 47µF <1Ω ESR ceramic capacitor 1µF tantalum capacitor 15µF 100mΩ ESR Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16). Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10µH source impedance and 47µF electrolytic capacitor (200mA/div). See Figure 13. Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10µH source inductor, using a 47µF electrolytic input capacitor (5mA/div). See Figure 13. Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (100mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 15µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20MHz. See Figure 13. 12 11 VOUT Trim-up(%) 10 9 8 7 6 5 100% Load 4 50% Load 3 0% Load 2 1 0 40.0 39.5 39.0 38.5 38.0 37.5 37.0 36.5 36.0 35.5 35.0 Input Voltage (V) Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (48V to 75V), at 30A load current. Load cap: 15µF tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vin (50V/div), Ch 2: Vout (50mV/div). Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 18: Achievable trim-up percentage vs. input voltage at 0%, 50% and full load. Vin=35-40V. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 10 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Technical Figures 0 1 Forward Transmission (dB) -10 -20 -30 -40 a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n Output Impedance (ohms) 0.1 0.01 35 Vin 0.001 48 Vin 75 Vin -50 -60 -70 35 Vin -80 48 Vin -90 75 Vin -100 0.0001 10 100 1,000 10,000 Hz 10 100,000 Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout=Vout/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 100 1,000 Hz 10,000 100,000 Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT=Vout/Vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 1000 5 Input Impedance (ohms) Reverse Transmission (dB) -5 -15 -25 -35 35 Vin -45 100 10 35 Vin 1 48 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin 75 Vin 0.1 -55 10 100 1,000 10,000 Hz 10 100,000 Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT=Iin/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 100 1,000 Hz 10,000 100,000 Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin=Vin/Iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 1.4 Output Voltage (V) 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 35 Vin 0.4 48 Vin 0.2 75 Vin 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Load Current (A) 30 35 40 Figure 23: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points. Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 11 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Applications Section CONTROL FEATURES The single stage power converter switches at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. REMOTE SENSE(±) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(±) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be mount techniques on a PCB substrate. connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation The PowerQor series of half-brick, quarter-brick and eighth- is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a brick converters uses the industry standard footprint and voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is pin-out configuration. [Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] ≤ Sense Range % x Vout Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note: The output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients.. ON/OFF ON/OFF ON/OFF Vin(_) Vin(_) Vin(_) Remote Enable Circuit Negative Logic (Permanently Enabled) 5V ON/OFF TTL/ CMOS 49.9k ON/OFF OPEN 1000pF Direct Logic Drive Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin Product # PQ60012EKx30 10k Vin(_) Vin(_) Open Collector Enable Circuit 5V Positive Logic (Permanently Enabled) Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 12 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Applications Section OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical TurnOn Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input).For a desired change of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be: Protection Features Rtrim = | VDES VNOM - VDES | - 1 (kΩ) where VNOM = Nominal Voltage VDES = Desired Voltage (Vertical bars indicate absolute value) Note: The TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of VOUT, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart. Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. 100 90 Trim Resistance (kΩ) Output Current Limit: Once the output current reaches the current-limit point, the converter is in the cycle-by-cycle current limit mode for a short time that the typical value is 210µs. If the over current no longer exists during this short time, the converter resumes the normal condition. If the over current still persists after this short time, the converter enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency until the over current condition is removed. The dual advantages of this design are that a short term overload will not cause a hiccup mode restart and it prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board in extended over current condition. 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 Decrease in Vout 1.24 1.28 1.32 Increase in Vout Figure C: Trim Graph for 1.2Vout module Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 13 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Applications Section APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor web site (www.synqor.com) which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Input Filtering and External Input Capacitance: Figure E below provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the “Input Characteristics” section. More detailed information is available in the application note titled “EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website. Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming. Vin(+) Vin Electrolytic Capacitor External Input Filter Vout(+) Vsense(+) ON/OFF Trim Vsense(_) Vin(_) Rtrim-up or Rtrim-down Cload Iload Vout(_) Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled). Vin(+) L C Vin(_) Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3). Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 14 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Applications Section a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this generates a 5Hz "hiccup mode," which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are five ways that the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period: • Input Under-Voltage Lockout. • Output Over-Voltage Protection • Over Temperature Shutdown • Current Limit • Turned off by the ON/OFF input Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2: Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on. At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed. When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical Turn-On Time. Vin Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Threshold ON/OFF (pos logic) ON OFF OFF ON ON 21ms (typical turn on time) Vout 10ms 200ms (typical start-up inhibit period) t0 t1 200ms t t2 Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale) Product # PQ60012EKx30 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 15 Technical Specification PQ60012EKx30 Ordering Information Part Numbering System Ordering Information The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance. a pu d bl va ic n at ce io d n PQ 6 0 0 1 2 E K A 3 0 N R S - G 6/6 RoHS Options (see Ordering Information) Model Number Input Voltage PQ60012EKx30xyz-G 35-75V Output Voltage 1.2V Max Output Current 30A Output Current Thermal Design The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Performance Level Package Size Thermal Design Output Voltage L - Low Profile A - Open Frame C - Encased Input Voltage Options Description: w x y z Enable Logic Pin Style N - Negative P - Positive Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance. Feature Set K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" S - Standard Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options. Application Notes A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. PATENTS SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may be pending or filed in the future. Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # PQ60012EKx30 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,577,109 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005860 Rev. 1 08/24/10 Page 16