Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 35-75V 100V 1.5V 2250V dc Sixteenth-Brick Input Transient Input Output Isolation DC-DC Converter The PQ60015SMx25 PowerQor® Mega sixteenth brick converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequency DC/DC converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface mount technology. Since the PowerQor converter has no explicit thermal interfaces, it is extremely reliable. RoHS compliant (see last page). Operational Features • High efficiency, 83% at full rated load current • Delivers up to 37W of output power with minimal derating • Operating input voltage range: 35-75Vdc, with 100V for 100ms input transient capability • Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI • No minimum load requirement PQ60015SML25 Module Mechanical Features • • • • Industry standard sixteenth-brick pin-out configuration Size: 0.95" x 1.35" (24.1 x 34.3 mm) Height: .327" (8.3mm) low profile and .397" (10.1mm) standard Weight: .476oz (13.5g) Protection Features Control Features • On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) • Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops • Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining • • • • • Contents Safety Features Page No. Pending • 2250V input-to-output isolation • UL 60950-1:2003 • CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 • EN60950-1:2001 • Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) • IEC 61000-4-2 • RoHS compliant (see page 15) Product # PQ60015SMx25 Input under-voltage lockout Output current limit and short circuit protection Active back bias limit Output over-voltage protection Thermal shutdown Phone 1-888-567-9596 PQ60 SMA & SML Mechanical Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 PQ60 SMC Mechanical Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 PQ60015SMx25 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 PQ60015SMx25 Standards & Qualification Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 PQ60015SMx25 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10 Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-14 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 1 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 PQ60 SMA & SML Mechanical Drawing .95 [24.1] .600 [15.24] .450 [11.43] .300 [7.62] .150 [3.81] OVERALL HEIGHT Low Profile .327 [8.31] 8 7 6 5 4 .145 [3.68] 1.35 [34.3] 1.10 [27.9] SIDE VIEW TOP VIEW .100 [2.54] 1 2 3 .18 [4.4] .300 [7.62] .600 [15.24] BOTTOMSIDE CLEARANCE Low Profile .027 ±.015 [0.69 ±0.38] NOTES PIN DESIGNATIONS 1) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF 3 Vin(–) 2) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) Weight: .476oz (13.5g) 4 Vout(–) 5 SENSE(–) 6 TRIM 7 SENSE(+) 8 Vout(+) TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Negative remote sense(see note 1) Output voltage trim (see note 2) Positive remote sense (see note 3) Positive output voltage 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II Notes: 9) Open frame units have flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering (avoid wave solder) using PiP technique. 1) SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 2 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 PQ60 SMC Mechanical Drawing 2 MC 1.036±.020 (26.31±0.5) RS -G T 5 S V OU r 0 1 1.5 te 60 5 V IN er P Q 34-7 5A Conv @ .600 (15.24) .450 (11.43) 2 DC /D C 0.500±.025 (12.7±0.63) Overall height .300 (7.62) .150 (3.81) PQ60015SMC25 Module 8 7 6 5 4 0.18 (4.6) Top View 1.436±.020 (36.47±0.5) 5N Side View 1.10 (27.9) .143±.020 (3.63±0.5) 1 2 3 .300 (7.62) .218±.020 (5.54±0.5) .600 (15.24) NOTES PIN DESIGNATIONS 1) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080” (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 3 Vin(–) 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy- Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 4 Vout(–) 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7 7) Weight: 1.14oz (32.3g) 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 5 8 TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage SENSE(–) Negative remote sense(see note 1) TRIM Output voltage trim (see note 2) SENSE(+) Positive remote sense (see note 3) Vout(+) Positive output voltage Notes: 1) SENSE(–) should be connected to Vout(–) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 3 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 PQ60015SMx25 Electrical Characteristics Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating 100 V Continuous Operating 80 V Continuous Operating Transient Protection 100 V 100ms transient Input to output Isolation Voltage 2250 V dc Operating Temperature Input to Output -40 100 °C Storage Temperature -55 125 °C Voltage at ON/OFF input pin -2 8 V INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range 35 48 75 V Turn-On Voltage Threshold 31.2 32.5 33.8 V Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 28.9 30.5 32.2 V 1.4 A 48 60 mA Disabled Input Current 10 14 mA Response to Input Transient 50 mV 1000V/ms input transient Input Reflected Ripple Current 3 mA RMS thru 10μH inductor; Figures 13 & 15 Input Terminal Ripple Current 35 mA RMS; Figures 13 & 14 Input Under-Voltage Lockout Lockout Voltage Hysteresis 2.0 Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current V Recommended Input Fuse 20 Recommended External Input Capacitance Input Filter Component Values (L\C) 100% Load, Vin min, nominal Vout A 100 µF 1.0/2.35 µH/µF Typical ESR 0.1-0.2 Ω Internal values; see Figure E OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point 1.485 1.5 1.515 V Over Line ±0.1/1.5 +0.3/3.5 %mV Over Load ±0.1/1.5 +0.3/3.5 %mV -23 23 mV 1.463 1.538 V 25 50 mV Full load 6 10 mV Full load 25 A Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 8 32l.5 A Figure 17 A Negative current drawn from output mA Negative current drawn from output mF Vout nominal at full load (resistive load); See Note 2 Output Voltage Regulation Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise 20 MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16; see Note 1 Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 0 27.5 30 Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled 1.5 Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled 2 Maximum Output Capacitance 10 EFFICIENCY 100% Load 83 % See Figure 1 for efficiency curve 50% Load 82 % See Figure 1 for efficiency curve Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (email: [email protected]) Note 2: Recommended minimum output capacitance is 100uF Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 4 Input: 48V Output: 1.5V Current: 25A Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 70 dB 120 Hz; Figure 20 Step Change in Output Current (0.1 A/µs) 50 mV 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 11 Step Change in Output Current (2 A/µs) 50 mV 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 12 Settling Time 150 µs To within 1% Vout nom ms Full load, Vout=90% nom. ms Figure F; See Note 1 Output Voltage during Load Current Transient Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time 35 Start-Up Inhibit Time 180 200 250 Power-Up Inhibit Time 2 ms Figure F Output Voltage Overshoot 0 % Max output capacitance and full load ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) 2250 Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance (input to output) 30 MΩ 1000 pF See Note 2 TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature 125 °C Package rated to 150 °C Board Temperature 125 °C UL rated max operating temp 130 °C Transformer Temperature 125 °C See Figure 2 for derating curve 385 kHz FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency 315 350 ON/OFF Control (Option P) On-State Voltage 2.4 8 V Off-State Voltage -2 0.8 V On-State Voltage -2 0.8 V Off-State Voltage 2.4 8 V ON/OFF Control (Option N) ON/OFF Control (Either option) Figures A & B Pull-Up Voltage 4.5 Pull-Up Resistance 5 5.5 10 Output Voltage Trim Range -10 Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection 1.7 1.9 V kΩ 10 % 10 % Measured across Pins 8 & 4 2.1 V Over full temp range Average PCB Temperature; Auto Recovery Over-Temperature Shutdown OTP Trip Point 125 °C Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis 10 °C Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) TR-NWT-000332 3.9 Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) MIL-HDBK-217F 3.5 Field Demonstrated MTBF 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. See our website for details Note 1: Maximum value is 400ms for DC current limit and short circuit fault conditions Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 5 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 PQ60015SMx25 Standards & Qualification Testing Parameter Notes & Conditions STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL 60950-1:2003 Basic Insulation CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 EN60950-1:2001 Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter # Units Test Conditions QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test 32 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours Vibration 5 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis Mechanical Shock 5 100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis Temperature Cycling 10 -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Power/Thermal Cycling 5 Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Design Marginality 5 Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load Humidity 5 Solderability Product # PQ60015SMx25 85 °C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day 15 pins Phone 1-888-567-9596 MIL-STD-883, method 2003 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 6 Input: 48V Output: 1.5V Current: 25A Technical Specification 100 86 95 85 90 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 84 85 80 75 83 82 25º C 70 35Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin 65 55º C 80 60 0 5 10 15 20 100 25 Load Current (A) 200 300 400 Air Flow (LFM) Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 7 10 6 Power Dissipation (W) 8 Power Dissipation (W) 40º C 81 6 4 35Vin 48 Vin 2 5 4 3 25º C 40º C 2 55º C 75 Vin 1 0 0 5 10 15 20 100 25 Load Current (A) 200 300 400 Air Flow (LFM) Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 30 25 Iout(A) 20 15 10 400LFM(2.0m/s) 300LFM(1.5m/s) 5 200LFM(1.0m/s) 100LFM(0.5 m/S) 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature(°C) Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage). Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 25.0 amp load current (37.5W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage). www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 7 Input: 48V Output: 1.5V Current: 25A Technical Specification 30 25 Iout(A) 20 15 400LFM(2.0m/s) 10 300LFM(1.5m/s) 200LFM(1.0m/s) 5 100LFM(0.5 m/S) 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature(°C) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing lenghtwise from input to output (nominal input voltage). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 24.9 amp load current (37.3W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (nominal input voltage). Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10 ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Top Trace: Vout (1V/div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input(5V/div) Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (10 ms/div). Top Trace: Vout (1V/ div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input (5V/div) Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%75%-50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 100µF electrolytic output capacitance. Top trace: Vout (100mV/div). Bottom trace: Iout (10A/div). Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%75%-50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 2A/µs). Load cap: 330µF electrolytic output capacitance. Top trace: Vout (100mV/div). Bottom trace: Iout (10A/div). Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 8 Input: 48V Output: 1.5V Current: 25A Technical Specification See Fig. 15 See Fig. 14 10µH source impedance See Fig. 16 DC/DC Converter Vsource Vout 1µF ceramic capacitor 100µF < 1Ω ESR electrolytic capacitor 100µF 100mΩ ESR electrolytic capacitor Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16). Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10µH source impedance and 100µF electrolytic capacitor (Ch2 100mA/div). (See Figure 13). Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 µH source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (5 mA/div). (See Figure 13). Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: one 1.0µF ceramic capacitor and one 100µF electrolytic capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. (See Figure 13). 3.0 Output Voltage (V) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 35 Vin 0.5 48Vin 75 Vin 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 Load Current (A) Figure 17: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points. Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 18: Load current (20A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 1 mΩ short circuit. Top trace (100ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 9 Input: 48V Output: 1.5V Current: 25A Technical Specification 0 Forward Transmission (dB) Output Impedance (ohms) 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 35Vin 48Vin -20 -40 -60 -80 35Vin 48Vin 75Vin -100 75Vin 0.0001 -120 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 10 100 Hz 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. -10 10000 -20 Input Impedance (Ohms) Reverse Transmission (dB) -15 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 1000 100 10 35Vin 48Vin 35Vin 48Vin -50 75Vin 75Vin 1 -55 10 100 1,000 10,000 10 100,000 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Hz Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 12 8 6 4 Vout trim-up (%) 10 +85°C +25°C 2 -40°C 0 36 35.5 35 34.5 34 Input Voltage (V) Figure 23: Achievable trim-up percentage vs. input voltage at +85°C, +25°C, and -40°C (all at full load). Full trim-up percentage is achieved at loads of 50% or less across full temperature and input voltage range. Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 10 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES CONTROL FEATURES This converter switches at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). The ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details four possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/ OFF circuitry. These converters are offered totally encased to withstand harsh environments and thermally demanding applications. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation in many applications; however, adding a heatsink provides improved thermal derating performance in extreme situations. REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load. This series of converters uses the industry standard footprint and pin-out configuration. Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is [Vout(+) - Vout(-)] – [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] < Sense Range % x Vout ON/OFF ON/OFF Vin(_) Vin(_) Remote Enable Circuit Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients. Negative Logic (Permanently Enabled) 5V ON/OFF TTL/ CMOS ON/OFF 10k Vin(_) Vin(_) Open Collector Enable Circuit 5V Direct Logic Drive ON/OFF 50k TTL Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. 1000pF Vin(_) Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 11 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be Rtrim-down = - 10.22 (511 ∆% ) (kΩ) where ∆% = Vnominal – Vdesired Vnominal x 100% To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be Rtrim-up = where ( 5.11VOUT x (100+∆%) 1.225∆% _ 511 _ 10.22 ∆% ) (kΩ) Vout = Nominal Output Voltage Graphs on Page 3 show the relationship between the trim resistor value and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down. Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. PROTECTION FEATURES Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “0” on our website. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with dc hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specifications page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Output Current Limit: If the output current exceeds the Output Current Limit threshold, the converter turns off. The converter then enters a ‘hiccup mode’ where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart. Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. Total DC Variation of VOUT: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of VOUT, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 12 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Application Circuits: Figure D provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming. Vin(+) Vin Vsense(+) Electrolytic Capacitor External Input Filter Vout(+) Trim ON/OFF Vsense(_) Vin(_) Rtrim-up or Rtrim-down Cload Iload Vout(_) Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled). Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the Input Characteristics section on the Electrical Characteristics page. More detailed information is available in the application note titled “EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website. Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for approximately 200 ms when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this generates a 5 Hz “hiccup mode,” which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are six ways that the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period: • Input Under-Voltage Lockout • Output Over-Voltage Protection • Over Temperature Shutdown L • Current Limit Vin(+) • Short Circuit Protection • Turned off by the ON/OFF input C Vin(_) Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on the specifications page). Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 13 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2: At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed. Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVLO threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVLO threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on. When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical Turn-On Time. Vin Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Threshold ON/OFF (neg logic) ON OFF ON OFF ON 35ms (typical Vout turn on time) 2ms (typical power-up inhibit period) t1 t0 200ms 200ms t t2 Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale) Product # PQ60015SMx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 14 Technical Specification PQ60015SMx25 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM ORDERING INFORMATION The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance. PQ 6 0 01 5 S M L 2 5 N R S - G 6/6 RoHS Options (see Ordering Information) Output Current Thermal Design Performance Level Model Number Input Voltage Output Voltage Max Output Current PQ60015SMw25yzS 35-75V 1.5V 25A The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Package Size Output Voltage Options Description: w x y z Input Voltage Thermal Design Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance. Application Notes A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. A - Open Frame L - Low Profile C - Encased with Threaded Baseplate Enable Logic Pin Style Feature Set N - Negative P - Positive K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" S - Standard Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options. PATENTS SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product: 5,999,417 6,594,159 6,927,987 7,119,524 6,222,742 6,731,520 7,050,309 7,269,034 6,545,890 6,894,468 7,072,190 7,272,021 6,577,109 6,896,526 7,085,146 7,272,023 Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # PQ60015SMx25 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 Warranty SynQor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0005218 Rev. C 06/28/11 Page 15