A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 NEW PRODUCT OFFLINE, HIGH PF, HIGH EFFICIENCY DIMMABLE LED DRIVER IC Description Features The AP1695 is a high performance AC/DC power factor corrector for mains dimmable LED driver applications. The device uses Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) technology to regulate output current while achieving high power factor and low THD. It operates as a BCM (Boundary Conduction Mode) which is good for EMI. The AP1695 internally integrates a 500V high voltage MOSFET which can realize a lower BOM cost. The AP1695 provides accurate constant current (CC) regulation while removing the opto-coupler and secondary control circuitry. It also eliminates the need of loop compensation circuitry while maintaining stability. It can meet the requirement of IEC6100-3-2 harmonic standard. The AP1695 features low start-up current, low operation current. It adopts valley on switching mode to achieve high efficiency. It also has rich protection features including over voltage, short circuit, over temperature protection. Boundary Conduction Mode (BCM) Operation to Achieve Highefficiency High PF and Low THD (PF>0.9, THD<30%) High Efficiency without Dimmer Wide Range of Dimmer Compatibility Dimming Curve Compliant with NEMA SSL6 Low Start-up Current Tight LED Current Tight LED Open Voltage Valley-mode Switching to Minimize the Transition Loss Internal Integrated 2A/500V MOSFET can Cover up to 10W Easy EMI Internal Protections: Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) Leading-edge Blanking (LEB) Output Short Protection Output Open Protection Over Temperature Protection Flexible for Design with Small Form Factor and Very Low BOM Cost Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) The AP1695 provides the dimmable LED driver with a wide dimmer compatibility including leading edge and trailing edge dimmer. The AP1695 can achieve deep dimming down to 1%, while the dimming curve is compliant with the standard of NEMA SSL6. The AP1695 is available in SO-7 package. Applications Pin Assignments Mains Dimmable LED Lighting (Top View) S 1 7 Drain CS 2 RI 3 6 VCC GND 4 5 FB SO-7 Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 1 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Typical Applications Circuit RF L BD1 L1 LED+ R9 F1 N R3 R2 C1 TVS1 NEW PRODUCT C2 R10 D2 Q2 ZD1 + C4 T1 LED- D1 R4 C3 U1 6 R5 R1 3 R6 4 VCC 7 Drain FB AP1695 5 RI S GND CS 1 R7 2 R8 Typical Buck Application RF L BD1 D2 L1 LED+ R9 F1 R3 N TVS1 T1 R11 C5 R2 C1 R10 C2 Q2 D3 + C4 ZD1 LED- D1 R4 C3 U1 6 VCC 5 R1 R6 3 4 FB RI GND Drain AP1695 R5 7 S CS 1 2 R7 R8 Typical Fly-back Application AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 2 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Typical Applications Circuit (Cont.) RF L BD1 L1 LEDF1 R9 N TVS1 R3 R2 C1 T1 NEW PRODUCT C2 R10 Q2 ZD1 + C4 D2 LED+ R4 D1 C3 U1 6 R5 VCC R1 R6 3 4 FB RI Drain AP1695 5 GND S CS 7 1 R7 2 R8 Typical Buck-boost Application Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 S 2 CS Current sensing 3 RI Setting the initial on time 4 GND 5 FB 6 VCC Supply voltage of gate driver and control circuits of the IC. 7 Drain Internal MOSFET’s Drain AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 Function Internal MOSFET’s Source Ground The feedback voltage from auxiliary winding 3 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Functional Block Diagram VCC 6 Vdd Power_EN Vref NEW PRODUCT FB RI 5 PRO Protection & Latch CS_OCP FB_CV FB_OVP VCC_OVP 7 Tons Detector 3 Regulator & Bias Tons Set Initial Tonp CC_CTRL S PFM Logic Q TONP_CTRL Vcs_valley Driver R Vcsmax 1 CS 2 Drain Constant Turn-on Time Generation S 4 GND Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4) (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Rating Unit VCC Power Supply Voltage -0.3 to 35 V IOUT Driver Output Current 150 mA VCS Voltage at CS to GND -0.3 to 7 V VFB FB Input Voltage -40 to 10 V VDrain Voltage On Drain 500 V ID Continue Drain Current TC = +25oC 2.5 A TJ Operating Junction Temperature -40 to +150 °C TSTG Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C TLEAD Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) +300 °C PD Power Dissipation (TA = +50C) 0.65 W θJA Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) 160 °C/W – ESD (Human Body Model) ±2000 V – ESD (Machine Model) ±200 V Note 4: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 4 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Max Unit VCC Power Supply Voltage 7 25 V TA Ambient Temperature -40 +105 °C Electrical Characteristics NEW PRODUCT Min (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit UVLO Section VTH (ST) VOPR (Min) VCC_OVP – Start-up Threshold – 13 14.5 16 V Minimum Operating Voltage After turn on 5.5 6.5 7.5 V VCC OVP Voltage – 27 29 31 V VCC Delatch Voltage (Note 5) – 3 4 5 V – – 20 µA Standby Current Section IST VCC = VTH (ST)-0.5V, Start-up Current Before start up Operating Current Static – 900 1300 µA Current Sense Reference – – 1 – V – 1.2 1.4 – V Minimum tONP – 700 – 1000 ns Delay to Output (Note 5) – 50 150 250 ns Feedback Pin Input Leakage Current VFB = 2V – – 4 µA VFB_CV FB CV Threshold – 3.8 4 4.2 V VFB_OVP FB OVP Threshold – 4.5 6 7.5 V RDS(ON) Drain-Source On-State Resistance VGS = 10V, ID = 1.25A – – 6 Ω VBR(Drain) Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage VGS = 0V, ID = 250µA 500 – – V Drain-Source Leakage Current VDS = 500V, VGS = 0V – – 1 µA System Output Current On Final Test Board – – – ±2 % ICC (OPR) Current Sense Section VCS_REF VCS_CLAMP tONP_MIN tD(H-L) Current Sense Reference Clamp Feedback Input Section IFB Internal MOSFET Section IDSS Output Current – Over Temperature Protection Section – Shutdown Temperature (Note 5) – +150 – – °C – Temperature Hysteresis (Note 5) – – +20 – °C Note 5: These parameters, although guaranteed by design, are not 100% tested in production. . AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 5 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Performance Characteristics CV Threshold vs. Supply Voltage Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 16.0 4.2 15.5 4.1 Start-up Voltage (V) CV Threshold (V) 3.9 3.8 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 3.7 12.5 3.6 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 12.0 -40 28 -20 0 Supply Voltage (V) 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Minimal Operating Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature 2.0 7.2 7.1 1.8 Minimal Operating Voltage (V) 7.0 Start-up Current (A) 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.5 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 6.4 0.8 6.3 6.2 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.6 -40 o -20 0 Ambient Temperature ( C) 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature CV Threshold vs. Ambient Temperature 4.50 1000 4.25 CV Threshold (V) 900 Operating Current (A) NEW PRODUCT 15.0 4.0 800 700 4.00 3.75 3.50 600 3.25 500 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 3.00 -40 o Ambient Temperature ( C) AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) 6 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Performance Characteristics (Cont.) FB Leakage Current vs. Ambient Temperature Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage 2.25 1000 800 Supply Current (A) FB Leakage Current (A) NEW PRODUCT 2.00 1.75 1.50 1.25 600 400 200 1.00 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 0 o Ambient Temperature ( C) AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Supply Voltage (V) 7 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Application Information Based on Buck Structure The AP1695 uses constant on time control method within one AC cycle to achieve the high power factor. When the dimmer is connected to the driver, although a part of input voltage is cut off by the dimmer, the system still operates as constant on time mode, in this way good dimmer compatibility can be realized. RF L BD1 L1 LED+ R9 F1 N NEW PRODUCT TVS1 R3 R2 C1 C2 R10 D2 Q2 ZD1 + C4 T1 LED- D1 R4 C3 U1 6 R5 VCC R1 R6 3 4 Drain FB RI GND AP1695 5 S CS 7 1 2 R7 R8 Figure 1. Typical Buck Application Circuit When the dimmer is connected, and the conduction angle of the dimmer is can be got as below: , according to the control principle of the IC, the output current 1 Vcs _ ref sin( ) if（ ） 1 I o ( , ) I pk ( , ) 2 R8 2 0 else In consider of the dead zone of the buck structure, the output current DC value can be calculated as below: I o _ mean k 1 0 I o ( , )d Where, Vcs _ ref is the reference of the current sense, and the typical value is 1V. is the cut off angle of dimmer. is the phase of the input voltage. k is the current modification coefficient , and the value is approximate to be 0.7. When no dimmer is connected with the driver ( I o _ mean k 0 ), the output current DC value can be got as: 1 Vcs_ref R8 AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 8 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Application Information Based on Buck Structure (Cont.) Design Parameters Setting the Current Sense Resistor R8 According to the equation of the output current, the current sense resistor R8 is determined: NEW PRODUCT R8 k Vcs _ ref I o _ mean Transformer Selection The typical non-isolated buck circuit in Figure 1 is usually selected, and the system is operating at boundary conduction mode. The switching frequency at the crest is set as fmin, the inductance can be calculated as below: L ( 2 Vin _ rms Vo ) R8 Vo Vcs _ ref 2 Vin _ rms f min Where, Vo is the output voltage. Vin _ rms is the RMS value of the input voltage. According to Ferrari's law of electromagnetic induction, the winding turns number of the buck inductance NL is: NL L i pk Ae Bm L Vcs _ ref Ae Bm R8 Where, Ae is the core effective area. Bm is the maximum magnetic flux density. The auxiliary winding is power supply for VCC, the winding turns number Naux is: N aux N L Vcc Vo Vd Where, VCC is the power supply voltage for IC from auxiliary winding. Vd is the voltage drop of the freewheel diode. Setting the Initial On Time As the AP1695 adopts constant on time control method, the AP1695 will generate an initial on time to start a working cycle. If the initial on time is longer than the rated on time, overshoot will happen. The initial on time is determined by resister R1 shown in Figure 1. According to initial on time generation mechanism, the ton_initial is: ton _ initial 80 R11012 s To guarantee the system with no overshoot phenomenon, the resistor R1 is selected: AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 9 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Application Information Based on Buck Structure (Cont.) R1 1.25 L 1010 R8 2U in _ rms _ max In dimmable application, on the condition of the acceptable line regulation, the smaller R1 is selected will be better for dimming performance. NEW PRODUCT Valley On Control Method The valley on function can provide low turn-on switching losses for buck converter. The voltage across the power switch is reflected by the auxiliary winding of the buck transformer. The voltage is sensed by FB pin. FB 0.1V Valley 1µs Figure 2. Valley On Control According to Figure 2, when the falling edge of 0.1V is sensed by FB pin, the AP1695 will see the toff time is over and delay 1µs to start a new operating cycle. By this way we can realize valley on function. Passive Damping and Bleeder Design The passive bleeder is designed to supply latching and holding current to eliminate misfire and flicker. L RF Passive Bleeding L1 Damping DB1 R9 C1 N F1 C2 Figure 3. LED Driver Schematic with Passive Bleeder A passive bleeder is composed of a resister (R9) and a capacitor (C2). C1 is input filter capacitor and RF is damper resistor. The passive bleeder includes a capacitor (C2, hundreds of nF) to provide latching current. To remove the voltage and current spike, a resistor (R9) is necessary to dampen the spike. In dimmable application, because a large C2 will affect the PF, THD and efficiency, the value of the capacitor (C2) should be selected suitable. Generally, 100nF/400V to 330nF/400V is recommended. RF is the damper for reducing the spike current caused by quick charging of C2 at firing. RF is selected from 20Ω to 100Ω for low line application, and 51Ω to 200Ω for high line application. If R9 is too small, R9 can’t fully dampen the spike current and ringing current will occur. The ringing current will cause the TRIAC misfire which will cause LED flicking. Another consideration in R9 selection is power loss, too large R9 will make more power dissipation. Generally, a 200Ω to 2KΩ resistor is selected for R9. AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 10 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Application Information Based on Buck Structure (Cont.) Fault Protection Over Voltage Protection and Output Open Protection VCC NEW PRODUCT RFB1 FB RFB2 AP1695 Figure 4. OVP Circuit The output voltage is sensed by the auxiliary winding voltage of the Buck transformer, the VCC pin and FB pin provide over voltage protection function. When the output is open or large transient happens, the output voltage will exceed the rated value. When the voltage of V cc cap exceeds VCC_OVP or VFB_CV, the over voltage is triggered and the IC will discharge V CC. When the VCC is below the UVLO threshold voltage, IC will start a new work cycle and the Vcc cap is charged again by start resistance. If the over voltage condition still exists, the system will work in hiccup mode. Attention: If the external fast startup circuit is adding in the application and the over voltage protection and output open protection happen, the IC will trigger latch. Output Short Protection When the output is shorted, the output voltage will be clamped at 0. At this condition, V CC will drop down without auxiliary winding for power supply. And the VCC will drop to UVLO threshold voltage, the IC will shut down and restart a new operating cycle, and the V CC is charged by startup resistance. When VCC is higher than Vcc_start voltage, IC will output a bunch of pulse to control power switch on and off. When still no FB signal detected the device will not output more pulse. So the VCC will drop to VCC UVLO threshold again. If output short condition still exists, the system will operate in hiccup mode. Attention: If the external fast startup circuit is adding in the application, the device will not work at UVLO mode, and the device will work at minimum toff mode. Over Temperature Protection AP1695 has two kinds of over temperature protection processes. First, the system is operating normally, the ambient temperature is changed to +170°C suddenly, the IC will trigger over temperature protection which leads to a latch work mode. Second, if the system starts when the ambient temperature is higher than +150°C, over temperature protection will be triggered. So the AP1695 can startup successfully when the ambient temperature is less than +150°C. Recommended Applications The AP1695 is a device which internally integrates a MOSFET, the output current is limited by the internal integrated MOSFET, using this device can cover up to 10W’s application meanwhile the output current is less than 200mA in buck structure. Components Selection Guide If the system’s spec is changed, please refer to the design sheet of the AP1695 and select the compatible system parameter. When the system needs to be adjusted slightly, please refer to the table below and adjust the value of the related component. Item Description Related Components Output current R8 Small current ripple is good for LED life C4 ton_initial System initial on time, used to startup the system R1 Output Open Voltage Setting the output voltage when the LED is open R5, R6 Dimming Performance Improve the dimming performance IO Output Current Ripple EMI Line Compensation AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 Pass EN 55022 class B with 6DB margin To get a good line regulation 11 of 15 www.diodes.com R1, RF, R9, C2, C4 L1, C1 R7 June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Ordering Information AP1695 X XX – XX NEW PRODUCT Product Name RoHS/Green Package Packing M : SO-7 TR : Tape & Reel G1 : Green Diodes IC’s Pb-free products with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green. Package Temperature Range Part Number Marking ID Packing SO-7 -40°C to +105°C AP1695MTR-G1 1695M-G1 4000/13’’Tape & Reel Marking Information (Top View) 1695 M-G1 YWWAXX AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 First and Second Lines: Logo and Marking ID Third Line: Date Code Y: Year WW: Work Week of Molding A: Assembly House Code th th XX: 7 and 8 Digits of Batch No. 12 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm (inch).) (1) Package Type: SO-7 5.800(0.228) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) NEW PRODUCT 6.200(0.244) 0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020) 2.54(0.100) TYP 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 1.270(0.050) TYP 0.100(0.004) 0.250(0.010) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 0.190(0.007) 0.250(0.010) 0° 8° 1.250(0.049) 1.500(0.059) 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 13 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 Suggested Pad Layout NEW PRODUCT (1) Package Type: SO-7 G Z E1 Y X E Dimensions Z (mm)/(inch) G (mm)/(inch) X (mm)/(inch) Y (mm)/(inch) E (mm)/(inch) E1 (mm)/(inch) Value 6.900/0.272 3.900/0.154 0.650/0.026 1.500/0.059 1.270/0.050 2.540/0.100 AP1695 Document number: DS37312 Rev. 1 - 2 14 of 15 www.diodes.com June 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP1695 IMPORTANT NOTICE NEW PRODUCT DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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