MIC2776 Micrel, Inc. MIC2776 Micro-Power Low Voltage Supervisor General Description Features The MIC2776 is a power supply supervisor which provides under-voltage monitoring and power-on reset generation in a compact 5-pin SOT package. Features include an adjustable under-voltage detector, a delay-generator, a manual reset input, and a choice of active-high, active-low, or open-drain active-low reset output. The user-adjustable monitoring input is compared against a 300mV reference. This low reference voltage allows monitoring voltages lower than those supported by previous supervisor ICs. The reset output is asserted for no less than 140ms at poweron and any time the input voltage drops below the reference voltage. It remains asserted for the timeout period after the input voltage subsequently rises back above the threshold boundary. A reset can be generated at any time by asserting the manual reset input, /MR. The reset output will remain active at least 140ms after the release of /MR. The /MR input can also be used to daisy-chain the MIC2776 onto existing power monitoring circuitry or other supervisors. Hysteresis is included to prevent chattering due to noise. Typical supply current is a low 3.0µA. • User-adjustable input can monitor supplies as low as 0.3V • ±1.5% threshold accuracy • Separate VDD input • Generates power-on reset pulse (140ms min.) • Manual reset input • Choice of active-high, active-low or open-drain activelow reset output • Inputs can be pulled above VDD (7V abs. max.) • Open-drain output can be pulled above VDD (7V abs. max.) • Ultra-low supply current, 3.0µA typical • Rejects brief input transients • IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package Typical Application Applications • • • • • • • • VCORE 1.0V VI/O 2.5V Power_Good R1 MIC2776L VDD /RST IN Monitoring processor, ASIC, or FPGA core voltage Computer systems PDAs/Hand-held PCs Embedded controllers Telecommunications systems Power supplies Wireless / cellular systems Networking hardware MICROPROCESSOR VCORE VI/O /RESET GND R2 /MR GND Manual Reset IttyBitty™ is a trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel, Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com November 2005 1 MIC2776 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc Ordering Information Part Number Reset Output Temperature Range Package UKAA Open-Drain, Active-Low / RST –40ºC to +85ºC SOT-23-5 ULAA Active-High, Complementary RST –40ºC to +85ºC SOT-23-5 UMAA Active-Low, Complementary /RST –40ºC to +85ºC SOT-23-5 Standard Marking Pb-Free Marking MIC2776N-BM5 UKAA MIC2776N-YM5 MIC2776H-BM5 ULAA MIC2776H-YM5 MIC2776L-BM5 UMAA MIC2776L-YM5 Pin Configuration /MR GND /RST /MR GND RST 3 2 3 1 4 5 IN VDD 2 1 4 5 IN VDD SOT-23-5 (M5) “L” and “N” Version SOT-23-5 (M5) “H” Version Pin Description Pin Number MIC2776H Pin Number MIC2776L MIC2776N 1 Pin Name Pin Function RST Digital (Output): Asserted high whenever VIN falls below the reference voltage. It will remain asserted for no less than 140ms after VIN returns above the threshold limit. 1 /RST Digital (Output): Asserted low whenever VIN falls below the reference voltage. It will remain asserted for no less than 140ms after VIN returns above the threshold limit. (open-drain for “N” version) 2 2 GND Ground 3 3 /MR 4 4 IN Digital (Input): Driving this pin low initiates an immediate and unconditional reset. Assuming IN is above the threshold when /MR is released (returns high), the reset output will be de-asserted no less than 140ms later. /MR may be driven by a logic signal or a mechanical switch. /MR has an internal pull-up to VDD and may be left open if unused. 5 5 VDD MIC2776 Analog (Input): The voltage on this pin is compared to the internal 300mV reference. An under-voltage condition will trigger a reset sequence. Analog (Input): Independent supply input for internal circuitry. 2 November 2005 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings (Note 2) Supply Voltage (VDD).......................................–0.3V to +7V Input Voltages (VIN, V/MR) ...............................–0.3V to +7V RST, (/RST) Current .................................................. 20mA Storage Temperature (TS) ........................ –65°C to +150°C ESD Rating, Note 3 .................................................... 1.5kV Supply Voltage (VDD) .................................. +1.5V to +5.5V Input Voltages (VIN, V/MR) ............................–0.3V to +6.0V Output Voltages V/RST (N version) ......................................–0.3V to +6.0V V/RST, VRST (H and L versions)........ –0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Ambient Temperature Range (TA) .............. –40°C to +85°C Package Thermal Resistance (θJA) ....................... 256°C/W Electrical Characteristics VDD = 3.3V; TA = +25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C; unless noted Symbol Parameter Condition IDD Supply Current VDD = VIN = 3.3V; /MR, RST, /RST open VREF Under-Voltage Threshold IIN Input Current IN, UNDER-VOLTAGE DETECTOR INPUT VHYST Hysteresis Voltage RESET OUTPUTS (/RST, RST) tPROP Propagation Delay tRST Reset Pulse Width VOL VOH RST or /RST Output Voltage Low RST or /RST Output Voltage High (H and L Version Only) MANUAL RESET INPUTS (/MR) VIH Input High Voltage tPROP Propagation Delay IPU Internal Pull-Up Current VIL tMIN IIN Input Low Voltage Minimum Input Pulse Width Input Current, /MR Min µA 305 mV 3 mv 5 pA nA 20 140 ISINK = 1.6mA; VDD ≥ 1.6V ISINK = 100µA; VDD ≥ 1.2V, Note 4 Units 10 µs 280 ms 0.3 V 0.3 V ISOURCE = 500µA; VDD ≥ 1.5V 0.8VDD V ISOURCE = 10µA; VDD ≥ 1.2V, Note 4 0.8VDD V 1.5V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V 0.7VDD V 1.5V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V V/MR < VIL Reset Occurs, V/MR < VIL V/MR < VIL Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. Note 4. VDD operating range is 1.5V to 5.5V. Output is guaranteed to be asserted down to VDD = 1.2V. November 2005 300 TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX VIN = (VREF(MAX) + 100mV) to VIN = (VREF(MIN) – 100mV) Max 3.0 295 TA = 25°C Typ 3 5 0.3VDD V µs 33 ns 100 nA 100 nA MIC2776 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc Timing Diagram VDD 0V A VHYST A VIN VREF 0V V/MR VOH VOL VRST VOH VOL V/RST VOH VOL >tmin tRST tRST tRST tRST Propagation delays not shown for clarity. Note A. MIC2776 The MIC2776 ignores very brief transients. See “Applications Information” for details. 4 November 2005 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc. Functional Diagram VDD IPU /MR IN Delay One Shot R Q S /Q /RST* RST* VREF GND MIC2776 * Pinout and polarity vary by device type. See ordering information table. Functional Description The reset outputs are asserted any time /MR is asserted or if VIN drops below the threshold voltage. The reset outputs remain asserted for tRST(min) after VIN subsequently returns above the threshold boundary and /MR is released. A reset pulse is also generated at power-on. /MR, Manual Reset Input The ability to initiate a reset via external logic or a manual switch is provided in addition to the MIC2776’s automatic supervisory functions. Driving the /MR input to a logic low causes an immediate and unconditional reset to occur. Assuming VIN is within tolerance when /MR is released (returns high), the reset output will be de-asserted no less than tRST later. /MR may be driven by a logic signal, or mechanical switch. Typically, a momentary push-button switch is connected such that /MR is shorted to ground when the switch contacts close. The switch may be connected directly between /MR and GND. /MR has an internal 100nA pull-up current to VDD and may be left open if unused. IN, Under-Voltage Detector Input The voltage present at the IN pin is compared to the internal 300mV reference voltage. A reset is triggered if and when VIN falls below VREF. Typically, a resistor divider is used to scale the input voltage to be monitored such that VIN will fall below VREF as the voltage being monitored falls below the desired trip-point. Hysteresis is employed to prevent chattering due to noise. RST, /RST Reset Output Typically, the MIC2776 is used to monitor the power supply of intelligent circuits such as microcontrollers and microprocessors. By connecting the reset output of a MIC2776 to the reset input of a µC or µP, the processor will be properly reset at power-on and during power-down and brown-out conditions. In addition, asserting /MR, the manual reset input, will activate the reset function. November 2005 5 MIC2776 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc Application Information To summarize, the various potential error sources are: • Variation in VREF: specified at ±1.5% • Resistor tolerance: chosen by designer (typically ≤ ±1%) • Input bias current, IIN: calculated once resistor values are known, typically very small Programming the Voltage Threshold Referring to the “Typical Application Circuit”, the voltage threshold is calculated as follows: VTH = VREF × (R1+ R2) R2 where VREF = 0.300V In order to provide the additional criteria needed to solve for the resistor values, the resistors can be selected such that the two resistors have a given total value, that is, R1 + R2 = RTOTAL. Imposing this condition on the resistor values provides two equations that can be solved for the two unknown resistor values. A value such as 1MΩ for RTOTAL is a reasonable choice since it keeps quiescent current to a generally acceptable level while not causing any measurable errors due to input bias currents. The larger the resistors, the larger the potential errors due to input bias current (IIN). The maximum recommended value of RTOTAL is 3MΩ. Applying this criteria and rearranging the VTH expression to solve for the resistor values gives: R2 = Taking the various potential error sources into account, the threshold voltage will be set slightly below the minimum VCORE specification of 0.950V so that when the actual threshold voltage is at its maximum, it will not intrude into the normal operating range of VCORE. The target threshold voltage will be set as follows: Given that the total tolerance on VTH is [VREF tolerance] + [resistor tolerance] = ±1.5% + ±1% = ±2.5%, and VTH(max) = VCORE(min), then VCORE(min) = VTH + 2.5% VTH = 1.025 VTH, therefore, solving for VTH results in VCORE(min) 0.950 = 0.9268V VTH = = 1.025 1.025 (RTOTAL )( VREF ) Solving for R1 and R2 using this value for VTH and the equations above yields: R1 = 676.3kΩ ≈ 673kΩ R2 = 323.7kΩ ≈ 324kΩ The resulting circuit is shown in Figure 1. Input Bias Current Effects Now that the resistor values are known, it is possible to calculate the maximum potential error due to input bias current, IIN. As shown in the “Electrical Characteristics” table, the maximum value of IIN is 10nA. (Note that the typical value is a much smaller 5pA!) The magnitude of the offset caused by IIN is given by: VERROR = IIN(max) × (R1||R2) = VERROR = ±1 × 10-8A × 2.189 ×105Ω = VERROR = ±2.189 × 10-3V = VERROR = ±2.189mV VTH R1 = RTOTAL – R2 Application Example Figure 1 below illustrates a hypothetical MIC2776 application in which the MIC2776 is used to monitor the core supply of a high-performance CPU or DSP. The core supply, VCORE, in this example is 1.0V ±5%. The main power rail and I/O voltage, VI/O, is 2.5V ±5%. As shown in Figure 1, the MIC2776 is powered by VI/O. The minimum value of VI/O is 2.5V –5% = 2.375V; the maximum is 2.5V +5% = 2.625V. This is well within the MIC2776’s power supply range of 1.5V to 5.5V. Resistors R1 and R2 must be selected to correspond to the VCORE supply of 1.0V. The goal is to insure that the core supply voltage is adequate to insure proper operation, i.e., VCORE ≥ (1.0V –5%) = 0.950V. Because there is always a small degree of uncertainty due to the accuracy of the resistors, variations in the devices’ voltage reference, etc., the threshold will be set slightly below this value. The potential variation in the MIC2776’s voltage reference is specified as ±1.5%. The resistors chosen will have their own tolerance specification. This example will assume the use of 1% accurate resistors. The potential worst-case error contribution due to input bias current can be calculated once the resistor values are chosen. If the guidelines above regarding the maximum total value of R1+R2 are followed, this error contribution will be very small thanks to the MIC2776’s very low input bias current. MIC2776 The typical error is about three orders of magnitude lower than this - close to one microvolt! Generally, the error due to input bias can be discounted. If it is to be taken into account, simply adjust the target threshold voltage downward by this amount and recalculate R1 and R2. The resulting value will be very close to optimum. If accuracy is more important than the quiescent current in the resistors, simply reduce the value of RTOTAL to minimize offset errors. 6 November 2005 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc. VCORE 1.0V 5% VI/O 2.5V 5% R1 676k 1% MIC2776 VDD /RST IN R2 324k 1% /MR Ensuring Proper Operation at Low Supply At levels of VDD below 1.2V, the MIC2776L’s /RST output driver cannot turn on sufficiently to produce a valid logic-low on the /RST output. In this situation, other circuits driven by /RST could be allowed to float, causing undesired operation. (In most cases, however, it is expected that the circuits driven by the MIC2776L will be similarly inoperative at VDD ≤ 1.2V.) If a given application requires that /RST be valid below VDD = 1.2V, this can be accomplished by adding a pull-down resistor to the /RST output. A value of 100kΩ is recommended as this is usually an acceptable compromise of leakage current and pull-down current. The resistor’s value is not critical, however. See Figure 4. The statements above also apply to the MIC2776H’s RST output. That is, to ensure valid RST signal levels at VDD < 1.2V, a pull-up resistor (as opposed to a pull-down) should be added to the RST output. A value of 100kΩ is typical for this application as well. See Figure 5. MICROPROCESSOR VCORE VI/O /RESET GND GND Manual Reset Figure 1. MIC2776 Example Design Interfacing to Processors With Bidirectional Reset Pins Some microprocessors have reset signal pins that are bidirectional, rather than input only. The Motorola 68HC11 family is one example. Because the MIC2776N’s output is open-drain, it can be connected directly to the processor’s reset pin using only the pull-up resistor normally required. See Figure 2. MIC2776N VDD /RST MICROPROCESSOR VCC MICROPROCESSOR VCC VCC VCC 100k R1 /RESET GND R1 R2 IN R2 /MR MIC2776L VDD /RST IN /MR GND /RESET GND 100k Rpull-down GND Manual Reset Figure 2. Interfacing to Bidirectional Reset Pin Figure 4. MIC2776L Valid /Reset Below 1.2V Transient Response The MIC2776 is inherently immune to very short negativegoing “glitches.” Very brief transients may exceed the voltage threshold without tripping the output. As shown in Figure 3, the narrower the transient, the deeper the threshold overdrive that will be ignored by the MIC2776. The graph represents the typical allowable transient duration for a given amount of threshold overdrive that will not generate a reset. MICROPROCESSOR VCC VCC R1 MIC2776H VDD RST IN RESET GND R2 /MR Typical INPUT Transient Response 40 100k Rpull-up GND Manual Reset 35 30 Figure 5. MIC2776H Valid Reset Below 1.2V 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 RESET COMP. OVERDRIVE, VREF–VIN (mV) Figure 3. Typical INPUT Transient Response November 2005 7 MIC2776 MIC2776 Micrel, Inc Package Information SOT-23-5 (M5) MICREL INC. TEL 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com This information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2000 Micrel, Inc. MIC2776 8 November 2005