AP3127 H

AP3127/H
GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER
Description
Pin Assignments
NEW PRODUCT
The AP3127/H is a current mode PWM controller which is optimized
for high performance, low standby power and cost effective offline
flyback converters. The AP3127/H coordinating with Diodes’
secondary side controller AP4320 and protocol decoding IC AP4370
provide a Flyback charger/adapter solution compatible to Qualcomm
Quick Charge 2.0 protocol.
(Top View)
Pin 1 Mark
The PWM switching frequency at normal operation is internally fixed
(about 65kHz for AP3127 and 100kHz for AP3127H). In middle load,
the IC will enter green mode to improve system efficiency with the
help of frequency foldback. A minimum switching frequency (about
20kHz) is set to avoid the audible noise. In no load or light load, the
IC will enter the burst mode to minimize standby power. Furthermore,
the frequency dithering function is built-in to reduce EMI emission.
Internal slope compensation allows more stable Peak-Current Mode
control over wide range of input voltage and load conditions. Internal
line compensation ensures constant output power limit over entire
universal line voltage range.
GND
1
6
GATE
FB
2
5
VCC
SOVP/UVP
3
4
SENSE
Comprehensive protection features are included, such as cycle-bycycle current limit (OCP), VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP),
internal OTP, Over Load Protection (OLP) and pins’ fault protection.
AP3127/H combines secondary side OVP (SOVP) and UVP.
Features















Very Low Start-up Current
Current Mode Control
Non-audible-noise Green-mode Control
Internal Slope Compensation
Soft Start During Startup Process
Frequency Fold Back for High Average Efficiency
Secondary Winding Short Protection with FOCP
Soft Switching for Reducing EMI
VCC Maintain Mode
Useful Pin Fault Protection:
SENSE Pin Floating
FB/Opto-coupler Open/Short
Comprehensive System Protection Feature:
VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP)
Over Load Protection (OLP)
Secondary Side OVP (SOVP) and UVP
Mini Size Package of SOT26
Totally Lead-free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)
Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)
Notes:
SOT26
Applications





Quick Charger
Switching AC-DC Adapter/Charger
ATX/BTX Auxiliary Power
Set-top Box (STB) Power Supply
Open Frame Switching Power Supply
1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.
2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green"
and Lead-free.
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds.
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Typical Applications Circuit
USB Port
F1
L1
Xcap
R1
DL2
AC
MOV
T1
R2
CE5
CE7
D1~D4
NTC1
C4
CE2
CE1
R11
R27
C8
D+
R26
R12
GND
Q2
R 25
U6
R10
NEW PRODUCT
VOUT
D7
R16
D6
R14
R17
6
AREF GND
AR345
5
2
DRISR CCM
1
R15
3 VDET VCC 4
D8
ICTRL
D5
C5
CE4
CE3
R13
R20
U4
D8
R7
CY1
5
VCC
GATE
R6
6
3
SOVP/
UVP
SENSE
3
6
VCC
C7
R5
R4/1
R4/2
R4/3
GND
D+
V1
V2
3
1
5
R24
VSENSE
VOUT
ICTRL
C9
5
U2
D-
AP4370
1
GND
R18
R8
2
VCC
AP4320
2
2
4
6
C6
C1
FB
VCTRL
4
AP 3127/H
R23
C10
U3
R17
R3
U1
R22
R21
Q1
GND
1
4
ICTRL
C2
R9
R19
C11
C Y2
Pin Descriptions
Pin Number
Pin Name
1
GND
2
FB
3
SOVP/UVP
4
SENSE
5
VCC
Supply voltage of driver and control circuits
6
GATE
Gate driver output
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
Function
Signal ground. Current return for driver and control circuits
Feedback. Directly connected to the opto-coupler
Sense pin for secondary side OVP and UVP
Current Sense
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AP3127/H
Functional Block Diagram
VCC
16V
7.6V
5
VDD
Internal
Bias
UVLO
Auto
Recovery
Protection
VCC_OVP
OLP
FOCP
SOVP
NEW PRODUCT
32V
Latch-off
Protection
Internal OTP
28V
VCC
VCC_OVP
UVP
Driver
13V
6
GATE
VDD
FB
Soft
Start
2
SS
D
OSC with
Frequency
Jitter
Q
DFF
CLK RB
0.3V
2R
GND
1.3V
90mS OLP
Debounce
1
4V
250ns LEB
R
SS
SOVP
3
SOVP
/UVP
PWM
0.95V
1.80V
UVP
FOCP
4
5V
SENSE
0.95V
Line
Compensation
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
OCP
OTP
o
o
+150 C/+125 C
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AP3127/H
September 2015
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AP3127/H
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4)
Symbol
VCC
IO
NEW PRODUCT
VFB, VSENSE, VSOVP/UVP
Parameter
Rating
Unit
Power Supply Voltage
33
V
Gate Output Current
350
mA
-0.3 to 7
V
Input Voltage to FB, SENSE,SOVP/UVP
θJA
Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)
250
°C/W
PD
Power Dissipation at TA < +25°C
500
mW
TJ
Operating Junction Temperature
-40 to +150
°C
Storage Temperature Range
+150
°C
–
ESD (Human Body Model)
3000
V
–
ESD (Machine Model)
300
V
TSTG
Note 4: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
VCC
Parameter
Supply Voltage
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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Min
Max
Unit
10
28
V
September 2015
© Diodes Incorporated
AP3127/H
Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
–
1
5
μA
VFB=0V, CL=1nF
0.5
0.7
1
VFB=3V, CL=0nF
0.6
1.2
2.0
Supply Voltage (VCC Pin)
ISTARTUP
NEW PRODUCT
ICC
Startup Current
–
Operating Supply Current
mA
–
UVLO (on)
–
14.5
15.8
16.5
V
–
VCC Maintain
–
8.1
8.6
9.1
V
–
UVLO (off)
–
7.1
7.6
8
V
–
VCC OVP
–
29
30
31
V
PWM Section/Oscillator Section
–
Maximum Duty Cycle
–
70
75
80
%
–
Oscillation Frequency
AP3127,Central Frequency
60
65
70
kHz
–
Oscillation Frequency
AP3127H,Central Frequency
93
100
107
kHz
–
Green Mode Frequency
–
20
–
30
kHz
–
Frequency Temperature
Stability
-20°C to +125°C
(Note 5)
–
–
5
%
–
Frequency Voltage
Stability
VCC=12V to 30V
–
–
3
%
–
Frequency Dithering
–
±4
±6
±8
%
Current Sense Section (SENSE Pin)
VCS
Maximum SENSE Voltage
VFB=4.5V
0.9
0.95
0.98
V
–
FOCP Voltage
–
1.5
1.7
1.9
V
–
LEB Time of SENSE
–
150
250
350
ns
–
Delay to Output (Note 5)
–
–
100
–
ns
–
Soft-start Time
–
3
5
8
ms
–
2.5
3
3.5
V/V
12
15
18
kΩ
-0.2
-0.27
-0.34
mA
Feedback Input Section (FB Pin)
The Ratio of Input Voltage
–
to Current Sense Voltage
–
Input Impedance
–
–
Source Current
VFB=0V
–
Green Mode Threshold
–
–
2.3
–
V
–
Input Voltage for Zero
Duty
–
1.3
1.55
1.8
V
–
Output Low Level
IO=20mA, VCC=12V
–
–
1
V
–
Output High Level
IO=20mA, VCC=12V
8
–
–
V
–
Output Clamping Voltage
–
11
13
15
V
–
Rising Time
CL=1nF, VCC=13V
–
220
320
ns
–
Falling Time
CL=1nF, VCC=13V
–
50
100
ns
Output Section (GATE Pin)
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Protection Section (SOVP/UVP Pin)
–
OVP Reference Voltage
–
3.8
4
4.2
V
–
UVP Reference Voltage
–
0.925
0.95
0.975
V
Delay of Short Circuit
Protection
Delay of Hiccup Protection
(Note 5)
–
70
90
110
ms
VCC OVP
–
6
–
Cycles
–
OTP Enter (Note 5)
–
–
+150
–
°C
–
OTP Exit (Note 5)
–
–
+125
–
°C
Delay Time Section
NEW PRODUCT
–
–
Internal OTP Section
Note 5: Guaranteed by design.
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Performance Characteristics
18
9.0
17
8.5
Shutdown Voltage (V)
Startup Voltage (V)
Shutdown Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
16
15
14
8.0
7.5
7.0
13
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
6.5
-40
140
-20
0
o
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Startup Current vs. Ambient Temperature
Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature
2.0
0.9
1.8
VFB=3V, CL=0
1.6
Operating Current (mA)
0.8
Startup Current (A)
NEW PRODUCT
Startup Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.7
0.6
0.2
0.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.5
-40
o
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Tempture ( C)
PIN3 Utilization for SOVP/UVP
VCC
SOVP&UVP
SOVP and UVP
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Operation Description
The AP3127/H is specifically designed for off-line AC-DC power supply used in LCD monitor, notebook adapter and battery charger applications.
It offers a cost effective solution with a versatile protection function.
Start-up Current and UVLO
NEW PRODUCT
The start-up current of AP3127/H is optimized to realize ultra low current (1A typical) so that VCC capacitor can be charged more quickly. The
direct benefit of low start-up current is the availability of using large start-up resistor, which minimizes the resistor power loss for high voltage AC
input.
An UVLO comparator is included in AP3127/H to detect the voltage on VCC pin. It ensures that AP3127/H can draw adequate energy from holdup capacitor during power-on. The turn-on threshold is 16V and the turn-off threshold is 7.6V.
Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch
The AP3127/H operates as a current mode controller, the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and is terminated when
the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by
inserting a reference sense resistor RS. The inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin. The
relation between peak inductor current (IPK) and VFB is:
I PK  (VFB  0.8) / 3RS
Moreover, FOCP with 1.8V threshold is only about 100ns delay, which can avoid some catastrophic damages such as secondary rectifier short
test. Few drive cycles can alleviate the destruction range and get better protection.
Leading-edge Blanking
A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 250ns leadingedge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and
the gate driver can not be switched off.
At the time of turning off the MOSFET, a negative undershoot (maybe larger than -0.3V) can occur on the SENSE pin. So it is strongly
recommended to add a small RC filter or at least connect a resistor “R” on this pin to protect the IC (Shown as Figure 1).
5
VCC
3
SOVP/
GATE 6
UVP
Necessary
AP3127/H
1 GND
R
SENSE 4
FB
C
2
Large undershoot (more than
-0.3V) may damage the SENSE pin
Figure 1
Built-in Slope Compensation
It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation
can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that.
FB Pin and Short Circuit Protection
This pin is normally connected to the opto-coupler and always paralleled with a capacitor for loop compensation. When the voltage at this pin is
greater than 4.5V and lasts for about 90ms, the IC will enter the protection mode. For AP3127/H, the system will enter hiccup mode to wait the VCC
decreasing to low UVLO level, then the IC will try to restart until the failure removed. And when this voltage is less than 1.55V, the IC will stop the
drive pulse immediately. Therefore, this feature can be used for short circuit protection, which makes the system immune from damage. Normally,
output short makes the VFB value to the maximum because the opto-coupler is cut off.
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Operation Description (Cont.)
VCC Maintain Mode
NEW PRODUCT
During light load or step load, VFB will drop and be lower than 1.55V, thus the PWM drive signal will be stopped, and there is no more new energy
transferred due to no switching. Therefore, the IC supply voltage may reduce to the shutdown threshold voltage and system may enter the
unexpected restart mode. To avoid this, the AP3127/H holds a so-called VCC maintain mode which can supply energy to VCC.
When VCC decreases to a setting threshold, the VCC maintain comparator will output some drive signal to make the system switch and provide a
proper energy to VCC pin. The VCC maintain function will cooperate with the PWM and burst mode loop which can make the output voltage
variation be within the regulation. This mode is very useful for reducing startup resistor loss and achieving a better standby performance with a
low value VCC capacitor. The VCC is not easy to touch the shutdown threshold during the startup process and step load. This will also simplify the
system design. The minimum VCC voltage is suggested to be designed a little higher than V CC maintain threshold thus can achieve the best
balance between the standby and step load performance.
System Protection and Pin Fault Protection
The AP3127/H provides versatile system and pin fault protections. The OCP comparator realizes the cycle-by-cycle current limiting (OCP). In
universal input line voltage, the IC realizes the constant over load protection (OLP). VCC over voltage protection can be applied as the primary
OVP or opto-coupler broken protection. The AP3127/H also has pin fault connection protection including floating and short connection. The
floating pin protection includes the SENSE, FB, etc. The short pin protection includes the SOVP/UVP pin short protection. When these pins are
floated or SOVP/UVP pin is shorted to ground, PWM switching will be disabled, thus protecting the power system.
SOVP/UVP Protection Function
For some applications, the system requires the output over voltage and under voltage protection function. The SOVP/UVP pin compares the
divided voltage from the VCC winding with the inner threshold, when the voltage between R1 and R2 (as in Figure 2) is higher than 4V or lower
than 0.95V in switch turning off duration, AP3127/H will trigger SOVP or UVP function and the system will enter the Auto-recovery protection mode.
Since the value of VCC winding’s waveform reflects the output voltage precisely, the output OVP and UVP can be realized by this function.
D2 in Figure 2 is adopted to clamp the negative signal from VCC winding as a noise immunity solution.
Internal OTP Protection Function
The AP3127/H integrates an internal temperature sensor. It has a trigger window of entering OTP mode at +150°C and exiting at +125°C. The
internal OTP protection mode is auto-recovery mode.
D1
D2
R1
VCC
GATE
SOVP/
UVP
R2
SENSE
AP3127/H
FB
GND
Figure 2
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Ordering Information
AP3127X X XX - XX
NEW PRODUCT
Product Name
Package
Product Version
Package
Packing
H: AP3127H
Blank: AP3127
K : SOT26
TR : Tape & Reel
RoHS/Green
G1 : Green
Part Number
Marking ID
Packing
AP3127KTR-G1
GPH
3000/Tape & Reel
AP3127HKTR-G1
GSH
3000/Tape & Reel
SOT26
Marking Information
(Top View)
: Logo
XXX: Marking ID (See Ordering Information)
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).)
(1)
Package Type: SOT26
0°
2.820(0.111)
8°
3.100(0.122)
2.650(0.104)
3.000(0.118)
6
0.200(0.008)
5
4
2
3
0.300(0.012)
0.600(0.024)
1.500(0.059)
1.700(0.067)
NEW PRODUCT
0.300(0.012)
0.500(0.020)
Pin 1 Mark
1
0.700(0.028)REF
0.950(0.037)TYP
0.000(0.000)
0.150(0.006)
1.800(0.071)
2.000(0.079)
0.100(0.004)
0.200(0.008)
0.900(0.035) 1.450(0.057)
MAX
1.300(0.051)
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
Suggested Pad Layout
(1)
Package Type: SOT26
E
E
NEW PRODUCT
Y
G
Z
X
Dimensions
Z
(mm)/(inch)
G
(mm)/(inch)
X
(mm)/(inch)
Y
(mm)/(inch)
E
(mm)/(inch)
Value
3.600/0.142
1.600/0.063
0.700/0.028
1.000/0.039
0.950/0.037
AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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AP3127/H
IMPORTANT NOTICE
DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
(AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).
NEW PRODUCT
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes
without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or
trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall assume
all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated
website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel.
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and
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indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application.
Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings
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This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document is the
final and determinative format released by Diodes Incorporated.
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Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express
written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:
1. are intended to implant into the body, or
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and
acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any
use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related
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representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.
Copyright © 2015, Diodes Incorporated
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AP3127/H
Document number: DS37920 Rev. 2 - 2
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