ADP1821 Reference Design

Preliminary Technical Data
ADP1821 Reference Design
FCDC 00039
FEATURES
Two Output Voltages: 1.5 V, 1.2 V
Output Current: each 20 A
Input voltage: 12 V
DC plus Ripple <±2% of Output Voltage
Transient step ±5%, 5 to 15 A at 1 A/us
ADP1821 REFERENCE DESIGN DESCRIPTION
This ADP1821 Reference Design uses 12 V +5% -8%, for the input voltage. The output voltages and currents are as follows:
•
VOUT1 = 1.5 V with a maximum output current of 20 A
•
VOUT2 = 1.2 V with a maximum output current of 20 A
This ADP1821 Reference Design was configured for a lower parts count and to meet a specified output voltage ripple
(DC+Ripple ±2%) and transient (±5%, 5 to 15 A at 1 A/μs).
All of the results tested from the evaluation board were running at a switching frequency fSW = 300 kHz with VIN = 12 V,
VOUT1 = 1.5 V at up to 20 A and VOUT2 = 1.2 V at up to 20 A.
Other aspects of the design were tested (such as short circuit, loop stability, switching waveforms) and indicate a sufficient
design. The switching waveforms show no shoot through, and the ringing indicates no snubber is necessary.
One condition to note is that if the input supply is ramped up or down slowly with the PWM enabled, a period exists in
which the output of the supply will turn on and off multiple times. While this is non-destructive to the converter, it is likely
not ideal for the system. To avoid operation in this condition, bring the input voltage up to the normal operating range
before enabling the PWM, and disable the PWM before reducing the input voltage.
Rev. A
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implied, or statutory including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No license is granted by implication
or otherwise under any patents or other intellectual property by application or use of
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and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for
any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use.
Analog Devices reserves the right to change devices or specifications at any time
without notice. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their
respective owners. Reference designs are not authorized to be used in life support
devices or systems.
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www.analog.com
Tel: 781.329.4700
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©2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 1.
ADP1821 Demo Board
Rev. A | Page 2 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
ADP1821 Reference Design Description............................................................................................................................................... 1
Revision History........................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
General Description ................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Schematic ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Bill of Materials ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Powering the ADP1821 Reference Design ............................................................................................................................................ 8
Input Power Source .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Output Load .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Input and Output Voltmeters.............................................................................................................................................................. 8
Turning On the Evaluation Board ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Typical Performance Characteristics...................................................................................................................................................... 9
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1.
ADP1821 Demo Board ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2.
Schematic: 12 V ->1.5 V @ 20 A, 1.2 V @ 20 A .............................................................................................................. 5
Figure 3.
ADP1821 demo board efficiency for each output .......................................................................................................... 9
Figure 4.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @12.6 V .............................................................................................. 9
Figure 5.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V ......................................................................................... 10
Figure 6.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @11.04 V .......................................................................................... 10
Figure 7.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V ....................................................................................... 11
Figure 8.
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 5-15 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V ...................................................................... 11
Figure 9.
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 15-5 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V ....................................................................... 12
Figure 10.
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 5-15 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V..................................................................... 12
Figure 11.
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 15-5 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V..................................................................... 13
Figure 12.
Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable ........................................................... 13
Figure 13.
Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable ......................................................... 14
Figure 14.
Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable ............................................................. 14
Figure 15.
Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable ........................................................... 15
Figure 16.
Output Disable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable .......................................................... 15
Figure 17.
Output Disable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable ............................................................ 16
Figure 18.
Output Shorted; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12 V ........................................................................................ 16
Figure 19.
Output Short Removed; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12 V, ........................................................................ 17
Figure 20.
VIN Ramped On; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN ..................................................................................................... 17
Figure 21.
VIN Ramped On; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 10 A, Ch2 = VIN ................................................................................................... 18
Rev. A | Page 3 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 22.
VIN Ramped Off; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 23.
VIN Ramped Off; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 10 A, Ch2 = VIN................................................................................................... 19
Figure 24.
1.2 V @ 0 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V....... 19
Figure 25.
1.2 V @ 0 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V ...... 20
Figure 26.
1.2 V @ 20 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V..... 20
Figure 27.
1.2 V @ 20 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V.... 21
Figure 28.
1.2 V @ 0 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 12.6 V ......... 21
Figure 29.
1.2 V @ 0 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 12.6 V ........ 22
Figure 30.
1.2 V @ 20 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V..... 22
Figure 31.
1.2 V @ 20 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V.... 23
REVISION HISTORY
6/15/2007—Revision 2: Testing on a couple of the outputs
5/24/2007—Revision 1: Testing on a couple of the outputs
5/14/2007—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. A | Page 4 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADP1821 is a versatile, single output, synchronous PWM buck controller that generates outputs from an input voltage
of 3.7 V to 20 V. The controller can be configured to provide output voltage from 0.6 V to 85% of the input voltage.
The ADP1821 operates at a pin-selectable fixed switching frequency of either 300 kHz or 600 kHz. For some noise sensitive
applications, it can also be synchronized to an external clock to achieve switching frequency between 300 kHz and 1 MHz.
The switching frequency chosen is 300 kHz to get good efficiency over a wide range of input and output conditions.
The ADP1821 includes an adjustable soft start to limit input inrush current, power-good output, and a power enable pin. It
also provides current-limit and short-circuit protection by sensing the voltage on the synchronous MOSFET.
SCHEMATIC
Figure 2.
Schematic: 12 V ->1.5 V @ 20 A, 1.2 V @ 20 A
Rev. A | Page 5 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
BILL OF MATERIALS
Table 1. VOUT1 = 1.5 V
Description
Designator
Qty
Manufacturer
MFR#
Capacitor Ceramic X5R 22u 1210 16V
C1, C2, C9, C20
4
Murata
GRM32ER61A226K
Capacitor POSCAP 330u D case 2.5V
C3
1
Sanyo
2TPF330M7
Capacitor Ceramic X7R 1u 0603 16V
C11
1
Murata
GRM188R61A105K
Capacitor Ceramic COG 680p 0402 50V
2
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic X7R 100n 16V
C17, C18
C10, C13, C14,
C12
4
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic COG 22p 0402 50V
C19
1
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic COG 33p 0402 50V
C15
1
Vishay
Generic
Inductor 4.0uH 11.2mm x 10.5mm x 4.8mm
L1
1
TDK
SPM12550T-1R0M220
Single N-Channel MOSFET TDSON-8 30V
Q2
1
Infineon
BSC057N03LS
Single N-Channel MOSFET TDSON-8 30V
Q3
1
Infineon
BSC016N03LS
1% Thick Film 3.01k 0402
R1
1
Vishay
Generic
5% Thick Film 10 Ohms 1206
R2
1
Vishay
Generic
5% Thick Film 10 Ohms 0402
R4, R5
2
Vishay
Generic
Not Populated
R12
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 10.0k 0402
R6
1
Vishay
Generic
0 Ohm jumper 0402
R13
1
Vishay
Generic
Not Populated
R8
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 1.47k 0402
R7, R10
2
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 20.0k 0402
R9
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 13.3k 0402
R11
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 16.9k 0402
R3
1
Generic
1 channel 300k to 600k PWM
U2
1
Vishay
Analog
Devices
Diode Schottky 200mA SOD-323 40V
D1
1
Diodes inc
BAT54
Diode Zener 5.1V, SOD123
D2
1
Diodes inc
BTZ52C5V1
NPN Transistor SOT-23
Q1
1
Vishay
MMBT2222A
ADP1821
Table 2. VOUT2 = 1.2 V
Description
Designator
Qty
Manufacturer
MFR#
Capacitor Ceramic X5R 22u 1210 16V
C1, C2, C9, C20
4
Murata
GRM32ER61A226K
Capacitor POSCAP 330u D case 2.5V
C3
1
Sanyo
2TPF330M7
Capacitor Ceramic X7R 1u 0603 16V
C11
1
Murata
GRM188R61A105K
Capacitor Ceramic COG 680p 0402 50V
2
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic X7R 100n 16V
C17, C18
C10, C13, C14,
C12
4
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic COG 22p 0402 50V
C19
1
Vishay
Generic
Capacitor Ceramic COG 33p 0402 50V
C15
1
Vishay
Generic
Inductor 4.0uH 11.2mm x 10.5mm x 4.8mm
L1
1
TDK
SPM12550T-1R0M220
Single N-Channel MOSFET TDSON-8 30V
Q2
1
Infineon
BSC057N03LS
Single N-Channel MOSFET TDSON-8 30V
Q3
1
Infineon
BSC016N03LS
1% Thick Film 3.01k 0402
R1
1
Vishay
Generic
5% Thick Film 10 Ohms 1206
R2
1
Vishay
Generic
5% Thick Film 10 Ohms 0402
R4, R5
2
Vishay
Generic
Rev. A | Page 6 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Not Populated
R12
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 10.0k 0402
R6
1
Vishay
Generic
0 Ohm jumper 0402
R13
1
Vishay
Generic
Not Populated
R8
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 1.47k 0402
R7, R10
2
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 20.0k 0402
R9
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 20.0k 0402
R11
1
Vishay
Generic
1% Thick Film 16.9k 0402
R3
1
Generic
1 channel 300k to 600k PWM
U2
1
Vishay
Analog
Devices
Diode Schottky 200mA SOD-323 40V
D1
1
Diodes inc
BAT54
Diode Zener 5.1V, SOD123
D2
1
Diodes inc
BTZ52C5V1
NPN Transistor SOT-23
Q1
1
Vishay
MMBT2222A
Rev. A | Page 7 of 25
ADP1821
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
POWERING THE ADP1821 REFERENCE DESIGN
The ADP1821 Reference Design is supplied fully assembled.
INPUT POWER SOURCE
1.
Before connecting the power source to the ADP1821 Reference Design, make sure that it is turned off. If the input
power source includes a current meter, use that meter to monitor the input current.
2.
Connect the positive terminal of the power source to the VIN terminal on the evaluation board, and the negative
terminal of the power source to the GND terminal just below the VIN terminal.
3.
If the power source does not include a current meter, connect a current meter in series with the input source voltage.
4.
Connect the positive lead (+) of the power source to the ammeter positive (+) connection, the negative lead (−) of the
power source to the GND terminal just below the VIN terminal on the board, and the negative lead (−) of the
ammeter to the VIN terminal on the board.
OUTPUT LOAD
1.
Although the ADP1821 Reference Design can sustain the sudden connection of the load, it is possible to damage the
load if it is not properly connected.
2.
Make sure that the board is turned off before connecting the load.
a)
If the load includes an ammeter, or if the current is not measured, connect the load directly to the evaluation
board with the positive (+) load connection to the VOUT terminal and negative (−) load connection to the GND
terminal just above the VOUT terminal.
b)
If an ammeter is used, connect it in series with the load; connect the positive (+) ammeter terminal to the
evaluation board VOUT terminal, the negative (−) ammeter terminal to the positive (+) load terminal, and the
negative (−) load terminal to the evaluation board GND terminal just above the VOUT terminal.
Once the load is connected, make sure that it is set to the proper current before powering the ADP1821 Reference Design.
INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTMETERS
Measure the input and output voltages with voltmeters.
1.
Connect the voltmeter measuring the input voltage with the positive (+) lead connected to Vin and the negative lead
(−) connected to Gnd (measure across C8).
2.
Connect the voltmeter measuring the VOUT1 with the positive lead (+) connected to TP1 and the negative lead (−)
connected to TP2.
3.
Make sure to connect the voltmeters to the appropriate evaluation board terminals and not to the load or power
source themselves.
4.
If the voltmeters are not connected directly to the evaluation board at these Kelvin connection test points, the
measured voltages will be incorrect due to the voltage drop across the leads connecting the evaluation board to both
the source and load.
TURNING ON THE EVALUATION BOARD
Once the power source and loads are connected to the ADP1821 Reference Design, the board can be powered for operation.
Slowly increase the input power source voltage until the input voltage exceeds the minimum input operating voltage of 10 V.
If the load is not already enabled, enable the load and check that it is drawing the proper current and that the output voltage
maintains voltage regulation.
Rev. A | Page 8 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
ADP1821 Demo Board Efficiency
0.92
0.9
Efficiency
0.88
1.5 Vout Vin=11.04
1.5 Vout Vin=12.6
1.2 Vout Vin=11.04
1.2 Vout Vin=12.6
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.8
0.78
0
5
10
15
20
25
Output Current
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
ADP1821 demo board efficiency for each output
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @12.6 V
Rev. A | Page 9 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 5.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V
Figure 6.
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 10 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
FCDC 00039
Voltage Ripple; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 5-15 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 11 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
Figure 9.
FCDC 00039
Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 15-5 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Figure 10. Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 5-15 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V
Rev. A | Page 12 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 11. Load Transient; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 15-5 A 1 A/us, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V
Figure 12. Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable
Rev. A | Page 13 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 13. Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable
Figure 14. Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable
Rev. A | Page 14 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 15. Output Enable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable
Figure 16. Output Disable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 11.04 V, Ch3 = Enable
Rev. A | Page 15 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 17. Output Disable; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12.6 V, Ch3 = Enable
Figure 18. Output Shorted; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12 V
Rev. A | Page 16 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 19. Output Short Removed; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 20 A, Ch2 = VIN @ 12 V,
Figure 20. VIN Ramped On; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN
Rev. A | Page 17 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 21. VIN Ramped On; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 10 A, Ch2 = VIN
Figure 22. VIN Ramped Off; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 0 A, Ch2 = VIN
Rev. A | Page 18 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 23. VIN Ramped Off; Ch1 = 1.2 V @ 10 A, Ch2 = VIN
Figure 24. 1.2 V @ 0 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 19 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 25. 1.2 V @ 0 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Figure 26. 1.2 V @ 20 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 20 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 27. 1.2 V @ 20 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Figure 28. 1.2 V @ 0 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 12.6 V
Rev. A | Page 21 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 29. 1.2 V @ 0 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 12.6 V
Figure 30. 1.2 V @ 20 A Rising Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 22 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Figure 31. 1.2 V @ 20 A Falling Switchnode; Ch1 = Vds low, Ch2 = Vgs low, Ch3 = Vgs high, Ch4 = VIN @ 11.04 V
Rev. A | Page 23 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
NOTES
This ADP1821 Reference Design uses a board that was originally laid out for a supply creating 17.04 V @ 5.2 A. For this
reason, it is not ideally designed for 20 A. The board copper loss at 20 A is not desirable but all other circuit functionality is
properly verified by this design.
©2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the
property of their respective owners.
EB
Rev. A | Page 24 of 25
Preliminary Technical Data
FCDC 00039
Rev. A | Page 25 of 25