Poly-Phase High-Performance Wide-Span Energy Metering IC 90E32A Version 1.0 April 2, 2013 X X X X Atmel Corporation 1600 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110 USA T: (+1)(408) 441.0311 F: (+1)(408) 436.4200 | www.atmel.com © 2013 Atmel Corporation. All rights reserved. / Rev.: Atmel-Meter-ATM90E32A-Eng-Datasheet-Eng_042013 Atmel®, Atmel logo and combinations thereof, Enabling Unlimited Possibilities®, and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others. DISCLAIMER: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. 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Table of Contents FEATURES .............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 APPLICATION ......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................................................................................................................................................. 8 1 PIN ASSIGNMENT ............................................................................................................................................................. 9 2 PIN DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 10 3 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................................. 12 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 POWER SUPPLY .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 CLOCK .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 RESET ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.1 RESET Pin ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.2 Power On Reset (POR) .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.3.3 Software Reset ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12 METERING FUNCTION ................................................................................................................................................................................ 13 3.4.1 Theory of Energy Registers .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 3.4.2 Energy Registers ............................................................................................................................................................................ 15 3.4.3 Energy Pulse Output ...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 3.4.4 Startup and No-load Power ........................................................................................................................................................... 15 MEASUREMENT FUNCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.5.1 Active/ Reactive/ Apparent Power ................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.5.2 Fundamental / Harmonic Active Power ........................................................................................................................................ 17 3.5.3 Mean Power Factor (PF) ................................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.5.4 Voltage / Current RMS ................................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.5.5 Phase Angle .................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.5.6 Frequency ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.5.7 Temperature ................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.5.8 THD+N for Voltage and Current .................................................................................................................................................... 18 POWER MODE .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.6.1 Normal Mode (N Mode) .................................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.6.2 Idle Mode (I Mode) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20 3.6.3 Detection Mode (D Mode) .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 3.6.4 Partial Measurement mode (M Mode) ........................................................................................................................................... 23 3.6.5 Transition of Power Modes ........................................................................................................................................................... 24 EVENT DETECTION ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.7.1 Zero-Crossing Detection ............................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.7.2 Sag Detection ................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 3.7.3 Phase Loss Detection .................................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.7.4 Computed Neutral Line Overcurrent Detection ........................................................................................................................... 25 3.7.5 Phase Sequence Error Detection ................................................................................................................................................. 25 DC AND CURRENT RMS ESTIMATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 4 SPI INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................................................... 26 4.1 4.2 INTERFACE DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................................................................... 26 SPI INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 4.2.1 SPI Slave Interface Format ............................................................................................................................................................ 27 4.2.2 Reliability Enhancement Feature .................................................................................................................................................. 27 5 CALIBRATION METHOD ................................................................................................................................................. 28 5.1 NORMAL MODE OPERATION CALIBRATION ........................................................................................................................................... 28 Table of Contents 3 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 5.2 PARTIAL MEASUREMENT MODE CALIBRATION ..................................................................................................................................... 28 6.1 6.2 REGISTER LIST ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 29 SPECIAL REGISTERS .................................................................................................................................................................................. 36 6.2.1 Soft Reset Register ........................................................................................................................................................................ 36 6.2.2 IRQ and WarnOut Signal Generation ............................................................................................................................................ 37 6.2.3 Special Configuration Registers ................................................................................................................................................... 41 6.2.4 Last SPI Data Register ................................................................................................................................................................... 43 LOW-POWER MODES REGISTERS ............................................................................................................................................................ 44 6.3.1 Detection Mode Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 6.3.2 Partial Measurement mode Registers .......................................................................................................................................... 46 CONFIGURATION AND CALIBRATION REGISTERS ................................................................................................................................ 49 6.4.1 Start Registers and Associated Checksum Operation Scheme ................................................................................................ 49 6.4.2 Configuration Registers ................................................................................................................................................................ 49 6.4.3 Energy Calibration Registers ........................................................................................................................................................ 53 6.4.4 Fundamental/Harmonic Energy Calibration registers ................................................................................................................ 55 6.4.5 Measurement Calibration .............................................................................................................................................................. 55 ENERGY REGISTER .................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 6.5.1 Regular Energy Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. 56 6.5.2 Fundamental / Harmonic Energy Register ................................................................................................................................... 57 MEASUREMENT REGISTERS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 57 6.6.1 Power and Power Factor Registers .............................................................................................................................................. 57 6.6.2 Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers ...................................................................................... 58 6.6.3 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers ............................................................................................................. 59 6 REGISTER ........................................................................................................................................................................ 29 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION ....................................................................................................................................... 61 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION ................................................................................................................................................................... 61 METERING/ MEASUREMENT ACCURACY ................................................................................................................................................ 63 7.2.1 Metering Accuracy ......................................................................................................................................................................... 63 7.2.2 Measurement Accuracy ................................................................................................................................................................. 64 INTERFACE TIMING ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 65 7.3.1 SPI Interface Timing (Slave Mode) ................................................................................................................................................ 65 POWER ON RESET TIMING ........................................................................................................................................................................ 66 ZERO-CROSSING TIMING ........................................................................................................................................................................... 67 VOLTAGE SAG AND PHASE LOSS TIMING .............................................................................................................................................. 68 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING .................................................................................................................................................................. 69 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS...................................................................................................................................................... 70 ORDERING INFORMATION.................................................................................................................................................. 71 DATASHEET DOCUMENT HISTORY................................................................................................................................... 71 4 April 2, 2013 List of Tables Table-1 Table-2 Table-3 Table-4 Table-5 Table-6 Table-7 Table-8 Table-9 Table-10 Table-11 Table-12 Table-13 Table-14 Table-15 Table-16 Table-17 Table-18 Pin Description ............................................................................................................................................................................................. Power Mode Mapping .................................................................................................................................................................................. Digital I/O and Power Pin States in Idle Mode ............................................................................................................................................. Register List ................................................................................................................................................................................................. Configuration Registers ............................................................................................................................................................................... Calibration Registers .................................................................................................................................................................................... Fundamental/Harmonic Energy Calibration Registers ................................................................................................................................. Measurement Calibration Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. Regular Energy Registers ............................................................................................................................................................................ Fundamental / Harmonic Energy Register ................................................................................................................................................... Power and Power Factor Register ............................................................................................................................................................... Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers ........................................................................................................ THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers .............................................................................................................................. Metering Accuracy for Different Energy within the Dynamic Range ............................................................................................................ Measurement Parameter Range and Format .............................................................................................................................................. SPI Timing Specification .............................................................................................................................................................................. Power On Reset Specification ..................................................................................................................................................................... Zero-Crossing Specification ......................................................................................................................................................................... List of Tables 5 10 19 20 29 49 53 55 55 56 57 57 58 59 63 64 65 66 67 April 2, 2013 List of Figures Figure-1 Figure-2 Figure-3 Figure-4 Figure-5 Figure-6 Figure-7 Figure-8 Figure-9 Figure-10 Figure-11 Figure-12 Figure-13 Figure-14 Figure-15 Figure-16 Figure-17 Figure-18 Figure-19 Figure-20 Figure-21 90E32A Block Diagram .................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Pin Assignment (Top View) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Energy Register Operation Diagram ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 CFx Pulse Output Regulation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Metering Startup Handling ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Block Diagram in Normal Mode ................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Block Diagram in Idle Mode ......................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Block Diagram in Detection Mode ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Block Diagram in Partial Measurement mode .............................................................................................................................................. 23 Power Mode Transition ............................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Slave Mode ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 Read Sequence ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Write Sequence ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 IRQ and WarnOut Generation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Current Detection Register Latching Scheme ............................................................................................................................................. 44 Start and Checksum Register Operation Scheme ...................................................................................................................................... 49 SPI Timing Diagram .................................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Power On Reset Timing (90E32A and MCU are Powered on Simultaneously) .......................................................................................... 66 Power On Reset Timing in Normal & Partial Measurement Mode .............................................................................................................. 66 Zero-Crossing Timing Diagram (per phase) ................................................................................................................................................ 67 Voltage Sag and Phase Loss Timing Diagram ............................................................................................................................................ 68 List of Figures 6 April 2, 2013 Poly-Phase High-Performance 90E32A Wide-Span Energy Metering IC Preliminary Information* FEATURES • Programmable power modes: Normal mode (N mode), Idle mode (I mode), Detection mode (D mode) and Partial Measurement mode (M mode). • Fundamental (CF3, 0.2%) and harmonic (CF4, 1%) active energy with dedicated energy and power registers. • Event detection: sag, phase loss, reverse voltage/ current phase sequence, reverse flow, calculated neutral line current INC overcurrent and THD+N over-threshold. Metering Features • Metering features fully in compliance with the requirements of IEC62052-11, IEC62053-22 and IEC62053-23, ANSI C12.1 and ANSI C12.20; applicable in class 0.5S or class 1 poly-phase watt-hour meter or class 2 poly-phase var-hour meter. • Accuracy of ±0.1% for active energy and ±0.2% for reactive energy over the dynamic range of 5000:1. • Temperature coefficient is 6 ppm/ ℃ (typical) for on-chip reference voltage. • Single-point calibration on each phase over the whole dynamic range for active energy; no calibration needed for reactive/ apparent energy. • ±1 ℃ (typical) temperature sensor accuracy. • Electrical parameters measurement: less than ±0.5% fiducial error for Vrms, Irms, mean active/ reactive/ apparent power, frequency, power factor and phase angle. • Active (forward/reverse), reactive (forward/reverse), apparent energy with independent energy registers. Active/ reactive/ apparent energy can be output by pulse or read through energy registers to adapt to different applications. • Programmable startup and no-load power threshold, special designed of startup and no-load circuits to eliminate crosstalk among phases achieving better accuracy especially at low power conditions. • Dedicated ADC and different gains for phase A/B/C current sampling circuits. Current sampled over current transformer (CT) or Rogowski coil (di/dt coil); phase A/B/C voltage sampled over resistor divider network or potential transformer (PT). Other Features • 3.3V single power supply. Operating voltage range: 2.8V~3.6V. Metering accuracy guaranteed within 3.0V~3.6V. • Four-wire SPI interface. • Parameter diagnosis function and programmable interrupt output of the IRQ interrupt signals and the WarnOut signal. • Programmable voltage sag detection and zero-crossing output. • CF1/CF2/CF3/CF4 output active/ reactive/ apparent energy pulses and fundamental/ harmonic energy pulses respectively. • Crystal oscillator frequency: 16.384 MHz. On-chip two capacitors and no need of external capacitors. • TQFP48 package. • Operating temperature: -40 ℃ ~ +85 ℃ . APPLICATION • Poly-phase energy meters of class 0.5S and class 1 which are used in three-phase four-wire (3P4W, Y0) or three-phase threewire (3P3W, Y or Δ) systems. • Power monitoring instruments which need to measure voltage, current, mean power, etc. GENERAL DESCRIPTION A four-wire SPI interface is provided between the 90E32A and the external microcontroller. The 90E32A is suitable for poly-phase multi-function meters which could measure active/reactive/apparent energy and fundamental/harmonic energy either through four independent energy pulse outputs CF1/CF2/CF3/CF4 or through the corresponding registers. The ADC and auto-temperature compensation technology for reference voltage ensure the 90E32A's long-term stability over variations in grid and ambient environment conditions. The 90E32A is a poly-phase high performance wide-dynamic range metering IC. The 90E32A incorporates 6 independent 2nd order sigmadelta ADCs, which could be employed in three voltage channels (phase A, B and C) and three current channels (phase A, B, C) in a typical three-phase four-wire system. The 90E32A has an embedded DSP which executes calculation of active energy, reactive energy, apparent energy, fundamental and harmonic active energy over ADC signal and on-chip reference voltage. The DSP also calculates measurement parameters such as voltage and current RMS value as well as mean active/reactive/apparent power. 7 *Notice: The information in this document is subject to change without notice April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC BLOCK DIAGRAM OSCI RESET PM1 PM0 Power On Reset Crystal Oscillator VDD18 Regulator Power Mode Configuration Energy Metering (Forward/Reverse Active/Reactive/CF Generator) Current Detector I1P / I1N I2P / I2N I3P / I3N ADC-I1 ADC-I2 ADC-I3 V1P / V1N V2P / V2N V3P / V3N ADC-V1 ADC-V2 ADC-V3 DSP Measure and Monitoring (V/I/rms / SAG / Phase / Frequency) CF Out CF1 CF2 CF3 CF4 Zero Crossing ZX0 ZX1 ZX2 Warn Out Temperature Sensor Vref OSCO Control Logic Reference Voltage IRQ SPI Interface WarnOut IRQ0 IRQ1 CS SCLK SDO SDI Figure-1 90E32A Block Diagram Block Diagram 8 April 2, 2013 90E32A DGND NC NC DGND VDD18 VDD18 RESET SDI SDO SCLK CS 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 AGND 47 1 DVDD AVDD 48 PIN ASSIGNMENT 7 30 IRQ0 I3N 8 29 WarnOut IC 9 28 CF4 IC 10 27 CF3 Vref 11 26 CF2 AGND 12 25 CF1 ZX2 24 I3P 23 IRQ1 ZX1 31 22 6 ZX0 I2N 21 TEST OSCO 32 20 5 OSCI I2P 19 PM0 DGND 33 18 4 V3N I1N 17 PM1 V3P 34 16 3 V2N I1P 15 NC V2P 35 14 2 V1N IC 13 36 V1P 1 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Figure-2 Pin Assignment (Top View) Pin Assignment 9 April 2, 2013 90E32A 2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC PIN DESCRIPTION Table-1 Pin Description Name Pin No. I/O Type Reset 41 I LVTTL AVDD 1 I Power DVDD 48 I Power VDD18 42, 43 P Power DGND AGND 19, 44, 47 2, 12 I I Power Power I1P I1N 3 4 I Analog I2P I2N 5 6 I Analog I3P I3N 7 8 I Analog Vref 11 O Analog V1P V1N 13 14 I Analog V2P V2N 15 16 I Analog V3P V3N 17 18 I Analog OSCI 20 I OSC OSCO 21 O OSC ZX0 ZX1 ZX2 CF1 22 23 24 25 O LVTTL O LVTTL CF2 26 O LVTTL Pin Description Description Reset: Reset Pin (active low) This pin should connect to ground through a 0.1 μF filter capacitor and a 10kΩ resistor to VDD. In application it can also directly connect to one output pin from microcontroller (MCU). AVDD: Analog Power Supply This pin provides power supply to the analog part. This pin should connect to DVDD and be decoupled with a 0.1μF capacitor. DVDD: Digital Power Supply This pin provides power supply to the digital part. It should be decoupled with a 10μF capacitor and a 0.1μF capacitor. VDD18: Digital Power Supply (1.8 V) These two pins should be connected together and connected to ground through a 10μF capacitor. DGND: Digital Ground AGND: Analog Ground I1P: Positive Input for Phase A Current I1N: Negative Input for Phase A Current These pins are differential inputs for phase A current. Note: I1 to phase A and I3 to phase C mapping can be swapped by configuring the I1I3Swap bit (b13, MMode0). I2P: Positive Input for Phase B Current I2N: Negative Input for Phase B Current These pins are differential inputs for phase B current. I3P: Positive Input for Phase C Current I3N: Negative Input for Phase C Current These pins are differential inputs for phase C current. Note: I1 to phase A and I3 to phase C mapping can be swapped by configuring the I1I3Swap bit (b13, MMode0). Vref: Output Pin for Reference Voltage This pin should be decoupled with a 10μF capacitor, possibly a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor and a 1nF ceramic capacitor. V1P: Positive Input for Phase A Voltage V1N: Negative Input for Phase A Voltage These pins are differential inputs for phase A voltage. V2P: Positive Input for Phase B Voltage V2N: Negative Input for Phase B Voltage These pins are differential inputs for phase B voltage. V3P: Positive Input for Phase C Voltage V3N: Negative Input for Phase C Voltage These pins are differential inputs for phase C voltage. OSCI: External Crystal Input OSCO: External Crystal Output A 16.384 MHz crystal is connected between OSCI and OSCO. There are two on-chip capacitor, therefore no need of external capacitors. ZX2/ZX1/ZX0:Zero-Crossing Output These pins are asserted when voltage or current crosses zero. Zero-crossing mode can be configured by the ZXConfig register (07H). CF1: (all-phase-sum total) Active Energy Pulse Output CF2: (all-phase-sum total) Reactive/ Apparent Energy Pulse Output The output of this pin is determined by the CF2varh bit (b7, MMode0) and the CF2ESV bit (b8, MMode0). 10 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-1 Pin Description (Continued) Name Pin No. I/O Type Description CF3 CF4 27 28 O O LVTTL LVTTL WarnOut 29 O LVTTL IRQ0 30 O LVTTL IRQ1 31 O LVTTL PM0 PM1 33 34 I LVTTL CF3: (all-phase-sum total) Active Fundamental Energy Pulse Output CF4: (all-phase-sum total) Active Harmonic Energy Pulse Output WarnOut: Fatal Error Warning This pin is asserted high when there is metering related parameter checksum error. Otherwise this pin stays low. Refer to 6.2.2 IRQ and WarnOut Signal Generation. IRQ0: Interrupt Output 0 This pin is asserted when one or more events in the SysStatus0 register (01H) occur. It is deasserted when there is no bit set in the SysStatus0 register (01H). In Detection mode, the IRQ0 is used to indicate the output of current detector. The IRQ0 state is cleared when entering or exiting Detection mode. IRQ1: Interrupt Output 1 This pin is asserted when one or more events in the SysStatus1 register (02H) occur. It is deasserted when there is no bit set in the SysStatus1 register (02H). In Detection mode, the IRQ1 is used to indicate the output of current detector. The IRQ1 state is cleared when entering or exiting Detection mode. PM1/0: Power Mode Configuration These two pins define the power mode of 90E32A. Refer to Table-2. CS 37 I LVTTL SCLK 38 I LVTTL SDO 39 O LVTTL SDI 40 I LVTTL TEST IC NC 32 9, 10, 36 35, 45, 46 I LVTTL LVTTL Pin Description CS: Chip Select (Active Low) In SPI mode, this pin must be driven from high to low for each read/ write operation, and maintain low for the entire operation. SCLK: Serial Clock This pin is used as the clock for the SPI interface. Refer to 4 SPI Interface. SDO: Serial Data Output This pin is used as the data output for the SPI mode. Refer to 4 SPI Interface. SDI: Serial Data Input This pin is used as the data input for the SPI mode. Refer to 4 SPI Interface. This pin should be always connected to DGND in system application. These pins should be always connected to DGND in system application. NC: These pins should be left open. 11 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 3 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION - 3.1 POWER SUPPLY - - 3.3.1 The 90E32A works with single power rail 3.3V. An on-chip voltage regulator regulates the 1.8V voltage for the digital logic. Any reset pulse that is shorter than 2μs can not reset the 90E32A. The 90E32A has multiple power modes, in Idle and Detection modes the 1.8V power regulator is not turned on and the digital logic is not powered. When the logic is not powered, all the configured register values are not kept (all context lost) except for Detection mode related registers (10H~13H) for Detection mode configuration. 3.3.2 POR circuit triggers reset when: - DVDD power up, crossing the power-up threshold. Refer to Figure-19. - VDD18 regulator changing from disable to enable, i.e. from Idle or Detection mode to Partial Measurement mode or Normal mode. Refer to Figure-18. CLOCK The 90E32A has an on-chip oscillator and can directly connect to an external crystal. 3.3.3 SOFTWARE RESET Chip reset can be triggered by writing to the SoftReset register in Normal mode. The software reset is the same as the reset scope generated from the RESET pin or POR. The OSCI pin can also be driven with a clock source. The oscillator will be powered down in Idle and Detection power modes, as described in 3.6 Power Mode. These three reset sources have the same reset scope. All digital logics and registers, except for the Harmonic Ratio registers will be subject to reset. • Interface logic: clock dividers • Digital core/ logic: All registers except for some other special registers, refer to 6.3.1 Detection Mode Registers. RESET There are three reset sources for the 90E32A: Function Description POWER ON RESET (POR) The POR circuit resets the 90E32A at power up. User has to re-configure the registers in Partial Measurement mode or Normal mode when transiting from Idle or Detection mode. Refer to 3.6 Power Mode for power mode details. 3.3 RESET PIN The RESET pin can be asserted to reset the 90E32A. The RESET pin has RC filter with typical time constant of 2μs in the I/O, as well as a 2μs (typical) de-glitch filter. The regulated 1.8V power is connected to the VDD18 pin. It needs to be bypassed by an external capacitor. 3.2 RESET pin On-chip Power On Reset circuit Software Reset generated by the Software Reset register 12 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.4 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC METERING FUNCTION sheet. The internal energy resolution for accumulation and conversion is 0.01 CF. The accumulated energy is converted to pulse frequency on the CF pins and stored in the corresponding energy registers. The 90E32A provides energy accumulation registers with 0.1 or 0.01 CF resolution. 0.01CF / 0.1CF setting is defined by the 001LSB bit (b9, MMode0). 3.4.1 The 0.01 CF pulse energy constant is referenced as 'PL_constant'. Within 0.01 CF, forward and reverse energy are counteracted. When energy exceeds 0.01 pulse, the respective forward/ reverse energy is increased. THEORY OF ENERGY REGISTERS Take the example of active energy, suppose: The energy accumulation runs at 1 MHz clock rate, by accumulating the power value calculated by the DSP processor. T0: Forward energy register is 12.34 pulses and reverse energy register is 1.23 pulses. The power accumulation process is equivalent to digitally integrating the instantaneous power with a delta-time of about 1us. The accumulated energy is used to calculate the CF pulses and the corresponding internal energy registers. From t0 to t1: 0.005 forward pulses appeared. From t1 to t2: 0.004 reverse pulses appeared. From t2 to t3: 0.005 reverse pulses appeared. The accumulated energy is converted to frequency of the CF pulses. One CF usually corresponds to 1KWh / MC (MC is Meter Constant, e.g. 3200 imp/kWh), and is usually referenced as an energy unit in this data- From t3 to t4: 0.007 reverse pulses appeared. The following table illustrates the process of energy accumulation process: Input energy t0 + 0.005 t1 -0.004 t2 -0.005 t3 -0.007 Bidirectional energy accumulator 0.005 0.001 -0.004 -0.001 Forward 0.01 CF 0 0 0 0 Reverse 0.01CF 0 0 0 1 Forward energy register 12.34 12.34 12.34 12.34 12.34 Reverse energy register 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.23 1.24 When forward/reverse energy reaches 0.1/0.01 pulse, the respective register is updated. When forward or reverse energy reaches 1 pulse, Function Description t4 CFx pins output pulse and the REVP/REVQ bits (b7~0, SysStatus1) are updated. Refer to Figure-3. 13 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC A/B/C Power Phase-A Phase-B Phase-C ENA ENB ENC Bi-directional Energy accumulator, roll over Bi-directional Energy positive/nega accumulator, roll over tive @ positive/negative @ 0.01CF 0.01CF (+)0.01 Forward CF energy (+)0.01 Forward accumulator CF energy (+)0.01 Forward energy (-)0.01 accumulator CF Backwardregister CF energy (-)0.01 accumulator Backward accumulator CF energy (-)0.01 Reverse accumulatorenergy CF register accumulator Energy accumulator @ Energy 1Mhz accumulator @ 1Mhz Energy accumulator @ 1Mhz Rev[P/Q]chg[A/BC} ABS or Arithmetic + Positive CF Accumulator All-phase sum Rev[P/Q]chgT Bi-directional Energy accumulator, roll over positive/negative @ 0.01CF (+)0.01 CF Forward energy register accumulator (-)0.01 CF reverse energy register accumulator CF Gen Logic CF pulse Negative 0-CF Accumulator Energy accumulator @ 1Mhz CF[P/Q]RevFlag Figure-3 Energy Register Operation Diagram For all-phase-sum total of active, reactive and (arithmetic sum) apparent energy, the associated power is obtained by summing the power of the three phases. The accumulation method of all-phase-sum Function Description energy is determined by the EnPC/EnPB/EnPA/ABSEnP/ABSEnQ bits (b0~b4, MMode0). Note that the direction of all-phase-sum power and single-phase power might be different. 14 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.4.2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Registers: ENERGY REGISTERS - Fundamental / harmonic The 90E32A meters non-decomposed total active, reactive and apparent energy, as well as decomposed active fundamental and harmonic energy. The registers are listed as below. 3.4.2.1 - all-phase-sum / phase A / phase B / phase C - Forward / reverse Total Energy Registers Altogether there are 16 energy registers. Refer to 3.4.2.2 Fundamental and Harmonic Energy Registers. Each phase and all-phase-sum has the following registers: - Active forward/ reverse 3.4.3 - Reactive forward/ reverse CF1 is fixed to be total active energy output (all-phase-sum). Both forward and reverse energy registers can generate the CF pulse (change of forward/ reverse direction can generate an interrupt if enabled). - Apparent energy Altogether there are 20 energy registers. Those registers are defined in 6.5.1 Regular Energy Registers. 3.4.2.2 ENERGY PULSE OUTPUT CF2 is reactive energy output (all-phase-sum) by default. It can also be configured to be arithmetic sum apparent energy output (all-phasesum). Fundamental and Harmonic Energy Registers The 90E32A counts decomposed active fundamental and harmonic energy. Reactive energy is not decomposed to fundamental and harmonic. CF3 is fixed to be active fundamental energy output (all-phase-sum). CF4 is fixed to be active harmonic energy output (all-phase-sum). The fundamental/harmonic energy is accumulated in the same way as active energy accumulation method described above. Tp=80ms Tp=0.5T Tp=5ms CFx T≥160ms 10ms≤T<160ms if T<10ms, force T=10ms Figure-4 CFx Pulse Output Regulation is lower than the startup threshold, energy is not accumulated and it is assumed as in no-load status. Refer to Figure-5. For CFx pulse width regulation, refer to Figure-4. Case1 T>=160ms, Tp=80ms There are also no-load Current Threshold registers for Active, Reactive and Apparent energy metering participation for each of the 3 phases. If |P|+|Q| is lower than the corresponding power threshold, that particular phase will not be accumulated. Refer to the PStartTh register and other threshold registers. Case 2 10ms<=T<160ms, Tp=T/2 Case 3 If Calculated T < 10ms, force T=10ms, Tp=5ms 3.4.4 STARTUP AND NO-LOAD POWER There are startup power threshold registers (e.g. PStartTh(35H)). Refer to 6.4 Configuration and Calibration Registers. The power threshold registers are defined for all-phase-sum active, reactive and apparent power. The 90E32A starts metering when the corresponding all-phasesum power is greater than the startup threshold. When the power value Function Description There are also no-load status bits (the TPnoload/TQnoload bits (b14~15, EnStatus0)) defined to reflect the no-load status. The 90E32A does not output any pulse in no-load status. The power-on state is of noload status. 15 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Power Threshold |P|+|Q|> PPhaseTh? A/B/C Phase Active Power from DSP 0 Total Active Power 3 phases ABS > PStartTh? + 1 Phase Active Energy Metering 0 0 0 Power Threshold |P|+|Q|> QPhaseTh? Phase ReActive Power from DSP 0 Total ReActive Power 3 phases 0 1 Total ReActive Energy Metering ABS > QStartTh? + 1 1 0 Power Threshold |P|+|Q|> SPhaseTh? 0 0 Total Apparent Power 3 phases Phase Apparent Power from DSP Phase ReActive Energy Metering 0 0 A/B/C Total Active Energy Metering 1 0 A/B/C 0 1 ABS > SStartTh? + 0 1 Total (arithmetic sum) Apparent Energy Metering 1 1 0 0 0 0 Phase Apparent Energy Metering Figure-5 Metering Startup Handling Function Description 16 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.5 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC MEASUREMENT FUNCTION - Measured parameters can be divided to 7 types as follows: - Active/ Reactive/ Apparent Power - Fundamental/ Harmonic Power - RMS for Voltage and Current - Power Factor - Phase Angle - Frequency - Temperature Altogether there are 8 power registers. Refer to 6.6.2 Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers. 3.5.3 MEAN POWER FACTOR (PF) Power Factor is defined for those cases: all-phase-sum / phase A / phase B / phase C. Altogether there are 4 power factor registers. Refer to 6.6.1 Power and Power Factor Registers. Measured parameters are average values that are averaged among 16 phase-voltage cycles (about 320ms at 50Hz) except for the temperature. The measured parameter update frequency is approximately 3Hz. Refer to Table-15. 3.5.1 fundamental and harmonic power all-phase-sum / phase A / phase B / phase C For all-phase: PF_all = ACTIVE/ REACTIVE/ APPARENT POWER All_phase_ sum active_pow er All_phase_ sum apparent_p ower For each of the phase:: Active/ Reactive/ Apparent Power measurement registers can be divided as below: - active, reactive, apparent power - all-phase-sum / phase A / phase B / phase C PF_phase = 3.5.4 Altogether there are 12 power registers. Refer to 6.6.1 Power and Power Factor Registers and the SVmeanT register (98H). active_pow er apparent_p ower VOLTAGE / CURRENT RMS Voltage/current RMS registers can be divided as follows: Per-phase apparent power is defined as the product of measured Vrms and Irms of that phase. Per-phase: Phase A / Phase B / Phase C All-phase-sum power is measured by arithmetically summing the per-phase measured power. The summing of phases can be configured by the MMode0 register. Altogether there are 6 RMS registers. 3.5.2 Voltage / Current Neutral Line Current RMS: Neutral line current can be calculated by instantaneous value FUNDAMENTAL / HARMONIC ACTIVE POWER iN = i A + iB + iC . Fundamental / harmonic active power measurement registers can be divided as below: Function Description Refer to 6.6.2 Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers. 17 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.5.5 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Refer to 6.6.3 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers. PHASE ANGLE Phase Angle measurement registers can be divided as below: - phase A / phase B / phase C - voltage / current 3.5.8 Voltage THD+N is defined as: Altogether there are 6 phase angle registers. Refer to 6.6.3 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers. (V rms_total 2 - V rms_fundam ental 2 ) V rms_fundam ental Note: Calculation of phase angle is based on zero-crossing interval and frequency. There might be big error when voltage/current at low value. 3.5.6 Current THD+N's definition is similar to that of voltage. FREQUENCY Registers: - voltage and current - phase A / phase B / phase C Frequency is measured using phase A voltage by default. When phase A has voltage sag, phase C is used, and phase B is used when both phase A and C have voltage sag. Altogether there are 6 THD+N registers. Refer to 6.6.3 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers. Refer to 6.6.3 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers. 3.5.7 The THD+N measurement is mainly used to monitor the percentage of harmonics in the system. Accuracy is not guaranteed when THD+N is lower than 10%. TEMPERATURE Chip Junction-Temperature is measured roughly every 100 ms by onchip temperature sensor. Function Description THD+N FOR VOLTAGE AND CURRENT 18 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.6 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC POWER MODE 3.6.1 NORMAL MODE (N MODE) In Normal mode, all function blocks are active except for current detector block. Refer to Figure-6. The 90E32A has four power modes. The power mode is solely defined by the PM1 and PM0 pins. Table-2 Power Mode Mapping PM1:PM0 Value 11 10 01 00 Power Mode Normal (N mode) Partial Measurement (M mode) Detection (D mode) Idle (I mode) OSCI Power On Reset OSCO Crystal Oscillator VDD18 Regulator Power Mode Configuration Current Detector ADC-I1 ADC-I2 ADC-I3 Energy Metering (Forward/Reverse Active/Reactive/CF Generator) DSP Measure and Monitoring (V/I/rms, SAG, Phase, Freq) ADC-V1 ADC-V2 ADC-V3 CF Out Zero Crossing Warn Out IRQ Temperature Sensor Control Logic SPI Interface Reference Voltage Disabled Figure-6 Block Diagram in Normal Mode Function Description 19 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.6.2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC The digital I/Os' supply is powered. IDLE MODE (I MODE) In I/O and analog interface, the input signals from digital core (which is not powered) will be set to known state as described in Table-3. The PM1 and PM0 pins which are controlled by external MCU are active and can configure the 90E32A to other modes. In Idle mode, all functions are shut off. The analog blocks' power supply is powered but circuits are set into power-down mode, i.e, power supply applied but all current paths are shut off. There is very low current since only very low device leakage could exist in this mode. OSCI Power On Reset OSCO Crystal Oscillator VDD18 Regulator Power Mode Configuration Energy Metering (Forward/Reverse Active/Reactive/CF Generator) Current Detector ADC-I1 ADC-I2 ADC-I3 DSP Measure and Monitoring (V/I/rms, SAG, Phase, Freq) ADC-V1 ADC-V2 ADC-V3 CF Out Zero Crossing Warn Out Temperature Sensor IRQ Control Logic SPI Interface Reference Voltage Figure-7 Block Diagram in Idle Mode Please note that since the digital I/O is not shut off, the I/O circuit is active in the Idle mode. The application shall make sure that valid logic levels are applied to the I/O. Table-3 lists digital I/O and power pins’ states in Idle mode. It lists the requirements for inputs and the output level for output. Table-3 Digital I/O and Power Pin States in Idle Mode Name I/O type Type Pin State in Idle Mode Reset I LVTTL Input level shall be VDD33. CS I LVTTL I/O set in input mode. Input level shall be VDD33 or VSS. SCLK I LVTTL I/O set in input mode. Input level shall be VDD33 or VSS. SDO O LVTTL I/O set in input mode. Input level shall be VDD33 or VSS. SDI I LVTTL I/O set in input mode. Input level shall be VDD33 or VSS. PM1 PM0 I LVTTL OSCI OSCO I O OSC Function Description As defined in Table-2 Oscillator powered down. OSCO stays at fixed (low) level. 20 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-3 Digital I/O and Power Pin States in Idle Mode Name I/O type Type ZX0 ZX1 ZX2 Pin State in Idle Mode O LVTTL 0 CF1 CF2 CF3 CF4 O LVTTL 0 WarnOut O LVTTL 0 IRQ0 IRQ1 O LVTTL 0 VDD18 I Power Regulated 1.8V: high impedance DVDD I Power Digital Power Supply: powered by system AVDD I Power Analog Power Supply: powered by system Test I Input Always tie to ground in system application Function Description 21 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.6.3 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC The digital I/O state is the same as that in Idle state (except for IRQ0/ IRQ1 and PM1/PM0). DETECTION MODE (D MODE) In Detection mode, the current detector is active. The current detector compares whether any phase current exceeds the configured threshold using low-power comparators. The 90E32A has two comparators for detecting each phase’s positive and negative current. Each comparator’s threshold can be set individually. The two comparators are both active by default, which called ‘double-side detection’. User also can enable one comparator only to save power consumption, which called ‘single-side detection’. When the current of one phase or multiple phases exceeds the configured threshold, the 90E32A asserts the IRQ0 pin to high and hold it until power mode change. The IRQ0 state is cleared when entering or exiting Detection mode. Double-side detection has faster response and can detect ‘half-wave’ current. But it consumes nearly twice as much power as single-side detection. When the current of all three current channels exceed the configured threshold, the 90E32A asserts the IRQ1 pin to high and hold it until power mode change. The IRQ1 state is cleared when entering or exiting Detection mode. Comparators can be power-down by configuring the DetectCtrl register. The threshold registers need to be programmed in Normal mode before entering Detection mode. OSCI Power On Reset OSCO Crystal Oscillator VDD18 Regulator Power Mode Configuration Energy Metering (Forward/Reverse Active/Reactive/CF generator) Current Detector ADC-I1 ADC-I2 ADC-I3 DSP Measure and Monitoring (V/I/rms, SAG, Phase, Freq) ADC-V1 ADC-V2 ADC-V3 Temperature Sensor CF Out Zero Crossing Warn Out Control Logic IRQ SPI Interface Reference Voltage Figure-8 Block Diagram in Detection Mode Function Description 22 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.6.4 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC In this mode, the user needs to program the related registers (including PGA gain, channel gain, offset, etc.) to make the current RMS measurement accurate. Refer to 5.2 Partial Measurement mode Calibration. Please note that not all registers in this mode is accessible. Only the Partial Measurement related registers (14H~1DH) and some special registers (00H, 01H, 03H, 07H,0EH, 0FH) can be accessed. PARTIAL MEASUREMENT MODE (M MODE) In this mode, Voltage ADCs and digital circuits are inactive. The 90E32A measures the current RMS of one line cycle. When the measurement is done, the 90E32A asserts the IRQ0 pin high until the Partial Measurement mode exits. OSCI Power On Reset OSCO Crystal Oscillator VDD18 Regulator Power Mode Configuration Energy Metering (Forward/Reverse Active/Reactive/CF generator) Current Detector ADC-I1 ADC-I2 ADC-I3 DSP ADC-IN Measure and Monitoring (V/I/rms, SAG, Phase, Freq) ADC-V1 ADC-V2 ADC-V3 CF Out Zero Crossing Warn Out Temperature Sensor Control Logic IRQ SPI Interface Reference Voltage Disabled Figure-9 Block Diagram in Partial Measurement mode Function Description 23 April 2, 2013 90E32A 3.6.5 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC TRANSITION OF POWER MODES The above power modes are controlled by the PM0 and PM1 pins. In application, the PM0 and PM1 pins are connected to external MCU. The PM0 and PM1 pins have internal RC- filters. Normal Mode Generally, the 90E32A stays in Idle mode most of the time while outage. It enters Detection mode at a certain interval (for example 5s) as controlled by the MCU. It informs the MCU if the current exceeds the configured threshold. The MCU then commands the 90E32A to enter Partial Measurement mode at a certain interval (e.g. 60s) to read related current. After current reading, the 90E32A gets back to the Idle mode. Idle Mode The measured current may be used to count energy according to some metering model (like current RMS multiplying the rated voltage to compute the power). Any power mode transition goes through the Idle mode, as shown in Figure-10. Detection Mode Partial Measurement Mode Figure-10 Power Mode Transition Function Description 24 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 3.7 EVENT DETECTION 3.7.1 ZERO-CROSSING DETECTION greater than the threshold, the INOv0 bit (b14, SysStatus1) bit is set. IRQ1 is generated if the corresponding Enable bit the INOv0En bit (b14, FuncEn1) is set. Zero-crossing detector detects the zero-crossing point of the fundamental component of voltage and current for each of the 3 phases. 3.7.5 The phase sequence is detected in two cases: 3P4W and 3P3W, which is defined by the 3P3W bit (b8, MMode0). Zero-crossing signal can be independently configured and output. Refer to the definition of the ZXConfig register. 3.7.2 3P4W case: SAG DETECTION Correct sequence: Voltage/current zero-crossing sequence: phaseA, phase-B and phase-C. Usually in the application the Sag threshold is set to be 78% of the reference voltage. The 90E32A generates Sag event when there are less than three 8KHz samples (absolute value) greater than the sag threshold during two continuous 11ms time-window. 3P3W case: Correct sequence: Voltage/current zero-crossing between phase-A and phase-C is greater than 180 degree. For the computation of Sag threshold register value, refer to AN-644. If the above mentioned criteria are violated, it is assumed as a phase sequence error. The Sag event is captured by the SagWarn bit (b3, SysStatus0). If the corresponding IRQ enable bit the SagWnEn bit (b3, FuncEn0) is set, IRQ can be generated. Refer to Figure-21. 3.7.3 3.8 PHASE LOSS DETECTION The processing and handling is similar to sag detection, only the threshold is different. The threshold computation flow is also similar. The typical threshold setting could be 10% Un or less. If any phase line is detected as in phase-loss mode, that phase’s zero-crossing detection function (both voltage and current) is disabled. The result is in different format and different scale for the RMS and average respectively. The RMS result is unsigned; while current average is signed. COMPUTED NEUTRAL LINE OVERCURRENT DETECTION Refer to 6.3.2 Partial Measurement mode Registers for associated register definition. The neutral line computed current (calculated) RMS is checked with the threshold defined in the INWarnTh0 register. If the N Line current is Function Description DC AND CURRENT RMS ESTIMATION The 90E32A has a module named ‘PMS’ which can estimate current channel RMS or current channel arithmetic average (DC component). The measurement type is defined in the PMConfig register. It can be used to estimate current RMS in Partial Measurement mode. Since the PMS block only consume very small power, it can be also used to estimate current RMS in Normal mode. The PMS module is turned on in both Partial Measurement mode and Normal mode. The phase loss detection detects if there is one or more phases’ voltage is less than the phase-loss threshold voltage. 3.7.4 PHASE SEQUENCE ERROR DETECTION 25 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 4 SPI INTERFACE 4.1 INTERFACE DESCRIPTION • • • • Four pins are associated with the interface as below: SPI Interface logic (As slave) SDI SDO SCLK CS SDI – Data pin, input. SDO – Data pin, output. SCLK – Clock input pin. CS – Chip select pin Input. MOSI MISO SCK CS Host controller in master mode MOSI MISO SCK GPIO1 Figure-11 Slave Mode SPI Interface 26 April 2, 2013 90E32A 4.2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC SPI INTERFACE The interface works in slave mode as shown in Figure-11. 4.2.1 Instruction Read Write SPI SLAVE INTERFACE FORMAT In the SPI mode, data on SDI is shifted into the chip on the rising edge of SCLK while data on SDO is shifted out of the chip on the falling edge of SCLK. Description read from registers write to registers Instruction Format 1 0 Address: Fixed 15-bit, following the access type bits. The lower 10-bit is decoded as address; the higher 5 bits are ‘Don't Care’. Refer to Figure-12 and Figure-13 below for the timing diagram. Access type: Read/Write data: The first bit on SDI defines the access type as below: Fixed as 16 bits. Read Sequence: CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 SCLK Register Address SDI X X X X X A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 16-bit data High Impedance SDO Don't care A0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D5 D6 D4 D3 D2 D0 D1 Figure-12 Read Sequence Write Sequence: CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 SCLK Register Address SDI X X X X X A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 16-bit data A3 A2 A1 A0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 High Impedance SDO Figure-13 Write Sequence 4.2.2 Write: access occurs only when CS goes from low to high and there are exactly 32 SCLK cycles received during CS low period. RELIABILITY ENHANCEMENT FEATURE The SPI read/write transaction is CS-low defined. Each transaction can only access one register. Read: if SCLK>=16 (full address received), data is read out from internal registers and gets to the SDO pin; and the LastSPIData register is updated. The R/C registers can only be cleared after the LastSPIData register is updated. Within each CS-low defined transaction: SPI Interface 27 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 5 CALIBRATION METHOD 5.1 NORMAL MODE OPERATION CALIBRATION Step-3: Metering calibration (per phase) - First calibrate the Power/ Energy offset. • U = Un, I = 0. • Read full 32 bits (or lower 16 bits) Active and Reactive Power • Calculate the compensation values • Write the calculated values to the offset registers respectively. - Then calibrate Energy gain at unity power factor: • PF=1.0, U = Un, I = In (Ib). • Connect CF1 to the calibration bench; • User/ PC calculate the energy gain according to the data got from calibration bench • Write the calculated value to the Energy Gain register. - Then calibrate the phase angle compensation at 0.5 inductive power factor. • PF=0.5L, U = Un, I = In (Ib), Rated frequency = 50Hz, or 60Hz according to the application; • CF1 connected to the calibration bench; • User/ PC calculate the phase angle according to the data got from calibration bench; • Write the calculated value to the Phase angle register. Calibration is done per phase and there is no need to calibrate for the all-phase-sum (total) parameters. The calibration method is as follows: Step-1: Register configuration for calibration - Start to configure the System configuration Registers by writing 5678H to the ConfigStart register. - The 90E32A automatically reset the configuration registers to their default value. - Program all the system configuration registers. - Calculate and write the checksum to the CS0 register. - Write 8765H to the ConfigStart register (enable checksum checking). - System may check the WarnOut pin to see if there is a checksum error. The start register and checksum handling scheme is the same throughout the calibration process, so the following section does not describe the start and checksum operation. 5.2 Step-2: Measurement calibration (per-phase) - First calibrate offset at I = 0, U = 0 for current or/and voltage; • Configure calculated channel Gain (The user needs to program the PGA gain and DPGA gain properly in order to get the calculated gain within 0 to 2 in step-1). • Read Irms/ Urms value. • Calculate the compensation value. • Write the calculated value to the offset register. - Then calibrate gain at I = In (Ib), U = Un for current and voltage; • Read Irms/ Urms value. • Calculate the compensation value. • Write the calculated value to the Gain register. PARTIAL MEASUREMENT MODE CALIBRATION The calibration method is as follows: Step-1: Set the input current to zero and measure the current mean value (set MeasureType = 1, write 1 to the ReMeasure bit (b14, PMConfig) to trigger the measurement. Refer to the PMIrmsA register). Negate the result register (the PMIrmsA/PMIrmsB/PMIrmsC registers) reading (16-bit) and then write the result to the offset register. Step-2: The output of Partial Measurement result = ADC_input_voltage *PGA_gain*DPGA_gain*65536 / 1.2. For instance, a 150 mVrms signal (from CT) with PGA = 1 gets 8192 in the RMS result register. Step-3: The user needs to do its own conversion to get meaningful result. The scaling factor in user's software could be calibrated device per device. Calibration Method 28 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 6 REGISTER 6.1 REGISTER LIST Table-4 Register List Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type 00H SoftReset W Software Reset P 36 01H SysStatus0 R/C System Status 0 P 38 02H SysStatus1 R/C System Status 1 P 38 03H FuncEn0 R/W Function Enable 0 P 40 04H FuncEn1 R/W Function Enable 1 P 40 07H ZXConfig R/W Zero-Crossing Configuration 08H SagTh R/W Voltage Sag Threshold 09H PhaseLossTh R/W Voltage Phase Losing Threshold 0AH INWarnTh0 R/W Threshold for calculated (Ia + Ib +Ic) N line rms Check SysStatus0/1 register. current P 42 0CH THDNUTh R/W Voltage THD Warning Threshold Check SysStatus0/1 register. P 42 0DH THDNITh R/W Current THD Warning Threshold Check SysStatus0/1 register. P 42 0FH LastSPIData R Last Read/ Write SPI Value Refer to 4.2.2 Reliability Enhancement Feature P 43 10H DetectCtrl R/W Current Detect Control P 44 11H DetectTh1 R/W Channel 1 current threshold in Detection mode P 45 12H DetectTh2 R/W Channel 2 current threshold in Detection mode P 45 13H DetectTh3 R/W Channel 3 current threshold in Detection mode P 46 P 46 Functional Description Comment Page Status and Special Register Configuration of ZX0/1/2 pins’ source P 41 P 42 Similar to Voltage Sag Threshold register P 42 Low Power Mode Register 14H PMOffsetA R/W Ioffset for phase A in Partial Measurement mode 15H PMOffsetB R/W Ioffset for phase B in Partial Measurement mode P 46 16H PMOffsetC R/W Ioffset for phase C in Partial Measurement mode P 46 17H PMPGA R/W PGAgain Configuration in Partial Measurement mode P 47 18H PMIrmsA R Irms for phase A in Partial Measurement mode P 47 19H PMIrmsB R Irms for phase B in Partial Measurement mode P 47 1AH PMIrmsC R Irms for phase C in Partial Measurement mode P 47 P 48 P 48 1BH PMConfig R/W Measure configuration in Partial Measurement mode 1CH PMAvgSamples R/W Number of 8K samples to be averaged in RMS/ mean computation 1DH PMIrmsLSB R LSB bits of PMRrms[A/B/C] 30H ConfigStart R/W Calibration Start Command P 50 31H PLconstH R/W High Word of PL_Constant P 50 32H PLconstL R/W Low Word of PL_Constant P 50 It returns MSB of the mean measurement data in Mean value test P 48 Configuration Registers Register 29 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type 33H MMode0 R/W Metering method configuration P 51 P 52 Functional Description 34H MMode1 R/W PGA gain configuration 35H PStartTh R/W Active Startup Power Threshold. 36H QStartTh R/W Reactive Startup Power Threshold. 37H SStartTh R/W Apparent Startup Power Threshold. 38H PPhaseTh R/W Startup Power Threshold (Active Energy Accumulation) 39H QPhaseTh R/W Startup Power Threshold (ReActive Energy Accumulation) 3AH SPhaseTh R/W Startup Power Threshold (Apparent Energy Accumulation) 3BH CS0 R/W Checksum 0 Comment Page Refer to Table-5. P 53 Calibration Registers 40H CalStart R/W Calibration Start Command 41H PoffsetA R/W Phase A Active Power Offset P 54 42H QoffsetA R/W Phase A Reactive Power Offset P 54 43H POffsetB R/W Phase B Active Power Offset 44H QOffsetB R/W Phase B Reactive Power Offset 45H POffsetC R/W Phase C Active Power Offset 46H QOffsetC R/W Phase C Reactive Power Offset 47H GainA R/W Phase A calibration gain 48H PhiA R/W Phase A calibration phase angle 49H GainB R/W Phase B calibration gain 4AH PhiB R/W Phase B calibration phase angle 4BH GainC R/W Phase C calibration gain 4CH PhiC R/W Phase C calibration phase angle 4DH CS1 R/W Refer to Table-6. P 54 P 54 Checksum 1 Fundamental/ Harmonic Energy Calibration registers 50H HarmStart R/W Harmonic Calibration Startup Command 51H POffsetAF R/W Phase A Fundamental Active Power Offset 52H POffsetBF R/W Phase B Fundamental Active Power Offset 53H POffsetCF R/W Phase C Fundamental Active Power Offset 54H PGainAF R/W Phase A Fundamental Active Power Gain 55H PGainBF R/W Phase B Fundamental Active Power Gain 56H PGainCF R/W Phase C Fundamental Active Power Gain 57H CS2 R/W Checksum 2 Register 30 Refer to Table-7. April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment Page Measurement Calibration 60H AdjStart R/W Measurement Calibration Startup Command 61H UgainA R/W Phase A Voltage RMS Gain 62H IgainA R/W Phase A Current RMS Gain 63H UoffsetA R/W Phase A Voltage RMS Offset 64H IoffsetA R/W Phase A Current RMS Offset 65H UgainB R/W Phase B Voltage RMS Gain 66H IgainB R/W Phase B Current RMS Gain 67H UoffsetB R/W Phase B Voltage RMS Offset 68H IoffsetB R/W Phase B Current RMS Offset 69H UgainC R/W Phase C Voltage RMS Gain 6AH IgainC R/W Phase C Current RMS Gain 6BH UoffsetC R/W Phase C Voltage RMS Offset 6CH IoffsetC R/W Phase C Current RMS Offset 6FH CS3 R/W Checksum 3 80H APenergyT R/C Total Forward Active Energy 81H APenergyA R/C Phase A Forward Active Energy 82H APenergyB R/C Phase B Forward Active Energy 83H APenergyC R/C Phase C Forward Active Energy 84H ANenergyT R/C Total Reverse Active Energy 85H ANenergyA R/C Phase A Reverse Active Energy 86H ANenergyB R/C Phase B Reverse Active Energy 87H ANenergyC R/C Phase C Reverse Active Energy 88H RPenergyT R/C Total Forward Reactive Energy Refer to Table-8. Energy Register 89H RPenergyA R/C Phase A Forward Reactive Energy 8AH RPenergyB R/C Phase B Forward Reactive Energy 8BH RPenergyC R/C Phase C Forward Reactive Energy 8CH RNenergyT R/C Total Reverse Reactive Energy Refer to Table-9. 8DH RNenergyA R/C Phase A Reverse Reactive Energy 8EH RNenergyB R/C Phase B Reverse Reactive Energy 8FH RNenergyC R/C Phase C Reverse Reactive Energy 90H SAenergyT R/C Total (Arithmetic Sum) Apparent Energy 91H SenergyA R/C Phase A Apparent Energy 92H SenergyB R/C Phase B Apparent Energy 93H SenergyC R/C 95H EnStatus0 R Metering Status 0 P 56 96H EnStatus1 R Metering Status 1 P 57 Register Phase C Apparent Energy 31 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment Page Fundamental / Harmonic Energy Register A0H APenergyTF R/C Total Forward Active Fundamental Energy A1H APenergyAF R/C Phase A Forward Active Fundamental Energy A2H APenergyBF R/C Phase B Forward Active Fundamental Energy A3H APenergyCF R/C Phase C Forward Active Fundamental Energy A4H ANenergyTF R/C Total Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A5H ANenergyAF R/C Phase A Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A6H ANenergyBF R/C Phase B Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A7H ANenergyCF R/C Phase C Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A8H APenergyTH R/C Total Forward Active Harmonic Energy A9H APenergyAH R/C Phase A Forward Active Harmonic Energy AAH APenergyBH R/C Phase B Forward Active Harmonic Energy ABH APenergyCH R/C Phase C Forward Active Harmonic Energy ACH ANenergyTH R/C Total Reverse Active Harmonic Energy ADH ANenergyAH R/C Phase A Reverse Active Harmonic Energy AEH ANenergyBH R/C Phase B Reverse Active Harmonic Energy AFH ANenergyCH R/C Phase C Reverse Active Harmonic Energy Register 32 P 57 Refer to Table-10. April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment Page Power and Power Factor Registers B0H PmeanT R Total (all-phase-sum) Active Power B1H PmeanA R Phase A Active Power B2H PmeanB R Phase B Active Power B3H PmeanC R Phase C Active Power B4H QmeanT R Total (all-phase-sum) Reactive Power B5H QmeanA R Phase A Reactive Power B6H QmeanB R Phase B Reactive Power B7H QmeanC R Phase C Reactive Power B8H SAmeanT R Total (Arithmetic Sum) apparent power B9H SmeanA R phase A apparent power BAH SmeanB R phase B apparent power BBH SmeanC R phase C apparent power BCH PFmeanT R Total power factor BDH PFmeanA R phase A power factor BEH PFmeanB R phase B power factor BFH PFmeanC R phase C power factor C0H PmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (all-phase-sum) Active Power C1H PmeanALSB R Lower word of Phase A Active Power C2H PmeanBLSB R Lower word of Phase B Active Power C3H PmeanCLSB R Lower word of Phase C Active Power C4H QmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (all-phase-sum) Reactive Power C5H QmeanALSB R Lower word of Phase A Reactive Power C6H QmeanBLSB R Lower word of Phase B Reactive Power C7H QmeanCLSB R Lower word of Phase C Reactive Power C8H SAmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (Arithmetic Sum) apparent power Lower word of phase A apparent power C9H SmeanALSB R CAH SmeanBLSB R Lower word of phase B apparent power CBH SmeanCLSB R Lower word of phase C apparent power Register 33 P 57 Refer to Table-11. April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment Page Fundamental / Harmonic Power and Voltage / Current RMS Registers D0H PmeanTF R Total active fundamental power D1H PmeanAF R phase A active fundamental power D2H PmeanBF R phase B active fundamental power D3H PmeanCF R phase C active fundamental power D4H PmeanTH R Total active harmonic power D5H PmeanAH R phase A active harmonic power D6H PmeanBH R phase B active harmonic power D7H PmeanCH R phase C active harmonic power D9H UrmsA R phase A voltage RMS DAH UrmsB R phase B voltage RMS DBH UrmsC R phase C voltage RMS DCH IrmsN0 R N Line calculated current RMS DDH IrmsA R phase A current RMS DEH IrmsB R phase B current RMS DFH IrmsC R phase C current RMS E0H PmeanTFLSB R Lower word of Total active fundamental Power E1H PmeanAFLSB R Lower word of phase A active fundamental Power E2H PmeanBFLSB R Lower word of phase B active fundamental Power E3H PmeanCFLSB R Lower word of phase C active fundamental Power E9H UrmsALSB R Lower word of phase A voltage RMS EAH UrmsBLSB R Lower word of phase B voltage RMS EBH UrmsCLSB R Lower word of phase C voltage RMS EDH IrmsALSB R Lower word of phase A current RMS EEH IrmsBLSB R Lower word of phase B current RMS EFH IrmsCLSB R Lower word of phase C current RMS Register 34 P 58 Refer to Table-12. April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-4 Register List (Continued) Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment Page THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers F1H THDNUA R phase A voltage THD+N F2H THDNUB R phase B voltage THD+N F3H THDNUC R phase C voltage THD+N F5H THDNIA R phase A current THD+N F6H THDNIB R phase B current THD+N F7H THDNIC R phase C current THD+N F8H Freq R Frequency F9H PAngleA R phase A mean phase angle FAH PAngleB R phase B mean phase angle FBH PAngleC R phase C mean phase angle FCH Temp R Measured temperature FDH UangleA R phase A voltage phase angle FEH UangleB R phase B voltage phase angle FFH UangleC R phase C voltage phase angle Register 35 P 59 Refer to Table-13. April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 6.2 SPECIAL REGISTERS 6.2.1 SOFT RESET REGISTER SoftReset Software Reset Address: 00H Type: Write Default Value: 0000H Bit 15 - 0 Register Name Description Software reset register. The 90E32A resets only if 789AH is written to this register. The reset domain is the same as the RESET SoftReset[15:0] pin or Power On Reset. Reading this register always return 0. 36 April 2, 2013 90E32A 6.2.2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Status bits in the SysStatus1 register generate an interrupt and get the IRQ1 pin to be asserted, if the corresponding enable bits are set in the FuncEn1 register. IRQ AND WARNOUT SIGNAL GENERATION Status bits in the SysStatus0 register generate an interrupt and get the IRQ0 pin to be asserted if the corresponding enable bits are set in the FuncEn0 register. Some of the status signals can also assert the WarnOut pin. The following diagram illustrates how the status bits, enable bits and IRQ/ WarnOut pins work together. WarnOut event capture Status without enable Status 1 Read clear Status with enable Status 2 EN Read clear Enable 2 IRQ0/1 event capture Status n Read clear Register bits in SysStatus0/1 Enable n Register bits in FuncEn0/1 Figure-14 IRQ and WarnOut Generation Register 37 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC SysStatus0 System Status 0 Address: 01H Type: Read/Clear Default Value: 0000H Bit 15 Name - Description Reserved. * This bit indicates CS0 (3BH) checksum status. 0: CS0 checksum correct (default) 1: CS0 checksum error. The WarnOut pin is asserted at the same time. 14 CS0Err 13 - 12 CS1Err 11 - 10 CS2Err 9 - 8 CS3Err This bit indicates CS3 (6FH) checksum status. 0: CS3 checksum correct (default) 1: CS3 checksum error. The WarnOut pin is asserted at the same time. 7 URevWn This bit indicates whether there is any error with the voltage phase sequence. 0: No error with the voltage phase sequence (default) 1: Error with the voltage phase sequence. 6 IRevWn This bit indicates whether there is any error with the current phase sequence. 0: No error with the current phase sequence (default) 1: Error with the current phase sequence. 5-4 - 3 SagWarn 2 1-0 Reserved. This bit indicates CS1 (4DH) checksum status. 0: CS1 checksum correct (default) 1: CS1 checksum error. The WarnOut pin is asserted at the same time. Reserved. This bit indicates CS2 (57H) checksum status. 0: CS2 checksum correct (default) 1: CS2 checksum error. The WarnOut pin is asserted at the same time. Reserved. Reserved. This bit indicates whether there is any voltage sag (voltage lower than threshold) in one phase or more. 0: No voltage sag (default) 1: Voltage sag. This bit indicates whether there is any voltage phase losing in one phase or more. PhaseLoseWn 0: No voltage phase losing (default) 1: Voltage phase losing. Reserved. Note: All reserved bits of any register should be ignored when reading and should be written with zero. Register 38 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC SysStatus1 System Status 1 Address: 02H Type: Read/Clear Default Value: 0000H Bit 15 Name - 14 INOv0 13-12 - Description Reserved. This bit indicates whether the calculated N line current is greater than the threshold set by the INWarnTh0 register. 0: Not greater than the threshold (default) 1: Greater than the threshold. Reserved. THDUOv This bit indicates whether one or more voltage THDUx (THDUA/ THDUB/ THDUC) is greater than the threshold set by the THDNUTh register. 0: Not greater than the threshold (default) 1: Greater than the threshold. 10 THDIOv This bit indicates whether one or more current THDIx (THDIA/ THDIB/ THDIC) is greater than the threshold set by the THDNITh register. 0: Not greater than the threshold (default) 1: Greater than the threshold. 9-8 - 11 7 RevQchgT 6 RevQchgA 5 RevQchgB 4 RevQchgC 3 RevPchgT 2 RevPchgA 1 RevPchgB 0 RevPchgC Register Reserved. When there is any direction change of active/reactive energy for all-phase-sum or individual phase (from forward to reverse, or from reverse to forward), the corresponding status bit is set. The judgment of direction change is solely based on the energy register (not related to the CF pulses), and dependent on the energy register resolution (0.01CF / 0.1CF setting set by the 001LSB bit (b9, MMode0)). 0: direction of active/reactive energy no change (default) 1: direction of active/reactive energy changed The status bits are RevQchgT/ RevPchgT are status bits for all-phase-sum and RevQchgA/ RevQchgB/ RevQchgC/ RevPchgA/ RevPchgB/ RevPchgC are for individual phase. 39 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC FuncEn0 Function Enable 0 Address: 03H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit 15-11 Name - 10 CS2ErrEn 9-8 - 7 URevWnEn This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the URevWn bit (b7, SysStatus0) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 6 IRevWnEn This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the IRevWn bit (b6, SysStatus0) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 5-4 - 3 SagWnEn 2 1-0 Description Reserved. This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the CS2Err bit (b10, SysStatus0) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable Reserved. Reserved. This bit determines whether to enable the voltage sag interrupt when the SagWarn bit (b3, SysStatus0) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the PhaseLoseWn bit (b2, SysStatus0) is set. PhaseLoseWnEn 0: disable (default) 1: enable Reserved. FuncEn1 Function Enable 1 Address: 04H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15 INOv1En This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the INOv1 bit (b15, SysStatus1) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 14 INOv0En This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the INOv0 bit (b14, SysStatus1) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable Register Description 40 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 13-12 - 11 THDUOvEn This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the THDUOv bit (b11, SysStatus1) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 10 THDIOvEn This bit determines whether to enable the interrupt when the THDIOv bit (b10, SysStatus1) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 9-8 - 7 RevQchgTEn 6 RevQchgAEn 5 RevQchgBEn 4 RevQchgCEn 3 RevPchgTEn 2 RevPchgAEn 1 RevPchgBEn 0 RevPchgCEn 6.2.3 Reserved. Reserved. These bits determine whether to enable the corresponding interrupt when any of the direction change bits (b7~b0, SysStatus1) is set. 0: disable (default) 1: enable SPECIAL CONFIGURATION REGISTERS ZXConfig Zero-Crossing Configuration Address: 07H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0001H Bit Name 15:13 ZX2Src[2:0] 12:10 ZX1Src[2:0] 9:7 ZX0Src[2:0] 6:5 ZX2Con[1:0] 4:3 ZX1Con[1:0] 2:1 ZX0Con[1:0] 0 ZXdis Register Description These bits select the signal source for the ZX2, ZX1 or ZX0 pins. Code 011 000 001 010 111 100 101 110 Source Fixed-0 Ua Ub Uc Fixed-0 Ia Ib Ic These bits configure zero-crossing mode for the ZX2, ZX1 and ZX0 pins. Code 00 01 10 11 Zero-Crossing Configuration positive zero-crossing negative zero-crossing all zero-crossing no zero-crossing output This bit determines whether to disable the ZX signals: 0: enable 1: disable all the ZX signals to ‘0’ (default). 41 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC SagTh Voltage Sag Threshold Address: 08H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15:0 SagTh Description Unsigned 16-bit integer with unit related to PGA and voltage sense circuits. Refer to 3.7.2 Sag Detection. PhaseLossTh Voltage Phase Losing Threshold Address: 09H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15:0 PhaseLossTh Description Unsigned 16-bit integer with unit related to PGA and voltage sense circuits. Refer to 3.7.3 Phase Loss Detection. INWarnTh0 Neutral Current (Calculated) Warning Threshold Address: 0AH Type: Read/Write Default Value: FFFFH Bit 15:0 Name Description INWarnTh0 Neutral current (calculated) warning threshold. Threshold for calculated (Ia + Ib +Ic) N line rms current. Unsigned 16 bit, unit 1mA. If N line rms current is greater than the threshold, The INOv0 bit (b14, SysStatus1) will be asserted if enabled. Refer to 3.7.4 Computed Neutral Line Overcurrent Detection.Computed N-Line THDNUTh Voltage THD Warning Threshold Address: 0CH Type: Read/Write Default Value: FFFFH Bit 15:0 Name THDNUTh Description Voltage THD Warning threshold. Voltage THD+N Threshold. Unsigned 16 bit, unit 0.01%. Exceeding the threshold will assert the THDUOv bit (b11, SysStatus1) if enabled. THDNITh Current THD Warning Threshold Address: 0DH Type: Read/Write Default Value: FFFFH Bit Name 15:0 THDNITh Register Description Current THD Warning threshold. Current THD+N Threshold. Unsigned 16-bit, unit 0.01%. Exceeding the threshold will assert the THDIOv bit (b10, SysStatus1) if enabled. 42 April 2, 2013 90E32A 6.2.4 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC LAST SPI DATA REGISTER LastSPIData Last Read/Write SPI Value Address: 0FH Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit 15:0 Register Name Description LastSPIData15 - This register is a special register which logs data of the previous SPI Read or Write access especially for Read/Clear registers. LastSPIData0 This register is useful when the user wants to check the integrity of the last SPI access. 43 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 6.3 LOW-POWER MODES REGISTERS 6.3.1 DETECTION MODE REGISTERS Current Detection register latching scheme is: When any of the 4 current detection registers (0x10 - 0x13) were programmed, all the 4 current detection registers (including the registers that not being programmed) will be automatically latched into the current detector's internal configuration latches at the same time. Those latched configuration values are not subject to digital reset signals and will be kept in all the 4 power modes. The power up value of those latches is not deterministic, so user needs to program the current detection registers to update. Current detector register Write update Current Detector block registers 0x10 latch 0x11 latch 0x12 latch 0x13 latch Figure-15 Current Detection Register Latching Scheme DetectCtrl Current Detect Control Address: 10H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15:6 - 5:0 DetectCtrl Register Description Reserved. Detector power-down, active high: [5:3]: Power-down for negative detector of channel 3/2/1; [2:0]: Power-down for positive detector of channel 3/2/1. 44 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC DetectTh1 Channel 1 Current Threshold in Detection Mode Address: 11H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15 - 14:8 CalCodeN 7 - 6:0 CalCodeP Description Reserved. Channel 1 current negative detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms Reserved. Channel 1 current positive detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms DetectTh2 Channel 2 Current Threshold in Detection Mode Address: 12H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15 - 14:8 CalCodeN 7 - 6:0 Register CalCodeP Description Reserved. Channel 2 current negative detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms Reserved. Channel 2 current positive detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms 45 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC DetectTh3 Channel 3 Current Threshold in Detection Mode Address: 13H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15 - 14:8 CalCodeN 7 - 6:0 CalCodeP Description Reserved. Channel 3 current negative detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms Reserved. Channel 3 current positive detector calculation code. Code mapping: 7'b000-0000, Vc=-4.28mV=-3.03mVrms (Vc is the threshold of low power computation) 7'b111-1111, Vc=12.91mV=9.14mVrms DAC typical resolution is [12.91-(-4.28)]/127=135.4μV=95.7μVrms The calibration method is that, the user program the detection threshold and test with the standard input signal until the output trips. 6.3.2 PARTIAL MEASUREMENT MODE REGISTERS PMOffsetA Ioffset for phase A in Partial Measurement mode Address: 14H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-14 - 13:0 PMOffsetA Description Reserved. Phase A current offset in Partial Measurement mode. PMOffsetB Ioffset for phase B in Partial Measurement mode Address: 15H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-14 - 13:0 PMOffsetB Description Reserved. Phase B current offset in Partial Measurement mode. PMOffsetC Ioffset for phase C in Partial Measurement mode Address: 16H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-14 - 13:0 PMOffsetC Register Description Reserved. Phase C current offset in Partial Measurement mode. 46 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC PMPGA PGAgain Configuration in Partial Measurement mode Address: 17H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name Description 15-14 DPGA 13:0 PGAGain DPGA in Partial Measurement mode. PGAGain in Partial Measurement mode Refer to the MMode1 register for encoding and mapping. PMIrmsA Irms for phase A in Partial Measurement mode Address: 18H Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit Name Description 15:0 PMIrmsA * Current RMS/mean result in Partial Measurement mode. Format: It is unsigned for RMS while signed for mean value. Note: For current measuring in Partial Measurement mode, current gain is suggested to realized by external MCU and current RMS value shall not exceed 40A. PMIrmsB Irms for phase B in Partial Measurement mode Address: 19H Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit 15:0 Name Description * PMIrmsB Current RMS/mean result in Partial Measurement mode. Format: It is unsigned for RMS while signed for mean value. Note: For current measuring in Partial Measurement Mode, current gain is suggested to realized by external MCU and current RMS value shall not exceed 40A. PMIrmsC Irms for phase C in Partial Measurement mode Address: 1AH Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit Name Description 15:0 PMIrmsC * Current RMS/mean result in Partial Measurement mode. Format: It is unsigned for RMS while signed for mean value. Note: For current measuring in Partial Measurement Mode, current gain is suggested to realized by external MCU and current RMS value shall not exceed 40A. Register 47 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC PMConfig Measure Configuration in Partial Measurement mode Address: 1BH Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15 - 14 ReMeasure 13 Description Reserved. This bit is ‘1’-write-only. Write ‘1’ to this bit will trigger another measurement cycle. This bit configures start of measurement whether starts from zero crossing point. MeasureStartZX 0: Measurement start immediately (default) 1: Measurement start from zero-crossing point 12 MeasureType 11-1 - 0 PMBusy This bit indicates the measurement type. 0: RMS measurement (default) 1: Mean Value (DC Average) measurement Reserved. This bit indicates the measure status. This bit is read-only. 0: Measurement done (default) 1: Measurement in progress PMAvgSamples Number of 8K Samples to be Averaged Address: 1CH Type: Read Default Value: 00A0H Bit Name 15:0 - Description Number of 8K samples to be averaged in RMS/mean computation. PMIrmsLSB LSB bits of PMRrms[A/B/C] Address: 1DH Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15:12 - 11:8 IrmsCLSB 7:4 IrmsBLSB 3:0 IrmsALSB Register Description Reserved. These bits indicate LSB of the corresponding phase RMS measurement result if the MeasureType bit (b12, PMConfig) =0. These bits indicate MSB of the corresponding phase mean measurement result if the MeasureType bit (b12, PMConfig) =1. 48 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 6.4 CONFIGURATION AND CALIBRATION REGISTERS 6.4.1 START REGISTERS AND ASSOCIATED CHECKSUM OPERATION SCHEME The Start Registers (ConfigStart (30H), CalStart (40H), HarmStart (50H) and AdjStart (60H)) and associated registers / checksum have a special operation scheme to protect important configuration data, illustrated below in the diagram. Start registers have multiple valid settings for different operation modes. Start Register Value 6886H Usage Power up state 5678H Calibration 8765H Other Operation Error Operation It is the value after reset. This state blocks checksum checking error generation Similar like 6886H, This state blocks checksum checking error generation. Writing with this value trigger a reset to the associated registers. Checksum checking is enabled and if error detected, IRQ/Warn is asserted and Metering stopped. Force checksum error generation and system stop. xxxStart = 5678H xxxStart register Start Associated Regisers 0 1 1 0 Metering Enable 0 Checksum Error IRQ/WarnOut Generation 0 1 Error Checksum Computation User Read CheckSum (computed) User Write CheckSum (programmed) 0 xxxStart = 8765H 1 xxxStart = 6886H ⎯ xxxStart refers to ConfigStart, CalStart, HarmStart and AdjStart. Those registers and their assoicated checksum computation has similar behavior. ⎯ xxxStart registers’ reset value is 6886H. ⎯ Writing 5678H to xxxStart register will trigger a reset to its associated register. Register can be accessed after reset. ⎯ xxxStart associated register is the register between xxxStart and associated checksum Compare Error? Figure-16 Start and Checksum Register Operation Scheme 6.4.2 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Table-5 Configuration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Configuration Registers Power-on Value and Comments * 30H ConfigStart R/W Calibration Start Command 6886H 31H PLconstH R/W High Word of PL_Constant 0861H 32H PLconstL R/W Low Word of PL_Constant C468H 33H MMode0 R/W HPF/Integrator On/off, CF and all-phase energy 0087H computation configuration 34H MMode1 R/W PGA gain configuration 0000H 35H PStartTh R/W Active Startup Power Threshold. 16 bit unsigned integer, Unit: 0.00032 Watt 0000H. 36H QStartTh R/W Reactive Startup Power Threshold. 16 bit unsigned integer, Unit: 0.00032 var 0000H 37H SStartTh R/W Apparent Startup Power Threshold. 16 bit unsigned integer, Unit: 0.00032 VA 0000H Register 49 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-5 Configuration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Power-on Value and Comments 38H PPhaseTh R/W Startup power threshold (for |P|+|Q| of a phase) for 0000H any phase participating Active Energy Accumula- 16 bit unsigned integer, tion. Common for phase A/B/C. Unit: 0.00032 Watt/var 39H QPhaseTh R/W Startup power threshold (for |P|+|Q| of a phase) for 0000H any phase participating ReActive Energy Accumula- 16bit unsigned integer, tion. Common for phase A/B/C. Unit: 0.00032 Watt/var 3AH SPhaseTh RW Startup power threshold (for |P|+|Q| of a phase) for 0000H any phase participating Apparent Energy Accumula- 16 bit unsigned integer, tion. Common for phase A/B/C. Unit: 0.00032 Watt/var 3BH CS0 R/W Checksum 0 Checksum register. 421CH (calculated value after reset) Note: For details, please refer to application note AN-644. ConfigStart Configure Start Command Address: 30H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 6886H Bit 15 - 0 Name CalStart[15:0] Description Refer to 6.4.1 Start Registers and Associated Checksum Operation Scheme. PLconstH High Word of PL_Constant Address: 31H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0861H Bit 15 - 0 Name Description The PLconstH[15:0] and PLconstL[15:0] bits are high word and low word of PL_Constant respectively. PL_Constant is a constant which is proportional to the sampling ratios of voltage and current, and inversely proportional to the Meter Constant. PL_Constant is a threshold for energy calculated inside the chip, i.e., energy larger than PL_Constant will be PLconstH[15:0] accumulated as 0.01CFx in the corresponding energy registers and then output on CFx if one CF reaches. It is suggested to set PL_constant as a multiple of 4 so as to double or redouble Meter Constant in low current state to save verification time. PLconstL Low Word of PL_Constant Address: 32H Type: Read/Write Default Value: C468H Bit 15 - 0 Register Name Description The PLconstH[15:0] and PLconstL[15:0] bits are high word and low word of PL_Constant respectively. PLconstL[15:0] It is suggested to set PL_constant as a multiple of 4. 50 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC MMode0 Metering method configuration Address: 33H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0087H Bit Name 15-14 - Description Reserved. 13 I1I3Swap This bit defines phase mapping for I1 and I3: 0: I1 maps to phase A, I3 maps to phase C (default) 1: I1 maps to phase C, I3 maps to phase A Note: I2 always maps to phase B. 12 Freq60Hz Current Grid operating line frequency. 0: 50Hz (default) 1: 60Hz 11 HPFOff Disable HPF in the signal processing path. 10 didtEn Enable Integrator for didt current sensor. 0: disable (default) 1: enable 9 001LSB Energy register LSB configuration for all energy registers: 0: 0.1CF (default) 1: 0.01CF 8 3P3W 7 CF2varh 6 - Reserved. 5 - Reserved. 4 ABSEnQ 3 ABSEnP 2 EnPA 1 EnPB 0 EnPC Register This bit defines the voltage/current phase sequence detection mode: 0: 3P4W (default) 1: 3P3W (Ua is Uab, Uc is Ucb, Ub is not used) CF2 pin source: 0: apparent energy 1: reactive energy (default) These bits configure the calculation method of total (all-phase-sum) reactive/active energy and power: 0: Arithmetic sum: (default) ET=EA*EnPA+ EB*EnPB+ EC*EnPC PT= PA*EnPA+ PB*EnPB+ PC*EnPC 1: Absolute sum: ET=|EA|*EnPA+ |EB|*EnPB+ |EC|*EnPC PT=|PA|*EnPA+ |PB|*EnPB+ |PC|*EnPC Note: ET is the total (all-phase-sum) energy, EA/EB/EC are the signed phase A/B/C energy respectively. Reverse energy is negative. PT is the total (all-phase-sum) power, PA/PB/PC are the signed phase A/B/C power respectively. Reverse power is negative. These bits configure whether Phase A/B/C are counted into the all-phase sum energy/power (P/Q/S). 1: Corresponding Phase A/B/C to be counted into the all-phase sum energy/power (P/Q/S) (default) 0: Corresponding Phase A/B/C not counted into the all-phase sum energy/power (P/Q/S) 51 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC MMode1 PGA Gain Configuration Address: 34H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit 15-14 Name DPGA_GAIN Description Digital PGA gain for the 4 current channels. This gain is implemented at the end of decimation filter. 00: Gain = 1 (default) 01: Gain = 2 10: Gain = 4 11: Gain = 8 PGA gain for all ADC channels. 13-0 PGA_GAIN Mapping: [13:12]: V3 [11:10]: V2 [9:8]: V1 [7:6]: [5:4]: I3 [3:2]: I2 [1:0]: I1 Encoding: 00: 1X (default) 01: 2X 10: 4X 11: N/A Register 52 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC CS0 Checksum 0 Address: 3BH Type: Read/Write Default Value: 421CH Bit Name Description This register should be written after the 31H-3AH registers are written. Suppose the high byte and the low byte of the 31H-3AH registers are shown in the below table. 15 - 0 Register Address 31H 32H 33H 34H 35H 36H 37H 38H 39H 3AH CS0[15:0] High Byte H31 H32 H33 H34 H35 H36 H37 H38 H39 H3A Low Byte L31 L32 L33 L34 L35 L36 L37 L38 L39 L3A The calculation of the CS0 register is as follows: The low byte of 3BH register is: L3B=MOD(H31+H32+...+H3A+L31+L32+...+L3A, 2^8) The high byte of 3BH register is: H3B=H31 XOR H32 XOR... XOR H3A XOR L31 XOR L32 XOR... XOR L3A The 90E32A calculates CS0 regularly. If the value of the CS0 register and the calculation by the 90E32A is different when ConfigStart=8765H, the CS0Err bit (b14, SysStatus0) is set and the WarnOut and IRQ pins are asserted. Note: The readout value of the CS0 register is the calculation by the 90E32A, which is different from what is written. There are multiple Start register and Checksum (CS0/CS1/CS2/CS3) registers for different crucial register blocks. Those registers are handled in the similar way. 6.4.3 ENERGY CALIBRATION REGISTERS Table-6 Calibration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type 40H CalStart R/W Functional Description Power-on Value Calibration Registers Calibration Start Command 6886H 41H POffsetA R/W Phase A Active Power Offset 0000H 42H QOffsetA R/W Phase A Reactive Power Offset 0000H 43H POffsetB R/W Phase B Active Power Offset 0000H 44H QOffsetB R/W Phase B Reactive Power Offset 0000H 45H POffsetC R/W Phase C Active Power Offset 0000H 46H QOffsetC R/W Phase C Reactive Power Offset 0000H 47H GainA R/W Phase A Active/Reactive Energy calibration gain 0000H 48H PhiA R/W Phase A calibration phase angle 0000H 49H GainB R/W Phase B Active/Reactive Energy calibration gain 0000H Register 53 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-6 Calibration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Power-on Value 4AH PhiB R/W Phase B calibration phase angle 0000H 4BH GainC R/W Phase C Active/Reactive Energy calibration gain 0000H 4CH PhiC R/W Phase C calibration phase angle 0000H 4DH * R/W Checksum 1 0000H CS1 Note: The calculation of the CS1 register is similar as the CS0 register by calculating the 41H-4CH registers. For details, please refer to application note AN-644. PoffsetA Phase A Active Power Offset Address: 41H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-0 Offset Description Power offset. Signed 16-bit integer. QoffsetA Phase A Reactive Power Offset Address: 42H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-0 Offset Description Power offset. Signed 16-bit integer. GainA Phase A Active/Reactive Energy calibration gain Address: 47H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-0 Gain Description Energy calibration gain. Signed integer. Actual power gain = (1+ Gain) PhiA Phase A calibration phase angle Address: 48H Type: Read/Write Default Value: 0000H Bit 15 Name DelayV 14:10 - 9:0 DelayCycles Description 0: Delay Cycles are applied to current channel. (default) 1: Delay Cycles are applied to voltage channel. Reserved. Unit is 2.048MHz cycle. It is an unsigned 10 bit integer. The phase B and phase C’s calibration registers are similar as phase A. Register 54 April 2, 2013 90E32A 6.4.4 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC FUNDAMENTAL/HARMONIC ENERGY CALIBRATION REGISTERS Table-7 Fundamental/Harmonic Energy Calibration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Power-on Value 50H HarmStart R/W Harmonic Calibration Startup Command 6886H 51H POffsetAF R/W Phase A Fundamental Active Power Offset 0000H 52H POffsetBF R/W Phase B Fundamental Active Power Offset 0000H 53H POffsetCF R/W Phase C Fundamental Active Power Offset 0000H 54H PGainAF R/W Phase A Fundamental Active Power Gain 0000H 55H PGainBF R/W Phase B Fundamental Active Power Gain 0000H 56H PGainCF R/W Phase C Fundamental Active Power Gain 0000H R/W Checksum 2 0000H 57H * CS2 Note: The calculation of the CS2 register is similar as the CS0 register by calculating the 51H-56H registers. For details, please refer to application note AN-644. 6.4.5 MEASUREMENT CALIBRATION Table-8 Measurement Calibration Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Power-on Value 60H AdjStart R/W Measurement Calibration Startup Command 6886H 61H UgainA R/W Phase A Voltage RMS Gain CE40H 62H IgainA R/W Phase A Current RMS Gain 7530H 63H UoffsetA R/W Phase A Voltage RMS Offset 0000H 64H IoffsetA R/W Phase A Current RMS Offset 0000H 65H UgainB R/W Phase B Voltage RMS Gain CE40H 66H IgainB R/W Phase B Current RMS Gain 7530H 67H UoffsetB R/W Phase B Voltage RMS Offset 0000H 68H IoffsetB R/W Phase B Current RMS Offset 0000H 69H UgainC R/W Phase C Voltage RMS Gain CE40H 6AH IgainC R/W Phase C Current RMS Gain 7530H 6BH UoffsetC R/W Phase C Voltage RMS Offset 0000H 6CH IoffsetC R/W Phase C Current RMS Offset 0000H R/W Checksum 3 8EBEH 6FH * CS3 Note: The calculation of the CS3 register is similar as the CS0 register by calculating the 61H-6EH registers. Here the value of 6DH and 6EH registers can only be read, VALUE6DH=7530H and VALUE6EH=0000H. Register 55 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 6.5 ENERGY REGISTER 6.5.1 REGULAR ENERGY REGISTERS Table-9 Regular Energy Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description 80H APenergyT R/C Total Forward Active Energy 81H APenergyA R/C Phase A Forward Active Energy 82H APenergyB R/C Phase B Forward Active Energy 83H APenergyC R/C Phase C Forward Active Energy 84H ANenergyT R/C Total Reverse Active Energy 85H ANenergyA R/C Phase A Reverse Active Energy 86H ANenergyB R/C Phase B Reverse Active Energy 87H ANenergyC R/C Phase C Reverse Active Energy 88H RPenergyT R/C Total Forward Reactive Energy 89H RPenergyA R/C Phase A Forward Reactive Energy 8AH RPenergyB R/C Phase B Forward Reactive Energy 8BH RPenergyC R/C Phase C Forward Reactive Energy 8CH RNenergyT R/C Total Reverse Reactive Energy 8DH RNenergyA R/C Phase A Reverse Reactive Energy 8EH RNenergyB R/C Phase B Reverse Reactive Energy 8FH RNenergyC R/C Phase C Reverse Reactive Energy 90H SAenergyT R/C Total (Arithmetic Sum) Apparent Energy 91H SenergyA R/C Phase A Apparent Energy 92H SenergyB R/C Phase B Apparent Energy 93H SenergyC R/C Phase C Apparent Energy 95H EnStatus0 R Metering Status 0 96H EnStatus1 R Metering Status 1 Comment Resolution is 0.1CF/0.01CF. 0.01CF / 0.1CF setting is defined by the 001LSB bit (b9, MMode0). Cleared after read. EnStatus0 Metering Status 0 Address: 95H Type: Read Default Value: F000H Bit Name 15 TQNoload Description all-phase-sum reactive power no-load condition detected. 14 TPNoload all-phase-sum active power no-load condition detected. 13 TASNoload all-phase-sum apparent power no-load condition detected. 12-4 - 3 CF4RevFlag 2 CF3RevFlag 1 CF2RevFlag 0 CF1RevFlag Register Reserved. CF4/CF3/CF2/CF1 Forward/Reverse Flag – reflect the direction of the current CF pulse. 0: Forward (default) 1: Reverse 56 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC EnStatus1 Metering Status 1 Address: 96H Type: Read Default Value: 0000H Bit Name 15-7 - 6 SagPhaseA 5 SagPhaseB 4 SagPhaseC Reserved. 3 - 2 PhaseLossA 1 PhaseLossB 0 PhaseLossC 6.5.2 Description These bits indicate whether there is voltage sag on phase A, B or C respectively. 0: no voltage sag (default) 1: voltage sag Reserved. These bits indicate whether there is a phase loss in Phase A/B/C. 0: no phase loss (default) 1: phase loss. FUNDAMENTAL / HARMONIC ENERGY REGISTER Table-10 Fundamental / Harmonic Energy Register Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description A0H APenergyTF R/C Total Forward Active Fundamental Energy A1H APenergyAF R/C Phase A Forward Active Fundamental Energy A2H APenergyBF R/C Phase B Forward Active Fundamental Energy A3H APenergyCF R/C Phase C Forward Active Fundamental Energy A4H ANenergyTF R/C Total Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A5H ANenergyAF R/C Phase A Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A6H ANenergyBF R/C Phase B Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A7H ANenergyCF R/C Phase C Reverse Active Fundamental Energy A8H APenergyTH R/C Total Forward Active Harmonic Energy A9H APenergyAH R/C Phase A Forward Active Harmonic Energy AAH APenergyBH R/C Phase B Forward Active Harmonic Energy ABH APenergyCH R/C Phase C Forward Active Harmonic Energy ACH ANenergyTH R/C Total Reverse Active Harmonic Energy ADH ANenergyAH R/C Phase A Reverse Active Harmonic Energy AEH ANenergyBH R/C Phase B Reverse Active Harmonic Energy AFH ANenergyCH R/C Phase C Reverse Active Harmonic Energy 6.6 MEASUREMENT REGISTERS 6.6.1 POWER AND POWER FACTOR REGISTERS Comment Resolution is 0.1CF / 0.01CF. 0.01CF / 0.1CF setting is defined by the 001LSB bit (b9, MMode0). Cleared after read. Table-11 Power and Power Factor Register Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment B0H PmeanT R Total (all-phase-sum) Active Power B1H PmeanA R Phase A Active Power B2H PmeanB R Phase B Active Power B3H PmeanC R Phase C Active Power Complement, MSB as the sign bit XX.XXX kW 1LSB corresponds to 1Watt for phase A/B/C, and 4Watt for Total (all-phase-sum) Register 57 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-11 Power and Power Factor Register Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment B4H QmeanT R Total (all-phase-sum) Reactive Power B5H QmeanA R Phase A Reactive Power B6H QmeanB R Phase B Reactive Power Complement, MSB as the sign bit XX.XXX kvar 1LSB corresponds to 1var for phase A/B/C, and 4var for Total (all-phase-sum) B7H QmeanC R Phase C Reactive Power B8H SAmeanT R Total (Arithmetic Sum) apparent power B9H SmeanA R phase A apparent power BAH SmeanB R phase B apparent power BBH SmeanC R phase C apparent power BCH PFmeanT R Total power factor BDH PFmeanA R phase A power factor BEH PFmeanB R phase B power factor BFH PFmeanC R phase C power factor C0H PmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (all-phase-sum) Active Power C1H PmeanALSB R Lower word of Phase A Active Power C2H PmeanBLSB R Lower word of Phase B Active Power C3H PmeanCLSB R Lower word of Phase C Active Power C4H QmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (all-phase-sum) Reactive Power C5H QmeanALSB R Lower word of Phase A Reactive Power C6H QmeanBLSB R Lower word of Phase B Reactive Power C7H QmeanCLSB R Lower word of Phase C Reactive Power C8H SAmeanTLSB R Lower word of Total (Arithmetic Sum) apparent power Complement, MSB always '0' XX.XXX kVA 1LSB corresponds to 1va for phase A/B/C, and 4va for Total (all-phase-sum) Signed, MSB as the sign bit X.XXX LSB is 0.001. Range from -1000 to +1000 C9H SmeanALSB R Lower word of phase A apparent power CAH SmeanBLSB R Lower word of phase B apparent power CBH SmeanCLSB R Lower word of phase C apparent power Lower word of Active Powers. * 1LLSB corresponds to 4/256 Watt Lower word of Active Powers. 1LLSB corresponds to 1/256 Watt Lower word of ReActive Powers. 1LLSB corresponds to 4/256 var Lower word of ReActive Powers. 1LLSB corresponds to 1/256 var Lower word of Apparent Powers. 1LLSB corresponds to 4/256 VA Lower word of Apparent Powers. 1LLSB corresponds to 1/256 VA Note: All the lower 8 bits of C0H-CBH registers and E0H-EFH registers are always zero. Only the higher 8 bits of these registers are valid. In this document, LLSB means bit 8 of the lower registers as below: b15 6.6.2 b14 b13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 (LLSB) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FUNDAMENTAL/ HARMONIC POWER AND VOLTAGE/ CURRENT RMS REGISTERS Table-12 Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment D0H PmeanTF R Total active fundamental power Complement, 16-bit integer with unit of 4Watt. 1LSB corresponds to 4Watt D1H PmeanAF R phase A active fundamental power D2H PmeanBF R phase B active fundamental power D3H PmeanCF R phase C active fundamental power D4H PmeanTH R Total active harmonic power Register 58 Complement, 16-bit integer with unit of 1Watt. 1LSB corresponds to 1Watt Complement, 16-bit integer with unit of 4Watt. 1LSB corresponds to 4Watt April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-12 Fundamental/ Harmonic Power and Voltage/ Current RMS Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description D5H PmeanAH R phase A active harmonic power D6H PmeanBH R phase B active harmonic power D7H PmeanCH R phase C active harmonic power D9H UrmsA R phase A voltage RMS DAH UrmsB R phase B voltage RMS DBH UrmsC R phase C voltage RMS DCH IrmsN0 R N Line calculated current RMS Comment Complement, 16-bit integer with unit of 1Watt. 1LSB corresponds to 1Watt 1LSB corresponds to 0.01 V DDH IrmsA R phase A current RMS DEH IrmsB R phase B current RMS DFH IrmsC R phase C current RMS E0H PmeanTFLSB R Lower word of Total active fundamental Power E1H PmeanAFLSB R Lower word of phase A active fundamental Power E2H PmeanBFLSB R Lower word of phase B active fundamental Power E3H PmeanCFLSB R Lower word of phase C active fundamental Power E9H UrmsALSB R Lower word of phase A voltage RMS EAH UrmsBLSB R Lower word of phase B voltage RMS EBH UrmsCLSB R Lower word of phase C voltage RMS EDH IrmsALSB R Lower word of phase A current RMS EEH IrmsBLSB R Lower word of phase B current RMS EFH IrmsCLSB R Lower word of phase C current RMS unsigned 16-bit integer with unit of 0.001A 1LSB corresponds to 0.001 A Lower word of D0H register. * 1LLSB corresponds to 4/256 Watt Lower word of registers from D1H to D3H. 1LLSB corresponds to 1/256 Watt Lower word of registers from D9H to DBH. 1LLSB corresponds to 0.01/256V Lower word of registers from DDH to DFH. 1LLSB corresponds to 0.001/256A Note: All the lower 8 bits of C0H-CBH registers and E0H-EFH registers are always zero. Only the higher 8 bits of these registers are valid. In this document, LLSB means bit 8 of the lower registers as below: b15 6.6.3 b14 b13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 (LLSB) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 THD+N, FREQUENCY, ANGLE AND TEMPERATURE REGISTERS Table-13 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description F1H THDNUA R phase A voltage THD+N Comment F2H THDNUB R phase B voltage THD+N F3H THDNUC R phase C voltage THD+N F5H THDNIA R phase A current THD+N F6H THDNIB R phase B current THD+N F7H THDNIC R phase C current THD+N F8H Freq R Frequency 1LSB corresponds to 0.01% Hz Signed, MSB as the sign bit 1LSB corresponds to 0.1-degree, -180.0°~+180.0° F9H PAngleA R phase A mean phase angle FAH PAngleB R phase B mean phase angle FBH PAngleC R phase C mean phase angle Register 59 1LSB corresponds to 0.01% 1LSB corresponds to 0.01% April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Table-13 THD+N, Frequency, Angle and Temperature Registers Register Address Register Name Read/Write Type Functional Description Comment FCH Temp R Measured temperature 1LSB corresponds to 1 °C Signed, MSB as the sign bit FDH UangleA R phase A voltage phase angle Always ‘0’ FEH UangleB R phase B voltage phase angle FFH UangleC R phase C voltage phase angle Signed, MSB as the sign bit Take phase A voltage as base voltage 1LSB corresponds to 0.1 degree, -180.0°~+180.0° Register 60 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 7 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION 7.1 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION Parameter Min Typ Max Accuracy DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) AC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) Active Energy Error (Dynamic Range 5000:1) Differential Input Voltage Analog Input Pin Absolute Voltage Range Channel Input Impedance Channel Sampling Frequency Channel Sampling Bandwidth Temperature Sensor Accuracy Reference voltage Reference voltage temperature coefficient Current Detector threshold range Current Detector threshold setting step/ resolution Current Detector detection time (single-side) Current Detector detection time (double-side) ±0.1 % ±0.1 % ±0.1 % ADC Channel 0.12 600 0.07 300 mVrms 0.04 160 VDDGND-300 mV 1200 120 KΩ 80 50 8 kHz 2 kHz Temperature Sensor and Reference 1 °C 1.2 ppm/ 6 15 °C Current detectors 2 3 4 mVrms 0.096 mVrms 32 ms 17 ms Crystal Oscillator Oscillator Frequency (fsys_clk) AVDD DVDD VDD18 Unit 16.384 2.8 2.8 Normal mode operating current (I-Normal) Idle mode operating current (I-Idle) Detection mode operating current (I-Detection) Partial Measurement mode operating current (I-Measurement) MHz Power Supply 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.6 1.8 Operating Currents 23 0.1 4 180 250 100 140 6.8 Test Condition/ Comments VDD=3.3V±0.3V, I=5A, V=220V, CT 1000:1, sampling resistor 4.8Ω VDD=3.3V superimposes 400mVrms, I=5A, V=220V, CT 1000:1, sampling resistor 4.8Ω CT 1000:1, sampling resistor 4.8Ω PGA=1 PGA=2 PGA=4 PGA=1 PGA=2 PGA=4 3.3 V, 25 °C From -40 to 85 °C 3.3 V, 25 °C 3.3 V, 25 °C The Accuracy of crystal or external clock is ±20 ppm, 10pF ~ 20pF crystal load capacitor integrated. V mA μA 3.3 V, 25 °C μA Double-side detection (at 3.3 V, 25 °C) Single-side detection (at 3.3 V, 25 °C) mA 3.3 V, 25°C SPI Slave mode (SPI) bit rate 100 1200k note 1 bps ESD Machine Model (MM) Charged Device Model (CDM) Human Body Model (HBM) Latch Up Latch Up Digital Input High Level (all digital pins except OSCI) Electrical Specification 400 1000 6000 2.4 ±100 5.4 DC Characteristics VDD 61 V V V mA V V JESD22-A115 JESD22-C101 JESD22-A114 JESD78A JESD78A VDD=3.3V April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Parameter Min Typ Digital Input Low Level (all digital pins except OSCI) Digital Input Leakage Current Digital Output Low Level (CF1, CF2, CF3, CF4) Digital Output Low Level (IRQ0, IRQ1, WarnOut, ZX0, ZX1, ZX2, SDO) Digital Output High Level (CF1, CF2, CF3, CF4) 2.8 Digital Output High Level (IRQ0, IRQ1, WarnOut, ZX0, ZX1, ZX2, SDO) 2.8 Note 1: The maximum SPI bit rate during current detector calibration is 900k bps. Electrical Specification 62 Max 0.8 ±1 0.4 Unit V μA V Test Condition/ Comments VDD=3.3V VDD=3.6V, VI=VDD or GND VDD=3.3V, IOL=8mA 0.4 V V VDD=3.3V, IOL=5mA VDD=3.3V, IOH=-8mA, by separately V VDD=3.3V, IOH=-5mA, by separately April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 7.2 METERING/ MEASUREMENT ACCURACY 7.2.1 METERING ACCURACY γ= Metering accuracy or energy accuracy is calculated with relative error: E mea − E real × 100% E real Where Emea is the energy measured by the meter, Ereal is the actual energy measured by a high accurate normative meter. Table-14 Metering Accuracy for Different Energy within the Dynamic Range Energy Type Energy Pulse Active energy (Per phase and all-phase-sum) CF1 Reactive energy (Per phase and all-phase-sum) CF2 Apparent energy (Per phase and arithmetic all-phase-sum) CF2 Fundamental active energy (Per phase and all-phase-sum) CF3 Harmonic active energy (Per phase and all-phase-sum) CF4 ADC Range When Gain=1 PF=1.0 120μV-600mV PF=0.5L, 180μV-600mV PF=0.8C, 150μV-600mV sinФ=1.0 120μV-600mV sinФ=0.5L, 180μV-600mV sinФ=0.8C, 150μV-600mV 600μV-600mV note 2 PF=1.0 120μV-600mV PF=0.5L, 180μV-600mV PF=0.8C, 150μV-600mV PF=1.0 120μV-600mV PF=0.5L, 180μV-600mV PF=0.8C, 150μV-600mV note 1 Metering Accuracy 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.5% Note 1: All the parameters in this table is tested on Atmel’s test platform. Note 2: Apparent energy is tested using active energy with unity power factor since there’s no standard for apparent energy. Signal below 600 μV is not tested. Electrical Specification 63 April 2, 2013 90E32A 7.2.2 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC Where Umea means the measured data of one measurement parameter, and Ureal means the real/actual data of the parameter, MEASUREMENT ACCURACY The measurements are all calculated with fiducial error except for frequency and THD. UFV means the fiducial value of this measurement parameter, which can be defined as Table-15. Fiducial error is calculated as follows: Fiducial_Error = Umea - Ureal * 100% UFV Table-15 Measurement Parameter Range and Format 90E32A Measurement Voltage Fiducial Value (FV) reference voltage Un maximum current Imax (4×In is recommended) Un Current Voltage rms Current rms note 1 Active/ Reactive Power Apparent Power Power Factor note 2 Phase Angle THD+N Range 0 ~ 655.35V Comment Unsigned integer with unit of 0.01V XX.XXX 0 ~ 65.535A Unsigned integer with unit of 0.001A XXX.XX 0 ~ 655.35V Unsigned integer with unit of 0.01V Ib/In XX.XXX 0 ~ 65.535A Unsigned integer with unit of 0.001A Un×4Ib XX.XXX -32.768 ~ +32.767 kW/kvar Signed integer with unit/LSB of 1 Watt/var Un×4Ib Reference Frequency 50 Hz 1.000 XX.XXX 0 ~ +32.767 kVA Unsigned integer with unit/LSB of 1 VA XX.XX 45.00~65.00 Hz Signed integer with unit/LSB of 0.01Hz X.XXX -1.000 ~ +1.000 Signed integer, LSB/Unit = 0.001 180° Relative error is adopted, no Fiducial Value XXX.X -180° ~ +180° Signed integer, unit/LSB = 0.1° XX.XX 0.00%-99.99% Unit is 0.01% note 1 Frequency Defined Format XXX.XX Note 1: All registers are of 16-bit. For cases when the current or active/reactive/apparent power goes beyond the above range, it is suggested to be handled by MCU in application. For example, register value can be calibrated to 1/2 of the actual value during calibration, then multiply 2 in application. Note 2: Phase angle is obtained when voltage/current crosses zero at the sampling frequency of 256kHz. For the above mentioned parameters, the measurement accuracy requirement is 0.5% maximum. Harmonic component% = For frequency, temperature, THD+N: u(i)h − u(i)hN × 100 u(i)hN Parameter Accuracy Where Frequency: 0.01Hz u (i ) h means the measuring value of the hth harmonic voltage/ Temperature: 1 °C current; Accuracy of all orders of harmonics: 5% relative error u (i ) hN th means the given or actual value of the h harmonic voltage/ current. Electrical Specification 64 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC 7.3 INTERFACE TIMING 7.3.1 SPI INTERFACE TIMING (SLAVE MODE) The SPI interface timing is as shown in Figure-17 and Table-16. t CSH t CYC CS t t t t CSD t CLH CSS CLL CLD SCLK t DIS SDI t DIH Valid Input t DW t t PD SDO DF High Impedance High Impedance Valid Output Figure-17 SPI Timing Diagram Table-16 SPI Timing Specification Symbol tCSH Description Minimum CS High Level Time tCSS tCSD tCLD tCYC tCLH tCLL tDIS tDIH tDW tPD tDF CS Setup Time CS Hold Time Clock Disable Time SCLK cycle Clock High Level Time Clock Low Level Time Data Setup Time Data Hold Time Minimum Data Width Output Delay Output Disable Time Min. Typical Max. note 1 +10 2T 2T+10 3T+10 1T 7T+10 5T+10 2T+10 2T+10 1T+10 3T+10 2T+20 2T+20 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Note: 1. T means system clock cycle. T=1/fsys_clk Electrical Specification 65 April 2, 2013 90E32A 7.4 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC POWER ON RESET TIMING In most case, the power of 90E32A and MCU are both derived from 220V power lines. To make sure 90E32A is reset and can work properly, MCU must force 90E32A into idle mode firstly and then into normal mode. In this operation, RESET is held to high in idle mode and deasserted by delay T1 after idle-normal transition. Refer to Figure-18. DVDD T0 PM[1:0] MCU startup Idle Mode Normal Mode T1 RESET Figure-18 Power On Reset Timing (90E32A and MCU are Powered on Simultaneously) VH DVDD T1 RESET Figure-19 Power On Reset Timing in Normal & Partial Measurement Mode Table-17 Power On Reset Specification Symbol VH T0 T1 Description Power On Trigger Voltage Duration forced in idle mode after power on Delay time after power on or exit idle mode Electrical Specification Min 1 5 66 Typ 2.5 Max 2.7 16 40 Unit V ms ms April 2, 2013 90E32A 7.5 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC ZERO-CROSSING TIMING V TZX ZX (Positive zero-crossing) TD ZX (Negative zero-crossing) ZX (All zero-crossing) Figure-20 Zero-Crossing Timing Diagram (per phase) Table-18 Zero-Crossing Specification Symbol TZX TD Description Min High Level Width Delay Time Electrical Specification 67 Typ 5 0.2 Max 0.5 Unit ms ms April 2, 2013 90E32A 7.6 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC VOLTAGE SAG AND PHASE LOSS TIMING Voltage + threshold time - threshold Sag/Phase Loss condition found in two consecutive windows 11ms window Assert of Voltage Sag / Phase Loss IRQ (if enabled) Figure-21 Voltage Sag and Phase Loss Timing Diagram Electrical Specification 68 April 2, 2013 90E32A 7.7 POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING Parameter Relative Voltage Between AVDD and AGND Relative Voltage Between DVDD and DGND Analog Input Voltage (I1P, I1N, I2P, I2N, I3P, I3N, V1P, V1N, V2P, V2N, V3P, V3N) Digital Input Voltage Operating Temperature Range Maximum Junction Temperature Package Type TQFP48 Electrical Specification Maximum Limit -0.3V~3.7V -0.3V~3.7V -0.6V~AVDD -0.3V~3.6V -40~85 °C 150 °C Thermal Resistance θJA 58.5 Unit °C/W 69 Condition No Airflow April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 70 April 2, 2013 90E32A POLY-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE WIDE-SPAN ENERGY METERING IC ORDERING INFORMATION XXXXX Device Type XXX Package X Temperature Range DATASHEET DOCUMENT HISTORY 71 I Industry (-40 ℃ to +85 ℃) ERG TQFP48 90E32A Poly-Phase High-Performance Wide-Span Energy Metering IC