Power Matters.TM Space System Managers Architecture and Performance Microsemi Space Forum 2015 Mathieu Sureau Director of IC Design Engineering © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. 1 Space System Manager Concept Space System Manager (SSM) is a special purpose analog or power IC The SSM IC is intended to work with an FPGA: • I/O levels and timing are compatible. • The SSM has a minimal amount of hard coded internal logic. FPGA FPGA Communication Interface Companion IC Space System Manager Bus Management Storage Sequential Processing Bus Management Bus Managed MUX, ADC, DAC Registers Calibration and Test Pipelined Processing © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Real Time Sensing/Driving Power Matters.TM 2 Space System Manager Characteristics Both the Space System Manager and the FPGA are standard parts that are space qualified and DLA listed. The SSM standard attributes are: • Radiation Tolerant: 100krad TID; 50krad ELDRS, SE tolerant • Inputs are cold spared and dielectrically isolated • ESD and overvoltage clamping © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 3 IC Process for Fault Isolation The SSM uses a special Dielectric Isolated (DI) process such that if any channel within the IC becomes compromised due to an external fault, the remaining IC continues to function normally. • There is not a common substrate connection that you find with other IC processes. • This process is similar in performance to the isolation achieved in hybrid circuits. • Isolation between tubs is at least 350V. Dielectric Isolation Cross Section Silicon Tub Silicon Tub Silicon Dioxide Isolation Silicon Dioxide Isolation Poly-Silicon Isolation © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 4 IC Process for Cold Sparing An isolated ESD structure for each SSM pin along with design techniques considering low leakage with power removed allows the SSM to be cold spared (becomes a high impedance with the power removed). VCC Cold Sparing Typical ESD Protection © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 5 SSM Application Versatility SSMs take advantage of commonality between applications. • Servo motor drivers require high power switches and position sensing. • Telemetry monitoring requires an analog MUX, ADC and bi-level inputs. Different applications using the same IC part numbers. Application 1 FPGA LX7720 Power Driver 3 ph BLDC Optic Sense Application 2 FPGA © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. LX7720 Power Driver Bipolar Step Resolver Power Matters.TM 6 System Manager System Integration FPGA HDL module examples are: • Spacecraft communication bus • Motor micro-stepping HDL Modules • Brushless DC servo loop + • Resolver to digital conversion Register Map • Sigma Delta filtering and decimation SSM registers examples: + Power Sizing & • Programmable current source Programming • ADC input range setting Components • MUX selection of inputs External Components adjust: • External NMOS power sizing for motor drivers • Bi-level threshold levels © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 7 Space System Manager vs. Discrete Components FPGA Driver A/D Analog Multiplexer MOSFET Comparators Amplifier A typical circuit uses an FPGA with analog interface functions implemented with many single function ICs and discrete components. SSM integrates commonly used functions into one package to reduce circuit board area and weight. Although utilization may not be 100% for the space system manger, it is still likely to be a more compact solution. © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 8 Space System Manager vs. Custom IC The custom rad-hard mixed-signal solution provides an efficient solution but presents a number of challenges: • Development cost for a Mixed-Signal custom for space applications is typically $1M-$2M • Development time typically of 1-2 year. • Qualification is typically 6 months to 1 year. • Time to production 2-3 years. Unlike the SSM, with a custom ASIC: • Very few players are able to budget such development. • The solution typically has minimal flexibility if requirements change. © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 9 Reducing Risk While Maximizing Integration Discrete Solution Space System Manager Custom ASIC Solution Low Low High Months Months Years Qualification Fast Fast Long Risk Small Small Moderate Flexibility High High Low Power Worst Good Best Average Excellent Excellent Poor Good Best NRE Development Time Reliability Size and Weight Value Proposition High flexibility High integration Shorter development time © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Minimum risk Power Matters.TM 10 The LX7730 Radiation Tolerant Telemetry Controller © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 11 LX7730: 64 Analog Input Telemetry Controller Single ended sensing for 64 sensors with simultaneous monitoring of 8 sensors Differential (Kelvin) sensing of 32 sensors Current demux to any input for driving passive sensors Voltage reference to bias bridge networks ADC ranging accurately measures low level voltage changes Parallel SPI_A DAC out for level control SPI_B FPGA 8 bi-level logic translators Internal LDOs and Charge Pump VREF 8 Current Levels 64 Channel Sensor MUX 12 Bit ADC Parallel Interface and Registers + - Level Detect 8 Bit DAC 10 Bit Current DAC + 8 Bi-Level Inputs - 2.5V LX7730 © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 12 LX7730 Block Diagram 64 universal General Purpose sensor interfaces: ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ 64 single ended or 32 differential ADC range pre-scaling 64 channel current source demux Level monitoring of 8 SE channels Break-before-make switching MUX 25ksps 12 bit ADC Optional 2 pole anti-aliasing filter 8 fixed bi-level logic interfaces VDD SPI_A SPI_B CLK SSA CLKA MOSI_A MISO_A SSB CLKB MOSI_B MISO_B CE OE WE A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 PTY /ACK RESET BLO# 7 4 4 4 4 1 of 65 CH Current MUX Range Scaling/Offset Cor 4 1 of 9 MUX Hi-Z Dual 12 Serial or Parallel Interface and Registers 8 1 of 8 MUX 1 of 9 MUX ITEST Ch1 to 8 Ch9 to 16 Pos 1 Pos 2 Pos 8 Ch57 to 64 1 of 8 switch banks SE_RTN IA_OUT ADC_IN + - 8 Bit DAC 1 of 8 threshold blocks IREF P_DAC 10 Bit DAC 10 N_DAC 1 of 8 bi-level input blocks + - IREF 10 bit current DAC IA + - 2 Pole AAF 12 Bit ADC ‒ Internal or external threshold setting IREF1/IREF2 ‒ Complementary outputs 15V Current Programming 3 BLI# Threshold MUX IREF MUX BL_TH 2.5V IREF1 IREF1 IREF2 IREF2 EXT_REF 1% precision reference 2% current references Parallel or Dual SPI interface Built in test and calibration +15 VCC input to internal regulators 5.00V Precision REF VREF VCC +5V +5V regulator PCP EXT_VEE Charge Pump Controller NCP VEE © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 13 Voltage Acquisition LX7730 has 64 voltage acquisition input channels The instrumentation amplifier converts differential inputs to ground referenced. Common mode range is -5V to 5V Two analog multiplexers route one channel to the IA noninverting terminal and another channel to the common single ended reference (SE RTN) for the inverting terminal © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 14 Current Source and De-MUX Current source can be routed to any one of the 64 CH# pins The current source can be set from 250uA to 4mA in 250uA increments using the current source programming register Or the current source can be set using the 10 bit DAC to a resolution of 10uA starting at 0 Wide compliance range: -15V to 10V © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 15 Measuring resistive sensors The current source and de-MUX can be used with the analog MUX and IA to make resistance measurements Single ended measurements will service the most channels Differential measurements reduce stray resistance affects © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 16 12 bit ADC The ADC has a dynamic range of 0 to 2V The IA pre-scaler sets channel range to 5V, 1V or 200mV The two poles of the anti-aliasing filter (AAF) can be set to 400Hz, 2kHz or 10kHz or infinity © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 17 Bi-Level Bank Comparator Mode Simultaneous voltage checks for 8 single ended channels Common threshold is controlled by an 8 bit DAC Comparator outputs are a readable register location Note: 64 to 1 channel AMUX is not usable in this mode © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 18 10 bit Current DAC The 10 bit current DAC is register controlled It has a 0 to 2mA range and a compliance from 0V to 3V Note: The 10 bit DAC should not be used as a DAC if it is simultaneously being used to control the current source © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 19 8 Pass Through Bi-level Logic Translators Logic translators have input and output pin outs Threshold either internal 2.5V or pin programmable Hysteresis for noise immunity on slow ramping inputs © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 20 Digital interface Digital interface can be SPI_A or SPI_B or parallel Only one interface is active at a time Registers are 8 bits in length SPI pins are dual use for parallel interface VDD logic supply also powers FPGA I/O © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 21 Power supplies Requires a VCC (12V or 15V) and VDD for logic (2.5V to 5V) Charge pump for negative rail (VEE) or disable if not used 1% reference with option to use external 5V reference Redundant IREF avoids single point failure © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 22 Key Features 1kV ESD protection on CH pins, 2kV on all other pins +/- 20V clamps on CH# pins and +/-15 for BLI# pins Cold sparing on CH# pins and BLI# pins Redundant IREF Redundant SPI interface © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 23 LX7730: Application Figure Level control Temp sensors monitor Strain gauges monitor Bi-level logic translation © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 24 LX7730 Performance Highlights Parameter Comment Min Typ Max Units SE or Diff sensor input 0 5 V Differential Sensor common mode -5 5 V ADC conversion rate 25 kHz ADC resolution 12 bits Reference voltage Internal VREF 4.95 MUX settling time MUX leakage current 5.05 1.5 Power on or off Bi-level threshold range µs 100 nA 0.5 4.6 V 1 DAC compliance range 0 Sourcing V -100 Bi-level propagation delay DAC full scale current 5.00 1.94 © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. 2.00 µs 3.0 V 2.06 mA Power Matters.TM 25 LX7720 Power Driver w Position Feedback Provides MOSFET motor drivers for ‒ 3 phase motors ‒ Unipolar or bipolar steppers ‒ Individually controlled switches Up to 4 current sensors ‒ In-line (floating) ‒ High side or ground referenced Sensing for resolver or LVDT Detecting pulse sensors and limit switches © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 26 LX7720 Block Diagram Features: • Four Half-Bridge N-channel • • • • • MOSFET drivers Four floating differential current sensors with ΣΔ modulated processed outputs to FPGA Pulse density modulated resolver exciter Three differential resolver sensors with ΣΔ modulated processed outputs to FPGA Six bi-level logic inputs 5V GND isolation signal-to-motor © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 27 LX7720 is a companion to the RTG4 FPGA Fabric based motor control algorithm developed for RTG4 and LX7720 Demonstration dual axis code available using SF2-MC-StarterKit Resolver to digital position feedback option © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 28 LX7720 PMSM Application Three phase PMSM motor Tracking resolver In line current sensing Phase D used for relay driver with current sense in return path. © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 29 LX7720 Bipolar Microstepper Bipolar stepper motor Return path current sensing Potentiometer position sensing Limit switch sensing © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 30 LX7720 Performance Highlights Parameter Motor Power Supply MOSFET driver impedance Comment Min Typ Max Units De-rated by 20% 20 48 150 V Source or sink Ω 1 PWM frequency DC 200 kHz Current sense range -250 250 mV Current sense accuracy 7 bits Current sense latency 4 µS Resolver carrier frequency 0.36 Resolver accuracy Bi-level threshold range 20 16 0.5 Bi-level propagation delay © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. bits 4.6 1 kHz V µs Power Matters.TM 31 Space System Manager Advantages Provides a high level of integration (smaller size and weight) Is a standard part so there is minimal design risk or qualification risk No development NRE Designed to work with an FPGA so the flexibility is designedin Designed for space applications so additional buffers and level shifting are not necessary Radiation tolerance of TID > 100kRad; ELDRS > 50KRad; SEL tolerant Cold spared Fault tolerant © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 32 Thank You Microsemi Corporation (MSCC) offers a comprehensive portfolio of semiconductor and system solutions for communications, defense & security, aerospace and industrial markets. Products include high-performance and radiationhardened analog mixed-signal integrated circuits, FPGAs, SoCs and ASICs; power management products; timing and synchronization devices and precise time solutions, setting the world's standard for time; voice processing devices; RF solutions; discrete components; security technologies and scalable anti-tamper products; Ethernet solutions; Power-overEthernet ICs and midspans; as well as custom design capabilities and services. Microsemi is headquartered in Aliso Viejo, Calif., and has approximately 3,600 employees globally. Learn more at www.microsemi.com. Microsemi Corporate Headquarters One Enterprise, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 USA Within the USA: +1 (800) 713-4113 Outside the USA: +1 (949) 380-6100 Sales: +1 (949) 380-6136 Fax: +1 (949) 215-4996 email: [email protected] Microsemi makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the information contained herein or the suitability of its products and services for any particular purpose, nor does Microsemi assume any liability whatsoever arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit. The products sold hereunder and any other products sold by Microsemi have been subject to limited testing and should not be used in conjunction with mission-critical equipment or applications. Any performance specifications are believed to be reliable but are not verified, and Buyer must conduct and complete all performance and other testing of the products, alone and together with, or installed in, any end-products. 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All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners. © 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary. Power Matters.TM 33