STMICROELECTRONICS L78S24

L78Sxx
L78SxxC
2 A positive voltage regulators
Features
■
Output current to 2 A
■
Output voltages of 5; 7.5; 9; 10; 12; 15; 18; 24 V
■
Thermal overload protection
■
Short circuit protection
■
Output transition SOA protection
Description
TO-220
TO-3
The L78Sxx series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220 and TO-3
packages and several fixed output voltages,
making it useful in a wide range of applications.
These regulators can provide local on-card
regulation, eliminating the distribution problems
associated with single point regulation. Each type
employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, making it
essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking
is provided, they can deliver over 2 A output
current. Although designed primarily as fixed
voltage regulators, these devices can be used
with external components to obtain adjustable
voltages and currents.
Table 1.
Device summary
Part numbers
L78S05
L78S09
L78S12
L78S18
L78S05C
L78S09C
L78S12C
L78S18C
L78S75
L78S10
L78S15
L78S24
L78S75C
L78S10C
L78S15C
L78S24C
March 2010
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
1/39
www.st.com
39
Contents
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Contents
1
Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2
Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3
Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4
Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6
Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7
Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8
Order codes
9
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2/39
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Electrical characteristics of L78S05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Electrical characteristics of L78S75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Electrical characteristics of L78S09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Electrical characteristics of L78S10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Electrical characteristics of L78S12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Electrical characteristics of L78S15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Electrical characteristics of L78S18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Electrical characteristics of L78S24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Electrical characteristics of L78S05C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Electrical characteristics of L78S75C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Electrical characteristics of L78S09C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Electrical characteristics of L78S10C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Electrical characteristics of L78S12C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Electrical characteristics of L78S15C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Electrical characteristics of L78S18C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Electrical characteristics of L78S24C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
TO-220 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
3/39
List of figures
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
4/39
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Pin connections (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Application circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DC parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Load regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Ripple rejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Dropout voltage vs. junction temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Peak output current vs. input/output differential voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Output impedance vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Output voltage vs. junction temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Quiescent current vs. junction temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Load transient response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Line transient response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Quiescent current vs. input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Fixed output regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Constant current regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Circuit for increasing output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
0.5 to 10 V regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
High current voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
High output current with short circuit protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Tracking voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Positive and negative regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Negative output voltage circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Switching regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
High input voltage circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
High input voltage circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
High output voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
High input and output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Remote shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤ 1 A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Light controllers (VOmin = VXX + VBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Dual Gauge) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Single Gauge) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Dual Gauge (mm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Single Gauge (mm.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
1
Diagram
Figure 1.
Block diagram
Diagram
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
5/39
Pin configuration
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
2
Pin configuration
Figure 2.
Pin connections (top view)
TO-3
TO-220
Figure 3.
6/39
Schematic diagram
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Maximum ratings
3
Maximum ratings
Table 2.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Value
for VO= 5 to 18V
35
for VO= 24V
40
VI
DC input voltage
IO
Output current
Internally limited
PD
Power dissipation
Internally limited
TSTG
Storage temperature range
TOP
Operating junction temperature range
Unit
V
-65 to 150
for L78Sxx
°C
-55 to 150
°C
for L78SxxC
0 to 150
Note:
Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 3.
Thermal data
Symbol
Parameter
TO-220
TO-3
Unit
RthJC
Thermal resistance junction-case
5
4
°C/W
RthJA
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
50
35
°C/W
Figure 4.
Application circuits
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
7/39
Test circuits
4
Test circuits
Figure 5.
DC parameter
Figure 6.
Load regulation
Figure 7.
Ripple rejection
8/39
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
5
Electrical characteristics
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 4.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S05
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 7 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
4.8
5
5.2
V
4.75
5
5.25
V
VI = 7 to 25 V
100
VI = 8 to 25 V
50
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
100
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 20 mA
1.3
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1.1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
40
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
60
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
8
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
9/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 12.5 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 5.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S75
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 9.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
7.15
7.5
7.9
V
7.1
7.5
7.95
V
VI = 9.5 to 25 V
120
VI = 10.5 to 20 V
60
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
120
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
IO = 20 mA, VI = 9.5 to 25 V
1.3
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-0.8
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
52
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
54
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
10.5
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
16
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 14 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 6.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S09
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 11 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
8.65
9
9.35
V
8.6
9
9.4
V
VI = 11 to 25 V
130
VI = 11 to 20 V
65
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
130
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20mA to 1A
0.5
VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 20 mA
1.3
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
60
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
53
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
12
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
10/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 7.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S10
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 12.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
9.5
10
10.5
V
9.4
10
10.6
V
VI = 12.5 to 30 V
200
VI = 14 to 22 V
100
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
150
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1A
0.5
mA
VI = 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
65
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
53
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
13
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 8.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S12
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 14.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
11.5
12
12.5
V
11.4
12
12.6
V
VI = 14.5 to 30 V
240
VI = 16 to 22 V
120
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
160
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
75
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
53
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
15
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
11/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 9.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S15
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 17.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
14.4
15
15.6
V
14.25
15
15.75
V
VI = 17.5 to 30 V
300
VI = 20 to 26 V
150
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
180
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
90
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
52
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
18
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
19
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 26 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 10.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S18
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 20.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
17.1
18
18.9
V
17
18
19
V
VI = 20.5 to 30 V
360
VI = 22 to 28 V
180
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
200
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 20.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
49
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
21
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
22
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
12/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
-1
mV/°C
110
µV
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 33 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 11.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S24
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 27 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
23
24
25
V
22.8
24
25.2
V
VI = 27 to 38 V
480
VI = 30 to 36 V
240
IO = 20 mA to 2 A
250
mV
8
mA
mV
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
mA
VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = -55 °C to 150 °C
-1.5
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
170
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
48
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1.5 A
27
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
23
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
13/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 10 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 12.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S05C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 7 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
4.8
5
5.2
V
4.75
5
5.25
V
VI = 7 to 25 V
100
VI = 8 to 25 V
50
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
100
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
80
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 20 mA
1.3
mA
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
54
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
8
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
14/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
-1.1
mV/°C
40
µV
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 12.5 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 13.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S75C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 9.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
7.15
7.5
7.9
V
7.1
7.5
7.95
V
VI = 9.5 to 25 V
120
VI = 10.5 to 20 V
60
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
140
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
100
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
VI = 9.5 to 25 V, IO = 20 mA
1.3
mA
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
16
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
-0.8
mV/°C
52
µV
48
dB
10.5
V
15/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 14 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 14.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S09C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 11 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
8.65
9
9.35
V
8.6
9
9.4
V
VI = 11 to 25 V
130
VI = 11 to 20 V
65
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
170
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
100
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
0.5
VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 20 mA
1.3
mA
mA
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
60
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
47
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
12
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
16/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 15 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 15.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S10C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 12.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
9.5
10
10.5
V
9.4
10
10.6
V
VI = 12.5 to 30 V
200
VI = 14 to 22 V
100
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
240
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
150
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
mA
0.5
mA
VI = 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
65
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
47
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
13
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
17
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
17/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 19 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 16.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S12C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 14.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
11.5
12
12.5
V
11.4
12
12.6
V
VI = 14.5 to 30 V
240
VI = 16 to 22 V
120
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
240
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
150
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
mA
0.5
mA
VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
75
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
47
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
15
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
18
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
18/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 23 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 17.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S15C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 17.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
14.4
15
15.6
V
14.25
15
15.75
V
VI = 17.5 to 30 V
300
VI = 20 to 26 V
150
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
300
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
150
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
mA
0.5
mA
VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
-1
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
90
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
46
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
18
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
19
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
19/39
Electrical characteristics
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 26 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 18.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S18C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 20.5 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
17.1
18
18.9
V
17
18
19
V
VI = 20.5 to 30 V
360
VI = 22 to 28 V
180
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
360
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
200
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
mA
0.5
mA
VI = 20.5 to 30 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
Output noise voltage
B =10 Hz to 100 kHz
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
43
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
21
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
22
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
20/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
-1
mV/°C
110
µV
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 °C, VI = 33 V, IO = 500 mA, unless otherwise specified.
Table 19.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics of L78S24C
Parameter
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage
ΔVO
Line regulation
ΔVO
Load regulation
IQ
ΔIQ
ΔVO/ΔT
Test conditions
IO = 1 A, VI = 27 V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
23
24
25
V
22.8
24
25.2
V
VI = 27 to 38 V
480
VI = 30 to 36 V
240
IO = 20 mA to 1.5 A
480
mV
mV
IO = 2 A
300
Quiescent current
Quiescent current change
8
IO = 20 mA to 1 A
mA
0.5
mA
VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 20 mA
1
Output voltage drift
IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 °C to 70 °C
-1.5
mV/°C
Output noise voltage
B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz
170
µV
SVR
Supply voltage rejection
f = 120 Hz
42
dB
VI
Operating input voltage
IO ≤ 1 A
27
V
RO
Output resistance
f = 1 kHz
28
mΩ
Isc
Short circuit current
VI = 27 V
500
mA
Iscp
Short circuit peak current
3
A
eN
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
21/39
Typical performance
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
6
Typical performance
Figure 8.
Dropout voltage vs. junction
temperature
Figure 9.
Peak output current vs.
input/output differential voltage
Figure 10. Output impedance vs. frequency
Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction
temperature
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs.
frequency
Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction
temperature
22/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Typical performance
Figure 14. Load transient response
Figure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage
Figure 17. Fixed output regulator
1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX".
2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response.
3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
23/39
Typical performance
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Figure 18. Constant current regulator
IO = VXX/R1+Id
Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage
IR1 ≥ 5 Id
VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR2
Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
24/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Typical performance
Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
VO=VXXR4/R1
Figure 22. High current voltage regulator
VBEQ1
R1 = ______________
IREQ-(IQ1/bQ1)
VBEQ1
IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ______)
R1
Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection
RSC=VBEQ2/ISC
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
25/39
Typical performance
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 25. Positive and negative regulator
26/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Typical performance
Figure 26. Negative output voltage circuit
Figure 27. Switching regulator
Figure 28. High input voltage circuit
VIN = VI - (VZ + VBE)
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
27/39
Typical performance
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Figure 29. High input voltage circuit
Figure 30. High output voltage regulator
Figure 31. High input and output voltage
VO = VXX + VZ1
28/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Typical performance
Figure 32. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
VI(min)-VXX-VDROP(max)
R = ____________________
IO(max)+Id(max)
Figure 33. Remote shutdown
Figure 34. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO ≤ 1 A)
Note:
The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
29/39
Typical performance
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Figure 35. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + VBE
Note:
Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the
temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO.
Figure 36. Light controllers (VOmin = VXX + VBE)
VO rises when the light goes up
VO falls when the light goes up
30/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Typical performance
Figure 37. Protection against input short-circuit with high capacitance loads
1. Application with high capacitance loads and an output voltage greater than 6 volts need an external diode
(see Figure 30 on page 28) to protect the device against input short circuit. In this case the input voltage
falls rapidly while the output voltage decrease slowly. The capacitance discharges by means of the BaseEmitter junction of the series pass transistor in the regulator. If the energy is sufficiently high, the transistor
may be destroyed. The external diode by-passes the current from the IC to ground.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
31/39
Package mechanical data
7
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Table 20.
TO-220 mechanical data
Type STD - ST Dual Gauge
Type STD - ST Single Gauge
mm.
mm.
Dim.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
A
4.40
4.60
4.40
4.60
b
0.61
0.88
0.61
0.88
b1
1.14
1.70
1.14
1.70
c
0.48
0.70
0.48
0.70
D
15.25
15.75
15.25
15.75
D1
1.27
E
10.00
10.40
10.00
10.40
e
2.40
2.70
2.40
2.70
e1
4.95
5.15
4.95
5.15
F
1.23
1.32
0.51
0.60
H1
6.20
6.60
6.20
6.60
J1
2.40
2.72
2.40
2.72
L
13.00
14.00
13.00
14.00
L1
3.50
3.93
3.50
3.93
L20
16.40
16.40
L30
28.90
28.90
∅P
3.75
3.85
3.75
3.85
Q
2.65
2.95
2.65
2.95
In spite of some difference in tolerances, the packages are compatible.
32/39
Max.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Package mechanical data
Figure 38. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Dual Gauge)
0015988_S
Note:
1
Maximum resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm.
2
Resin gate position is accepted in each of the two positions shown on the drawing, or their
symmetrical.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
33/39
Package mechanical data
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Figure 39. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Single Gauge)
8174627_B
34/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Package mechanical data
Figure 40. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Dual Gauge (mm.)
Figure 41. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Single Gauge (mm.)
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
35/39
Package mechanical data
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
TO-3 mechanical data
mm.
Dim.
Min.
A
inch.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
11.85
B
0.96
Max.
0.466
1.05
1.10
0.037
0.041
0.043
C
1.70
0.066
D
8.7
0.342
E
20.0
0.787
G
10.9
0.429
N
16.9
0.665
P
26.2
R
3.88
1.031
4.09
U
0.152
39.5
V
1.555
30.10
1.185
A
P
D
C
O
N
B
V
E
G
U
0.161
R
P003C/C
36/39
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
Order codes
8
Order codes
Table 21.
Order codes
Packages
Part numbers
Output voltage
TO-220
L78S05T (1)
L78S05
L78S05C
L78S05CV
L78S75
L78S75C
L78S75CV
L78S10CV
L78S12CV
(1)
L78S10CT
(1)
7.5 V
7.5 V
9V
10 V
10 V
12 V
L78S12CT
12 V
(1)
15 V
15 V
L78S18T (1)
L78S18CV
18 V
18 V
L78S24T
L78S24CV
5V
L78S12T (1)
L78S15CV
L78S24
L78S24C
(1)
5V
9V
L78S15T
L78S18
L78S18C
L78S75CT
L78S10T
L78S15
L78S15C
(1)
L78S09CV
L78S12
L78S12C
(1)
L78S09T (1)
L78S10
L78S10C
L78S05CT
L78S75T
L78S09
L78S09C
T0-3
(1)
L78S24CT
(1)
24 V
24 V
1. Available on request.
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
37/39
Revision history
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
9
Revision history
Table 22.
Document revision history
Date
Revision
07-Sep-2006
2
Order codes updated.
20-Mar-2008
3
Added: Table 1 on page 1.
22-Mar-2010
4
Added: Table 20 on page 32, Figure 38 on page 33, Figure 39 on page 34,
Figure 40 and Figure 41 on page 35.
38/39
Changes
Doc ID 2148 Rev 4
L78Sxx, L78SxxC
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39/39