L78M00AB/AC SERIES PRECISION 500mA REGULATORS ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ OUTPUT CURRENT TO 0.5A OUTPUT VOLTAGES OF 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 12; 15; 18; 20; 24V THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION OUTPUT TRANSITION SOA PROTECTION ±2% OUTPUT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE GUARANTEED IN EXTENDED TEMPERATURE RANGE DESCRIPTION The L78M00AB series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220 and DPAK packages and with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 0.5A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed TO-220 DPAK voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM October 2003 1/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol VI Parameter² DC Input Voltage Value for VO = 5 to 18V 35 for VO = 20, 24V 40 Unit V Output Current Internally Limited Ptot Power Dissipation Internally Limited Tstg Storage Temperature Range Top Operating Junction Temperature for L78M00AC Range for L78M00AB IO -65 to +150 °C 0 to 125 -40 to 125 °C Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied. THERMAL DATA Symbol Parameter Rthj-case Thermal Resistance Junction-case Rthj-amb Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient SHEMATIC DIAGRAM 2/17 TO-220 DPAK Unit MAX 3 8 °C/W MAX 50 100 °C/W L78M00AB/AC SERIES CONNECTION DIAGRAM (top view) TO-220 DPAK ORDERING CODES TYPE TO-220 DPAK (*) OUTPUT VOLTAGE L78M05AB L78M05AC L78M06AB L78M06AC L78M08AB L78M08AC L78M09AB L78M09AC L78M10AB L78M10AC L78M12AB L78M12AC L78M15AB L78M15AC L78M18AB L78M18AC L78M20AB L78M20AC L78M24AB L78M24AC L78M05ABV L78M05ABDT L78M05ACDT L78M06ABDT L78M06ACDT L78M08ABDT L78M08ACDT L78M09ABDT L78M09ACDT L78M10ABDT L78M10ACDT L78M12ABDT L78M12ACDT L78M15ABDT L78M15ACDT L78M18ABDT L78M18ACDT L78M20ABDT L78M20ACDT L78M24ABDT L78M24ACDT 5V 5V 6V 6V 8V 8V 9V 9V 10 V 10 V 12 V 12 V 15 V 15 V 18 V 18 V 20 V 20 V 24 V 24 V L78M06ABV L78M08ABV L78M09ABV L78M10ABV L78M12ABV L78M15ABV L78M18ABV L78M20ABV L78M24ABV (*) Available in Tape & Reel with the suffix "-TR". APPLICATION CIRCUITS 3/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES TEST CIRCUITS Figure 1 : DC Parameter Figure 2 : Load Regulation Figure 3 : Ripple Rejection 4/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M05XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 10V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation ∆VO Id ∆Id Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change SVR Supply Voltage Rejection VI = 7 to 20 V Typ. Max. 4.9 5 5.1 V 5 5.2 V mV VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 TJ = 25°C 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 100 IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25°C 50 TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 8 to 25 V 6 mA 0.5 mA -0.5 eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C mV/°C 62 f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C mV 0.8 IO = 5 mA VI = 8 to 18 V IO = 300mA Unit 4.8 VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Min. TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V dB 40 µV 2 V 300 mA 700 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M06XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 11V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter VO Output Voltage Test Conditions TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C ∆VO Load Regulation Id ∆Id Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change Typ. Max. Unit 5.88 6 6.12 V 5.75 6 6.3 V 100 mV 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 120 IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25°C 60 TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift VI = 8 to 21 V Min. VI = 9 to 25 V 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C Supply Voltage Rejection VI = 9 to 19 V IO = 300mA eN Vd Output Noise Voltage Dropout Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz TJ = 25°C 45 2 µV V Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C 270 mA Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C 700 mA SVR f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C mV VI = 35 V 59 dB 5/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M08XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 14V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. 7.84 8 8.16 V 7.7 8 8.3 V mV VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 30 Load Regulation TJ = 25°C VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 160 IO = 5 to 200 mA 80 ∆VO Id ∆Id Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change SVR Supply Voltage Rejection TJ = 25°C TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift VI = 10.5 to 23 V VI = 10.5 to 25 V 6 mA 0.5 mA -0.5 eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C mV 0.8 IO = 5 mA VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C IO = 300mA Unit mV/°C 56 TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V dB 52 µV 2 V 250 mA 700 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M09XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 14V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation ∆VO Id ∆Id Load Regulation Unit 9 9.18 V 9 9.36 V VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 mV VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 30 VI = 11.5 to 24 V TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 180 IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25°C 90 TJ = 25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5 to 350 mA VI = 11.5 to 25 V -0.5 VI = 12.5 to 23 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V TJ = 25°C mV 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA Supply Voltage Rejection 6/17 Max. 8.82 IO = 200 mA SVR Typ. 8.64 Quiescent Current ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Min. 56 mV/°C dB 52 µV 2 V 250 mA 700 mA L78M00AB/AC SERIES ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M10XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 16V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation ∆VO Id ∆Id Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change SVR Supply Voltage Rejection Typ. Max. Unit 9.8 10 10.2 V 9.6 10 10.4 V VI = 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 mV VI = 13 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 30 VI = 12.5 to 25 V TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 200 IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Min. VI = 12.5 to 30 V 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5mA -0.5 VI = 13.5 to 24 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C mV/°C 56 f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C mV TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V dB 64 µV 2 V 245 mA 700 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M12XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 19V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Typ. Max. 11.75 12 12.25 V 11.5 12 12.5 V VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 mV VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 30 VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation ∆VO Id ∆Id Load Regulation TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 240 TJ = 25°C 120 TJ = 25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA VI = 14.5 to 30 V -1 VI = 15 to 25 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V TJ = 25°C Unit mV 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA Supply Voltage Rejection SVR VI = 14.5 to 27 V IO = 5 to 200 mA Quiescent Current ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Min. 55 mV/°C dB 75 µV 2 V 240 mA 700 mA 7/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M15XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 23V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation ∆VO Id ∆Id Load Regulation Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change SVR Supply Voltage Rejection Typ. Max. Unit 14.7 15 15.3 V 14.4 15 15.6 V VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 mV VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 30 VI = 17.5 to 30 V TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 300 IO = 5 to 200 mA TJ = 25°C 150 TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Min. VI = 17.5 to 30 V 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA -1 VI = 22 to 32 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C mV mV/°C 54 TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V dB 90 µV 2 V 240 mA 700 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M18XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 26V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. 17.64 18 18.36 V 17.3 18 18.7 V mV VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation VI = 21 to 33 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 30 Load Regulation VI = 24 to 33 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 360 IO = 5 to 200 mA 180 ∆VO Id ∆Id Quiescent Current TJ = 25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift VI = 21 to 33 V eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V TJ = 25°C mV 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 -1.1 VI = 22 to 32 V IO = 300mA 8/17 TJ = 25°C IO = 5 mA Supply Voltage Rejection SVR VI = 20.5 to 33 V Unit 53 mV/°C dB 100 µV 2 V 240 mA 700 mA L78M00AB/AC SERIES ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M20XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 29V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation Load Regulation 400 IO = 5 to 200 mA 200 ∆VO Id ∆Id Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change 19.6 20 20.4 V 19.2 20 20.8 V VI = 23 to 35 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 mV VI = 24 to 35 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 30 SVR Supply Voltage Rejection VI = 23 to 35 V TJ = 25°C TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift Unit VI = 23 to 35 V 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA -1.1 VI = 24 to 34 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C mV mV/°C 53 TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V dB 110 µV 2 V 240 mA 700 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF L78M24XX (refer to the test circuits, VI = 33V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 µF, C O = 0.1 µF, TJ = -40 to 125°C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125°C (AC) unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. 23.5 24 24.5 V 23 24 25 V mV VO Output Voltage TJ = 25°C VO Output Voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA ∆VO Line Regulation VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C 100 30 Load Regulation VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA TJ = 25°C IO = 5 to 500 mA TJ = 25°C 480 IO = 5 to 200 mA 240 ∆VO Id ∆Id Quiescent Current TJ = 25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Drift TJ = 25°C VI = 27 to 38 V -1.2 VI = 28 to 38 V IO = 300mA eN Output Noise Voltage B =10Hz to 100KHz Vd Dropout Voltage TJ = 25°C Isc Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C Iscp Short Circuit Peak Current TJ = 25°C f = 120Hz TJ = 25°C VI = 35 V TJ = 25°C mV 6 mA 0.5 mA 0.8 IO = 5 mA Supply Voltage Rejection SVR VI = 27 to 38 V Unit 50 mV/°C dB 170 µV 2 V 240 mA 700 mA 9/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES Figure 4 : Dropout Voltage vs Junction Temperature Figure 7 : Output Voltage vs Junction Temperature Figure 5 : Dropout Characteristics Figure 8 : Supply Voltage Rejection vs Frequency Figure 6 : Peak Output Current vs Input-Output Differential Voltage Figure 9 : Quiescent Current vs Junction Temperature 10/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES Figure 10 : Load Transient Response Figure 12 : Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage Figure 11 : Line Transient Response 11/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS The L78M00AB Series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with Thermal Overload Protection that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition, Internal Short-Circuit Protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation that reduces the output short-circuit as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications, compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator input be bypassed with a capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be selected to provide good high-frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all load conditions. A 0.33µF or larger tantalum, mylar, or other capacitor having low internal impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals. Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead. Figure 13 : Current Regulator Vxx IO = + Id R1 Figure 14 : Adjustable Output Regulator VO, 7.0V to 20V VI - VO ≥ 2.0V The addition of an operational amplifier allows adjustment to higher or intermediate values while retaining regulation characteristics. The minimum voltage obtainable with this arrangement is 2.0V greater than the regulator voltage. 12/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES Figure 15 : Current Boost Regulator VBEQ1 R1 = IQ1 IREQ - βQ1 VBEQ1 IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ) R1 Figure 16 : Short-Circuit Protection The circuit of figure 6 can be modified to provide supply protection against short circuits by adding a short-circuit sense resistor, RSC, and an additional PNP transistor. The current sensing PNP must be able to handle the short-circuit current of the three-terminal regulator. Therefore, a four-ampere plastic power transistor is specified. 13/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES TO-220 MECHANICAL DATA DIM. mm. MIN. TYP inch MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 D1 1.27 0.050 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.067 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.067 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.203 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H2 10.0 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 16.4 0.645 L4 13.0 14.0 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.2 6.6 0.244 0.260 L9 3.5 3.93 0.137 0.154 DIA. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151 P011C 14/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES DPAK MECHANICAL DATA mm. inch DIM. MIN. TYP MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. A 2.2 2.4 0.086 0.094 A1 0.9 1.1 0.035 0.043 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.64 0.9 0.025 0.035 B2 5.2 5.4 0.204 0.212 C 0.45 0.6 0.017 0.023 C2 0.48 0.6 0.019 0.023 D 6 6.2 0.236 0.244 E 6.4 6.6 0.252 0.260 G 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 H 9.35 10.1 0.368 0.397 L2 L4 0.8 0.6 0.031 1 0.023 0.039 0068772-B 15/17 L78M00AB/AC SERIES Tape & Reel DPAK-PPAK MECHANICAL DATA mm. inch DIM. MIN. TYP A MIN. TYP. 330 13.0 13.2 MAX. 12.992 C 12.8 D 20.2 0.795 N 60 2.362 T 16/17 MAX. 0.504 0.512 14.4 0.519 0.567 Ao 6.80 6.90 7.00 0.268 0.272 0.2.76 Bo 10.40 10.50 10.60 0.409 0.413 0.417 Ko 2.55 2.65 2.75 0.100 0.104 0.105 Po 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.153 0.157 0.161 P 7.9 8.0 8.1 0.311 0.315 0.319 L78M00AB/AC SERIES Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics All other names are the property of their respective owners © 2003 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States. http://www.st.com 17/17