Impedance-to-Digital Converters—Compact and Easy to Use PDF

Impedance-to-Digital Converters—
Compact and Easy to Use
Key Features
• Single supply, 2.7 V to 5.5 V range
• Internal system clock option
MCLK
AVDD
DVDD
DDS
CORE
(27 BITS)
OSCILLATOR
SCL
DAC
ROUT
• Excitation frequency up to 100 kHz,
resolution <0.1 Hz2
VOUT
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
I2C
INTERFACE
SDA
• Impedance measurement range from
100 V to 10 MV1
• System accuracy of 0.5% typical
Z(V)
REAL
REGISTER
IMAGINARY
REGISTER
AD5933
• Temperature range –40°C to +125°C
RFB
• Serial I2C® interface
1024-POINT DFT
VIN
ADC
(12 BITS)
LPF
• Selectable output peak-to-peak voltage
GAIN
• Phase measurement capability
VDD/2
AGND
DGND
• DDS provides fine frequency excitation
based on predefined frequency
parameters
Integrated Impedance Converter for Complex Measurements
Traditional solutions for impedance measurement involve the design of
complex sampling systems, consisting of many discrete components.
The AD5933 provides a single chip system level solution for impedance
conversion. This integrated solution delivers unprecedented levels of
precision and accuracy, available in a small package, requiring less
design time, and at lower overall cost and power. This advanced level
of integration is particularly important when processing small signals
where excess noise, component tolerances, and temperature drift can
adversely impact measurement accuracy. The AD5933 combines an onboard frequency generator and a 12-bit, 1 MSPS ADC for data collection,
with integrated Fourier processing to measure the impedance, extracting
real and imaginary components of the response signal at each frequency
point. This compact and optimized converter is an ideal solution for
industrial, instrumentation, automotive, and biomedical impedance
sensing applications.
• Data output as real and imaginary
components allowing phase and
impedance magnitude to be calculated
Key Benefits
• Ease of use/integrated solution
• Eliminates need for discrete solution
• All on-chip IC functions designed to
provide synchronized optimal system
performance over temperature
• Compact 16-lead SSOP package
Applications
• Electrochemical impedance analysis
• Proximity/inductive transducers/metal
detection
• Loudspeaker impedance measurement
• Biomedical impedance analysis
• Liquid/concentration analysis
1
To use device to measure impedance outside this range, contact
factory.
2
To use this device at frequencies outside these ranges, contact factory.
Impedance-to-Digital Converters
Part Number Impedance Range1 System Accuracy Power Supply Temperature Range Sampling Speed On-Chip Oscillator Temp Sensor Price @ 1k ($U.S.)
AD5933
100 V to 10 MV
0.5% typ
2.7 V to 5.5 V
–40°C to +125°C
1 MSPS
Yes
Yes
6.65
AD5934
100 V to 10 MV
0.5% typ
2.7 V to 5.5 V
–40°C to +125°C
250 kSPS
No
No
4.35
Lower range can be reduced—see Application Note AN-848.
1
www.analog.com/IDC
Loudspeaker Impedance Measurement
CHANGE IN
RESONANCE DUE
TO APPROACHING
OBJECT
PROXIMITY IMPEDANCE (6)
RESONANT
FREQUENCY
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
DEGREES
To date, various measurement tools are used in loudspeaker
impedance measurement ranging from simple test equipment
(e.g., oscilloscopes, voltmeters, signal generators, etc.) to PC
sound cards and expensive audio network analyzers. A fundamental
limitation exists. The impedance measurement apparatus remains
separate from the audio system driving the loudspeaker. Now, by
using the AD5933, these measurements can be incorporated in the
audio chain. For example, at system power-up, the loudspeaker
impedance and acoustics can be compared to a stored (calibrated)
profile, changes measured, and diagnostic tests performed.
IMPEDANCE (6)
AD5933 vs. Commercial Loudspeaker Analyzer
0
IMPEDANCE MEASURED BY
AD5933
–10
PHASE MEASURED BY
AD5933
–20
–20
IMPEDANCE MEASURED BY
COMMERCIAL ANALYZER
–30
–40
PHASE MEASURED BY
COMMERCIAL ANALYZER
–50
10
100
1k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10k
–10
–30
–40
–50
100k
Proximity/Metal Detection Sensors
The AD5933 enables the user to examine impedance changes due
to induced effects over a range of frequencies. This provides a
more accurate result than a single point measurement and allows
the optimal operating point to be determined. There are a number
of useful applications:
• Proximity or presence detection—The magnetic field of an
approaching or stationary object impacts resonant frequency
of a detection coil.
FO
• Metal recognition—The permeability of a material impacts the
impedance of a detection coil.
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Biomedical Applications for Impedance Sensing
1
16
2
RFB
15
AD5933
3
14
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
4
13
5
12
6
11
7
10
8
9
ADuC702x
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
Analog Devices, Inc.
Europe Headquarters
Analog Devices, Inc.
Wilhelm-Wagenfeld-Str.6
80807 Munich
Germany
Tel: 49.89.76903.0 Fax: 49.89.76603.157
Analog Devices, Inc.
Japan Headquarters
Analog Devices, KK
New Pier Takeshiba
South Tower Building
1-16-1 Kaigan, Minato-ku,
Tokyo, 105-6891
Japan
Tel: 813.5402.8200
Fax: 813.5402.1064
Analog Devices, Inc.
Southeast Asia
Headquarters
Analog Devices
22/F One Corporate Avenue
222 Hu Bin Road Shanghai, 200021 China Tel: 86.21.5150.3000 Fax: 86.21.5150.3222
Sample analysis—Accurate, fast, and affordable analysis of
the constituent component of liquids and samples is of prime
interest for medicine and research. The AD5933 is used to apply
a user-selectable frequency stimulus signal through the sample
and captures impedance changes based on changes induced in
the sample.
PROBE
Application Notes
2
10mF
ADR43x
6
4
For applications notes on these subjects and more, visit
www.analog.com/IDC.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
AD5933/AD5934 Demonstration and Design Tool
This tool is both a demonstration and a design tool for the AD5933
and AD5934 impedance converter/network analyzer products. In
the default (start-up) mode, it demonstrates the steps needed
to configure and use the device. A design mode is also available
which permits free control of the user interface and the calculation
of values for programming the internal registers.
©2006 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property
of their respective owners.
Printed in the U.S.A.
PH05871-2-5/06
RP
100k
–75
10k
–50
MODULUS
Corrosion monitoring—The AD5933 enables a compact in-situ or
hand-held solution for corrosion monitoring systems. Pipelines
and storage tanks are subject to corrosion and the environmental
and cost implications of undetected deterioration are severe. The
corrosion process can be modeled as an equivalent circuit and
impedance spectroscopy allows the evaluation of the state of
corrosion and the corrosion process.
CC
RS
1k
–25
PHASE ANGLE
7V
0.1mF
Analog Devices, Inc.
Worldwide Headquarters
Analog Devices, Inc.
One Technology Way
P.O. Box 9106
Norwood, MA 02062-9106
U.S.A.
Tel: 781.329.4700
(800.262.5643,
U.S.A. only) Fax: 781.461.3113
100
10
0.1
1
10
100
1k
10k
0
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
www.analog.com/IDC