INDEX SUBJECT INDEX ANALOG DEVICES' PARTS INDEX ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION INDEX SUBJECT INDEX A A-law, 3.26 AA Alkaline Battery Discharge Characteristics, 9.197 Aaron, M.R., 3.37 Aasnaes, Hans Bent, 3.108 Aavid 573300, 7.56 AAVID Thermal Technologies, Inc., general catalog, 9.139 Aavid TO-220, heat sink, 7.56 Absorption, within shielding material, 9.149 Absorptive switch, 7.79 ACCEL Technologies, Inc., 9.213 Accuracy: absolute, 2.97 logarithmic DAC, 2.97 relative, 2.97 Acker, David E., 8.104 ACLR, adjacent channel leakage ratio, 2.46, 2.57-58, 2.98 ACPR, adjacent channel power ratio, 2.57-58, 2.98 Acquisition time, 2.98, 7.102 Active lowpass filter, audio DAC, 6.75-76 AD2S90, integrated RDC, 3.103 AD260, digital isolator, 9.114 AD260/AD261: digital isolator, circuit, 9.114-115 key specifications, 9.115 AD261, digital isolator, 9.114 AD376, 16-bit 20-µs SAR ADC, 1.53 AD390, quad 12-bit voltage output DAC, 1.50 AD431, XFET, circuit, 7.25 AD480, op amp, 4.12 AD550, 4-bit binary-weighted µDAC quad switch, 1.25, 1.38, 1.41, 3.15-17, 4.6 AD558, 8-bit 1-µs bipolar/IIL DAC, 1.50 AD561, 10-bit 250-ns LWT current-output DAC, 1.38 AD562, 12-bit 1.5-µs DAC, 1.35, 1.38, 1.41, 1.42 AD563, IC DAC, 1.41 AD565: 12-bit 200-ns LWT current-output DAC, 1.38, 1.39-40, 1.41 circuit diagram, 1.36 AD569, 16-bit segmented double-buffered voltage output BiCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD570, 8-bit 25-µs SAR ADC, 1.39 AD571: 10-bit 25-µs SAR ADC, 1.38, 4.12 diagram, 1.39-40 AD572, 12-bit 25-µs SAR ADC, 1.42-43, 4.6-7 AD574: 12-bit 35-µs SAR ADC, 1.39-40, 1.51, 3.41, 4.12, 6.49 block diagram, 1.40 AD580, precision bandgap reference, with Brokaw cell, 7.5-6 AD620: data sheet, 8.26 overvoltage protection, circuit, 9.106 CM clamping, 9.107 precision in amp, 8.9 AD629, high voltage in-amp, circuit diagram, 9.98 AD670, 8-bit 10-µs ADCPORT, 1.51 AD671, 12-bit 2-MSPS ADC, 1.60 AD673, 8-bit complete ADC, 1.51 AD674, 12-bit 15-µs ADC, 1.51 AD768: 16-bit BiCMOS DAC, 6.73 data sheet, 6.77 single-ended interface, diagram, 6.73 AD770, 8-bit 300-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD797, low-noise buffer, 6.15-16 AD815 high output current differential driver, data sheet, 9.139 AD830, AD8129, AD8130, data sheets, 6.45 AD850, thin-film resistor network, 1.25, 1.41, 3.16-17 AD872: 12-bit 10-MSPS BiCMOS sampling ADC, 1.63 diagram, 1.61 AD974, SAR ADC, 6.18 AD976, SAR ADC, 6.18 AD977, SAR ADC, 6.18 AD76xx-family, single-supply SAR ADC, 6.18 AD77xx-family: 24-bit sigma-delta ADC, 3.126-127 characteristics, 6.15 equivalent input circuit, 6.16 AD92xx-family, CMOS ADC, 6.29-30 AD185x-family, audio DACs, data directed scrambling, 3.133 AD746x-family, low voltage single-supply ADC, 6.18 AD771x-series, 24-bit sigma-delta measurement ADC, 1.63 AD789x-family, 12-, 14-bit 8-channel single-supply ADC, 6.18-19 AD789x-series, LCCMOS SAR single-supply ADC, 1.62 AD813x-family: differential amplifier, 6.75 block diagram, 6.31 configurations, 6.33-34 feedback diagram, 6.31 Index 1 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION AD813x-series, data sheets, 6.77 AD922x-family, single-ended DC-coupled level shifter and driver, circuit, 6.22-23 AD978x-series, 16-bit interpolating TxDAC family, key specifications, 8.135 AD985x, high speed DDS synthesizers, table, 8.171 AD1170, modular ADC, VFC architecture, 3.96 AD1175, 22-bit integrating ADC, 1.53-54 AD1332, 12-bit 125-kSPS sampling ADC, 1.53 AD1377, 16-bit 10-µs SAR ADC, 1.53-54 AD1382, 16-bit 500-kSPS sampling hybrid ADC, 1.64 AD1385, 16-bit 500-kSPS sampling autocalibrated hybrid ADC, 1.64 AD1580: reference circuit, 7.7 shunt mode IC reference, 7.6-7 AD1582-1585: bandgap references, circuit diagram, 7.9 specifications, 7.8 series connection diagram, 7.9 AD1671, 12-bit 1.25-MSPS BiCMOS sampling ADC, 1.63 AD1674: 12-bit 100-kSPS sampling SAR ADC, 1.63 diagram, 1.59 AD1839A: 24-bit 96-kSPS sigma-delta codec, block diagram, 8.69 data sheet, 8.74 AD1853: data sheet, 6.77 sigma-delta audio DAC, 6.75-76 AD1856, 16-bit audio BiCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD1857, 16-bit serial sigma-delta audio DAC, 1.57-58 AD1858, 18-bit serial sigma-delta audio DAC, 1.57-58 AD1859, 20-bit serial sigma-delta audio DAC, 1.57-58 AD1860, 18-bit audio BiCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD1862, 20-bit DAC, diagram, 3.33 AD1865, dual 18-bit stereo DAC, 1.56 AD1871: 24-bit 96-kSPS stereo multi-bit sigma-delta ADC, 3.124 block diagram, 8.66 digital filter, 3.126 key specifications, 3.125 data sheet, 8.74 AD1879, dual audio ADC, 3.123 AD1896: 192-kHz stereo asynchronous sample rate converter, block diagram, 8.73 data sheet, 8.74 AD1953: data sheet, 8.74 Index 2 SigmaDSP 3-channel 26-bit signal processing DAC, block diagram, 8.68 evaluation interface, 8.69 AD1955: 16-/18-/20-/24-bit 192-kSPS sigma-delta DAC, 8.66 functional diagram, 8.67 schematic, 3.134 data sheet, 8.74 AD1985, data sheet, 8.74 AD5170: 8-bit two-time programmable digital potentiometer, block diagram, 8.54 data sheet, 8.58 AD5172: data sheet, 8.58 three-terminal potentiometer, 8.53 AD5172/AD5173, one-time-programmable digital potentiometer, block diagram, 8.53 AD5173, rheostat, 8.53 AD5231, 10-bit digital potentiometer, 5.11 AD5235: 10-bit digital potentiometer, 5.11, 8.52-53 block diagram, 8.52 data sheet, 8.58 AD5245: data sheet, 8.58 digital potentiometer bandwidth model, 8.55 AD5246, data sheet, 8.58 AD5247, data sheet, 8.58 AD5300, 8-bit buffered voltage output DAC, 8.42 AD5310, 10-bit buffered voltage output DAC, 8.42 AD5320: 12-bit buffered voltage output DAC, 8.42-43 diagram, 8.43 data sheet, 8.48 AD5322: 12-bit 100-kSPS dual DAC, block diagram, 6.63 serial input interface, 6.62-64 data sheet, 6.67 AD5340: 12-bit 100-kSPS DAC, block diagram, 6.65 parallel data interface, 6.64-65 to ADSP-2189M, 6.65 data sheet, 6.67 AD5379: 14-bit 40-channel parallel/serial input voltage output DAC, diagram, 8.45 data sheet, 8.48 AD5380, 40-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5381, 40-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5382, 32-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5383, 32-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5390, 16-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5391, 16-channel multiple DAC, 1.65-66 AD5516: INDEX 12-bit 16-channel voltage output DAC, diagram, 8.44 data sheet, 8.48 AD5533B: 32-channel precision infinite SHA, 8.45-46 diagram, 8.46 data sheet, 8.48 AD5535, 32-channel 14-bit high voltage DAC, evaluation board, 9.210, 9.211 AD5541, 16-bit DAC, 8.47 AD5545/AD5555: 16-/14-bit R-2R current-output DAC, 6.74 interface circuit, 6.74 data sheet, 6.77 AD5570, data sheet, 8.48 AD5660, data sheet, 8.48 AD6521: voiceband/baseband mixed-signal codec, 8.141 block diagram, 8.142 AD6522, DSP-based baseband processor, 8.141 AD6624/24A, 8.136 AD6644, 14-bit 65-MSPS XFCB ADC, 3.85 AD6645: 14-bit 80-/105-MSPS ADC, aperture jitter, 6.83 14-bit 80-/105-MSPS BiCMOS ADC, 6.27-28 input common-mode voltage, 6.38-39 RF transformers, 6.29 transformer coupling, 6.28 14-bit 80-/105-MSPS XFCB ADC, 4.12 thermally enhanced package, 9.137 14-bit 80-MSPS XFCB ADC, 3.77-78, 3.85 characteristics, 2.51-53 NF calculation, 2.64-66 SFDR, 2.52, 2.56-57 SNR versus jitter, 2.73 wideband CDMA channel, 2.58 14-bit 105-MSPS XFCB ADC, 1.65-66, 3.85, 8.146 aperture jitter, 6.97 circuit, 7.107-108 diagram, 3.78 data sheet, 6.45 signal sampling frequency, 8.125 subranging pipelined ADC, 8.128 dithered and undithered DNL, 8.128-129 dithered and undithered SFDR FFT, 8.130 DNL errors, 8.128 two-tone intermodulation performance, 8.123 AD7001, CMOS GSM baseband converter, 1.62, 1.63 AD7008: 10-bit 50-MSPS DDS DAC, 1.57 diagram, 1.58 AD7111: LOGDAC monolithic multiplying DAC, 2.112, 3.27 diagram, 3.27 AD7226, quad 8-bit double-buffered voltage output BiCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD7240, 12-bit voltage mode CMOS DAC, 1.50 AD7245, 12-bit double-buffered voltage output LCCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD7450, 12-bit 1-MSPS ADC, evaluation board, 9.210 AD7450A, 12-bit 1-MSPS 3-V ADC, 6.35 AD7450A/AD7440, data sheet, 6.45 AD7466: 12-bit 200-kSPS SAR ADC, 6.17 input circuit, 6.17 timing diagram, 6.51 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468, data sheet, 6.45, 6.67 AD7467, successive approximation ADC, 6.17 AD7468, successive approximation ADC, 6.17 AD7520: 10-bit 500-ns monolithic multiplying CMOS DAC, 1.36-37, 1.38, 4.13 current-mode R-2R architecture, 1.36 AD7524: 8-bit 150-ns LWT multiplying DAC, buffer latch, 1.38 diagram, 1.37-38 AD7528, dual 8-bit buffered CMOS MDAC, 1.50 AD7535, 14-bit double-buffered LCCMOS MDAC, 1.50 AD7541, 12-bit 1-µs LWT multiplying DAC, 1.36-37, 1.38 AD7545, 12-bit buffered CMOS MDAC, 1.50 AD7546, 16-bit segmented CMOS voltage mode DAC, 1.50 AD7550, 13-bit quad slope ADC, 1.38, 1.140 AD7568, 12-bit octal CMOS DAC, 1.56-58 AD7570, 10-bit 20-µs CMOS SAR ADC, 1.38, 1.40 AD7572, 12-bit 5-µs SAR LCCMOS ADC, 1.51 AD7575, 8-bit 5-µs SAR LCCMOS sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7579, 10-bit 50-kSPS LCCMOS SAR sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7582, 4-channel muxed input 12-bit CMOS ADC, 1.51 AD7621, 16-bit 3-MSPS PulSAR ADC, 1.65-66, 3.61 AD7664, 16-bit 570-kSPS ADC, 1.65 AD7674, 18-bit 800-kSPS PulSAR ADC, 1.65-66, 3.61, 6.42-43 AD7675, 16-bit 100-kSPS PulSAR ADC, 3.61 AD7676, 16-bit 500-kSPS PulSAR ADC, 3.61 AD7677: 16-bit 1-MSPS PulSAR ADC, 3.61, 6.41-42 diagram, 3.61 data sheet, 6.45 AD7678, 18-bit 100-kSPS PulSAR ADC, 3.61 AD7679, 18-bit 570-kSPS PulSAR ADC, 3.61 AD7730: 24-bit bridge transducer sigma-delta ADC, 1.63 evaluation board, 9.210 24-bit sigma-delta single-supply ADC, block diagram, 8.3 Index 3 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION 24-bit single-supply sigma-delta ADC, 6.79 bridge application, 3.131 calibration modes, 3.130-131 design component, 8.10 design evaluation, 8.12 diagram, 1.62, 3.128 digital filter, 3.129, 8.4 external voltage reference, 3.131 high impedance input buffer, 6.15 internal digital filter, 3.128-129 key specifications, 8.5 oversampling, 3.128 ratiometric operation and Kelvin sensing, 8.5 resolution, 8.10-11 settling time, 3.130 weigh scale analysis, 8.6, 8.6-12 AD7730/AD7730L, data sheet, 8.26 AD7739: 24-bit sigma-delta ADC, 8.36-38 block diagram, 8.36 timing, 8.38 data sheet, 8.48 AD7793: data sheet, 8.26 dual channel 24-bit sigma-delta ADC, 8.12-14 block diagram, 8.13 AD7820, 8-bit 1.36-µs half-flash sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7821, 8-bit 1-MSPS half-flash sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7840, 14-bit double-buffered voltage output LCCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD7846, 16-bit segmented voltage output LCCMOS DAC, 1.50 AD7853/AD7853L: 12-bit 200-/100-kSPS SAR ADC, 6.55 diagram, 6.55 interfacing, 6.56 data sheet, 6.67 AD7853L, serial ADC output timing, 6.56 AD7854/AD7854L: 12-bit 3-V 200-/100-kSPS parallel output ADC, 6.59-61 block diagram, 6.59-60 data sheet, 6.67 AD7865: 14-bit 4-channel SAR ADC, 8.39-40 block diagram, 8.39 data sheet, 8.48 AD7870, 12-bit 100-kSPS LCCMOS SAR sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7871, 14-bit 83-kSPS LCCMOS SAR sampling ADC, 1.51 AD7873: 12-bit SAR ADC, touchscreen digitizer, 8.102-103 application circuit, 8.103 data sheet, 8.105 Index 4 AD7880: 12-bit 66-kSPS LCCMOS sampling SAR ADC, 1.59, 1.63 diagram, 1.60 AD7890, data sheet, 6.45 AD7890-10, 12-bit 8-channel ADC, input circuit, 6.18-19 AD7908/AD7918/AD7928: 8-, 10-, 12-bit 1-MSPS successive approximation ADC, 8.34-35 block diagram, 8.34 data sheet, 8.48 AD7938/AD7939: 12-, 10-bit 1.5-MSPS successive approximation ADC, 8.35-36 block diagram, 8.35 data sheet, 8.48 AD7943, multiplying DAC, 3.2 AD8001, high speed current-feedback amplifier, evaluation board, 9.207-209 AD8016: 20-lead PSOP3 package, heat sink, 9.131 BATWING package, 9.131 PSOP3 package, 9.130 AD8016 low power high output current xDSL line driver, data sheet, 9.139 AD8017 dual high output current high speed amplifier, data sheet, 9.139 AD8017AR: 8-pin SOIC op amp, maximum power dissipation data, 9.127-128 Thermal Coastline IC package, 9.130 thermal rating curves, 9.129 AD8021: data sheet, 6.45 op amp, 6.41-43 AD8027, data sheet, 6.45 AD8027/8028, op amp family, pin-selectable crossover threshold, 6.8 AD8031, 6.43 AD8038, differential amplifier, 6.37 AD8055, dual supply op amp, 6.72, 6.74 AD8055/AD8056, data sheet, 6.77 AD8057: high speed op amp, 6.12 distortion versus frequency, 6.14 distortion versus output voltage, 6.15 key specifications, 6.13 thermal ratings, 9.133-134 AD8057/AD8058, data sheet, 6.45 AD8058: dual high speed op amp, ADC driver, 6.29-30 distortion versus frequency, 6.14 distortion versus output voltage, 6.15 key specifications, 6.13 thermal ratings, 9.133-134 AD8061: data sheet, 6.77 INDEX op amp, 6.72-73 rail-to-rail output, 6.23 AD8108/AD9109, crosspoint switch, 7.82 AD8110/AD8111, buffered crosspoint switch, 7.82 AD8113, audio/video crosspoint switch, 7.82 AD8114/AD8115, crosspoint switch, 7.82 AD8116: buffered video crosspoint switch, 7.82-83 diagram, 7.83 AD8130, differential receiver, 6.34 AD8131, AD8132, AD8137, AD8138, AD8139, data sheets, 6.45 AD8132, differential ADC driver, 6.35 AD8137, differential amplifier, 6.35 AD8138: differential ADC driver, 6.36-37 noise calculations, 6.37 AD8139: differential amplifier, 6.38-39, 6.42-44 DC coupled driver for ADC, circuit, 6.39 AD8152: 3.2-Gbps asynchronous digital crosspoint switch, 7.83-84 circuit, 7.84 AD8170, bipolar video multiplexer, 7.80 AD8174, bipolar video multiplexer, 7.80 AD8180, bipolar video multiplexer, 7.80 AD8182, bipolar video multiplexer, 7.80 AD8183, video multiplexer, 7.80-81 AD8183/AD8185, triple 2:1 video multiplexers, 7.81 AD8185, video multiplexer, 7.80-81 AD8186, single-supply video multiplexer, 7.80-81 AD8187, single-supply video multiplexer, 7.80-81 AD8346, quadrature modulator, 4.25 AD8349, 800-MHz to 2.7-GHz quadrature modulator, 8.134-136 AD8351: data sheet, 6.45 single-ended to differential converter, 6.40 key features, 6.39-40 performance, 6.40 AD8370: data sheet, 6.45 variable-gain-amplifier, 6.41 AD8402, 2-channel 8-bit DAC, 1.58 AD8403, 4-channel 8-bit DAC, 1.58 AD8515, single-supply rail-to-rail op amp, 6.18 AD8517, single-supply rail-to-rail op amp, 6.18 AD8531/8532/8534, CMOS op amp family, 6.7 AD8551, chopper-stabilized amplifier, 9.50 AD8628: chopper-stabilized op amp, 6.74 data sheet, 6.77 AD8631, single-supply rail-to-rail op amp, 6.18 AD8800, TrimDAC, 1.58 AD9000, 6-bit 75-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9002, 8-bit 150-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9003, 12-bit 1-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53 AD9005, 112-bit 10-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53-54 AD9006/AD9016, 6-bit 500-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9008, DDS DAC, 1.58 AD9012, 8-bit 100-MSPS TTL flash ADC, 1.52 AD9014, 14-bit 10-MSPS modular ADC, 1.64 AD9020, 10-bit 60-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9028/AD9038, 8-bit 300-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9032, 12-bit 210-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.65-66 AD9042: 12-bit 41-MSPS ADC, 1.63, 1.64, 3.85, 4.12 circuit, 7.106-107 functional diagram, 1.61, 3.75 AD9048, 8-bit 35-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9054, 8-bit 200-MSPS ADC, 1.62 AD9054A, 8-bit 200-MSPS MagAMP ADC, 3.86 AD9058, dual 8-bit 50-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9060, 10-bit 75-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 AD9220, 12-bit 10-MSPS CMOS ADC, 1.61, 1.63 AD9221, 12-bit 1-MSPS CMOS ADC, 1.61, 1.63 AD9223, 12-bit 3-MSPS CMOS ADC, 1.61, 1.63 AD9225: 12-bit 25-MSPS CMOS ADC, 6.20-21, 6.24 diagram, 3.76 single-ended input, 6.21 AD9226, 12-bit 65-MSPS ADC, SINAD and ENOB, 2.49 AD9229: quad 12-bit 65-MSPS ADC, 6.52-53 serial outputs, 6.53 AD9235: 12-bit 20-/40-/65-MSPS ADC, 6.36-37 12-bit 65-MSPS CMOS ADC, 3.69 diagram, 3.77 timing diagram, 3.70 data sheet, 6.45 AD9236, 12-bit 80-MSPS ADC, sinewave histogram DNL and INL, 5.43-44 AD9245: 14-bit 80-MSPS 3-V CMOS ADC, packaging and heat sink, 9.135 power dissipation versus frequency, 9.134-135 AD9289: data sheet, 6.67 quad 12-bit 65-MSPS ADC, 6.52 timing diagram, 6.53-54 AD9410, 10-bit 210-MSPS ADC, 3.51-53 AD9430: 12-bit 170-/210-MSPS BiCMOS ADC, 6.26-27, 6.57-59, 9.136-137 block diagram, 6.57-58 demuxed CMOS output timing, 6.59 diagram, 3.77 FIFO evaluation, FFT output, 5.61-62 LVDS driver, diagram, 9.176 NPR, 2.60, 5.70 Index 5 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION packaging and heat sink, 9.136-137 pipelined, 3.69 supply current versus sample rate, 9.136 timing, 6.58 transformer coupling, 6.27 12-bit 210-MSPS ADC, 8.146 evaluation board, 9.211 data sheet, 6.45, 6.67 AD9433, 12-bit 105-/125-MSPS BiCMOS ADC, 6.41 AD9480, 8-bit 250-MSPS ADC, 3.49 AD9700, 8-bit 125-MSPS video ECL DAC, 1.50 AD9712, 12-bit 100-MSPS DAC, 1.57 AD9720, 10-bit 400-MSPS DAC, 1.57 AD9726: 16-bit 600+-MSPS DAC, block diagram, 6.66 LVDS input, 6.66 data sheet, 6.67 AD9744, 14-bit 165-MSPS TxDAC, spectral output, 5.22-23 AD9772A, data sheet, 6.77 AD9773, 12-bit TxDAC, oversampling interpolating, 2.89 AD9775: 14-bit 160-/400-MSPS TxDAC, 3.22 CMOS DAC core, structure, 3.22 oversampling interpolating, 2.89 AD9777: 16-bit 160-MSPS TxDAC, oversampling interpolating, 2.89 power dissipation, 9.138 SFDR, 2.84-86 smart partitioning, diagram, 4.25 AD9786, 16-bit 160-MSPS TxDAC, block diagram, 8.134 AD9814, 14-bit 3-channel CCD front-end, 8.99 AD9816, 12-bit 3-channel CCD front-end, 8.99 AD9822, 14-bit 3-channel CCD front-end, 8.99 AD9826, 16-bit 3-channel CCD front-end, 8.99 AD9833, low power 50-MSPS DDS synthesizer, key features, 8.167 AD9834: low power 50-MSPS DDS synthesizer, block diagram, 8.167 key features, 8.167 AD9850, 10-bit 125-MSPS DDS DAC, 1.57 AD9851, 10-bit DDS DAC, spectral outputs, 5.22 AD9857: 14-bit 200-MSPS quadrature digital upconverter, 8.173 block diagram, 8.173 AD9858: 10-bit 1-GSPS DAC DDS, 1.65-66, 8.168-171 block diagram, 8.169 key specifications, 8.170 single loop upconversion, 8.170 AD9860/AD9862: mixed-signal front end, Index 6 broadband communications, 4.29 for broadband wireless OFDM modem, 4.29 AD9877/AD9879, set-top box mixed signal front end, 4.25 AD9887A: 8-bit 170-MSPS dual flat panel interface, functional diagram, 8.93 data sheet, 8.105 AD9888: 8-bit 100-/140-/170-/205-MSPS analog flat panel interface, diagram, 8.92 data sheet, 8.105 AD9898: CCD signal processor, block diagram, 8.99 data sheet, 8.105 AD9954: 14-bit 400-MSPS 1.8-V DDS, 8.171-172 block diagram, 8.172 key specifications, 8.172 AD10242, dual 12-bit 41-MSPS AD9042 ADCs, 1.64 AD10678, 16-bit 65-/80-/105-MSPS multichip ADC, 1.65-66 AD12400: 12-bit 400-MSPS ADC, 1.65-66, 8.152-155 Advanced Filter Bank, 8.152-154 block diagram, 8.153 AD74122: 16-/20/24-bit 48-kSPS stereo voiceband codec, 8.65 block diagram, 8.65 data sheet, 8.74 AD20msp430: chipset, composition, 8.141 SoftFone chipset, 8.140-141 AD1671, 12-bit 1.25-MSPS sampling BiCMOS ADC, diagram, 1.60 Adage, 1.21, 1.23-24 Adams, R., 3.137 Adams, Robert, 3.137 Adams, Robert W., 3.36, 3.137 Adams, R.W., 3.137 ADC: 1-bit comparator, 3.42-45 3-bit binary ripple, input and residue waveforms, 3.80 3-bit folding, based on Chasek design, 3.83 single-ended waveforms, 3.83 block diagram, 3.82 input and residue waveforms, 3.82 3-bit serial-binary, diagram, 3.80 5-bit counting, 3.88 developed by Reeves, 1.9 Reeves, 3.88 6-bit subranging error corrected, diagram, 3.68 diagrams, 3.66 INDEX 7-bit 9-MSPS recirculating pipelined, diagram, 3.74 7-bit pipelined, proposed, 3.75 8- to 16-bit, theoretical maximum NPR, 2.60 10-, 11-, 12-bit, theoretical NPR, 2.59 12-bit, noise floor, 2.43 testing methods, 5.33 16-bit, requires 16-bit driver, 6.42 16-bit sigma-delta, 1.51 50-kSPS vacuum-tube based, 1.21 absolute accuracy, 2.97 analog bandwidth, 2.50 using FFT, 5.75 analog input, high frequency BER test, 2.80 analog signal, BER test, 2.79 analyzer configuration file, inputs, 5.62 aperture delay time, 5.73 aperture jitter, 6.83 locked-histogram test method, 5.70-72 using FFT, 5.73-75 architecture, 3.39-108 counting and integrating, 3.87-103 timeline, 3.87 design issues, 3.78 audio, high performance, 8.66-69 back-to-back static testing, 5.31-33 BER, 2.76-80, 3.45, 5.83-86 testing, 2.77-78, 5.83 BiCMOS, 6.5 binary, single-stage transfer function, diagram, 3.79 bipolar process, 6.1 bit error rate, 2.76-80 buffered differential input, 6.26 buffering, against logic noise, 9.60-62 charge run-down, 3.89 code center, 5.28, 5.29-30 code density test, code density test, 5.40 DNL integration, 5.40 linear ramp input, 5.38-44 code transition noise, 5.38 code transition points, test setup, 5.29-30 combined pipelined and multibit, diagram, 3.71 conversion using one stage per bit, 3.78 counting and integrating, 3.87-113 architecture timeline, 1.29 crossplot measurements, linearity, 5.33-35 crossplot test, 5.34 static errors, major code transitions, 5.35 differential amplifier, driving, 6.29-44 fully integrated driver, 6.31-34 differential gain, 5.78-83 differential input, driver, 6.23-29 drivers, 6.35-44 integrated differential driver, 6.35-44 single-ended circuits, driving, 6.21-23 switched capacitor, driving, 6.19-23 differential nonlinearity, details, 2.18 differential phase, 5.78-83 digital interface, 6.47-67 digital output, grounding, 9.37-38 digitally corrected subranging, 3.65 drive circuit, 6.2 driver, differential amplifier, 6.29-44 selection criteria, 6.3 driving, 6.15-44 dual slope, diagram, 3.96 integrator output waveforms, 3.97 dual slope/multi-slope, 3.96-98 dynamic performance analysis, 2.42 dynamic range, 6.1 dither, 8.126-131 increasing using dither, 8.126-131 dynamic testing, 5.45-86 back-to-back, 5.45-49 setup, 5.45 FFT, basics, 5.51-59 manual, 5.45-49 manual "back-to-back", 5.45-49 ENOB using sinewave curve fitting, 5.49-50 error corrected, 3.61-78 external reference, diagram, 3.39 feedback subtraction, 1.28, 3.54 FFT analysis, 2.41 flash, 1.40, 3.46-53 4-, 6-, 8-bit monolithic, 1.41 8-bit 20-MSPS, SHA, 2.26 monolithic, 1980s, 1.52-53 PCM patent, 1.6 folding, 3.78-87 function, 2.1 gain and ENOB versus frequency, 2.50 generalized bit-per-stage architecture, diagram, 3.79 grounding, 9.30 high-impedance differential input, transmission accuracy, 9.52 high-resolution, using VFC and frequency counter, 3.92 high-speed, architectures, 3.46-87 timeline, 1.29, 3.87 back-to-back testing, 5.46 CMOS latched buffer, 9.61-62 pipelined, CMOS process, 4.15 histogram test, linear ramp input, 5.38-44 hybrid, 1970s, list, 1.43 1980s, 1.53-54 1990s, 1.64 hybrid and modular, Index 7 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION 1980s, 53-54 1990s, 1.64 high performance, 1980s, list, 1.53 ideal bipolar, transfer function, 2.10 input and output, definition, 2.1 input impedance, equal to source resistance, 2.62 input protection, circuit, 9.109 integrating, frequency response, 3.98 integrating and counting, 3.87-113 linearity, crossplot measurements, 5.33-35 testing methods, 5.46 metastable states, 2.76-80 modular, 1980s, 1.53-54 1990s, 1.64 early 1970s, 1.44 monolithic, 1970s, 1.38-40 summary, 1.40 1980s, 1.51 list, 1.51 1990s, 1.59-64 list, 1.63 multistage subranging, design, 3.78 N-bit two-stage subranging, diagram, 3.62 residue waveforms, 3.63 noise, 2.43-45 noise and distortion sources, 2.44 noise figure, model, 2.61 oversampling and process gain effects, 2.65 from SNR, sampling rate, and input power, 2.64 summary, 2.68 non-monotonic, missing code, 2.19 non-monotonicity, 2.18-19 trimming, 2.19 nonlinearity, using beat frequency and envelope tests, 5.49 Nyquist-type, 8.1 offset and gain error, measurement, 5.31 optical converter, 3.98-99 output, error codes, 2.76 overvoltage recovery time, 5.77-78 parallel output interface, 6.51, 6.57-61 timing, 6.57 pipelined, 2.113, 3.61-78, 6.49-50 1-bit per stage, diagram, 3.72 1.5-bit per stage: error corrected range, 3.73 residue waveform, 3.73-74 error correction, 3.72 stages, diagram, 3.71 timing diagram, 3.69 power meter, application, 8.22-25 power-saving modes, 3.41 Index 8 practical, noise, 2.43-44 processing gain, FFT output, 5.55 quantization noise, 2.37-45 quantization uncertainty, 5.28 ramp run-up, 3.89-90 recirculating subranging, 3.74 reference input terminal, buffered, 3.40 reference value, 3.39 reference with buffer, diagram, 3.40 relationship to DAC, 2.1 resolver-to-digital converter and synchro, 3.99-103 sampling, 2.112, 7.92 internal SHA, 9.30 sample-and-hold function, 5.45 simultaneous sampling system, 8.39 sampling clock input, 3.41 SAR, 3.91, 6.50 algorithm, 3.57 algorithm analogy, 1.27 development summary, 1.28 diagram, 1.28 fundamental timing, diagram, 3.53-54 switched capacitor DAC, 3.55 timing, 3.54-55 serial bit-per-stage binary and Gray-coded, 3.78-87 serial interface to DSPs, 6.55-56 serial output interface, 6.51-54 servo-loop tester, computer-based, 5.36-38 servo-loop transition test, 5.35-36 settling time, 2.112, 5.76-77 SFDR, 2.41 sigma-delta, 2.112 architecture timeline, 1.30 digital filter, 2.74 high resolution, 3.127-131 driving, 6.15-16 high speed clock, 9.30 performance: chop mode disabled, 8.183 normal, 8.182 switched capacitor input, circuit, 7.22 synchronization, 8.40 sign-magnitude, 2.15 single-supply, CMOS, 6.5 driver, fundamental application circuit, 6.4 input protection, circuit, 9.109 scaled input, driving, 6.18-19 SNR, 2.63 sampling clock jitter, 5.60 sparkle codes, 2.76-80 specifications, 5.27-28 static, 5.28-44 back-to-back, testing, 5.32 testing, 5.28-44 static transfer, DC errors, 2.12-21 INDEX subranging, 1.53-54, 2.19, 2.113, 3.11, 3.61-78 improper trimming, errors, 2.20 missing codes, 3.63 pipeline stage design, 3.67-68 successive approximation, 3.11, 3.53-61, 3.91 5-bit 8-kSPS, 3.58 dynamic transient loads, 7.23-24 single-ended input, driving, 6.17-18 superposition, 5.34 testing, 5.27-91, 5.28 back-to-back static, 5.31-33 dynamic, 5.45-86 FFT, 5.51-59 time-interleaved, block and timing diagrams, 8.147 total effective input noise, from SNR, 2.63 total SNR, equation, 2.72-73 tracking, 3.90-91 transfer function, endpoint measurement, 5.35 referred noise, 5.37 transient response, 2.73-74, 2.73-75 trimmed, 3.39 unipolar, transfer function;, 2.5 video testing, 5.78-83 voltage-to-frequency converter, 3.91-96 ADC-12QZ: 12-bit 40-µs SAR ADC, 1.44, 1.46 quad-switch ICs, 4.6 ADC-12U, 12-bit 10-µs SAR ADC, Pastoriza, 1.24-25 ADC analyzer software: Coherent Sampling Calculator, 5.63 single-tone input, 5.65 two-tone input, 5.65 ADC/DAC, DNL errors, 2.47 ADC FIFO evaluation kit, ADC evaluation boards, 9.211-212 ADC80, 12-bit 25-µs SAR ADC, 1.43 ADC1130, 14-bit 12-µs SAR ADC, 1.46 ADC1140, 16-bit 35-µs SAR ADC, 1.53 ADE775x-series, energy-metering IC, 1.63 ADE7755: data sheet, 8.26 energy metering IC, 8.23-25 block diagram, 8.23 current and voltage sense connections, 8.25 pulse output, 8.24 ADF4360: PLL with internal VCO, 6.93 phase noise and jitter, 6.93 ADG200-series, switches and multiplexers, 7.62 ADG201-series, switches and multiplexers, 7.62 ADG439F, trench-isolated multiplexer, 7.89 ADG465: channel protector IC, circuit diagram, 9.98 single channel protector, 9.110 ADG466, triple channel protector, 9.110-111 ADG467, octal channel protector, 9.110 ADG508F, trench-isolated multiplexer, 7.89 ADG509F, trench-isolated multiplexer, 7.89 ADG528F, trench-isolated multiplexer, 7.89 ADG708: 8-channel multiplexer, crosstalk versus frequency, 7.72 off-isolation versus frequency, 7.68 ADG801/ADG802, CMOS switch, resistance versus input, 7.64 ADG918, absorptive CMOS switch, 7.79 ADG919, reflective CMOS switch, 7.79 ADG32xx-series, bus switches, 7.84 ADG324x-series, unidirectional interfaces, 9.191 ADG3231: low-voltage bus switch, 9.188-189 low voltage logic level translator, diagram, 9.191 ADG3233: low voltage logic level translator and bypass switch, 9.191-192 functional block diagram, 9.192 modes, 9.193 ADG3246: bus switch, hot-plug application, 9.194 hot swapping, 9.194 ADG3257: quad 2:1 Mux/Demux bus switch, 9.186-188 eye diagrams, 9.188 maximum pass voltage versus input voltage, 9.188 resistance versus input voltage, 9.187 Adjacent channel leakage ratio, 2.57-58, 2.98 Adjacent channel power ratio, 2.57-58, 2.98 Adler, Joseph V., 6.98 ADM1023: data sheet, 8.26 microprocessor temperature monitor, 8.19-22 block diagram, 8.21 input conditioninc circuits, 8.20 key specifications, 8.22 on-chip temperature sensor, 8.21 ADM3311E RS-232 Port Transceiver, data sheet, 9.126 ADP33xx-series, LDO architecture, diagram, 9.70 ADP330x family: anyCAP topology, 7.40-41, 7.43 merged amplifier-reference design, 7.40-41 ADP333x family: anyCAP topology, 7.40 merged amplifier-reference design, 7.40-41 ADP3300: basic 50-mA LDO regulator circuit, 7.46 evaluation board, capacitor size, 7.48 ADP3310: anyCAP LDO regulator controller, current limiting, 7.57 Index 9 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION features, 7.52 functional diagram, 7.52-53 LDO linear regulator controller, 9.79-80 ADP3310-3.3, fixed-voltage LDO controller, 9.77-78 ADP3310-5, PMOS FET LDO regulator controller, circuit, 7.53 ADP3331, LDO, adjustable, 9.73 ADP3605, voltage inverter, 9.76 ADP3607: voltage doubler, 9.76 functional diagram, 9.76 ADP3607-5, charge-pump, application circuit, 9.77 ADR01/ADR02/ADR03, data sheet, 6.77 ADR39x: bandgap reference specification, 7.10 connection diagram, 7.10 ADR290-ADR293 series: circuit, 7.12 specifications, 7.13 ADR430-ADR439 series, specifications, 7.13 ADR510, shunt reference, 7.5 ADR512, shunt reference, 7.5 ADSP-2106L, SHARC DSP, 9.170 ADSP-2189, 75-MHz DSP, 6.60-61 ADSP-2189M: data sheet, 6.67 DSP, 6.55-56 ADSP-21160, SHARC with internal PLL, 9.43 ADT1-1WT, Mini-Circuits RF transformer, 6.26-27 ADT4-1WT, Mini-Circuits RF transformer, 6.24-25 ADT7301: 13-bit digital temperature sensor, 8.17-19 circuit, 8.18 key specifications, 8.18 data sheet, 8.26 ADu7xxx-series, microconverter, based on ARM7 processor, 8.187-190 ADuC-series, MicroConverters, 1.65-66 ADuC70xx-series, development system, 8.189 ADuC702x-series, ARM7-based MicroConverters, 8.188 ADuC812 MicroConverter, precision analog microcontroller, 1.63 ADuC814, reduced pin-count low cost SAR MicroConverter, diagram, 8.179 ADuC834, MicroConverter, in bridge transducer, 8.184-185 ADuM1100A: digital isolator, 9.112-114 characteristics, 9.113 ADuM1100B: digital isolator, 9.112-114 characteristics, 9.113 ADV453, video RAM-DAC, 1.50 ADV471, video RAM-DAC, 1.50 ADV476, video RAM-DAC, 1.50 ADV478, video RAM-DAC, 1.50 ADV7125: Index 10 data sheet, 8.105 triple 8-bit 330-MSPS DAC, 8.88-89 functional diagram, 8.89 ADV7160/ADV7162: 220-MSPS video RAM-DAC, diagram, 8.90 data sheet, 8.105 ADV7183A: 10-bit video decoder, 8.82-83 block diagram, 8.83 data sheet, 8.104 ADV7310: 12-bit video encoder, 8.83-84 block diagram, 8.84 data sheet, 8.104 Advanced digital post processing, 8.151 Advanced filter bank, 8.146, 8.151-155, 8.152 block diagram, 8.152 design, 8.152-155 digital post-processing, 8.151-155 Advanced Filter Bank technical description, 8.157 Advanced Micro Devices, 1.25, 1.28, 1.33, 1.40, 1.45, 1.52 Advanced Mobile Phone Service, 8.108 AFE, 1.66 Agilent Labs, 8.146 Agilent press release, 8.157 Aging, resistor, 9.14 Air-gap discharge, ESD testing, 9.121 Akazawa, Yukio, 2.90, 3.105 Alfke, P., 9.197 Aliasing, 2.26, 2.98 in direct digital synthesis, 8.163-165 implications;, 2.27 in time domain, 2.28 All-0s, all bits off, 2.105 All-1s, all bits on, 2.104 All bits off, 2.105 All bits on, 2.104-105 All-parallel ADC, 3-bit converter, 3.46 Aluminum electrolytic capacitor, 9.8 AM685, 1.40 ECL latched comparator, 3.43-44 IC comparator, 1.41 AM685/687, 3.49-50 AM687, 1.40 dual ECL comparator, 1.45 high-speed comparator, 3.63 IC comparator, 1.41 AM6688: 4-bit 100-MSPS flash ADC, 1.40, 1.45, 1.52 4-bit 100-MSPS flash converter, Advanced Micro Devices Inc., 3.49 Ammann, Stephan K., 3.108 Amplifier: differential, fully integrated driver, 6.31-34 voltage levels, 6.32 feedback, patent, 1.14 intercept points, definition, 2.54 INDEX output stages, 6.8-10 performance, 6.3-15 rail-rail input stages, 6.5-8 Amplifier output: EMI/RFI, 9.162-163 voltage phase-reversal, 9.101-102 AMPS wideband digital receiver, 8.117 noise, 8.120 sensitivity, 8.119 spurious requirements, 8.118 Analog bandwidth, 2.46, 2.98 ADC, 2.50 data converter, 6.3 using FFTs, 5.75 Analog computing circuitry, 2.2 Analog connector, high-end receiver, 8.81 Analog Devices, 1.33 Analog Devices, Inc., founding, 1.24 Analog Dialogue, 1.47 Analog Dialogue magazine, 1.33-34 Analog-Digital Conversion Handbook, 1.34 Analog-Digital Conversion Notes, 1.34 Analog Front End, 1.66 Analog-front-end integrated devices, 8.99 Analog front ends, 1.55 Analog full scale, 2.14 Analog ground, in mixed-signal IC, 9.35 Analog ground plane, PCB, 9.37 Analog multiplexer, diagram, 8.28-31 Analog power supply, systems, 9.65-91 Analog switch: application, 7.73-78 dummy switch in feedback, 7.76 dynamic performance, 7.74 minimizing on resistance, 7.75-77 and multiplexer, 7.61-89 unity gain inverter, 7.74 Analog-to-time conversion, using PTM, 1.8 Analog variable, 2.2 Analogic, 1.23 Analogic Corporation, 1.33 Analogic, Inc., 4.2 Anderson, Robin N., 3.108 Andreas, D., 3.137 Andrews, James R., 5.25 Anti-ballistic missile system, 1.22-23 Anti-imaging filter, 8.163 digital audio, 8.64 Antialiasing filter, 2.29, 3.115 design and requirements, 2.30 dynamic range, 2.30 elliptic, TTE Inc., 2.31 position, op amp noise, 6.38 transition band, 2.30 undersampling, 2.33-34 anyCAP: design features, 7.40-42 functional diagram, basic LDO regulator, 7.45-46 LDO regulator, functional diagram, 7.45 thermal considerations, 7.46-51 LDO series devices, 7.43-44 low current, 7.44 "paddle-under-lead" packaging, 7.50 thermal coastline packaging, 7.49 thermal performance, 7.48 LDO topology, benefits, 7.43 low dropout regulator family, 7.39-51 pole-splitting topology, 7.42-43 pole splitting topology, 7.42-43 anyCAP LDO regulators, 9.70, 9.72 Aperture delay, 2.69 sample-to-sample variation, 2.70 SHA, 7.96-97 Aperture delay time, 2.68-72, 2.98 ADC, 5.73 measurement, using locked-histogram test, 5.73 SHA, 7.96-97 Aperture jitter, 2.68-72, 2.99, 6.83, 9.39 ADC, locked-histogram test method, 5.70-72 calculation, using locked-histogram test, 5.72 degradation in SNR, 5.74 effects, 2.70 RMS noise, 5.72 sample-to-sample variation, 2.70 SHA, 7.97 test setup, 5.74 using FFTs, 5.73-75 Aperture time, 2.68-72, 2.98 SHA, 7.95 Aperture time jitter, 1.49 Aperture uncertainty, 2.99 SHA, 7.97 ARM7, TDMI microcontroller, 8.141 ARM7TDMI, MCU core, 8.187 Armstrong, Major Edwin H., 8.108 Aspinall, D., 3.106, 7.111 Asynchronous digital subscriber line, 9.194 Asynchronous VFC, 3.91 Audio, digitall, 8.59-74 Audio codec, multichannel, 8.69-70 Audio DAC, multichannel, 8.69-70 Audio DAC family, chart, 8.67 Audio Engineering Society, standards, 8.60 Audio Precision, 5.25 Audio Precision, System Two, analyzer, 5.19 Automatic zero, 2.99 Avalanche diode, 7.3 AWG2020, Tektronix, 5.17 AWG2021, Tektronix, 5.17 B B4001 and B4003 common-mode chokes, 9.178 Back-to-back testing, ADC, for large-signal input, 5.48 Baird, Jon, 8.175 Baker, Bonnie, 9.63 Index 11 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Baker, R. Jacob, 2.117, 3.140, 5.89, 5.91 Baldwin, Eugene E., 5.25 Ball-grid array, 1.55 Ball-grid-array, packaging, 4.17 Ball grid array package, 9.200 Ballistic trajectory computation, 1.21 Ball, W.W. Rouse, 1.32, 3.105 Bandgap reference, 6.80, 7.4-10 basic, 7.4 characteristics, 7.14 Bandpass filter, 5.70-72, 6.92 Bandpass sampling, 2.31-32 Bandpass sigma-delta ADC, 3.132-133 Bandwidth: aliasing, 2.98 analog input small-signal, 2.99 effective resolution, 2.99 full-linear, 2.99 full-power, 2.98, 2.99 full width, 2.98 sampling, rule, 2.32 Bardeen, J., 1.18, 4.9 Bardeen, John, 1.15, 4.3-4 Barnes, Erik, 8.105 Barney, K. Howard, 3.107 Barrow, Jeff, 9.63 Barr, P., 1.31, 5.87 Bartow, Doug, 8.105 Baseband antialiasing filter, 2.29-31 Baudon, J.M.E., 1.4 Baudot code, 1.3 BCD, coding scheme, 2.14 Beat frequency test: ADC linearity, 5.46-47 test setup, 5.47 Beckman Instruments, 1.24 Bedingfield, Robert C., 1.23 Bell Laboratories, 1.14-16, 1.22-23, 4.3-4 Bell Labs, 7.91 Gray code, 2.6 nonlinear DAC, 3.26 Bell µ-255 standard, 3.26 Bell System, 1.3 Bell Telephone Laboratories, 1.10-11, 1.17, 8.59 Bell Telephone Labs, 3.109 Bell Telephone system, 4.1 Bell, Alexander Graham, 1.3, 1.17 Bell, Barry A., 5.25 Benjamin, O.J., 3.137 Bennett, W.R., 1.18, 2.37, 2.90 BER, 2.76-80, 3.45 ADC, 2.76-80 bit error rate, 2.76-80, 3.45, 5.83 tests, 5.83-86 high-frequency test, analog input, 5.84-85 low-frequency test, analog signal, 5.84 PC-based test, test setup, 5.86 tests, 5.83-86 and time between errors, 2.80 Index 12 Best straight line method, integral linearity error measurement, 2.16 Best, R.E., 6.98, 8.175 Beyschlag Resistor Products, 9.24 Bias current, 2.99 BiCMOS, 1.49 Bin width, in FFT, 5.54 Binary code: shadow mask, 1.12 unipolar, 2.4 Binary-coded decimal code, 2.11-12 table, 2.12 Binary-coded shadow mask, 3.47 Binary number, 2.3 Binary ripple ADC, 3.81 Binary-to-Gray code, conversion, 2.8 Binary transfer function, 3.78 Binary-weighted DAC, 3.9-12 Binary-weighted voltage-mode DAC, 3.9 Bipolar code: 4-bit converter, table, 2.9 relationships, table, 2.11 Bipolar converter, 2.14-15 Bipolar mode, 2.100 Bipolar offset, 2.100, 2.110 Bipolar processes, 4.11 Bipolar zero error, DAC, 5.2-4 Bird's nest breadboard, 9.201 Bit error rate, see BER Bit-per-stage ADC, 3.88 BJT RFI rectification, 9.157-158 sensitivity, 9.159 Black, Harold S., 1.14, 1.18, 4.1, 4.9 Black, H.S., 1.11, 1.18, 2.90, 4.9 Blackman, window function, 5.57-58 Black, W.C., Jr., 8.157 Blair, Jerome, 5.89 Blanking, 1.53 Blattner, Rob, 7.60 Bleaney, B., 9.24, 9.63 Bleaney, B.I., 9.24, 9.63 Block conversion, 8.115 Blood, William R., Jr., 9.179 Bloomingdale, Cindy, 9.179 Bode plot, 7.67 Bogatin, Eric, 9.178, 9.179 Bondzeit, Frederick, 3.108 Bootstrapping, 7.103 Bordeax, Ethan, 9.181 Boser, B., 3.137 Bowers, G.G., 1.31 Boyce, David E., 5.89 BPF, bandpass filter, 3.132 Brahm, C.B., 3.111, 3.136 Brannon, Brad, 2.90, 6.98, 8.156, 8.157 Brattain, Walter, 1.15, 4.3-4 Brattain, W.H., 1.18, 4.9 Breadboarding, 9.199-213 and prototyping, 9.199-213 INDEX Bridge, ratiometric, 8.9 Bridge output, 2.2 Broadband aperture jitter, 6.83 Brokaw cell, 7.5-6 bandgap reference, 7.33-34 Brokaw, A. Paul, 1.47, 4.19 Brokaw, Adrian Paul, 1.47, 3.36 Brokaw, Paul, 1.35, 1.40, 1.47, 3.18, 4.12, 7.26, 7.60, 9.63, 9.91, 9.179 Bruck, Donald B., 2.116, 3.139, 5.87, 5.90 Bryant, James, 2.1, 2.37, 2.93, 3.1, 3.39, 3.108, 3.109, 4.11, 4.19, 7.1, 9.1, 9.25, 9.30, 9.63, 9.93, 9.125, 9.141, 9.178, 9.199 Bryne, Mike, 9.126 BTL, standards, 9.184 Buchanan, James E., 9.23 Bucklen, Willard K., 3.105, 8.104 Buckley, Kevin, 8.105 Buffer, ADC digital output, 9.37 Buffer amplifier, 3.18-19 Buffer latch, 1.35 Buffering: AC analog outputs, 6.69-77 ADC reference, 3.40 BiCMOS ADC, 6.25-26 complementary bipolar ADC, 6.25-26 DAC analog output, 6.69-77 internal, 6.1 Bulk metal resistor, 9.16 Buried Zener, 6.80, 7.11, 7.14, 7.16, 7.19 Burkhardt, Andrew, 9.178 Burr Brown, 1.23, 1.33 Burst mode, 6.49-50 Bus, 2.100 Bus switch: advantages, 9.187 hot swap and hot plug applications, 9.193-194 low voltage, 9.190 NMOS FET, for interfacing, 9.186-190 Buss wire, 9.31 Busy, ADC status, 3.41 Butterworth filter, 2.30 noise bandwidth, 2.62 two-pole, SNR, 2.87 Buxton, Joe, 9.93, 9.125, 9.178 Bypass/decoupling, local high frequency, 9.89-90 Byrne, Mike, 9.30 Byte, 2.100, 2.112 low, 2.100 C Cable: electrically long, 9.151 electrically short, 9.151 ground loops, in shielded twisted pair, 9.152 improper use of shielding, 9.151 mutual inductance, 9.19 shielded, hybrid grounding with passive sensor, 9.153 impedance-balanced drive, 9.154 Cable driving, 9.1 Cables and shields, 9.151-155 Cage jack, 9.31, 9.205 Calibration process, 4.8 Candy, J.C., 2.116, 3.37, 3.112, 3.136, 3.137, 3.139, 5.90 Capacitance, 4.15 parallel plates, diagram, 9.58 Capacitance-coupled noise, reduction, 9.144-145 Capacitive coupling: EMI path, 9.142 equivalent circuit, 9.59 Capacitive noise, 9.59, 9.59-60 Capacitor, 9.2-8 ceramic, 9.82, 9.84 comparisons, 9.8 decoupling, 9.36, 9.41, 9.43 dielectric absorption, 7.101, 9.3-4 circuit diagram, 9.3 dissipation factor, 9.5-6 electrolytic, 9.7, 9.82, 9.83 equivalent circuit, 9.84 failure mechanisms, 9.7 film, 9.82, 9.83 general purpose aluminum, 9.83 leakage, 9.5 materials, 9.2 noise reduction, 9.82-85 organic semiconductor, 9.83 parasitic waveforms, 9.84 parasitics, 9.2-3, 9.5-6 passive component, 9.1 polarized, 9.7 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.82-85 series impedance, 9.5 stacked-film, 9.83 switching, 9.83 tantalum, 9.83 temperature, 9.6 tolerance, 9.6 types, 9.2, 9.4, 9.82 Carbon composition resistor, 9.9, 9.16 Carbrey, R.L., 3.37 Card entry filter, 9.87-88 circuit diagram, 9.87 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.87-88 ringing, 9.87 Carrier, and harmonic distortion, 2.48 Cascaded network, two-stage, diagram, 2.67 Cattermole, K.W., 1.2, 1.17, 2.22, 2.90, 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 CAV-1040, 10-bit 40-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53-54 CAV-1220, 12-bit 20-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53-54 Caveney, R.D., 3.106 Index 13 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION CB, 3.85 CB processes, 4.12 JFET used, 4.12 CCD: kT/C noise, 8.97 output stage and waveforms, 8.96 thermal noise, calculation, 8.97 CCD array, linear and area, chart, 8.95 CCD image processor, 1.55 CCD imaging electronics, 8.94-99 CDMA, spread-spectrum system, 8.112 CDMA system, signals, chart, 8.123 Çeçen, Kâzim, 1.17 Cecil, Jim, 4.13 Cell phone, handsets, 8.136-139 Cellular radio system, 2.40 Cellular telephone: ADC and DAC, handsets, 8.139-145 handsets, 8.136-139 ADCs and DACs, 8.139-140 receiver, direct conversion architecture, 8.143 Cellular telephone system, 8.108 Ceramic capacitor, 9.82 Chain code, 1.3 Changeover switch, 3.3 Channel protector, for dual-supply in-amp, circuit, 9.107 Channel-to-channel isolation, 2.100, 2.102 Channelizer, 8.115 Charge-balance VFC, 3.91 diagram, 3.93 Charge-coupled device, 8.94-99 Charge coupling, 7.71 Charge injection, 2.100 reducing, 7.104 Charge injection model, 7.69 Charge-pump circuit, 9.74 Charge-pump voltage converter, 9.74-75 advantages, 9.74-75 characteristics, 9.75 regulated output, 9.75-77 Charge run-down ADC, 3.89 Charge transfer, 2.100, 2.111 Charged Device Model, ESD model, 9.121 Charpentier, A., 3.137 Chasek, N.E., 3.82, 3.106 Chesnut, Bill, 9.91 Chip area, voltage tolerance/compliance, 9.196 Chip enable, 6.57 Chip-on-Lead packaging, 7.49-50 Chip-scale package, 1.55 Chip-scale-packaging, 4.17 Chip Select, ADC edges, 3.42 Chopper-stabilized amplifier, 8.20 Chroma signal, 8.79, 8.82 Chrominance, 5.78 Circuit, effective input impedance, 6.32-33 Circuit inductance, ground plane, 9.49 Index 14 Clamping diode: leakage, 9.95-96 reverse bias current, 9.95 Clamping diode leakage, 9.95-96 Clelland, Ian, 9.91 Clock distribution: end-of-line termination, 9.174 source terminated transmission lines, 9.174 Clock generator, "hybrid", 6.94-95 Cloninger, Chris, 8.156 Closed-loop SHA, circuit, 7.103-104 CM choke, 9.146 CM overvoltage protection: amplifier output voltage phase reversal, 9.101-102 CMOS channel protectors, 9.98-99 high CM voltage in-amp, 9.99-100 inverting op amp, 9.100-101 CMOS, 9.181 process, 4.13-15 standards, 9.184 CMOS ADC: differential input, transformer coupling, 6.25 equivalent input circuit, 6.19-23 SHA, 6.19-20 single-ended drive circuit, 6.21-23 CMOS channel protector, 9.98 CMOS IC output driver, configuration, 9.183 CMOS logic, 1.41, 2.2 CMOS process, 3.11 CMOS processes, 4.13-15 CMOS switch, 3.4, 5.35 1-GHz, attributions, 7.78-79 absorptive, 7.79 adjacent, equivalent circuit, 7.65 basics, 7.62-64 charge injection, 7.69 charge injection effects, 7.70 complementary pair technology, 7.63 DC performance, factors, 7.66 diode protection, 7.87 dynamic performance, charge injection, 7.69 off isolation, 7.68 transfer accuracy versus frequency, 7.67 error sources, 7.65-73 input protection, external Schottky diodes, 7.88 junction-isolation, cross-section, 7.86 latchup prevention, 7.87 MOSFET technology, 7.62-63 off isolation versus frequency, 7.68 on-resistance versus signal voltage, 7.64 overcurrent protection, 7.88 parasitic latch, equivalent circuit, 7.86 parasitic latchup, 7.85-89 reflective, 7.79 settling time, 7.72 single-pole, settling time, table, 7.73 INDEX transfer function, Bode plot, 7.67 trench-isolation technique, 7.89 CMR, 2.101, 6.74 input transient currents, 6.24 Coaxial cable, 9.154 shielding, 9.155 Code: binary, unipolar, 2.4 binary-coded decimal, 2.11-12 binary-to-Gray, conversion, 2.8 bipolar, 2.8-12 offset binary, 2.8-9 center, 2.4 complementary, 2.12 fractional binary, 2.3 Gray, 2.4, 2.6-8 Gray-to-binary, conversion, 2.8 integer binary, 2.3 meaning, 2.3 missing, 2.107 MSB, error, 2.7 ones complement, 2.8, 2.11 reflective-binary, 2.6 resolution, flicker-free, 2.45 noise-free, 2.45 sign-magnitude, 2.8, 2.11 sparkle, ADC, 2.76-80 twos complement, 2.8, 2.9, 2.11 unipolar, 2.3-5 Code center, 5.28 data converter, 2.14 Code-center testing, misleading results, 5.29-30 Code density test: ADC, 5.38-44 data display, 5.39-40 setup, 5.39 Code-division-multiple-access, see CDMA Code resolution: flicker-free, 2.109 noise-free, 2.106, 2.109 Code transition noise, 2.100 DNL, 2.20 Code width, 2.100 Codec, 1.55, 5.27, 5.78, 8.59, 8.61, 8.82 voiceband, 8.65 Coder-decoder, 1.55, 5.27 Coding, quantizing, 2.1-22 Coherent sampling, FFT output signal and harmonics, 5.63 Cold junction compensation, thermocouple, 8.14 Collins, Niamh, 8.175 Color difference, 8.79 Colton, Evan T., 1.32, 3.106 Comfort noise insertion, 8.138 Common-impedance, EMI path, 9.142 Common-impedance noise: reducing, 9.143-144 reduction, 9.143-144 solutions, 9.144 Common-mode choke, 9.162 Common-mode error, 2.101 Common-mode overvoltage protection: CMOS channel protectors, 9.98-99 high CM voltage in-amp, 9.99-100 Common-mode range, 2.101 Common-mode rejection, see CMR Common-mode voltage, 2.101 Compact PCI Hot Swap Specification R1.0, 9.197 Companding, 3.26 Comparator: 1-bit ADC, 3.42-45 in flash ADC, 3.46 latched, 2.76 metastability, 3.50 metastable output states, error codes, 3.51 metastable state errors, diagram, 3.45 µA711/712, 3.49 in parallel ADC, 3.46 structure, 3.42 diagram, 3.43 Comparator ADC, 1-bit, 3.42-45 Complementary bipolar, see CB Complementary bipolar processes, 4.12 Complementary code, 2.12 Compliance voltage, 6.71 Compliance-voltage range, 2.101 Complimentary metal oxide semiconductor, see CMOS Component analog video standard, 8.79-80 Composite video signal, 8.79 Composite video testing, test setup, 5.78 Compound monolithic, 4.7-8 Computer Labs, 1.23, 1.33 Computer Labs, Inc., 1.24, 1.41, 1.43, 1.44, 4.4-5 Conduction, EMI path, 9.142 Conductive wrist strap, for ESD protection, 9.120 Conductor: ground plane, skin effect, 9.47 Ohm's law, 9.27 resistance, 9.26-27 skin depth, 9.47 Conductor resistance, in PCB, 9.26-27 Connelly, J.A., 9.63, 9.125 Contact discharge, ESD testing, 9.121 Contact-image sensor, 8.94-99 waveforms, 8.98 Continuous-aperiodic signal, in FFT, 5.52 Continuous-periodic signal, in FFT, 5.52 Continuously available output, ADC, 3.91 Continuously converting, temperature sensor output mode, 8.15-16 Conversion complete, 2.101, 2.102 Conversion rate, 2.101 Conversion relationship, meaning, 2.3 Conversion time, 2.101, 2.112 Convert command, for ADC, 8.29 Index 15 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Convert-start command, ADC, 3.41 Converter: optical, 3.98-99 sub-ranging, 2.104 Convolutional coding, 8.137 Conway, Paul, 8.191 Cooley, J.W., 5.89 Copper, resistance, 9.47 Copper conductor, resistance calculation, 9.26 Correlated double sampling, 8.97-98 Cost, 4.23 Counting ADC, 3.88 Counting and integrating ADC architectures, 3.87-113 Counting DAC, monotonic, 3.29 Counting pulse-width modulated DAC, 3.28-29 Counts, Lew, 9.23, 9.125, 9.178 Coupling, within signal cabling, 9.19 Coxeter, H.S.M., 1.32, 3.105 Craven, Bob, 1.35 Craven, Robert B., 1.47 Critical components, assembly, 9.7 Crook, David, 6.98, 8.175 Crosspoint switch: digital, 7.83-84 video, 7.82-83 Crosstalk, 2.101-102, 7.71-72, 8.28 adjacent switches, equivalent circuit, 7.72 digital, 2.102 noise interference, 9.144 Crystal oscillator, low phase jitter, 9.39 Crystal Oscillators: MF Electronics, 9.63 Crystal Oscillators: Wenzel Associates, Inc., 9.64 Crystal Semiconductor, 1.51 CSZ5316, monolithic sigma-delta ADC, 1.51 Current limiting, 7.30 Current-mode binary-weighted DAC, 3.10-11 Current output thermometer DAC, 3.7 Current-steering multivibrator VFC, 3.91 Current-steering VFC, diagram, 3.92 Curtin, Mike, 6.98, 8.175 Cushing, Richard, 8.175 Cutler, C.C., 3.109, 3.111, 3.136 Cyclic serial DAC, 3.29-31 D DAC: 1-bit changeover switch, 3.4 3-bit binary-decoded, linearity error, superposition, 5.9 3-bit capacitor, 3.55-56 3-bit nonideal, DNL and INL, superposition, 5.7 transfer function, superposition, 5.6 4-bit, DNL and INL, superposition, 5.7 4-bit binary-decoded, superposition, bit tests, 5.8 4-bit binary-weighted, R-2R ladder network, Index 16 diagram, 3.16 4-bit cyclic serial, diagram, 3.30 5-bit binary-weighted, diagram, 3.9 5-bit counting, developed by Reeves, 1.10 diagram, 3.29 6-bit binary-weighted, diagram, 3.10 6-bit nonlinear segmented, characteristics, 3.27 7-bit segmented, test codes, 5.12 8-bit, 8-kSPS data converter, 3.26 12-bit, sampling clock to output ratio, SFDR, 8.166 12-bit current-output, with cascaded binary quad switches, diagram, 3.17 12-bit monolithic, with quad switch, problems, 3.18 architecture, 3.1-38 low-distortion, 3.31-33 monotonic, 3.4 audio, high performance, 8.66-69 basic structures, 3.3-4 Kelvin divider, 3.4-6 binary-weighted, 3.9-12 currents switched to load, 3.14-15 electro-mechanical, 3.9 voltage-mode, 3.9 bipolar process IC, 1970s, 1.34-36 bipolar zero error, 5.2-4 buffer, selection criteria, 6.3 buffered reference input terminal, 3.2 buffered reference output terminal, 3.2 buffering analog output, 6.69-77 capacitive binary-weighted, in successive approximation ADC, 3.12 capacitive coupling, 3.34 CMOS IC, 1970s, 1.36-38 communications, 5.13 compound monolithic, 1.35 counting, monotonic, 3.29 pulse-width modulated, 3.28-29 current-mode, 3.12 current-mode binary-weighted, 3.10-11 current-mode R-2R ladder network, 3.14 current output, general model, 6.70 cyclic serial, 3.29-31 DDS, distortion, 2.85 deglitching, 7.93 demultiplexed, data distribution, 8.41 differential nonlinearity, 5.2, 5.5 details, 2.18 digital input interface, 6.61-66 digital interface, 6.47-67 digital output interface, 6.61-66 distortion, measurement, 5.17-18, 5.17-24 test setup, 5.18 DNL, measurement, 2.17 INDEX DNL and INL, no superposition, 5.10-13 via superposition, 5.6-10 double-buffered, advantages, 3.33-34, 6.61-62 dynamic performance, 81-89, 2.81-91, 5.13-25 end-point errors, 5.2-5 even harmonics, 5.23 four-quadrant, 3.24 full-scale settling time, measurement, 5.14 fully decoded, 3.6-9 no superposition, 5.10 gain error, 5.1, 5.2-4 glitch, 2.102 glitch impulse area, 2.82-83, 5.15 oscilloscope, 5.15-17 grounding, 9.30 high-speed, alternative loading, 3.35 buffering using differential amplifier, 6.75 clock rate, 3.34 high speed, SFDR performance trends, 4.16 update rate trends, 4.16 high speed communication, CMOS process, 4.15 history, hydraulic, 1.1 hybrid, 1970s, list, 1.43 1980s, 1.53-54 1990s, 1.64 hybrid and modular, 1980s, 53-54 1990s, 1.64 high performance, 1980s, list, 1.53 hydraulic, 1.1 ideal bipolar, transfer function, 2.10 input and output, definition, 2.1 integral nonlinearity, 5.1, 5.2, 5.5 intentionally nonlinear, 3.25-26 interpolating, oversampling, 2.87-89 inverted mode, 3.12 linearity error, 5.5 superposition, 5.9 logic, 3.33-35 low distortion, 5.2 mid-scale glitch, 2.83 mid-scale settling time, measurement, 5.14 modular, 1980s, 1.53-54 1990s, 1.64 monolithic, 1970s, summary, 1.38 1980s, 1.49-51 list, 1.50 1990s, 1.56-58 list, 1.58 bipolar process IC, 1.34-36 monotonicity, 5.1 INL and DNL, 5.10 multiple, data distribution, 8.41 multiplying, 3.2, 3.24-25 current-mode R-2R ladder network, 3.25 diagram, 3.25 non-monotonicity, 2.17 nonlinear, 3.25-26, 3.28 normal mode, 3.12 odd harmonics, 5.24 offset coding, bipolar zero error, 5.4-5 offset error, 5.1, 5.2-4 output, 3.3, 3.5 deglitching, 3.32 voltage or current, 3.3 output settling time, 2.81-82 output spectrum, sin(x)/x frequency rolloff, 2.87 oversampling interpolating, 3.23-24 diagram, 3.24 patents, 3.23 parallel input interface to DSP, 6.64-66 R-2R, 3.12-18 R-2R 3-bit binary, 3.26 R-2R ladder, current mode, 3.14 equal current sources, 3.14-15 voltage mode, 3.13 R-2R thin-film resistor, 3.11 reference input terminal, buffered, 3.2 reference output terminal, buffered, 3.2 reference voltage, 3.2 references, 3.1-2 references and buffer, diagram, 3.3 relationship to ADC, 2.1 resolution, definition, 5.1 segmented, 3.18-23 all-codes testing, 5.11 current-output, structure, 3.21 voltage-output, 3.19 serial input interface, 6.62-64 to DSP, 6.62-64 settling time, 2.81-82, 2.112, 5.13-14, 5.16 oscilloscope, 5.15-17 SFDR, measurement, 2.85, 5.19 SFDR and SNR, 2.83-86 sigma-delta, 3.33, 3.133-134, 5.12 sign-magnitude, rare, 2.14-15 skew glitch, 3.20 SNR, measurement, analog spectrum analyzer, 2.86-87 static error, basic test method, 5.1-2 measurement methods, 5.1 static linearity, testing, 5.12 static transfer functions, DC errors, 2.12-21 string, 3.4, 3.18 INL trimming, 3.6 no superposition, 5.10 resistors, 3.6 unbuffered, segmented, 3.19-20 Index 17 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION superposition, 5.5-6 errors, 5.5 testing, 5.1-25 dynamic performance, 5.13-25 static, 5.1-13 thermometer, 3.4, 3.6-9 two-quadrant, 3.24 unipolar, transfer function;, 2.5 vacuum tube, binary, 3.9 very high speed, 3.20 voiceband and audio, 5.12 voltage-mode, 3.12 voltage-mode binary-weighted resistor, 3.10 voltage-output thermometer, 3.4 DAC-12QZ: 12-bit DAC, 1.46 12-bit modular DAC, 4.8 DAC80, 12-bit DAC, 1.41-43 DAC1138, 18-bit DAC, 1.46 DAC08: 8-bit 80-ns DAC, 1.38 8-bit 85-ns IC DAC, diagram, 1.34 IC DAC, 1.41 Daigle, Paul, 8.26 Daisy chain, temperature sensor output mode, 8.15 Daisy-chaining, 6.62 Dammann, C.L., 3.37 Damping resistors, high-speed DSP interconnections, 9.172 Dark current, 8.95 Dark signal, 8.95 Darlington connection, 9.68, 9.70 Darlington NPN, pass device, 7.31-33 Data acquisition system: on a chip, 8.34 on chip, 8.33-36 configurations, 8.27-28 filtering, 8.31-33 diagram, 8.31 multichannel, 8.27-48 design, 8.27 multiplexing, 8.28-31 PGA and SAR ADC, diagram, 8.29 timing diagram, 8.31 Data converter: 8-bit 10-MSPS, 1.23 2000s, list, 1.66 absolute maximum ratings, 2.93 AC errors, 2.37-90 ADC transient response, 2.73-75 analog bandwidth, 2.50 analog full scale, 2.14 aperture time, delay, and jitter, 2.68-72 applications, 8.1-192 architectures, 1.27-30, 3.1-140 feedback subtraction, 1.27 bipolar processes, 4.11 code centers, 2.14 coding schemes, 2.14 Index 18 commercial, 1950s, 1.21-22 history, 1960s, 1.22-26 data sheet importance, 2.93, 2.95 distortion, 2.47-48 DNL error, 2.17 dynamic performance, 2.46-80 quantifying, table, 2.46 dynamic performance specifications, 6.3 early processes, 4.1-10 ENOB, 2.48-50 evaluation board, 9.209-212 gain error, 2.15 general specifications, 2.93-96 high resolution, low noise references, 7.24-25 high speed, CMOS process, 4.14 history, 1.1-66, 5.27-28 1950s, 1.21-22 1950s and 1960s, 1.21-32 1950s to 1960s, 1.21-32 1970s, 1.33-47, 1.33-49 1980s, 1.49-54 1990s, 1.55-64 2000s, 1.65-66 early, 1.1-19 telegraph to telephone, 1.3-5 hybrid, 1.33, 4.3-8 1970s, 1.41-44 hybrid and modular components, 1970s, list, 1.41 ideal N-bit, theoretical quantization noise, 2.37-43 ideal transfer characteristics, 2.13-14 integral and differential nonlinearity distortion, 2.46-47 intercept points, 2.54-56 interfacing, 6.1-98 intermodular distortion, 2.53 internal control registers, initialization, 6.48 linearity errors, 2.15 logic, 2.95-96 logic interface issues, 2.94-95 low power, sleep, and standby modes, 6.48-49 measurement and control, 2.13 modern, trends, 6.1-2 modern processes, 4.11-19 modular, 1.33, 4.3-8, 4.6 1970s, 1.44-46 milestones, 1.46 monolithic, 1.33 1970s, 1.34-40 monolithic DAC, 1980s, 1.49-51 multi-tone SFDR, 2.56-57 noise filter and noise figure, 2.61-68 NPR, 2.58-60 offset error, 2.15 overall considerations, 2.93-94 packages, examples, 4.18 INDEX PCM, 1.5-6 phase noise, 2.71 popular reference options, 6.80 power-on initialization, 6.47-48 process technology, 4.1-30 processes, summary, 4.15 processes and architectures, 4.15-18 summary, 4.18 reconstruction systems, 2.13 sampling frequency, burst mode, 6.49-50 minimum, 6.49-50 single-shot mode, 6.49-50 sampling systems, 2.13 SFDR, 2.51-53 SINAD, 2.48-50 SNR, 2.48-50 solid state, 4.3-8 specifications, 2.93-96 definitions, 2.97-117 specifications and testing, history, 5.27-28 structure, 2.93 supply current, 2.94 support circuit, 7.1-112 testing, 5.1-91 THD, 2.47-48 THD+N, 2.47-48 theoretical quantization noise, 2.37-45 thermal considerations, 9.134-138 transfer functions, 2.17 vacuum tube, 4.1-3 voltage, 2.93 voltage reference, 7.1-26 voltage reference considerations, 6.81 voltage references, 6.79-81 wideband CDMA, 2.57-58 worst harmonic, 2.47-48 Data distribution system, 8.41-45 with infinite SHA, 8.45-47 multiple programmable voltage sources, 8.41 Data ready, 2.101, 2.102, 6.57 ADC status, 3.41 Data valid, 6.57, 6.59 Datel, 1.33 DATRAC, 3.59-60 11-bit 50-kSPS SAR ADC, picture, 3.60 11-bit 50-kSPS vacuum tube converter, 5.27 11-bit 50-kSPS vacuum tube SAR ADC, 4.2-3 Datrac converter: 11-bit 50-kSPS vacuum tube ADC, 1.22 from Epsco, 1.21 Dattorro, J., 3.137 DCS, digitally corrected subranging, 2.113 DDS, 1.57, 8.159-176 aliasing, 8.163-165 graph, 8.164 anti-imaging filter, 8.163 architecture, signal flow, 8.163 digital dither, 8.166 direct digital synthesis, 2.84 flexible, diagram, 8.161 frequency planning, 8.165-166 for integrated DAC, 4.22 low power 400-MSPS product family, table, 8.173 modern integrated systems, 8.166-174 schematic, 8.160 tuning equation, 8.161 DDS I/Q quadrature modulators, table, 8.174 DDS synthesizers, low-power, chart, 8.168 De Forest, Lee, 1.13, 1.18, 4.1, 4.9 De Jager, F., 3.136 Dead time, DAC, 2.81 Deadbug prototyping, 9.200-202 breadboard, 9.201 power busses, 9.202 short decoupling paths, 9.200 DEC PDP minicomputer, 5.27 Decimation, 3.111, 3.116 GSM channel, 8.112 Decimation filter, on ADC, 4.22 Decoder, digital video, 8.81-84 Decoupling, and grounding, diagram, 9.38 Decoupling capacitor, 9.36, 9.41, 9.43 Deglitcher, 2.102, 2.105 Deglitching, 3.31-32 Del Signore, B.P., 3.137 Delay constant, microstrip, 9.167 Deloraine, E.M., 3.109, 3.136 Delta modulation, 3.109 changes, 3.109 for quantization, 3.110 in sigma-delta ADC., 3.113 versus differential PCM, scheme, 3.110 Delta phase register, 8.160 Delta-sigma architecture, 3.112-113 Demler, Michael J., 2.116, 3.139, 5.88, 5.90 Demodulation, 8.137 analog, 2.32 Dempsey, Dennis, 3.20, 3.37 Demultiplexed data bus, 9.177 Demuxed CMOS output data, 6.58 Derating curves, 9.130 Derjavitch, B., 3.109, 3.136 Designing for EMC, 9.178 Dickinson, Arthur H., 3.107 Dielectric, PCB design, 9.165 Dielectric absorption, 7.100-101, 9.3-4 capacitor, 9.2 PCBs, 9.57 SHA applications, 9.4 surface guarding, 9.57 Dielectric hysteresis, 9.3 Differential analog input capacitance, 2.102 Differential analog input impedance, 2.102 Differential analog input resistance, 2.102 Differential analog input voltage range, 2.102 Differential circuit, 9.28 Index 19 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Differential current-to-differential voltage conversion, 6.75 Differential gain, 2.102, 5.78-83 ADC, 5.78-83 digital measurement, 5.81 test signal, 5.80, 5.82 Differential input ADC driver, 6.23-29 Differential linearity, 2.107-108 error, 2.15 definition, 2.17 Differential nonlinearity, see DNL Differential overvoltage, 9.104 Differential PCM, 3.109 versus delta modulation, scheme, 3.110 Differential phase, 2.102, 5.78-83 ADC, 5.78-83 digital measurement, 5.81 test signal, 5.80, 5.82 Differential single-ended conversion, 6.70-73 Differential to single-ended conversion, 6.70-73 Differential transformer coupling, 6.71 DigiPOT, 1.58, 8.56 Digit grounder, 3.57, 3.59 Digital audio, 8.59-74 48-kSPS sampling, 8.62 ADC and DAC, 8.63-65 trends, 8.63-65 anti-imaging filter, 8.64 CD, circuit diagrams, 8.64 key specifications, 8.61 PCM, 8.63 sampling rate and THD+N, 8.60-63 studio quality recording, 8.66 THD+N and sample rate, 8.62 Digital baseband, software radio, 8.109-110 Digital circuit: cost efficiency, 4.23 standard voltage level, 9.181 Digital converter, Advanced Filter Bank compensation, 8.154 Digital corrected subranging, 3.64 Digital crosspoint switch, 7.83-84 Digital crosstalk, 2.102 Digital Display Working Group, 8.105 Digital down converter, 8.115 Digital error correction, 3.64 Digital filter, 3.111, 3.116, 3.125-126 GSM channel, 8.113 for sigma-delta ADC, 3.125-126 Digital ground, in mixed-signal IC, 9.35 Digital ground plane, PCB, 9.37 Digital IC, fabrication process geometry, 4.23 Digital interface, ADC and DAC, 6.47-67 Digital isolation, 9.111-116 LED/photodiode optocoupler, circuit, 9.113 LED/phototransistor optocoupler, circuit, 9.112 Digital isolator, overvoltage protection, 9.111-116 Index 20 Digital phase wheel, 8.162 Digital post-processing: advanced, 8.151 architecture, 8.151 Digital potentiometer, 1.58, 8.49-58 AC considerations, 8.55 advantages and applications, 8.57 applications, 8.55-57 circuit applications, 8.56 CMOS, characteristics, 8.51 modern, small packaging, 8.50-51 nonvolatile memory, 8.51-53 one-time-programmable, 8.53-54 from string DAC, 3.5 tiny packaging, 8.50-51 Digital receiver: AMPS wideband, 8.117 multicarrier, chart, 8.131 narrowband, 8.110-114 narrowband IF-sampling, 8.110-114 GSM/EDGE, 8.110-114 single carrier, chart, 8.131 software radio, 8.110 wideband, 8.114-126 wideband IF-sampling, 8.114-126 Digital synthesis, direct, 8.159-176 Digital temperature measurement, direct, 8.14-19 Digital video: ADC and DAC, decoders and encoders, 8.81-84 basics, 8.75-77 black box, 8.78 decoders and encoders, 8.81-84 display electronics, 8.75-105 formats, 8.77-81 serial data interfaces, 8.81 signal generation, model, 8.79 standard broadcast television interlace format, 8.75 Digital videodisc, 8.63 Digital videotape recorders, development, 8.78 Digital voltmeter, 2.15 Digitally corrected subranging ADC, 2.113 Digitizing, SHA function, 2.26 Diniz, George, 8.105 Diode: protection network, circuit diagram, 9.97 unbuffered, 7.20 Diode reference circuit, 7.3 DIP package, prototyping, 9.206 DiPilato, Joe, 3.138, 8.157 Direct digital synthesis, 1.58, 2.84, 6.48, 8.159-176 aliasing, 8.163-165 frequency planning, 8.165-166 modern integrated systems, 8.166-174 see also DDS Direct IF-to-digital conversion, 2.31-32 Discontinuous transmission, 8.137-138 Discrete Fourier transform, 5.51-53 INDEX applications, 5.51 characteristics, 5.53 outputs, conversion, 5.53 sampled-periodic time domain signal, 5.52 Discrete time Fourier series, 5.51-52 Discrete time sampling, 2.24 Discriminator, 3.43 Displacement current, 9.143 Display electronics, 8.85-90 graphics resolution and pixel rates, table, 8.86 Dissipation factor, 9.5-6 Distortion measurement, 5.17 DAC, 5.17-24 Distortion products, location, 2.48 Dither, 2.42, 8.126-131 out-of-band, to improve SFDR, 8.127 used to randomize ADC transfer function, 8.127 Dither noise, 8.126 generation, 8.129 Dither sinewave, 5.81 Divider buffer, 3.18-19 DNL, 2.72, 3.32, 5.2 DAC, 5.2, 5.5 due to encoding process, 2.46-47 error, 2.17 randomized, 8.129 temperature coefficient, 2.114 DNR, digital audio, 8.60-61 Dobkin, Robert C., 7.60 Doeling, W., 9.23, 9.63 Doernberg, Joey, 5.88 Dominant pole, 7.37 Dooley, Daniel J., 2.116, 3.139 Dorey, Howard A., 3.108 Double-buffered DAC, advantages, 3.33-34 Double throw switch, 3.4 Doublet glitch, DAC, 2.82 Downconversion, 8.142 DPO, digital phosphor scope, 5.15 Drakhlis, Boris, 6.98 DRDY, data ready, 3.41 Drift, 2.102-103, 7.16, 7.18 Droop, 6.50 rate, 2.102-103 SHA, 7.99 Dropout voltage, 7.27-28, 7.31, 9.66 inverting mode pass device, 9.68 DSO, digital storage scope, 5.15 DSP: grounding, internal PLL, 9.43-44 output rise and fall times, graph, 9.170 serial interface, 6.51 Dual-slope conversion, 2.111 Dual-slope converter, 2.103 Dual-slope integration, in ADC, 3.97 Dual slope/multi-slope ADC, 3.96-98 Dual supply op amp, differential DC coupled output, 6.72 Duff, David, 2.90 Dummer, G.W.A., 9.24, 9.63 Duracell Inc., 9.197 Duracell MN1500 AA alkaline battery, discharge characteristics, 9.182 DVD, sampling, 8.63 Dynamic range, digital audio, 8.60-61 Dynamic response, 2.104 Dynamic settling time transient: from charge coupling, 7.71 during multiplexing, 7.71 Dynamic stability, 2.113 Dynamic testing: ADC, 5.45-86 low-distortion sinewave inputs, 5.66-68 E EIA RS-170, monochrome television standard, 8.76 Earnshaw, J.B., 3.104 Eccles-Jordan bistable multivibrator, 3.88 Eckbauer, F., 3.137 ECL, 1.41, 2.2, 9.175 emitter-coupled logic, 3.43 high-speed, invention, 1.24 standards, 9.184 Edge rates, 9.163 Edson, J.O., 1.11, 1.18, 1.31, 2.22, 3.84, 3.104, 3.106, 7.111 Edwards, D.B.G., 3.106, 7.111 EEMEM family, digital potentiometer, 8.52 Effective aperture delay time, 2.69, 2.98 measurement, and ADC input, 2.70 SHA, 7.96-97 Effective input noise, 2.103, 2.106 Effective number of bits, see ENOB Effective resolution, 2.45, 2.103, 2.109, 8.8 Effective resolution bandwidth, see ERB Effective series inductance, 9.5 Effective series resistance, 9.5 Efstathiou, Dimitrios, 8.156 EIA RS-343A standard, electronic display, 8.85 EIAJ ED-4701 Test Method C-111, 9.125 8051, 1.63 Electrolytic capacitor, 9.82 ceramic, 9.84 film, 9.83 general purpose aluminum, 9.83 impedance, graph, 9.85 organic semiconductor, 9.83 stacked-film, 9.83 switching, 9.83 tantalum, 9.83 Electromagnetic compatability, see EMC Electromagnetic interference, see EMI Electromagnetic radiation, EMI path, 9.142 Electromechanical Compatibility level, European Community, 9.121 Electromechanical rotating commutator, Index 21 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION multiplexing, 1.4 Electron beam coder: Bell Labs, 3.48 modes, 2.6 shadow masks, 2.7 Electron beam coding tube, 1.11-12 Electronic Concepts, Inc., 9.91 Electrostatic discharge, 2.94 see also ESD Elliott, Michael, 3.107, 7.111 Elliott, Michael R., 3.107 Elliptic filter, TTE, 2.30 EMC: described, 9.141 emissions, 9.141 EMI: coupling paths, 9.142 noise sources, 9.142 EMI path: high impedance ground connection, 9.143 summary, 9.143 EMI/RFI, 9.141-179 amplifier outputs, 9.162-163 common-mode choke, for in-amps, 9.162 considerations, 9.141-179 coupling paths, 9.142 damping resistors, fast logic edges, 9.171 flexible common-mode and differential-mode filter, 9.161 general purpose common-mode/differential mode filter, 9.161 mechanisms, 9.142, 9.142-179 noise coupling mechanisms, 9.143 noise filter, op amp circuit, diagram, 9.160 noise sources, 9.142 op amp and in-amp outputs, long cable driving, 9.163 and passive components, 9.146-147 rectification sensitivity, op amp and in-amp, 9.155-157 reducing system susceptibility, 9.147-148 shielding, review, 9.148-151 susceptibility, 9.141 system susceptibility reduction, 9.147-148 Emitter-coupled-logic, 2.2, 2.94 design, 6.96 Emitter-coupled logic, see ECL Encode, sampling clock, 2.103 Encode command, 2.103, 2.112 ADC, 3.41 Encode pulsewidth/duty cycle, 2.103 Encoder, 2.24, 3.41 digital video, 8.81-84 nonsampling, input frequency limitations, 2.24 End-of-conversion, see EOC End point method, integral linearity error measurement, 2.16-17 Engelhardt, E., 3.137 ENIAC computer, invention, 1.21 Index 22 ENOB, 1.49, 1.55, 2.103, 5.28 of ADC, using sinewave curve fitting, 5.49-50 calculation using SINAD, 5.50 data converter, 6.3 degradation, in comparators, 3.50 effective number of bits, 2.46, 2.48-50, 2.103, 3.115 FPBW, 2.99 jitter, 6.84 and SINAD, 6.84 Envelope test: ADC linearity, 5.46 lower input frequency, 5.47 test setup, 5.47 EOC, 2.101, 3.41 ADC status, 3.41 Epsco, 1.33 Epsco Engineering, 1.21, 4.2 Equivalent input referred noise, 2.43-44 Equivalent series inductance, capacitor, 9.2 Equivalent series resistance, capacitor, 9.2 ERB, 2.99, 5.75 Erisman, Brian, 9.91 Error: gain, 2.97 linearity, 2.97 sources, 2.97 zero, 2.97 Error code, 1.52 Error corrected ADC, 3.61-78 Error correction, quantization levels, 3.64 Error voltage, 8.148 digital current in analog path, 9.32 Esaki diode, 3.48 ESD, 9.116 damage, 9.118 data sheet statement, 9.119 models and testing, 9.121-124 packaging and labeling, 9.118 prime sources, 9.116 protection and prevention, buyer and seller, 9.120 summary, 9.124 testing methods, differences, 9.122-123 waveforms, 9.123 voltage sources, 9.117 ESD Association Draft Standard DS5.3, 9.125 ESD Association Standard S5.2, 9.125 ESD Prevention Manual, 9.125 ESD protection, 9.195 ESI, 9.5 capacitor, 9.2 ESL: capacitor loss, 9.83 filter loss, 9.84 ESR, 9.5 capacitor, 9.2 Eubanks, John M., 1.23 INDEX Euler's equation, 5.53 European Broadcast Union, standards, 8.60 Evaluation board, 9.206-212 data converter, 9.209-212 characteristics, 9.209 dedicated op amp, 9.207-209 general purpose op amp, older, 9.207 Expandor, 3.26 External components, 4.22 F Fabrication process: geometry, and cost, 4.24 for digital IC, 4.23 Fagen, M.D., 1.17, 1.32 Failure, resistor, 9.14 Fair-Rite Linear Ferrites Catalog, Fair-Rite Products, 9.91 Fair-Rite Products, 9.91 Fairchild, 1.24, 1.33 Fairchild Semiconductor, 1.15, 4.3-4, 4.11 Far-field interference, EMI path, 9.142 Faraday shield, 9.20, 9.58-61, 9.59-60, 9.144 floating, 9.60 impractical location, 9.60 operational model, 9.60 Farmer, M.B., 1.4 Fast Fourier transform, see FFT FASTRON GmbH, 9.91 FASTStep mode, for AD7730, 3.130 Fault-protected multiplexer, 9.99 FDM, telephone, 1.8 FDMA, frequency division multiple access, 2.58 Feedback amplifier, patent, 1.14 Feedback coder, 1.25, 3.57 Feedback subtraction, 1.27-28, 3.56 Feedback subtraction ADC, 1.28 Feedback subtractor coder, 1.25, 3.57 Feedthrough, 2.103, 7.101 SHA, 2.103 Feedthrough error, 2.103 Felix, Micheal O., 5.89 Ferguson, P.F., Jr., 3.137, 3.138 Ferrite: characteristics, 9.86 filter inductor, 9.86-87 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.86-87 Ferrite bead, 9.38, 9.42-44, 9.86, 9.89, 9.160, 9.164 FET RFI rectification, 9.158-159 Fetterman, Scott, 3.106 FFT, 5.54 accuracy, 5.65-66 ADC analog bandwidth, 5.75 ADC aperture jitter, 5.73-75 analysis, 2.23 basics, 5.51-59 to compute discrete Fourier transform, 5.54 dynamic ADC testing, 5.59-65 FPBW, 2.99 processing gain, 2.42 sinewaves, 5.56 single-tone sinewave testing, 2.42 spectral analysis, ADC, 5.50 test setup, 5.59-65 configuration and measurements, 5.59-65 diagram, 5.60 verifying accuracy, 5.65-66 Fiedler, Udo, 3.107 Film capacitor, 9.82 Filter: advanced, 8.152 analog, oversampling, 2.88 anti-imaging, 3.23, 8.163 for digital audio, 8.64 antialiasing, 3.115, 8.32 baseband, 2.29-31 position, op amp noise, 6.38 in undersampling, 2.33-34 undersampling, 2.33-34 attenuation, 7.19 bandpass, 5.70-72, 6.92 Butterworth, 2.30 noise bandwidth, 2.62 two-pole, SNR, 2.87 bypass/decoupling, 9.89-90 card entry, 9.87-88 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.87-88 custom analog, firms, 2.31 damping, 9.85 data acquisition system, 8.31-33 differential, 6.72 digital, 3.125-126 implications, 3.125-126 sigma-delta ADC, 2.74 elliptic, 11-pole, characteristics, 2.31 TTE, 2.30 Gaussian active, buffering for audio DAC, 6.76 interpolation, 3.23 loss via ESR, 9.82-83 lowpass, audio DAC, 6.75-76 lowpass/bandpass, 2.23 noise, power supply, 9.81-90 notch, 2.59, 2.109 minimizing analyzer overdrive, 5.68 passive components, EMI reduction, 9.147 rail bypass/distribution, 9.88 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.88 single-pole, settling time, table, 8.32 type, EMI reduction, 9.147 Finite amplitude resolution, due to quantization, 2.24 Fisher, J., 3.137 Index 23 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Flach, Donald R., 5.88 Flash ADC, 1.40, 2.112, 3.46, 3.88 4-, 6-, 8-bit monolithic, 1.41 5-bit, diagram, 3.47 monolithic, 1980s, 1.52-53 Flash converter, 2.103-104, 3.48 3-bit all-parallel, diagram, 3.46 ADC, 3.46-53 comparator, 2.76 electronic, 1.11 interpolating, 3.52 output latches, 3.70 power dissipation, 3.51 Flash SADC, 3.64 Flat panel display, 8.90-94 analog and digital interfaces, 8.91 electronics, 8.90-94 Flat-pulse generator, 5.76-77 Fleming, Tarlton, 9.23 Flexibility, 4.23 Flicker-free code resolution, 2.45, 2.109 Floating shield, 9.60 Flutter, 5.29 Flyers, 3.45 ADC, 2.76 Flynn, George, 1.31 Folding ADC, 3.42, 3.78-87 Folding converter, 3.81 Folding stage, functional equivalent circuit, 3.81 Folding transfer function, 3.78, 3.84 using rectifier amplifiers, diagram, 3.84 Four-element-varying bridge configuration, 8.6 Four-quadrant, 2.104, 2.108 4000-series, CMOS logic, RCA, 1.24 Fourier analysis, 5.51-59 Fourier series, 5.51-52 Fourier transform, 5.51-52 FPBW, 2.50, 5.75 Fraschilla, J.L., 3.106 Freeman, J., 1.31, 5.87 Freeman, Wes, 9.93, 9.125 Frenzel, Louis E., 8.156 Frequency division multiple access, 2.58 Frequency division multiplexing, see FDM Frequency synthesis, 8.159 Frequency-to-voltage conversion, see FVC Friis equation, for noise figure, 2.67 FS-125, modular op amp, Computer Labs, 1.23 FSEA30, Rhode and Schwartz, 5.18 FSR, full-scale range, 2.104 Fu, Dennis, 3.108 Full-power bandwidth, see FPBW Full-scale, 2.104 positive or negative, 2.104 Full-scale input power, ADC, 2.104 Full-scale range, 2.97, 2.104, 2.107 Fully decoded DAC, 3.6-9 Index 24 diagram, 3.7 Fundamental frequency, 2.50 FVC, 2.104 G Gailus, Paul H., 3.138 Gain, 2.105 Gain error, 2.15, 2.97 DAC, 5.1, 5.2-4 measurement, 5.31 Gain nonlinearity, 2.110 Gain tempco, 2.114 Gaines, W.M., 1.31, 5.87 Gallium arsenide, data converter role, 4.17 Gallium arsenide process, 3.50 Gamma unit, 8.79 Ganesan, A., 3.137 Garcia, Adolfo, 9.125, 9.178, 9.213 Gardner, F.M., 6.98, 8.175 Gate-drain capacitance, 7.70 Gaussian active filter, buffering for audio DAC, 6.76 Gaussian-filtered minimum-shift keying, 8.145 Gaussian frequency distribution, 6.83 Gaussian noise, 2.38, 2.58, 2.109, 5.44, 8.8, 8.124 General Electric, 1.23 General Instrument Corp., 1.23 Gentile, Ken, 8.175 George A. Philbrick Researches, Inc., 1.34, 4.2, 4.9 Gerber file, 9.46, 9.204, 9.209 Gerke, Daryl, 9.178 Germanium transistor, invention, 1.14 Gilbert, Roswell W., 3.108 Giles, James N., 3.44, 3.104 Giles, Jim, 1.40 Glitch, 2.102, 2.105, 2.109 DAC, 2.102 net impulse area, calculation, 2.83 Glitch charge, 2.106 Glitch energy, 2.102, 2.106, 5.15 DAC, 2.82 Glitch impulse, 2.106 Glitch impulse area, 1.49, 2.102, 2.105-106 DAC, 2.82-83, 5.15 measurement, 5.15-17 net impulse area, calculation, 2.83 Gold, B., 5.89 Goldberg, A., 8.104 Goldberg, A.A., 8.77 Goldberg, Bar-Giora, 6.98 Goodall, W.M., 1.11, 1.18, 3.105 Goodenough, Frank, 7.60, 9.91 Goodman, D.J., 3.112, 3.136 Gorbatenko, G.G., 3.106 Gordon Engineering, 1.33 Gordon, Bernard M., 1.21, 1.22, 1.25, 1.28, 1.31, 1.32, 2.116, 3.36, 3.59, 3.105, 3.106, 3.107, 3.139, 4.2, 5.27, 5.87, 5.88, 5.90 INDEX Gorman, Christopher, 3.20, 3.37 Gosser, Roy, 3.106, 4.12, 7.111 Goto, 3.104 Graham, M., 9.197 Grame, Jerald, 9.63 Grant, Doug, 8.139, 9.23 Graphics control system, signal generation, 8.87 Graphics display, RGB video levels, 8.89 Gratzek, Tom, 8.156 Gray bit, 3.81 Gray bit output, 3.81 Gray code, 1.3, 1.12-13, 2.4-8, 3.47-48, 3.51, 3.81, 3.99 ADC architecture, 3.42 in ADC architecture, 3.84 coding scheme, 2.14 decoding, errors, 3.52 latched, 3.51 LSB error, 1.13 Gray code MagAMP design, 3.85 Gray code shadow mask, 3.47 Gray-coded ADC, 3.78-87 Gray-to-binary code, conversion, 2.8, 3.51 Gray transfer function, 3.78 Gray, Elisha, 1.13, 2.6, 3.47 Gray, Frank, 1.13, 1.18, 2.6, 2.22, 3.47, 3.104 Gray, G.A., 2.90 Gray, J.R., 3.106, 7.111 Gregg, Christopher, 9.178 Grift, Rob E.J. van de, 3.107 Groshong, Richard, 8.156 Gross, George F., Jr., 3.106 Ground, 2.2 analog and digital, separation, 9.34-35 diagram, 9.35 isolation techniques, 9.50-52 PCB, layers, 9.32-33 return current, 9.28 Ground current, amplifier degradation, 9.50 Ground isolation amplifier, 9.51 differential input, 9.51 Ground isolation techniques, 9.50-52 Ground loop, digital isolator, 9.111 Ground noise, 9.39 Ground plane, 9.30-32 breaks, 9.49-50 circuit inductance, 9.49 current flow, 9.49 in mixed-signal multicard system, 9.33-34 summary, 9.33 Grounded-input histogram, 2.44 for input-referred noise, 5.44 Grounding, 9.30-45 ADC digital output, 9.37-38 decoupling, 9.35-36 and decoupling, diagram, 9.38 double-sided versus multilayer PCBs, 9.32-33 ground plane multiple connections, 9.81 linear and switching regulators, 9.78-81 mixed-signal, 9.40-41 mixed signal system, 9.30-46 multicard mixed-signal systems, 9.33-34 multicard systems, high digital currents, summary, 9.42-43 low digital currents, summary, 9.41-42 PCB, 9.25 sampling clock, 9.38-41 separating analog and digital, 9.34-35 signal routing, for LDO, diagrams, 9.80 single-card, for multicard system, 9.40-41 summary, 9.44-45 Grown-junction silicon transistor, 4.3 GSM-900MHz system: sensitivity requirements, 8.121 spurious requirements, 8.120-121 GSM/DCS cellular telephone handset, functional diagram, 8.140 GSM digital cellular telephone system, block diagram, 8.137 GSM/EDGE, European multicarrier time-division multiplexed-access system, 8.111-112 GTL, standards, 9.184 Guard rings, 7.99 Guard shield, in PCB, 7.100 Guarding: basic principles, 9.54 inverting mode, diagram, 9.53, 9.56 MINIDIP layout, 9.55-56 non-inverting mode, diagram, 9.54, 9.56 PCB, 9.53 Gustavsson, M., 8.157 Gustavsson, Mikael, 2.117, 3.140, 5.91 H Hageman, Steve, 9.91 Hamming, window function, 5.57-58 Hanning, window function, 5.57, 5.63-64 Hardware: design, cable driving, 9.1 overvoltage protection, 9.1 passive components, 9.1-24 receiving, 9.1 shielding, 9.1 Hardware design, 1-213 Harmonic distortion, 2.46-48, 5.17 2nd, 2.106 3rd, 2.106 data converter, 6.3 total, 2.106 plus noise, 2.106 Harmonic sampling, 2.31-32 Harmonic telegraph, 1.3 Harmonics, 2.48 Harris, Fredrick J., 5.89 Harrison, R.M., 3.106 Hartley, R.V.L., 1.17, 2.27, 2.35 Index 25 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Harvey, Barry, 5.25 HAS-1201, 12-bit 1-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53 HAS-1202, 12-bit 2.2-µs SAR ADC, 1.43 HAS-1409, 14-bit 1.25-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.53 Hauser, Max, 3.109 Hauser, Max W., 3.136 HDG-series, 4-, 6-, 8-bit 5-ns video ECL DACs, 1.53 HDS-1240E, 12-bit 40-ns ECL DAC, 1.53 HDS-1250, 12-bit 35-ns DAC, 1.43 Heat sinking, 9.128, 9.129 Heinzer, Walt, 8.49, 8.58 Heise, B., 3.137 Hendrickson, Gary, 9.179 Hendriks, Paul, 3.138 Henning, H.H., 1.18, 1.31, 2.22, 3.84, 3.104, 3.106 Henning, H.O., 7.111 Henry, J.L., 3.137 Hensley, Mike, 3.107, 7.111 Herring, G.J., 1.31 Higgins, Richard J., 5.89 High K capacitor, 9.8 High megohm resistor, 9.16 High performance hybrid and modular DACs and ADCs, 1980s, list, 1.53 High-performance mixed-signal circuit, specialized processes, 4.27 High resolution measurement sigma-delta ADC, 3.127-131 High-speed ADC: architecture, 3.46 FIFO Evaluation Kit, 5.60-61 High-speed logic, 9.169-177 EMI/RFI, 9.169-177 High-speed thermometer DAC, current outputs, 3.8 Higher order loop, 3.123 sigma-delta converter, 3.123 Histogram, grounded-input, 2.44 Histogram test: ADC, 5.38-44 buffer memory constraints, 5.41 data display, 5.39-40 sampling protocols, 5.41 setup, 5.39 sinewave, 5.42 A History of Engineering and Science in the Bell System, 1.3 Hnatek, Eugene R., 2.116, 3.36, 3.139, 5.90 Hodges, D.A., 8.157 Hodges, David A., 5.88 Hoerni, Jean, 1.15, 1.19, 4.3-4, 4.9 Hoerni, Jean A., 1.19, 4.9 Hoeschele, David F., Jr., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 Hold mode, 2.100 Hold mode distortion, 7.101 measurement, 7.102 Hold mode droop, 7.99 Hold mode noise, 7.102 Index 26 Hold mode settling time, SHA, 7.95 Hold-to-track transition, specifications, 7.102 Holloway, Peter, 1.35, 1.47 Homodyne, 8.108 Horizontal sync, 8.76 Horna, O.A., 3.106, 7.111 Horvath, Johannes, 9.181 HS-810: 8-bit 10-MSPS ADC, 4.4-5 Computer Labs, Inc., 1.24 using Gray code, 3.84 HTC-0300, 300-ns SHA, 1.43-44 HTS-0025, 25-ns SHA, 1.43-44 Human Body Model, ESD model, 9.121, 9.123 Hybrid clock generator, 6.94-95 Hybrid data converter, 4.6 Hybrid ground, cable shielding, 9.153 Hybrid regulation, 9.77 Hybrid SHA, 7.92 Hybrid Systems, 1.33 Hygroscopicity, PCB, 9.25 Hysteresis, 2.104, 3.43-44 I IC, 4.4 ESD-sensitive, workstation environment, 9.119 invention, 1.14 Ichiki, H., 3.104 iCoupler technology, 9.112 Idle tone: in sigma-delta ADC, 3.121-123 sigma-delta converter, 3.121-123 IEC-1000-4, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-1, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-2: compliance testing methods, 9.121 ESD standard, 9.122-123 IEC-1000-4-3, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-4, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-5, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-6, ESD standard, 9.122 IEC-1000-4-x, 9.121 IEEE-488 bus, 5.27 IEEE Standard 746-1984, 5.81, 5.88, 8.104 IEEE Standard 1057-1994 (R2001), 5.88 IEEE Standard 1241-2000, 5.21, 5.25, 5.81, 5.88 IEEE Standard 1596.3-1996, 9.179 IF sampling, 146-155, 2.31-32, 8.107 software radio receiver and transmitter, diagram, 8.107 time-interleaved, 8.146-155 IF sampling receiver, 1.55 IF-to-digital conversion, direct, 2.31-32 Ikeda, K., 3.104 ILC/Data Device Corporation, 1.33 Image spurs, 8.147, 8.150, 8.153 Images, aliases, 2.28 Imaging system, diagram, 8.94 IMD: INDEX intermodulation distortion, 2.53, 2.106, 2.108 third-order products, 2.54-56 slope, 2.54 Impedance: in grounding system, 9.29 input, 2.106 Impedance mismatch, 9.149 Impulse, 2.105 In-amp: input, 9.160-162 rectification, 9.160-162 overvoltage protection, 9.105-109 RFI rectification sensitivity, tests, 9.155-157 single supply, protection, circuit, 9.108 In-circuit overvoltage: general input common-mode, 9.93-95 protection, 9.93-116 summary, 9.116 In-circuit voltage protection, 9.93-116 general input common-mode limitations, 9.93-95 In-phase signal processing, 8.38 Incremental optical encoder, 3.98 Inductance, 4.15, 9.17-21 mutual, 9.17-20, 9.17-21 ringing, 9.17-20 stray, 9.17 wire and strip, calculations, 9.17 Induction, skin effects, 9.46-48 Inductive coupling: basic principles, 9.18 EMI path, 9.142 Inductor: parasitic effects, 9.21 Q (quality factor), 9.21-22 quality factor, 9.21-22 ringing, 9.20 Infinite ground conductivity, 9.29 Infinite SHA, 8.45-47 INL, integral nonlinearity, 5.2 Inose, H., 3.136 Input differential protection, 9.104-105 Input impedance, 2.106 Input multiplexer, 1.55 Input noise, 2.72 Input-referred noise, 2.103, 2.106, 5.71, 5.76 grounded input histogram, 5.44 Instantaneous power, 8.22 Instantaneous real power, 8.22 Insulation resistance, capacitor, 9.2 Integral linearity, 2.107-108 error measurement, 2.15-16 Integral nonlinearity, 2.107-108 DAC, 5.1, 5.5 Integrated circuit, see IC Integrated circuit ground pin, 9.31 Integrated Device Technology (IDT), Inc., 9.197 Integrated function, 1990s, table, 1.64 Integrated-injection logic, 1.38 Integrated-injection-logic process, 4.12 Integrating and counting ADC architectures, 3.87-113 Integrating servo-loop ADC tester, diagram, 5.36 Integration, 4.21-26 levels, trends, 4.26 Intel, 4.26 Intentionally nonlinear DAC, 3.25-26 Intercept points, amplifier, definition, 2.54-55 Interconnection stability, resistor, 9.11 Interface bandwidth, 4.22 Interfacing: 2.5V/1.8V, 9.190-193 3.3V/1.8V, 9.190-193 3.3V/2.5V, 9.188-190, 9.190-193 analysis, 9.190 5V systems to 3.3V systems, using NMOS FET bus switches, 9.186-190 bidirectional, NMOS FET, 9.186 Interference, associated impedance, 9.148 Interlacing, television, 8.75 Intermodulation distortion, 2.106, 2.108 data converter, 6.3 Internal compliance and tolerance, CMOS IC, diagram, 9.195 Internal high voltage generation, 9.196 International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, 1.8, 1.10, 8.59 Interpolation, 3.51 Interpolation filter, on DAC, 4.22 Intersil, 1.33 Intersymbol interference, 3.8 Inverse Fourier transform, 5.51 Inverting-mode op amp protection, 9.100-101 Irons, Fred H., 2.91 IS-136, US multicarrier time-division multiplexed-access system, 8.112 ISI, intersymbol interference, 3.8 ITT Laboratories, 3.109 ITU-Recommendation BT.601, 8.104 ITU-Recommendation BT.656-4, 8.104 ITU-Recommendation BT.709-5, 8.104 ITU Recommendation ITU-R BT.1204, 5.89 J Jager, F. de, 3.136 Jantzi, S.A., 3.138 Jayant, Nuggehally S., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 J.B. Rea, 1.21 JEDEC, 9.197 JEDEC standards, 9.184-185 JFET RFI rectification, sensitivity, 9.159 Jitter: aperture, 9.39 calculation, from phase noise, 6.88 oscillator, 6.86-94 Johns, David A., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 Johnson noise, 9.14-15, 9.100 Johnson, H., 9.197 Index 27 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Johnson, Howard W., 9.63 Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC), 9.197 Jump size, 8.163 Junction field effect transistor, extra implantation, 7.11-14 Junction-to-ambient, thermal resistance, 9.127 Jung, Walt, 1.1, 3.108, 4.2, 4.19, 6.79, 7.1, 7.26-27, 8.157, 9.1, 9.25, 9.65, 9.91, 9.93, 9.127, 9.139, 9.141, 9.178, 9.199 Jung, Walter G., 1.17, 2.90, 2.117, 3.140, 4.9, 4.19, 5.91, 6.77, 8.26, 9.23 K K2-W op amp, 4.2 K2-W Operational Amplifier, data sheet, 4.9 Kaiser, Harold R., 3.105 Kaiser, H.R., 3.59 Kaneko, H., 3.37 Kearney, Paul, 8.105 Kelvin divider, 3.8 DAC, 3.4, 3.4-6 DNL, 5.10 no superposition, 5.10 Kelvin feedback: in PCB, 9.27-28 signal leads, 9.27-28 Kelvin sensing, 7.8, 7.17, 7.20, 7.58, 8.5, 8.9 Kelvin-Varley divider, 3.18 Kelvin, Lord, 3.4 Kemet Electronics, 9.91 Kemet T491C-series, tantalum capacitor, 7.48 Kerr, Richard J., 8.175 Kessler, Martin, 4.21 Kester, W.A., 5.88, 8.104 Kester, Walt, 1.1, 1.49, 2.1, 2.23, 2.37, 2.90, 2.97, 2.117, 3.1, 3.39, 3.109, 3.140, 5.1, 5.88, 5.89, 5.91, 6.1, 6.45, 6.47, 6.67, 6.69, 6.77, 6.83, 7.1, 7.61, 7.91, 8.26, 8.27, 8.49, 8.59, 8.75, 8.107, 8.157, 8.159, 9.1, 9.25, 9.30, 9.63, 9.65, 9.91, 9.93, 9.125, 9.139, 9.141, 9.178, 9.181, 1.55, 1.65, 4.1, 4.11, 9.199 Kester, Walter, 5.88 Kester, Walter A., 5.87, 8.104 Khairolomour, Peter, 8.58 Kilby, Jack, 1.15, 4.3-4 Kilby, J.S., 1.19, 4.9 Kimmel, William, 9.178 King, Grayson, 8.177 Kinniment, D.J., 3.106, 7.111 Kirchoff's law, 9.17, 9.28 Kitchen, Charles, 9.125, 9.178 Kitchen, Chuck, 9.178 Kitsopoulos, S.C., 3.106, 7.111 Kiyomo, T., 3.104 Klonowski, Paul, 3.108 Koch, R., 3.137 Kovacs, Gregory T.A., 7.60 Kovar lid, 9.60 Index 28 Krabbe, Hank, 4.13 kT/C noise, 2.43, 2.109 CCD, 8.97 Kurosawa, N., 8.157 Kurth, C.F., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 Kurz, Dov, 9.125 Kwan, Tom W., 3.36, 3.137 L LabVIEW, 5.89 Lackey, 8.156 Lane, Chuck, 3.105 Lapham, Jerome F., 4.19 Laser wafer trimming, 4.12 Latch: in double-buffered DAC, 3.33 output, 3.70 Latched comparator, 2.76, 3.43 Latchup, 9.35 Latency, 2.106 Lateral PNP, 4.11 LCCMOS, 1.49, 4.13 LDO, 7.27 adjustable voltage, 9.72-74 advantages, 9.66 architectures, 7.35-39, 9.70-74 DC and AC design issues, 7.38 zoned load capacitor, effects, 7.39 device selection, voltages, table, 9.72 fixed-voltage, 9.71-72 grounding, 9.78-79 signal routing, diagram, 9.78-79 regulator controller, 9.73 LDO regulator: board layout guidelines, 7.47 thermal considerations, 7.46-51 LDO regulator controller, 7.51-59, 7.51-60 2.8-V/8-A, 7.59 diagram, 7.59 basic, 7.53-54 copper resistance design, table, 7.58 pass device, 7.54-55 PCB layout issues, 7.58 PMOS FET pass device, 7.51 sensing resistor, 7.57-58 sensing resistors, 7.57-58 thermal design, 7.55-57 LE1182-series elliptic filter, TTE Inc., 2.31 Leaded ferrite bead, 9.86 Leakage current, output, 2.106 Leakage resistance, static effect, 9.52 Least-significant bit, see LSB Lee, Hae-Seung, 5.88 Lee, Seri, 9.139 Lee, Wai Laing, 3.137 Lee, W.L., 3.137 Left-justified data, 2.107 Lewis, Stephen H., 3.106 Li, Alan, 7.60, 8.58 INDEX Li, Harry W., 5.89 Lindesmith, John L., 3.108 Line sensitivity, 7.17-18 Linear compatible CMOS, 4.13 Linear IC regulation, 9.66 Linear mode regulation, 9.65 Linear post regulator: low noise, 9.78 switching supplies, 9.77-78 Linear predictive coding, 8.137 Linear ramp input, 3.79 limitations, 5.41 Linear regulator: low dropout, 7.27-60 architectures, 7.35-39 Linear resistance, calculation, 9.26 Linear settling time, DAC, 2.81 Linear voltage regulator: basics, 7.27-31, 9.66-68 block diagram, 9.68 negative leg series, 9.66 pass device, 9.68 positive leg series, 9.66 three-terminal circuit, 9.67 Linearity, 2.107 differential, 2.107-108 error, 2.15, 2.97 integral, 2.107 Linearity tempco, 2.114 LM309, fixed-voltage regulator, 9.68 LM317, adjustable-voltage regulator, 9.69 LM109, basic bandgap reference, 7.4 LM109/309, bandgap voltage reference, 7.33 LM309: voltage regulator, 7.33-35, 7.37 schematic diagram, 7.34 LM311: comparator, 1.38 IC comparator, 1.41 LM317: adjustable voltage regulator, schematic diagram, 7.34 topology, 7.35 LM361, IC comparator, 1.41 LO-PADS, 9.202 Load sensitivity, 7.17-18 Local high frequency bypass/decoupling, 9.89-90 layouts, 9.89 Locked-histogram test, 5.70-72 ADC aperture jitter, test setup, 5.71 Logarithmic transfer function, 3.26 LOGDAC, functions, 3.27-28 Logic: interface, 2.94-95 standards, summary, 9.184 types, 2.2 Logic circuit, low voltage, interfacing, 2.95 Logic device: choice and noise problems, 9.164 EMI/RFI protection, 9.164 Logic gate, 6.85 RMS jitter, 6.86 Logic IC, characteristics, 9.183 Logic interfacing, low voltage, 9.181-197 Logic noise: ADC buffering, 9.60-62 buffering ADC, 9.60-62 CMOS latched buffer, 9.61 Lohman, R.D., 3.104 Lohman, Robert D., 3.48 Long term prediction, 8.138 Looney, Mark, 8.146, 8.157 Lorber, Matt, 4.11 Low byte, 2.100 Low-distortion DAC, 3.31-33 Low-distortion sinewave, generation, test setups, 5.66-67 Low dropout linear regulator, 7.27-60 Low dropout regulator: architectures, 7.35-39 definition, 7.27 see also LDO Low-glitch architecture, DAC, 3.5 Low-glitch segmented DAC, 3.31-32 Low noise, 7.24-25 Low power mode, 6.48 Low-voltage-differential-signaling, see LVDS Low-voltage logic, interfaces, 9.181-197 Lowpass filter, audio DAC, 6.75-76 LPKF Laser & Electronics, 9.213 LSB, 2.13, 2.100, 2.107 peak-to-peak, 2.109 rms, 2.109 Luma signal, 8.79, 8.82 Luminance, 5.78, 8.79 LVDS, 3.76, 6.52, 6.54 for high speed interfaces, 4.22 logic, 2.2 output driver, 6.54 standards, 9.184 LVDS logic, 9.175-176 LVTTL, standards, 9.184 Lyne, Niall, 9.125 M Machine Model, ESD model, 9.121 MacKenzie, I. Scott, 8.191 Maddox, C.L., 3.37 MagAMP, 3.81 3-bit, folding ADC, 3.81-82 architecture, advantages, -86 current-steering, differential gain-of-two, diagram, 3.85 Gray code, 3.86 Magnetic field, reflection loss, 9.149 Magnetically-coupled noise, reduction, 9.145-146 Magnetically coupled noise, reduction, 9.145-146 Mahoney, Matthew, 2.116, 3.139, 5.88, 5.90 Index 29 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Malaeb, Mark, 8.58, 8.191 Mangelsdorf, Christopher W., 2.90, 3.104 Mannion, Patrick, 8.156 Manolakis, Dimitris G., 5.89 Mark/Space ratio, ADC, 3.91 Markow, John, 8.26 Mark, W., 9.23 Mark, W, 9.63 Martin, Ken, 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 Martin, Steve, 3.108 MAS-1202, 12-bit 2-µs SAR ADC, 1.44, 1.46 MASH: multistage noise shaping, 3.126 sigma-delta ADC, block diagram, 3.127 Mathcad, 5.89 MATLAB, 5.89 Matsuya, Y., 3.137 Matsuzawa, A., 2.90, 3.105 Matsuzoe, Nobuhiro, 8.191 Maximum conversion rate, 2.108 Maxwell, Darragh, 8.191 MC1650, IC comparator, 1.41 McCarthy, Mary, 8.58 McClaning, Kevin, 2.90 McDaniel, L.D., 3.37 McDaniel, Wharton, 7.60 MCM, 4.7 MDAC, 3.2 current-mode R-2R ladder network, 3.25 diagram, 3.25 external voltage reference, 3.24 MDS-1250, 12-bit 50-ns DAC, 1.46 Meacham, L.A., 1.18, 3.37, 3.105, 7.111, 8.59, 8.74 Melliar-Smith, C. Mark, 1.18, 4.9 Memory, non-volatile, 4.14 Mendelsohn, Alex, 8.191 Mercer, Doug, 4.19, 8.157 MESC series RFI suppression chokes, 9.91 Metal film resistor, 9.16 Metal foil resistor, 9.16 Metal migration, 9.94 Metal-on-silicon device, 4.13 Metastability, 2.76, 3.44-45 Metastable comparator output, errors, 2.77 Metastable state, 2.76-80 ADC, 2.76-80 Meyer, F.C., 5.87 MF Electronics, 9.39 Miao, Kai, 8.191 Mica capacitor, 9.8 Micro Power, 1.52 Micro Power Systems, 1.33 Microcontroller, 8.16 precision analog, 8.177-191 MicroConverter: applications, 8.184-186 based on ARM7 processor core, 8.187-190 characteristics, 8.178-183 Index 30 definition, 8.177 development tools, chart, 8.186 family, characteristics, 8.178-183 RTD interfacint, 8.185 sigma-delta ADC architecture, 8.182 summary, 8.183 MicroConverter 12-bit SAR-based, summary, 8.180 MicroConverter SAR ADC performance, 8.179 MicroConverter sigma-delta ADC architecture, 8.180-182 Micronetworks, 1.33 Microprocessor supervisory products, 8.19 Microstrip: delay constant, 9.167 guidelines, 9.167 Microstrip PCB layout, two pairs of LVDS signals, 9.177 Microstrip transmission line: characteristic impedance, 9.166 controlled impedance, termination techniques, 9.173 general parameters, 9.48 on PCB, 9.166-167 MICROWIRE, serial interface, 6.51 Mid-scale settling time, 5.14 Mierlo, S. Van, 3.109, 3.136 MIL-883B, 4.6 MIL-M-38510, standard for 12-bit DAC, 1.35 MIL-STD-883 Method 3015, 9.121, 9.125 MIL-STD-883B, 1.42 MIL-STD-883B Method 3015.7, ESD test method, 9.122-123 Milled PCB prototyping, 9.203-205 board, 9.204-205 Millman, S., 1.17 Miner, Willard M., 1.4, 1.17 Mini-Circuits, 6.45 Mini-Circuits RF transformer, 6.24-27 Mini-Mount, breadboarding system, 9.202 Minidac, 1.24-25 12-bit, with op amp, quad switches, thin film resistor network, diagram, 1.26 MINIDIP guard layout, 9.55-56 Minimum 4-term Blackman-Harris, window function, 5.57, 5.63-64 Minimum conversion rate, sampling, 2.108 Minimum sampling frequency, 6.49-50 Missing code, 2.107, 2.108 errors, 2.20-21 MIT Lincoln Labs, 1.23 Mitola, Jim, 8.156 Mixed-signal front ends, 1.55 Mixed-signal grounding, problems, 9.40-41 Mixed-signal IC: grounding, 9.30 internal digital currents, diagram, 9.36 low internal digital currents, diagram, 9.41 INDEX grounding and decoupling, 9.35-36 low voltage, summary, 9.182 Mixed-signal system: grounding, 9.45 multicard, 9.33-34 partitioning analog and digital circuits, 9.46 PCB layout guidelines, 9.45-46 MOD-815: 8-bit 15-MSPS ADC, 1.44-45 8-bit 15-MSPS subranging ADC, Computer Labs Inc., 3.64 8-bit 15-MSPS video sampling ADC, 1.46 MOD-1020, 10-bit 20-MSPS sampling ADC, photograph, 1.45-46 MOD-1205, 12-bit 5-MSPS sampling ADC, 1.45-46 MOD-4100, 4-bit 100-MSPS flash ADC, using AM685 comparator, 3.49-50 Modern data converter processes, 4.11-19 Modular data converter, 4.6 Modulation, 8.137 Moghimi, Reza, 3.104, 8.58 Monochrome, television, 8.76 Monolithic ceramic capacitor, 9.8 Monolithic dual FET, matched, 1.41 Monolithic transistor array, 1.41 Monotonic, DAC, 3.5, 5.1 Monotonicity, 2.107, 2.108, 3.89 Montrose, Mark, 9.64, 9.178 Moore, Gordon, 4.26 Moore's Law, 4.26, 4.30 Moreland, Carl, 3.85, 3.107, 7.111 Moreland, Carl W., 3.107 Morrison, Ralph, 9.63, 9.178 MOS, 4.13 MOSFET, switch, on-resistance versus signal voltage, 7.63 Moss, Brian, 8.191 Most significant bit, see MSB Motchenbacher, C.D., 9.63, 9.125 Motherboard, PCB, in mixed-signal system, 9.33-34 Motorola, 1.33 Motorola MC1650, 3.49 Motorola MC1650 dual ECL comparators, 3.65 MP7684, 8-bit 20-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 MSB, 2.2, 2.108 error, electron beam coder, 1.12 µ-law, 3.26 Mu-metal: shielding, 9.20 shields, 9.146 µA702, monolithic op amp, 4.11 µA709: IC op amp, Fairchild, 3.49 op amp, Fairchild, 1.24 µA710, IC comparator, 1.41 µA710/711: comparator, Fairchild, 1.24 comparators, Fairchild, 1.23 µA710 comparator, 1.25 µA710/µA711, comparator, 4.11 µA711, IC comparator, 1.41 µA711/712, comparator, Fairchild, 3.49 µA741, op amp, 4.11 Multi-bit sigma-delta ADC, 3.123-125 block diagram, 3.123 Multi-tone intermodulation distortion, 2.46 Multi-tone SFDR, 2.56-57 Multibit sigma-delta converter, 3.123-125 Multicard, mixed-signal systems, 9.33-34 Multicard system: grounding, high digital currents, diagram, 9.43 grounding mixed-signal devices, 9.41-42 Multicarrier CDMA2000 receiver, RF spectrum, 8.117 Multicarrier receiver, chart, 8.131 Multicarrier transceiver, summary, 8.136 Multicarrier transmitter, chart, 8.135 Multichannel audio codecs and DACs, chart, 8.70 Multichannel data acquisition system, 8.27-48 Multichannel data distribution, 8.42 Multichannel system, two-tone intermodulation distortion, 8.122 Multichip module, 4.7, 4.17 Multimode cellular chipset, l, 4.22 Multiplexed Front End, 1.66 Multiplexer, 7.80-82, 8.37 analog, diagram, 8.28 from Analog Devices, 7.84-85 dual source RGB, using AD8183/AD8185/AD8186/AD8187, 7.81 using three AD8170, 7.81 fault-protected, 9.99 for dual-supply in-amp, circuit, 9.107 key specifications, 8.28 MOSES-8 MOSFET Multiplexer, 7.61 output, 2.73, 3.125 settling time, 2.74, 7.73 SHA, dynamic signal input processing, 8.30 triple dual input, 7.82 Multiplexers and analog switches, 7.61-89 Multiplexing, 1.4, 8.28-31 inputs to sigma-delta ADC, 8.36-38 Multiplying DAC, 2.108, 3.24-25 current-mode R-2R ladder network, 3.25 diagram, 3.25 external voltage reference, 3.24 feedthrough, 2.103 Multipoint ground, diagram, 9.34 Multistage noise shaping: sigma-delta ADC, 3.126-127 sigma-delta converter, 3.126-127 Multisync, 8.86 Multitone spurious free dynamic range, 2.108 Murakami, J., 3.136 Index 31 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Murden, Frank, 3.85, 3.106, 3.107, 4.12, 7.111 Murphy, Eva, 9.181, 9.197 Musmann, H.G., 3.37 Muto, Art, 5.88 Muto, Arthur S., 5.88 Mutual inductance, 9.17-20, 9.17-21, 9.143 within signal cabling, 9.19 MxFE, 1.66, 4.25 N N1 SADC gain error, 3.67 N1 SADC linearity error, 3.67 N1 SADC offset error, 3.67 N1 SDAC offset error, 3.67 Nahman, Norris S., 5.25 Narrowband, definition, 8.114 Narrowband digital receiver, 8.110-114 Narrowband GSM receiver bandpass sampling, diagram, 8.112 National LM361, 3.49 National Semiconductor, 1.25, 1.28, 1.33 Naylor, Jim R., 5.25, 5.87 NDB6020P, 7.53, 7.56, 7.59 NDP6020P, 7.53-56, 7.59 NDP6020P/NDB6020P, data sheet, 7.60 NE521, IC comparator, 1.41 Near-field interference, EMI path, 9.142 Neary, Eamon, 8.191 Neelands, Lewis J., 3.108 Negative full-scale, 2.104 Neil, Martin, 5.88 Net glitch area, 5.15 New TxDAC Generation, 8.157 NF, noise figure, 2.61 Nguyen, Khiem, 3.36, 3.137 Nicholas, Henry T., III, 8.175-176 Ninke, W.H., 3.37 NMR, 2.110 No missing codes resolution, 2.109, 2.112 Noise, 2.97 capacitance-coupled, reduction, 9.144-145 common-impedance, reduction, 9.143-144 conducted type, 9.82 equivalent input referred, 2.43-44 excess, 9.14-15 Gaussian, 2.109 input-referred, 2.44 input referred, grounded input histogram, 5.44 Johnson, 9.14-15 KT/C, 2.109 magnetically-coupled, reduction, 9.145-146 magnetically coupled, reduction, 9.145-146 from near-field interference, 9.144 peak, 2.109 random, 2.109 RMS, 2.109 signal-to-quantization ratio, 2.39 thermal, 9.14-15 voltage reference, 7.18-20 Index 32 Noise bandwidth, definition, 2.62 Noise coupling, mechanisms, 9.143 Noise factor, 2.61-68 Noise figure, 2.46, 2.61-68 cascaded, using Friis equation, 2.67 Noise-free code resolution, 2.45, 2.103, 2.106, 2.109, 8.8, 8.11 Noise immunity, 3.103 Noise power ratio testing, 5.69-70 Noise reduction, power supply, 9.81-90 Noise reduction pin, 7.19 Noise Shaped Video techniques, 8.83 Noise shaping, 3.111, 3.112, 3.116 Non-coherent sampling: FFT output signal and harmonic leakage, 5.64 leakage, 5.63 Non-Linear Systems, Inc., 1.21 Non-monotonic ADC, errors, 2.20 Non-monotonicity, 3.19 Nonlinear DAC, 3.25-26 Nonlinearity, 2.107, 2.110 offset, 2.111 Nonlinearity error, resistor, 9.10 Nordenberg, H., 9.63 Normal mode, 2.110 Normal mode rejection, see NMR Normalization, 2.2 Norton, Mark, 1.47 Notch filter, 2.59, 2.109 minimizing analyzer overdrive, 5.68 Nova Devices, 4.11 Noyce, Robert N., 1.15, 1.19, 4.3-4, 4.9 NP0 ceramic capacitor, 9.8 NPR, 1.49, 2.58-60 ADC testing, 5.69-70 measurements, 2.58 noise power ratio, 2.46, 2.109, 5.69-70 test setup, 5.69 NTSC, 5.78-79, 5.81 composite color video line, 8.76-77 signal characteristics, 8.77 videotape recorders, 8.62 Numerically controlled oscillator, 8.115, 8.160-161 Nyquist ADC, 3.111 high resolution, 3.112 Nyquist band, 3.116 sigma-delta ADC, 3.115 Nyquist bandwidth, 1.61, 1.64, 2.28-29, 2.38-39, 2.41, 2.63, 2.86-87, 2.98, 3.76, 5.19, 8.32, 8.113, 8.120, 8.122, 8.133, 8.160, 8.165 Nyquist conditions, 2.64 Nyquist criteria, 2.27, 2.27-29, 8.163 Nyquist frequency, 2.30, 2.49, 5.48, 6.37, 8.148-149, 8.164 Nyquist operation, 3.133 Nyquist range, 3.23 Nyquist rate, 3.110 Nyquist sigma-delta ADC, 3.112 INDEX Nyquist theorem, PCM, 1.7 Nyquist-type ADC, 8.1 Nyquist zone, 2.28-29, 2.33-34, 2.58, 8.112, 8.118, 8.153 first, 2.31-32 frequency translation, 2.32 undersampling, 2.31-32 Nyquist, Harry, 1.6, 1.17, 2.27, 2.35 O OA-125, modular op amp, Computer Labs, 1.23 O'Brien, Paul, 6.98, 8.175 Octal DAC, 1.56 Off-channel isolation, 8.28 Offset, bipolar, 2.110 Offset binary code, 2.8-9, 2.14 bipolar 3-bit ADC, 2.9-10 bipolar 3-bit DAC, 2.9-10 Offset error, 2.15 DAC, 5.1, 5.2-4 measurement, 5.31 Offset nonlinearity, 2.111 Offset spurs, 8.147 Offset step, 2.100, 2.110, 2.111 Offset tempco, 2.115 Ohmite Victoreen MAXI-MOX Resistors, 9.23 Ohm's law, 9.27 Oliver, Bernard M., 3.107 Oliver, B.M., 1.18, 2.90 Olshausen, Richard, 3.108 O'Mara, Brian, 8.191 On-Chip tools, resources, 8.189 On-resistance, 8.28 On-resistance modulation, 8.28 ON Semiconductor, 6.98 One shot, temperature sensor output mode, 8.15-16 1-dB compression point, 2.54 1N821-1N829 series, Zener references, 7.3 1148, IC switcher, 9.77-78 1408: 8-bit bipolar process IC DAC, 1.34 IC DAC, 1.41 O'Neill, E.F., 1.17 Ones complement, code, 2.11, 2.14 Ones-density, 3.117 Op amp: applied feedback, 6.9 bipolar input, output phase-reversal, 9.103 for buffering DAC output, 6.69 dual, driver, 6.29-30 driving, 6.29-30 dual supply, differential DC coupled output, 6.72-73 evaluation board, 1990s, 9.207 dedicated, 9.207-209 FET, output phase-reversal, 9.103 gain and level-shifting circuits, 6.10-13 diagram, 6.11 gain-of-two, 3.84 input, 9.159-160 rectification, 9.159-160 input bias current, 6.7 input common-mode voltage, 6.5 input differential overvoltage protection network, 9.104 inverting-mode protection, 9.100-101 low bias current FET input I/V converter, block diagram, 9.100 in low voltage rail-rail references, table, 7.21 noise, antialiasing filter, 6.38 noise figure, 2.61 open-loop gain, 6.9 output stages, diagram, 6.9 overvoltage, CM protection circuit, 9.94 performance factors, 6.2 PNP, PMOS, or N-channel JFET stages, 6.5-6 push-pull output, 6.8 rail-rail input, 6.5-8 diagram, 6.6 rail-to-rail, "almost" output, 6.10 for single-ended level shifter with gain, 6.13 and regenerative repeaters, 1.13-16 RFI rectification sensitivity, tests, 9.155-157 single-supply, grounding, 9.56 slew rates, 6.8 specifications, key specifications, 6.4 specifications and requirements, 6.13-15 thermal resistance considerations, 9.131 video driver, power dissipation, 9.133 Op Amp Applications, 1.1, 4.2, 4.19 Op Amps Combine Superb DC Precision and Fast Settling, 4.19 OP177, low-noise buffer, 6.15-16 OP184/284/484: bias input currents, 6.7 rail-rail input stage, 6.7 OP191/291/491, common-mode voltage, 6.7 OP275, data sheet, 6.77 OP1177, low-noise buffer, 6.15 Open-loop SHA, 7.102-104 circuit, 7.103 using diode bridge switch, 7.103 Oppenheim, V., 5.89 Optical converter, 3.98-99 ADC, 3.98-99 Optical encoder: incremental, 3.98 incremental and absolute, illustration, 3.99 Opto-isolator, 8.14 Optocoupler, 9.112 architecture, 9.112-113 Optoisolator, 9.112 Index 33 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION OS-CON, organic semiconductor capacitor, 9.83 OS-CON Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Technical Book, Sanyo, 9.91 Oscillation, 3.43 Oscillator, 3.89 broadband phase noise comparison, 6.90 phase noise and jitter, 6.86-94 phase noise versus frequency, 6.88 power spectrum, phase noise, 6.86 quartz crystal, 2.71 resolution and input frequency, 6.94 Wenzel, 6.90-91 jitter calculations, 6.91 Oscilloscope, sensitivity, 5.16 Oscilloscope measurement, settling time and glitch impulse area, 5.15-17 Othello direct conversion radio, 4.22 Othello radio, dual band GSM architecture, 8.144 Othello radio chipset, 8.140-145 Virtual-IF transmitter, 8.142 Othello radio chipsets, 8.140-145 Ott, Henry, 9.178 Ott, Henry W., 9.24, 9.63, 9.91 Out-of-circuit overvoltage, protection, 9.116-124 Out-of-circuit voltage protection, 9.116-124 Output, digital, signal quantization, 2.12 Output amplifier, 1.35 Output glitch, 3.21 Output latches, flash converters, 3.70 Output leakage current, 2.106 Output phase-reversal, fixes, 9.103-104 Output phase-reversal test, 9.102-103 Output propagation delay, 2.110 Output ripple, 2.104 Output ripple voltage, voltage regulator, 9.76 Output settling time, 2.112 Output spectrum, DAC, sin(x)/x frequency rollout, 2.87 Output voltage phase-reversal, 9.101-102 illustration, 9.102 key points, 9.103 prevention, 9.103-104 testing, 9.102-103 Output voltage tolerance, 2.110 Overdrive, settling time, 5.15 Overlap bits, 3.64 Overload, 2.110 Overrange, overvoltage, 2.110 Oversampling, 2.40, 3.111, 3.112, 3.115-116, 3.116 audio DAC, 6.75-76 baseband antialiasing filter, 2.29 for digital audio, 8.64 interpolating DAC, 2.87-89, 3.23-24 sigma-delta ADC, 3.115 and undersampling, process gain, 2.40-41 Overvoltage: in-circuit, 9.93 Index 34 out-of-circuit, 9.93 power supply sequencing, protection, circuit, 9.111 protection, 9.93-126 CMOS channel protectors, 9.98-99 recovery time, 2.46, 2.75, 2.110, 5.77-78 test waveform, 5.77 Overvoltage overrange, 2.110 Overvoltage protection, 9.1, 9.93-126 CMOS channel protector, 9.110-111 CMOS channel protectors, 9.110-111 digital isolators, 9.111-116 ESD models and testing, 9.121-124 in-amps, 9.105-109 in-circuit, 9.93-116 out-of-circuit, 9.116-124 Owen, Frank F.E., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 P p-epi CB process, 4.12 Packaging, data converter, 4.17 PADS Software, Advanced CAM Technologies, Inc., 9.213 PAL, 5.78-79, 5.81 signal characteristics, 8.77 videotape recorders, 8.62 Panasonic, 9.91 Parallel ADC, 3.46-53 Parallel latch, 3.21 Parallel plate capacitor, 9.58 Parasitic capacitance, 9.11 Parasitic coupling, 9.57 Parasitic diode, 2.94 Parasitic effect, 7.37-38 pin socket, 9.205 Parasitic inductance, 9.11 Parasitic resistance, 4.15 Parasitic thermocouple, 9.12 Parasitics, 1.56, 9.200 capacitor, 9.2 copper wire, 9.12 Partitioning, 4.21-30 chip set, progress, 4.28 developments, 4.27-30 necessity, 4.26-27 smart, 4.21-30 diagram, 4.24 purposes, 4.26-27 versus complete integration, 4.21 Parzefall, F., 3.137 Pass device, 9.68 associated tradeoffs, 7.31-35 pros and cons, 7.32 for voltage regulator, types, 7.31 Passive component, 9.1-24 capacitor, 9.1, 9.2-8 EMI path, 9.146-147 error analysis, 9.22 INDEX inductance, 9.17-21 PCB, 9.1 potentiometer, 9.1, 9.15 resistor, 9.1, 9.9-16 versus EMI/RFI, 9.146-147 Pastoriza division of Analog Devices, 7.92 Pastoriza Electronics, 1.23, 1.24, 1.44, 4.11 Pastoriza, James, 1.23, 1.25 Pastoriza, James J., 1.31, 3.16-17, 3.36 Pattavina, Jeffrey S., 9.63 PCB: capacitive noise, 9.59-60 conductor resistance, 9.26-27 continuous ground plane, 9.50 design, 9.25-64, 9.163-164 controlled impedance traces, 9.164-166 EMI/RFI protection, 9.163, 9.163-164 double-sided, from HS-81, 4.5 versus multilayer, 9.32-33 double-sided versus multilayer, 9.32-33 dynamic effects, 9.57-62 Faraday shield, 9.59-60 floating shield, 9.60 grounding, in mixed systems, 9.30-45 guard pattern, MINIDIP package, 9.55 Kelvin feedback, 9.27-28 layout, 7.58-59 mixed-signal system, 9.45-46 layout guidelines, for mixed-signal systems, 9.45-46 microstrip transmission line, as controlled impedance conductor, 9.48 microstrip transmission lines, 9.166-167 moisture sensitivity, 9.53 multilayer, versus double-sided, 9.32-33 passive component, 9.1 precision circuit performance, 9.25 signal leads, voltage drop, 9.27-28 signal return currents, 9.28-30 skin effect, 9.46-48, 9.48 SOIC guard layout, 9.56 static effects, 9.52-56 guard layouts, 9.55-56 stray capacitance, 9.58-59 symmetric stripline transmission lines, 9.167-168 trace resistance, 9.27 transmission lines, 9.48-49 PCB design: controlled impedance traces, 9.164-166 embedded traces, 9.169 for EMI/RFI protection, 9.163-164, 9.164 low impedance reference plane, 9.165 PCM, 3.109 from Bell Labs, 1.11 and Bell System, history, 1.10-13 Bell System work, 1.21 invention, 1.5-6, 4.2 Western Electric, 1.5 mathematical foundations, 1.6-8 mathematics, 1.6 historical summary, 1.8 nonlinear DAC, 3.26 Nyquist theorem, 1.7 patent, 1.6 patents, 1.8-10 reinvention by Reeves, 1.8 solid state repeater, Wrathall, 1.15 theory, 1.5-6 voice channels, copper cable pairs, 1.15 PCM DAC, architecture, 3.30 PCM facsimile system, patent, 3.47 Peak glitch area, DAC, 2.82 Peak spurious component, 2.115 Pease, Bob, 9.125 Pease, Robert A., 9.23, 9.213 PECL, 2.2, 6.96 standards, 9.184 PECL low-jitter receiver/driver, 6.96 Pedestal, 2.110, 2.111, 2.112 Pedestal error, SHA, 7.95 Pedestall, 2.100 Peetz, Bruce E., 5.88 Pericom Semiconductor Corporation, 9.197 Personal digital assistants, 8.100 Peterson, E., 1.18, 3.37, 3.105, 7.111, 8.59 Peterson, J., 1.47, 3.105 Phase accumulator, 8.160 Phase-frequency detector, 8.144 Phase jitter, in sampling clock, 9.39 Phase-locked loop, 6.92-94, 8.145, 8.159 design, 6.94 Phase noise, 2.71 definition, 6.86 jitter, calculation, 6.88, 6.90 oscillator, 6.86-94 sampling clock, sinewave, 6.87 Phased array radar receiver, 1.23 Phillips Laboratories, 3.109 Pierce, J.R., 1.18, 2.90 Pin count, 4.21 Pin socket, 9.31, 9.205, 9.207 parasitic effects, 9.205 Ping-pong high-speed DAC, 3.35 Pipelined ADC, 2.113, 3.61-78, 3.88 Pipelined architecture, 3.68 Pipelining, 2.106, 2.111 Pixel, 8.85 Planar process, 1.14-15, 4.4 Plassche, R.J. van de, 3.136 Plassche, Rudy J. van de, 3.107 Plassche, Rudy van de, 2.116-117, 3.139, 3.140, 5.90-91 PLL, grounding DSP, 9.43-44 PMOS: pass device, 7.31-32 transistor current switch, 3.22-23 Index 35 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION PN4117, JFET diode, 9.95 PNP/NPN, pass device, 7.31-32 Pohlmann, Ken C., 8.74 Pole-splitting, 7.42 Pole splitting, 9.71 anyCAP topology, 7.42-43 basic topology, 7.42 Polycarbonate capacitor, 9.8 Polyester capacitor, 9.8 Polypropylene capacitor, 9.8 Polystyrene capacitor, 9.8 Positive emitter coupled logic, see PECL Positive full-scale, 2.104 Positive-true, 2.104-105 Potentiometer, 2.2, 9.15 digital, 6.48, 8.49-58 3-bit CMOS string DAC, diagram, 8.50 passive component, 9.1 trimming, 9.15 Poulin, Michael, 8.74, 8.104 Poulton, K., 8.157 Power Consideration Discussions, 9.139 Power conversion efficiency, 9.65 Power-down, ADC status, 3.41 Power line decoupling, resonant circuit, 9.20 Power measurement, basics, 8.22-23 Power meter, ADC application, 8.22-25 Power-on circuitry, 6.47 Power plane, 9.30-32 Power supply: analog, 9.65-91 regulation priorities, 9.65 analog ready, 9.87 analog systems, 9.65-91 conditioning, summary, 9.90 filter, ferrite, 9.86-87 linear IC regulation, 9.66 low dropout regulator, 9.70-74 noise, 9.65 reduction and filtering, 9.81-90 noise reduction and filtering, 9.81-90 bypass/decoupling, 9.89-90 capacitor, 9.82-85 card entry filter, 9.87-88 ferrite, 9.86-87 rail bypass/distribution filter, 9.88 pass device, 9.66-68 regulator with adjustable voltage ICs, 9.68-69 switching, noise, 9.81-90 voltage regulator, 9.66-68 Power-supply rejection ratio, see PSRR Power-up sequencing, 9.195 Poynton, Charles, 8.104 Pratt, Bill, 5.87 Preamplifier, 3.52-53 Precision analog microcontroller, 1.63, 8.177-191 Precision measurement: sensor conditioning, 8.1-26 sigma-delta ADC, applications, 8.2-6 Index 36 Precision Monolithics, 1.33 Precision Resistor Co., Inc., 9.23 Preston Scientific, 1.24 Principles of Pulse Code Modulation, 1.2 Printed circuit board, see PCB Proakis, John G., 5.89 Process gain, 2.40, 8.113, 8.118 ADC, FFT output, 5.55 DAC, 5.20 Process support protection, 9.195 Programmable gain amplifier, 1.55 alternate configuration, 7.78 poor design, 7.77 Prototyping, 9.199-213 analog, key points, 9.199 and breadboarding, 9.199-213 deadbug, 9.200-202 milled PCB, 9.203-205 PCB design, 9.206 solder-mount, 9.202-203 summary, 9.212 Pseudo-color, 8-bit RGB graphics system, 8.87-88 Pseudo-Gray code, 1.13, 2.7, 3.48 PSpice diode models, 9.95-96 PSRR, 2.111 PTM, constant pulse amplitude, 1.8 Pulldown resistor, 6.8 PulSAR family, SAR ADCs, 3.53 PulSAR series, 3.60 Pulse code modulation: digital audio, 8.63 see also PCM Pulse current response, 7.22-24 Pulse Engineering B4001 choke, 9.162 Pulse Engineering, Inc., 9.178 Pulse time modulation, see PTM Pulse-width-modulated, pulse control, 3.88 Pulse width modulated, see PWM PWM, pulse-width-modulated, 3.28-29, 3.88 PWM DAC, 3.28-29 PWM pulse, in Reeves' ADC and DAC, 1.10 Q QS3384 data sheet, Integrated Device Technology (IDT), Inc., 9.197 QSPI, serial interface, 6.51 Quad-slope architecture, in ADC, 3.97 Quad-slope converter, 2.111 Quad switch, 3.16-17 DAC with thin film resistor network, diagram, 1.26 Quadrature modulation, 8.145 Quadrature signal processing, 8.38 Quality factor, inductor, 9.21-22 Quantization: error, 2.14, 2.38, 2.111 root-mean-square, 2.38 sigma-delta ADC, 3.115 table, 2.13 INDEX uncertainty, 2.4, 2.14, 5.28 using delta modulation, 3.110 Quantization noise, 2.37-45, 2.59-60, 2.72, 3.119, 8.126, 8.165-166 frequency content, 2.41 function of time, 2.38 sigma-delta ADC, 3.115 Quantizing uncertainty, 2.97, 2.111 Quartz crystal oscillator, 2.71 QuickStart, MicroConverter development tool, 8.186 QXGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 R R-2R DAC, 3.12-18 3-bit binary, 3.26 resistor ladder network, diagram, 3.12 R-2R ladder network, trimming, 3.19 Rabbits, 3.45 ADC, 2.76 Rabiner, L.R., 5.89 Rack, A.J., 3.30 Radiation, Inc., 1.23 Radio frequency interference, see RFI Radix-2 algorithm, 5.54 Rail bypass/distribution filter, 9.88 diagram, 9.88 power supply noise reduction and filtering, 9.88 Rainey, Paul M., 1.5, 1.17, 3.9, 3.36, 3.47, 3.104 Raltron Electronics Corporation, 6.98 RAM-DAC, high-speed video, 1.49 RAM-DAC family, 1.57 Ramachandran, R., 3.106 Ramirez, R.W., 5.89 Ramp run-up ADC, 3.89-90 diagram, 3.90 Ramp voltage, 3.88 Random noise, 2.109 Rappaport, Andy, 9.23 Raster scan, 8.86 Ratiometric, 2.111 Ratiometric converter, 2.111 Raytheon Computer, 1.23-24 RCD Components, Inc., 9.23 RDACs, 9.15 RDC: resolver-to-digital converter, 3.91, 3.99, 3.101-102 diagram, 3.102 tracking, 3.103 type-2 servo loop, 3.103 Reay, Richard J., 7.60 Receive signal processing, in wideband receiver, diagram, 8.115 Receive signal processor, 8.107 Receiver design, 8.109 digital processing at baseband, 8.109-110 Recirculating subranging ADC, 3.74 Recovery time, DAC, 2.81 Rectangular, window function, 5.58 Redcor Corporation, 1.23-24 Redmond, Catherine, 9.181, 9.197 Redundant bits, 3.64 Reeves Instruments, 1.24 Reeves, A.H., 3.28, 3.37, 7.91, 8.59 5-bit counting ADC, 3.88 Reeves, Alec Harley, 1.8-10, 1.18, 3.105, 4.9, 7.111, 8.74 Reeves, Alec Hartley, 4.2 Reference noise: bandwidth, 7.18 performance, circuit, 7.20 requirements, table, 7.19 Reference white, 1.53 Reflected binary code, 1.13, 3.47 Reflection, off shielding material, 9.149 Reflective switch, 7.79 Regeneration time constant, 3.45 Regular pulse excitation, 8.138 Regulated output charge-pump voltage converter, 9.75-77 Regulator controller, differences, 7.52-53 Reichenbacher, P., 9.23, 9.63 Rempfer, William C., 9.63 Repetitive code patterns, ADC testing, 5.41 Residue amplifier offset error, 3.67 Residue output, 3.78 Resistor: aging, 9.14 comparison, chart, 9.16 comparisons, 9.16 discrete, 9.16 excess noise, 9.14-15 failure mechanisms, 9.14 mismatched, error source, 9.9 network, 9.16 parasitics, 9.11-12 passive component, 9.1 power dissipation, error source, 9.10 ratiometrical precision, 4.11 temperature-related errors, 9.11 thermoelectric effects, 9.12-14 types, 9.9 voltage sensitivity, 9.14 Resistor noise, 2.43 Resistor-transistor-logic, see RTL Resolution, 2.112 DAC, 5.1 no missing codes, 2.109, 2.112 Resolver, 2.2 diagram, 3.100 Resolver-to-digital converter, 3.91, 3.99-103 ADC, 3.99-103 Resonant circuit, power line decoupling, 9.20 Resonator, replacing integrator, for bandpass sigma-delta ADC, 3.132 Index 37 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Retrace factor, 8.86 Reverse junction breakdown, 9.104 RF transformers, noise figure improvement, 2.66 RFI, rectification, sensitivity, 9.155 RFI rectification, 9.155 device susceptibility, 9.156 op amp and in-amp, sensitivity, summary, 9.157 sensitivity testing, 9.155-157 proportional to interfering signal amplitude, 9.158 reduction, using op amp and in-amp circuits, 9.158 RFI Rectification Test Configuration, 9.156 Rheostat, 8.50 Rich, Alan, 9.63, 9.178 Right-justified data, 2.112 Ringing, 9.17-20, 9.20 voltage reference, 7.23 Risetime, DAC, 5.16 Ritchie, G.R., 3.37 RMS input noise, 2.45 RMS jitter: calculation, 6.89 versis analog input frequency, ENOB, 6.85 RMS noise: aperture jitter, 5.72 measurement, 5.75 RMS quantization error, 2.38 RMS quantization noise, 3.115 Roberts, Neil, 6.98 Robertson, Dave, 4.19, 4.21, 8.156 Robin, Michael, 8.74, 8.104 Rohde & Schwarz, Inc., 5.25 Rohde, Ulrich L., 6.98, 8.175 Rollenhagen, D.C., 5.87 Root-mean-square, see RMS Rorabaugh, C. Britton, 5.89 Ross, Ian M., 4.9 Rotating transformer, 3.100 RS-232, 9.121 RTL, in anti-ballistic missile system electronics, 1.23 Ruscak, Stephen, 8.156 Ruscak, Steve, 2.90 Rutten, Ivo W.J.M., 3.107 S S/N+D, see SINAD "S" series surface mount current sensing resistors, 7.60 SADC, subranging ADC, 3.64-65, 3.67 Sallen, R.P., 3.78 Sample-and-hold, see SHA Sample-and-hold amplifier, see SHA Sample rate converter, 8.70-73 concepts, 8.71 Sample-to-hold offset, 2.100, 2.111, 2.112 Sample-to-sample variation, in CCD, 8.97 Index 38 Sampled-aperiodic signal, in FFT, 5.52 Sampled data system: block diagram, 2.23 fundamentals, 2.1-117 Sampled-periodic signal, in FFT, 5.52 Sampling: bandpass, 2.31-32 harmonic, 2.31-32 IF, 2.31-32 Nyquist criteria, 2.27-29 SHA need, 2.24-26 theory, 2.23-25 Sampling ADC, 2.112 Sampling clock, 2.112, 6.83-98 ADC input, 3.41 circuitry, grounding, 9.38 differential, driving input, 6.995-997 input driving, 6.95-97 distribution, digital to analog ground planes, diagram, 9.40 encode, 2.103 generation, 6.83-98 grounding, 9.38-40, 9.38-41 "hybrid" generator, 6.94-95 jitter, 2.72, 6.83 effect on ADC SNR, 9.39 effects, 2.70 low jitter single-ended to differential, diagram, 6.96 phase jitter, 9.39 phase noise, sinewave, 6.87 pulsewidth/duty cycle, 2.103 ratio to input frequency, SFDR, 2.42 ratio to output frequency on 12-bit DAC SFDR, 8.166 summary, 6.97 Sampling frequency, 2.112 Sampling rate, 2.108 criteria, 1.5 Sampling system, simultaneous, 8.38-40 Sampling theory: basics, 2.23 discrete time sampling, 2.24 finite amplitude resolution due to quantization, 2.24 Samueli, Henry, 8.175-176 Sanyo, 9.91 SAR, 2.114 logic function, implementation, 3.59 SAR ADC, 3.11, 3.53-61, 3.91, 6.50 algorithm, 3.57 algorithm analogy, 1.27 with capacitive binary-weighted DAC, 3.12 development summary, 1.28 diagram, 1.28 dynamic transient loads, 7.23-24 fundamental timing, diagram, 3.53-54 by Schelleng, 3.58 INDEX single-supply, resolution/conversion times, table, 3.60 superposition, 5.34 switched capacitor DAC, 3.55 terminology, 3.57 timing, 3.54-55 SAR logic IC, invention, 1.25 SAR MicroConverter products, 8.178 SAR register logic IC, invention, 1.25 Sauerwald, Mark, 9.63 Sawtooth error waveform, 5.32-33 Scaled reference, 7.20-22 Schafer, R.W., 5.89 Scharf, Brad W., 4.19 Schelleng, J.C., 3.57-59 Schelleng, John, 3.9-10 Schelleng, John C., 3.36, 3.105 Schindler, H.R., 3.104 Schmid, Hermann, 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 Schmitt trigger, 8.37 Schoeff, John A., 3.37 Schoenwetter, Howard K., 5.25 Schottky diode, 1.24, 1.41, 2.94, 5.16, 5.76, 6.96-97, 7.88, 7.103, 9.34, 9.42-44, 9.94-96, 9.103, 9.108-109 Schownwetter, H.K., 5.87 Schreier, Richard, 3.138 Schultz, Thomas W., 8.191 Scott-T transformer, 3.101 SDA6020, 6-bit 50-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 SDC, synchro-to-digital converter, 3.91 SDC1700, synchro-to-digital converter, 1.46 Sears, R.W., 1.11, 1.18, 2.22, 3.47, 3.104 SECAM, 8.77 Segmentation, 3.18-23 Segmented ADC, 8.59 Segmented current-output DAC, diagrams, 3.21 Segmented DAC, 3.18-23, 8.59 Segmented unbuffered string DAC, 3.20 Seitzer, Dieter, 3.107 Selector, 3.57, 3.59 Semiconductor, junction temperature, 9.127 Semiconductor process, range, diagram, 4.28 Sensitivity, 8.119 Sensor, conditioning, 8.9 Sequential coder, 1.25, 3.57 Serial bit-per-stage binary ADC, 3.78-87 Serial data interface, 8.81 Serial-Gray converter, 3.81 Serial output, 2.112 Servo-loop tester, 5.36 computer-based, 5.36-38 diagram, 5.37 Servo-loop transition test, ADC, 5.35-36 Settling time, 2.46, 2.115, 3.80, 5.16-17, 5.76-77 ADC, 2.112, 5.76-77 DAC, 2.81, 2.81-82, 2.112, 5.13, 5.13-14 full-scale, definitions, 5.13-14 function of time constant, 2.75 measurement, 5.76 oscilloscope, 5.15 multiplexer, 2.74 output, 2.112 overdrive, 5.15 Settling time error, SHA, 7.95 74ACTQ240, Fairchild driver, 9.172 74FCT3807/A, IDT driver, 9.172 7400-series TTL logic, 4.11 7400TTL: transistor-transistor-logic, 1.23 RCA, 1.24 SFDR, 1.49, 1.55, 2.46, 2.51-53, 2.84, 2.113, 3.32, 5.17 12-bit DAC, sampling clock and output frequency, 5.22 ADC, 2.41 clock frequency, worst harmonic, 5.24 DAC, 2.83-86 measurement, 2.85 data converter, 6.3 measurement in DAC, 5.19 measurement with analog spectrum analyzer, 2.86-87 multi-tone, 2.56-57, 2.108 two tone, 2.115 SHA, 1.55, 2.24-26, 7.91 acquisition time, 8.33 in ADC, FFT processing gain, 2.43 amplifier, function, 2.24-26 aperture delay, 7.96 aperture delay time, 7.96 aperture jitter, 7.97 aperture uncertainty, 7.97 applications, 7.108-110 architectures, 7.102-105 open-loop, 7.102-103 basic operation, 7.93-94 circuit, 7.91-111 DAC deglitcher, 7.109 dielectric absorption, 7.100, 9.4 differential switching, 7.104 driving ADCs, 7.108 droop error, 3.67 effective aperture delay time, 7.96 error sources, 7.94 function, 2.25 hold mode, 2.25 hold mode specifications, 7.99-102 internal circuit, for IC ADCs, 7.104-108 minimizing DAC glitches, 7.108 multiple, data distribution system, 7.110 for simultaneous sampling, 7.109 output, jitter effects, 7.98 in pipelined delay, 7.110 sample mode, 2.25 in sampling, 2.24-26 Index 39 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION in SAR ADC, 3.53 settling time error, 3.67 specifications, 7.94 stray capacitance, 7.101 switched capacitor CMOS, circuit, 7.106 synchronous sampling clock delay, 7.97 track mode specifications, 7.94-95 bandwidth, 7.94 distortion, 7.95 gain, 7.94 noise, 7.95 nonlinearity, 7.94 offset, 7.94 settling time, 7.95 slew rate, 7.95 track-to-hold mode specifications, 7.95-99 versus THA, 2.25 virtual ground design, guard shield, 7.100 waveforms, 7.96 definitions, 2.69 SHA circuit, 7.91-111, 7.93 applications, 7.108-111 architectures, 7.102-105 basic operation, 7.93-94 history, 7.91-93 hold mode specification, 7.99-102 hold-to-track transition specifications, 7.102 internal circuits, 7.105-108 internal timing, 7.96 track mode specifications, 7.94-95 track-to-hold mode specifications, 7.95-99 Shadow mask: binary-coded, 1.12-13, 2.7 electron beam coder, for binary and Gray code, 1.12 Shannon decoder, 3.31 Shannon-Rack decoder, 1.11, 3.31 Shannon, C.E., 1.17, 1.18, 2.35, 2.90, 3.30 Shannon, Claude, 2.27 Shannon, Claude E., 3.107 SHARC DSP, 9.170, 9.174-175 bi-directional transmission, source termination, 9.175 Sheet resistance, calculation, 9.26 Sheingold, Dan, 1.33-34, 1.47, 2.1, 2.22, 2.91, 2.97, 2.116, 3.108, 3.112-113, 3.139, 4.2, 5.1, 5.25, 5.87, 5.88, 5.90, 7.26 Shielding, 9.1 absorption loss, 9.149 effectiveness, calculation, 9.150 magnetic field, 9.20 review, 9.148-151 Shockley, W., 1.19, 4.9 Shockley, William, 1.15, 4.3-4 Shunt, voltage reference, 7.2 Siemens, 1.52 Sigma-delta ADC, 2.112 advantages, 3.112 architecture, 3.112 Index 40 benefits, 8.1 timeline, 3.112 architecture timeline, 1.30 bandpass, 3.132-133 basics, 3.114-120 characteristics, 3.115 on chip features, 8.2 choice of name, 3.113-114 CMOS process, 4.15 decimation, 3.114 for digital audio, 8.64 digital filter, 2.74, 3.114, 3.125-126 in digital temperature sensor, 8.14 first-order, diagram, 3.117 modulator, idling patterns, 3.122 high-density digital VLSI, 3.114 high resolution, 3.127-131, 8.1 applications, 8.3 driving, 6.15-16 high speed clock, 9.30 linear, 8.59 modulator, 3.117 ENOB, 3.120 frequency domain linearized model, 3.119 quantization noise shaping, 3.120 repetitive bit pattern, 3.122 waveforms, 3.118 modulator loop, higher order, 3.123 multi-bit, 3.123-125 multiplexing inputs, 8.36-38 oversampling, 3.114 performance, chop mode disabled, 8.183 normal, 8.182 precision measurement, 8.2-6 quantization noise shaping, 3.114 second-order, modulator: block diagram, 3.120 idling patterns, 3.122 single and multibit, 3.111 SNR versus oversampling, loops, 3.121 switched capacitor input, circuit, 7.22 synchronous voltage-to-frequency converter, 3.118 Sigma-delta architecture, summary, 3.134-135 Sigma-delta converter, 3.109-140 ADC basics, 3.114-120 bandpass, 3.132-133 DAC, 3.133-134 high resolution measurement ADC, 3.127-131 higher order loop, 3.123 history, 3.109-114 idle tone, 3.121-123 multibit, 3.123-125 multistage noise shaping, 3.126-127 Sigma-delta DAC, 3.133-134 CMOS process, 4.15 INDEX for digital audio, 8.64 interpolation filter, 3.23 linear, 8.59 schematic, 3.133 Sigma-delta MicroConverters, 16-/24-bit, 1.65-66 SigmaDSP family, audio DACs, 8.68 Sign-magnitude code, 2.11, 2.14 Sign-magnitude converter, 2.14 Signal: aliasing, 2.27 in FFT, 5.52 undersampled, Nyquist zone, 2.34 Signal return current, 9.28-30 in PCB, 9.28-30 Signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio, see SINAD Signal-to-noise ratio, see SNR Signal trace routing, 9.18 correct, 9.19 Signetics, 1.33 Signetics 521, 3.49 Sikimoto, T., 3.37 Silence descriptor, 8.138 Silicon germanium, data converter role, 4.17 Silicon transistor, 4.4 Siliconix PAD/JPAD/SSTPAD series low leakage Pico-amp diodes, Vishay/Siliconix, 9.125 Simpson, Chester, 7.60 Simultaneous sampling system, 8.38-40 SINAD, 1.49, 1.55, 2.46, 2.103, 2.113, 5.28 calculation from SNR and THD, for DAC, 5.21 data converter, 6.3 FFT, noise and distortion, calculation, 5.64 FPBW, 2.99 signal-to-noise-and-distortion, 2.46, 2.48-50, 2.103, 2.113 Sinewave, probability density function, 5.42 Sinewave converter, 8.72 Sinewave curve fitting: for ADC ENOB, 5.49-50 test setup, 5.50 Sinewave generator, 5.82 Sinewave histogram DNL and INL, for ADC, 5.43-44 Sinewave input, low-distortion, 5.66-68 Singer, Larry, 2.90 Single-carrier narrowband system, 8.122 Single-carrier receiver, chart, 8.131 Single-ended current-to-voltage conversion, 6.73-75 Single-ended single-supply DC-coupled level shifter, diagram, 6.12 Single-ended to differential conversion, using RF transformer, 6.97 Single loop upconversion, 8.170 Single NPN, pass device, 7.31-32 Single PNP, pass device, 7.31-32 Single-pole switch, 3.4 Single-shot mode, 6.49-50 Single-slope conversion, 2.113 Skew glitch, 3.20 Skin effect, 9.46-48, 9.49 PCB, 9.46-48 Skinny connection, 9.32 Slattery, Colm, 8.175 Sleep, 6.48-50 ADC status, 3.41 Slew rate, 2.113 Slewing time, DAC, 2.81 Slope clipping, 3.110 Small signal bandwidth, 2.50 Smith, B., 3.37 Smith, B.D., 1.28, 3.9-10, 3.13, 3.26, 3.36, 3.59, 3.81, 3.105, 3.106 Smith, B.K., 3.9 Smith, Bruce K., 3.36 Smith, D.B., 3.78 Smith, Steven W., 5.89 SMPTE 125M, 8.104 SMPTE 170M, monochrome television standard, 8.76 SMPTE 244M, 8.104 standard for NTSC signals, 8.78 SMPTE 259M, 8.104 standard for NTSC signals, 8.78, 8.81 SMPTE 292M, 8.104 Snelgrove, M., 3.138 SNR, 1.49, 1.55, 2.72, 5.17, 5.28 ADC, aperture and sampling clock jitter effects, 2.71 sampling clock jitter effect, 9.39 and broadband aperture jitter, 6.83 DAC, 2.83-86 spectrum analyzer, 5.20 data converter, 6.3 degradation from jitter, 9.39 digital audio, 8.60-61 FFT, values, 5.66 measurement with analog spectrum analyzer, 2.86-87 sampling clock jitter effects, 7.98 signal-to-noise ratio, 2.39, 2.46, 2.48-50, 5.17 theoretical, 2.39 total, equation, 2.72-73 without harmonics, 2.113 Soakage, 9.3 Socket, 9.200, 9.205-206 low-profile, 9.205 problems, 9.205-206 Sockolov, Steve, 9.23 Sodini, C.G., 3.137 Softcell family, 8.134, 8.136 SoftFone chipset, 8.140-145 SoftFone radio chipsets, 8.140-145 Software radio, 8.107-145 ADC dynamic range, dither, 8.126-131 Index 41 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION evolution, 8.108 IF sampling, 8.107-157 receiver, digital baseband processing, 8.109-110 SOIC guard layout, 9.56 Solder-Mount: breadboarding system, 9.202 prototyping, 9.202-203 board, 9.203 Solid-state: key developments, 1.15, 4.4 and op amp, history, 1.13-16 Solomon, Jim, 7.60 Sonet/SDH OC-48, using AD8152, 7.83-84 SOT-223 packaging, reduction, 7.51 Souders, T. Michael, 5.88 Souders, Thomas, 5.87 Southern and F-Dyne film capacitors, 9.23 Span, 2.104 Sparkle code, 1.52, 2.76-80, 3.45 ADC, 2.76-80 SPDT switch, 3.3 Specification MIL-PRF-123B, 9.23 Specification MIL-PRF-19978G, 9.23 Specifications, definitions, 2.97-117 Spectral leakage, ADC testing, 5.55 Spectral output, code-dependent glitches, effect, 2.84 Spectrum: in-band SFDR, 2.51 out-of-band SFDR, 2.51 Spectrum analyzer: DAC distortion and SNR measurement, 5.20 sensitivity to input overdrive, 5.68 Speech decoder, 8.136 Speech encoder, 8.136 SPI, serial interface, 6.51 Sprague, Clarence A., 3.36 Spread-spectrum, 8.116 Spurious free dynamic range, 2.113, 5.17 Stability, 2.113 Staffin, R., 3.104 Staffin, Robert, 3.48 Staircase, 2.113 Staircase generator, 5.82 Standard IPC-2141, 9.178 Standby mode, 6.48, 6.50 ADC status, 3.41 Staniforth, Alan, 9.178 Star ground, 9.31, 9.34 Stata, Ray, 1.24, 1.33, 1.47, 4.11 Static error, DAC, measurement methods, 5.1 Status, 2.101 Stewart, James W., 8.191 Stop, Russell, 3.107, 7.111 Straight binary, coding scheme, 2.14 Strain gage, 2.2 Stray capacitance, 9.58-59 PCBs, 9.57-59 Index 42 SHA, 7.101 Stray inductance, 9.17 String DAC, 3.4, 3.18 architecture for digital potentiometer, 8.49 INL, 5.11 INL trimming, 3.6 no superposition, 5.10 resistors, 3.6 unbuffered, segmented, 3.19-20 Strip inductance, 9.17 Stroud, Tim, 8.105 Submicron CMOS, 4.14 Subranging ADC, 2.113, 3.11, 3.61-78, 3.88 Subranging converter, 2.104 Substrate PNP, 4.11 Successive approximation, see SAR Superheterodyne, 8.108, 8.142-143 Superhomodyne, 8.142-144 Superposition: DAC, bit errors, 5.5 DNL and INL, 5.6 Supply range, 7.17-18 Supply voltage, 4.21 shrinking, effects, 4.27 Susskind, Alfred K., 2.116, 3.139, 5.90 SVFC: clock frequency, 3.94 nonlinearity, 3.95 problems, 3.94 quantization, 3.95 synchronous VFC, 3.93-94 temperature stability, 3.94 waveforms, 3.95 SVGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 Swanson, E.J., 3.137 Swart, Leland K., 3.36 Sweetland, Karl, 3.36, 3.137 Switch: from Analog Devices, 7.84-85 CMOS, 1-GHz, 7.78-79 application, 7.73-78 basics, 7.62-64 error sources, 7.65-73 CMOS and DMOS, 1.41 digital crosspoint, 7.83-84 hold mode, 6.19-20 track mode, 6.19-20 video, and multiplexers, 7.80-82 video crosspoint, 7.82-83 Switch capacitance, 7.70 Switches and multiplexer, CMOS process, 7.62 Switching regulator, 9.79-80 analog ready, 9.82 capacitor, 9.82-85 peak amplitudes, 9.82 power supply noise, reducing, 9.82 Switching time, 2.114, 8.28 INDEX DAC, 2.81 Switching transients, charge-balance VFC, 3.93 SXGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 Symmetric stripline, 9.167 capacitance, 9.168 transmission line, 9.167-168 formation, 9.168 Sync, 1.53 Synchro, 2.2, 3.99-103 diagram, 3.100 Synchro ADC, 3.99-103 Synchro-to-digital converter, 3.91 Synchronous sampling clock delay, SHA, 7.97 Synchronous VFC, 3.91, 3.93 System Management Bus, 8.21 T T-1 carrier system, Bell Labs, 1.16 T-Carrier digital transmission system, 8.137 T-Tech, Inc., 9.213 Tadewald, T., 9.23, 9.63 Talambiras, Robert P., 1.31, 3.36, 3.105, 3.107 Tan, Nianxiong Nick, 2.117, 3.140, 5.91 Tan, N.N., 8.157 Tantalum and Ceramic Surface Mount Capacitor Catalog, 9.23 Tantalum capacitor, 9.8 Tantalum Electrolytic and Ceramic Capacitor Families, 9.91 Tant, M.J., 2.90 Tartaglia, mathematician, 3.56 TDC-1007J: 8-bit 30-MSPS video-speed flash ADC, 1.40, 1.45, 1.52 TRW LSI Division, 3.49 TDC-1014J: 6-bit 30-MSPS video-speed flash ADC, 1.40, 1.45 TRW LSI Division, 3.49 TDC-1016J, 6-bit 30-MSPS flash ADC, 1.40, 1.52 TDC-1048, 8-bit 30-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 TDM, telegraph, 1.4 Teal, Gordon, 4.3-4 Teflon capacitor, 9.8 Tektronix, Inc., 5.25 Teledyne Philbrick, 1.33 Telegraph, electric, history, 1.3 Telegraph multiplexing system, 1.3 Telephone: cellular, handsets, 8.136-139 most significant communication event, 1.3 NPR, 5.69 patent, 1.4 Television, standard interlace format, 8.75 Telmos, 1.52 Temes, Gabor C., 2.116, 3.137, 3.139, 5.90 Tempco: gain, 2.114 linearity, 2.114 offset, 2.115 Temperature, capacitor, 9.6 Temperature coefficient, 2.113, 2.114 Temperature measurement, digital, direct, 8.14-19 Temperature retrace, resistor, 9.11 Temperature sensor, microprocessor substrate, 8.19-22 10 percent white, 1.53 Testability, 4.22 Tewksbury, Stuart K., 5.87 Texas Instruments, 1.15, 1.24, 4.3-4 THA, 2.25 for deglitching DAC, 3.32 Thandi, Gurgit, 9.91 THD, 2.46-48, 2.106, 3.32, 5.17, 5.28 data converter, 6.3 THD+N, 2.46-48, 2.106, 5.17 data converter, 6.3 digital audio, 8.60-61 Theoretical SNR, jitter, 6.84 Thermal basics, 9.127-128 Thermal Coastline packaging, 7.39, 7.48-49 Thermal EMF, 9.12 Thermal management, 9.127-139 basics, 9.127-128 Thermal noise, 8.124, 9.14-15 Thermal rating curves: for BATWING and PSOP3 packages, 9.131 for standard and ADI Thermal Coastline 8-pin SOIC pppackages, 9.130 Thermal relationships, table, 9.128 Thermal resistance, 9.127 considerations, 9.131 junction and ambient air, 9.128 Thermal tail, 2.115 Thermal turbulence, 9.14 Thermocouple, 2.2 conditioning, 8.12-14 effect, 9.12 EMF, effects, diagram, 9.13 measurement design, 8.13-14 resistor, diagram, 9.13 type K, conditioning, 8.12-14 Thermoelectric effect, 9.12-14 Thermometer DAC, 3.6-9 3-bit, in current-output segmented DAC, 3.21 current output, diagram, 3.7 high speed, current outputs, 3.8 Thevenin impedance, 9.172 Thick film resistor, 9.16 Thin film laser trimming, sigma-delta ADC, 3.124 Thin-film resistor, 9.16 in in-amp, 9.105 process, 4.11-12 Thin-film wafer trimmed resistor, 4.12 Threshold, 2.104 THS-0025, 25-ns SHA, 1.46 THS-0300, 300-ns SHA, 1.46 TIA/EIA-644-A Standard, 9.179 Index 43 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION Time division multiplexing, see TDM Time-interleaved ADC: digital post-processor, 8.146-155 matching requirements, 8.150 Time interleaving, 8.146, 8.154 Time-skew, 2.102 Timing, data converter, 2.95-96 TLM1070, 7-bit 20-MSPS flash ADC, 1.52 TMP05/TMP06: data sheet, 8.26 digital output sensor, 8.14-17 circuit, 8.15 output format, 8.15 TMP06, digital output sensor, interfaced to microcontroller, 8.16 Tolerance, 7.15, 7.18 capacitor, 9.6 Total harmonic distortion, see THD Total harmonic distortion plus noise, see THD+N Total unadjusted error, 2.115 Touchscreen: construction, 8.100 digitizer, 8.100-103 voltages, absolute and ratiometric measurements, 8.101 Touchscreen digitizer, 8.100-103 Trace, embedding, 9.169 Track-and-hold, see THA Track-and-hold circuit, 7.91 Track mode distortion, 7.101 Tracking ADC, 3.90-91 Transfer function: data converter, graphs, 2.14 folding stage, 3.81 Transformer coupling, 6.24 Transient error, SHA, 7.95 Transient response, 2.73, 2.73-75, 2.115, 8.33 Transient voltage suppressor, 9.109, 9.124 Transistor, germanium, invention, 1.14 Transistor-transistor logic, 2.2 Transmission line, 9.48-49, 9.165 clock distribution, 9.174 PCB, as controlled impedance conductor, 9.48 single, end termination, 9.175 symmetric stripline, PCB, 9.167-168 termination guidelines, 9.169-170 Transmission Systems for Communications, 1.17 Transmit DAC, 1.58 TransZorb, 9.124 clamp, 9.106 General Semiconductor, Inc., 9.126 Travis, Bill, 8.191 Trench-isolation, 9.111 CMOS switch, 7.89 Triboelectric effect, 9.117 TrimDAC, 1.58, 9.15 Trimming, 4.8, 4.11 ADC, 3.39 laser wafer, 4.12 Index 44 Trimpot, 9.15 Triple-slope architecture, in ADC, 3.97 TRW LSI Division, 1.33, 1.40, 1.45, 1.52 TTE, elliptic filters, 2.30 TTE, Inc., 2.35 TTL, 1.41, 2.2 standards, 9.184 Tukey, J.W., 5.89 Tunnel diode, 3.48 Turney, William J., 3.138 Two-converter interleaved FFT plot, 8.149 Two-converter time-interleaved 12-bit 400-MSPS ADC, 8.148 Two-tone intermodulation distortion, 2.46, 2.53 Two-tone SFDR, 2.115 2N5457, JFET diode, 9.95-96 2502: 8-bit serial SAR IC, 1.41 Advanced Micro Devices and National Semiconductor, 1.25 2503: 8-bit serial expandable SAR IC, 1.41 Advanced Micro Devices and National Semiconductor, 1.25 2504: 12-bit serial expandable SAR IC, 1.41-42 Advanced Micro Devices and National Semiconductor, 1.25 Twos complement code, 2.9, 2.11, 2.14 TxDAC, 1.57, 1.58, 4.25, 6.66, 6.70 clock-rate dependent power dissipation, 9.138 CMOS process, 4.15 communications, 5.13, 5.18 current switching, 3.22 interpolating, oversampling, block diagram, 2.89 testing, 5.46 in wideband radio, 8.132 Type 5MC Metallized Polycarbonate Capacitor, Electronic Concepts, Inc., 9.91 Type EXC L leadless ferrite bead, 9.91 Type EXCEL leaded ferrite bead, 9.91 Type HFQ Alumninum Elecrolytic Capacitor, Panasonic, 9.91 Type K thermocouple, 8.12-14 U U-matic, videotape recorders, 8.62 Undersampling, 2.31-32 antialiasing filter, 2.33-34 and oversampling, process gain, 2.40-41 Understanding Common Mode Noise, 9.178 Unipolar converter, 2.14-15 zero TC, 2.114 UNIVAC computer, invention, 1.21 Upmall, 8.156 UXGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 INDEX V Vacuum tube: data converter, 4.1-3 invention, 4.1 patent, 1.13 and op amp, history, 1.13-16 Vacuum tube binary DAC, 3.9 Van de Grift, Rob E.J., 3.107 Van de Plassche, R.J., 3.136 Van de Plassche, Rudy, 2.116-117, 3.139, 3.140, 5.90-91 Van de Plassche, Rudy J., 3.107 Van de Weg, H., 3.136 Van der Veen, Martien, 3.107 Van Doren, A., 1.31, 5.87 Van Mierlo, S., 3.109, 3.136 Variable frequency oscillator, see VFO Variable phase shifter, in locked-histogram ADC test setup, 5.71 Vassalli, Luca, 8.191 VCXO, voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, 6.91 Vector Electronic Company, 9.213 Vectorscope, 5.80 Veen, Martien van der, 3.107 Velazquez, S., 8.157 Verster, T.C., 3.64, 3.106 Vertical sync, 8.76 VFC, 2.104, 3.91-96, 8.14 applications, 3.96 charge-balance, 3.91 current-steering multivibrator, 3.91 waveforms, 3.95 VFO, 3.91 VGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 VHS-630, 6-bit 30-MSPS flash converter, Computer Labs Inc., 3.49 VHS-675, 6-bit 75-MSPS flash converter, Computer Labs Inc., 3.49 Video, analog and digital standards, 8.80 Video crosspoint switch, 7.82-83 Video DAC, properties, 8.88 Video decoder, specifications, 8.85 Video encoder, specifications, 8.85 Video RAM-DAC, 8.87, 8.90-91 Video switch, 7.80-82 Video testing, 5.78-83 ADC, 5.78-83 Vishay/Dale Resistors, 9.24 Vishay/Siliconix, 9.125 Viswanathan, T.R., 3.106 Viterbi coding, 8.137 Viterbi decoding, 8.137 Vito, Tom, 2.90 VLSI mixed-signal CMOS processing, 8.33 VM-700, Tektronix, 5.19 VM-5000, Tektronix, 5.19 Vocoder, 1.10 Voice activity detector, 8.138 Voiceband ADC, sigma-delta, 8.139 Voiceband codec, 8.65, 8.139 Voiceband digital audio, beginnings, 8.59 Voiceband telcom digital audio: diagram, 8.60 standards, 8.60 Voldicon VF7, 8-bit 1-MSPS sampling ADC, Adage, 1.24 Voltage-adjustable regulator, 9.68-69 Voltage compliance, 9.185 voltage tolerance, 9.185 internal, 9.195-196 Voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, 6.91 phase noise, 6.92 Voltage converter: charge-pump, 9.74-75 regulated output, 9.75-77 Voltage doubler, 9.74 Voltage drop: analysis, 9.28 signal leads, 9.27-28 Voltage follower protection circuit, 9.96-98 Voltage inverter, 9.74 Voltage-mode binary-weighted resistor DAC, 3.10 Voltage reference, 1.35 architectures, characteristics, 7.14 capacitive decoupling, 6.81 data converter, 6.79-81, 7.1-26 DC specifications, table, 7.18 design specifics, 6.81 drift, 7.16, 7.18 large capacitive load, 7.23 line sensitivity, 7.17-18 load sensitivity, 7.17-18 low noise, 7.24-25 noise, 7.18-20 precision, 7.1-2 issues, 7.1-2 pulse current response, 7.22-24 scaled reference, 7.20-22 shunt, 7.2 specifications, 7.15-25 standard hookup, diagram, 7.15 supply range, 7.17-18 temperature drift, accuracy, table, 7.16 three-terminal, 7.2 tolerance, 7.15, 7.18 transient loads, 7.23 trim, 7.14 two-terminal, 7.2 types, 7.2-4 Voltage regulator: block diagram, 7.30 current underload, 7.29 grounding, 9.78-81 linear, Index 45 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION basics, 7.27-31, 9.66-68 low dropout, 7.27-60 low dropout, 9.70-74 adjustable voltage, 9.72-74 fixed voltage, 9.71-72 pass device, types, 7.31 pole-splitting topology, 7.42 positive leg series style, 7.27 thre terminal, circuit, 7.28 Voltage sensing, feedback, 9.27-28 Voltage sensitivity, resistor, 9.14 Voltage-to-frequency converter, see VFC Voltage tolerance, 9.185 voltage compliance, 9.185 internal, 9.195-196 W Wadell, Brian C., 9.179 Wainwright Instruments, 9.202 Wainwright Instruments GmbH, 9.213 Wainwright Instruments Inc., 9.213 Waldhauer, F.D., 3.106 Waldhaur, W.D., 3.84 Waltman, Ron, 2.90 Water metering system, binary weighted, 1.2 Waveform generator, 5.17 WCDMA, 2.57-58 Weaver, Lindsay A., 8.175 Weg, H. Van de, 3.136 Weigh scale: analysis, using AD7730, 8.6-7 design analysis, 8.6-12 load cell characteristics, 8.7 fullscale output, 8.7 Welland, D.R., 3.137 Wenzel Associates, Inc., 6.98, 9.39 Wesco film capacitors, 9.23 Western Electric, 1.14 Wheable, Desmond, 3.108 Wide code, errors, 2.20 Wideband, definition, 8.114 Wideband DCMA, 2.57-58 Wideband digital receiver, 8.114-126 Wideband radio: transmission, 8.132-136 transmitter, 8.132 architectures, 8.132 Widlar, Bob, 1.24, 4.11, 7.26, 7.60 Wikner, J. Jacob, 2.117, 3.140, 5.91 Wikner, J.J., 8.157 Wilhelm, Tim, 5.88 Williams, Jim, 9.213 Williamson, Russell, 8.191 Williams, Tim, 9.178 Window function, 5.57-58 Index 46 characteristics, 5.58 comparison, 5.59 frequency response, 5.58 Windowing, to reduce spectral leakage, 5.57 Wire inductance, 9.17 Wire microstrip, 9.165 Wireless air interface standards, wideband ADC requirements, table, 8.126 Wireless communication: evolution, chart, 8.116 standards, 8.116 Wirewound resistor, 9.16 Witte, Robert A., 2.90 Wold, Ivar, 1.47, 3.108 Wold, Peter I., 3.36 Wong, James, 9.23, 9.178 Wong, Thick C., 5.88 Woodward, Charles E., 2.90, 3.104 Wooley, B.A., 3.137 Wooley, Bruce, 3.137 Word, 2.2 Worst harmonic, 2.46-48 data converter, 6.3 Worst other spur, 2.115 Wrathall repeater, germanium transistors, 1.14-15 Wrathall, L.R., 1.14-15, 1.19 Wurcer, Scott, 9.23 X XFCB: high-speed complementary bipolar process, 1.61 for producing converters, 4.12 XFET, 6.80 reference, 7.11-15, 7.16 characteristics, 7.14 XGA, electronic display standard, 8.86 Y Yasuda, Y., 3.136 Yester, Francis R., Jr., 3.138 Yield, 4.22 Young, F.M., 1.31 Young, Joe, 3.107, 7.111 Z Zeltex, Inc., 1.24, 1.33 Zener diode, 1.24, 1.35, 1.39, 1.41, 1.42, 3.17, 7.3-4, 7.11, 7.19, 9.96-97, 9.106, 9.109, 9.124 monolithic, 7.3 Zeoli, G.W., 2.90 Zero error, 2.97 Zero TC, 2.114 Zuch, Eugene L., 2.116, 3.139, 5.87, 5.90 Zumbahlen, Hank, 8.58 INDEX ANALOG DEVICES' PARTS INDEX AD2S90, 3.103 AD29x, 7.20 AD38x, 7.15 AD39x, 7.15 AD42x, 7.20 AD43x, 7.20 AD52xx-series, 1.58 AD260, 9.114 AD261, 9.114 AD376, 1.53 AD386, 7.92 AD390, 1.50 AD431, 7.25 AD480, 4.12 AD510, 7.21 AD512, 7.21 AD550, 1.25-26, 1.38, 1.41, 3.15-17, 4.6 AD558, 1.50 AD561, 1.35, 1.38 AD562, 1.35, 1.38, 1.41, 1.42, 4.8 AD563, 1.35, 1.41 AD565, 1.35, 1.38, 1.39-40, 1.41, 4.8 AD565A, 1.35 AD569, 1.50 AD570, 1.39 AD571, 1.38, 1.40, 4.12 AD572, 1.42, 4.6-7 AD574, 1.39-40, 1.51, 1.59, 2.24, 3.41, 4.12, 6.49, 7.24, 7.92, 8.29 AD574A, 1.63 AD580, 7.5-6 AD582, 7.92 AD583, 7.92 AD584, 7.6 AD585, 7.92 AD586, 7.16, 7.18, 7.20 AD587, 7.19, 7.20 AD588, 7.15-16, 7.17-18 AD589, 7.5, 7.6, 7.20-21 AD592, 8.184-185 AD620, 8.9, 9.105-107, 9.161-162 AD621, 9.161-162 AD622, 9.161-162 AD623, 9.52, 9.108, 9.161 AD627, 9.108, 9.161 AD629, 9.51, 9.98-99 AD670, 1.51 AD671, 1.60 AD673, 1.51 AD674, 1.51 AD680, 7.5, 7.17 AD684, 7.91, 7.92 AD688, 7.17 AD768, 6.73 AD770, 1.52 AD780, 6.23, 7.5, 7.15, 7.17-18, 7.18, 7.24, 8.47, 8.184-185 AD781, 7.91 AD783, 7.91, 7.92 AD795, 9.100-101 AD797, 6.15, 7.20, 9.105, 9.156 AD817, 9.133 AD820, 8.47, 9.97 AD820/822, 7.21 AD827, 9.156 AD845, 9.156 AD850, 1.25-26, 1.41, 3.16-17 AD872, 1.61, 1.63 AD974, 3.60, 6.18 AD976, 6.18 AD977, 6.18 AD51xx-series, 1.58 AD76xx-series, 6.18 AD77xx-series, 6.15-16, 7.24-25, 9.30 AD92xx-series, 6.21, 6.29-30 AD158x-series, 7.18 AD185x-series, 3.133 AD746x-series, 6.18 AD771x-series, 1.62, 1.63 AD789x-series, 1.62, 6.18, 6.19 AD813x-series, 6.31, 6.33-34, 6.75 AD922x-series, 6.22 AD974x, 8.136 AD976x, 1.57 AD976x-series, 6.70 AD977x, 1.57 AD977x-series, 3.22, 6.70 AD978x, 8.136 AD978x-series, 8.135 AD985x, 8.171 AD985x-series, 3.22, 9.138 AD987x, 1.57 AD1170, 3.96 AD1175, 1.53, 1.54 AD1332, 1.53 AD1377, 1.53, 1.54 AD1382, 1.64 AD1385, 1.64 AD1580, 7.5, 7.6-7, 7.20-21 AD1582, 7.7 AD1582-1585 series, 7.5, 7.7, 7.15, 7.17, 7.23 AD1671, 1.60, 1.63 AD1674, 1.59, 1.63 AD1833, 8.70 AD1833C, 8.70 AD1834, 8.70 AD1835A, 8.70 AD1836A, 8.70 AD1836AC, 8.70 AD1837A, 8.70 Index 47 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION AD1838A, 8.70 AD1839A, 8.69-70, 8.70 AD1852, 8.67 AD1853, 3.134, 6.75-76, 8.67 AD1854J, 8.67 AD1854K, 8.67 AD1855, 8.67 AD1856, 1.50 AD1857, 1.57, 1.58 AD1858, 1.57, 1.58 AD1859, 1.57, 1.58 AD1860, 1.50 AD1862, 3.32-33 AD1865, 1.56 AD1871, 3.124, 8.66 AD1879, 3.123 AD1890, 8.72 AD1896, 8.72 AD1938, 8.70 AD1953, 8.68 AD1955, 3.134, 8.66, 8.67 AD5170, 8.54 AD5172, 8.53-54 AD5173, 8.53-54, 8.56 AD5227, 8.56 AD5231, 5.11 AD5235, 5.11, 8.52-53 AD5245, 8.50-51, 8.55 AD5246, 8.50-51 AD5247, 8.50-51 AD5251, 8.52 AD5252, 8.52 AD5253, 8.52 AD5254, 8.52 AD5300, 8.42 AD5310, 8.42 AD5320, 8.42-43 AD5322, 6.62-64 AD5340, 6.64-65 AD5379, 8.44-45 AD5380, 1.65-66 AD5381, 1.65-66 AD5382, 1.65-66 AD5383, 1.65-66 AD5390, 1.65 AD5391, 1.65 AD5516, 8.44 AD5533B, 8.45-46 AD5535, 9.210, 9.211 AD5541, 8.47 AD5545/AD5555, 6.74 AD5570, 8.43 AD5660, 8.43 AD6521, 8.141 AD6522, 8.141 AD6600, 8.111, 8.131 AD6620, 8.111, 8.131, 8.136 AD6622, 8.135, 8.136 AD6623, 8.135, 8.136 Index 48 AD6624, 8.111, 8.131 AD6630, 8.131 AD6633, 8.135, 8.136 AD6634, 8.111, 8.131, 8.136 AD6635, 8.131, 8.136 AD6636, 8.131, 8.136 AD6640, 8.131 AD6640/44/45, 8.136 AD6644, 3.85, 8.131 AD6645, 1.65-66, 2.51-53, 2.56-57, 2.58, 2.64-66, 2.73, 3.77-78, 3.85, 4.12, 6.27-28, 6.38-40, 6.83, 6.97, 7.107, 8.117-120, 8.122-125, 8.128-129, 8.131, 8.146, 9.137-138 AD6650, 8.111, 8.131 AD6652, 8.111, 8.131 AD6654, 8.131 AD7001, 1.62, 1.63 AD7008, 1.57-58 AD7111, 2.112, 3.27-28 AD7226, 1.50 AD7240, 1.50 AD7245, 1.50 AD7311, 8.84 AD7450, 9.210 AD7450A, 6.35 AD7466, 6.17, 6.51-52 AD7467, 6.17, 6.51 AD7468, 6.17, 6.51 AD7482, 3.60 AD7484, 3.60 AD7490, 3.60 AD7500-series, 7.62 AD7520, 1.36, 1.38, 4.13 AD7524, 1.37-38, 1.38 AD7528, 1.50 AD7535, 1.50 AD7541, 1.36, 1.38 AD7545, 1.50 AD7546, 1.50 AD7550, 1.38, 1.40 AD7568, 1.56-57, 1.58 AD7570, 1.38, 1.40 AD7572, 1.51 AD7575, 1.51 AD7579, 1.51 AD7582, 1.51 AD7621, 1.65-66, 3.60, 3.61 AD7664, 1.65 AD7674, 1.65-66, 3.60-61, 6.42-43 AD7675, 3.61 AD7676, 3.61 AD7677, 3.60, 6.41-42 AD7678, 3.61 AD7679, 3.61 AD7710, 7.24-25 AD7730, 1.62, 1.63, 3.127-130, 6.15, 6.79, 8.2-6, 8.6-12, 8.9, 9.210 AD7732, 8.37 AD7734, 8.37 INDEX AD7738, 8.37 AD7739, 8.36-38 AD7793, 8.12-14 AD7820, 1.51 AD7821, 1.51 AD7840, 1.50 AD7846, 1.50 AD7853/AD7853L, 6.55 AD7853L, 6.55-56 AD7854/AD7854L, 6.59-61 AD7865, 8.39-40 AD7870, 1.51 AD7871, 1.51 AD7873, 8.102 AD7880, 1.59, 1.63 AD7890-10, 6.18-19, 9.109 AD7908/AD7918/AD7928, 8.34-35 AD7928, 3.60 AD7938/AD7939, 8.35-36 AD7943, 3.2 AD8001, 9.207-209 AD8016, 9.130-133 AD8017, 9.133 AD8017AR, 9.127-130 AD8018, 7.82 AD8021, 6.41-43 AD8027, 6.8, 6.23 AD8028, 6.8, 6.30 AD8031, 6.23, 6.43 AD8032, 6.30 AD8038, 6.37 AD8055, 6.72, 6.74 AD8057, 6.12, 6.13-15, 6.23, 9.133 AD8058, 6.13-15, 6.29-30, 9.133 AD8061, 6.23, 6.72-73 AD8062, 6.30 AD8074, 7.85 AD8075, 7.85 AD8091, 6.23 AD8092, 6.30 AD8108, 7.85 AD8109, 7.85 AD8110, 7.82, 7.85 AD8111, 7.82, 7.85 AD8113, 7.82, 7.85 AD8114, 7.82, 7.85 AD8115, 7.82, 7.85 AD8116, 7.82-83, 7.85 AD8130, 6.34 AD8131, 6.35 AD8132, 6.34, 6.35 AD8137, 6.35-36 AD8138, 6.35-37 AD8139, 6.35, 6.38, 6.38-39, 6.42-44 AD8150, 7.85 AD8151, 7.85 AD8152, 7.83-84, 7.85 AD8170, 7.80, 7.85 AD8174, 7.80, 7.82, 7.85 AD8180, 7.80, 7.85 AD8182, 7.80, 7.85 AD8183, 7.80-81, 7.82 AD8184, 7.82, 7.85 AD8185, 7.80-81, 7.82, 7.85 AD8186, 7.80-81, 7.82, 7.85 AD8187, 7.80-81, 7.82, 7.85 AD8346, 4.25-26 AD8349, 8.134-135, 8.136 AD8350, 8.131 AD8351, 6.38-40 AD8370, 6.41 AD8402, 1.58 AD8403, 1.58 AD8515, 6.18 AD8517, 6.18 AD8531, 6.7 AD8531/32/34, 7.21 AD8532, 6.7 AD8534, 6.7 AD8541/42/44, 7.21 AD8551, 9.50, 9.56 AD8610, 9.103 AD8628, 6.74 AD8631, 6.18 AD8800, 1.58 AD9000, 1.52 AD9002, 1.52 AD9003, 1.53 AD9005, 1.53, 1.54 AD9006/AD9016, 1.52 AD9008, 1.58 AD9012, 1.52 AD9014, 1.64 AD9020, 1.52 AD9028/AD9038, 1.52 AD9032, 1.65-66 AD9042, 1.61, 1.63, 1.64, 3.75-76, 3.85, 4.12, 7.106-107 AD9048, 1.52 AD9054, 1.62 AD9054A, 3.86 AD9058, 1.52 AD9060, 1.52 AD9100, 7.92 AD9101, 7.92 AD9109, 7.82 AD9220, 1.61, 1.63 AD9221, 1.61, 1.63 AD9223, 1.61, 1.63 AD9225, 3.76, 6.20-21, 6.24 AD9226, 2.49, 8.131, 8.136 AD9229, 6.52-54 AD9235, 3.69, 3.76-77, 6.36-37 AD9235/38, 8.131 AD9236, 5.43-44 AD9244, 8.136 AD9245, 9.134-135 AD9245/AD9444, 8.131 Index 49 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION AD9289, 6.52-54 AD9410, 3.51-53 AD9430, 2.60, 3.69, 3.76-77, 5.61-62, 5.70, 6.26-27, 6.57-59, 8.146, 9.136-137, 9.176, 9.211 AD9432, 8.131 AD9432/33, 8.136 AD9433, 6.41 AD9444, 8.136 AD9444/45, 8.131 AD9480, 3.49 AD9700, 1.50 AD9712, 1.57 AD9720, 1.57 AD9726, 6.66 AD9744, 5.22-23, 8.135 AD9754, 8.136 AD9772, 8.135 AD9772A, 8.135, 8.136 AD9773, 2.89 AD9775, 2.89, 3.22 AD9777, 2.84-86, 2.89, 4.25-26, 8.135, 9.138 AD9784/86, 8.135 AD9786, 8.133-134 AD9814, 8.99 AD9816, 8.99 AD9822, 8.99 AD9826, 8.99 AD9830, 8.168 AD9831, 8.168 AD9832, 8.168 AD9833, 8.167, 8.168 AD9834, 8.166-168, 8.168 AD9835, 8.168 AD9850, 1.57, 8.171 AD9851, 5.22, 8.171 AD9852, 8.171 AD9853, 8.174 AD9854, 8.171 AD9856, 8.174 AD9857, 8.171, 8.173, 8.174 AD9858, 1.65-66, 8.168-171, 8.171 AD9859, 8.173 AD9860/AD9862, 4.29 AD9877, 4.23, 4.25 AD9879, 4.23, 4.25 AD9887A, 8.93-94 AD9888, 8.91-92 AD9898, 8.99 AD9951, 8.173 AD9952, 8.173 AD9953, 8.173 AD9954, 8.171-172, 8.173 AD10242, 1.64 AD10678, 1.65-66 AD12400, 1.65-66, 8.152-154, 8.152-155 AD74122, 8.65 AD20msp430, 8.140-141 ADC-12QZ, 1.44, 1.46, 4.6 ADC-12U, 1.24, 1.25 Index 50 ADC80, 1.43 ADC1130, 1.46 ADC1140, 1.53 ADE775x-series, 1.63, 8.22 ADE7755, 8.23-25 ADF41xx-series, 6.92 ADF4001, 6.92 ADF4360, 6.93 ADG2xx-series, 7.85 ADG4xx-series, 7.85 ADG5xx-series, 7.85 ADG6xx-series, 7.85 ADG7xx-series, 7.85 ADG8xx-series, 7.85 ADG9xx-series, 7.85 ADG200-series, 7.62 ADG201-series, 7.62 ADG412, 7.71 ADG438F, 7.85, 9.99 ADG439F, 7.85, 7.89, 9.99 ADG465, 9.98, 9.107, 9.110 ADG466, 9.98, 9.110-111 ADG467, 9.98, 9.110 ADG508F, 7.85, 7.89, 9.99 ADG509F, 7.85, 7.89, 9.99 ADG528F, 7.85, 7.89 ADG708, 7.68, 7.72 ADG725, 7.61 ADG726, 7.61 ADG731, 7.61 ADG732, 7.61 ADG801/ADG802, 7.64 ADG918, 7.78-79 ADG919, 7.78-79 ADG3xxx-series, 7.85 ADG12xx-series, 7.85 ADG14xx-series, 7.85 ADG32xx-series, 7.84 ADG314x-series, 9.189 ADG324x-series, 9.191 ADG3231, 9.188-189, 9.191 ADG3233, 9.191 ADG3241, 9.190 ADG3242, 9.190 ADG3243, 9.190 ADG3245, 9.190 ADG3246, 9.190, 9.194 ADG3247, 9.190 ADG3248, 9.190 ADG3249, 9.190 ADG3257, 9.186-189 ADMxxx-E series, 9.124 ADM1023, 8.19-22 ADM8830, 9.75 ADM8839, 9.75 ADM8840, 9.75 ADP33xx-series, 9.70-71 ADP330x-series, 7.39-40 ADP333x-series, 7.39-40 INDEX ADP3300, 7.43-46, 7.48, 9.71-72 ADP3300-5, 7.46 ADP3301, 7.43-44, 9.71-72 ADP3302, 7.43-44 ADP3303, 7.43-44, 9.72 ADP3303A, 9.72 ADP3307, 7.43-44, 9.72 ADP3308, 7.44, 9.72 ADP3309, 7.44, 9.72 ADP3310, 7.51-52, 7.54, 7.57, 7.58-59, 9.78-80 ADP3310-3.3, 9.77-78 ADP3310-5, 7.53 ADP3330, 7.44, 7.49, 9.72 ADP3331, 7.44, 7.49, 9.72-73 ADP3333, 7.44, 7.50, 9.72 ADP3334, 7.44, 9.72 ADP3335, 7.44, 7.50, 9.72 ADP3336, 7.44, 7.50, 8.56, 9.72 ADP3338, 7.44, 7.50-51, 9.72 ADP3339, 7.44, 7.50, 9.72 ADP3605, 9.76 ADP3607, 9.76 ADP3607-5, 9.77 ADR01, 7.5, 7.15, 7.18, 7.20 ADR02, 7.5, 7.15, 7.18, 7.20 ADR03, 6.74, 7.5, 7.15, 7.18, 7.20 ADR29x, 7.15, 7.17-18 ADR29x-series, 7.23 ADR38x, 7.17-18 ADR38x-series, 7.5, 7.8 ADR39x, 7.17-18 ADR39x-series, 7.5, 7.8 ADR42x, 7.18 ADR43x, 7.15, 7.17-18 ADR43x-series, 7.23 ADR290, 7.12 ADR290-ADR293 series, 7.12 ADR291, 7.12 ADR292, 7.12 ADR292E, 7.20 ADR293, 7.12 ADR380, 7.9 ADR381, 7.9 ADR390, 6.35, 7.10 ADR391, 7.10 ADR392, 7.10 ADR395, 7.10 ADR430-ADR439 series, 7.13 ADR431, 6.23, 6.42, 7.24-25 ADR433, 7.24 ADR510, 7.5, 7.7, 7.21 ADR512, 7.5, 7.7, 7.20-21 ADR520, 7.7 ADR525, 7.7 ADR530, 7.7 ADR540, 7.7 ADR545, 7.7 ADR550, 7.7 ADSP-21xx-series, 6.62 ADSP-218x, 8.141 ADSP-2106L, 9.170 ADSP-2189, 6.60-61 ADSP-2189M, 6.55-56, 6.63-65 ADSP-21160, 9.43-44 ADSX34, 7.85 ADT7301, 8.17-19 ADu7xxx-series, 8.187-190 ADuC7xxx-series, 8.187-190 ADuC8xxx-series, 8.187-190 ADuC70xx-series, 8.189 ADuC702x-series, 8.188 ADuC812, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC812 MicroConverter, 1.63 ADuC814, 8.179-180, 8.186 ADuC816, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC824, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC831, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC832, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC834, 8.180-182, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC836, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC841, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC842, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC843, 8.178, 8.180, 8.186 ADuC845, 8.180-182, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC847, 8.181, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC848, 8.181, 8.183, 8.186 ADuC7020, 8.188 ADuC7021, 8.188 ADuC7022, 8.188 ADuC7024, 8.188 ADuC7026, 8.188 ADuM1100A, 9.112-114 ADuM1100B, 9.112-114 ADuM1300, 9.113 ADuM1301, 9.114 ADuM1400, 9.113 ADuM1401, 9.114 ADV453, 1.50 ADV471, 1.50 ADV476, 1.50 ADV478, 1.50 ADV7125, 8.88-89 ADV7160/ADV7162, 8.90 ADV7183A, 8.82-83 ADV7310, 8.83-84 AMP03, 9.51, 9.100 CAV-1040, 1.53, 1.54 CAV-1220, 1.53, 1.54 DAC-12QZ, 1.46, 4.8 DAC08, 1.38, 1.41 DAC80, 1.41-43 DAC1138, 1.46 HAS-1201, 1.53 HAS-1202, 1.43 HAS-1409, 1.53 HDG-series, 1.53 HDS-1240E, 1.53 HDS-1250, 1.43 Index 51 ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERSION HTC-0300, 1.43, 7.92 HTS-0025, 1.43, 7.92 LOGDAC, 2.112 MAS-1202, 1.44 MOD-815, 1.44, 1.45, 3.63, 3.64 MOD-1020, 1.45 MOD-1205, 1.45 MOD-4100, 3.50 MOSES-8, 7.61 OP27, 7.20, 9.104 OP42, 9.156 OP80, 9.156 OP113, 7.20 OP113EP, 7.20 OP177, 6.15, 9.13 OP181/281/481, 7.22 OP184, 6.7, 7.20 OP184/284/484, 7.21 OP191, 6.7 OP193/293, 7.21 OP193/293/493, 7.22 OP196/296/496, 7.21 OP200, 9.156 OP213, 7.71 OP249, 9.156 Index 52 OP275, 6.76 OP279, 6.7, 7.21, 7.22 OP281/481, 7.21 OP284, 6.7, 7.21 OP291, 6.7 OP297, 9.156 OP484, 6.7 OP491, 6.7 OP777, 7.21, 9.98 OP1177, 6.15-16 REF01, 7.5 REF02, 7.5 REF03, 7.5 REF43, 7.15, 7.17 REF19x, 7.15, 7.17, 7.18, 7.23 REF19x-series, 7.5 REF195, 7.15, 7.17, 7.18 SHA1, 7.92 SHA2, 7.92 TMP05/TMP06, 8.14-17 TMP06, 8.16 Transmit TxDAC family, 2.85 TxDAC family, 1.55 VHS-630, 3.49 VHS-675, 3.49