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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
AN514X-10 PPTRIM Programming
MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER
OTP Programming Guide
APPLICATION NOTE
•
AS5140
•
AS5145
•
AS5245
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This application note describes the available options for PPTRIM programming of all related AS51xx devices:
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Starting with the general permanent programming of the OTP memory register, it also describes how to do a “soft writing” for
single or multiple non-permanent writing of the OTP. In addition the load function and the features for verification after
programming are included.
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For an overall description of the device, please refer to the relevant datasheet.
Note: The pin PROG at the AS5140 is identical to the PDIO pin of the AS5145.
1
Hardware Connections for OTP Memory Programming
For OTP memory access, 3 signals are required: PROG/PDIO, CSn and CLK. To read the angle position for zero position
programming, signal DO is also required. The AS5xxx can be programmed in either 3.3V or 5V mode. The related programming
voltage Vprog is always between 3.3V….3.8V.
VDD5V
CSn
CLK
DataIn
Vprog
10µF 100nF
CLK
PROG/PDIO
AS5xxx
VSS
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CSn
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Figure 1 Programming circuit of AS5xxx
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
2
One Time Programmable Register (OTP)
The OTP block should add flexibility to the user. It allows to define a new zero position, and several other output modes. For
internal test purpose a test mode can be activated. It is not recommended to change the factory settings of the device.
O T P A cc ess
C S n
P R O G
/P D IO
C LK
E x it C o n d it i o n
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O p e r a t i o n M o d e S e le c t io n
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S e t u p C o n d i t io n
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By default the periphery pins CSn, CLK and PROG/PDIO are used for the SSI interface. To access the OTP block a special
setup condition must be performed to access the block. Another exit condition must be performed to get out of the access!
Figure 2 OTP register input and exit condition
2.1
AUTOLOAD Operation
This mode transfers the permanent stored data from each PolyFuse to the corresponding register. The outputs of the registers
are internally available and buffered in parallel format. The autoload operation is performed at every power on sequence.
2.2
LOAD Operation
Transfer DATA from PolyFuse to registers on demand.
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Figure 3 LOAD operation
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At CLK=LOW and PROG/PDIO=LOW the rising edge on CSn signal latches the load command internally. Each rising edge at
CLK gets another bit stored into the register. This mode is not recommended in application because the asynchronously change
(bit after bit). A power down and AUTOLOAD can be used instead.
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
2.3
WRITE Operation
Write DATA from External PROG/PDIO Pad to Register
Operation stops automatically after DATA is latched
DATA must be stable at rising edge of CLK
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Figure 4 WRITE operation
This operation is defined by CLK=LOW and PROG/PDIO=HIGH during rising edge of CSn signal. The signal PROG/PDIO works
as input and has to be stable at rising edges of CLK signal. All external data will be shifted into an internal shift register.
2.4
READ Operation
Read DATA from Registers at PROG/PDIO
DATA is looping until CSn stops operation
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Figure 5 READ operation
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This operation performs a serial read of the register data and is defined at CLK=HIGH and PROG/PDIO=LOW during rising edge
of CSn signal. The signal PROG/PDIO works in data out direction after the second rising edge at CLK.
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
2.5
PROG Operation
- Permanent Storage of DATA from registers to PolyFuse
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Figure 6 PROG operation
During this operation the data written into the Latch during write cycle operation are permanently stored in the PolyFuse cell.
PROG/PDIO=HIGH and CLK=HIGH during rising edge of CSn signal starts this operation. The fusing is managed bit by bit due
to the high current need for fusing. The programming time of PolyFuse cell is defined by the high pulse of CLK (PROG_BURN).
As there is a maximum current of 100mA needed for permanently fusing, PROG/PDIO has to be stabilized by some capacitance
during this operation. The low time of CLK (PROG_RELOAD) allows to recharge the capacitor. This is useful if the source has a
limited current and can be compensated by increasing this time.
2.6
ANALOG Operation
Note: This operation is mandatory after programming. Every programmed fuse must be verified with this procedure!
Reading Resistance of PolyFuse
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Figure 7 ANALOG operation
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
Unprogrammed PolyFuse resistance:
Comparator Level:
Programmed PolyFuse resistance:
50Ω-200Ω
300Ω-2KΩ 1)
>10KΩ
There are two possibilities to do resistance measurements:
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Setting a fixed voltage of 100mV at PROG/PDIO and measuring of the current at CLK=HIGH.
This is the preferred measurement method to get exact resistance values.
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This operation is defined in a similar way than the PROG operation. At the 4th falling edge of CLK, PROG/PDIO must be LOW,
further on internal switches enable the analogue resistance measurement between PROG/PDIO pad and GND. One rising edges
of CLK later, the first PolyFuse resistance (mbit0) can be measured during CLK= HIGH. At each following CLK=HIGH, one
PolyFuse element after the other is measured.
During resistance measurement, the maximum current must not exceed 2mA, to avoid unwanted programming to the PolyFuse
elements. This analogue measurement is necessary because of:
Guard band for the comparator level
Guard band for a maximum lifetime drift
Check of a low ohmic programming path
Resistance values and comparator level are within the following limits:
Forcing a constant current of 200µA into PROG/PDIO pad and measuring of the voltage at CLK=HIGH.
This is the preferred measurement method for a fast implementation.
1) Comparator level can not be measured from external
Current compliance must be set to 2mA 3) Voltage compliance must be set to VDD
Operating Conditions
3.1
PROG Operation
SYMBOL
MIN
MAX
UNIT
Positive Supply Voltage (1)
(=Programming Voltage)
VDD
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.6
V
V
Positive supply for Temp < 70°C
Positive supply for Temp < 150°C
Negative Supply Voltage
VSS
0V
0V
V
Ground =0V
Tjunction
0
150
°C
High temperature can cause a higher
programming yield loss !
100
mA
required current to program a single
PolyFuse element (2)
us
minimal refresh time during fusing –
pad CLK (3)
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PARAMETER
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3
2)
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Junction Temperature
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Programming Current into
PROG/PDIO
Programming refresh time
IPROG,prog
tPROG_REFRE
SH
1.0
NOTE
The PolyFuse cell can be programmed only once
Notes:
(1) The supply voltage must be fixed in the same range than the programming voltage
(2) The PolyFuse cells are programmed in a bit by bit sequence due to the high current at fusing.
(3) Refreshing time of the external capacitor depends on the compliance current of the fusing voltage source.
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
3.2
AC Characteristics: Timing Specifications
PARAMETER
T_SETUP_CSn_CLK
Setup time for operation
5
ns
T_HOLD_CSn_CLK
Hold time for operation
10
ns
T _SETUP_CLK_ PROG
Setup time for data
5
ns
T_HOLD_CLK_PROG
Hold time for data
10
ns
T_ACCESS_READ
Access time for data
T _PROG_BURN
Programming time
10
T _PROG_RELOAD
Reload time of programming cap.
10
T _ACCESS_ ANALOG
Delay time of analog read of
PolyFuse
TYP
MAX
60
15
20
ns
µs
µs
µs
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10
Operating Conditions for ANALOG Operation
PARAMETER
UNIT
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3.3
MIN
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PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN
MAX
UNIT
Vanalog
90
100
mV
Set on PROG(1)
Analog Current Prog. Fuse
Iana,1
0
10
uA
10kOhms - infinite(1)
Analog Current Unprog. Fuse
Iana,0
1
2
mA
50 - 100 Ohms (1)
Setup time for operation mode
T_Setup_MODE_C
LK
5
ns
Hold time for operation mode
T_HOLD_MODE_C
LK
10
ns
Delay time of analog read of Polyfuse
T_ACCESS_ANAL
OG
Analog Voltage
10
NOTE
µs
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Notes: (1) The resistor or the PolyFuse can be calculated by setting a maximal voltage of 100mV on PROG/PDIO during PROG operation and
measuring the current into the pin.
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
4
Test Sequence
4.1.1
AUTOLOAD operation triggered with Power Up
READ operation: Data must be 0 for all bits (for non programmed devices)
WRITE operation of checkerboard pattern (1010..)
READ operation data has to read checkerboard pattern
WRITE operation of anti checkerboard pattern (0101..)
READ operation data has to read anti checkerboard pattern
4.1.3
7)
8)
9)
Check Comparator
WRITE operation: Every bit high (1111..)
LOAD operation performed to non programmed PolyFuses
READ operation: Data must be 0 for all bits (for non programmed devices)
4.1.4
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3)
4)
5)
6)
Check Serial Interface
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4.1.2
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1)
2)
Check AUTOLOAD
Get Trimming Pattern
10) Test of user specific non trimmed parameter.
11) WRITE operation to trim parameter.
4.1.5
Program PolyFuses
12) PROG operation performed to program trimming pattern into PolyFuses.
4.1.6
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AUTOLOAD operation (LOAD operation if AUTOLOAD will be performed on later tests)
READ operation: Compare digital pattern with trimming pattern
ANALOG operation: Read analog resistance levels for PolyFuses
Calculate maximum resistance value for non programmed PolyFuses
Calculate minimum resistance value for programmed PolyFuses
Retest of user specific trimmed parameter.
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13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
Check programmed Pattern
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
5
Example source code
The following source code is taken from the AS5140 and AS5145 DB Demoboards firmware. The microcontroller is a SiLabs
C8051F320.
Three functions are represented in chapter 5.6:
void pptrimLoad(unsigned char num_bits)
void pptrimWrite(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned char num_bits)
Zero position programming example
5.1
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On the following example an AS5145 is used. The sequence is:
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void pptrimRead(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned char num_bits)
Read 18 bit SSI value from the AS5145 to a SSI buffer (3 bytes buffer for 18 bits)
2.
Read 54 bit PPTrim OTP register to a buffer (7 bytes buffer for 54 bit)
3.
Write the actual angle value from SSI buffer to the Zero position field in the PPTrim buffer
4.
Write back the PPTrim buffer to the AS5145
5.
Read back the new 18 SSI data. The angle should be 0.
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1.
This main (void) source code uses the three PPTRIM functions described above.
PPTrimBuffer structure for AS5140:
Bit7
ID11
Byte 0
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ID12
ID13
ID14
ID15
ID16
ID17
MBit 0
7
ID3
Byte 1
6
ID4
15
FS 8
Byte 2
FS0
FS 9
30
Z9
39
Z0
Byte 5
Z1
-
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RA0
Z2
RA1
Z3
MBit 1
Md0
43
Md1
52
24
RA4
33
Z6
42
51
FS 7
RA3
Div0
16
25
34
Z5
8
ID2
FS 6
RA2
Z4
9
17
26
35
44
53
FS 5
0
ID10
ID1
18
27
36
45
ID0
FS 4
1
ID9
10
19
28
37
46
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47
Byte 6
CCW
ID8
FS12
FS3
2
11
20
29
38
ID7
FS 11
FS2
3
12
21
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Z8
ID6
FS 10
FS1
4
13
22
31
Byte 4
ID5
14
23
Byte 3
5
32
Z7
41
Div1
50
40
Index
49
48
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SSIBuffer structure for AS5140:
Bit7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
D1
D0
OCF
COF
LIN
MagINC
MagDEC
Parity
Byte 0
Byte 1
7
D9
D8
15
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6
5
D7
14
4
D6
13
3
D5
12
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2
D4
11
1
D3
10
0
D2
9
8
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
PPTrimBuffer structure for AS5145:
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ID11
ID12
ID13
ID14
ID15
ID16
ID17
MBit 0
ID3
Byte 1
6
ID4
15
FS 6
Byte 2
FS 7
RA3
39
38
Z0
Byte 5
Z2
46
-
36
Z3
45
MBit 1
FS 3
CCW
RA0
Z4
44
PWM Half
43
MagCompEN
ID2
17
53
52
16
FS 5
25
24
RA1
34
Z5
8
FS 4
26
35
9
RA2
33
Z6
42
PWM Dis
51
32
Z7
41
MD0
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Z11
ID10
ID1
18
27
0
ID9
ID0
FS 2
1
10
19
28
37
Z1
47
Byte 6
Z10
ID8
FS10
FS1
2
11
20
29
Z9
ID7
FS 9
FS0
3
12
21
30
Z8
ID6
FS 8
RA4
4
13
22
31
Byte 4
ID5
14
23
Byte 3
5
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Byte 0
Bit7
50
40
MD1
49
48
SSIBuffer structure for AS5145:
Bit7
D1
Byte 0
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
D0
OCF
COF
LIN
MagINC
MagDEC
Parity
7
D9
Byte 1
6
D8
15
-
Byte 2
{
D7
14
4
D6
13
-
23
void main(void)
5
-
22
D5
12
-
21
3
2
D4
11
-
20
0
D3
10
-
19
1
D2
9
8
D11
18
D10
17
16
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xdata unsigned char SSIBuffer[3], PPTrimBuffer[7];
xdata unsigned char ZeroTemp;
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xdata unsigned short angle;
// Step 1: Read the 18 bit SSI value from the AS5145 (AS5140 uses 16 bit)
ssiRead(SSIBuffer, 18);
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angle = extractAngleValueFromSsiBuffer(SSIBuffer);
// Step 2: Read the 54 PPTRIM OTP bits from the AS5145
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pptrimRead(PPTrimBuffer, 54);
// Step 3: Write the actual angle to the zero position field of the OTP bits
ZeroTemp = (SSIBuffer[2] << 2) + (SSIBuffer[1] >> 6);
ZeroTemp = reversebits(ZeroTemp);
PPTrimBuffer[4] = ZeroTemp;
ZeroTemp = (SSIBuffer[1] << 2) + (SSIBuffer[0] >> 6);
ZeroTemp = reversebits(ZeroTemp);
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
PPTrimBuffer[5] = ZeroTemp;
// Step 4: Write back the 54 PPTRIM OTP bits containing the Zero position (which is
the actual angle) to the AS5145
pptrimWrite(PPTrimBuffer, 54);
// Step 5: Read the new angle. Must be 0 (+-1, if the mechanics is not very stable)
angle = extractAngleValueFromSsiBuffer(SSIBuffer);
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}
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ssiRead(SSIBuffer, 18);
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
Definitions: Macro
CLEAR_CSN()
SET_CSN()
CLEAR_CLK()
SET_CLK()
CLEAR_PROG()
SET_PROG()
do
do
do
do
do
do
{
{
{
{
{
{
CSN = 0; } while(0)
CSN = 1; } while(0)
CLK = 0; } while(0)
CLK = 1; } while(0)
PROG = 0; } while(0)
PROG = 1; } while(0)
#define PROG_HIGH_IMPED() do { P0MDOUT
#define PROG_LOW_IMPED() do { P0MDOUT
5.3
= 0x5F; PROG = 1;} while(0) // Pushpull disabled, Hi-Z
= 0xDF; } while(0) // Pushpull enabled
Utility functions
#define PPTRIMDelay 50
static void pptrimDelay(volatile unsigned int value)
{
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for(value; value>0; value--);
{
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#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
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5.2
unsigned char foo = 30;
while(foo--);
}
}
void initPPTRIM()
{
PROG_LOW_IMPED();
CLEAR_PROG();
}
static void clkPulses(unsigned char num)
{
unsigned char i;
for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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SET_CLK();
CLEAR_CLK();
}
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}
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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unsigned char reversebits(unsigned char value) // Endian switch
{
unsigned char i=0, result=0;
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while (i<8)
{
result += (value<<i)&0x80;
if (i<7) result = result >> 1;
i++;
}
return result;
}
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
5.4
Setup and exit conditions
static void setupCondition()
{
CLEAR_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_CLK();
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_PROG();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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CLEAR_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CLK();
CLEAR_CLK();
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
}
static void exitCondition()
{
PROG_LOW_IMPED();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CLK();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_CLK();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CLK();
SET_CSN();
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_PROG();
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}
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
5.5
Operation modes
static void operationModeLoad()
{
CLEAR_PROG();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CSN();
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
clkPulses(4);
}
static void operationModeRead()
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{
CLEAR_PROG();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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SET_CLK();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_CLK();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
clkPulses(1);
PROG_HIGH_IMPED();
}
static void operationModeWrite()
{
SET_CSN();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
clkPulses(3);
}
{
SET_CLK();
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static void operationModeProg()
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
SET_CSN();
ch
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
CLEAR_CLK();
pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
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clkPulses(4);
}
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
5.6
PPTrim functions
void pptrimLoad(unsigned char num_bits)
{
setupCondition();
operationModeLoad();
void pptrimRead(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned char num_bits)
{
xdata unsigned char current_byte = 0;
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xdata unsigned char current_bit = 0;
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exitCondition();
}
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clkPulses(num_bits);
xdata unsigned char temp = 0;
if(!num_bits) return;
current_byte = num_bits >> 3;
current_bit = num_bits & ~0x07;
setupCondition();
operationModeRead();
clkPulses(1); // position the first bit to read
//-- read OTP Data -temp = 0;
temp += (SSI_PROG) ? 1 : 0;
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for(current_bit = num_bits; current_bit; current_bit--)
{
{
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if(((current_bit - 1) & 0x07) == 0)
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buffer[current_bit >> 3] = temp;
temp = 0;
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}
if (current_bit)
{
temp <<= 1;
SET_CLK();
pptrimDelay(200);
temp += (SSI_PROG) ? 1 : 0;
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
CLEAR_CLK();
pptrimDelay(200);
}
}
exitCondition();
}
xdata unsigned char *current_byte;
xdata unsigned char current_bit = 0;
xdata unsigned char temp = 0;
current_byte = buffer + ((num_bits-1)>>3);
temp = *current_byte;
if(num_bits % 8)
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temp <<= 8 - (num_bits % 8);
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{
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void pptrimWrite(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned char num_bits)
setupCondition();
operationModeWrite();
//-- send OTP Data
for(current_bit = num_bits; current_bit; current_bit--)
{
if(temp & 0x80)
SET_PROG();
else
CLEAR_PROG();
pptrimDelay(100);
SET_CLK();
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pptrimDelay(300);// delay, tzapp=2us(typ.)
CLEAR_CLK();
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pptrimDelay(PPTRIMDelay);
temp <<= 1;
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if(((current_bit-1) & 0x07) == 0)
{
temp = *(--current_byte);
}
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}
SET_PROG();
pptrimDelay(100);
clkPulses(1); // data latched
// END OTP-Write
exitCondition();
}
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AN514x-10 PPTRIM OTP Programming
Revision History
Date
Description
1.1
September, 2009
initial revision
1.2
December, 2009
Rename document from AN514X-10 to AN5000-30; Insert device list
1.3
July, 2010
Rename document and note for analog readback function (page 18)
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Revision
Copyrights
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Copyright © 1997-2009, austriamicrosystems AG, Schloss Premstaetten, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe.
Trademarks Registered ®. All rights reserved. The material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored,
or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
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All products and companies mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Disclaimer
Devices sold by austriamicrosystems AG are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its
Term of Sale. austriamicrosystems AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the
information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. austriamicrosystems
AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this
product into a system, it is necessary to check with austriamicrosystems AG for current information. This product is intended for
use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental
requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or lifesustaining equipment are specifically
not recommended without additional processing by austriamicrosystems AG for each application.
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The information furnished here by austriamicrosystems AG is believed to be correct and accurate. However,
austriamicrosystems AG shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal
injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interruption of business or indirect, special, incidental or consequential
damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No
obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of austriamicrosystems AG rendering of technical or
other services.
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Contact Information
Headquarters
ch
austriamicrosystems AG
A-8141 Schloss Premstaetten, Austria
Te
Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0
Fax: +43 (0) 3136 525 01
For Sales Offices, Distributors and Representatives, please visit:
http://www.austriamicrosystems.com
Revision 1.3, July 2010
www.austriamicrosystems.com
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