AH1308 Application Hints - Standalone high speed CAN transceivers Mantis TJA1044 / TJA1057, Mantis-GT TJA1044GT / TJA1057GT and Dual-Mantis-GT TJA1046 Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 Document information Info Content Title Application Hints - Standalone high speed CAN transceivers Mantis TJA1044 / TJA1057, Mantis-GT TJA1044GT / TJA1057GT and DualMantis-GT TJA1046 Author(s) Caroline Volmari Department Systems & Applications, Automotive Innovation Center Hamburg Keywords HS-CAN, Dual HS-CAN transceiver, VIO, Mantis, Mantis-GT, DualMantis-GT, TJA1044, TJA1057, TJA1057/3, TJA1044GT, TJA1057GT, TJA1057GT/3, TJA1046 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Summary The Mantis family consists of two basic device subcategories: The Mantis covering the TJA1044 and TJA1057 and the Mantis-GT, covering the TJA1044GT and TJA1057GT. The TJA1057(GT) is also available in a version with VIO pin (TJA1057(GT)/3). Both are variants form the 3rd generation of standalone high speed CAN transceivers as TJA1042 and TJA1051 from NXP Semiconductors. Mantis is intended to be used in 12V automotive and any industrial environments whereas the GT variant is the first choice for chokeless and CANFD applications. The Dual-Mantis-GT transceiver TJA1046 includes two fully independent TJA1044GT transceivers. This document provides the necessary information for hardware and software designers for creation of automotive applications using the new high speed CAN transceiver generation products. It describes the advantages in terms of characteristics and functions offered to a system and how the system design can be simplified by replacing other HS-CAN transceivers. Revision history Rev Date Description 0.1 26th April 2013 Initial version 1.0 3rd May 2013 Final Version 1.1 6th June 2014 Changed naming “Mantis One” to “Mantis” 1.2 20th November 2014 Updated chapter 1.2 “Differences between TJA1051/TJA1042 and Mantis Family”, chapter 3.3.1 “TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode” and chapter 4.5. “Remote Wake-up (via CAN bus)”: Updating and renaming of parameters 2.0 30th April 2015 New derivates TJA1057(GT)/3 with VIO pin and Dual-Mantis-GT TJA1046 included Contact information For additional information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 2 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Contents 1. 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.2 2. 2.1 3. 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.4 4. 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.4 4.5 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6. 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.2 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Mantis Standalone high speed CAN transceiver products ...................................................................................... 6 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver........................................................................................................ 6 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode ................................................................................. 6 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes ........................................................................ 7 Differences between TJA1051/TJA1042 and Mantis Family ................................................................................... 8 Basics of high speed CAN applications ................................................................................................................. 9 Example of a high speed CAN application .............................................................................................................. 9 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver .................................................................................................... 13 Main features ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Operation modes................................................................................................................................................... 14 Normal Mode......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Silent Mode ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 OFF Mode ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 System fail-safe features ....................................................................................................................................... 18 TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode .............................................................................................. 18 Bus dominant clamping prevention at entering Normal Mode ............................................................................... 19 Default Silent Mode ............................................................................................................................................... 19 Undervoltage detection & recovery ....................................................................................................................... 19 Overtemperature protection .................................................................................................................................. 20 Hardware application ............................................................................................................................................ 20 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode ............................................................................. 24 Main features ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Operation modes................................................................................................................................................... 25 Normal Mode......................................................................................................................................................... 25 Standby Mode ....................................................................................................................................................... 26 OFF Mode ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 System fail-safe features ....................................................................................................................................... 27 TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode .............................................................................................. 27 Bus dominant clamping prevention at entering Normal Mode ............................................................................... 27 Bus dominant clamping detection in Standby Mode .............................................................................................. 27 Undervoltage detection & recovery ....................................................................................................................... 28 Overtemperature protection .................................................................................................................................. 29 Hardware application ............................................................................................................................................ 30 Remote Wake-up (via CAN bus) ........................................................................................................................... 32 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes ................................................................... 33 Main features ........................................................................................................................................................ 33 Hardware application ............................................................................................................................................ 34 Footprint ................................................................................................................................................................ 36 Overtemperature protection .................................................................................................................................. 36 Hardware application of common pins ................................................................................................................ 37 Power Supply Pins ................................................................................................................................................ 37 VCC pin .................................................................................................................................................................. 37 Thermal load consideration for the VCC voltage regulator ..................................................................................... 37 Dimensioning the bypass capacitor of the voltage regulator ................................................................................. 38 VIO pin ................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Interface Pins ........................................................................................................................................................ 40 continued >> AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 3 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7. 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.6 7.2 8. 9. 10. 10.1 10.2 TXD pin ................................................................................................................................................................. 40 RXD pin ................................................................................................................................................................. 40 Mode control pins STB / S..................................................................................................................................... 40 Bus Pins CANH / CANL ........................................................................................................................................ 40 PCB layout rules (check list) ................................................................................................................................. 41 Appendix ................................................................................................................................................................. 42 Pin FMEA .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 TJA1057 ................................................................................................................................................................ 42 TJA1057/3 ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 TJA1044 ................................................................................................................................................................ 46 TJA1046 ................................................................................................................................................................ 48 Simulation models ................................................................................................................................................. 51 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................................................... 52 References .............................................................................................................................................................. 53 Legal information ................................................................................................................................................... 54 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................. 54 Disclaimers............................................................................................................................................................ 54 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 4 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 1. Introduction NXP introduces its next generation high speed CAN (HS-CAN) transceivers: The Mantis Family which consists of the Mantis parts TJA1044T and TJA1057T and the Mantis-GT variants TJA1044GT and TJA1057GT. Please note, that in the following the naming TJA1044 and TJA1057 respectively TJA1057/3 are used for both variants: Mantis as well as Mantis-GT. If needed a distinction is mentioned explicitly. The TJA1057 is available in two versions, with and without VIO supply pin. Another variant is the dual HS-CAN transceiver TJA1046 containing two fully independent TJA1044GT transceivers. Mantis devices are Standby and Basic HS-CAN transceivers for 12V automotive applications. They fully meet – and exceed – G5 EMC specifications, allowing removal of common-mode choke and can be used with 5V and 3.3V microcontrollers. The Mantis-GT transceivers have all features contained in Mantis products. They are optimized for CAN FD active communication, with an additional specification for the loop delay symmetry and a faster propagation delay giving robust communication at higher data rates and to support longer cable length. All transceivers provide the physical link between the protocol controller and the physical transmission medium according to the ISO11898 ([4], [7]) and SAE J2284 [8]. This ensures full interoperability with other ISO11898 compliant transceiver products. All Mantis transceivers are allowing drop-in replacements for the TJA1040, TJA1042, TJA1050 and TJA1051 as long as a Split or VIO pin is not used. They can be directly connected to any 5V or 3.3V microcontroller as long as the 3V3 type microcontroller provides 5V tolerant interfacing pins towards the transceivers. The TJA1057/3 with VIO supply pin allows drop-in replacement for the TJA1051/3. Introduction With this extended portfolio of high speed CAN transceivers NXP Semiconductors enables ECU designers to find the best application fitting standalone transceiver product in order to cover all main application specific requirements. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 5 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 1.1 Mantis Standalone high speed CAN transceiver products 1.1.1 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver TXD 1 GND 2 8 S 7 CANH TJA1057 VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 n.c. - Compatible to the TJA1050 and TJA1051 basic high speed CAN transceivers - Normal Mode (transmit / receive CAN data) - Silent Mode (receiving CAN data only) - Undervoltage detection on pin VCC TJA1057/3 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver with VIO pin TXD 1 8 S GND 2 7 CANH VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 VIO TJA1057/3 - Compatible to the TJA1051/3 basic high speed CAN transceiver - Normal Mode (transmit / receive CAN data) - Silent Mode (receiving CAN data only) - Undervoltage detection on pins VCC and VIO Fig 1. Pin configuration and short functional description of the TJA1057 and TJA1057/3 1.1.2 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode TXD 1 GND 2 8 STB 7 CANH TJA1044 VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 n.c. - Compatible to the TJA1040 and TJA1042 high speed CAN transceivers - Normal Mode (transmit / receive CAN data) - Standby Mode (low power mode with CAN wake-up capability) - Bus dominant time-out function in Standby Mode - Undervoltage detection on pin VCC Introduction Fig 2. Pin configuration and short functional description of the TJA1044 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 6 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 1.1.3 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes TXD1 1 14 STB1 GND1 2 13 CANH1 VCC1 3 12 CANL1 RXD1 4 11 STB2 TXD2 5 10 CANH2 GND2 6 9 CANL2 VCC2 7 8 RXD2 TJA1046 - Two fully independent high speed CAN transceivers - Normal Modes (transmit / receive CAN data) - Standby Modes (low power mode with CAN wake-up capability) - Bus dominant time-out function in Standby Mode - Undervoltage detection on pins VCCx Introduction Fig 3. Pin configuration and short functional description of the TJA1046 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 7 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 1.2 Differences between TJA1051/TJA1042 and Mantis Family TJA1042/51 TJA1044/57/46 VCC voltage range +/-10% +/-5% Absolute max voltage +7V +7V DC voltage at CAN pins +/-58V +/-42V Common mode voltage +/-30V +/-12V Supported bus load range 45 … 65Ohm 50 … 65Ohm SPLIT pin yes no Low power mode yes yes Simple time filter for bus wake-up yes no ISO11898-5 conformant enhanced wake up pattern filter no yes TXD dominant time-out filter yes yes Enable pin yes no VIO pin yes (TJA1042/3, TJA1051/3) yes (TJA1057/3) 3V3 µC support yes, via VIO yes, via VIO or if µC provides 5V tolerance on interface ESD IEC 61000-4-2 at pins CANH and CANL 8kV 8kV ESD-HBM (at CANH/CANL) 8kV 8kV ESD-HBM (at other pins) 4kV 4kV ESD-MM 300V 200V ESD-CDM 750 / 500V 750 / 500V G5 compliance yes yes Introduction Feature / Requirement AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 8 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 2. Basics of high speed CAN applications 2.1 Example of a high speed CAN application Fig 4 illustrates an example of a high speed CAN application. Several ECUs (Electronic Control Units) are connected via stubs to a linear bus topology. Each bus end is terminated with 120 (RT), resulting in the nominal 60 bus load according to ISO11898. The figure shows the split termination concept, which in general is improving the EMC performance of high speed CAN bus systems. The former single 120 termination resistor is split into two resistors of half value (RT/2) with the center tap connected to ground via the capacitor Cspl. Basics of high speed CAN applications Detailed rules and recommendations for in-vehicle CAN networks can be found in a separate technical note [5]. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 9 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Linear CAN bus topology BAT ECU Voltage Regulator BAT Cspl RT/2 RT/2 INH CANH CANL TJA1043 TXD SPLIT Sensor µC + CAN RXD Actuator GND CANH CANL Voltage Regulator STB TJA1044 BAT I/O µC + CAN RXD TXD Actuator Clamp-30 ECU Ignition key ECU Voltage Regulator CANH CANL S TJA1057 I/O RXD TXD RT/2 BAT Clamp-15 GND µC + CAN RT/2 Sensor GND Fig 4. High speed CAN application example The block diagram in Fig 4 describes the internal structure of an ECU. Typically, an ECU consists of a standalone transceiver (here the TJA1044, TJA1057 and TJA1043) and a host microcontroller with integrated CAN-controller, which are supplied by one or more voltage regulators. While the high speed CAN transceiver needs a +5 V supply to support the ISO11898 bus levels, new microcontroller products are increasingly using lower supply voltages like 3.3V. To support such microcontrollers the TJA1057 and TJA1044 have a fully compatible interface towards 3.3V-microcontroller as long as the microcontroller interfacing pins are 5V tolerant. The TJA1057/3 offers an additional VIO supply pin to adapt the transceiver interfacing pins to the supply voltage of the microcontroller. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 10 of 55 Basics of high speed CAN applications Cspl AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking The protocol controller is connected to the transceiver via a serial data output line (TXD) and a serial data input line (RXD). The transceiver is attached to the bus lines via its two bus terminals CANH and CANL, which provide differential receive and transmit capability. Depending on the selected transceiver different mode control pins (STB or S) are connected to I/O pins of the host microcontroller for operation mode control. Note: Details of the mentioned TJA1043 can be found in a separate application hints document [4] and the product data sheet. Single Ended Bus Voltage CANH 3.6V 2.5V CANL 1.4V Differential Bus Voltage 5.0V Differential input voltage range for dominant state 0.9V 0.5V Differential input voltage range for recessive state -1.0V time Recessive Dominant Recessive Basics of high speed CAN applications Fig 5. Nominal bus levels according to ISO11898 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 11 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking The protocol controller outputs a serial transmit data stream to the TXD input of the transceiver. An internal pull-up function within each NXP high speed CAN transceiver sets the TXD input to logic HIGH, which means that the bus output driver stays recessive in the case of a TXD open circuit condition e.g. during start-up, reset or in case of a failure. In the recessive state (Fig 5) the CANH and CANL pins are biased to a voltage level of VCC/2. If a logic LOW level is applied to TXD, the output stage is activated, generating a dominant state on the bus line (Fig 5). The output driver CANH provides a source output from VCC and the output driver CANL a sink output towards GND as illustrated in Fig 6. VCC CANH Driver CANL Receiver GND Fig 6. High speed CAN output driver The receiver converts the differential bus signal to a logic level signal, which is output at RXD. The serial receive data stream is provided to the bus protocol controller for decoding. The internal receiver comparator is always active. It monitors the bus while the bus node is transmitting a message. This is required to support the non-destructive bitby-bit arbitration scheme of CAN. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 12 of 55 Basics of high speed CAN applications If no bus node transmits a dominant bit, the bus stays in recessive state. If one or multiple bus nodes transmit a dominant bit, then the bus lines enter the dominant state overriding the recessive state (wired-AND characteristic). AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 3. TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver 3.1 Main features The TJA1057 is the basic high speed CAN transceiver and is backwards compatible with the TJA1050 and TJA1051. VCC 3 TXD 1 Time-Out Temperature protection VCC 7 6 S 8 Mode Control TXD 1 GND 2 8 S 7 CANH CANH CANL Slope Control and Driver TJA1057 VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 n.c. VCC Undervoltage detection VCC RXD GND 4 Driver Normal Receiver 2 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Fig 7. Block diagram and pinning of the TJA1057 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 13 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking The TJA1057/3 offers the same functionality as the TJA1057 but with additional VIO supply pin. It is backwards compatible with the TJA1051/3. VIO VCC 5 TXD 1 Time-Out 3 Temperature protection VIO 7 6 S 8 Mode Control TXD 1 GND 2 8 S 7 CANH CANH CANL Slope Control and Driver TJA1057/3 VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 VIO VCC Undervoltage detection VCC RXD GND 4 Driver Normal Receiver 2 Fig 8. Block diagram and pinning of the TJA1057/3 3.2 Operation modes The TJA1057 offers 2 different power modes, Normal Mode and Silent Mode which are directly selectable through the S-pin. Taking into account the undervoltage detection a third power mode is available, the so-called OFF Mode. Fig 9 shows how the different operation modes can be entered. Every mode provides a certain behavior and terminates the CAN channel to a certain value. The following sub-chapters give a short overview of those features. TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver The TJA1057/3 behaves in the same way as the TJA1057 but with an additional mode condition for the undervoltage detection at pin VIO. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 14 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Normal Mode S=0 AND VCC_UV cleared VCC_UV set S=0 S=1 S=1 AND VCC_UV cleared OFF Mode Silent Mode VCC_UV set TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Fig 9. State diagram TJA1057 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 15 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking S=0 AND VCC_UV cleared AND VIO_UV cleared Normal Mode VCC_UV set OR VIO_UV set S=0 S=1 S=1 AND VCC_UV cleared AND VIO_UV cleared Silent Mode VCC_UV set OR VIO_UV set OFF Mode Fig 10. State diagram TJA1057/3 In Normal Mode the CAN communication is enabled. The digital bit stream input at TXD is transferred into corresponding analog bus signals. Simultaneously, the transceiver monitors the bus, converting the analog bus signals into the corresponding digital bit stream output at RXD. The bus lines are biased to VCC/2 in recessive state and the transmitter is enabled. The Normal Mode is entered setting pin S to LOW. In Normal Mode the transceiver provides following functions: The CAN transmitter is active. The CAN receiver is active. CANH and CANL are biased to VCC/2. VCC undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage detection. TJA1057/3 only: VIO undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage detection. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 16 of 55 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver 3.2.1 Normal Mode AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 3.2.2 Silent Mode The Silent Mode is used to disable the transmitter of the TJA1057(/3) regardless of the TXD input signal. In Silent Mode the TJA1057(/3) is not capable of transmitting CAN messages, but all other functions, including the receiver, continue to operate. The Silent Mode is entered setting pin S to HIGH. Due to an internal pull-up function it is the default mode if pin S is unconnected e.g. during power-on or reset. Babbling idiot protection The Silent Mode allows a node to be set to a state, in which it is silent to the bus. It becomes necessary when a CAN-controller gets out of control and might unintentionally send messages (“Babbling idiot”) that block the bus. Activating the Silent Mode by the microcontroller allows the bus to be released even when there is no direct access from the microcontroller to the CAN-controller. The Silent Mode is very useful for achieving high system reliability required by today’s electronic applications. Listen-only function In Silent Mode RXD monitors the bus lines as usual. Thus, the Silent Mode provides a listen-only behaviour for diagnostic features. It ensures that a node does not influence the bus with dominant bits. In Silent Mode the transceiver provides following functions: The CAN transmitter is off. The CAN receiver is active. CANH and CANL are biased to VCC/2. VCC undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage detection. TJA1057/3 only: VIO undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage detection. The non-operation OFF Mode offers total passive behaviour to the CAN bus system. The OFF Mode is entered by undervoltage detection on VCC. This feature is very usefull in applications, which by intention get completely unpowered in some use cases. The total passive behavior makes sure, that the remaining CAN network does not get influenced by such an unpowered node. In OFF Mode the transceiver provides following functions: The CAN transmitter is off. The CAN receiver is off. CANH and CANL are floating (lowest leakage current on bus pins). VCC undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage recovery. TJA1057/3 only: VIO undervoltage detector is active for undervoltage recovery. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 17 of 55 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver 3.2.3 OFF Mode AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 1. TJA1057: Characteristics of the different modes Operating mode Normal S pin VCC undervolt. 0 no RXD pin Bus dominant Bus recessive LOW HIGH Bus bias TXD pin CAN driver VCC/2 0 dominant [1] 1 recessive Silent 1 no LOW HIGH VCC/2 X off OFF X yes VCC [2] VCC [2] float X off [1] t < tto(dom)TXD, afterwards the TXD dominant clamping detection disables the transmitter. A recessive HIGH level at TXD will release the CAN driver. [2] RXD follows the VCC voltage Table 2. TJA1057/3: Characteristics of the different modes Operating S pin VCC VIO RXD pin mode undervolt. undervolt. Low High Normal 0 no no Bus dominant Bus recessive TXD pin CAN driver Bus bias 0 dominant [1] VCC/2 1 recessive Silent 1 no no Bus dominant Bus recessive X off VCC/2 OFF X yes no high-Z X off float no yes high-Z X off float yes yes high-Z X off float [1] t < tto(dom)TXD, afterwards the TXD dominant clamping detection disables the transmitter. A recessive HIGH level at TXD will release the CAN driver. 3.3.1 TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode The TXD dominant clamping detection prevents an erroneous CAN-controller from clamping the bus to dominant level by a continuously dominant TXD signal. After a maximum allowable TXD dominant time tto(dom)TXD the transmitter is disabled. According to the CAN protocol only a maximum of eleven successive dominant bits are allowed on TXD (worst case of five successive dominant bits followed immediately by an error frame). Along with the minimum allowable TXD dominant time, this limits the minimum bit rate to 25 kbit/s. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 18 of 55 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver 3.3 System fail-safe features AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking transmitter enabled tto(dom)TXD recessive TXD dominant transmitter disabled CANH VO(dif)bus CANL time Fig 11. TXD dominant clamping in Normal Mode 3.3.2 Bus dominant clamping prevention at entering Normal Mode Before transmitting the first dominant bit to the bus the TXD pin once needs to be set HIGH while the transceiver is in Normal Mode in order to prevent a transceiver initially clamping the entire bus when starting up with not well defined TXD port setting of the microcontroller. 3.3.3 Default Silent Mode As long as the S pin is not correctly driven by the µC during power-on, reset or in case of a system failure, the TJA1057(/3) stays in Silent mode to prevent the bus to be driven dominant. The S pin needs to actively driven to low level to enter Normal mode before any dominant transitions on TXD are forwarded to the bus lines. 3.3.4 Undervoltage detection & recovery Compared to the TJA1050, the TJA1057(/3) (as well as the TJA1051(/3)) take advantage of high precision integrated undervoltage detection on its supply pins (see Table 3). Without this function undervoltage conditions might result in unwanted system behaviour, if the supply leaves the specified range. (e.g. the bus pins might bias to GND). Table 3. TJA1057: Mode control at undervoltage conditions Supply condition TJA1057 VCC above Vuvd(VCC) [1] Normal or Silent VCC below Vuvd(VCC) [1] OFF [1] Vuvd(VCC) undervoltage detection voltage on pin VCC AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 19 of 55 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Note that this is a different implementation compared to the TJA1051 that starts up in Normal mode. But in most applications no hard- or software changes are needed to replace the TJA1051(/3) with the TJA1057(/3). AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 4. TJA1057/3: Mode control at undervoltage conditions Supply condition TJA1057/3 VCC VIO VCC above Vuvd(VCC) [1] VIO above Vuvd(VIO) [2] Normal or Silent VCC above Vuvd(VCC) [1] VIO below Vuvd(VIO) [2] OFF VCC below Vuvd(VCC) [1] VIO above Vuvd(VIO) [2] OFF VCC below Vuvd(VCC) [1] VIO below Vuvd(VIO) [2] OFF [1] Vuvd(VCC) undervoltage detection voltage on pin VCC [2] Vuvd(VIO) undervoltage detection voltage on pin VIO 3.3.5 Overtemperature protection An overtemperature condition may occur either if the transceiver is operated in an environment with high ambient temperature or if there is a short circuit condition on the bus. To protect the transceiver from self-destruction the transmitter is disabled automatically whenever the junction temperature exceeds the allowed limit. After an overtemperature condition the transmitter is released if the junction temperature is below the limit. The transmitter will remain in the recessive state to prevent continuous re-triggering of the overtemperature condition. Normal operation is restored on the first TXD recessive state. 3.4 Hardware application TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Fig 12 and Fig 13 show how to integrate the TJA1057 within a typical application. The application examples assume either a 5V or a 3.3V supplied host microcontroller. In each example there is a dedicated 5V regulator supplying the TJA1057 transceiver on its VCC supply pin (necessary for proper CAN transmit capability according to ISO11898). AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 20 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking BAT 5V * e.g. 47nF VCC VDD CANH RT ** CAN bus e.g. 100pF TxD TxD RxD RxD C + CAN TJA1057 RT ** e.g. 4,7nF S I/O CANL e.g. 100pF GND GND * Size of capacitor depends on regulator. ** For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“ For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. Fig 12. Typical application with TJA1057 and a 5V microcontroller TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver To support 3.3V supplied microcontrollers the TJA1057 has a fully compatible interface towards 3.3V-microcontroller as long as the microcontroller pins connected to RXD, TXD and S are 5V tolerant. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 21 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking BAT 3V * 5V * e.g. 47nF VCC VDD CANH RT ** CAN bus e.g. 100pF TxD TxD *** RxD RxD *** C + CAN TJA1057 RT ** e.g. 4,7nF S I/O *** CANL e.g. 100pF GND GND * Size of capacitor depends on regulator. ** For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“. For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. *** The RXD, TXD and I/O pins of the µC need to be 5V tolerant. General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Fig 13. Typical application with TJA1057 and a 3.3V microcontroller AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 22 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking The application of the TJA1057/3 is given in Fig 14. 3V BAT * e.g. 47nF 5V * e.g. 47nF VCC VDD VIO CANH RT ** CAN bus e.g. 100pF TxD TxD *** RxD RxD *** C + CAN TJA1057/3 RT ** e.g. 4,7nF S I/O *** CANL e.g. 100pF GND GND * Size of capacitor depends on regulator. ** For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“. For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. *** The RXD, TXD and I/O pins of the µC need to be 5V tolerant. General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. Note: For detailed hardware application guidance please refer to chapter 5 explaining how the pins of the TJA1057 are properly connected in an application environment. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 23 of 55 TJA1057 – Basic high speed CAN transceiver Fig 14. Typical application with TJA1057/3 and a 3.3V microcontroller AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 4. TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode 4.1 Main features The TJA1044 is the high speed CAN transceiver providing a low power mode (called Standby Mode) beside a Normal Mode. VCC 3 TXD 1 Temperature protection Time-Out VCC 7 6 STB 8 CANH Slope Control and Driver Mode Control 1 GND 2 8 STB 7 CANH TJA1044 VCC VCC Undervoltage detection TXD CANL VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 n.c. Normal Receiver VCC RXD GND 4 2 Mux and Driver Wake-Up Filter and Clamping detection Low Power Receiver TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode Fig 15. Block diagram and pinning of the TJA1044 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 24 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 4.2 Operation modes The TJA1044 offers 2 different power modes, Normal Mode and Standby Mode which are directly selectable through the pin STB. Taking into account the undervoltage detection a third power mode is available, the so-called OFF Mode. Fig 16 shows how the different operation modes can be entered. Every mode provides a certain behavior and terminates the CAN channel to a certain value. The following sub-chapters give a short overview of those features. VCC_UVup flag is set if VCC is lower than the upper threshold Vuvd(stb)(VCC), while VCC_UVlow refers to the lower under voltage detection threshold Vuvd(swoff)(VCC). The flags are cleared as soon as VCC exceeds the related threshold. See Chapter 4.3.4 for more details regarding the undervoltage detection feature. STB = 0 AND VCC_UVup cleared AND VCC_UVlow cleared Normal Mode VCC_UVlow set [STB = 1 OR VCC_UVup set] AND VCC_UVlow cleared [STB = 1 OR VCC_UVup set] AND VCC_UVlow cleared Standby Mode OFF Mode VCC_UVlow set Fig 16. State diagram TJA1044 4.2.1 Normal Mode In Normal Mode the CAN communication is enabled. The digital bit stream input at TXD is transferred into corresponding analog bus signals. Simultaneously, the transceiver monitors the bus, converting the analog bus signals into the corresponding digital bit stream output at RXD. The bus lines are biased to VCC/2 in recessive state and the transmitter is enabled. The Normal Mode is entered setting pin STB to LOW. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 25 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode STB = 0 AND VCC_UVup cleared AND VCC_UVlow cleared AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking In Normal Mode the transceiver provides following functions: The CAN transmitter is active. The normal CAN receiver is active. The low power CAN receiver is active. CANH and CANL are biased to VCC/2. Pin RXD reflects the normal CAN Receiver. VCC undervoltage detectors are active for undervoltage detection (see Chapter 4.3.4 for details). 4.2.2 Standby Mode The Standby Mode is used to reduce the power consumption of the TJA1044 significantly. In Standby Mode the TJA1044 is not capable of transmitting and receiving regular CAN messages, but it monitors the bus for CAN messages. Only the low power CAN receiver is active, monitoring the bus lines for activity. The bus wake-up filter ensures that only bus dominant and bus recessive states that persist longer than tfltr(wake)bus are reflected on the RXD pin. The low-power receiver is supplied as long as VCC stays above the lower undervoltage detection threshold Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) (see Chapter 4.3.4 for details). To reduce the current consumption as much as possible the bus is terminated to GND rather than biased to VCC/2 as in Normal Mode in accordance with ISO11898-5. The Standby Mode is selected setting pin STB to HIGH or if VCC drops below the upper undervoltage detection threshold Vuvd(stb)(VCC). Due to an internal pull-up function on the STB pin Standby Mode is the default mode of the transceiver if pin STB is unconnected or during power-on or reset. The CAN transmitter is off. The normal CAN receiver is off. The low power CAN receiver is active. CANH and CANL are biased to GND. Pin RXD reflects the bus levels through the low-power CAN Receiver, after successful pattern wake up detection. VCC undervoltage detectors are active for undervoltage detection and recovery (see Chapter 4.3.4 for details). 4.2.3 OFF Mode The non-operation OFF Mode is introduced offering total passive behaviour to the CAN bus system. The OFF Mode is entered if VCC drops below the lower undervoltage detection threshold Vuvd(swoff)(VCC). This feature is very usefull in applications, which by intention get completely unpowered in some use cases. The total passive behavior makes sure, that the remaining CAN network does not get influenced by such an unpowered node. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 26 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode In Standby Mode the transceiver provides following functions: AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking In OFF Mode the transceiver provides following functions: The CAN transmitter is off. The normal CAN receiver is off. The low power CAN receiver is off. CANH and CANL are floating (lowest leakage current on bus pins). VCC undervoltage detectors are active for undervoltage recovery (see Chapter 4.3.4 for details). Characteristics of the different modes Operating STB pin mode VCC undervoltage RXD pin < < Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) Vuvd(stb)(VCC) Normal Standby OFF 0 no Bus dominant Bus recessive LOW HIGH no Bus bias TXD pin CAN driver VCC/2 0 dominant [1] 1 recessive HIGH [2] GND X off yes LOW (after wakeup pattern detection) [2] (yes) VCC [3] VCC [3] float X off 1 no no X no X yes [1] t < tto(dom)TXD, afterwards the TXD dominant clamping detection disables the transmitter. [2] RXD follows the bus via its low power receiver [3] RXD follows the VCC voltage 4.3 System fail-safe features 4.3.1 TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode The TJA1044 provides TXD dominant clamping detection in Normal Mode (as for the TJA1057). Please refer to chapter 3.3.1 for more details. 4.3.2 Bus dominant clamping prevention at entering Normal Mode The TJA1044 provides bus dominant clamping prevention at entering Normal Mode (as for the TJA1057). Please refer to chapter 3.3.2 for more details. 4.3.3 Bus dominant clamping detection in Standby Mode For system safety reasons a new bus dominant timeout function in Standby Mode is introduced in the TJA1044. At any bus dominant condition in Standby Mode the RXD pin AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 27 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode Table 5. AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking gets switched LOW once the wake-up pattern is detected correctly. If the dominant condition holds for longer than the timeout tto(dom)bus, the RXD pin gets set HIGH again in order to prevent generating a permanent wake-up request at a bus failure condition. Consequently a system can now enter the Standby Mode even with a permanently dominant clamped bus. tto(dom)bus CANH VO(dif)bus receiver disabled receiver enabled CANL no wake-up RXD wake-up detected time Fig 17. Bus dominant clamping in Standby Mode [1] [1] A valid wake-up pattern needs to be detected before 4.3.4 Undervoltage detection & recovery The TJA1044 offers two different undervoltage detection thresholds: Upper threshold Vuvd(stb)(VCC) : As long as VCC stays above this threshold the transceiver can stay in Normal mode and is able to proper receive and transmit data via the normal receiver and transmitter stages. The bus is biased to VCC/2. If VCC drops below this threshold the transceiver will forced into stand-by mode but is still able to observe the bus on CAN traffic via the low power receiver. The bus is biased to GND. Lower threshold Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) : If VCC drops below this threshold the transceiver will forced into OFF mode and also the low power receiver is switched off. The bus will be disengaged and becomes floating. The transceiver will recover automatically as soon as VCC ramps above one of the thresholds. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 28 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode The TJA1044 takes advantage of high precision integrated undervoltage detection on its supply pin VCC (see Table 6). Without this function undervoltage conditions might result in unwanted system behavior, if the supply leaves the specified range (e.g. the bus pins might bias to GND). AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 6. TJA1044 mode control at undervoltage conditions Supply condition TJA1044 VCC > Vuvd(stb)(VCC) VCC > Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) Normal or Standby VCC < Vuvd(stb)(VCC) VCC > Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) Standby VCC > Vuvd(stb)(VCC) VCC < Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) not applicable VCC < Vuvd(stb)(VCC) VCC < Vuvd(swoff)(VCC) OFF 4.3.5 Overtemperature protection TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode As the TJA1057 the TJA1044 provides an overtemperature protection. Please refer to chapter 3.3.5 for more details. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 29 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 4.4 Hardware application Fig 18 and Fig 19 show how to integrate the TJA1044 within typical applications. The application examples assume either a 5V or a 3.3V supplied host microcontroller. In each example there is a dedicated 5V regulator supplying the TJA1044 transceiver on its VCC supply pin (necessary for proper CAN transmit capability compliant to ISO 11898). BAT 5V * e.g. 47nF VCC VDD CANH RT ** CAN bus e.g. 100pF TxD TxD RxD RxD C + CAN TJA1044 RT ** e.g. 4,7nF STB I/O CANL * ** GND GND Size of capacitor depends on regulator. For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“ For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. Fig 18. Typical application with TJA1044 and a 5V microcontroller To support 3.3V supplied microcontrollers the TJA1044 has a fully compatible interface towards 3.3V-microcontroller as long as the microcontroller pins connected to RXD, TXD and STB are 5V tolerant. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 30 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode e.g. 100pF AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking BAT 3V * 5V * e.g. 47nF VCC VDD CANH RT ** CAN bus e.g. 100pF TxD TxD *** RxD RxD *** C + CAN TJA1044 RT ** e.g. 4,7nF STB I/O *** CANL e.g. 100pF GND GND * Size of capacitor depends on regulator. ** For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“. For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. *** The RXD, TXD and I/O pins of the µC need to be 5V tolerant. Fig 19. Typical application with TJA1044 and a 3.3V microcontroller Note: For detailed hardware application guidance please refer to chapter 5 explaining how the pins of the TJA1044 are properly connected in an application environment. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 31 of 55 TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 4.5 Remote Wake-up (via CAN bus) The TJA1044 wakes up from Standby mode when a dedicated wake-up pattern as specified in ISO11898-5 is detected on the bus. This filtering helps to avoid spurious wake-up events. A spurious wake-up sequence could be triggered by, for example, a dominant clamped bus or by dominant phases due to noise or spikes on the bus. The wake-up pattern consists of: A dominant phase of at least twake(busdom) followed by A recessive phase of at least twake(busrec) followed by A dominant phase of at least twake(busdom) Dominant or recessive bits in-between the above mentioned phases which are shorter than the minimum twake(busdom) time respectively twake(busrec) are ignored. The complete dominant-recessive-dominant pattern must be received within tto(wake)bus to be recognized as a valid wake-up pattern. Otherwise, the internal wake-up logic is reset. The complete wake-up pattern will then need to be retransmitted to trigger a wake-up event. Pin RXD remains HIGH in Standby Mode until the wake-up event has been triggered. A wake-up event is not flagged on RXD if any of the following events occurs while a valid wake-up pattern is being received: The TJA1044 switches to Normal mode The complete wake-up pattern was not received within tto(wake)bus A VCC undervoltage is detected TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode If any of these events occurs while a wake-up sequence is being received, the internal wake-up logic will be reset and the complete wake-up sequence will have to be retransmitted to trigger a wake-up event. CANH VO( dif) bus CANL t wake(busdom) t wake(busrec) t wake(busdom) RXD tto( wake)bus tto(wake)bus = 0.8ms to 6.5ms twake(busdom) = twake(busrec) = 0.5µs to 3µs Fig 20. Wake-up timings and behaviour AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 32 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 5. TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes 5.1 Main features The TJA1046 is a dual high speed CAN transceiver comprising two fully independent TJA1044GT transceiver dies on a single piece of silicon. VCC1 TXD1 3 1 Temperature protection Time-Out VCC1 13 12 STB1 14 CANH1 CANL1 Slope Control and Driver Mode Control GND1 VCC1 VCC1 Undervoltage detection Normal Receiver VCC1 RXD1 GND1 Mux and Driver 4 2 Wake-Up Filter and Clamping detection Low Power Receiver GND1 TXD2 7 5 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes VCC2 Temperature protection Time-Out VCC2 10 9 STB2 11 CANH2 CANL2 Slope Control and Driver Mode Control GND2 VCC2 VCC2 Undervoltage detection Normal Receiver VCC2 RXD2 GND2 Mux and Driver 8 6 Wake-Up Filter and Clamping detection Low Power Receiver GND2 Fig 21. Block diagram of the TJA1046 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 33 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking TXD1 1 14 STB1 GND1 2 13 CANH1 VCC1 3 12 CANL1 RXD1 4 11 STB2 TXD2 5 10 CANH2 GND2 6 9 CANL2 VCC2 7 8 RXD2 TJA1046 Fig 22. Pinning of the TJA1046 No resources are shared. With this each transceiver channel has its own supply and ground pins without internal interconnections. The mode control, wake up capability, clamping of each channel doesn’t influence the other channel. Because of this all descriptions as given in Chapter 4 “TJA1044 – High speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode” are also valid for each channel of the TJA1046. Fig 23 shows an example how to integrate the TJA1046 within a typical application together with a 3.3V supplied host microcontroller. To support 3.3V supplied microcontrollers the TJA1046 has a fully compatible interface towards 3.3Vmicrocontroller as long as the microcontroller pins connected to RXDx, TXDx and STBx are 5V tolerant. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 34 of 55 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes 5.2 Hardware application AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking BAT 3V 5V * e.g. 47nF * e.g. 47nF e.g. 47nF VCC2 VCC1 VDD CANH1 RT ** CAN bus RT ** e.g. 100pF TXD1 TXDx RXD2 RXDx C + CAN e.g. 4,7nF STB1 I/O TXD2 TXDy RXD2 RXDy STB2 I/O CANL1 e.g. 100pF TJA1046 CANH2 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes RT ** e.g. 100pF GND CAN bus RT ** e.g. 4,7nF CANL2 e.g. 100pF GND1 GND2 * Size of capacitor depends on regulator. ** For bus line end nodes RT = 60Ohm in order to support the „Split termination concept“. For stub nodes an optional "weak" termination of e.g. RT = 1,3kOhm can be foreseen, if required by the OEM. General remark: A dedicated application may depend on specific OEM requirements. Fig 23. Typical application with TJA1046 and a 3.3V microcontroller AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 35 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 5.3 Footprint The footprint of the TJA1046 can be shared with the one of the single channel transceiver TJA1044 in HVSON package, as depicted in Fig 24. This offers the freedom to adapt a single ECU design towards the needs to support either one or two CAN channels. This is possible because pin 5 of the TJA1044 is internally not bonded and therefore it doesn’t matter if this pin is routed to a µC IO or not. This pin equals pin 11 of the TJA1046 device and with this the mode control pin of channel 2. TXD1 1 GND1 2 14 STB1 13 CANH1 TJA1044 VCC1 3 12 CANL1 RXD1 4 11 STB2 TXD2 5 10 CANH2 GND2 6 9 CANL2 VCC2 7 8 RXD2 5.4 Overtemperature protection Although each transceiver die has its own overtemperature protection circuitry there will be a temperature crosscoupling. Reason is that both dies are on a single piece of silicon and inside the same package. Heating one transceiver, e.g. due to a bus short cut, will result in heating also the other one. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 36 of 55 TJA1046 – Dual high speed CAN transceiver with Standby Modes Fig 24. Shared footprint for TJA1044 and TJA1046 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 6. Hardware application of common pins 6.1 Power Supply Pins 6.1.1 VCC pin The VCC supply provides the current needed for the transmitter and receiver of the high speed CAN transceiver. The VCC supply shall be designed to deliver current of 55 mA in average for the transceiver (see chapter 6.1.2). Typically a capacitor between 47nF and 100nF is recommended being connected between VCC and GND close to the transceiver. This capacitor buffers the supply voltage during the transition from recessive to dominant, when there is a sharp rise in current demand. Using a linear voltage regulator, it is recommended to stabilize the output voltage with an additional bypass capacitor (see chapter 6.1.3) that is usually placed at the output of the voltage regulator. Its purpose is to buffer disturbances on the battery line and to buffer extra supply current demand in the case of bus failures. The calculation of the bypass capacitor value is shown in chapter 6.1.3, while in chapter 6.1.2 the average VCC supply current is calculated for thermal load considerations of the VCC voltage regulator. This can be done in absence and in presence of bus short-circuit conditions. 6.1.2 Thermal load consideration for the VCC voltage regulator The averages VCC supply current can be calculated in absence and in presence of bus short-circuit conditions. Assuming a transmit duty cycle of 50% on pin TXD the maximum average supply current in absence of bus failures calculates to: ICC_norm_avg = 0.5 • (ICC_REC_MAX + ICC_DOM_MAX) Maximum VCC supply current in recessive and dominant state Device ICC_REC_MAX [mA] ICC_DOM_MAX [mA] TJA1057 10 70 TJA1044 10 70 In presence of bus failures the VCC supply current for the transceiver can increase significantly. The maximum dominant VCC supply current ICC_DOM_SC_MAX flows in the case of a short circuit from CANH to GND. Along with the CANH short circuit output current IO(SC) the maximum dominant VCC supply current ICC_DOM_SC_MAX calculates to about 100mA. This results in an average supply current of (100mA + 10mA) / 2 = 55mA in worst case of a short circuit from CANH to GND. The V CC voltage regulator shall be able to handle this average supply current. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 37 of 55 Hardware application of common pins Table 7. AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 6.1.3 Dimensioning the bypass capacitor of the voltage regulator Depending on the power supply concept, the required worst-case bypass capacitor and the extra current demand in the case of bus failures can be calculated. C BUFF I CC _ max_ sc t dom_ max Vmax Dimensioning the capacitor gets very important with a shared voltage supply between transceiver and microcontroller. Here, extra current demand with bus failures may not lead to an unstable supply for the microcontroller. This input is used to determine the bypass capacitor needed to keep the voltage supply stable under the assumption that all the extra current demand has to be delivered from the bypass capacitor. The quiescent current delivered from the voltage regulator to the transceiver is determined by the recessive VCC supply current ICC_REC. In absence of bus failures the maximum extra supply current is calculated by: ΔICC_max = (ICC_DOM_MAX – ICC_REC_MIN) In presence of bus failures the maximum extra supply current may be significantly higher. Considering the worst case of a short circuit from CANH to GND the maximum extra supply current is calculated by: ΔICC_max_sc = (ICC_DOM_SC_MAX – ICC_REC_MIN) Example: With ICC_dom_sc_max = 100 mA and ICC_rec_min = 2 mA the maximum extra supply current calculates to In the case of a short circuit from CANH to GND, the bus is clamped to the recessive state, and according to the CAN protocol the uC transmits 17 subsequent dominant bits on TXD. That would mean the above calculated maximum extra supply current has to be delivered for at least 17 bit times. The reason for the 17 bit times is that at the moment the CAN controller starts a transmission, the dominant Start Of Frame bit is not fed back to RXD and forces an error frame due to the bit failure condition. The first bit of the error frame again is not reflected at RXD and forces the next error frame (TX Error Counter +8). Latest after 17 bit times, depending on the TX Error Counter Level before starting this transmission, the CAN controller reaches the Error Passive limit (128) and stops sending dominant bits. Now a sequence of 25 recessive bits follows (8 Bit Error Delimiter + 3 Bit Intermission + 8 Bit Suspend Transmission) and the VCC supply current becomes reduced to the recessive one. Assuming that the complete extra supply current during the 17 bit times has to be buffered by the bypass capacitor, the worst-case bypass capacitor calculates to: AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 38 of 55 Hardware application of common pins ΔICC_max_sc = 98 mA AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking CBUFF I CC _ max_ sc tdom_ max Vmax Whereas ΔVmax is the maximum allowed voltage drop at pin VCC and tdom_max is the dominant time of 17 bit times at 500kbit/s. Table 8. Average VCC supply current (assuming 500kbit/s) Device ΔICC_max_sc tdom_max ΔVmax CBuFF TJA1057 98mA 34µs 0,5V 10µF TJA1044 98mA 34µs 0,5V 10µF Of course, depending on the regulation capabilities of the used voltage regulator the bypass capacitor may be much smaller. 6.1.4 VIO pin Hardware application of common pins Pin VIO is connected to the microcontroller supply voltage to provide the proper voltage reference for the input threshold of digital input pins and for the HIGH voltage of digital outputs. It defines the ratiometric digital input threshold for interface pins TXD and S and the HIGH-level output voltage for RXD. The TJA1057/3 transceiver provide a continuous level adaptation from as low as 2.95V to 5.25V. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 39 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 6.2 Interface Pins 6.2.1 TXD pin The transceiver receives the digital bit stream to be transmitted onto the bus via the pin TXD. When applied signals at TXD show very fast slopes, it may cause a degradation of the EMC performance. Depending on the OEM an optimal series resistor of up to 1kΩ within the TXD line between transceiver and microcontroller might be useful. Along with pin capacitance this would help to smooth the edges for some degree. For high bus speeds (close to 1 Mbit/s) the additional delay within TXD has to be taken into account. Please consult the dedicated OEM specification regarding TXD connection to the host microcontroller. 6.2.2 RXD pin The analog bit stream received from the bus is output at pin RXD for further processing within the CAN-controller. As with pin TXD a series resistor of up to 1 kΩ can be used to smooth the edges at bit transitions. Again the additional delay within RXD has to be taken into account, if high bus speeds close to 1 Mbit/s are used. Please consult the dedicated OEM specification regarding TXD connection to the host microcontroller. 6.3 Mode control pins STB / S These input pins are mode pins and used for mode control. They are typically directly connected to an output port pin of a microcontroller. The mode control pins have internal pull-ups to VCC to ensure a safe, defined state in case these pins are left floating. As long as S / STB is not correctly driven by the µC during power-on, reset or in case of a system failure, the transceiver stays in Silent respectively Standby mode to prevent the bus to be driven dominant. If the S / STB pins are not used they shall be connected to GND to enable a default Normal mode. The transceiver is connected to the bus via pin CANH/L. Nodes connected to the bus end must show a differential termination, which is approximately equal to the characteristic impedance of the bus line in order to suppress signal reflection. Instead of a one-resistor termination it is highly recommended using the so-called Split Termination, illustrated in Fig 19 EMC measurements have shown that the Split Termination is able to improve significantly the signal symmetry between CANH and CANL, thus reducing emission. Basically each of the two termination resistors is split into two resistors of equal value, i.e. two resistors of 60 (or 62) instead of one resistor of 120. The special characteristic of this approach is that the common mode signal, available at the centre tap of the termination, is terminated to ground via a capacitor. The recommended value for this capacitor is in the range of 4,7nF to 47nF and is normally defined by the OEM. As the symmetry of the two signal lines is crucial for the emission performance of the system, the matching tolerance of the two termination resistors should be as low as possible (desired: <1%). AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 40 of 55 Hardware application of common pins 6.4 Bus Pins CANH / CANL AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Additionally it is recommended to load the CANH and CANL pin each with a capacitor of about 100pF close to the connector of the ECU (see Fig 19). The main reason is to increase the robustness to automotive transients and ESD. The matching tolerance of the two capacitors should be as good as possible. OEMs might have dedicated circuits prescribed in their specifications. Please refer to the corresponding OEM specifications for individual details. 6.5 PCB layout rules (check list) Following guidelines should be considered for the PCB layout. When a common mode choke is used, it should be placed close to the transceiver bus pins CANH and CANL. The PCB tracks for the bus signals CANH and CANL should be routed close together in a symmetrical way. Its length should not exceed 10cm. Avoid routing other “off-board” signal lines parallel to the CANH/CANL lines on the PCB due to potential “single ended” noise injection into CAN wires. The ESD protection should be connected close to the ECU connector bus terminals. Place VCC capacitor close to transceiver pin. The track length between communication controller / µC and transceiver should be as short as possible The ground impedance between communication controller (µC) and transceiver should be as low as possible. Avoid applying filter elements into the GND signal of the µC or the transceiver. GND has to be the same for Transceiver, the µC and the external bus system. Hardware application of common pins AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 41 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 7. Appendix 7.1 Pin FMEA This chapter provides an FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) for typical failure situations, when dedicated pins of the 3rd generation HS-CAN transceivers are shortcircuited to supply voltages like VBAT, VCC/VIO, GND or to neighbored pins or simply left open. The individual failures are classified, due to their corresponding effects on the transceiver and bus communication in Table 9. Table 9. Class Classification of failure effects Effects A - Damage to transceiver - Bus may be affected B - No damage to transceiver - No bus communication possible C - No damage to transceiver - Bus communication possible - Corrupted node excluded from communication D - No damage to transceiver - Bus communication possible - Reduced functionality of transceiver 7.1.1 TJA1057 Table 10. TJA1057 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to VBAT and VCC Short to VBAT (12V … 40 V) Class Remark Short to VCC (5V) Class Remark (1) TXD A Limiting value exceeded C TXD clamped recessive (2) GND C Node is left unpowered C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (3) VCC A Limiting value exceeded - (4) RXD A Limiting value exceeded C (5) n.c. - (6) CANL B No bus communication B No bus communication (7) CANH D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible (8) S A Limiting value exceeded C Normal Mode not selectable - AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis - RXD clamped recessive; Bus communication may be disturbed - Appendix / Pin FMEA Pin © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 42 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 11. TJA1057 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to GND and open Pin Short to GND Class Open Remark Class TXD dominant clamping; Transmitter is disabled Remark (1) TXD C C TXD clamped recessive (2) GND - C Undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (3) VCC C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (4) RXD C RXD clamped dominant C Node may produce error frames until bus-off is entered (5) n.c. - (6) CANL C Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible C Transmission not possible (7) CANH B No bus communication C Transmission not possible (8) S D Silent Mode not selectable D Silent Mode not selectable - - - - Table 12. TJA1057 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to neighbored pins Pin Short to neighbored pin Class Remark C Transmitter disabled after TXD dominant timeout GND - VCC C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus VCC - RXD C RXD clamped recessive n.c. - CANL - - CANL - CANH B No bus communication CANH - S C TRX is not able to enter Normal Mode if the bus is driven dominant Appendix / Pin FMEA TXD - GND AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 43 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 7.1.3 TJA1057/3 Table 13. TJA1057/3 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to VBAT and VCC/VIO Short to VBAT (12V … 40 V) Pin Class Remark Short to VCC/VIO (5V) Class Remark (1) TXD A Limiting value exceeded C TXD clamped recessive (2) GND C Node is left unpowered C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (3) VCC A Limiting value exceeded - (4) RXD A Limiting value exceeded C (5) VIO A Limiting value exceeded - (6) CANL B No bus communication B No bus communication (7) CANH D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible (8) S A Limiting value exceeded C Normal Mode not selectable RXD clamped recessive; Bus communication may be disturbed Appendix / Pin FMEA - AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 44 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 14. TJA1057/3 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to GND and open Pin Short to GND Class (1) TXD C (2) GND - (3) VCC C (4) RXD Open Remark Class TXD dominant clamping; Transmitter is disabled Remark C TXD clamped recessive C Undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus C RXD clamped dominant C Node may produce error frames until bus-off is entered (5) VIO C VIO undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus C VIO undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (6) CANL C Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible C Transmission not possible (7) CANH B No bus communication C Transmission not possible (8) S D Silent Mode not selectable D Silent Mode not selectable - Table 15. TJA1057/3 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to neighbored pins Pin Short to neighbored pin Class Remark C Transmitter disabled after TXD dominant timeout GND - VCC C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus VCC - RXD C RXD clamped recessive VIO - CANL B No bus communication CANL - CANH B No bus communication CANH - S C TRX is not able to enter Normal Mode if the bus is driven dominant Appendix / Pin FMEA TXD - GND AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 45 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 7.1.4 TJA1044 Table 16. TJA1044 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to VBAT and VCC Short to VBAT (12V … 40 V) Pin Class Remark Short to VCC (5V) Class Remark (1) TXD A Limiting value exceeded C TXD clamped recessive (2) GND C Node is left unpowered C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters - Standby Mode (TJA1042/3) - Off Mode (TJA1042) (3) VCC A Limiting value exceeded - (4) RXD A Limiting value exceeded C (5) n.c. - (6) CANL B No bus communication B No bus communication (7) CANH D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible D Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible (8) STB A Limiting value exceeded C Normal Mode not selectable - RXD clamped recessive; Bus communication may be disturbed - Appendix / Pin FMEA - - AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 46 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 17. TJA1044 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to GND and open Pin Short to GND Class Open Remark Class TXD dominant clamping; Transmitter is disabled Remark (1) TXD C C TXD clamped recessive (2) GND - C Undervoltage detected; TRX enters Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (3) VCC C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Standby Mode C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Standby Mode (4) RXD C RXD clamped dominant C Node may produce error frames until bus-off is entered (5) n.c. - (6) CANL C Degration of EMC; Bit timing violation possible C Transmission not possible (7) CANH B No bus communication C Transmission not possible (8) STB D Standby Mode not selectable C Normal Mode not selectable - - - - Table 18. TJA1044 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to neighbored pins Pin Short to neighbored pin Class Remark C Transmitter disabled after TXD dominant timeout GND - VCC C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX enters Standby Mode VCC - RXD C RXD clamped recessive n.c. - CANL - - CANL - CANH B No bus communication CANH - STB C TRX is not able to enter Normal Mode if the bus is driven dominant Appendix / Pin FMEA TXD - GND AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 47 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 7.1.6 TJA1046 Table 19. TJA1046 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to VBAT and VCC Short to VBAT (12V … 42 V) Pin Class Remark Short to VCC (5V) Class Remark (1) TXD1 A Limiting value exceeded C TXD1 clamped recessive (2) GND1 C Node is left unpowered C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX1 CAN bus off (3) VCC1 A Limiting value exceeded - (4) RXD1 A Limiting value exceeded C RXD1 clamped recessive; Channel 1 bus communication may be disturbed (5) TXD2 A Limiting value exceeded C TXD2 clamped recessive (6) GND2 C Node is left unpowered C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX2 CAN bus off (7) VCC2 A Limiting value exceeded - (8) RXD2 A Limiting value exceeded C RXD2 clamped recessive; Channel 2 bus communication may be disturbed (9) CANL2 B Channel 2 no bus communication B Channel 2 no bus communication (10) CANH2 D Channel 2 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible D Channel 2 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible (11) STB2 A Limiting value exceeded D Channel 2 Normal Mode not selectable (12) CANL1 B Channel 1 no bus communication B Channel 1 no bus communication (13) CANH1 D Channel 1 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible D Channel 1 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible (14) STB1 A Limiting value exceeded D Channel 1 Normal Mode not selectable - Appendix / Pin FMEA - AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 48 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 20. TJA1046 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to GND and open Pin Short to GND Class C (2) GND1 - (3) VCC1 C (4) RXD1 TXD1 dominant clamping; Transmitter is disabled Class Remark C TXD1 internally kept recessive C Undervoltage detected; TRX1 enter Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus VCC undervoltage detected; TRX1 CAN bus off C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX1 CAN bus off C RXD1 clamped dominant C Node may produce error frames on channel 1 until bus-off is entered (5) TXD2 C TXD2 dominant clamping; Transmitter is disabled C TXD2 internally kept recessive (6) GND2 - C Undervoltage detected; TRX2 enter Off Mode and behaves passive to the bus (7) VCC2 C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX2 CAN bus off C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX2 CAN bus off (8) RXD2 C RXD2 clamped dominant C Node may produce error frames on channel 2 until bus-off is entered (9) CANL2 D Channel 2 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible C Channel 2 transmission not possible (10) CANH2 B Channel 2 no bus communication C Channel 2 transmission not possible (11) STB2 C Channel 2 Standby Mode not selectable C Channel 2 Normal Mode not selectable (12) CANL1 D Channel 1 degradation of EMC; Bit timing violation possible C Channel 1 transmission not possible (13) CANH1 B Channel 1 no bus communication C Channel 1 transmission not possible (14) STB1 C Channel 1 Standby Mode not selectable C Channel 1 Normal Mode not selectable - - Appendix / Pin FMEA (1) TXD1 Remark Open AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 49 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Table 21. TJA1046 FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits to neighbored pins Pin Short to neighbored pin Class Remark C Transmitter 1 disabled after TXD1 dominant timeout GND1 - VCC1 C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX1 CAN bus off VCC - RXD1 C RXD 1 clamped recessive RXD1 – TXD2 C Temporary channel 2 bus blocking possible; CAN bus 2 is released after TXD2 dominant timeout; error frames for channel 1 possible; incorrectly received data from CAN bus 1 at CAN controller 1 possible TXD2 – GND2 C Transmitter 2 disabled after TXD2 dominant timeout GND2 – VCC2 C VCC undervoltage detected; TRX2 CAN bus off RXD2 – CANL2 C RXD dominant threshold may not be reached; bit timing violation possible CANL2 - CANH2 B No bus communication on channel 2 CANH2 – STB2 D TRX2 is not able to enter Normal Mode if the bus is driven dominant STB2 – CANL1 D TRX2 is not able to enter Standby Mode if the bus is driven dominant CANL1 - CANH1 B No bus communication on channel 1 CANH1 - STB1 D TRX1 is not able to enter Normal Mode if the bus is driven dominant Appendix / Pin FMEA TXD1 – GND1 AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 50 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 7.2 Simulation models Appendix / Simulation models For all NXP HS-CAN transceivers simulation models are available latest at product release. The target simulator are System Vision and SABER/HDL. Please contact NXP Semiconductors for further details. AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 51 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 8. Abbreviations Table 22. Abbreviations Description CAN Controller Area Network Clamp-15 ECU architecture, Battery supply line after the ignition key, module is temporarily supplied by the battery only (when ignition key is on) Clamp-30 ECU architecture, direct battery supply line before the ignition key, module is permanently supplied by the battery DLC Data Link Control ECU Electronic Control Unit EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility ESD Electrostatic Discharge FMEA Failure Mode and Effects Analysis OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer PCB Printed Circuit Board Abbreviations Acronym AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 52 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 9. References Product data sheet TJA1044, High-speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode – NXP Semiconductors [2] Product data sheet TJA1051, High-speed CAN transceiver – NXP Semiconductors [3] Product data sheet TJA1046, Dual High-speed CAN transceiver with Standby Mode – NXP Semiconductors [4] TR1014 Application Hints - Standalone high speed CAN transceiver TJA1042 / TJA1043 / TJA1048 / TJA1051, NXP Semiconductors, Document Number: AH1014 [5] TR1135 Rules and recommendations for in-vehicle CAN networks, NXP Semiconductors [6] Road Vehicles – Controller Area Network (CAN) – Part 2: High-speed medium access unit, ISO 11898-2, International Standardization Organization, 2003 [7] Road Vehicles – Controller Area Network (CAN) – Part 5: High-speed medium access unit with low power mode, ISO 11898-5, International Standardization Organization, 2007 [8] High Speed CAN (HSC) for Vehicle Applications at 500kbps - SAE J2284, 2009 References [1] AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 53 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking 10. Legal information 10.1 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. 10.2 Disclaimers General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of a NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is for the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. Rev. 2.0 — 30 April 2015 54 of 55 AH1308 NXP Semiconductors Systems & Applications, PL In-Vehicle Networking Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in the section 'Legal information'. © NXP B.V. 2013-2015. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, email to: [email protected] Date of release: 30 April 2015 Document identifier: AH1308_v2.0_Application Hints Mantis