Freescale Semiconductor Application Note AN3162 Rev 0, 02/2007 434 MHz Wireless Triple Axis Accelerometer Reference Design ESTAR by: Petr Gargulák and Pavel Lajšner Rožnov Czech System Center Czech Republic The 434 MHz Wireless Triple Axis Accelerometer Reference Design (ESTAR) is a wireless successor of the popular STAR board described in AN3112 (part of RD3112MMA7260Q). It’s a new generation demonstration tool that is designed to allow visualization of key accelerometer applications in the consumer industry through the low-cost 433.92 MHz wireless solution application. The ESTAR is a two-board application where a MMA7260QT triple axis accelerometer is controlled by an 8-bit MCU, MC9S08QG8, connected via a wireless link to a computer. The computer-side board (USB stick) resides in the PC’s USB slot. For the USB communication, a full speed USB 2.0 8-bit microcontroller, MCHC908JW32, is employed. Both sides contain the Freescale transceiver MC33696. Table of Contents 1 Application Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.1 Featured Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.1.1 Triple Axis Accelerometer MMA7260QT . . . . . .2 1.1.2 Microcontroller MC9S08QG8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.1.3 MC33696 ISM Bands Low Power Transceiver . .2 1.1.4 Microcontroller MCHC908JW32 . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2 ESTAR Reference Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 3 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 3.1 PC Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 5 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 6 Appendix A - ESTAR Board Schematics, PCBs and Plastic Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 MC33696 MC33696 S08QG8 HC908JW32 MMA7260QT Figure 1. ESTAR Design Overview (boards are not in scale) This document contains information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2007. All rights reserved. 1 APPLICATION FEATURES Features of the 434 MHz Wireless Triple Axis Accelerometer Reference Design include: • Sensing of acceleration in 3 axes across four ranges (0-1.5 g, 2 g, 4 g and 6 g) • Wireless communication of sensor data through 433.92 MHz • Typical wireless range of 20 m, two walls or one floor • Data rate of 19200 kb/s, half duplex • USB communication of the receiver part – Virtual serial port class - interface for GUI and terminal – HID class - mouse for windows • 2 push buttons which provide: – wake-up function – user functions, mouse buttons for HID class • Current consumption – in normal run mode: 4.5 - 5.5 mA depending on battery voltage – in sleep mode: less than 4.5 µA • Support low power mode for all parts • Sensor Board powered by a coin-sized CR2032 battery 8-bit/16-bit working modes 1.1 Featured Products This demo consists of several Freescale products whose main features are listed below. 1.1.1 Triple Axis Accelerometer MMA7260QT The ESTAR board is a demonstration tool for the MMA7260QT, a 3-Axes low-g accelerometer. The MMA7260QT has many unique features that make it an ideal solution for many consumer applications, such as freefall protection for laptops and MP3 players, tilt detection for e-compass compensation and mobile phone scrolling, motion detection for handheld games and game controllers, position sensing for g-mice, shock detection for warranty monitors, and vibration for out of balance detection. Features such as low power, low current, and a sleep mode with a quick turn on time, allow the battery life to be extended in end use applications. The 3-axes sensing in a small QFN package requires only a 6 mm x 6 mm board space, with a profile of 1.45 mm, allowing for easy integration into many small handheld electronics. There are several other derivatives of the MMA7260QT, including: MMA7261QT with a selectable 2.5 g to 10 g range MMA6270QT is an XY dual axes accelerometer MMA6280QT is an XZ dual axes accelerometer All members of this sensor family are footprint (QFN package) compatible which simplifies evaluation and design of the target application. 1.1.2 Microcontroller MC9S08QG8 The MC9S08QG8 is a highly integrated member of Freescale’s 8-bit family of microcontrollers based on the highperformance, low-power consumption HCS08 core. Integrating features normally found in larger, more expensive components, the MC9S08QG8 MCU includes a background debugging system and on-chip in-circuit emulation (ICE) with real-time bus capture, providing a single-wire debugging and emulation interface. It also features a programmable 16bit timer / pulse-width modulation (PWM) module (TPM), that is one of the most flexible and cost-effective of its kind. The compact, tightly integrated MC9S08QG8 delivers a versatile combination from a wealth of Freescale peripherals and the advanced features of the HCS08 core, including extended battery life with a maximum performance down to 1.8 V, industry-leading Flash and innovative development support. The MC9S08QG8 is an excellent solution for power and size-sensitive applications, such as wireless communications and handheld devices, small appliances, Simple Media Access Controller (SMAC)-based applications, and toys. MC9S08QG8 Features • Up to 20 MHz operating frequencies at >2.1 volts, and 16 MHz at <2.1 volts • 8 K Flash and 512 bytes RAM • Support for up to 32 interrupt/reset sources • 8-bit modulo timer module with an 8-bit prescaler • Enhanced 8-channel, 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) • Analog comparator module • Three communication interfaces: SCI, SPI and IIC 1.1.3 MC33696 ISM Bands Low Power Transceiver The MC33696 is a highly integrated transceiver designed for low-voltage applications. It includes a programmable PLL for multi-channel applications, an RSSI circuit, a strobe oscillator that periodically wakes up the receiver while a data manager checks the content of incoming messages. A configuration switching feature allows automatic configuration changes between two programmable settings with no need for an MCU. MC33696 Features • 304 MHz, 315 MHz, 426 MHz, 434 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz ISM bands • OOK and FSK transmission and reception • 20 kbps maximum data rate using Manchester coding • 2.1 V to 3.6 V or 5 V supply voltage • Programmable via SPI • 6-kHz PLL frequency step • Current consumption: – 13.5 mA in TX mode – 9.2 mA in RX mode – Less then 1 mA in RX mode with strobe ratio = 1/10 – 250 nA standby and 25 µA off currents • Configuration switching — allows fast switching of two register banks • Receiver includes: – sensitivity of -104 dBm – Digital and analog RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) – Automatic walk-up function (strobe oscillator) – Embedded data processor with programmable word recognition AN3162 2 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor • – Image cancelling mixer – 380-kHz IF filter bandwidth – Fast walk-up time Transmitter includes: – 7 dBm output power – Programmable output power – FSK done by PLL programming 1.1.4 • • • • • Microcontroller MCHC908JW32 The MCHC908JW32 is a member of the low-cost, highperformance M68HC08 Family of 8-bit microcontroller units (MCU’s). All MCU’s in the family use the enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit (CPU08) and are available in a variety of modules, memory sizes and types, and package types. MCHC908JW32 Features • Maximum internal bus frequency: 8 MHz at 3.5-5 V operating voltage • Oscillators: – 4-MHz crystal oscillator clock input with a 32-MHz internal phase-lock loop – Internal 88-kHz RC oscillator for timebase wakeup • 32,768-bytes user program FLASH memory with security feature • 1,024 bytes of on-chip RAM • 29 general-purpose Input/Output (I/O) ports • 8 keyboard interrupt with internal pull-up – 3 pins with direct LED drive – 2 pins with 10 mA current drive for PS/2 connection 2 16-bit, 2-channel Timer Interface Module (TIM) with selectable input capture, output compare, PWM capability on each channel, and external clock input option Timebase module PS/2 clock generator module Serial Peripheral Interface module (SPI) Universal Serial Bus (USB) 2.0 Full Speed functions: – 12 Mbps data rate – Endpoint 0 with an 8-byte transmit buffer and an 8-byte receive buffer – 64-byte endpoint buffer to share amongst endpoints 1-4 ESTAR REFERENCE BOARDS The goal of the ESTAR design is to provide a small portable board with the capability to demonstrate and evaluate various accelerometer applications that accommodate the low-cost low-power wireless connection. Many design considerations were taken into account to offer a small and versatile tool. The Sensor Board is shaped like a ring with a diameter of 35 mm or 1.37 inches. It includes electronic components with a PCB 433.92 MHz antenna, a CR2032 Lithium battery holder, and the two push buttons. The sensor board is designed to fit into a small ring plastic box. The USB stick has 52 x 26 mm board size, the same RF antenna, one push button and USB type “A” plug. Table 1 and Table 2 provide a brief description of the components on the ESTAR boards. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the location of the key components on the boards. Table 1. Components On The ESTAR Sensor Board Component Component Function MMA7260QT 3-axes accelerometer part gives vibration and inertial readings to the board MC9S08QG8 8-bit microprocessor on the sensor board, contains the SMAC stack, can be reprogrammed on-board over the BDM (Background Debug Interface) MC33696 433.92 MHz Low-Power RF transceiver used for wireless transmission Q1 Crystal 24.0 MHz crystal that accompanies MC33696 transceiver B1 and B2 Push Buttons The push buttons are used when the wireless mouse demonstration is active; they act as left and right mouse buttons. D1 and D2 Status LEDs These LEDs provide the user feedback about the sensor board status, transceiver or sleep mode activity PCB Antenna Small footprint antenna for wireless transmission. CR2032 Lithium Battery Provides the power for the sensor board (on bottom side of the sensor board). Holder AN3162 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 3 MC33696 B1 and B2 Buttons MMA7260QT LED Q1 Crystal 433.92 MHz loop antenna CR2032 Battery Holder and MC9S08QG8 on opposite side Figure 2. ESTAR Sensor Board View Table 2. Components On the ESTAR USB Stick Board Component Component function MCHC908JW32 8-bit microprocessor on the USB stick board; contains the SMAC stack and USB driver software. Its main job is bridging the received data from sensor board to the USB. Can be reprogrammed over USB port. MC33696 433.92 MHz Low-Power RF transceiver used for wireless transmission Q1 Crystal 24.0 MHz crystal that accompanies MC33696 transceiver Q2 Crystal Q2 is the 6.0 MHz frequency reference for MCHC908JW32 MCU B1 Push Button The push button is used to change the operation mode of the USB stick (towards PC). D1, D2 and D3 Status LEDs These LEDs provide the user feedback about the USB stick board status, transceiver and USB activity PCB Antenna Small footprint antenna for wireless transmission. J1 USB type “A” plug Provides the USB data connection and power from USB slot USB type “A” plug Status LEDs MC68HC908JW32 MC33696 433.92 MHz loop antenna U3 Voltage regulator and Q1,Q2 crystal on the opposite side B1 mode button Figure 3. ESTAR USB Stick Board View AN3162 4 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 3 SOFTWARE This reference design contains two pieces of software: one in the sensor board and a second one in the USB stick. The software in the sensor board runs in the MCU (MC9S08QG8). It collects sensor data from the MMA7260QT accelerometer, creates a data packet, and sends it over the echo driver using the MC33696 RF transceiver. The sensor data are measured over three channels of an Analog-to-Digital converter, while another GPIO pin controls the sleep mode of the MMA7260QT accelerometer to conserve power. A Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), two GPIO pins, and one 16-bit timer are used for communication with the MC33696. The overall application is powered from a coin-sized CR2032 Lithium battery that is located on the bottom side of the board. The overall average current consumption is below 5.7 mA with 16 data transmissions per second rate. This allows approximately 2 days of continuous operation at this real-time data rate. The simple ESTAR RF protocol also transfers the calibration data. These data are stored in non-volatile Flash memory and are transferred on request. The software and hardware interfacing is shown in Figure 4. MC9S08QG8 software calibration data ESTAR RF protocol handler Sensor data Echo driver Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC) module GPIO SPI module TIM module seb MMA7260QT sleep MC33696 confb Figure 4. ESTAR Sensor Board Software Overview The second piece of software is contained in the USB stick board and its job is to create a “bridge” between the RF link and the USB connection. The sensor and keyboard data are received from the sensor board and stored in the USB stick RAM memory. Another independent process is the USB protocol communication. The USB specifications define several ways of transferring data between the USB peripheral and the PC (called “profiles” or classes). In this demo two classes are demonstrated: • serial communication class (“virtual serial port”) • HID (Human Interface Device) class MicrosoftTM Windows 2000 and Windows XP operating systems contain, by default, a driver support for these classes which makes this solution simple for demonstration purposes. If the serial communication (virtual serial port) is demonstrated, the accelerometric data are available through simple serial protocol compatible with the STAR demo. Thus, most of the RD3112MMA7260QSW is usable also for data visualization. On the other hand, if the HID class is demonstrated, the ESTAR demo behaves as a mouse. By tilting the sensor board, the mouse cursor movement can be controlled. The software and hardware interfacing is shown in Figure 5. MC68HC908JW32 software Sensor & Button data ESTAR RF protocol handler low-level USB protocol driver Echo driver SPI module TIM module “virtual serial port” or mouse USB protocol handler GPIO USB 2.0 Full Speed module MC33696 USB connection to PC Figure 5. ESTAR USB Stick Software Overview AN3162 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 5 3.1 PC Application The PC application was designed for demonstration purposes. This application uses the “virtual serial port” class running on the USB stick. Figure 6. Demo Application RD3152MMA7260QTSW 4 SUMMARY To provide multi-axis sensing using an XYZ-axis low-g acceleration sensor, Freescale combines the MMA7260QT, offering selectable g-ranges of 1.5 g/2 g/4 g/6 g, with the versatile MC9S08QG8 8-bit microcontroller. The MC33696, for use in wireless applications, is a lowcost and low-power transceiver for free ISM band under 1GHz. The MC33696 requires only a few additional external components to be the best choice for use in similar applications. The USB 2.0, with the 8-bit MCHC908JW32 full speed chip, offers plug and play benefits. RD3162MMA7260Q demonstrates: • Consumer and industrial wireless sensing applications • Accelerometer: MMA7260QT (MMA7261QT/MMA6270QT/MMA6271QT/MMA6280QT/ MMA6281QT) – Package: Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) 6 mm x 6 mm x 1.45 mm – Power: Low Voltage 2.2 V to 3.6 V – Low power consumption: 500 µA (3 µA in standby mode) – Selective g range: – 1.5 g, 2 g, 4 g, 6 g (MMA7260QT/MMA6270QT/MMA6280QT) – 2.5 g, 3.3 g, 6.7 g, 10 g (MMA7261QT/MMA6271QT/MMA6281QT) – Response time: 1 ms For more detailed information, refer to the Reference design manual (RD3162). 5 REFERENCES AN3112 Using the Sensing Triple Axis Reference Board (STAR) AN1986 Using the TRIAX Evaluation Board AN3107 Measuring Tilt with Low-g Accelerometers AN3109 Using the MMA7260Q Evaluation Board AN1611 Impact and Tilt Measurement Using Accelerometer AN2961 Echo Driver RD3162 ESTAR Reference Design Manual AN2953 EchoRemote - Evaluation Software For Windows AN2295 Developer's Serial Bootloader for M68HC08 and HCS08 MCU AN3162 6 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 6 APPENDIX A - ESTAR BOARD SCHEMATICS, PCBS AND PLASTIC BOX Figure 7. Photo of Complete ESTAR Demo AN3162 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 7 AN3162 1pF 1% C18 C16 1nF GND L2 39nH GND 100pF C10 C11 1nF C9 100pF 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 GNDPA2 RFOUT GNDPA1 VCC2VCO GNDLNA RFIN VCC2RF RSSIOUT GND C4 6.8pF 1nF Q1 C5 NX3225GA - 24Mhz 1 2 GND C15 1nF MC33696 ECHO+ 100nF 100nF C8 R3 470K - 1% VDD GNDDIG RSSIC SPICLK MOSI MISO CONFB 23 22 21 20 VDD GND 18 17 19 SEB 24 TO MCU only input only output GND BDM VDD + BUTTON2/TXD G_SEL1/RxD SLEEP/BDM BUTTON1/RES LED C1 GND BATT1 470uF/4V Battery/Renata CR2032 SOURCE J2 BDM Figure 8. ESTAR Sensor Board Schematics GND 100nF C6 C7 MISO MOSI SCLK SEB CONFB GND VDD GND GND C14 100nF DATACLK XTALOUT 10 U3 C13 1nF - 5% C12 100pF VDD G_SEL2 CONFB SEB MISO BUTTON1/RES SLEEP/BDM VCCINOUT 11 VDD L1 100nH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VCC2OUT 12 MC33696 + RF MC9S08QG8CDTE C driver ECHO.C / H request signals RSSIC, CONFB, SEB PTA0/KBI0/AD0/TPM1CH0/ACMP1+ PTA5/RESET/IRQ/TCLK PTA1/KBI1/AD1/ACMP1PTA4/BKGD/MS/ACMP1O PTA2/KBI2/AD2/SDA1 Vdd PTA3/KBI3/AD3/SCL1 Vss PTB0/KBI4/AD4/RxD1 PTB7/SCL1/EXTAL PTB1/KBI5/AD5/TxD1 PTB6/SDA1/XTAL PTB2/KBI6/AD6/SPSCK1 PTB5/TPM1CH1/SS1 PTB3/KBI7/AD7/MOSI1 PTB4/MISO1 U2 VCCDIG 13 Timer chanel output MOSI 16 ADC_X 15 ADC_Y 14 ADC_Z 13 G_SEL1/RxD 12 LED1 BUTTON2/TXD 11 SPICLK 10 MOSI 9 3 VCCDIG2 14 MCU 4 31 15 32 9 SWITCH RBGAP GND XTALIN 30 VCC2IN 29 GNDSUBD 27 LVD 28 STROBE 26 VCCIN 25 GNDIO GND 16 2 4 6 1 3 5 GND GND D1 LED 470R R1 LED1 C2 10nF VDD 2 C3 10nF 12 G_SEL2 SLEEP/BDM 1 G_SEL1/RxD SLEEP g-Sel2 g-Sel1 U1 ADC_Y ADC_Z 14 13 BUTTON1/RES GND BUTTON2/TXD ADC_X 15 GND SPICLK MOSI MISO 1 1 1 1 GND SPICLK MOSI MISO TEST POINTS Alps SKRP S1 Alps SKRP S2 BUTTONS GND Z Y X MMA7260QT VDD ACCELEROMETER 3 VDD EGND1 EGND2 EGND3 EGND4 17 18 19 20 VSS 4 1 2 3 4 3 4 1 2 8 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor Copper Silk Screen Solder Mask φ34.5mm Top Bottom 34.5mm=1.36in Figure 9. Layers of the Sensor Board (all views are from top side) AN3162 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 9 AN3162 180 180 R4 R5 Q2 R7 1M GND VDD 1 25 26 OSC1 USB_DUSB_D+ R2 33R R1 33R J1 USB-A-MALE GND FB2 BEAD 1 2 3 4 FB1 BEAD VDD MRESET MIRQ OSC1 RXD TXD 21 23 24 37 38 34 27 28 6 1 48 47 46 45 40 39 36 MRESET MIRQ GND RxD STROBE PTA0 Murata CSTCR6M00G53 2 180 R3 MIRQ C2 100pF Alps SKRP 3 4 GND LED D3 LED D2 LED D1 CONNECTORS, INTERFACES GND 1 2 S1 GND C10 2.2nF R6 1k VDD VDD VDD PTE2/PS2CLK/D+ PTE3/DPTE4/SPCLK PTE5/MOSI PTE6/MISO PTE7/SS C1 10nF 1 3 5 1 3 5 uMON08 J3 Serial J2 2 4 6 2 4 6 PTA0 2 3 12 20 7 4 41 5 SEB CONFB RSSIC 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 22 MOSI MOSI SPICLK MOSI MISO 1 1 GND RSSIC 1 GND RSSIC CONFB 1 SEB CONFB SEB 1 SPICLK 1 1 MOSI MISO TESTPOINTS TxD DATACLK RxD USB_D+ USB_DSPICLK MOSI MISO 30 31 11 10 9 8 C3 1uF 1 C23 1nF DATACLK 1 SWITCH DATACLK SWITCH 3.3pF C22 L1 82nH GND C17 1nF MC33696 + RF GND C15 100pF GNDPA2 RFOUT GNDPA1 VCC2VCO GNDLNA RFIN VCC2RF RSSIOUT VCC_33V 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 GND 4 3 1nF Q1 C6 NX3225GA 24MHz 1 2 GND C5 6.8pF C20 1pF C14 100pF C16 1nF U1 SWITCH 32 VDD VCC_33V Figure 10. ESTAR USB Stick Board Schematics VDD GND VDD GND GND NC NC NC NC GND NC NC NC PTB0 PTB1 PTB5 U2 PTD0 PTD1 PTD2 PTD3 MC68HC908JW32FC PTD4 PTD5 RESET PTD6 IRQ PTD7 CGMXFC PTC0/T1CH0 PTC1/TCLK1 OSC1 PTC2/T1CH1 OSC2 PTC3 PTA0/KBA0 PTA1/KBA1 PTA2/KBA2 PTA3/KBA3 PTA4/KBA4 PTA5/KBA5 PTA6/KBA6 PTA7/KBA7 43 C4 100nF 32 REG25V GND 31 MCU, USB, RS232, MON08 1 2 1 2 35 REG33V 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 30 VDD C13 C12 100p1nF 5% MC33696 ECHO+ VCC2IN 100nF GND 100nF C7 C8 100nF C9 MISO MOSI SCLK R8 470K - 1% GND GNDDIG RSSIC DATACLK SEB SPICLK MOSI MISO CONFB DATACLK RSSIC GND 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 TO MCU 24 GND SEB C11 100n CONFB XTALOUT 10 SWITCH VCCINOUT 11 42 EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND EPGND 29 GNDSUBD VCC2OUT 12 VDD VSS33 VSSPLL 29 33 28 STROBE STROBE VCCDIG 13 VDDPLL VSS 44 27 LVD VCCDIG2 14 L3 15nH 26 VCCIN RBGAP 15 GND XTALIN 9 25 GNDIO GND 16 10 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor Copper Silk Screen Solder Mask Top Bottom 53mm 26mm 26mm = 1.02in 53mm = 2.09in Figure 11. Layers of the USB Stick Board (all views are from top side) AN3162 Sensors Freescale Semiconductor 11 How to Reach Us: Home Page: www.freescale.com Web Support: http://www.freescale.com/support USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Technical Information Center, EL516 2100 East Elliot Road Tempe, Arizona 85284 +1-800-521-6274 or +1-480-768-2130 www.freescale.com/support Europe, Middle East, and Africa: Freescale Halbleiter Deutschland GmbH Technical Information Center Schatzbogen 7 81829 Muenchen, Germany +44 1296 380 456 (English) +46 8 52200080 (English) +49 89 92103 559 (German) +33 1 69 35 48 48 (French) www.freescale.com/support Japan: Freescale Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Headquarters ARCO Tower 15F 1-8-1, Shimo-Meguro, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-0064 Japan 0120 191014 or +81 3 5437 9125 [email protected] Asia/Pacific: Freescale Semiconductor Hong Kong Ltd. Technical Information Center 2 Dai King Street Tai Po Industrial Estate Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong +800 2666 8080 [email protected] For Literature Requests Only: Freescale Semiconductor Literature Distribution Center P.O. Box 5405 Denver, Colorado 80217 1-800-441-2447 or 303-675-2140 Fax: 303-675-2150 [email protected] AN3162 Rev. 0 02/2007 Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters that may be provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”, must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Freescale Semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Freescale Semiconductor product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Freescale Semiconductor and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007. All rights reserved.