Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-TO-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT Features Description 3.0V to 40V input GM34063 has all the functions required for DC-to-DC converters: an internal temperature- compensated ref- Adjustable Output Voltage erence, comparator, controlled duty cycle oscillator Current Limiting with an active current limit circuit, driver, and high- Output Switch Current to 1.5A current output switch. Low Standby Current GM34063 is designed for step-down, step-up and volt- Operating Frequency to 100kHz age-inverting applications by using a minimum number Precision 2% Reference of external components. Application Battery Chargers DSL Modem CD-ROM Motherboards SMPS Power Supply SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 1 8 Driver Collector Switch Collector S Q Q2 Q1 R 7 Ipk Sense 100 2 Switch Emitter Ipk Oscillator CT 3 Comparator - Timing Capacitor 1.25V Reference Regulator V0.1 + 4 5 Comparator Inverting Input GM34063 6 VCC GND (Bottom View) www.gammamicro.com 1 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (TOP VIEW) SOP-8 DIP - 8 VCC Comparator Inventing Input Ipk Sense Driver Collector 8 7 6 VCC Comparator Inventing Input Ipk Sense Driver Collector 5 8 GM34063 AYWW 1 2 Switch Collector Switch Emitter 3 7 6 5 GM34063 AYWW 1 4 GND Timing Capacitor Switch Collector Switch Emitter 2 3 4 GND Timing Capacitor A : Assembly Location Y : Year W W : Weekly ORDERING INFORMATION Operation Ambient Temperature Range Package Shipping GM34063D8T 0 to 70°C DIP-8 60 Units/ Tube GM34063S8T 0 to 70°C SOP-8 100 Units / Tube GM34063S8R 0 to 70°C SOP-8 2,500 Units /Tape &Reel Ordering Number GM34063 * For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page. 2 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SYMBOL VALUE UNIT Power Supply Voltage VCC 40 Vdc Comparator Input Voltage Range VIR -0.3 to + 40 Vdc Switch Collector Voltage VC(Switch) 40 Vdc Switch Emitter Voltage (VPIN1 = 40 V) VE(Switch) 40 Vdc Switch Collector to Emitter Voltage VCE(Switch) 40 Vdc Driver Collector Voltage VC(driver) 40 Vdc Driver Collector Current(Note 1) IC(driver) 100 mA Switch Current ISW 1.5 A Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics Plastic Package, D Suffix TA = 25°C PARAMETER PD 1.25 W Thermal Resistance SOIC Package, S Suffix TA = 25°C RqJA 100 °C/W PD 625 mW Thermal Resistance RqJA 160 °C/W Operating Junction Temperature TJ +150 °C Operating Ambient Temperature Range GM34063 GM34063E TA 0 to + 70 -40 to +125 °C TSTG -65 to +150 °C Storage Temperature Range GM34063 Note 1. Maximum package power dissipation limits must be observed 3 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 5.0 V, TA = TIOW TO Thigh unless otherwise specified) Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Frequency (Vpin5 = 0 V, CT = 1.0nF, TA = 25°C) fOSC 24 33 42 kHz Charge Current (VCC = 5.0V to 40V, TA = 25°C) Ichg 24 35 42 µA Idischg 140 220 260 µA Discharge to Charge Current Ration (Pin 7 to VCC TA = 25°C) Idischg/ Ichg 5.2 6.5 7.5 - Current Limit Sense Voltage (Ichg = Idischg, TA = 25°C ) Vipk(sense) 250 300 350 mV VCE(sat) - 1.0 1.3 V - 0.45 0.7 V 50 75 - µA CHARACTERISTICS OSCILLATOR Discharge Current (VCC = 5.0V to 40V, TA = 25°C) OUTPUT SWITCH (Note 2) Saturation Voltage, Darlington Connection (ISW = 1.0A, Pins 1, 8 connected) Saturation Voltage (Note 3) (ISW = 1.0 A, RPins 8 = 82 W to VCC, Forced b 20) VCE(sat) hFE DC Current Gain (ISW = 1.0 A, VEC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C) IC(Off) Collector Off - State Current (VCE = 40 V) - 40 100 1.225 1.210 1.25 - 1.275 1.29 Regline - 1.4 5.0 mV IIB - -20 -400 nA ICC - - 4.0 mA COMPARATOR Threshold Voltage TA = 25°C V Vth TA = TIOW to Thigh Threshold Voltage Line Regulation (VCC = 3.0V to 40V) Input Bias Current (VIN = 0V) TOTAL DEVICE Supply Current (VCC = 5.0V to 40 V, CT = 1.0 nF, Pin 7 = VCC Vpin5 > Vth Pin 2 = GND remaining pins open) Note 2. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible. Note 3. If the output switch is driven into hard saturation (non-arlington configuration) at low switch currents ( 300 mA) and high driver currents ( 30 mA), it may take up to 2.0 ms for it to come out of saturation. This condition will shorten the off time at frequencies 30 kHz, and is magnified at high temperatures. This condition does not occur with a Darlington configuration, since the output switch cannot saturate. If a non-Darlington configuration is used, the following output drive condition is recommended: Forced b of output switch : IC output IC driver - 7.0 mA* 10 GM34063 * The 100 W resistor in the emitter of the driver device requires about 7.0 mA before the output switch conducts. 4 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 2 3.6 1.8 3.2 1.6 2.8 ICC, Supply Current(mA) 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 VCC = 5V Pin1, 7, 8 =VCC Pin 3, 5 = GND TA = 25°C 0.4 0.2 0 2.4 2 1.6 1.2 0.4 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 CT = 1.0 nF Pin 7 = VCC Pin 2 = GND 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.8 0 5 10 VEC(sat), Saturation Voltage (V) Figure 1:Emitter Follows Configuration Output 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 25 VCE(sat) (mV) Darlington Connection 30 35 40 VCC = 5V IC = 1A 1000 950 900 850 VCC = 5V Pin 7 = VCC Pins 2, 3, 5 = GND TA= 25°C 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 800 750 -40 1.6 ton-off, Output Switch on-off Time(µs) 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 0 40 80 120 TJ (°C) 1000 V = 5.0V 500 CC Pin 7 = VCC 200 Pin 5 = GND TA = 25°C 100 50 400 V CC = 5.0V 380 I chg = Idischg -25 0 Figure 4: Darlington Configuration Collector Emitter Saturation Voltage (VCE(sat)) vs Temperature Figure 3: Common Emitter Configuration Output Switch Saturation Voltage versus Collector Current VIPK(sense), Current Limit Sense Voltage(V) 20 Figure 2: Standley Supply Current Versus Supply Voltage IC, Collector Current(A) 200 -55 15 VCC, Supply Voltage (V) IE Emitter current (A) 25 50 75 100 125 TA, Ambient Temperature(°C) Figure 5: Current Limit Sense Voltage versus Temperature ton 20 10 5.0 toff 2.0 0 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10 CT, Oscillator Timing Capacitor(nF) Figure 6: Output Switch On- Off Time versus Oscillator Timing Capacitor GM34063 VCE Saturation Voltage(V) Typical Performance Characteristics 5 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT Figure 7. External Current Boost Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A Test Conditions Results Line Regulation VIN = 8.0 V to 16 V, IO = 175 mA 30 mV = ± 0.05% Load Regulation VIN = 12 V, IO = 75mA to 175 mA 10mV = ± 0.017% Output Ripple VIN = 12 V, IO =175 mA 400 mVpp Efficiency VIN = 12 V, IO = 175 mA 87.7% Output Ripple With Optional Fitter VIN = 12 V, IO = 175 mA 40 mVpp Step - Up Converter 170 µH L 8 1 180 S Q Q2 R 7 Ipk Osc. RSC 0.22 VIN 12 V Q1 100 1N5819 CT 6 + 100 2 3 VCC 5 + - Comp. 1.25V Reference Regulator CT 1500pF 4 R2 47k GM34063 2.2k 6 R1 330 + VOUT 28 V / 175 mA CO 1.0 µH Optional Filter VOUT + 100 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT External Current Boost Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A 1 8 S Q VOUT Q2 R Q1 7 2 Ipk Oscillator CT RSC 6 VIN 3 Comparator 1.25V Reference Regulator + - 4 5 Figure 6a. External NPN Switch If the output switch is driven into hard saturation (non-Darlington configuration) at low switch currents ( 300 mA) and high driver currents ( 30 mA), it may take up to 2.0 ms to come out of saturation. This condition will shorten the off time at frequencies 30 kHz, and is magnified at high temperatures. This condition does not occure with a Darlington configuration, since the output switch cannot saturate. If a non-Darlington configuration is used, the following output drive condition is recommended. 1 8 S Q Q2 Q1 R 7 2 6 3 Comparator + - 1.25V Reference Regulator 4 R 0 for constant VIN 5 Figure 6b. External NPN Switch GM34063 VIN 100 Ipk Oscillator CT RSC VOUT 7 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT Figure 8. External Current Buck Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A Conditions Results Line Regulation VIN = 15 V to 25 V, IO = 500 mA 12 mV = ± 0.15% Load Regulation VIN = 25 V, IO = 75mA to 500 mA 3.5mV = ± 0.03% VIN = 25 V, IO =500 mA 120 mVpp VIN = 25 V, RL = 0.1W 1.1 A Efficiency VIN = 25 V, IO = 500 mA 83.7% Output Ripple With Optional Fitter VIN = 25 V, IO = 500 mA 40 mVpp Test Output Ripple Short Circuit Current Step - Down Converter 8 1 S Q Q2 R 7 2 Ipk Osc. RSC 0.33 VIN 25 V Q1 100 CT 6 Comp. + 100 VCC 5 + - 1.25V Reference Regulator 1N5819 L 3 CT 220 µH 470pF 4 R2 3.6k GM34063 1.2k 8 R1 470 + VOUT 5.0 V / 500 mA CO 1.0 µH Optional Filter VOUT + 100 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT External Current Buck Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A 8 1 Q2 S Q R Q1 7 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC CT VOUT 6 VIN 3 Comparator 1.25V Reference Regulator + - 4 5 Figure 7a. External NPN Switch 8 1 S Q VOUT Q2 Q1 R 7 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC CT 6 3 Comparator + - 1.25V Reference Regulator Figure 7b. External NPN Switch GM34063 VIN 9 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT Figure 9. External Current Boost Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A Test Conditions Results Line Regulation VIN = 4.5 V to 6.0 V, IO = 100 mA 3.0 mV = ± 0.012% Load Regulation VIN = 5.0 V, IO = 10mA to 100 mA 0.022mV = ± 0.09% VIN = 5.0 V, IO =100 mA 500 mVpp VIN = 5.0 V, RL = 0.1W 910mA Efficiency VIN = 5.0 V, IO = 100 mA 62.2% Output Ripple With Optional Fitter VIN = 5.0 V, IO = 100 mA 70 mVpp Output Ripple Short Circuit Current Voltage Inverting Converter 1 8 S Q Q2 Q1 R 7 100 Ipk Osc. RSC 0.24 VIN 4.5V to 6.0V 2 88µH L CT 6 + 100 VCC + Comp. - 1.25V Reference Regulator 1N5819 3 + 1500 pF 5 4 VOUT -12 V / 100 mA R1 953 GM34063 8.2k 10 R2 1000±F + CO 1.0 µH Optional Filter VOUT 100 + Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT External Current Boost Connections for IC Peak Greater than 1.5A 8 1 S Q Q2 Q1 R 7 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC CT VIN VOUT 6 3 Comparator 1.25V Reference Regulator + - 4 5 Figure 8a. External NPN Switch 8 1 S Q Q2 VOUT Q1 R 7 CT 6 Comparator + 5 3 1.25V Reference Regulator 4 Figure 8b. External NPN Switch GM34063 VIN 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC 11 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT +12V + GND 8 1 + -12V S Q Q2 Q1 R 7 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC CT VIN 6 3 Comparator 1.25V Reference Regulator + - 4 5 Figure 9. Dual Output Voltage + 8 1 S Q Q1 R VIN 7 2 Ipk Oscillator RSC CT 6 3 Comparator GM34063 + - 12 + Q2 5 1.25V Reference Regulator 4 Figure 10. Higher Output Power, Higher Input Voltage VOUT Isolated form input -VOUT Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT DESIGN FORMULAS Step - Up Calculation Voltage - Inverting Step - Down Vout + VF - VIN(min) Vout + VF IVoutI + VF VIN(min) - Vsat VIN(min) - Vsat - Vout VIN - Vsat (ton + toff) 1 f 1 f 1 f toff ton + toff ton +1 toff ton + toff ton +1 toff ton + toff ton +1 toff (ton + toff) - ton (ton + toff) - ton ton / toff ton (ton + toff) - ton CT 4.0 x 10 ton -5 Ipk(switch) 2 Iout(max)( CO ton +1) toff ( (VIN(min) - Vsat) Ipk(switch) ) ton(max) 9 Ioutton Vnpple(pp) -5 4.0 x 10 ton 2 Iout(max) 0.3/ Ipk(switch) RSC L(min) -5 4.0 x 10 ton 2 Iout(max)( 0.3/ Ipk(switch) ( (VIN(min) -Vsat- Vout) Ipk(switch) ) ton(max) Ipk(switch) (ton + toff) 8Vripple(pp) ton +1) toff 0.3/ Ipk(switch) ( (VIN(min) - Vsat) Ipk(switch) ) ton(max) 9 Ioutton Vripple(pp) GM34063 Vsat = Saturation voltage of the output switch. VF = Forward voltage drop of the output rectifier. VIN - Nominal input voltage. Vout - Desired output voltage, Iout - Desired output current. fmin- Minimum desired output switching frequency at the selected values of VIN and IO. Vripple(pp)- Desired peak-to peak output ripple voltage. In practice, the calculated capacitor value will need to be increased due to its equivalent series resistance and board layout. The ripple voltage should be kept to a low value since it will directly affect the line and load regulation. 13 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT SOP-8 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 0.008 +0.0018 -0.0005 0.200 +0.05 -0.01 0 ° ~ 8° 0.028 0.710 +0.013 -0.022 Pad Layout 0.060 +0.33 -0.56 1.52 0.236 ± 0.008 5.990 +0.21 -0.20 0.154 +0.003 -0.004 0.275 0.155 7.0 4.0 PIN INDENT 3.91 ± 0.1 0.024 0.050 0.6 1.270 Inches ( mm ) 0.063 ± 0.005 1.600 ± 0.130 0.191 +0.002 -0.004 4.850 +0.05 -0.10 0.057 NOM 1.450 NOM ( Inches ) mm 0.007 ± 0.003 0.175 ± 0.075 0.050 NOM 1.270 NOM 0.016 +0.004 -0.003 0.410 +0.10 -0.08 DIP-8 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 0.26 ± 0.006 6.60 +0.15 -0.16 0.30 +0.010 -0.015 7.62 +0.25 -0.38 0.36 ± 0.01 9.14 +0.25 -0.26 GM34063 0.365 ± 0.02 9.27 ± 0.51 14 0.13 +0.002 -0.006 3.30 +0.05 -0.15 0.180 MAX 4.570 MAX 0.015 MIN 0.380 MIN 0.125 MIN 3.180 MIN 0.018 ± 0.004 0.46 ± 0.10 0.039 ± 0.07 0.99 ± 0.18 0.06 ± 0.01 1.52 +0.26 -0.25 0.100 NOM 2.540 NOM 0.021 ± 0.005 0.53 +0.12 -0.13 ( Inches ) mm 0.01 +0.002 -0.003 0.25 +0.05 -0.08 Power Management A GM34063 A MICROELECTRONICS 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT ORDERING NUMBER GM 34063 S8 R Circuit Type Shipping T: Tube R: Tape & Reel Package S8: SOP-8 D8: DIP-8 GM34063 Gamma Micro. 15 Power Management A A MICROELECTRONICS GM34063 GM34063 1.5A DC-to-DC CONVERTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 16