ATMEL ATXMEGA128A1

Features
• High-performance, Low-power 8/16-bit AVR XMEGA Microcontroller
• Non-Volatile Program and Data Memories
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
•
64K - 384K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash
4K - 8K Bytes Boot Section with Independent Lock Bits
2 KB - 4 KB EEPROM
4 KB - 32 KB Internal SRAM
External Bus Interface for up to 16M bytes SRAM
External Bus Interface for up to 128M bit SDRAM
Peripheral Features
– Four-channel DMA Controller with support for external requests
– Eight-channel Event System
– Eight 16-bit Timer/Counters
Four Timer/Counters with 4 Output Compare or Input Capture channels
Four Timer/Counters with 2 Output Compare or Input Capture channels
High-Resolution Extension on all Timer/Counters
Advanced Waveform Extension on two Timer/Counters
– Eight USARTs
IrDA modulation/demodulation for one USART
– Four Two-Wire Interfaces with dual address match (I2C and SMBus compatible)
– Four SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) peripherals
– AES and DES Crypto Engine
– 16-bit Real Time Counter with separate Oscillator
– Two Eight-channel, 12-bit, 2 Msps Analog to Digital Converters
– Two Two-channel, 12-bit, 1 Msps Digital to Analog Converters
– Four Analog Comparators with Window compare function
– External Interrupts on all General Purpose I/O pins
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Ultra Low Power Oscillator
Special Microcontroller Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal and External Clock Options with PLL and Prescaler
– Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
– Sleep Modes: Idle, Power-down, Standby, Power-save, Extended Standby
– Advanced Programming, Test and Debugging Interfaces
JTAG (IEEE 1149.1 Compliant) Interface for programming, test and debugging
PDI (Program and Debug Interface) for programming and debugging
I/O and Packages
– 78 Programmable I/O Lines
– 100 - lead TQFP
– 100 - ball CBGA
– 100 - ball VFBGA
Operating Voltage
– 1.6 – 3.6V
Speed performance
– 0 – 12 MHz @ 1.6 – 3.6V
– 0 – 32 MHz @ 2.7 – 3.6V
8/16-bit
XMEGA A1
Microcontroller
ATxmega384A1
ATxmega256A1
ATxmega192A1
ATxmega128A1
ATxmega64A1
Preliminary
Typical Applications
•
•
•
•
•
Industrial control
Factory automation
Building control
Board control
White Goods
•
•
•
•
•
Climate control
ZigBee
Motor control
Networking
Optical
•
•
•
•
•
Hand-held battery applications
Power tools
HVAC
Metering
Medical Applications
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
‘
1. Ordering Information
Ordering Code
Flash (B)
E2
SRAM
Speed (MHz)
Power Supply
ATxmega384A1-AU
384K + 8K
4 KB
32 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega256A1-AU
256K + 8K
4 KB
16 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega192A1-AU
192K + 8K
2 KB
16 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega128A1-AU
128K + 8K
2 KB
8 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega64A1-AU
64K + 4K
2 KB
4 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega384A1-CU
384K + 8K
4 KB
32 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega256A1-CU
256K + 8K
4 KB
16 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega192A1-CU
192K + 8K
2 KB
16 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega128A1-CU
128K + 8K
2 KB
8 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega64A1-CU
64K + 4K
2 KB
4 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega128A1-C7U
128K + 8K
2 KB
8 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
ATxmega64A1-C7U
64K + 4K
2 KB
4 KB
32
1.6 - 3.6V
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
Package(1)(2)(3)
Temp
100A
-40°C - 85°C
100C1
100C2
This device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact your local Atmel sales office for detailed ordering information.
Pb-free packaging, complies to the European Directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS directive). Also Halide free and fully Green.
For packaging information, see “Packaging information” on page 61.
Package Type
100A
100-lead, 14 x 14 x 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
100C1
100-ball, 9 x 9 x 1.2 mm Body, Ball Pitch 0.88 mm, Chip Ball Grid Array (CBGA)
100C2
100-ball, 7 x 7 x 1.0 mm Body, Ball Pitch 0.65 mm, Very Thin Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array (VFBGA)
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
2. Pinout/Block Diagram
Block diagram and pinout
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
AVCC
GND
PR1
PR0
RESET/PDI
PDI
PQ3
PQ2
PQ1
PQ0
GND
VCC
PK7
PK6
PK5
PK4
PK3
PK2
PK1
Figure 2-1.
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
INDEX CORNER
Port Q
Port R
DATA BU S
OSC/CLK
Contro l
DAC A
AC A0
Power
Contro l
AC A1
BOD
VREF
POR
TEMP
RTC
OCD
FLASH
CPU
ADC B
Reset
Contro l
DAC B
RAM
DMA
AC B0
Port K
External Bus Interface
Port A
ADC A
Port B
E 2 PROM
Interrupt Controlle r
Watchdog
AC B1
Event System ctrl
Port J
Port H
DATA BU S
Port C
Port D
Port E
SPI
TWI
T/C0:1
USART0:1
SPI
TWI
T/C0:1
USART0:1
SPI
TWI
T/C0:1
USART0/1
SPI
TWI
T/C0:1
EVENT ROUTING NETWORK
USART0:1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Port F
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
PK0
VCC
GND
PJ7
PJ6
PJ5
PJ4
PJ3
PJ2
PJ1
PJ0
VCC
GND
PH7
PH6
PH5
PH4
PH3
PH2
PH1
PH0
VCC
GND
PF7
PF6
PD1
PD2
PD3
PD4
PD5
PD6
PD7
GND
VCC
PE0
PE1
PE2
PE3
PE4
PE5
PE6
PE7
GND
VCC
PF0
PF1
PF2
PF3
PF4
PF5
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
PA6
PA7
GND
AVCC
PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3
PB4
PB5
PB6
PB7
GND
VCC
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
GND
VCC
PD0
Note:
For full details on pinout and pin functions refer to “Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 49.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Figure 2-2.
CBGA-pinout
Top view
1
2
3
4
5
6
Bottom view
7
8
9
10
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
E
F
F
G
G
H
H
J
J
K
K
Table 2-1.
CBGA-pinout
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
PK0
VCC
GND
PJ3
VCC
GND
PH1
GND
VCC
PF7
B
PK3
PK2
PK1
PJ4
PH7
PH4
PH2
PH0
PF6
PF5
C
VCC
PK5
PK4
PJ5
PJ0
PH5
PH3
PF2
PF3
VCC
D
GND
PK6
PK7
PJ6
PJ1
PH6
PF0
PF1
PF4
GND
E
PQ0
PQ1
PQ2
PJ7
PJ2
PE7
PE6
PE5
PE4
PE3
PR1
PR0
RESET/
PDI_CLK
PDI_DATA
PQ3
PC2
PE2
PE1
PE0
VCC
G
GND
PA1
PA4
PB3
PB4
PC1
PC6
PD7
PD6
GND
H
AVCC
PA2
PA5
PB2
PB5
PC0
PC5
PD5
PD4
PD3
J
PA0
PA3
PB0
PB1
PB6
PC3
PC4
PC7
PD2
PD1
K
PA6
PA7
GND
AVCC
PB7
VCC
GND
VCC
GND
PD0
F
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
3. Overview
The XMEGA™ A1 is a family of low power, high performance and peripheral rich CMOS 8/16-bit
microcontrollers based on the AVR ® enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful
instructions in a single clock cycle, the XMEGA A1 achieves throughputs approaching 1 Million
Instructions Per Second (MIPS) per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
The AVR CPU combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the
32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent
registers to be accessed in one single instruction, executed in one clock cycle. The resulting
architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs many times faster than conventional single-accumulator or CISC based microcontrollers.
The XMEGA A1 devices provides the following features: In-System Programmable Flash with
Read-While-Write capabilities, Internal EEPROM and SRAM, four-channel DMA Controller,
eight-channel Event System, Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller, 78 general purpose
I/O lines, 16-bit Real Time Counter (RTC), eight flexible 16-bit Timer/Counters with compare
modes and PWM, eight USARTs, four Two Wire Serial Interfaces (TWIs), four Serial Peripheral
Interfaces (SPIs), AES and DES crypto engine, two 8-channel, 12-bit ADCs with optional differential input with programmable gain, two 2-channel, 12-bit DACs, four analog comparators with
window mode, programmable Watchdog Timer with seperate Internal Oscillator, accurate internal oscillators with PLL and prescaler and programmable Brown-Out Detection.
The Program and Debug Interface (PDI), a fast 2-pin interface for programming and debugging,
is available. The devices also have an IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant JTAG test interface, and this
can also be used for On-chip Debug and programming.
The XMEGA A1 devices have five software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode
stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, DMA Controller, Event System, Interrupt Controller and
all peripherals to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the SRAM and register
contents but stops the oscillators, disabling all other functions until the next TWI or pin-change
interrupt, or Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous Real Time Counter continues to run,
allowing the application to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. In
Standby mode, the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is kept running while the rest of the device is
sleeping. This allows very fast start-up from external crystal combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue
to run. To further reduce power consumption, the peripheral clock to each individual peripheral
can optionally be stopped in Active mode and Idle sleep mode.
The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The program Flash memory can be reprogrammed in-system through the PDI or JTAG. A Bootloader
running in the device can use any interface to download the application program to the Flash
memory. The Bootloader software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an
8/16-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash, the Atmel XMEGA A1 is a powerful microcontroller family that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution for many
embedded applications.
The XMEGA A1 devices are supported with a full suite of program and system development
tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, programmers,
and evaluation kits.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
3.1
Block Diagram
Figure 3-1.
XMEGA A1 Block Diagram
PR[0..1]
XTAL1
PQ[0..3]
TOSC1
TOSC2
PORT R (2)
PORT Q (4)
XTAL2
Oscillator
Circuits/
Clock
Generation
EVENT ROUTING NETWORK
Real Time
Counter
Watchdog
Timer
DATA BUS
DACA
PA[0..7]
Watchdog
Oscillator
PORT A (8)
Event System
Controller
SRAM
ACA
DMA
Controller
ADCA
VCC
Power
Supervision
POR/BOD &
RESET
Oscillator
Control
GND
Sleep
Controller
RESET/
PDI_CLK
PDI
AREFA
BUS
Controller
VCC/10
PDI_DATA
Prog/Debug
Controller
JTAG
Int. Ref.
Tempref
DES
PORT B
OCD
AREFB
CPU
Interrupt
Controller
AES
ADCB
ACB
PORT K (8)
PK[0..7]
PORT J (8)
PJ[0..7]
PORT H (8)
PH[0..7]
NVM Controller
PB[0..7]/
JTAG
EBI
PORT B (8)
Flash
EEPROM
DACB
IRCOM
DATA BUS
PC[0..7]
PORT D (8)
PD[0..7]
PE[0..7]
SPIF
TWIF
TCF0:1
USARTF0:1
SPIE
PORT E (8)
TWIE
TCE0:1
USARTE0:1
TWID
SPID
USARTD0:1
TCD0:1
SPIC
PORT C (8)
TWIC
USARTC0:1
TCC0:1
EVENT ROUTING NETWORK
PORT F (8)
PF[0..7]
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
4. Resources
A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for
download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.
4.1
Recommended reading
• XMEGA A Manual
• XMEGA A Application Notes
This device data sheet only contains part specific information and a short description of each
peripheral and module. The XMEGA A Manual describes the modules and peripherals in depth.
The XMEGA A application notes contain example code and show applied use of the modules
and peripherals.
The XMEGA A Manual and Application Notes are available from http://www.atmel.com/avr.
5. Disclaimer
For devices that are not available yet, typical values contained in this datasheet are based on
simulations and characterization of other AVR XMEGA microcontrollers manufactured on the
same process technology. Min. and Max values will be available after the device is
characterized.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
6. AVR CPU
6.1
Features
• 8/16-bit high performance AVR RISC Architecture
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6.2
– 138 instructions
– Hardware multiplier
32x8-bit registers directly connected to the ALU
Stack in SRAM
Stack Pointer accessible in I/O memory space
Direct addressing of up to 16M Bytes of program and data memory
True 16/24-bit access to 16/24-bit I/O registers
Support for 8-, 16- and 32-bit Arithmetic
Configuration Change Protection of system critical features
Overview
The XMEGA A1 uses the 8/16-bit AVR CPU. The main function of the CPU is program execution. The CPU must therefore be able to access memories, perform calculations and control
peripherals. Interrupt handling is described in a separate section. Figure 6-1 on page 8 shows
the CPU block diagram.
Figure 6-1.
CPU block diagram
DATA BUS
Flash
Program
Memory
Program
Counter
OCD
Instruction
Register
STATUS/
CONTROL
Instruction
Decode
32 x 8 General
Purpose
Registers
ALU
Multiplier/
DES
DATA BUS
Peripheral
Module 1
Peripheral
Module 2
SRAM
EEPROM
PMIC
The AVR uses a Harvard architecture - with separate memories and buses for program and
data. Instructions in the program memory are executed with a single level pipeline. While one
instruction is being executed, the next instruction is pre-fetched from the program memory. This
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
concept enables instructions to be executed in every clock cycle. The program memory is InSystem Self-Programmable Flash memory.
6.3
Register File
The fast-access Register File contains 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers with single
clock cycle access time. This allows single-cycle Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) operation. In a typical ALU cycle, the operation is performed on two Register File operands, and the result is stored
back in the Register File.
Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit address register pointers for data space
addressing - enabling efficient address calculations. One of these address pointers can also be
used as an address pointer for look up tables in Flash program memory.
6.4
ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit
The high performance Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) supports arithmetic and logic operations
between registers or between a constant and a register. Single register operations can also be
executed. Within a single clock cycle, arithmetic operations between general purpose registers
or between a register and an immediate are executed. After an arithmetic or logic operation, the
Status Register is updated to reflect information about the result of the operation.
The ALU operations are divided into three main categories – arithmetic, logical, and bit-functions. Both 8- and 16-bit arithmetic is supported, and the instruction set allows for efficient
implementation of 32-bit aritmetic. The ALU also provides a powerful multiplier supporting both
signed and unsigned multiplication and fractional format.
6.5
Program Flow
When the device is powered on, the CPU starts to execute instructions from the lowest address
in the Flash Program Memory ‘0’. The Program Counter (PC) addresses the next instruction to
be fetched. After a reset, the PC is set to location ‘0’.
Program flow is provided by conditional and unconditional jump and call instructions, capable of
addressing the whole address space directly. Most AVR instructions use a 16-bit word format,
while a limited number uses a 32-bit format.
During interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address PC is stored on the Stack. The Stack
is effectively allocated in the general data SRAM, and consequently the Stack size is only limited
by the total SRAM size and the usage of the SRAM. After reset the Stack Pointer (SP) points to
the highest address in the internal SRAM. The SP is read/write accessible in the I/O memory
space, enabling easy implementation of multiple stacks or stack areas. The data SRAM can
easily be accessed through the five different addressing modes supported in the AVR CPU.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
7. Memories
7.1
Features
• Flash Program Memory
– One linear address space
– In-System Programmable
– Self-Programming and Bootloader support
– Application Section for application code
– Application Table Section for application code or data storage
– Boot Section for application code or bootloader code
– Separate lock bits and protection for all sections
– Built in fast CRC check of a selectable flash program memory section
• Data Memory
– One linear address space
– Single cycle access from CPU
– SRAM
– EEPROM
Byte and page accessible
Optional memory mapping for direct load and store
– I/O Memory
Configuration and Status registers for all peripherals and modules
16 bit-accessible General Purpose Register for global variables or flags
– External Memory support
SRAM
SDRAM
Memory mapped external hardware
– Bus arbitration
Safe and deterministic handling of CPU and DMA Controller priority
– Separate buses for SRAM, EEPROM, I/O Memory and External Memory access
Simultaneous bus access for CPU and DMA Controller
• Production Signature Row Memory for factory programmed data
Device ID for each microcontroller device type
Serial number for each device
Oscillator calibration bytes
ADC, DAC and temperature sensor calibration data
• User Signature Row
One flash page in size
Can be read and written from software
Content is kept after chip erase
7.2
Overview
The AVR architecture has two main memory spaces, the Program Memory and the Data Memory. In addition, the XMEGA A1 features an EEPROM Memory for non-volatile data storage. All
three memory spaces are linear and require no paging. The available memory size configurations are shown in “Ordering Information” on page 2. In addition each device has a Flash
memory signature row for calibration data, device identification, serial number etc.
Non-volatile memory spaces can be locked for further write or read/write operations. This prevents unrestricted access to the application software.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
7.3
In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory
The XMEGA A1 devices contain On-chip In-System Programmable Flash memory for program
storage, see Figure 7-1 on page 11. Since all AVR instructions are 16- or 32-bits wide, each
Flash address location is 16 bits.
The Program Flash memory space is divided into Application and Boot sections. Both sections
have dedicated Lock Bits for setting restrictions on write or read/write operations. The Store Program Memory (SPM) instruction must reside in the Boot Section when used to write to the Flash
memory.
A third section inside the Application section is referred to as the Application Table section which
has separate Lock bits for storage of write or read/write protection. The Application Table section can be used for storing non-volatile data or application software.
Figure 7-1.
Flash Program Memory (Hexadecimal address)
Word Address
0
Application Section (Bytes)
(384K/256K/192K/128K/64K)
...
2EFFF
/
1EFFF
/
16FFF
/
EFFF
/
77FF
2F000
/
1F000
/
17000
/
F000
/
7800
2FFFF
/
1FFFF
/
17FFF
/
FFFF
/
7FFF
30000
/
20000
/
18000
/
10000
/
8000
30FFF
/
20FFF
/
18FFF
/
10FFF
/
87FF
Application Table Section (Bytes)
(8K/8K/8K/8K/4K)
Boot Section (Bytes)
(8K/8K/8K/8K/4K)
The Application Table Section and Boot Section can also be used for general application
software.
7.4
Data Memory
The Data Memory consists of the I/O Memory, EEPROM and SRAM memories, all within one
linear address space, see Figure 7-2 on page 11. To simplify development, the memory map for
all devices in the family is identical and with empty, reserved memory space for smaller devices.
Figure 7-2.
Data Memory Map (Hexadecimal address)
Byte Address
0
FFF
1000
17FF
ATxmega192A1
I/O Registers
(4 KB)
EEPROM
(2 KB)
RESERVED
Byte Address
0
FFF
1000
17FF
ATxmega128A1
I/O Registers
(4 KB)
EEPROM
(2 KB)
RESERVED
Byte Address
0
FFF
1000
17FF
ATxmega64A1
I/O Registers
(4 KB)
EEPROM
(2 KB)
RESERVED
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Figure 7-2.
Data Memory Map (Hexadecimal address)
2000
5FFF
6000
FFFFFF
Internal SRAM
(16 KB)
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
2000
3FFF
4000
Internal SRAM
(8 KB)
FFFFFF
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
Byte Address
ATxmega384A1
0
FFF
2000
2FFF
3000
FFFFFF
Byte Address
0
I/O Registers
(4 KB)
FFF
1000
1FFF
9FFF
10000
FFFFFF
7.4.1
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
ATxmega256A1
I/O Registers
(4 KB)
1000
EEPROM
(4 KB)
2000
Internal SRAM
(4 KB)
EEPROM
(4 KB)
1FFF
Internal SRAM
(32 KB)
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
2000
5FFF
6000
FFFFFF
Internal SRAM
(16 KB)
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
I/O Memory
All peripherals and modules are addressable through I/O memory locations in the data memory
space. All I/O memory locations can be accessed by the Load (LD/LDS/LDD) and Store
(ST/STS/STD) instructions, transferring data between the 32 general purpose registers in the
CPU and the I/O Memory.
The IN and OUT instructions can address I/O memory locations in the range 0x00 - 0x3F
directly.
I/O registers within the address range 0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and
CBI instructions. The value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instructions on these registers.
The I/O memory address for all peripherals and modules in XMEGA A1 is shown in the “Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 55.
7.4.2
SRAM Data Memory
The XMEGA A1 devices has internal SRAM memory for data storage.
7.4.3
EEPROM Data Memory
The XMEGA A1 devices have internal EEPROM memory for non-volatile data storage. It is
addressable either in a separate data space or it can be memory mapped into the normal data
memory space. The EEPROM memory supports both byte and page access.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
7.4.4
EBI - External Bus Interface
• Supports SRAM up to
•
•
•
•
– 512K Bytes using 2-port EBI
– 16M Bytes using 3-port EBI
Supports SDRAM up to
– 128M bit using 3-port EBI
Four software configurable Chip Selects
Software configurable Wait State insertion
Clocked from the Peripheral 2x Clock at up to two times the CPU clock speed
The External Bus Interface (EBI) is the interface for connecting external peripheral and memory
to the data memory space. The XMEGA A1 has 3 ports that can be used for the EBI. It can interface external SRAM, SDRAM, and/or peripherals such as LCD displays and other memory
mapped devices.
The address space, and the number of pins used, for the external memory is selectable from
256 bytes (8-bit) and up to 16M bytes (24-bit). Various multiplexing modes for address and data
lines can be selected for optimal use of pins when more or less pins is available for the EBI.
Each of the four chip selects has seperate configuration, and can be configured for SRAM,
SRAM Low Pin Count (LPC) or SDRAM. The data memory address space associated for each
chip select is decided by a configurable base address and address size for each chip celect.
For SDRAM both 4-bit SDRAM is supported, and SDRAM configurations such as CAS Latency
and Refresh rate is configurable in software.
The EBI is clocked from the Peripheral 2x Clock, running up to two times faster than the CPU
and supporting speeds of up to 64 MHz.
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7.5
Production Signature Row
The Production Signature Row is a separate memory section for factory programmed data. It
contains calibration data for functions such as oscillators and analog modules.
The production signature row also contains a device ID that identify each microcontroller device
type, and a serial number that is unique for each manufactured device. The device ID for the
available XMEGA A1 devices is shown in Table 7-1 on page 14. The serial number consist of
the production LOT number, wafer number, and wafer coordinates for the device.
The production signature row can not be written or erased, but it can be read from both application software and external programming.
Table 7-1.
Device ID bytes for XMEGA A1 devices.
Device
7.6
Device ID bytes
Byte 2
Byte 1
Byte 0
ATxmega64A1
4E
96
1E
ATxmega128A1
4C
97
1E
ATxmega192A1
4E
97
1E
ATxmega256A1
46
98
1E
ATxmega384A1
TBD
TBD
TBD
User Signature Row
The User Signature Row is a separate memory section that is fully accessible (read and write)
from application software and external programming. The user signature row is one flash page
in size, and is meant for static user parameter storage, such as calibration data, custom serial
numbers or identification numbers, random number seeds etc. This section is not erased by
Chip Erase commands that erase the Flash, and requires a dedicated erase command. This
ensures parameter storage during multiple program/erase session and on-chip debug sessions.
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7.7
Flash and EEPROM Page Size
The Flash Program Memory and EEPROM data memory is organized in pages. The pages are
word accessible for the Flash and byte accessible for the EEPROM.
Table 7-2 on page 15 shows the Flash Program Memory organization. Flash write and erase
operations are performed on one page at a time, while reading the Flash is done one byte at a
time. For Flash access the Z-pointer (Z[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant bits in
the address (FPAGE) gives the page number and the least significant address bits (FWORD)
gives the word in the page.
Table 7-2.
Devices
Number of words and Pages in the Flash.
Flash
Page Size
Size (Bytes)
(words)
FWORD
ATxmega64A1
64K + 4K
128
Z[7:1]
ATxmega128A1
128K + 8K
256
Z[8:1]
ATxmega192A1
192K + 8K
256
ATxmega256A1
256K + 8K
256
ATxmega384A1
384K + 8K
256
FPAGE
Application
Boot
Size (Bytes)
No of Pages
Size (Bytes)
No of Pages
Z[16:8]
64K
256
4K
16
Z[17:9]
128K
256
8K
16
Z[8:1]
Z[18:9]
192K
384
8K
16
Z[8:1]
Z[18:9]
256K
512
8K
16
Z[8:1]
Z[19:9]
384K
768
8K
16
Table 7-3 on page 15 shows EEPROM memory organization for the XMEGA A1 devices.
EEPROM write and erase operations can be performed one page or one byte at a time, while
reading the EEPROM is done one byte at a time. For EEPROM access the NVM Address Register (ADDR[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant bits in the address (E2PAGE) gives
the page number and the least significant address bits (E2BYTE) gives the byte in the page.
Table 7-3.
Devices
Number of Bytes and Pages in the EEPROM.
EEPROM
Page Size
E2BYTE
E2PAGE
No of Pages
Size
(Bytes)
ATxmega64A1
2 KB
32
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[10:5]
64
ATxmega128A1
2 KB
32
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[10:5]
64
ATxmega192A1
2 KB
32
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[10:5]
64
ATxmega256A1
4 KB
32
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[11:5]
128
ATxmega384A1
4 KB
32
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[11:5]
128
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8. DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller
8.1
Features
• Allows High-speed data transfer
•
•
•
•
•
8.2
– From memory to peripheral
– From memory to memory
– From peripheral to memory
– From peripheral to peripheral
4 Channels
From 1 byte and up to 16M bytes transfers in a single transaction
Multiple addressing modes for source and destination address
– Increment
– Decrement
– Static
1, 2, 4, or 8 byte Burst Transfers
Programmable priority between channels
Overview
The XMEGA A1 has a Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller to move data between memories
and peripherals in the data space. The DMA controller uses the same data bus as the CPU to
transfer data.
It has 4 channels that can be configured independently. Each DMA channel can perform data
transfers in blocks of configurable size from 1 to 64K bytes. A repeat counter can be used to
repeat each block transfer for single transactions up to 16M bytes. Each DMA channel can be
configured to access the source and destination memory address with incrementing, decrementing or static addressing. The addressing is independent for source and destination address.
When the transaction is complete the original source and destination address can automatically
be reloaded to be ready for the next transaction.
The DMAC can access all the peripherals through their I/O memory registers, and the DMA may
be used for automatic transfer of data to/from communication modules, as well as automatic
data retrieval from ADC conversions, data transfer to DAC conversions, or data transfer to or
from port pins. A wide range of transfer triggers is available from the peripherals, Event System
and software. Each DMA channel has different transfer triggers.
To allow for continuous transfers, two channels can be interlinked so that the second takes over
the transfer when the first is finished and vice versa.
The DMA controller can read from memory mapped EEPROM, but it cannot write to the
EEPROM or access the Flash.
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9. Event System
9.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
9.2
Inter-peripheral communication and signalling with minimum latency
CPU and DMA independent operation
8 Event Channels allows for up to 8 signals to be routed at the same time
Events can be generated by
– Timer/Counters (TCxn)
– Real Time Counter (RTC)
– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)
– Analog Comparators (ACx)
– Ports (PORTx)
– System Clock (ClkSYS)
– Software (CPU)
Events can be used by
– Timer/Counters (TCxn)
– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)
– Digital to Analog Converters (DACx)
– Ports (PORTx)
– DMA Controller (DMAC)
– IR Communication Module (IRCOM)
The same event can be used by multiple peripherals for synchronized timing
Advanced Features
– Manual Event Generation from software (CPU)
– Quadrature Decoding
– Digital Filtering
Functions in Active and Idle mode
Overview
The Event System is a set of features for inter-peripheral communication. It enables the possibility for a change of state in one peripheral to automatically trigger actions in one or more
peripherals. These changes in a peripheral that will trigger actions in other peripherals are configurable by software. It is a simple, but powerful system as it allows for autonomous control of
peripherals without any use of interrupts, CPU or DMA resources.
The indication of a change in a peripheral is referred to as an event, and is usually the same as
the interrupt conditions for that peripheral. Events are passed between peripherals using a dedicated routing network called the Event Routing Network. Figure 9-1 on page 18 shows a basic
block diagram of the Event System with the Event Routing Network and the peripherals to which
it is connected. This highly flexible system can be used for simple routing of signals, pin functions or for sequencing of events.
The maximum latency is two CPU clock cycles from when an event is generated in one peripheral, until the actions are triggered in one or more other peripherals.
The Event System is functional in both Active and Idle modes.
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Figure 9-1.
Event system block diagram.
PORTx
ClkSYS
CPU
ADCx
RTC
Event Routing
Network
DACx
IRCOM
ACx
T/Cxn
DMAC
The Event Routing Network can directly connect together ADCs, DACs, Analog Comparators
(ACx), I/O ports (PORTx), the Real-time Counter (RTC), Timer/Counters (T/C) and the IR Communication Module (IRCOM). Events can also be generated from software (CPU).
All events from all peripherals are always routed into the Event Routing Network. This consist of
eight multiplexers where each can be configured in software to select which event to be routed
into that event channel. All eight event channels are connected to the peripherals that can use
events, and each of these peripherals can be configured to use events from one or more event
channels to automatically trigger a software selectable action.
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10. System Clock and Clock options
10.1
Features
• Fast start-up time
• Safe run-time clock switching
• Internal Oscillators:
•
•
•
•
•
•
10.2
– 32 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator
– 2 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator
– 32.768 kHz calibrated RC oscillator
– 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) oscillator with 1 kHz ouput
External clock options
– 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator
– 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator
– External clock
PLL with internal and external clock options with 1 to 31x multiplication
Clock Prescalers with 1 to 2048x division
Fast peripheral clock running at 2 and 4 times the CPU clock speed
Automatic Run-Time Calibration of internal oscillators
Crystal Oscillator failure detection
Overview
XMEGA A1 has an advanced clock system, supporting a large number of clock sources. It incorporates both integrated oscillators, external crystal oscillators and resonators. A high frequency
Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and clock prescalers can be controlled from software to generate a
wide range of clock frequencies from the clock source input.
It is possible to switch between clock sources from software during run-time. After reset the
device will always start up running from the 2 Mhz internal oscillator.
A calibration feature is available, and can be used for automatic run-time calibration of the internal 2 MHz and 32 MHz oscillators. This reduce frequency drift over voltage and temperature.
A Crystal Oscillator Failure Monitor can be enabled to issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt and
switch to internal oscillator if the external oscillator fails. Figure 10-1 on page 20 shows the principal clock system in XMEGA A1.
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Figure 10-1. Clock system overview
clkULP
32 kHz ULP
Internal Oscillator
clkRTC
32.768 kHz
Calibrated Internal
Oscillator
RTC
PERIPHERALS
ADC
2 MHz
Run-Time Calibrated
Internal Oscillator
32 MHz
Run-time Calibrated
Internal Oscillator
WDT/BOD
DAC
CLOCK CONTROL
clkPER
UNIT
with PLL and
Prescaler
PORTS
...
DMA
INTERRUPT
32.768 KHz
Crystal Oscillator
EVSYS
RAM
0.4 - 16 MHz
Crystal Oscillator
CPU
clkCPU NVM MEMORY
External
Clock Input
FLASH
EEPROM
Each clock source is briefly described in the following sub-sections.
10.3
10.3.1
Clock Options
32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator
The 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) Internal Oscillator is a very low power consumption clock
source. It is used for the Watchdog Timer, Brown-Out Detection and as an asynchronous clock
source for the Real Time Counter. This oscillator cannot be used as the system clock source,
and it cannot be directly controlled from software.
10.3.2
32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high accuracy clock source that can be used
as the system clock source or as an asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter. It is
calibrated during production to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal
frequency.
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XMEGA A1
10.3.3
32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator
The 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator is a low power driver for an external watch crystal. It can be
used as system clock source or as asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter.
10.3.4
0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator
The 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator is a driver intended for driving both external resonators and
crystals ranging from 400 kHz to 16 MHz.
10.3.5
2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated
during productionn to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The
oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a
source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift
hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.
10.3.6
32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated
during production to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The
oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a
source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift
hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.
10.3.7
External Clock input
The external clock input gives the possibility to connect a clock from an external source.
10.3.8
PLL with Multiplication factor 1 - 31x
The PLL provides the possibility of multiplying a frequency by any number from 1 to 31. In combination with the prescalers, this gives a wide range of output frequencies from all clock sources.
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11. Power Management and Sleep Modes
11.1
Features
• 5 sleep modes
– Idle
– Power-down
– Power-save
– Standby
– Extended standby
• Power Reduction registers to disable clocks to unused peripherals
11.2
Overview
The XMEGA A1 provides various sleep modes tailored to reduce power consumption to a minimum. All sleep modes are available and can be entered from Active mode. In Active mode the
CPU is executing application code. The application code decides when and what sleep mode to
enter. Interrupts from enabled peripherals and all enabled reset sources can restore the microcontroller from sleep to Active mode.
In addition, Power Reduction registers provide a method to stop the clock to individual peripherals from software. When this is done, the current state of the peripheral is frozen and there is no
power consumption from that peripheral. This reduces the power consumption in Active mode
and Idle sleep mode.
11.3
Sleep Modes
11.3.1
Idle Mode
In Idle mode the CPU and Non-Volatile Memory are stopped, but all peripherals including the
Interrupt Controller, Event System and DMA Controller are kept running. Interrupt requests from
all enabled interrupts will wake the device.
11.3.2
Power-down Mode
In Power-down mode all system clock sources, and the asynchronous Real Time Counter (RTC)
clock source, are stopped. This allows operation of asynchronous modules only. The only interrupts that can wake up the MCU are the Two Wire Interface address match interrupts, and
asynchronous port interrupts, e.g pin change.
11.3.3
Power-save Mode
Power-save mode is identical to Power-down, with one exception: If the RTC is enabled, it will
keep running during sleep and the device can also wake up from RTC interrupts.
11.3.4
Standby Mode
Standby mode is identical to Power-down with the exception that all enabled system clock
sources are kept running, while the CPU, Peripheral and RTC clocks are stopped. This reduces
the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.
11.3.5
Extended Standby Mode
Extended Standby mode is identical to Power-save mode with the exception that all enabled
system clock sources are kept running while the CPU and Peripheral clocks are stopped. This
reduces the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.
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12. System Control and Reset
12.1
Features
• Multiple reset sources for safe operation and device reset
– Power-On Reset
– External Reset
– Watchdog Reset
The Watchdog Timer runs from separate, dedicated oscillator
– Brown-Out Reset
Accurate, programmable Brown-Out levels
– JTAG Reset
– PDI reset
– Software reset
• Asynchronous reset
– No running clock in the device is required for reset
• Reset status register
12.2
Resetting the AVR
During reset, all I/O registers are set to their initial values. The SRAM content is not reset. Application execution starts from the Reset Vector. The instruction placed at the Reset Vector should
be an Absolute Jump (JMP) instruction to the reset handling routine. By default the Reset Vector
address is the lowest Flash program memory address, ‘0’, but it is possible to move the Reset
Vector to the first address in the Boot Section.
The I/O ports of the AVR are immediately tri-stated when a reset source goes active.
The reset functionality is asynchronous, so no running clock is required to reset the device.
After the device is reset, the reset source can be determined by the application by reading the
Reset Status Register.
12.3
12.3.1
Reset Sources
Power-On Reset
The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Power-on Reset threshold voltage.
12.3.2
External Reset
The MCU is reset when a low level is present on the RESET pin.
12.3.3
Watchdog Reset
The MCU is reset when the Watchdog Timer period expires and the Watchdog Reset is enabled.
The Watchdog Timer runs from a dedicated oscillator independent of the System Clock. For
more details see “WDT - Watchdog Timer” on page 24.
12.3.4
Brown-Out Reset
The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Brown-Out Reset threshold voltage
and the Brown-out Detector is enabled. The Brown-out threshold voltage is programmable.
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XMEGA A1
12.3.5
JTAG reset
The MCU is reset as long as there is a logic one in the Reset Register in one of the scan chains
of the JTAG system. Refer to IEEE 1149.1 (JTAG) Boundary-scan for details.
12.3.6
PDI reset
The MCU can be reset through the Program and Debug Interface (PDI).
12.3.7
Software reset
The MCU can be reset by the CPU writing to a special I/O register through a timed sequence.
12.4
12.4.1
WDT - Watchdog Timer
Features
• 11 selectable timeout periods, from 8 ms to 8s.
• Two operation modes
– Standard mode
– Window mode
• Runs from the 1 kHz output of the 32 kHz Ultra Low Power oscillator
• Configuration lock to prevent unwanted changes
12.4.2
Overview
The XMEGA A1 has a Watchdog Timer (WDT). The WDT will run continuously when turned on
and if the Watchdog Timer is not reset within a software configurable time-out period, the microcontroller will be reset. The Watchdog Reset (WDR) instruction must be run by software to reset
the WDT, and prevent microcontroller reset.
The WDT has a Window mode. In this mode the WDR instruction must be run within a specified
period called a window. Application software can set the minimum and maximum limits for this
window. If the WDR instruction is not executed inside the window limits, the microcontroller will
be reset.
A protection mechanism using a timed write sequence is implemented in order to prevent
unwanted enabling, disabling or change of WDT settings.
For maximum safety, the WDT also has an Always-on mode. This mode is enabled by programming a fuse. In Always-on mode, application software can not disable the WDT.
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XMEGA A1
13. PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
13.1
Features
• Separate interrupt vector for each interrupt
• Short, predictable interrupt response time
• Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
– 3 programmable interrupt levels
– Selectable priority scheme within low level interrupts (round-robin or fixed)
– Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMI)
• Interrupt vectors can be moved to the start of the Boot Section
13.2
Overview
XMEGA A1 has a Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller (PMIC). All peripherals can
define three different priority levels for interrupts; high, medium or low. Medium level interrupts
may interrupt low level interrupt service routines. High level interrupts may interrupt both lowand medium level interrupt service routines. Low level interrupts have an optional round robin
scheme to make sure all interrupts are serviced within a certain amount of time.
The built in oscillator failure detection mechanism can issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI).
13.3
Interrupt vectors
When an interrupt is serviced, the program counter will jump to the interrupt vector address. The
interrupt vector is the sum of the peripheral’s base interrupt address and the offset address for
specific interrupts in each peripheral. The base addresses for the XMEGA A1 devices are shown
in Table 13-1. Offset addresses for each interrupt available in the peripheral are described for
each peripheral in the XMEGA A manual. For peripherals or modules that have only one interrupt, the interrupt vector is shown in Table 13-1. The program address is the word address.
Table 13-1.
Reset and Interrupt Vectors
Program Address
(Base Address)
Source
0x000
RESET
0x002
OSCF_INT_vect
Crystal Oscillator Failure Interrupt vector (NMI)
0x004
PORTC_INT_base
Port C Interrupt base
0x008
PORTR_INT_base
Port R Interrupt base
0x00C
DMA_INT_base
DMA Controller Interrupt base
0x014
RTC_INT_base
Real Time Counter Interrupt base
0x018
TWIC_INT_base
Two-Wire Interface on Port C Interrupt base
0x01C
TCC0_INT_base
Timer/Counter 0 on port C Interrupt base
0x028
TCC1_INT_base
Timer/Counter 1 on port C Interrupt base
0x030
SPIC_INT_vect
SPI on port C Interrupt vector
0x032
USARTC0_INT_base
USART 0 on port C Interrupt base
0x038
USARTC1_INT_base
USART 1 on port C Interrupt base
0x03E
AES_INT_vect
AES Interrupt vector
Interrupt Description
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Table 13-1.
Reset and Interrupt Vectors (Continued)
Program Address
(Base Address)
Source
Interrupt Description
0x040
NVM_INT_base
Non-Volatile Memory Interrupt base
0x044
PORTB_INT_base
Port B Interrupt base
0x048
ACB_INT_base
Analog Comparator on Port B Interrupt base
0x04E
ADCB_INT_base
Analog to Digital Converter on Port B Interrupt base
0x056
PORTE_INT_base
Port E Interrupt base
0x05A
TWIE_INT_base
Two-Wire Interface on Port E Interrupt base
0x05E
TCE0_INT_base
Timer/Counter 0 on port E Interrupt base
0x06A
TCE1_INT_base
Timer/Counter 1 on port E Interrupt base
0x072
SPIE_INT_vect
SPI on port E Interrupt vector
0x074
USARTE0_INT_base
USART 0 on port E Interrupt base
0x07A
USARTE1_INT_base
USART 1 on port E Interrupt base
0x080
PORTD_INT_base
Port D Interrupt base
0x084
PORTA_INT_base
Port A Interrupt base
0x088
ACA_INT_base
Analog Comparator on Port A Interrupt base
0x08E
ADCA_INT_base
Analog to Digital Converter on Port A Interrupt base
0x096
TWID_INT_base
Two-Wire Interface on Port D Interrupt base
0x09A
TCD0_INT_base
Timer/Counter 0 on port D Interrupt base
0x0A6
TCD1_INT_base
Timer/Counter 1 on port D Interrupt base
0x0AE
SPID_INT_vector
SPI on port D Interrupt vector
0x0B0
USARTD0_INT_base
USART 0 on port D Interrupt base
0x0B6
USARTD1_INT_base
USART 1 on port D Interrupt base
0x0BC
PORTQ_INT_base
Port Q INT base
0x0C0
PORTH_INT_base
Port H INT base
0x0C4
PORTJ_INT_base
Port J INT base
0x0C8
PORTK_INT_base
Port K INT base
0x0D0
PORTF_INT_base
Port F INT base
0x0D4
TWIF_INT_base
Two-Wire Interface on Port F INT base
0x0D8
TCF0_INT_base
Timer/Counter 0 on port F Interrupt base
0x0E4
TCF1_INT_base
Timer/Counter 1 on port F Interrupt base
0x0EC
SPIF_INT_vector
SPI ion port F Interrupt base
0x0EE
USARTF0_INT_base
USART 0 on port F Interrupt base
0x0F4
USARTF1_INT_base
USART 1 on port F Interrupt base
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14. I/O Ports
14.1
Features
• Selectable input and output configuration for each pin individually
• Flexible pin configuration through dedicated Pin Configuration Register
• Synchronous and/or asynchronous input sensing with port interrupts and events
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
14.2
– Sense both edges
– Sense rising edges
– Sense falling edges
– Sense low level
Asynchronous wake-up from all input sensing configurations
Two port interrupts with flexible pin masking
Highly configurable output driver and pull settings:
–
Totem-pole
–
Pull-up/-down
–
Wired-AND
–
Wired-OR
–
Bus-keeper
–
Inverted I/O
Optional Slew rate control
Configuration of multiple pins in a single operation
Read-Modify-Write (RMW) support
Toggle/clear/set registers for Output and Direction registers
Clock output on port pin
Event Channel 7 output on port pin
Mapping of port registers (virtual ports) into bit accessible I/O memory space
Overview
The XMEGA A1 devices have flexible General Purpose I/O Ports. A port consists of up to 8 pins,
ranging from pin 0 to pin 7. The ports implement several functions, including synchronous/asynchronous input sensing, pin change interrupts and configurable output settings. All functions are
individual per pin, but several pins may be configured in a single operation.
14.3
I/O configuration
All port pins (Pn) have programmable output configuration. In addition, all port pins have an
inverted I/O function. For an input, this means inverting the signal between the port pin and the
pin register. For an output, this means inverting the output signal between the port register and
the port pin. The inverted I/O function can be used also when the pin is used for alternate functions. The port pins also have configurable slew rate limitation to reduce electromagnetic
emission.
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14.3.1
Push-pull
Figure 14-1. I/O configuration - Totem-pole
DIRn
OUTn
Pn
INn
14.3.2
Pull-down
Figure 14-2. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-down (on input)
DIRn
OUTn
Pn
INn
14.3.3
Pull-up
Figure 14-3. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-up (on input)
DIRn
OUTn
Pn
INn
14.3.4
Bus-keeper
The bus-keeper’s weak output produces the same logical level as the last output level. It acts as
a pull-up if the last level was ‘1’, and pull-down if the last level was ‘0’.
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XMEGA A1
Figure 14-4. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with bus-keeper
DIRn
OUTn
Pn
INn
14.3.5
Others
Figure 14-5. Output configuration - Wired-OR with optional pull-down
OUTn
Pn
INn
Figure 14-6. I/O configuration - Wired-AND with optional pull-up
INn
Pn
OUTn
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14.4
Input sensing
•
•
•
•
Sense both edges
Sense rising edges
Sense falling edges
Sense low level
Input sensing is synchronous or asynchronous depending on the enabled clock for the ports,
and the configuration is shown in Figure 14-7 on page 30.
Figure 14-7. Input sensing system overview
Asynchronous sensing
EDGE
DETECT
Interrupt
Control
IREQ
Synchronous sensing
Pn
Synchronizer
INn
D Q D Q
INVERTED I/O
R
EDGE
DETECT
Event
R
When a pin is configured with inverted I/O the pin value is inverted before the input sensing.
14.5
Port Interrupt
Each ports have two interrupts with seperate priority and interrupt vector. All pins on the port can
be individually selected as source for each of the interrupts. The interrupts are then triggered
according to the input sense configuration for each pin configured as source for the interrupt.
14.6
Alternate Port Functions
In addition to the input/output functions on all port pins, most pins have alternate functions. This
means that other modules or peripherals connected to the port can use the port pins for their
functions, such as communication or pulse-width modulation. “Pinout and Pin Functions” on
page 49 shows which modules on peripherals that enables alternate functions on a pin, and
what alternate functions that is available on a pin.
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15. T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter
15.1
Features
• Eight 16-bit Timer/Counters
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
15.2
– Four Timer/Counters of type 0
– Four Timer/Counters of type 1
Four Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 0
Two Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 1
Double Buffered Timer Period Setting
Double Buffered Compare or Capture Channels
Waveform Generation:
– Single Slope Pulse Width Modulation
– Dual Slope Pulse Width Modulation
– Frequency Generation
Input Capture:
– Input Capture with Noise Cancelling
– Frequency capture
– Pulse width capture
– 32-bit input capture
Event Counter with Direction Control
Timer Overflow and Timer Error Interrupts and Events
One Compare Match or Capture Interrupt and Event per CC Channel
Supports DMA Operation
Hi-Resolution Extension (Hi-Res)
Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX)
Overview
XMEGA A1 has eight Timer/Counters, four Timer/Counter 0 and four Timer/Counter 1. The difference between them is that Timer/Counter 0 has four Compare/Capture channels, while
Timer/Counter 1 has two Compare/Capture channels.
The Timer/Counters (T/C) are 16-bit and can count any clock, event or external input in the
microcontroller. A programmable prescaler is available to get a useful T/C resolution. Updates of
Timer and Compare registers are double buffered to ensure glitch free operation. Single slope
PWM, dual slope PWM and frequency generation waveforms can be generated using the Compare Channels.
Through the Event System, any input pin or event in the microcontroller can be used to trigger
input capture, hence no dedicated pins is required for this. The input capture has a noise canceller to avoid incorrect capture of the T/C, and can be used to do frequency and pulse width
measurements.
A wide range of interrupt or event sources are available, including T/C Overflow, Compare
match and Capture for each Compare/Capture channel in the T/C.
PORTC, PORTD, PORTE and PORTF each has one Timer/Counter 0 and one Timer/Counter1.
Notation of these Timer/Counters are TCC0 (Time/Counter C0), TCC1, TCD0, TCD1, TCE0,
TCE1, TCF0, and TCF1, respectively.
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Figure 15-1. Overview of a Timer/Counter and closely related peripherals
Timer/Counter
Base Counter
Timer Period
Counter
Prescaler
Control Logic
clkPER
Event
System
clkPER4
Buffer
Capture
Control
Waveform
Generation
DTI
Dead-Time
Insertion
Pattern
Generation
Fault
Protection
PORT
Comparator
AWeX
Hi-Res
Compare/Capture Channel D
Compare/Capture Channel C
Compare/Capture Channel B
Compare/Capture Channel A
The Hi-Resolution Extension can be enabled to increase the waveform generation resolution by
2 bits (4x). This is available for all Timer/Counters. See “Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension” on
page 34 for more details.
The Advanced Waveform Extension can be enabled to provide extra and more advanced features for the Timer/Counter. This are only available for Timer/Counter 0. See “AWEX - Advanced
Waveform Extension” on page 33 for more details.
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16. AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension
16.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
16.2
Output with complementary output from each Capture channel
Four Dead Time Insertion (DTI) Units, one for each Capture channel
8-bit DTI Resolution
Separate High and Low Side Dead-Time Setting
Double Buffered Dead-Time
Event Controlled Fault Protection
Single Channel Multiple Output Operation (for BLDC motor control)
Double Buffered Pattern Generation
Overview
The Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX) provides extra features to the Timer/Counter in
Waveform Generation (WG) modes. The AWEX enables easy and safe implementation of for
example, advanced motor control (AC, BLDC, SR, and Stepper) and power control applications.
Any WG output from a Timer/Counter 0 is split into a complimentary pair of outputs when any
AWEX feature is enabled. These output pairs go through a Dead-Time Insertion (DTI) unit that
enables generation of the non-inverted Low Side (LS) and inverted High Side (HS) of the WG
output with dead time insertion between LS and HS switching. The DTI output will override the
normal port value according to the port override setting. Optionally the final output can be
inverted by using the invert I/O setting for the port pin.
The Pattern Generation unit can be used to generate a synchronized bit pattern on the port it is
connected to. In addition, the waveform generator output from Compare Channel A can be distributed to, and override all port pins. When the Pattern Generator unit is enabled, the DTI unit is
bypassed.
The Fault Protection unit is connected to the Event System. This enables any event to trigger a
fault condition that will disable the AWEX output. Several event channels can be used to trigger
fault on several different conditions.
The AWEX is available for TCC0 and TCE0. The notation of these peripherals are AWEXC and
AWEXE.
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17. Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension
17.1
Features
• Increases Waveform Generator resolution by 2-bits (4x)
• Supports Frequency, single- and dual-slope PWM operation
• Supports the AWEX when this is enabled and used for the same Timer/Counter
17.2
Overview
The Hi-Resolution (Hi-Res) Extension is able to increase the resolution of the waveform generation output by a factor of 4. When enabled for a Timer/Counter, the Fast Peripheral clock running
at four times the CPU clock speed will be as input to the Timer/Counter.
The High Resolution Extension can also be used when an AWEX is enabled and used with a
Timer/Counter.
XMEGA A1 devices have four Hi-Res Extensions that each can be enabled for each
Timer/Counters pair on PORTC, PORTD, PORTE and PORTF. The notation of these peripherals are HIRESC, HIRESD, HIRESE and HIRESF, respectively.
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18. RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter
18.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
18.2
16-bit Timer
Flexible Tick resolution ranging from 1 Hz to 32.768 kHz
One Compare register
One Period register
Clear timer on Overflow or Compare Match
Overflow or Compare Match event and interrupt generation
Overview
The XMEGA A1 includes a 16-bit Real-time Counter (RTC). The RTC can be clocked from an
accurate 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator, the 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator, or from the
32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator. The RTC includes both a Period and a Compare
register. For details, see Figure 18-1.
A wide range of Resolution and Time-out periods can be configured using the RTC. With a maximum resolution of 30.5 µs, time-out periods range up to 2000 seconds. With a resolution of 1
second, the maximum time-out period is over 18 hours (65536 seconds).
Figure 18-1. Real Time Counter overview
Period
32 kHz
=
10-bit
prescaler
1 kHz
Overflow
Counter
=
Compare Match
Compare
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19. TWI - Two-Wire Interface
19.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
19.2
Four Identical TWI peripherals
Simple yet Powerful and Flexible Communication Interface
Both Master and Slave Operation Supported
Device can Operate as Transmitter or Receiver
7-bit Address Space Allows up to 128 Different Slave Addresses
Multi-master Arbitration Support
Up to 400 kHz Data Transfer Speed
Slew-rate Limited Output Drivers
Noise Suppression Circuitry Rejects Spikes on Bus Lines
Fully Programmable Slave Address with General Call Support
Address Recognition Causes Wake-up when in Sleep Mode
I2C and System Management Bus (SMBus) compatible
Overview
The Two-Wire Interface (TWI) is a bi-directional wired-AND bus with only two lines, the clock
(SCL) line and the data (SDA) line. The protocol makes it possible to interconnect up to 128 individually addressable devices. Since it is a multi-master bus, one or more devices capable of
taking control of the bus can be connected.
The only external hardware needed to implement the bus is a single pull-up resistor for each of
the TWI bus lines. Mechanisms for resolving bus contention are inherent in the TWI protocol.
PORTC, PORTD, PORTE, and PORTF each has one TWI. Notation of these peripherals are
TWIC, TWID, TWIE, and TWIF, respectively.
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20. SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface
20.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
20.2
Four Identical SPI peripherals
Full-duplex, Three-wire Synchronous Data Transfer
Master or Slave Operation
LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer
Seven Programmable Bit Rates
End of Transmission Interrupt Flag
Write Collision Flag Protection
Wake-up from Idle Mode
Double Speed (CK/2) Master SPI Mode
Overview
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows high-speed full-duplex, synchronous data transfer
between different devices. Devices can communicate using a master-slave scheme, and data is
transferred both to and from the devices simultaneously.
PORTC, PORTD, PORTE, and PORTF each has one SPI. Notation of these peripherals are
SPIC, SPID, SPIE, and SPIF, respectively.
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21. USART
21.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
21.2
Eight Identical USART peripherals
Full Duplex Operation (Independent Serial Receive and Transmit Registers)
Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation
Master or Slave Clocked Synchronous Operation
High-resolution Arithmetic Baud Rate Generator
Supports Serial Frames with 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 Data Bits and 1 or 2 Stop Bits
Odd or Even Parity Generation and Parity Check Supported by Hardware
Data OverRun Detection
Framing Error Detection
Noise Filtering Includes False Start Bit Detection and Digital Low Pass Filter
Three Separate Interrupts on TX Complete, TX Data Register Empty and RX Complete
Multi-processor Communication Mode
Double Speed Asynchronous Communication Mode
Master SPI mode for SPI communication
IrDA support through the IRCOM module
Overview
The Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter (USART) is a
highly flexible serial communication module. The USART supports full duplex communication,
and both asynchronous and clocked synchronous operation. The USART can also be set in
Master SPI mode to be used for SPI communication.
Communication is frame based, and the frame format can be customized to support a wide
range of standards. The USART is buffered in both direction, enabling continued data transmission without any delay between frames. There are separate interrupt vectors for receive and
transmit complete, enabling fully interrupt driven communication. Frame error and buffer overflow are detected in hardware and indicated with separate status flags. Even or odd parity
generation and parity check can also be enabled.
One USART can use the IRCOM module to support IrDA 1.4 physical compliant pulse modulation and demodulation for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps.
PORTC, PORTD, PORTE, and PORTF each has two USARTs. Notation of these peripherals
are USARTC0, USARTC1, USARTD0, USARTD1, USARTE0, USARTE1, USARTF0,
USARTF1, respectively.
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22. IRCOM - IR Communication Module
22.1
Features
• Pulse modulation/demodulation for infrared communication
• Compatible to IrDA 1.4 physical for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps
• Selectable pulse modulation scheme
– 3/16 of baud rate period
– Fixed pulse period, 8-bit programmable
– Pulse modulation disabled
• Built in filtering
• Can be connected to and used by one USART at a time
22.2
Overview
XMEGA contains an Infrared Communication Module (IRCOM) for IrDA communication with
baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. This supports three modulation schemes: 3/16 of baud rate period,
fixed programmable pulse time based on the Peripheral Clock speed, or pulse modulation disabled. There is one IRCOM available which can be connected to any USART to enable infrared
pulse coding/decoding for that USART.
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23. Crypto Engine
23.1
Features
• Data Encryption Standard (DES) CPU instruction
• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Crypto module
• DES Instruction
– Encryption and Decryption
– Single-cycle DES instruction
– Encryption/Decryption in 16 clock cycles per 8-byte block
• AES Crypto Module
– Encryption and Decryption
– Support 128-bit keys
– Support XOR data load mode to the State memory for Cipher Block Chaining
– Encryption/Decryption in 375 clock cycles per 16-byte block
23.2
Overview
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) are two commonly used encryption standards. These are supported through an AES peripheral module and
a DES CPU instruction. All communication interfaces and the CPU can optionally use AES and
DES encrypted communication and data storage.
DES is supported by a DES instruction in the AVR XMEGA CPU. The 8-byte key and 8-byte
data blocks must be loaded into the Register file, and then DES must be executed 16 times to
encrypt/decrypt the data block.
The AES Crypto Module encrypts and decrypts 128-bit data blocks with the use of a 128-bit key.
The key and data must be loaded into the key and state memory in the module before encryption/decryption is started. It takes 375 peripheral clock cycles before the encryption/decryption is
done and decrypted/encrypted data can be read out, and an optional interrupt can be generated.
The AES Crypto Module also has DMA support with transfer triggers when encryption/decryption is done and optional auto-start of encryption/decryption when the state memory is fully
loaded.
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24. ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter
24.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
24.2
Two ADCs with 12-bit resolution
2 Msps sample rate for each ADC
Signed and Unsigned conversions
4 result registers with individual input channel control for each ADC
8 single ended inputs for each ADC
8x4 differential inputs for each ADC
4 internal inputs:
–
Integrated Temperature Sensor
–
DAC Output
–
VCC voltage divided by 10
–
Bandgap voltage
Software selectable gain of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64
Software selectable resolution of 8- or 12-bit.
Internal or External Reference selection
Event triggered conversion for accurate timing
DMA transfer of conversion results
Interrupt/Event on compare result
Overview
XMEGA A1 devices have two Analog to Digital Converters (ADC), see Figure 24-1 on page 42.
The two ADC modules can be operated simultaneously, individually or synchronized.
The ADC converts analog voltages to digital values. The ADC has 12-bit resolution and is capable of converting up to 2 million samples per second. The input selection is flexible, and both
single-ended and differential measurements can be done. For differential measurements an
optional gain stage is available to increase the dynamic range. In addition several internal signal
inputs are available. The ADC can provide both signed and unsigned results.
This is a pipeline ADC. A pipeline ADC consists of several consecutive stages, where each
stage convert one part of the result. The pipeline design enables high sample rate at low clock
speeds, and remove limitations on samples speed versus propagation delay. This also means
that a new analog voltage can be sampled and a new ADC measurement started while other
ADC measurements are ongoing.
ADC measurements can either be started by application software or an incoming event from
another peripheral in the device. Four different result registers with individual input selection
(MUX selection) are provided to make it easier for the application to keep track of the data. Each
result register and MUX selection pair is referred to as an ADC Channel. It is possible to use
DMA to move ADC results directly to memory or peripherals when conversions are done.
Both internal and external analog reference voltages can be used. An accurate internal 1.0V
reference is available.
An integrated temperature sensor is available and the output from this can be measured with the
ADC. The output from the DAC, VCC/10 and the Bandgap voltage can also be measured by the
ADC.
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Figure 24-1. ADC overview
Channel A MUX selection
Channel D MUX selection
Configuration
Reference selection
Channel A
Register
Pin inputs
Channel B
Register
ADC
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
Channel B MUX selection
Channel C MUX selection
Event
Trigger
Channel C
Register
1-64 X
Channel D
Register
Each ADC has four MUX selection registers with a corresponding result register. This means
that four channels can be sampled within 1.5 µs without any intervention by the application other
than starting the conversion. The results will be available in the result registers.
The ADC may be configured for 8- or 12-bit result, reducing the minimum conversion time (propagation delay) from 3.5 µs for 12-bit to 2.5 µs for 8-bit result.
ADC conversion results are provided left- or right adjusted with optional ‘1’ or ‘0’ padding. This
eases calculation when the result is represented as a signed integer (signed 16-bit number).
PORTA and PORTB each has one ADC. Notation of these peripherals are ADCA and ADCB,
respectively.
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25. DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter
25.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
25.2
Two DACs with 12-bit resolution
Up to 1 Msps conversion rate for each DAC
Flexible conversion range
Multiple trigger sources
1 continuous output or 2 Sample and Hold (S/H) outputs for each DAC
Built-in offset and gain calibration
High drive capabilities
Low Power Mode
Overview
The XMEGA A1 devices features two 12-bit, 1 Msps DACs with built-in offset and gain calibration, see Figure 25-1 on page 43.
A DAC converts a digital value into an analog signal. The DAC may use an internal 1.1 voltage
as the upper limit for conversion, but it is also possible to use the supply voltage or any applied
voltage in-between. The external reference input is shared with the ADC reference input.
Figure 25-1. DAC overview
Configuration
Reference selection
Channel A
Register
Channel A
DAC
Channel B
Channel B
Register
Event
Trigger
Each DAC has one continuous output with high drive capabilities for both resistive and capacitive loads. It is also possible to split the continuous time channel into two Sample and Hold (S/H)
channels, each with separate data conversion registers.
A DAC conversion may be started from the application software by writing the data conversion
registers. The DAC can also be configured to do conversions triggered by the Event System to
have regular timing, independent of the application software. DMA may be used for transferring
data from memory locations to DAC data registers.
The DAC has a built-in calibration system to reduce offset and gain error when loading with a
calibration value from software.
PORTA and PORTB each has one DAC. Notation of these peripherals are DACA and DACB.
respectively.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
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26. AC - Analog Comparator
26.1
Features
• Four Analog Comparators
• Selectable Power vs. Speed
• Selectable hysteresis
– 0, 20 mV, 50 mV
• Analog Comparator output available on pin
• Flexible Input Selection
– All pins on the port
– Output from the DAC
– Bandgap reference voltage.
– Voltage scaler that can perform a 64-level scaling of the internal VCC voltage.
• Interrupt and event generation on
– Rising edge
– Falling edge
– Toggle
• Window function interrupt and event generation on
– Signal above window
– Signal inside window
– Signal below window
26.2
Overview
XMEGA A1 features four Analog Comparators (AC). An Analog Comparator compares two voltages, and the output indicates which input is largest. The Analog Comparator may be configured
to give interrupt requests and/or events upon several different combinations of input change.
Both hysteresis and propagation delays may be adjusted in order to find the optimal operation
for each application.
A wide range of input selection is available, both external pins and several internal signals can
be used.
The Analog Comparators are always grouped in pairs (AC0 and AC1) on each analog port. They
have identical behavior but separate control registers.
Optionally, the state of the comparator is directly available on a pin.
PORTA and PORTB each has one AC pair. Notations are ACA and ACB, respectively.
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Figure 26-1. Analog comparator overview
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
+
Pin 0 output
AC0
Pin inputs
-
Internal inputs
VCC scaled
Interrupt
sensitivity
control
Pin inputs
Interrupts
Events
Internal inputs
+
AC1
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
-
VCC scaled
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8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
26.3
Input Selection
The Analog comparators have a very flexible input selection and the two comparators grouped
in a pair may be used to realize a window function. One pair of analog comparators is shown in
Figure 26-1 on page 45.
• Input selection from pin
– Pin 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 selectable to positive input of analog comparator
– Pin 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 selectable to negative input of analog comparator
• Internal signals available on positive analog comparator inputs
– Output from 12-bit DAC
• Internal signals available on negative analog comparator inputs
– 64-level scaler of the VCC, available on negative analog comparator input
– Bandgap voltage reference
– Output from 12-bit DAC
26.4
Window Function
The window function is realized by connecting the external inputs of the two analog comparators
in a pair as shown in Figure 26-2.
Figure 26-2. Analog comparator window function
+
AC0
Upper limit of window
Interrupt
sensitivity
control
Input signal
Interrupts
Events
+
AC1
Lower limit of window
-
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27. OCD - On-chip Debug
27.1
Features
• Complete Program Flow Control
– Go, Stop, Reset, Step into, Step over, Step out, Run-to-Cursor
Debugging on C and high-level language source code level
Debugging on Assembler and disassembler level
1 dedicated program address or source level breakpoint for AVR Studio / debugger
4 Hardware Breakpoints
Unlimited Number of User Program Breakpoints
Unlimited Number of User Data Breakpoints, with break on:
– Data location read, write or both read and write
– Data location content equal or not equal to a value
– Data location content is greater or less than a value
– Data location content is within or outside a range
– Bits of a data location are equal or not equal to a value
• Non-Intrusive Operation
– No hardware or software resources in the device are used
• High Speed Operation
– No limitation on debug/programming clock frequency versus system clock frequency
•
•
•
•
•
•
27.2
Overview
The XMEGA A1 has a powerful On-Chip Debug (OCD) system that - in combination with Atmel’s
development tools - provides all the necessary functions to debug an application. It has support
for program and data breakpoints, and can debug an application from C and high level language
source code level, as well as assembler and disassembler level. It has full Non-Intrusive Operation and no hardware or software resources in the device are used. The ODC system is
accessed through an external debugging tool which connects to the JTAG or PDI physical interfaces. Refer to “PDI - Program and Debug Interface” on page 48.
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XMEGA A1
28. PDI - Program and Debug Interface
28.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
28.2
PDI - Program and Debug Interface (Atmel proprietary 2-pin interface)
JTAG Interface (IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant)
Boundary-scan capabilities according to the IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG)
Access to the OCD system
Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses and Lock Bits
Overview
The programming and debug facilities are accessed through the JTAG and PDI physical interfaces. The PDI physical interface uses one dedicated pin together with the Reset pin, and no
general purpose pins are used. JTAG uses four general purpose pins on PORTB.
The PDI is an Atmel proprietary protocol for communication between the microcontroller and
Atmel’s or third party development tools.
28.3
JTAG interface
The JTAG physical layer handles the basic low-level serial communication over four I/O lines
named TMS, TCK, TDI, and TDO. It complies to the IEEE Std. 1149.1 for test access port and
boundary scan.
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29. Pinout and Pin Functions
The pinout of XMEGA A1 is shown in “Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 3. In addition to general
I/O functionality, each pin may have several functions. This will depend on which peripheral is
enabled and connected to the actual pin. Only one of the alternate pin functions can be used at
time.
29.1
Alternate Pin Function Description
The tables below shows the notation for all pin functions available and describes its function.
29.1.1
29.1.2
29.1.3
29.1.4
Operation/Power Supply
VCC
Digital supply voltage
AVCC
Analog supply voltage
GND
Ground
Port Interrupt functions
SYNC
Port pin with full synchronous and limited asynchronous interrupt function
ASYNC
Port pin with full synchronous and full asynchronous interrupt function
Analog functions
ACn
Analog Comparator input pin n
AC0OUT
Analog Comparator 0 Output
ADCn
Analog to Digital Converter input pin n
DACn
Digital to Analog Converter output pin n
AREF
Analog Reference input pin
An
Address line n
Dn
Data line n
CSn
Chip Select n
ALEn
Address Latch Enable pin n
(SRAM)
RE
Read Enable
(SRAM)
WE
External Data Memory Write
(SRAM /SDRAM)
BAn
Bank Address
(SDRAM)
CAS
Column Access Strobe
(SDRAM)
CKE
SDRAM Clock Enable
(SDRAM)
CLK
SDRAM Clock
(SDRAM)
DQM
Data Mask Signal/Output Enable
(SDRAM)
RAS
Row Access Strobe
(SDRAM)
EBI functions
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29.1.5
29.1.6
29.1.7
29.1.8
Timer/Counter and AWEX functions
OCnx
Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n
OCxn
Inverted Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n
Communication functions
SCL
Serial Clock for TWI
SDA
Serial Data for TWI
SCLIN
Serial Clock In for TWI when external driver interface is enabled
SCLOUT
Serial Clock Out for TWI when external driver interface is enabled
SDAIN
Serial Data In for TWI when external driver interface is enabled
SDAOUT
Serial Data Out for TWI when external driver interface is enabled
XCKn
Transfer Clock for USART n
RXDn
Receiver Data for USART n
TXDn
Transmitter Data for USART n
SS
Slave Select for SPI
MOSI
Master Out Slave In for SPI
MISO
Master In Slave Out for SPI
SCK
Serial Clock for SPI
Oscillators, Clock and Event
TOSCn
Timer Oscillator pin n
XTALn
Input/Output for inverting Oscillator pin n
CLKOUT
Peripheral Clock Output
EVOUT
Event Channel 0 Output
Debug/System functions
RESET
Reset pin
PDI_CLK
Program and Debug Interface Clock pin
PDI_DATA
Program and Debug Interface Data pin
TCK
JTAG Test Clock
TDI
JTAG Test Data In
TDO
JTAG Test Data Out
TMS
JTAG Test Mode Select
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29.2
Alternate Pin Functions
The tables below show the primary/default function for each pin on a port in the first column, the
pin number in the second column, and then all alternate pin functions in the remaining columns.
The head row shows what peripheral that enable and use the alternate pin functions.
Table 29-1.
PORT A
PIN #
Port A - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
ADCA
POS
ADCA
NEG
ADCA
GAINPOS
SYNC
ADC0
ADC0
ADC0
ADCA
GAINNEG
ACA
POS
ACA
NEG
AC0
AC0
AC1
GND
93
AVCC
94
PA0
95
PA1
96
SYNC
ADC1
ADC1
ADC1
AC1
PA2
97
SYNC/ASYNC
ADC2
ADC2
ADC2
AC2
PA3
98
SYNC
ADC3
ADC3
PA4
99
SYNC
ADC4
PA5
100
SYNC
PA6
1
SYNC
PA7
2
SYNC
ADC7
Table 29-2.
PORT B
PIN #
ADC3
ADC4
AC4
ADC5
ADC5
ADC5
AC5
ADC6
ADC6
ADC6
AC6
ADC7
ADC7
DACA
REFA
AREF
DAC0
AC3
ADC4
ACA
OUT
AC3
DAC1
AC5
AC7
AC0OUT
Port B - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
ADCB
POS
ADCB
NEG
ADCB
GAINPOS
SYNC
ADC0
ADC0
ADCB
GAINNEG
ACB
POS
ACB
NEG
ADC0
AC0
AC0
AC1
GND
3
AVCC
4
PB0
5
PB1
6
SYNC
ADC1
ADC1
ADC1
AC1
PB2
7
SYNC/ASYNC
ADC2
ADC2
ADC2
AC2
PB3
8
SYNC
ADC3
ADC3
ADC3
PB4
9
SYNC
ADC4
PB5
10
SYNC
ADC5
ADC5
ADC5
AC5
PB6
11
SYNC
ADC6
ADC6
ADC6
AC6
PB7
12
SYNC
ADC7
ADC7
ADC7
ADC4
AC3
ADC4
ACB
OUT
DACB
REFB
JTAG
AREF
DAC0
AC3
DAC1
AC4
TMS
AC5
TDI
TCK
AC7
AC0OUT
TDO
51
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Table 29-3.
PORT C
PIN #
Port C - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
TCC0
AWEXC
15
SYNC
OC0A
OC0A
16
SYNC
OC0B
OC0A
XCK0
PC2
17
SYNC/ASYNC
OC0C
OC0B
RXD0
PC3
18
SYNC
OC0D
PC4
19
SYNC
PC5
20
PC6
21
PC7
22
GND
13
VCC
14
PC0
PC1
Table 29-4.
PORT D
PIN #
TCC1
USARTC0
USARTC1
OC0B
EVENTOUT
TXD0
OC0C
OC1A
SS
SYNC
OC0C
OC1B
XCK1
MOSI
SYNC
OC0D
RXD1
MISO
SYNC
OC0D
TXD1
SCK
CLKOUT
EVOUT
Port D - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
TCD0
SYNC
OC0A
TCD1
USARTD0
USARTD1
SPID
VCC
24
PD0
25
PD1
26
SYNC
OC0B
XCK0
PD2
27
SYNC/ASYNC
OC0C
RXD0
PD3
28
SYNC
OC0D
TXD0
PD4
29
SYNC
OC1A
PD5
30
SYNC
OC1B
XCK1
MOSI
PD6
31
SYNC
RXD1
MISO
PD7
32
SYNC
TXD1
SCK
PIN #
CLOCKOUT
SCL
23
PORT E
TWIC
SDA
GND
Table 29-5.
SPIC
TWID
CLOCKOUT
EVENTOUT
CLKOUT
EVOUT
SDA
SCL
SS
Port E - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
TCE0
AWEXE
TCE1
USARTE0
GND
33
VCC
34
PE0
35
SYNC
OC0A
OC0A
PE1
36
SYNC
OC0B
OC0A
XCK0
PE2
37
SYNC/ASYNC
OC0C
OC0B
RXD0
PE3
38
SYNC
OC0D
PE4
39
SYNC
OC0C
OC1A
PE5
40
SYNC
OC0C
OC1B
PE6
41
SYNC
PE7
42
SYNC
USARTE1
SPIE
TWIE
CLOCKOUT
EVENTOUT
CLKOUT
EVOUT
SDA
OC0B
SCL
TXD0
SS
XCK1
MOSI
OC0D
RXD1
MISO
OC0D
TXD1
SCK
52
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Table 29-6.
PORT F
PIN #
Port F - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
TCF0
SYNC
OC0A
TCF1
USARTF0
USARTF1
SPIF
GND
43
VCC
44
PF0
45
PF1
46
SYNC
OC0B
XCK0
PF2
47
SYNC/ASYNC
OC0C
RXD0
PF3
48
SYNC
OC0D
TXD0
PF4
49
SYNC
OC1A
PF5
50
SYNC
OC1B
XCK1
MOSI
PF6
51
SYNC
RXD1
MISO
PF7
52
SYNC
TXD1
SCK
Table 29-7.
PORT H
PIN #
TWIF
SDA
SCL
SS
Port H - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
SDRAM 3P
SRAM ALE1
SRAM ALE12
LPC3 ALE1
LPC2 ALE1
LPC2 ALE12
SYNC
WE
WE
WE
WE
WE
WE
56
SYNC
CAS
RE
RE
RE
RE
RE
57
SYNC/ASYNC
RAS
ALE1
ALE1
ALE1
ALE1
ALE1
58
SYNC
DQM
59
SYNC
BA0
CS0/A16
CS0
CS0/A16
CS0
CS0/A16
PH5
60
SYNC
BA1
CS1/A17
CS1
CS1/A17
CS1
CS1/A17
PH6
61
SYNC
CKE
CS2/A18
CS2
CS2/A18
CS2
CS2/A18
PH7
62
SYNC
CLK
CS3/A19
CS3
CS3/A19
CS3
CS3/A19
GND
53
VCC
54
PH0
55
PH1
PH2
PH3
PH4
Table 29-8.
PORT J
PIN #
ALE2
ALE2
Port J - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
SDRAM 3P
SRAM ALE1
SRAM ALE12
LPC3 ALE1
LPC2 ALE1
LPC2 ALE12
GND
63
VCC
64
PJ0
65
SYNC
D0
D0
D0
D0/A0
D0/A0
D0/A0/A8
PJ1
66
SYNC
D1
D1
D1
D1/A1
D1/A1
D1/A1/A9
PJ2
67
SYNC/ASYNC
D2
D2
D2
D2/A2
D2/A2
D2/A2/A10
PJ3
68
SYNC
D3
D3
D3
D3/A3
D3/A3
D3/A3/A11
PJ4
69
SYNC
A8
D4
D4
D4/A4
D4/A4
D4/A4/A12
PJ5
70
SYNC
A9
D5
D5
D5/A5
D5/A5
D5/A5/A13
PJ6
71
SYNC
A10
D6
D6
D6/A6
D6/A6
D6/A6/A14
PJ7
72
SYNC
A11
D7
D7
D7/A7
D7/A7
D7/A7/A15
53
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Table 29-9.
PORT K
PIN #
Port K - Alternate functions
INTERRUPT
SDRAM 3P
SRAM ALE1
SRAM ALE2
LPC3 ALE1
SYNC
A0
A0/A8
A0/A8/A16
A8
GND
73
VCC
74
PK0
75
PK1
76
SYNC
A1
A1/A9
A1/A9/A17
A9
PK2
77
SYNC/ASYNC
A2
A2/A10
A2/A10/A18
A10
PK3
78
SYNC
A3
A3/A11
A3/A11/A19
A11
PK4
79
SYNC
A4
A4/A12
A4/A12/A20
A12
PK5
80
SYNC
A5
A5/A13
A5/A13/A21
A13
PK6
81
SYNC
A6
A6/A14
A6/A14/A22
A14
PK7
82
SYNC
A7
A7/A15
A7/A15/A23
A15
Table 29-10. Port Q - Alternate functions
PORT Q
PIN #
INTERRUPT
TOSC
SYNC
TOSC1
86
SYNC
TOSC2
87
SYNC/ASYNC
88
SYNC
VCC
83
GND
84
PQ0
85
PQ1
PQ2
PQ3
Table 29-11. Port R- Alternate functions
PORT R
PIN #
INTERRUPT
PDI
XTAL
PDI
89
PDI_DATA
RESET
90
PDI_CLOCK
PRO
91
SYNC
XTAL2
PR1
92
SYNC
XTAL1
54
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
30. Peripheral Module Address Map
The address maps show the base address for each peripheral and module in XMEGA A1. For
complete register description and summary for each peripheral module, refer to the XMEGA A
Manual.
Base Address
0x0000
0x0010
0x0014
0x0018
0x001C
0x0030
0x0040
0x0048
0x0050
0x0060
0x0068
0x0070
0x0078
0x0080
0x0090
0x00A0
0x00B0
0x00C0
0x0100
0x0180
0x01C0
0x0200
0x0240
0x0300
0x0320
0x0380
0x0390
0x0400
0x0440
0x0480
0x0490
0x04A0
0x04B0
0x0600
0x0620
0x0640
0x0660
0x0680
0x06A0
0x06E0
0x0700
0x0720
0x07C0
0x07E0
0x0800
0x0840
0x0880
0x0890
0x08A0
0x08B0
0x08C0
0x08F8
0x0900
0x0940
0x0990
0x09A0
0x09B0
0x09C0
0x0A00
Name
Description
GPIO
VPORT0
VPORT1
VPORT2
VPORT3
CPU
CLK
SLEEP
OSC
DFLLRC32M
DFLLRC2M
PR
RST
WDT
MCU
PMIC
PORTCFG
AES
DMA
EVSYS
NVM
ADCA
ADCB
DACA
DACB
ACA
ACB
RTC
EBI
TWIC
TWID
TWIE
TWIF
PORTA
PORTB
PORTC
PORTD
PORTE
PORTF
PORTH
PORTJ
PORTK
PORTQ
PORTR
TCC0
TCC1
AWEXC
HIRESC
USARTC0
USARTC1
SPIC
IRCOM
TCD0
TCD1
HIRESD
USARTD0
USARTD1
SPID
TCE0
General Purpose IO Registers
Virtual Port 0
Virtual Port 1
Virtual Port 2
Virtual Port 3
CPU
Clock Control
Sleep Controller
Oscillator Control
DFLL for the 32 MHz Internal RC Oscillator
DFLL for the 2 MHz RC Oscillator
Power Reduction
Reset Controller
Watch-Dog Timer
MCU Control
Programmable Multilevel Interrupt Controller
Port Configuration
AES Module
DMA Controller
Event System
Non Volatile Memory (NVM) Controller
Analog to Digital Converter on port A
Analog to Digital Converter on port B
Digital to Analog Converter on port A
Digital to Analog Converter on port B
Analog Comparator pair on port A
Analog Comparator pair on port B
Real Time Counter
External Bus Interface
Two Wire Interface on port C
Two Wire Interface on port D
Two Wire Interface on port E
Two Wire Interface on port F
Port A
Port B
Port C
Port D
Port E
Port F
Port H
Port J
Port K
Port Q
Port R
Timer/Counter 0 on port C
Timer/Counter 1 on port C
Advanced Waveform Extension on port C
High Resolution Extension on port C
USART 0 on port C
USART 1 on port C
Serial Peripheral Interface on port C
Infrared Communication Module
Timer/Counter 0 on port D
Timer/Counter 1 on port D
High Resolution Extension on port D
USART 0 on port D
USART 1 on port D
Serial Peripheral Interface on port D
Timer/Counter 0 on port E
55
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Base Address
0x0A40
0x0A80
0x0A90
0x0AA0
0x0AB0
0x0AC0
0x0B00
0x0B40
0x0B90
0x0BA0
0x0BB0
0x0BC0
Name
Description
TCE1
AWEXE
HIRESE
USARTE0
USARTE1
SPIE
TCF0
TCF1
HIRESF
USARTF0
USARTF1
SPIF
Timer/Counter 1 on port E
Advanced Waveform Extension on port E
High Resolution Extension on port E
USART 0 on port E
USART 1 on port E
Serial Peripheral Interface on port E
Timer/Counter 0 on port F
Timer/Counter 1 on port F
High Resolution Extension on port F
USART 0 on port F
USART 1 on port F
Serial Peripheral Interface on port F
56
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
31. Instruction Set Summary
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
Arithmetic and Logic Instructions
ADD
Rd, Rr
Add without Carry
Rd
←
Rd + Rr
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
ADC
Rd, Rr
Add with Carry
Rd
←
Rd + Rr + C
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
ADIW
Rd, K
Add Immediate to Word
Rd
←
Rd + 1:Rd + K
Z,C,N,V,S
2
SUB
Rd, Rr
Subtract without Carry
Rd
←
Rd - Rr
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SUBI
Rd, K
Subtract Immediate
Rd
←
Rd - K
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SBC
Rd, Rr
Subtract with Carry
Rd
←
Rd - Rr - C
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SBCI
Rd, K
Subtract Immediate with Carry
Rd
←
Rd - K - C
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SBIW
Rd, K
Subtract Immediate from Word
Rd + 1:Rd
←
Rd + 1:Rd - K
Z,C,N,V,S
2
AND
Rd, Rr
Logical AND
Rd
←
Rd • Rr
Z,N,V,S
1
ANDI
Rd, K
Logical AND with Immediate
Rd
←
Rd • K
Z,N,V,S
1
OR
Rd, Rr
Logical OR
Rd
←
Rd v Rr
Z,N,V,S
1
ORI
Rd, K
Logical OR with Immediate
Rd
←
Rd v K
Z,N,V,S
1
EOR
Rd, Rr
Exclusive OR
Rd
←
Rd ⊕ Rr
Z,N,V,S
1
COM
Rd
One’s Complement
Rd
←
$FF - Rd
Z,C,N,V,S
1
NEG
Rd
Two’s Complement
Rd
←
$00 - Rd
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SBR
Rd,K
Set Bit(s) in Register
Rd
←
Rd v K
Z,N,V,S
1
CBR
Rd,K
Clear Bit(s) in Register
Rd
←
Rd • ($FFh - K)
Z,N,V,S
1
INC
Rd
Increment
Rd
←
Rd + 1
Z,N,V,S
1
DEC
Rd
Decrement
Rd
←
Rd - 1
Z,N,V,S
1
TST
Rd
Test for Zero or Minus
Rd
←
Rd • Rd
Z,N,V,S
1
CLR
Rd
Clear Register
Rd
←
Rd ⊕ Rd
Z,N,V,S
1
SER
Rd
Set Register
Rd
←
$FF
None
1
MUL
Rd,Rr
Multiply Unsigned
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr (UU)
Z,C
2
MULS
Rd,Rr
Multiply Signed
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr (SS)
Z,C
2
MULSU
Rd,Rr
Multiply Signed with Unsigned
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr (SU)
Z,C
2
FMUL
Rd,Rr
Fractional Multiply Unsigned
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr<<1 (UU)
Z,C
2
FMULS
Rd,Rr
Fractional Multiply Signed
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr<<1 (SS)
Z,C
2
FMULSU
Rd,Rr
Fractional Multiply Signed with Unsigned
R1:R0
←
Rd x Rr<<1 (SU)
Z,C
2
DES
K
Data Encryption
if (H = 0) then R15:R0
else if (H = 1) then R15:R0
←
←
Encrypt(R15:R0, K)
Decrypt(R15:R0, K)
PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
2
1/2
Branch Instructions
RJMP
k
Relative Jump
IJMP
Indirect Jump to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
0
None
2
EIJMP
Extended Indirect Jump to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
EIND
None
2
JMP
k
Jump
PC
←
k
None
3
RCALL
k
Relative Call Subroutine
PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
2 / 3(1)
ICALL
Indirect Call to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
0
None
2 / 3(1)
EICALL
Extended Indirect Call to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
EIND
None
3(1)
57
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
CALL
k
call Subroutine
PC
←
RET
Subroutine Return
PC
RETI
Interrupt Return
CPSE
Rd,Rr
Compare, Skip if Equal
CP
Rd,Rr
Compare
CPC
Rd,Rr
Compare with Carry
CPI
Rd,K
Compare with Immediate
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
k
None
3 / 4(1)
←
STACK
None
4 / 5(1)
PC
←
STACK
I
4 / 5(1)
if (Rd = Rr) PC
←
PC + 2 or 3
None
1/2/3
Rd - Rr
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
Rd - Rr - C
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
Rd - K
Z,C,N,V,S,H
1
SBRC
Rr, b
Skip if Bit in Register Cleared
if (Rr(b) = 0) PC
←
PC + 2 or 3
None
1/2/3
SBRS
Rr, b
Skip if Bit in Register Set
if (Rr(b) = 1) PC
←
PC + 2 or 3
None
1/2/3
SBIC
A, b
Skip if Bit in I/O Register Cleared
if (I/O(A,b) = 0) PC
←
PC + 2 or 3
None
2/3/4
SBIS
A, b
Skip if Bit in I/O Register Set
If (I/O(A,b) =1) PC
←
PC + 2 or 3
None
2/3/4
BRBS
s, k
Branch if Status Flag Set
if (SREG(s) = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRBC
s, k
Branch if Status Flag Cleared
if (SREG(s) = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BREQ
k
Branch if Equal
if (Z = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRNE
k
Branch if Not Equal
if (Z = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRCS
k
Branch if Carry Set
if (C = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRCC
k
Branch if Carry Cleared
if (C = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRSH
k
Branch if Same or Higher
if (C = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRLO
k
Branch if Lower
if (C = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRMI
k
Branch if Minus
if (N = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRPL
k
Branch if Plus
if (N = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRGE
k
Branch if Greater or Equal, Signed
if (N ⊕ V= 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRLT
k
Branch if Less Than, Signed
if (N ⊕ V= 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRHS
k
Branch if Half Carry Flag Set
if (H = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRHC
k
Branch if Half Carry Flag Cleared
if (H = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRTS
k
Branch if T Flag Set
if (T = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRTC
k
Branch if T Flag Cleared
if (T = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRVS
k
Branch if Overflow Flag is Set
if (V = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRVC
k
Branch if Overflow Flag is Cleared
if (V = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRIE
k
Branch if Interrupt Enabled
if (I = 1) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
BRID
k
Branch if Interrupt Disabled
if (I = 0) then PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
1/2
MOV
Rd, Rr
Copy Register
Rd
←
Rr
None
1
MOVW
Rd, Rr
Copy Register Pair
Rd+1:Rd
←
Rr+1:Rr
None
1
LDI
Rd, K
Load Immediate
Rd
←
K
None
1
LDS
Rd, k
Load Direct from data space
Rd
←
(k)
None
2(1)(2)
LD
Rd, X
Load Indirect
Rd
←
(X)
None
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, X+
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
X
←
←
(X)
X+1
None
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, -X
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
X ← X - 1,
Rd ← (X)
←
←
X-1
(X)
None
2(1)(2)
LD
Rd, Y
Load Indirect
Rd ← (Y)
←
(Y)
None
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, Y+
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
Y
←
←
(Y)
Y+1
None
1(1)(2)
Data Transfer Instructions
58
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
Flags
#Clocks
LD
Rd, -Y
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Y
Rd
←
←
Y-1
(Y)
None
2(1)(2)
LDD
Rd, Y+q
Load Indirect with Displacement
Rd
←
(Y + q)
None
2(1)(2)
LD
Rd, Z
Load Indirect
Rd
←
(Z)
None
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, Z+
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
Z
←
←
(Z),
Z+1
None
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, -Z
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Z
Rd
←
←
Z - 1,
(Z)
None
2(1)(2)
LDD
Rd, Z+q
Load Indirect with Displacement
Rd
←
(Z + q)
None
2(1)(2)
STS
k, Rr
Store Direct to Data Space
(k)
←
Rd
None
2(1)
ST
X, Rr
Store Indirect
(X)
←
Rr
None
1(1)
ST
X+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(X)
X
←
←
Rr,
X+1
None
1(1)
ST
-X, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
X
(X)
←
←
X - 1,
Rr
None
2(1)
ST
Y, Rr
Store Indirect
(Y)
←
Rr
None
1(1)
ST
Y+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(Y)
Y
←
←
Rr,
Y+1
None
1(1)
ST
-Y, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Y
(Y)
←
←
Y - 1,
Rr
None
2(1)
STD
Y+q, Rr
Store Indirect with Displacement
(Y + q)
←
Rr
None
2(1)
ST
Z, Rr
Store Indirect
(Z)
←
Rr
None
1(1)
ST
Z+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(Z)
Z
←
←
Rr
Z+1
None
1(1)
ST
-Z, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Z
←
Z-1
None
2(1)
STD
Z+q,Rr
Store Indirect with Displacement
(Z + q)
←
Rr
None
2(1)
Load Program Memory
R0
←
(Z)
None
3
LPM
Operation
LPM
Rd, Z
Load Program Memory
Rd
←
(Z)
None
3
LPM
Rd, Z+
Load Program Memory and Post-Increment
Rd
Z
←
←
(Z),
Z+1
None
3
Extended Load Program Memory
R0
←
(RAMPZ:Z)
None
3
ELPM
ELPM
Rd, Z
Extended Load Program Memory
Rd
←
(RAMPZ:Z)
None
3
ELPM
Rd, Z+
Extended Load Program Memory and PostIncrement
Rd
Z
←
←
(RAMPZ:Z),
Z+1
None
3
Store Program Memory
(RAMPZ:Z)
←
R1:R0
None
-
(RAMPZ:Z)
Z
←
←
R1:R0,
Z+2
None
-
Rd
←
I/O(A)
None
1
I/O(A)
←
Rr
None
1
STACK
←
Rr
None
1(1)
Rd
←
STACK
None
2(1)
Rd(n+1)
Rd(0)
C
←
←
←
Rd(n),
0,
Rd(7)
Z,C,N,V,H
1
Rd(n)
Rd(7)
C
←
←
←
Rd(n+1),
0,
Rd(0)
Z,C,N,V
1
SPM
SPM
Z+
Store Program Memory and Post-Increment
by 2
IN
Rd, A
In From I/O Location
OUT
A, Rr
Out To I/O Location
PUSH
Rr
Push Register on Stack
POP
Rd
Pop Register from Stack
Bit and Bit-test Instructions
LSL
Rd
Logical Shift Left
LSR
Rd
Logical Shift Right
59
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
ROL
Rd
Rotate Left Through Carry
ROR
Rd
ASR
Rd
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
Rd(0)
Rd(n+1)
C
←
←
←
C,
Rd(n),
Rd(7)
Z,C,N,V,H
1
Rotate Right Through Carry
Rd(7)
Rd(n)
C
←
←
←
C,
Rd(n+1),
Rd(0)
Z,C,N,V
1
Arithmetic Shift Right
Rd(n)
←
Rd(n+1), n=0..6
Z,C,N,V
1
SWAP
Rd
Swap Nibbles
Rd(3..0)
↔
Rd(7..4)
None
1
BSET
s
Flag Set
SREG(s)
←
1
SREG(s)
1
BCLR
s
Flag Clear
SREG(s)
←
0
SREG(s)
1
SBI
A, b
Set Bit in I/O Register
I/O(A, b)
←
1
None
1
CBI
A, b
Clear Bit in I/O Register
I/O(A, b)
←
0
None
1
BST
Rr, b
Bit Store from Register to T
T
←
Rr(b)
T
1
BLD
Rd, b
Bit load from T to Register
Rd(b)
←
T
None
1
SEC
Set Carry
C
←
1
C
1
CLC
Clear Carry
C
←
0
C
1
SEN
Set Negative Flag
N
←
1
N
1
CLN
Clear Negative Flag
N
←
0
N
1
SEZ
Set Zero Flag
Z
←
1
Z
1
CLZ
Clear Zero Flag
Z
←
0
Z
1
SEI
Global Interrupt Enable
I
←
1
I
1
CLI
Global Interrupt Disable
I
←
0
I
1
SES
Set Signed Test Flag
S
←
1
S
1
CLS
Clear Signed Test Flag
S
←
0
S
1
SEV
Set Two’s Complement Overflow
V
←
1
V
1
CLV
Clear Two’s Complement Overflow
V
←
0
V
1
SET
Set T in SREG
T
←
1
T
1
CLT
Clear T in SREG
T
←
0
T
1
SEH
Set Half Carry Flag in SREG
H
←
1
H
1
CLH
Clear Half Carry Flag in SREG
H
←
0
H
1
MCU Control Instructions
BREAK
Break
NOP
No Operation
SLEEP
Sleep
WDR
Watchdog Reset
Notes:
(See specific descr. for BREAK)
None
1
None
1
(see specific descr. for Sleep)
None
1
(see specific descr. for WDR)
None
1
1. Cycle times for Data memory accesses assume internal memory accesses, and are not valid for accesses via the external
RAM interface.
2. One extra cycle must be added when accessing Internal SRAM.
60
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
32. Packaging information
32.1
100A
PIN 1
B
PIN 1 IDENTIFIER
E1
e
E
D1
D
C
0˚~7˚
A1
A2
A
L
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
Notes:
1. This package conforms to JEDEC reference MS-026, Variation AED.
2. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable
protrusion is 0.25 mm per side. Dimensions D1 and E1 are maximum
plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch.
3. Lead coplanarity is 0.08 mm maximum.
SYMBOL
MIN
NOM
MAX
A
–
–
1.20
A1
0.05
–
0.15
A2
0.95
1.00
1.05
D
15.75
16.00
16.25
D1
13.90
14.00
14.10
E
15.75
16.00
16.25
E1
13.90
14.00
14.10
B
0.17
–
0.27
C
0.09
–
0.20
L
0.45
–
0.75
e
NOTE
Note 2
Note 2
0.50 TYP
10/5/2001
R
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131
TITLE
100A, 100-lead, 14 x 14 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness,
0.5 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
DRAWING NO.
100A
REV.
C
61
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
32.2
100C1
0.12 Z
E
Marked A1 Identifier
SIDE VIEW
D
A
TOP VIEW
A1
Øb
e
A1 Corner
0.90 TYP
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A
0.90 TYP
B
C
D
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
E
D1
F
e
SYMBOL
MIN
NOM
MAX
H
A
1.10
–
1.20
I
A1
0.30
0.35
0.40
D
8.90
9.00
9.10
E
8.90
9.00
9.10
D1
7.10
7.20
7.30
G
J
E1
BOTTOM VIEW
E1
7.10
7.20
7.30
Øb
0.35
0.40
0.45
e
NOTE
0.80 TYP
5/25/06
R
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131
TITLE
100C1, 100-ball, 9 x 9 x 1.2 mm Body, Ball Pitch 0.80 mm
Chip Array BGA Package (CBGA)
DRAWING NO.
100C1
REV.
A
62
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
32.3
100C2
E
A1 BALL ID
0.10
D
A1
TOP VIEW
A
A2
E1
SIDE VIEW
100 - Ø0.35 ± 0.05
J
I
H
G
e
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
F
D1
E
SYMBOL
MIN
MAX
D
A
–
–
1.00
C
A1
0.20
–
–
B
A2
0.65
–
–
D
6.90
7.00
7.10
A
D1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
b
e
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTE
5.85 BSC
10
E
A1 BALL CORNER
NOM
6.90
7.00
E1
b
7.10
5.85 BSC
0.30
0.35
e
0.40
0.65 BSC
12/23/08
Package Drawing Contact:
[email protected]
TITLE
100C2, 100-ball (10 x 10 Array), 0.65 mm Pitch,
7.0 x 7.0 x 1.0 mm, Very Thin, Fine-Pitch
Ball Grid Array Package (VFBGA)
GPC
CIF
DRAWING NO.
100C2
REV.
A
63
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
33. Electrical Characteristics
33.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Operating Temperature.................................. -55°C to +125°C
*NOTICE:
Storage Temperature ..................................... -65°C to +150°C
Voltage on any Pin with respect to Ground..-0.5V to VCC+0.5V
Maximum Operating Voltage ............................................ 3.6V
DC Current per I/O Pin ............................................... 20.0 mA
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and
functional operation of the device at these or
other conditions beyond those indicated in the
operational sections of this specification is not
implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
DC Current VCC and GND Pins................................ 200.0 mA
33.2
DC Characteristics
Table 33-1.
Symbol
Current Consumption
Parameter
Condition
TBD
VCC = 3.0V
TBD
VCC = 1.8V
365
VCC = 3.0V
790
VCC = 1.8V
690
VCC = 3.0V
1400
VCC = 1.8V
710
VCC = 3.0V
1.45
32 MHz, Ext. Clk
VCC = 3.0V
18.35
32 MHz, Ext. Clk, T= 85°C
VCC = 3.0V
18.4
VCC = 1.8V
TBD
VCC = 3.0V
TBD
VCC = 1.8V
135
VCC = 3.0V
255
VCC = 1.8V
270
VCC = 3.0V
510
VCC = 1.8V
275
VCC = 3.0V
520
32 MHz, Ext. Clk
VCC = 3.0V
8.15
32 MHz, Ext. Clk, T= 85°C
VCC = 3.0V
8.25
1 MHz, Ext. Clk
2 MHz, Ext. Clk
2 MHz, Ext. Clk, T = 85°C
ICC
Power Supply Current(1)
32 kHz, Ext. Clk
1 MHz, Ext. Clk
Idle
Typ.
VCC = 1.8V
32 kHz, Ext. Clk
Active
Min.
2 MHz, Ext. Clk
2 MHz, Ext. Clk, T = 85°C
Max.
Units
µA
mA
µA
mA
64
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Table 33-1.
Symbol
Current Consumption (Continued)
Parameter
Condition
Typ.
All Functions Disabled
VCC = 3.0V
0.1
All Functions Disabled, T = 85°C
VCC = 3.0V
2
VCC = 1.8V
1.1
VCC = 3.0V
1.2
ULP, WDT, Sampled BOD, T=85°C
VCC = 3.0V
TBD
RTC 1.024 kHz from Low Power
32.768 kHz TOSC
VCC = 1.8V
0.55
VCC = 3.0V
0.65
RTC from Low Power 32.768 kHz
TOSC
VCC = 1.8V
0.55
VCC = 3.0V
1.15
VCC = 3.0V
TBD
Power-down mode
ULP, WDT, Sampled BOD
ICC
Min.
Power-save mode
Reset Current
Consumption
Max.
Units
µA
Module current consumption(2)
RC32M
395
RC2M
120
RC2M w/DFLL
Internal 32.768 kHz oscillator as DFLL source
RC32K
30
EXT CLK
PLL
TBD
Multiplication factor = 10x
External Clock Source
Fail Monitor
ICC
155
195
TBD
Watchdog normal mode
1
BOD Continuous mode
120
BOD Sampled mode
1
Internal 1.00 V ref
85
Temperature reference
80
RTC with int. 32 kHz RC
as source
No prescaling
30
RTC with ULP as source
No prescaling
1
RTC with 1 kHz TOSC as
source
No prescaling
TBD
ADC
250 ksps in free running mode, internal 1.00V ref.
DAC Normal Mode
Single channel, Internal 1.00V reference
TBD
DAC Low-Power Mode
Single channel, Internal 1.00V reference
TBD
DAC S/H
Internal 1.00V reference, Refresh 16CLK
2.3
DAC Low-Power Mode
S/H
Internal 1.00V reference, Refresh 16CLK
TBD
µA
3.6
mA
65
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Table 33-1.
Symbol
ICC
Current Consumption (Continued)
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
AC High-speed
220
AC Low-power
110
USART
Rx and Tx enabled, 9600 BAUD
7.5
DMA
1 MBps data rate
180
Timer/Counter
Prescaler DIV1
18
Units
µA
AES
Note:
Max.
195
1. All Power Reduction Registers set. T = 25°C if not specified.
2. All parameters measured as the difference in current consumption between module enabled and disabled. All data at
VCC = 3.0V, ClkSYS = 1 MHz External clock with no prescaling, T = 25°C.
33.3
Speed
Table 33-2.
Symbol
ClkSYS
Speed
Parameter
Condition
System clock
frequency
Min
Typ
Max
VCC = 1.6V
0
12
VCC = 1.8V
0
12
VCC = 2.7V
0
32
VCC = 3.6V
0
32
Units
MHz
The maximum System clock frequency of the XMEGA A1 devices is depending on VCC. As
shown in Figure 33-1 on page 66 the Frequency vs. V C C curve is linear between
1.8V < VCC < 2.7V.
Figure 33-1. Operating Frequency vs. Vcc
MHz
32
Safe Operating Area
12
1.6
1.8
2.7
3.6
V
66
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
33.4
ADC Characteristics
Table 33-3.
ADC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
RES
Resolution
Programmable: 8/12
INL
Integral Non-Linearity
500 ksps
DNL
Differential Non-Linearity
500 ksps
ADCclk
Min
Typ
Max
Units
8
12
12
Bits
< ±1
±1
< ±10
mV
Offset Error
±2
mV
ADC Clock frequency
Max is 1/4 of Peripheral Clock
Conversion time
(propagation delay)
(RES+2)/2+GAIN
RES = 8 or 12, GAIN = 0 or 1
Sampling Time
1/2 ADCclk cycle
5
7
2000
kHz
2000
ksps
8
ADCclk
cycles
0.25
uS
Conversion range
0
VREF
V
Reference voltage
1.0
Vcc-0.6V
V
Input bandwidth
INT1V
LSB
Gain Error
Conversion rate
VREF
LSB
kHz
Internal 1.00V reference
1.00
V
INTVCC
Internal VCC/1.6
VCC/1.6
V
SCALEDVCC
Scaled internal VCC/10 input
VCC/10
V
Reference input resistance
> 10
MΩ
RAREF
Start-up time
Internal input sampling speed
Table 33-4.
Symbol
µs
Parameter
Condition
1 to 64 gain
Noise level at input
Min
Typ
Max
< ±1
Offset error
Units
%
< ±1
VREF = Int 1.00V
0.12
VREF = Ext 2 V
0.06
mV
64x gain
Conversion rate
Rs
ksps
ADC Gain Stage Characteristics
Gain error
Vrms
100
Temp. sensor, VCC/10, Bandgap
1000
Input impedance
All channels, full speed
Start-up time
ADC conversion rate
ksps
Ω
cycle
67
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
33.5
DAC Characteristics
Table 33-5.
Symbol
DAC Characteristics
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Single channel mode
VREF = Ext. ref
INL
Integral Non-Linearity
DNL
Differential Non-Linearity
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
5
VREF= AVCC
LSB
VREF = Ext. ref
0.6
VREF= AVCC
0.6
<±1
Conversion rate
Fclk
AREF
External reference voltage
1.1
Reference input impedance
1000
ksps
AVCC-0.6
V
>10
MΩ
DC output impedance
Max output voltage
Rload=100kΩ
AVCC*0.98
Min output voltage
Rload=100kΩ
0.01
Offset factory calibration accuracy
Continues mode, VCC=3.0V,
VREF = Int 1.00V, T=85°C
TBD
Gain factory calibration accuracy
33.6
kΩ
V
LSB
TBD
Analog Comparator Characteristics
Table 33-6.
Symbol
Analog Comparator Characteristics
Parameter
Condition
Input Offset Voltage
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
< ±5
mV
Input Leakage Current
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
< 1000
pA
Vhys1
Hysteresis, No
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
0
mV
Vhys2
Hysteresis, Small
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
mode = HS
25
Vhys3
Hysteresis, Large
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
mode = HS
50
70
Propagation delay
VCC = 3.0V, T= 85°C
mode = HS
tdelay
VCC = 1.6-3.6V
mode = LP
140
Voff
Ilk
33.7
Min
Typ
Max
Units
mV
ns
Bandgap Voltage Characteristics
Table 33-7.
Symbol
Bandgap Voltage Characteristics
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
As reference for ADC or DAC
TBD
As input to AC or ADC
TBD
Max
Bandgap
µs
Bandgap voltage
Internal 1.00V reference
Units
1.10
TA = -40°C °, VCC = 3.0V
V
0.995
1.00
1.05
68
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
33.8
Brownout Detection Characteristics
Brownout Detection Characteristics(1)
Table 33-8.
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
BOD level 0 falling Vcc
1.6
BOD level 1 falling Vcc
1.9
BOD level 2 falling Vcc
2.1
BOD level 3 falling Vcc
2.4
BOD level 4 falling Vcc
2.6
BOD level 5 falling Vcc
2.9
BOD level 6 falling Vcc
3.2
BOD level 7 falling Vcc
3.4
Max
Units
V
Hysteresis
BOD level 0-5
Note:
1. BOD is calibrated on BOD level 0 at 85°C.
33.9
PAD Characteristics
Table 33-9.
Symbol
Parameter
Input High Voltage
VIL
Input Low Voltage
VOH
%
PAD Characteristics
VIH
VOL
2
Output Low Voltage GPIO
Output High Voltage GPIO
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
VCC = 2.4 - 3.6V
VCC+0.5
VCC = 1.6 - 2.4V
VCC+0.5
VCC = 2.4 - 3.6V
-0.5
VCC = 1.6 - 2.4V
-0.5
IOL = 15 mA, VCC = 3.3V
0.45
IOL = 10 mA, VCC = 2.7V
0.3
IOL = 5 mA, VCC = 1.8V
0.2
IOH = -8 mA, VCC = 3.3V
3.0
IOH = -6 mA, VCC = 2.7V
2.2
IOH = -2 mA, VCC = 1.8V
1.6
V
IIL
Input Leakage Current I/O pin
<0.001
1
IIH
Input Leakage Current I/O pin
<0.001
1
RP
I/O pin Pull/Buss keeper Resistor
T= -40°C to 85°C
20
Reset pin Pull-up Resistor
T= -40°C to 85°C
20
Slew Rate
No load
TBD
Slew Rate w/slew rate limitation
No load
TBD
Input hysteresis
VCC = 1.6 V - 3.6 V, T= -40°C to 85°C
0.5
RRST
Units
µA
kΩ
ns
mV
69
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
33.10 POR Characteristics
Table 33-10. Power-on Reset Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Power-on slope range
TBD
V/ms
Minimum pulse width
TBD
µs
VPOT-
POR threshold voltage falling Vcc
1
VPOT+
POR threshold voltage rising Vcc
1.4
V
33.11 Reset Characteristics
Table 33-11. Reset Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Minimum reset pulse width
Reset threshold voltage
Typ
Max
90
VCC = 2.7 - 3.6V
0.45*VCC
VCC = 1.6 - 2.7V
0.42*VCC
Units
ns
V
33.12 Oscillator Characteristics
Table 33-12. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Accuracy
T = 85°C, VCC = 3V,
After production calibration
DFLL Calibration step size
T = 25°C, VCC = 3V
Min
Typ
-1
Max
Units
1
%
0.175
Table 33-13. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Accuracy
T = 85°C, VCC = 3V,
After production calibration
DFLL Calibration step size
T = 25°C, VCC = 3V
Min
Typ
-1
Max
Units
1
%
0.2
70
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XMEGA A1
34. Typical Characteristics
34.1
Active Supply Current
Figure 34-1. Active Supply Current vs. Frequency
fSYS = 1 - 32 MHz, T = 25°C
25
3.3V
20
Icc [mA]
3.0V
2.7V
15
10
2.2V
5
1.8V
0
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
Frequency [MHz]
Figure 34-2. Active Supply Current vs. VCC
fSYS = 1.0 MHz
1200
85°C
-40°C
25°C
1000
Icc [uA]
800
600
400
200
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
34.2
Idle Supply Current
Figure 34-3. Idle Supply Current vs. Frequency
fSYS = 1 - 32 MHz, T = 25°C
,
10
3.3V
9
8
3.0V
7
2.7V
Icc [mA]
6
5
4
3
2.2V
2
1.8V
1
0
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
Frequency [MHz]
Figure 34-4. Active Supply Current vs. VCC
fSYS = 1.0 MHz
400
85°C
25°C
-40°C
350
300
Icc [uA]
250
200
150
100
50
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
34.3
Power-down Supply Current
Figure 34-5. Power-down Supply Current vs. Temperature
2.5
3.3V
3.0V
2.7V
2.2V
1.8V
2
Icc [uA]
1.5
1
0.5
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Temperature [°C]
34.4
Power-save Supply Current
Figure 34-6. Power-save Supply Current vs. Temperature
Sampled BOD, WDT, RTC from ULP enabled
3.5
3.3V
2.7V
3
2.2V
1.8V
Icc [uA]
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Temperature [°C]
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XMEGA A1
34.5
Pin Pull-up
Figure 34-7. I/O Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage
VCC = 1.8V
100
Ireset [uA]
80
60
-40 °C
40
85 °C
25 °C
20
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
vreset [V]
Figure 34-8. I/O Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage
VCC = 3.0V
180
160
140
Ireset [uA]
120
100
80
60
-40 °C
85 °C
40
25 °C
20
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
vreset [V]
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-9. I/O Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage
VCC = 3.3V
180
160
140
Ireset [uA]
120
100
80
-40 °C
85 °C
60
40
20
25 °C
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
vreset [V]
34.6
Pin Thresholds and Hysteresis
Figure 34-10. I/O Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs. VCC
VIH - I/O Pin Read as “1”
2.5
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
Vthreshold [V]
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-11. I/O Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs. VCC
VIL - I/O Pin Read as “0”
1.8
85 °C
25 °C
-40 °C
1.6
1.4
Vthreshold [V]
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
Figure 34-12. I/O Pin Input Hysteresis vs. VCC.
0.8
Vthreshold [V]
0.6
85 °C
25 °C
-40 °C
0.4
0.2
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-13. Reset Input Threshold Voltage vs. VCC
VIH - I/O Pin Read as “1”
1.8
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
1.6
1.4
Vthreshold [V]
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
Figure 34-14. Reset Input Threshold Voltage vs. VCC
VIL - I/O Pin Read as “0”
1.8
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
1.6
1.4
Vthreshold [V]
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
34.7
Bod Thresholds
Figure 34-15. BOD Thresholds vs. Temperature
BOD Level = 1.6V
1.638
1.632
Rising Vcc
VBOT [V]
1.626
1.62
1.614
Falling Vcc
1.608
1.602
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
40
50
60
70
80
90
Temperature [°C]
Figure 34-16. BOD Thresholds vs. Temperature
BOD Level = 2.9V
3.01
Rising Vcc
2.995
VBOT [V]
2.98
2.965
2.95
2.935
Falling Vcc
2.92
2.905
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Temperature [°C]
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XMEGA A1
34.8
Bandgap
Figure 34-17. Internal 1.00V Reference vs. Temperature.
1.004
1.0035
1.003
VREF [V]
1.0025
1.002
1.0015
1.001
1.0005
1
3.0V
1.8V
0.9995
0.999
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Temperature [°C]
34.9
Analog Comparator
Figure 34-18. Analog Comparator Hysteresis vs. VCC
High-speed, Small hysteresis
30
Hysteresis [mV]
25
25°C
20
15
10
5
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-19. Analog Comparator Hysteresis vs. VCC, High-speed
Large hysteresis
60
50
Hysteresis [mV]
25°C
40
30
20
10
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
Figure 34-20. Analog Comparator Propagation Delay vs. VCC
High-speed
120
Propagation Delay [ns]
100
80
60
25°C
40
20
0
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vcc [V]
80
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XMEGA A1
34.10 Internal Oscillator Speed
Figure 34-21. Internal 32.768 kHz Oscillator Frequency vs. Temperature
1.024 kHz output
p
1.03
1.025
1.8 V
1.02
3.0 V
f [kHz]
1.015
1.01
1.005
1
0.995
0.99
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
T [°C]
Figure 34-22. Ultra Low-Power (ULP) Oscillator Frequency vs. Temperature
1 kHz output
p
0.93
0.92
f1kHz output [kHz]
0.91
0.9
3.0 V
0.89
1.8 V
0.88
0.87
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
T [°C]
81
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-23. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator CalA Calibration Step Size
T = -40 to 85°C, VCC = 3V
0.006
Step size: f [MHz]
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
60
70
CALA [LSB]
Figure 34-24. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator CalB Calibration Step Size
T = -40 to 85°C, VCC = 3V
0.04
0.035
Step size: f [MHz]
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
CALB [LSB]
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XMEGA A1
Figure 34-25. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator CalA Calibration Step Size
T = -40 to 85°C, VCC = 3V
0.09
0.08
Step size: f [MHz]
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
60
70
CALA
Figure 34-26. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator CalB Calibration Step Size
T = -40 to 85°C, VCC = 3V
0.7
0.6
Step size: f [MHz]
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
CALB
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XMEGA A1
35. Errata
35.1
ATxmega128A1 rev. H
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bandgap voltage input for the ACs cannot be changed when used for both ACs simultaneously
DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V or VCC - 0.6V
ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4V
The ADC has up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy
TWI, a general address call will match independent of the R/W-bit value
TWI, the minimum I2C SCL low time could be violated in Master Read mode
TWI, the address-mask features is missing
Setting HIRES PR bit makes PWM output unavailable
BOD will be enabled after any reset
Propagation delay analog Comparator increasing to 2 ms at -40°C
Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference
Default setting for SDRAM refresh period too low
Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep mode
JTAG enable does not override Analog Comparator B output
Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V
DAC refresh may be blocked in S/H mode
1. Bandgap voltage input for the ACs cannot be changed when used for both ACs
simultaneously
If the bandgap voltage is selected as input for one Analog Comparator (AC) and then
selected/deselected as input for the another AC, the first comparator will be affected for up
to 1 us and could potentially give a wrong comparison result.
Problem fix/Workaround
If the Bandgap is required for both ACs simultaneously, configure the input selection for both
ACs before enabling any of them.
2. DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V or Vcc-0.6V
Using the DAC with a reference voltage above 2.4V or Vcc-0.6Vgive inaccurate output when
converting codes that give below 0.75V output:
– ±10 LSB for continuous mode
– ±20 LSB for Sample and Hold mode
Problem fix/Workaround
None, avoid using a voltage reference above 2.4V or Vcc-0.6V
3. ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4 V
The amplified output of the ADC gain stage will never go above 2.4 V, hence the differential
input will only give correct output when below 2.4 V/gain. For the available gain settings, this
gives a differential input range of
:
–
1x
gain:
2.4
V
–
2x
gain:
1.2
V
–
4x
gain:
0.6
V
84
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
–
8x
gain:
300
mV
–
16x
gain:
150
mV
–
32x
gain:
75
mV
–
64x
gain:
38
mV
Problem fix/Workaround
Keep the amplified voltage output from the ADC gain stage below 2.4 V in order to get a correct result, or keep ADC voltage reference below 2.4 V.
4. The ADC has up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy
The ADC will have up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy, visible as a saw-tooth pattern on the input voltage/ output value transfer function of the ADC. The inaccuracy increases with increasing
voltage reference reaching ±2 LSB with 3V reference.
Problem fix/Workaround
None, the actual ADC resolution will be reduced with up to ±2 LSB.
5. TWI, a general address call will match independent of the R/W-bit value.
When the TWI is in Slave mode and a general address call is issued on the bus, the TWI
Slave will get an address match regardless of the R/W-bit (ADDR[0] bit) value in the Slave
Address Register.
Problem fix/Workaround
Use software to check the R/W-bit on general call address match.
6. TWI, the minimum I2C SCL low time could be violated in Master Read mode
When the TWI is in Master Read mode and issuing a Repeated Start on the bus, this will
immediately release the SCL line even if one complete SCL low period has not passed. This
means that the minimum SCL low time in the I2C specification could be violated.
Problem fix/Workaround
If this causes a potential problem in the application, software must ensure that the Repeated
Start is never issued before one SCL low time has passed.
7. TWI, the address-mask features is missing
The address-mask functionality is missing, so the TWI cannot perform address match on
more than one address.
Problem fix/Workaround
If the TWI must respond to multiple addresses, enable Promiscuous Mode for the TWI to
respond to all address and implementing the address-mask function in software
8. Setting HIRES PR bit makes PWM output unavailable
Setting the HIRES Power Reduction (PR) bit for PORTx will make any Frequency or PWM
output for the corresponding Timer/Counters (TCx0 and TCx1) unavailable on the pin even if
the Hi-Res is not used.
Problem fix/Workaround
Do not write the HIRES PR bit on PORTx when frequency or PWM output from TCx0/1 is
used.
85
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
9. BOD will be enabled after any reset
If any reset source goes active, the BOD will be enabled and keep the device in reset if the
VCC voltage is below the programmed BOD level. During Power-On Reset, reset will not be
released until VCC is above the programmed BOD level even if the BOD is disabled.
Problem fix/Workaround
Do not set the BOD level higher than VCC even if the BOD is not used.
10. Propagation delay analog Comparator increasing to 2 ms at -40 °C
When the analog comparator is used at temperatures reaching down to -40 °C, the propagation delay will increase to ~2 ms.
Problem fix/Workaround
None
11. Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference
Using the BOD in sampled mode when the device is running in Active or Idle mode will add
noise on the bandgap reference for ADC and DAC.
Problem fix/Workaround
If the bandgap is used as reference for either the ADC or the DAC, the BOD must not be set
in sampled mode.
12. Default setting for SDRAM refresh period too low
If the SDRAM refresh period is set to a value less then 0x20, the SDRAM content may be
corrupted when accessing through On-Chip Debug sessions.
Problem fix/Workaround
The SDRAM refresh period (REFRESHH/L) should not be set to a value less then 0x20.
13. Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep mode
If Flash Power Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Power-save or Extended Standby
sleep mode, the device will only wake up on every fourth wake-up request.
If Flash Power Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Idle sleep mode, the wake-up time
will vary with up to 16 CPU clock cycles.
Problem fix/Workaround
Disable Flash Power Reduction mode before entering sleep mode.
14. JTAG enable does not override Analog Comparator B output
When JTAG is enabled this will not override the Anlog Comparator B (ACB)ouput, AC0OUT
on pin 7 if this is enabled.
Problem fix/Workaround
AC0OUT for ACB should not be enabled when JTAG is used. Use only analog comparator
output for ACA when JTAG is used, or use the PDI as debug interface.
15. Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V
The ADC cannot be used to do bandgap measurements when VCC is below 2.7V.
86
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Problem fix/Workaround
If internal voltages must be measured when VCC is below 2.7V, measure the internal 1.00V
reference instead of the bandgap.
16. DAC refresh may be blocked in S/H mode
If the DAC is running in Sample and Hold (S/H) mode and conversion for one channel is
done at maximum rate (i.e. the DAC is always busy doing conversion for this channel), this
will block refresh signals to the second channel.
Problem fix/Workarund
When using the DAC in S/H mode, ensure that none of the channels is running at maximum
conversion rate, or ensure that the conversion rate of both channels is high enough to not
require refresh.
35.2
ATxmega128A1 rev. G
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bootloader Section in Flash is non-functional
Bandgap voltage input for the ACs cannot be changed when used for both ACs simultaneously
DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V
ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4 V
The ADC has up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy
TWI, a general address call will match independent of the R/W-bit value
TWI, the minimum I2C SCL low time could be violated in Master Read mode
Setting HIRES PR bit makes PWM output unavailable
EEPROM erase and write does not work with all System Clock sources
BOD will be enabled after any reset
Propagation delay analog Comparator increasing to 2 ms at -40°C
Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference
Default setting for SDRAM refresh period too low
Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep mode
Enabling Analog Comparator B output will cause JTAG failure
JTAG enable does not override Analog Comparator B output
Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V
DAC refresh may be blocked in S/H mode
1. Bootloader Section in Flash is non-functional
The Bootloader Section is non-functional, and bootloader or application code cannot reside
in this part of the Flash.
Problem fix/Workaround
None, do not use the Bootloader Section.
2. Bandgap voltage input for the ACs cannot be changed when used for both ACs
simultaneously
If the Bandgap voltage is selected as input for one Analog Comparator (AC) and then
selected/deselected as input for the another AC, the first comparator will be affected for up
to 1 us and could potentially give a wrong comparison result.
Problem fix/Workaround
If the Bandgap is required for both ACs simultaneously, configure the input selection for both
ACs before enabling any of them.
87
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
3. DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V
Using the DAC with a reference voltage above 2.4V give inaccurate output when converting
codes that give below 0.75V output:
– ±20 LSB for continuous mode
– ±200 LSB for Sample and Hold mode
Problem fix/Workaround
None, avoid using a voltage reference above 2.4V.
4. ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4 V
The amplified output of the ADC gain stage will never go above 2.4 V, hence the differential
input will only give correct output when below 2.4 V/gain. For the available gain settings, this
gives a differential input range of:
–
1x
gain:
2.4
V
–
2x
gain:
1.2
V
–
4x
gain:
0.6
V
–
8x
gain:
300
mV
–
16x
gain:
150
mV
–
32x
gain:
75
mV
–
64x
gain:
38
mV
Problem fix/Workaround
Keep the amplified voltage output from the ADC gain stage below 2.4 V in order to get a correct result, or keep ADC voltage reference below 2.4 V.
5. The ADC has up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy
The ADC will have up to ±2 LSB inaccuracy, visible as a saw-tooth pattern on the input voltage/ output value transfer function of the ADC. The inaccuracy increases with increasing
voltage reference reaching ±2 LSB with 3V reference.
Problem fix/Workaround
None, the actual ADC resolution will be reduced with up to ±2 LSB.
6. TWI, a general address call will match independent of the R/W-bit value
When the TWI is in Slave mode and a general address call is issued on the bus, the TWI
Slave will get an address match regardless of the R/W-bit (ADDR[0] bit) value in the Slave
Address Register.
Problem fix/Workaround
Use software to check the R/W-bit on general call address match.
7. TWI, the minimum I2C SCL low time could be violated in Master Read mode
When the TWI is in Master Read mode and issuing a Repeated Start on the bus, this will
immediately release the SCL line even if one complete SCL low period has not passed. This
means that the minimum SCL low time in the I2C specification could be violated.
88
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
Problem fix/Workaround
If this causes a potential problem in the application, software must ensure that the Repeated
Start is never issued before one SCL low time has passed.
8. Setting HIRES PR bit makes PWM output unavailable
Setting the HIRES Power Reduction (PR) bit for PORTx will make any Frequency or PWM
output for the corresponding Timer/Counters (TCx0 and TCx1) unavailable on the pin.
Problem fix/Workaround
Do not write the HIRES PR bit on PORTx when frequency or PWM output from TCx0/1 is
used.
9. EEPROM erase and write does not work with all System Clock sources
When doing EEPROM erase or Write operations with other clock sources than the 2 MHz
RCOSC, Flash will be read wrongly for one or two clock cycles at the end of the EEPROM
operation.
Problem fix/Workaround
Alt 1: Use the internal 2 MHz RCOSC when doing erase or write operations on EEPROM.
Alt 2: Ensure to be in sleep mode while completing erase or write on EEPROM. After starting
erase or write operations on EEPROM, other interrupts should be disabled and the device
put to sleep.
10. BOD will be enabled after any reset
If any reset source goes active, the BOD will be enabled and keep the device in reset if the
VCC voltage is below the programmed BOD level. During Power-On Reset, reset will not be
released until VCC is above the programmed BOD level even if the BOD is disabled.
Problem fix/Workaround
Do not set the BOD level higher than VCC even if the BOD is not used.
11. Propagation delay analog Comparator increasing to 2 ms at -40 °C
When the analog comparator is used at temperatures reaching down to -40 °C, the propagation delay will increase to ~2 ms.
Problem fix/Workaround
None
12. Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference
Using the BOD in sampled mode when the device is running in Active or Idle mode will add
noise on the bandgap reference for ADC and DAC.
Problem fix/Workaround
If the bandgap is used as reference for either the ADC or the DAC, the BOD must not be set
in sampled mode.
13. Default setting for SDRAM refresh period too low
If the SDRAM refresh period is set to a value less then 0x20, the SDRAM content may be
corrupted when accessing through On-Chip Debug sessions.
Problem fix/Workaround
The SDRAM refresh period (REFRESHH/L) should not be set to a value less then 0x20.
89
8067I–AVR–04/09
XMEGA A1
14. Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep mode
If Flash Power Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Power-save or Extended Standby
sleep mode, the device will only wake up on every fourth wake-up request.
If Flash Power Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Idle sleep mode, the wake-up time
will vary with up to 16 CPU clock cycles.
Problem fix/Workaround
Disable Flash Power Reduction mode before entering sleep mode.
15. JTAG enable does not override Analog Comparator B output
When JTAG is enabled this will not override the Anlog Comparator B (ACB)ouput, AC0OUT
on pin 7 if this is enabled.
Problem fix/Workaround
AC0OUT for ACB should not be enabled when JTAG is used. Use only analog comparator
output for ACA when JTAG is used, or use the PDI as debug interface.
16. Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V
The ADC cannot be used to do bandgap measurements when VCC is below 2.7V.
Problem fix/Workaround
If internal voltages must be measured when VCC is below 2.7V, measure the internal 1.00V
reference instead of the bandgap.
17. DAC refresh may be blocked in S/H mode
If the DAC is running in Sample and Hold (S/H) mode and conversion for one channel is
done at maximum rate (i.e. the DAC is always busy doing conversion for this channel), this
will block refresh signals to the second channel.
Problem fix/Workarund
When using the DAC in S/H mode, ensure that none of the channels is running at maximum
conversion rate, or ensure that the conversion rate of both channels is high enough to not
require refresh.
90
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36. Datasheet Revision History
36.1
36.2
36.3
36.4
8067I – 04/09
1.
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2.
2.
Updated “PAD Characteristics” on page 69.
1.
Editorial updates.
2.
Updated “Overview” on page 48.
3.
Updated Table 29-9 on page 54.
4.
Updated “Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 55. IRCOM has address map: 0x08F8.
5.
Updated “Electrical Characteristics” on page 64.
6.
Updated “PAD Characteristics” on page 69.
7.
Updated “Typical Characteristics” on page 71.
1.
Updated “Block Diagram” on page 6.
2.
Updated feature list in “Memories” on page 10.
3.
Updated “PDI - Program and Debug Interface” on page 48.
4.
Updated “Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 55. IRCOM has address 0x8F0.
5.
Added “Electrical Characteristics” on page 64.
6.
Added “Typical Characteristics” on page 71.
7.
Added “ATxmega128A1 rev. H” on page 84.
8.
Updated “ATxmega128A1 rev. G” on page 87.
1.
Updated “Features” on page 1
2.
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2
3.
Updated Figure 7-1 on page 11 and Figure 7-2 on page 11.
4.
Updated Table 7-2 on page 15.
5.
Updated “Features” on page 41 and “Overview” on page 41.
6.
Removed “Interrupt Vector Summary” section from datasheet.
8067H – 04/09
8067G – 11/08
8067F – 09/08
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XMEGA A1
36.5
36.6
36.7
36.8
8067E – 08/08
1.
Changed Figure 2-1’s title to “Block diagram and pinout” on page 3.
2.
Updated Figure 2-2 on page 4.
3.
Updated Table 29-2 on page 51 and Table 29-3 on page 52.
1.
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2.
2.
Updated “Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 55.
3.
Inserted “Interrupt Vector Summary” on page 56.
1.
Updated the Front page and “Features” on page 1.
2.
Updated the “DC Characteristics” on page 64.
3.
Updated Figure 3-1 on page 6.
4.
Added “Flash and EEPROM Page Size” on page 15.
5.
Updated Table 33-4 on page 67 with new data: Gain Error, Offset Error and Signal -to-Noise
Ratio (SNR).
6.
Updated Errata “ATxmega128A1 rev. G” on page 87.
1.
Updated “Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 3 and “Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 49.
2.
Added XMEGA A1 Block Diagram, Figure 3-1 on page 6.
3.
Updated “Overview” on page 5 included the XMEGA A1 explanation text on page 6.
4.
Updated AVR CPU “Features” on page 8.
5.
Updated Event System block diagram, Figure 9-1 on page 18.
6.
Updated “PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller” on page 25.
7.
Updated “AC - Analog Comparator” on page 44.
8.
Updated “Alternate Pin Function Description” on page 49.
9.
Updated “Alternate Pin Functions” on page 51.
10.
Updated “Typical Characteristics” on page 71.
11.
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2.
12.
Updated “Overview” on page 5.
8067D – 07/08
8067C – 06/08
8067B – 05/08
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XMEGA A1
36.9
13.
Updated Figure 6-1 on page 8.
14.
Inserted a new Figure 15-1 on page 32.
15.
Updated Speed grades in “Speed” on page 66.
16.
Added a new ATxmega384A1 device in “Features” on page 1, updated “Ordering Information” on
page 2 and “Memories” on page 10.
17.
Replaced the Figure 3-1 on page 6 by a new XMEGA A1 detailed block diagram.
18.
Inserted Errata “ATxmega128A1 rev. G” on page 87.
1.
Initial revision.
8067A – 02/08
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Table of Contents
Features ..................................................................................................... 1
Typical Applications ................................................................................ 1
1
Ordering Information ............................................................................... 2
2
Pinout/Block Diagram .............................................................................. 3
3
Overview ................................................................................................... 5
3.1
4
Block Diagram ...................................................................................................6
Resources ................................................................................................. 7
4.1
Recommended reading .....................................................................................7
5
Disclaimer ................................................................................................. 7
6
AVR CPU ................................................................................................... 8
7
8
9
6.1
Features ............................................................................................................8
6.2
Overview ............................................................................................................8
6.3
Register File ......................................................................................................9
6.4
ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit ...............................................................................9
6.5
Program Flow ....................................................................................................9
Memories ................................................................................................ 10
7.1
Features ..........................................................................................................10
7.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................10
7.3
In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory .........................................11
7.4
Data Memory ...................................................................................................11
7.5
Production Signature Row ...............................................................................14
7.6
User Signature Row ........................................................................................14
7.7
Flash and EEPROM Page Size .......................................................................15
DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller .......................................... 16
8.1
Features ..........................................................................................................16
8.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................16
Event System .......................................................................................... 17
9.1
Features ..........................................................................................................17
9.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................17
10 System Clock and Clock options ......................................................... 19
10.1
Features ..........................................................................................................19
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XMEGA A1
10.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................19
10.3
Clock Options ..................................................................................................20
11 Power Management and Sleep Modes ................................................. 22
11.1
Features ..........................................................................................................22
11.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................22
11.3
Sleep Modes ....................................................................................................22
12 System Control and Reset .................................................................... 23
12.1
Features ..........................................................................................................23
12.2
Resetting the AVR ...........................................................................................23
12.3
Reset Sources .................................................................................................23
12.4
WDT - Watchdog Timer ...................................................................................24
13 PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller ....................... 25
13.1
Features ..........................................................................................................25
13.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................25
13.3
Interrupt vectors ...............................................................................................25
14 I/O Ports .................................................................................................. 27
14.1
Features ..........................................................................................................27
14.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................27
14.3
I/O configuration ..............................................................................................27
14.4
Input sensing ...................................................................................................30
14.5
Port Interrupt ....................................................................................................30
14.6
Alternate Port Functions ..................................................................................30
15 T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter ..................................................................... 31
15.1
Features ..........................................................................................................31
15.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................31
16 AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension ............................................. 33
16.1
Features ..........................................................................................................33
16.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................33
17 Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension ..................................................... 34
17.1
Features ..........................................................................................................34
17.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................34
18 RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter ............................................................ 35
18.1
Features ..........................................................................................................35
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XMEGA A1
18.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................35
19 TWI - Two-Wire Interface ....................................................................... 36
19.1
Features ..........................................................................................................36
19.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................36
20 SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface ............................................................ 37
20.1
Features ..........................................................................................................37
20.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................37
21 USART ..................................................................................................... 38
21.1
Features ..........................................................................................................38
21.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................38
22 IRCOM - IR Communication Module ..................................................... 39
22.1
Features ..........................................................................................................39
22.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................39
23 Crypto Engine ......................................................................................... 40
23.1
Features ..........................................................................................................40
23.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................40
24 ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter ............................................. 41
24.1
Features ..........................................................................................................41
24.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................41
25 DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter ............................................. 43
25.1
Features ..........................................................................................................43
25.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................43
26 AC - Analog Comparator ....................................................................... 44
26.1
Features ..........................................................................................................44
26.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................44
26.3
Input Selection .................................................................................................46
26.4
Window Function .............................................................................................46
27 OCD - On-chip Debug ............................................................................ 47
27.1
Features ..........................................................................................................47
27.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................47
28 PDI - Program and Debug Interface ...................................................... 48
28.1
Features ..........................................................................................................48
28.2
Overview ..........................................................................................................48
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XMEGA A1
28.3
JTAG interface .................................................................................................48
29 Pinout and Pin Functions ...................................................................... 49
29.1
Alternate Pin Function Description ..................................................................49
29.2
Alternate Pin Functions ...................................................................................51
30 Peripheral Module Address Map .......................................................... 55
31 Instruction Set Summary ....................................................................... 57
32 Packaging information .......................................................................... 61
32.1
100A ................................................................................................................61
32.2
100C1 ..............................................................................................................62
32.3
100C2 ..............................................................................................................63
33 Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................... 64
33.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings* ...........................................................................64
33.2
DC Characteristics ..........................................................................................64
33.3
Speed ..............................................................................................................66
33.4
ADC Characteristics ........................................................................................67
33.5
DAC Characteristics ........................................................................................68
33.6
Analog Comparator Characteristics .................................................................68
33.7
Bandgap Voltage Characteristics ....................................................................68
33.8
Brownout Detection Characteristics ................................................................69
33.9
PAD Characteristics ........................................................................................69
33.10
POR Characteristics ........................................................................................70
33.11
Reset Characteristics ......................................................................................70
33.12
Oscillator Characteristics .................................................................................70
34 Typical Characteristics .......................................................................... 71
34.1
Active Supply Current ......................................................................................71
34.2
Idle Supply Current ..........................................................................................72
34.3
Power-down Supply Current ............................................................................73
34.4
Power-save Supply Current .............................................................................73
34.5
Pin Pull-up .......................................................................................................74
34.6
Pin Thresholds and Hysteresis ........................................................................75
34.7
Bod Thresholds ...............................................................................................78
34.8
Bandgap ..........................................................................................................79
34.9
Analog Comparator .........................................................................................79
34.10
Internal Oscillator Speed .................................................................................81
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35 Errata ....................................................................................................... 84
35.1
ATxmega128A1 rev. H ....................................................................................84
35.2
ATxmega128A1 rev. G ....................................................................................87
36 Datasheet Revision History ................................................................... 91
36.1
8067I – 04/09 ...................................................................................................91
36.2
8067H – 04/09 .................................................................................................91
36.3
8067G – 11/08 .................................................................................................91
36.4
8067F – 09/08 .................................................................................................91
36.5
8067E – 08/08 .................................................................................................92
36.6
8067D – 07/08 .................................................................................................92
36.7
8067C – 06/08 .................................................................................................92
36.8
8067B – 05/08 .................................................................................................92
36.9
8067A – 02/08 .................................................................................................93
Table of Contents....................................................................................... i
v
8067I–AVR–04/09
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8067I–AVR–04/09