LM317L 100 mA Adjustable Output, Positive Voltage Regulator The LM317L is an adjustable 3−terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 100 mA over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making them essentially blow−out proof. The LM317L serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM317L can be used as a precision current regulator. http://onsemi.com LOW CURRENT THREE−TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR Features • • • • • • • • • Pb−Free Packages are Available Output Current in Excess of 100 mA Output Adjustable Between 1.2 V and 37 V Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Output Transistor Safe−Area Compensation Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications Standard 3−Lead Transistor Package Eliminates Stocking Many Fixed Voltages SOIC−8 D SUFFIX CASE 751 8 1 TO−92 Z SUFFIX CASE 29 Pin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Vin Vout Vout Adjust N.C. Vout Vout N.C. Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vout 3. Vin 1 2 3 Simplified Application Vin Vout LM317L ORDERING INFORMATION See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 4 of this data sheet. R1 240 IAdj Adjust Cin* 0.1mF + C ** O 1.0mF R2 * Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable ** distance from power supply filter. ** CO is not needed for stability, however, ** it does improve transient response. ǒ Ǔ R Vout + 1.25 V 1 ) 2 ) IAdj R2 R1 Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 mA, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications. © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2005 October, 2005 − Rev. 8 1 Publication Order Number: LM317L/D LM317L MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Value Unit Input−Output Voltage Differential Rating VI−VO 40 Vdc Power Dissipation Case 29 (TO−92) TA = 25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case PD RqJA RqJC Internally Limited 160 83 W °C/W °C/W Case 751 (SOIC−8) (Note 1) TA = 25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case PD RqJA RqJC Internally Limited 180 45 W °C/W °C/W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ −40 to +125 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg −65 to +150 °C Maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. Maximum ratings applied to the device are individual stress limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. If these limits are exceeded, device functional operation is not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 1. SOIC−8 Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance is for minimum recommended pad size. Refer to Figure 23 for Thermal Resistance variation versus pad size. 2. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests: Human Body Model, 2000 V per MIL STD 883, Method 3015. Machine Model Method, 200 V. http://onsemi.com 2 LM317L ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI−VO = 5.0 V; IO = 40 mA; TJ = Tlow to Thigh (Note 1); Imax and Pmax (Note 2); unless otherwise noted.) LM317L, LB Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation (Note 3) TA = 25°C, 3.0 V ≤ VI − VO ≤ 40 V 1 Regline − 0.01 0.04 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = 25°C 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax − LM317L VO ≤ 5.0 V VO ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload − − 5.0 0.1 25 0.5 mV % VO Adjustment Pin Current 3 IAdj − 50 100 mA Adjustment Pin Current Change 2.5 V ≤ VI − VO ≤ 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax − LM317L 1, 2 DIAdj − 0.2 5.0 mA Reference Voltage 3.0 V ≤ VI − VO ≤ 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax − LM317L 3 Vref 1.20 1.25 1.30 V Line Regulation (Note 3), 3.0 V ≤ VI − VO ≤ 40 V 1 Regline − 0.02 0.07 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3) 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax − LM317L VO ≤ 5.0 V VO ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload − − 20 0.3 70 1.5 mV % VO Temperature Stability (Tlow ≤ TJ ≤ Thigh) 3 TS − 0.7 − % VO Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI − VO = 40 V) 3 ILmin − 3.5 10 mA Maximum Output Current VI − VO ≤ 6.25 V, PD ≤ Pmax, Z Package VI − VO ≤ 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax, TA = 25°C, Z Package 3 Imax 100 − 200 20 − − − 0.00 3 − 60 − 80 80 − − − 0.3 1.0 RMS Noise, % of VO TA = 25°C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz N Ripple Rejection (Note 4) VO = 1.2 V, f = 120 Hz CAdj = 10 mF, VO = 10.0 V 4 Long Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 5) TA = 25°C for Endpoint Measurements 3 3. 4. 5. mA RR S % VO dB %/1.0 k Hrs. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C for LM317L −40° to +125°C for LM317LB Imax = 100 mA Pmax = 625 mW Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 6. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 7. Since Long−Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. http://onsemi.com 3 LM317L ORDERING INFORMATION Device Operating Temperature Range LM317LBD Package Shipping† SOIC−8 98 Units / Rail LM317LBDG SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 98 Units / Rail LM317LBDR2 SOIC−8 2500/Tape & Reel SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 2500/Tape & Reel TO−92 2000 Units / Bag TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Units / Bag LM317LBDR2G LM317LBZ TJ = −40°C to +125°C LM317LBZG LM317LBZRA LM317LBZRAG TO−92 2000 Tape & Reel TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Tape & Reel LM317LBZRP LM317LBZRPG TO−92 2000 Ammo Pack TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Ammo Pack SOIC−8 98 Units / Rail LM317LD LM317LDG SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 98 Units / Rail LM317LDR2 SOIC−8 2500/Tape & Reel SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 2500/Tape & Reel TO−92 2000 Units / Bag TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Units / Bag LM317LDR2G LM317LZ LM317LZG TJ = 0°C to +125°C LM317LZRA TO−92 2000 Tape & Reel TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Tape & Reel LM317LZRE TO−92 2000 Tape & Reel LM317LZRM TO−92 2000 Ammo Pack LM317LZRP TO−92 2000 Ammo Pack TO−92 (Pb−Free) 2000 Ammo Pack LM317LZRAG LM317LZRPG †For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. Representative Schematic Diagram Vin 300 300 300 3.0k 300 70 6.8V 6.8V 350 18k 8.67k 500 130 400 5.1k 200k 6.3V 180 180 2.0k 6.0k 10 p 10 F p F 60 Vout 2.4k 12.8k http://onsemi.com 4 2.5 50 Adjust LM317L VCC VOH − VOL VOL Line Regulation (%/V) = * x 100 VIH VIL Vin LM317L Adjust Cin 0.1mF VOH VOL Vout 240 1% R1 RL + CO IAdj 1mF R2 1 % *Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 1. Line Regulation and DIAdj/Line Test Circuit Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) −VO (max Load) VO (min Load) − VO (max Load) Load Regulation (% VO) = VO (min Load) Vin* Vin LM317L Vout Adjust X 100 IL R1 RL (max Load) 240 1% * + Cin 0.1mF VO (min Load) VO (max Load) CO IAdj RL (min Load) 1.0mF R2 1% *Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 2. Load Regulation and DIAdj/Load Test Circuit Vin Vout LM317L Adjust R1 IAdj VI Cin IL 240 1% Vref CO 0.1mF ISET Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. RL + To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V Assume ISET = 5.25 mA R2 1% Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit http://onsemi.com 5 1mF VO LM317L 14.30V Vin 4.30V f = 120 Hz Vout LM317L Adjust Cin Vout = 1.25 V D1 * 1N4002 240 1% R1 RL + CO 0.1mF R2 VO 1mF + 1.65K 1% 10mF ** *D1 Discharges CAdj if Output is Shorted to Ground. **CAdj provides an AC ground to the adjust pin. 0.4 Vin = 45 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 40 mA 0.2 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) Δ V out, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit 0 −0.2 Vin = 10 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 100 mA −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 80 70 IL = 40 mA f = 120 Hz Vout = 10 V Vin = 14 V to 24 V 60 50 −1.0 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) −50 150 −25 Figure 5. Load Regulation V in −Vout , INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) 2.5 TJ = 25°C IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 150 Figure 6. Ripple Rejection 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 TJ = 150°C 0.10 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 10 20 30 40 Vin−Vout, INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) 2.0 IL = 100 mA 1.5 IL = 5.0 mA 1.0 0.5 50 Figure 7. Current Limit −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 8. Dropout Voltage http://onsemi.com 6 150 LM317L 100 4.5 90 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) IB , QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 5.0 TJ = 55°C TJ = 25°C TJ = 150°C 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 IL = 40 mA Vin = 5.0 V ± 1.0 VPP Vout = 1.25 V 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 10 20 30 40 Vin−Vout, INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) Figure 9. Minimum Operating Current IAdj, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( μA) V ref , REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 10 k 100 k 1.0 M f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 80 1.250 1.240 Vin = 4.2 V Vout = Vref IL = 5.0 mA 1.230 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 150 Vin = 6.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 10 mA IL = 100 mA 70 −50 Figure 11. Temperature Stability 0.4 Vin = 4.25 V to 41.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 5 mA 0.2 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 150 Figure 12. Adjustment Pin Current NOISE VOLTAGE ( μV) Δ Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) 1.0 k Figure 10. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency 1.260 1.220 100 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 Bandwidth 100 Hz to 10 kHz 10 8.0 6.0 −0.8 4.0 −1.0 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 150 −50 Figure 13. Line Regulation −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 14. Output Noise http://onsemi.com 7 150 Δ Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) 1.5 1.0 CL = 1.0 mF; CAdj = 10 mF 0.5 0 ΔV in , INPUT VOTLAGE CHANGE (V) −0.5 Vout = 10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C −1.0 −1.5 1.0 Vin 0.5 0 0.3 0.2 CL = 1 mF; CAdj = 10 mF 0.1 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C 0 −0.1 CL = 0.3 mF; CAdj = 10 mF −0.2 CL = 0; Without CAdj I L , LOAD CURRENT (mA) ΔVout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) LM317L −0.3 100 IL 50 0 t, TIME (ms) 20 t, TIME (ms) Figure 15. Line Transient Response Figure 16. Load Transient Response 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 30 40 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation Load Regulation The LM317L is a 3−terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM317L develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 13), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: The LM317L is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. Vout = Vref (1 + R2 ) + IAdj R2 R1 Since the current from the adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM317L was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 mA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM317L is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Vin LM317L External Capacitors A 0.1 mF disc or 1.0 mF tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 mF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. Although the LM317L is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 mF tantalum or 25 mF aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Vout + R1 Vref Adjust IPROG Vout IAdj R2 Vref = 1.25 V Typical Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration http://onsemi.com 8 LM317L Protection Diodes D1 When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 14 shows the LM317L with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 10 mF, CAdj > 5.0 mF). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. 1N4002 Vin Vout LM317L + Cin R1 CO D2 Adjust 1N4002 R2 CAdj Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes +25V LM317L Vout 1.25k Vin Adjust D1 1N4002 D1 1N914 R2 500 * To provide current limiting of IO to the system ground, the source of the current limiting diode must be tied to a negative voltage below − 7.25 V. Vin D2 1N914 + 1.0mF 120 Adjust MPS2222 TTL Control 720 1.0k VSS* Vref IOmax + IDSS Minimum Vout = 1.25 V VO < POV + 1.25 V + VSS ILmin − IP < IO < 100 mA − IP As shown O < IO < 95 mA D1 protects the device during an input short circuit. Figure 19. Adjustable Current Limiter Figure 20. 5.0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator Vin Vin Vout LM317L 1N5314 Vref R2 ≥ IDSS R1 = IO VO R1 LM317L 240 R2 Iout R2 Vout IAdj 1N4002 50k MPS2907 LM317L Adjust Vout Adjust R1 + 10mF Ioutmax = Vref R1 Ioutmax = Vref R1 + R2 + IAdj ^ 1.25 V R1 + IAdj ^ 1.25 V R1 + R2 5.0 mA < Iout < 100 mA Figure 21. Slow Turn−On Regulator Figure 22. Current Regulator http://onsemi.com 9 JUNCTION−TO−AIR ( °C/W) R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE 170 3.2 150 2.8 PD(max) for TA = 50°C 2.4 130 110 ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ 2.0 Graph represents symmetrical layout 90 L 1.6 2.0 oz. Copper 1.2 70 L 3.0 mm 0.8 50 RθJA 30 0 10 0.4 20 30 40 50 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm) Figure 23. SOP−8 Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length http://onsemi.com 10 PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) LM317L LM317L PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TO−92 Z SUFFIX CASE 29−11 ISSUE AL A NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R IS UNCONTROLLED. 4. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM. B R P L SEATING PLANE K DIM A B C D G H J K L N P R V D X X G J H V C SECTION X−X 1 N N http://onsemi.com 11 INCHES MIN MAX 0.175 0.205 0.170 0.210 0.125 0.165 0.016 0.021 0.045 0.055 0.095 0.105 0.015 0.020 0.500 −−− 0.250 −−− 0.080 0.105 −−− 0.100 0.115 −−− 0.135 −−− MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.45 5.20 4.32 5.33 3.18 4.19 0.407 0.533 1.15 1.39 2.42 2.66 0.39 0.50 12.70 −−− 6.35 −−− 2.04 2.66 −−− 2.54 2.93 −−− 3.43 −−− LM317L PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOIC−8 D SUFFIX CASE 751−07 ISSUE AG NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. 6. 751−01 THRU 751−06 ARE OBSOLETE. NEW STANDARD IS 751−07. −X− A 8 5 S B 1 0.25 (0.010) Y M M 4 K −Y− G C N DIM A B C D G H J K M N S X 45 _ SEATING PLANE −Z− 0.10 (0.004) H D 0.25 (0.010) M Z Y S X M J S MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.33 0.51 1.27 BSC 0.10 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.40 1.27 0_ 8_ 0.25 0.50 5.80 6.20 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 0.150 0.157 0.053 0.069 0.013 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.016 0.050 0 _ 8 _ 0.010 0.020 0.228 0.244 SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* 1.52 0.060 7.0 0.275 4.0 0.155 0.6 0.024 1.270 0.050 SCALE 6:1 mm Ǔ ǒinches *For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 61312, Phoenix, Arizona 85082−1312 USA Phone: 480−829−7710 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 480−829−7709 or 800−344−3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: [email protected] N. American Technical Support: 800−282−9855 Toll Free USA/Canada ON Semiconductor Website: http://onsemi.com Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/litorder Japan: ON Semiconductor, Japan Customer Focus Center 2−9−1 Kamimeguro, Meguro−ku, Tokyo, Japan 153−0051 Phone: 81−3−5773−3850 http://onsemi.com 12 For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative. LM317L/D