ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 8-BIT MCU WITH SINGLE VOLTAGE FLASH MEMORY, DATA EEPROM, ADC, TIMERS, SPI ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Memories – 1K or 1.5K bytes single voltage Flash Program memory with read-out protection, In-Circuit and In-Application Programming (ICP and IAP). 10K write/erase cycles guaranteed, data retention: 20 years at 55°C. – 128 bytes RAM. – 128 bytes data EEPROM with read-out protection. 300K write/erase cycles guaranteed, data retention: 20 years at 55°C. Clock, Reset and Supply Management – 3-level low voltage supervisor (LVD) and auxiliary voltage detector (AVD) for safe poweron/off procedures – Clock sources: internal 1MHz RC 1% oscillator or external clock – PLL x4 or x8 for 4 or 8 MHz internal clock – Four Power Saving Modes: Halt, Active-Halt, Wait and Slow Interrupt Management – 10 interrupt vectors plus TRAP and RESET – 4 external interrupt lines (on 4 vectors) I/O Ports – 13 multifunctional bidirectional I/O lines – 9 alternate function lines – 6 high sink outputs 2 Timers – One 8-bit Lite Timer (LT) with prescaler including: watchdog, 1 realtime base and 1 input capture. DIP16 SO16 150” – One 12-bit Auto-reload Timer (AT) with output compare function and PWM ■ 1 Communication Interface – SPI synchronous serial interface ■ A/D Converter – 8-bit resolution for 0 to V DD – Fixed gain Op-amp for 11-bit resolution in 0 to 250 mV range (@ 5V VDD) – 5 input channels ■ Instruction Set – 8-bit data manipulation – 63 basic instructions – 17 main addressing modes – 8 x 8 unsigned multiply instruction ■ Development Tools – Full hardware/software development package Device Summary Features Program memory - bytes RAM (stack) - bytes Data EEPROM - bytes Peripherals Operating Supply CPU Frequency Operating Temperature Packages ST7SUPERLITE ST7LITES2 ST7LITES5 ST7LITE02 1K 1K 1.5K 128 (64) 128 (64) 128 (64) LT Timer w/ Wdg, LT Timer w/ Wdg, LT Timer w/ Wdg, AT Timer w/ 1 PWM, AT Timer w/ 1 PWM, AT Timer w/ 1 PWM, SPI SPI, 8-bit ADC SPI 2.4V to 5.5V 1MHz RC 1% + PLLx4/8MHz -40°C to +85°C SO16 150”, DIP16 ST7LITE0 ST7LITE05 ST7LITE09 1.5K 1.5K 128 (64) 128 (64) 128 LT Timer w/ Wdg, AT Timer w/ 1 PWM, SPI, 8-bit ADC w/ Op-Amp Rev. 2.4 August 2003 1/122 1 Table of Contents ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 PIN DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.2 MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.3 PROGRAMMING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.4 ICC INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.5 MEMORY PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.6 RELATED DOCUMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.7 REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5 DATA EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2 MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.3 MEMORY ACCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.4 POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.5 ACCESS ERROR HANDLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.6 DATA EEPROM READ-OUT PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.7 REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.2 MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.3 CPU REGISTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.1 INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.2 PHASE LOCKED LOOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.3 REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.4 RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7.5 SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (SI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 8.1 NON MASKABLE SOFTWARE INTERRUPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 8.2 EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 8.3 PERIPHERAL INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 9 POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 9.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 9.2 9.3 SLOW MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 122 WAIT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 9.4 ACTIVE-HALT AND HALT MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2/122 2 Table of Contents 10 I/O PORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 10.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 10.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 10.3 UNUSED I/O PINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 10.4 LOW POWER MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 10.5 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 10.6 I/O PORT IMPLEMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 11 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 11.1 LITE TIMER (LT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 11.2 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (AT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 11.3 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 11.4 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 12 INSTRUCTION SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 12.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 12.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 13 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 13.1 PARAMETER CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 13.2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 13.3 OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 13.4 SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 13.5 CLOCK AND TIMING CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 13.6 MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 13.7 EMC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 13.8 I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 13.9 CONTROL PIN CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 13.10 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 13.11 8-BIT ADC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 14 PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 14.1 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 14.2 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 14.3 SOLDERING AND GLUEABILITY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 15 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AND ORDERING INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 15.1 OPTION BYTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 15.2 DEVICE ORDERING INFORMATION AND TRANSFER OF CUSTOMER CODE . . . . 111 15.3 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 15.4 ST7 APPLICATION NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 16 IMPORTANT NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 16.1 EXECUTION OF BTJX INSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 16.2 IN-CIRCUIT PROGRAMMING OF DEVICES PREVIOUSLY PROGRAMMED WITH HARDWARE WATCHDOG OPTION 116 16.3 IN-CIRCUIT DEBUGGING WITH HARDWARE WATCHDOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 17 SUMMARY OF CHANGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 3/122 3 Table of Contents ERRATA SHEET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 18 SILICON IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 REFERENCE SPECIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 SILICON limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 NEGATIVE INJECTION IMPACT ON ADC ACCURACY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 118 118 118 20.2 ADC CONVERSION SPURIOUS RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 20.3 FUNCTIONAL ESD SENSITIVITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 21 Device Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 22 ERRATA SHEET REVISION History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 To obtain the most recent version of this datasheet, please check at www.st.com>products>technical literature>datasheet Please note that an errata sheet can be found at the end of this document on page 118 and pay special attention to the Section “IMPORTANT NOTES” on page 116. 4/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 1 INTRODUCTION The ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE are members of the ST7 microcontroller family. All ST7 devices are based on a common industry-standard 8-bit core, featuring an enhanced instruction set. The ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE feature FLASH memory with byte-by-byte In-Circuit Programming (ICP) and In-Application Programming (IAP) capability. Under software control, the ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE devices can be placed in WAIT, SLOW, or HALT mode, reducing power consumption when the application is in idle or standby state. The enhanced instruction set and addressing modes of the ST7 offer both power and flexibility to software developers, enabling the design of highly efficient and compact application code. In addition to standard 8-bit data management, all ST7 microcontrollers feature true bit manipulation, 8x8 unsigned multiplication and indirect addressing modes. For easy reference, all parametric data are located in section 13 on page 78. Figure 1. General Block Diagram 1 MHz. RC OSC + PLL x 4 or x 8 Internal CLOCK LITE TIMER VDD VSS POWER SUPPLY PORT A CONTROL 8-BIT CORE ALU FLASH MEMORY (1 or 1.5K Bytes) ADDRESS AND DATA BUS RESET LVD/AVD w/ WATCHDOG PA7:0 (8 bits) 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER SPI PORT B PB4:0 (5 bits) 8-BIT ADC RAM (128 Bytes) DATA EEPROM (128 Bytes) 5/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 2 PIN DESCRIPTION Figure 2. 16-Pin Package Pinout (150mil) VSS 1 ei0 16 VDD RESET 2 15 3 14 PA1 (HS) PA2 (HS)/ATPWM0 4 ei3 13 PA3 (HS) SS/AIN0/PB0 SCK/AIN1/PB1 PA0 (HS)/LTIC 5 12 PA4 (HS) MISO/AIN2/PB2 6 11 PA5 (HS)/ICCDATA MOSI/AIN3/PB3 7 ei2 10 PA6/MCO/ICCCLK CLKIN/AIN4/PB4 8 ei1 9 PA7 (HS) 20mA high sink capability eix associated external interrupt vector 6/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont’d) Legend / Abbreviations for Table 1: Type: I = input, O = output, S = supply In/Output level: C= CMOS 0.15V DD/0.85VDD with input trigger CT= CMOS 0.3VDD/0.7VDD with input trigger Output level: HS = 20mA high sink (on N-buffer only) Port and control configuration: – Input: float = floating, wpu = weak pull-up, int = interrupt 1), ana = analog – Output: OD = open drain 2), PP = push-pull Table 1. Device Pin Description Port / Control PP OD Output ana int wpu Input float Output Pin Name Input Pin n° Type Level Main Function (after reset) Alternate Function 1 VSS S Ground 2 VDD S Main power supply 3 RESET I/O CT 4 PB0/AIN0/SS I/O CT X 5 PB1/AIN1/SCK I/O CT X 6 PB2/AIN2/MISO I/O CT X 7 PB3/AIN3/MOSI I/O CT X 8 PB4/AIN4/CLKIN I/O CT X 9 PA7 I/O CT X X X Top priority non maskable interrupt (active low) X X Port B0 ADC Analog Input 0 or SPI Slave Select (active low) X X X Port B1 ADC Analog Input 1 or SPI Clock X X X Port B2 X X Port B3 X X Port B4 X X Port A7 ei3 ei2 X ei1 X X X X Port A6 I/O CT HS X X X X Port A5 12 PA4 I/O CT HS X X X X Port A4 13 PA3 I/O CT HS X X X X Port A3 14 PA2/ATPWM0 I/O CT HS X X X X Port A2 15 PA1 I/O CT HS X X X X Port A1 16 PA0/LTIC I/O CT HS X X X Port A0 10 PA6 /MCO/ICCCLK 11 PA5/ ICCDATA I/O CT ei0 ADC Analog Input 2 or SPI Master In/ Slave Out Data ADC Analog Input 3 or SPI Master Out / Slave In Data ADC Analog Input 4 or External clock input Main Clock Output/In Circuit Communication Clock. Caution: During reset, this pin must be held at high level to avoid entering ICC mode unexpectedly (this is guaranteed by the internal pull-up if the application leaves the pin floating). In Circuit Communication Data Auto-Reload Timer PWM0 Lite Timer Input Capture Note: In the interrupt input column, “eix” defines the associated external interrupt vector. If the weak pull-up column (wpu) is merged with the interrupt column (int), then the I/O configuration is pull-up interrupt input, else the configuration is floating interrupt input. 7/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the MCU is capable of addressing 64K bytes of memories and I/ O registers. The available memory locations consist of up to 128 bytes of register locations, 128 bytes of RAM, 128 bytes of data EEPROM and up to 1.5 Kbytes of user program memory. The RAM space includes up to 64 bytes for the stack from 0C0h to 0FFh. The highest address bytes contain the user reset and interrupt vectors. The size of Flash Sector 0 is configurable by Option byte. IMPORTANT: Memory locations marked as “Reserved” must never be accessed. Accessing a reseved area can have unpredictable effects on the device. Figure 3. Memory Map (ST7LITE0) 0000h 007Fh 0080h HW Registers (see Table 2) RAM (128 Bytes) 00FFh 0100h Reserved 0080h Short Addressing RAM (zero page) 00BFh 00C0h 64 Bytes Stack 00FFh 0FFFh 1000h 107Fh 1080h Data EEPROM (128 Bytes) F9FFh FA00h FBFFh FC00h FFFFh 8/122 1 1001h RCCR1 1.5K FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY FA00h Flash Memory (1.5K) FFFFh RCCR0 see section 7.1 on page 23 Reserved FFDFh FFE0h 1000h Interrupt & Reset Vectors (see Table 7) 0.5 Kbytes SECTOR 1 1 Kbytes SECTOR 0 FFDEh RCCR0 FFDFh RCCR1 see section 7.1 on page 23 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE REGISTER AND MEMORY MAP (Cont’d) Figure 4. Memory Map (ST7SUPERLITE) 0000h 007Fh 0080h HW Registers (see Table 2) RAM (128 Bytes) 00FFh 0100h 0080h Short Addressing RAM (zero page) 00BFh 00C0h 64 Bytes Stack 00FFh Reserved 1K FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY FBFFh FC00h FC00h Flash Memory (1K) FDFFh FE00h FFFFh FFDFh FFE0h FFFFh Interrupt & Reset Vectors (see Table 7) 0.5 Kbytes SECTOR 1 0.5 Kbytes SECTOR 0 FFDEh RCCR0 FFDFh RCCR1 see section 7.1 on page 23 9/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE REGISTER AND MEMORY MAP (Cont’d) Legend: x=undefined, R/W=read/write Table 2. Hardware Register Map Address 0000h 0001h 0002h 0003h 0004h 0005h Block Register Label 000Dh 000Eh 000Fh 0010h 0011h 0012h 0013h Port A 00h1) 00h 40h R/W R/W R/W Port B PBDR PBDDR PBOR Port B Data Register Port B Data Direction Register Port B Option Register E0h 1) 00h 00h R/W R/W R/W2) Reserved area (5 bytes) LITE TIMER LTCSR LTICR ATCSR CNTRH CNTRL AUTO-RELOAD ATRH TIMER ATRL PWMCR PWM0CSR Lite Timer Control/Status Register Lite Timer Input Capture Register xxh xxh R/W Read Only Timer Control/Status Register Counter Register High Counter Register Low Auto-Reload Register High Auto-Reload Register Low PWM Output Control Register PWM 0 Control/Status Register 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h R/W Read Only Read Only R/W R/W R/W R/W 00h 00h R/W R/W Reserved area (3 bytes) AUTO-RELOAD DCR0H TIMER DCR0L 0019h to 002Eh PWM 0 Duty Cycle Register High PWM 0 Duty Cycle Register Low Reserved area (22 bytes) 0002Fh FLASH FCSR Flash Control/Status Register 00h R/W 00030h EEPROM EECSR Data EEPROM Control/Status Register 00h R/W 0031h 0032h 0033h SPI SPIDR SPICR SPICSR SPI Data I/O Register SPI Control Register SPI Control/Status Register xxh 0xh 00h R/W R/W R/W 0034h 0035h 0036h ADC ADCCSR ADCDAT ADCAMP A/D Control Status Register A/D Data Register A/D Amplifier Control Register 00h 00h 00h R/W Read Only R/W 0037h ITC EICR External Interrupt Control Register 00h R/W MCCSR RCCR Main Clock Control/Status Register RC oscillator Control Register 00h FFh R/W R/W 0038h 0039h 10/122 1 Remarks Port A Data Register Port A Data Direction Register Port A Option Register 0014h to 0016h 0017h 0018h Reset Status PADR PADDR PAOR 0006h to 000Ah 000Bh 000Ch Register Name CLOCKS ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Address Block 003Ah SI 003Bh to 007Fh Register Label SICSR Register Name System Integrity Control/Status Register Reset Status 0xh Remarks R/W Reserved area (45 bytes) Notes: 1. The contents of the I/O port DR registers are readable only in output configuration. In input configuration, the values of the I/O pins are returned instead of the DR register contents. 2. The bits associated with unavailable pins must always keep their reset value. 11/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY 4.1 Introduction The ST7 single voltage extended Flash (XFlash) is a non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and programmed either on a byte-by-byte basis or up to 32 bytes in parallel. The XFlash devices can be programmed off-board (plugged in a programming tool) or on-board using In-Circuit Programming or In-Application Programming. The array matrix organisation allows each sector to be erased and reprogrammed without affecting other sectors. 4.2 Main Features ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ICP (In-Circuit Programming) IAP (In-Application Programming) ICT (In-Circuit Testing) for downloading and executing user application test patterns in RAM Sector 0 size configurable by option byte Read-out and write protection against piracy 4.3 PROGRAMMING MODES The ST7 can be programmed in three different ways: – Insertion in a programming tool. In this mode, FLASH sectors 0 and 1, option byte row and data EEPROM can be programmed or erased. – In-Circuit Programming. In this mode, FLASH sectors 0 and 1, option byte row and data EEPROM can be programmed or erased without removing the device from the application board. – In-Application Programming. In this mode, sector 1 and data EEPROM can be programmed or erased without removing the device from the application board and while the application is running. 12/122 1 4.3.1 In-Circuit Programming (ICP) ICP uses a protocol called ICC (In-Circuit Communication) which allows an ST7 plugged on a printed circuit board (PCB) to communicate with an external programming device connected via cable. ICP is performed in three steps: Switch the ST7 to ICC mode (In-Circuit Communications). This is done by driving a specific signal sequence on the ICCCLK/DATA pins while the RESET pin is pulled low. When the ST7 enters ICC mode, it fetches a specific RESET vector which points to the ST7 System Memory containing the ICC protocol routine. This routine enables the ST7 to receive bytes from the ICC interface. – Download ICP Driver code in RAM from the ICCDATA pin – Execute ICP Driver code in RAM to program the FLASH memory Depending on the ICP Driver code downloaded in RAM, FLASH memory programming can be fully customized (number of bytes to program, program locations, or selection of the serial communication interface for downloading). 4.3.2 In Application Programming (IAP) This mode uses an IAP Driver program previously programmed in Sector 0 by the user (in ICP mode). This mode is fully controlled by user software. This allows it to be adapted to the user application, (user-defined strategy for entering programming mode, choice of communications protocol used to fetch the data to be stored etc.) IAP mode can be used to program any memory areas except Sector 0, which is write/erase protected to allow recovery in case errors occur during the programming operation. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY (Cont’d) 4.4 ICC interface cation reset circuit if it drives more than 5mA at high level (push pull output or pull-up resistor<1K). A schottky diode can be used to isolate the application RESET circuit in this case. When using a classical RC network with R>1K or a reset management IC with open drain output and pull-up resistor>1K, no additional components are needed. In all cases the user must ensure that no external reset is generated by the application during the ICC session. 3. The use of Pin 7 of the ICC connector depends on the Programming Tool architecture. This pin must be connected when using most ST Programming Tools (it is used to monitor the application power supply). Please refer to the Programming Tool manual. 4. Pin 9 has to be connected to the CLKIN pin of the ST7 when the clock is not available in the application or if the selected clock option is not programmed in the option byte. 5. During reset, this pin must be held at high level to avoid entering ICC mode unexpectedly (this is guaranteed by the internal pull-up if the application leaves the pin floating). ICP needs a minimum of 4 and up to 6 pins to be connected to the programming tool. These pins are: – RESET: device reset – VSS: device power supply ground – ICCCLK: ICC output serial clock pin – ICCDATA: ICC input serial data pin – CLKIN: main clock input for external source – VDD: application board power supply (optional, see Note 3) Notes: 1. If the ICCCLK or ICCDATA pins are only used as outputs in the application, no signal isolation is necessary. As soon as the Programming Tool is plugged to the board, even if an ICC session is not in progress, the ICCCLK and ICCDATA pins are not available for the application. If they are used as inputs by the application, isolation such as a serial resistor has to be implemented in case another device forces the signal. Refer to the Programming Tool documentation for recommended resistor values. 2. During the ICP session, the programming tool must control the RESET pin. This can lead to conflicts between the programming tool and the appliFigure 5. Typical ICC Interface PROGRAMMING TOOL ICC CONNECTOR ICC Cable ICC CONNECTOR HE10 CONNECTOR TYPE OPTIONAL (See Note 3) OPTIONAL (See Note 4) 9 7 5 3 1 10 8 6 4 2 APPLICATION BOARD APPLICATION RESET SOURCE See Note 2 APPLICATION POWER SUPPLY ICCDATA ICCCLK ST7 RESET CLKIN VDD See Notes 1 and 5 APPLICATION I/O See Note 1 13/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY (Cont’d) 4.5 Memory Protection 4.6 Related Documentation There are two different types of memory protection: Read Out Protection and Write/Erase Protection which can be applied individually. 4.5.1 Read out Protection Read out protection, when selected, makes it impossible to extract the memory content from the microcontroller, thus preventing piracy. Both program and data E2 memory are protected. In flash devices, this protection is removed by reprogramming the option. In this case, both program and data E2 memory are automatically erased, and the device can be reprogrammed. Read-out protection selection depends on the device type: – In Flash devices it is enabled and removed through the FMP_R bit in the option byte. – In ROM devices it is enabled by mask option specified in the Option List. 4.5.2 Flash Write/Erase Protection Write/erase protection, when set, makes it impossible to both overwrite and erase program memory. It does not apply to E2 data. Its purpose is to provide advanced security to applications and prevent any change being made to the memory content. Warning: Once set, Write/erase protection can never be removed. A write-protected flash device is no longer reprogrammable. Write/erase protection is enabled through the FMP_W bit in the option byte. For details on Flash programming and ICC protocol, refer to the ST7 Flash Programming Reference Manual and to the ST7 ICC Protocol Reference Manual. 4.7 Register Description FLASH CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (FCSR) Read /Write Reset Value: 000 0000 (00h) 1st RASS Key: 0101 0110 (56h) 2nd RASS Key: 1010 1110 (AEh) 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 OPT LAT PGM Note: This register is reserved for programming using ICP, IAP or other programming methods. It controls the XFlash programming and erasing operations. When an EPB or another programming tool is used (in socket or ICP mode), the RASS keys are sent automatically. Table 3. FLASH Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 002Fh 14/122 1 Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 OPT 0 LAT 0 PGM 0 FCSR Reset Value ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 5 DATA EEPROM 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 MAIN FEATURES The Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory can be used as a non volatile backup for storing data. Using the EEPROM requires a basic access protocol described in this chapter. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Up to 32 Bytes programmed in the same cycle EEPROM mono-voltage (charge pump) Chained erase and programming cycles Internal control of the global programming cycle duration WAIT mode management Readout protection against piracy Figure 6. EEPROM Block Diagram HIGH VOLTAGE PUMP EECSR 0 0 0 ADDRESS DECODER 0 0 4 0 E2LAT E2PGM EEPROM ROW MEMORY MATRIX DECODER (1 ROW = 32 x 8 BITS) 128 4 128 DATA 32 x 8 BITS MULTIPLEXER DATA LATCHES 4 ADDRESS BUS DATA BUS 15/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 5.3 MEMORY ACCESS The Data EEPROM memory read/write access modes are controlled by the E2LAT bit of the EEPROM Control/Status register (EECSR). The flowchart in Figure 7 describes these different memory access modes. Read Operation (E2LAT=0) The EEPROM can be read as a normal ROM location when the E2LAT bit of the EECSR register is cleared. In a read cycle, the byte to be accessed is put on the data bus in less than 1 CPU clock cycle. This means that reading data from EEPROM takes the same time as reading data from EPROM, but this memory cannot be used to execute machine code. Write Operation (E2LAT=1) To access the write mode, the E2LAT bit has to be set by software (the E2PGM bit remains cleared). When a write access to the EEPROM area occurs, the value is latched inside the 32 data latches according to its address. When PGM bit is set by the software, all the previous bytes written in the data latches (up to 32) are programmed in the EEPROM cells. The effective high address (row) is determined by the last EEPROM write sequence. To avoid wrong programming, the user must take care that all the bytes written between two programming sequences have the same high address: only the five Least Significant Bits of the address can change. At the end of the programming cycle, the PGM and LAT bits are cleared simultaneously. Note: Care should be taken during the programming cycle. Writing to the same memory location will over-program the memory (logical AND between the two write access data result) because the data latches are only cleared at the end of the programming cycle and by the falling edge of the E2LAT bit. It is not possible to read the latched data. This note is ilustrated by the Figure 9. Figure 7. Data EEPROM Programming Flowchart READ MODE E2LAT=0 E2PGM=0 READ BYTES IN EEPROM AREA WRITE MODE E2LAT=1 E2PGM=0 WRITE UP TO 32 BYTES IN EEPROM AREA (with the same 11 MSB of the address) START PROGRAMMING CYCLE E2LAT=1 E2PGM=1 (set by software) 0 CLEARED BY HARDWARE 16/122 1 E2LAT 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) Figure 8. Data E2PROM Write Operation ⇓ Row / Byte ⇒ ROW DEFINITION 0 1 2 3 ... 30 31 Physical Address 0 00h...1Fh 1 20h...3Fh ... Nx20h...Nx20h+1Fh N Read operation impossible Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 32 Read operation possible Programming cycle PHASE 1 PHASE 2 Writing data latches Waiting E2PGM and E2LAT to fall E2LAT bit Set by USER application Cleared by hardware E2PGM bit Note: If a programming cycle is interrupted (by software or a reset action), the integrity of the data in memory is not guaranteed. 17/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 5.4 POWER SAVING MODES 5.5 ACCESS ERROR HANDLING Wait mode The DATA EEPROM can enter WAIT mode on execution of the WFI instruction of the microcontroller or when the microcontroller enters Active-HALT mode.The DATA EEPROM will immediately enter this mode if there is no programming in progress, otherwise the DATA EEPROM will finish the cycle and then enter WAIT mode. If a read access occurs while E2LAT=1, then the data bus will not be driven. If a write access occurs while E2LAT=0, then the data on the bus will not be latched. If a programming cycle is interrupted (by software/ RESET action), the memory data will not be guaranteed. 5.6 Data EEPROM Read-out Protection Active-Halt mode Refer to Wait mode. Halt mode The DATA EEPROM immediately enters HALT mode if the microcontroller executes the HALT instruction. Therefore the EEPROM will stop the function in progress, and data may be corrupted. The read-out protection is enabled through an option bit (see section 15.1 on page 109). When this option is selected, the programs and data stored in the EEPROM memory are protected against read-out piracy (including a re-write protection). In Flash devices, when this protection is removed by reprogramming the Option Byte, the entire Program memeory and EEPROM is first automatically erased. Note: Both Program Memory and data EEPROM are protected using the same option bit. Figure 9. Data EEPROM Programming Cycle READ OPERATION NOT POSSIBLE READ OPERATION POSSIBLE INTERNAL PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE ERASE CYCLE WRITE OF DATA LATCHES WRITE CYCLE tPROG LAT PGM 18/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 5.7 REGISTER DESCRIPTION EEPROM CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (EECSR) Read /Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E2LAT E2PGM Bits 7:2 = Reserved, forced by hardware to 0. Bit 1 = E2LAT Latch Access Transfer This bit is set by software. It is cleared by hardware at the end of the programming cycle. It can only be cleared by software if the E2PGM bit is cleared. 0: Read mode 1: Write mode Bit 0 = E2PGM Programming control and status This bit is set by software to begin the programming cycle. At the end of the programming cycle, this bit is cleared by hardware. 0: Programming finished or not yet started 1: Programming cycle is in progress Note: if the E2PGM bit is cleared during the programming cycle, the memory data is not guaranteed Table 4. DATA EEPROM Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 0030h Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E2LAT 0 E2PGM 0 EECSR Reset Value 19/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 6 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 6.1 INTRODUCTION This CPU has a full 8-bit architecture and contains six internal registers allowing efficient 8-bit data manipulation. 6.2 MAIN FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 63 basic instructions Fast 8-bit by 8-bit multiply 17 main addressing modes Two 8-bit index registers 16-bit stack pointer Low power modes Maskable hardware interrupts Non-maskable software interrupt 6.3 CPU REGISTERS The 6 CPU registers shown in Figure 10 are not present in the memory mapping and are accessed by specific instructions. Accumulator (A) The Accumulator is an 8-bit general purpose register used to hold operands and the results of the arithmetic and logic calculations and to manipulate data. Index Registers (X and Y) In indexed addressing modes, these 8-bit registers are used to create either effective addresses or temporary storage areas for data manipulation. (The Cross-Assembler generates a precede instruction (PRE) to indicate that the following instruction refers to the Y register.) The Y register is not affected by the interrupt automatic procedures (not pushed to and popped from the stack). Program Counter (PC) The program counter is a 16-bit register containing the address of the next instruction to be executed by the CPU. It is made of two 8-bit registers PCL (Program Counter Low which is the LSB) and PCH (Program Counter High which is the MSB). Figure 10. CPU Registers 7 0 ACCUMULATOR RESET VALUE = XXh 7 0 X INDEX REGISTER RESET VALUE = XXh 7 0 Y INDEX REGISTER RESET VALUE = XXh 15 PCH 8 7 PCL 0 PROGRAM COUNTER RESET VALUE = RESET VECTOR @ FFFEh-FFFFh 7 1 1 1 H I 0 N Z C CONDITION CODE REGISTER RESET VALUE = 1 1 1 X 1 X X X 15 8 7 0 STACK POINTER RESET VALUE = STACK HIGHER ADDRESS X = Undefined Value 20/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE CPU REGISTERS (Cont’d) CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CC) Read/Write Reset Value: 111x1xxx 7 1 0 1 1 H I N Z because the I bit is set by hardware at the start of the routine and reset by the IRET instruction at the end of the routine. If the I bit is cleared by software in the interrupt routine, pending interrupts are serviced regardless of the priority level of the current interrupt routine. C The 8-bit Condition Code register contains the interrupt mask and four flags representative of the result of the instruction just executed. This register can also be handled by the PUSH and POP instructions. These bits can be individually tested and/or controlled by specific instructions. Bit 4 = H Half carry. This bit is set by hardware when a carry occurs between bits 3 and 4 of the ALU during an ADD or ADC instruction. It is reset by hardware during the same instructions. 0: No half carry has occurred. 1: A half carry has occurred. This bit is tested using the JRH or JRNH instruction. The H bit is useful in BCD arithmetic subroutines. Bit 2 = N Negative. This bit is set and cleared by hardware. It is representative of the result sign of the last arithmetic, logical or data manipulation. It is a copy of the 7th bit of the result. 0: The result of the last operation is positive or null. 1: The result of the last operation is negative (i.e. the most significant bit is a logic 1). This bit is accessed by the JRMI and JRPL instructions. Bit 1 = Z Zero. This bit is set and cleared by hardware. This bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical or data manipulation is zero. 0: The result of the last operation is different from zero. 1: The result of the last operation is zero. This bit is accessed by the JREQ and JRNE test instructions. Bit 3 = I Interrupt mask. This bit is set by hardware when entering in interrupt or by software to disable all interrupts except the TRAP software interrupt. This bit is cleared by software. 0: Interrupts are enabled. 1: Interrupts are disabled. This bit is controlled by the RIM, SIM and IRET instructions and is tested by the JRM and JRNM instructions. Note: Interrupts requested while I is set are latched and can be processed when I is cleared. By default an interrupt routine is not interruptable Bit 0 = C Carry/borrow. This bit is set and cleared by hardware and software. It indicates an overflow or an underflow has occurred during the last arithmetic operation. 0: No overflow or underflow has occurred. 1: An overflow or underflow has occurred. This bit is driven by the SCF and RCF instructions and tested by the JRC and JRNC instructions. It is also affected by the “bit test and branch”, shift and rotate instructions. 21/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE CPU REGISTERS (Cont’d) Stack Pointer (SP) Read/Write Reset Value: 00 FFh 15 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 1 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0 The Stack Pointer is a 16-bit register which is always pointing to the next free location in the stack. It is then decremented after data has been pushed onto the stack and incremented before data is popped from the stack (see Figure 11). Since the stack is 64 bytes deep, the 10 most significant bits are forced by hardware. Following an MCU Reset, or after a Reset Stack Pointer instruction (RSP), the Stack Pointer contains its reset value (the SP5 to SP0 bits are set) which is the stack higher address. The least significant byte of the Stack Pointer (called S) can be directly accessed by a LD instruction. Note: When the lower limit is exceeded, the Stack Pointer wraps around to the stack upper limit, without indicating the stack overflow. The previously stored information is then overwritten and therefore lost. The stack also wraps in case of an underflow. The stack is used to save the return address during a subroutine call and the CPU context during an interrupt. The user may also directly manipulate the stack by means of the PUSH and POP instructions. In the case of an interrupt, the PCL is stored at the first location pointed to by the SP. Then the other registers are stored in the next locations as shown in Figure 11. – When an interrupt is received, the SP is decremented and the context is pushed on the stack. – On return from interrupt, the SP is incremented and the context is popped from the stack. A subroutine call occupies two locations and an interrupt five locations in the stack area. Figure 11. Stack Manipulation Example CALL Subroutine PUSH Y Interrupt event POP Y RET or RSP IRET @ 00C0h SP SP CC A X X X PCH PCH PCH PCL PCL PCL PCH PCH PCH PCH PCH PCL PCL PCL PCL PCL SP @ 00FFh Stack Higher Address = 00FFh Stack Lower Address = 00C0h 22/122 1 SP Y CC A CC A SP SP ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 7 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT The device includes a range of utility features for securing the application in critical situations (for example in case of a power brown-out), and reducing the number of external components. RCCR Conditions ST7FLITE02/ ST7FLITE05/ ST7FLITE09 ST7FLITES2/ Address ST7FLITES5 Address Main features ■ Clock Management – 1 MHz internal RC oscillator (enabled by option byte) – External Clock Input (enabled by option byte) – PLL for multiplying the frequency by 4 or 8 (enabled by option byte) ■ Reset Sequence Manager (RSM) ■ System Integrity Management (SI) – Main supply Low voltage detection (LVD) with reset generation (enabled by option byte) – Auxiliary Voltage detector (AVD) with interrupt capability for monitoring the main supply (enabled by option byte) 7.1 INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT The ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE contain an internal RC oscillator with an accuracy of 1% for a given device, temperature and voltage. It must be calibrated to obtain the frequency required in the application. This is done by software writing a calibration value in the RCCR (RC Control Register). Whenever the microcontroller is reset, the RCCR returns to its default value (FFh), i.e. each time the device is reset, the calibration value must be loaded in the RCCR. Predefined calibration values are stored in EEPROM for 3.0 and 5V VDD supply voltages at 25°C, as shown in the following table. Notes: – See “ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS” on page 78. for more information on the frequency and accuracy of the RC oscillator. – To improve clock stability, it is recommended to place a decoupling capacitor between the V DD RCCR0 RCCR1 VDD=5V TA=25°C fRC=1MHz VDD=3.0V TA=25°C fRC=700KHz 1000h and FFDEh FFDEh 1001h andFFDFh FFDFh and VSS pins as close as possible to the ST7 device. – These two bytes are systematically programmed by ST, including on FASTROM devices. Consequently, customers intending to use FASTROM service must not use these two bytes. Caution: If the voltage or temperature conditions change in the application, the frequency may need to be recalibrated. Refer to application note AN1324 for information on how to calibrate the RC frequency using an external reference signal. 7.2 PHASE LOCKED LOOP The PLL can be used to multiply a 1MHz frequency from the RC oscillator or the external clock by 4 or 8 to obtain fOSC of 4 or 8 MHz. The PLL is enabled and the multiplication factor of 4 or 8 is selected by 2 option bits. – The x4 PLL is intended for operation with VDD in the 2.4V to 3.3V range – The x8 PLL is intended for operation with VDD in the 3.3V to 5.5V range Refer to Section 15.1 for the option byte description. If the PLL is disabled and the RC oscillator is enabled, then fOSC = 1MHz. If both the RC oscillator and the PLL are disabled, fOSC is driven by the external clock. 23/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Figure 12. PLL Output Frequency Timing Diagram LOCKED bit set 4/8 x input freq. Bit 1 = MCO Main Clock Out enable This bit is read/write by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. This bit allows to enable the MCO output clock. 0: MCO clock disabled, I/O port free for general purpose I/O. 1: MCO clock enabled. Output freq. tSTAB Bit 0 = SMS Slow Mode select This bit is read/write by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. This bit selects the input clock fOSC or fOSC/32. 0: Normal mode (fCPU = fOSC 1: Slow mode (fCPU = fOSC/32) tLOCK tSTARTUP t When the PLL is started, after reset or wakeup from Halt mode or AWUFH mode, it outputs the clock after a delay of tSTARTUP. When the PLL output signal reaches the operating frequency, the LOCKED bit in the SICSCR register is set. Full PLL accuracy (ACC PLL) is reached after a stabilization time of tSTAB (see Figure 12 and 13.3.4 Internal RC Oscillator and PLL) Refer to section 7.5.4 on page 32 for a description of the LOCKED bit in the SICSR register. 7.3 REGISTER DESCRIPTION MAIN CLOCK CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (MCCSR) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 00 0 0 0 0 MCO 7 0 CR70 CR60 CR50 CR40 CR30 CR20 CR10 CR0 Bits 7:0 = CR[7:0] RC Oscillator Frequency Adjustment Bits These bits must be written immediately after reset to adjust the RC oscillator frequency and to obtain an accuracy of 1%. The application can store the correct value for each voltage range in EEPROM and write it to this register at start-up. 00h = maximum available frequency FFh = lowest available frequency Note: To tune the oscillator, write a series of different values in the register until the correct frequency is reached. The fastest method is to use a dichotomy starting with 80h. 0 0 RC CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) Read / Write Reset Value: 1111 1111 (FFh) SMS Bits 7:2 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Table 5. Clock Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 0038h 0039h 24/122 1 Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MCO 0 SMS 0 CR70 1 CR60 1 CR50 1 CR40 1 CR30 1 CR20 1 CR10 1 CR0 1 MCCSR Reset Value RCCR Reset Value ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Figure 13. Clock Management Block Diagram CR7 CR6 CR5 CR4 CR3 CR2 CR1 CR0 RCCR 1MHz 8MHz PLL 1MHz -> 8MHz PLL 1MHz -> 4MHz Tunable 1% RC Oscillator Option byte /2 DIVIDER CLKIN fOSC 4MHz 0 to 8 MHz Option byte 8-BIT LITE TIMER COUNTER fOSC fLTIMER (1ms timebase @ 8 MHz fOSC) fOSC/32 /32 DIVIDER 1 fCPU fOSC 0 TO CPU AND PERIPHERALS (except LITE TIMER) MCO SMS MCCSR 7 0 fCPU MCO 25/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 7.4 RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) 7.4.1 Introduction The reset sequence manager includes three RESET sources as shown in Figure 15: ■ External RESET source pulse ■ Internal LVD RESET (Low Voltage Detection) ■ Internal WATCHDOG RESET These sources act on the RESET pin and it is always kept low during the delay phase. The RESET service routine vector is fixed at addresses FFFEh-FFFFh in the ST7 memory map. The basic RESET sequence consists of 3 phases as shown in Figure 14: ■ Active Phase depending on the RESET source ■ 256 CPU clock cycle delay ■ RESET vector fetch The 256 CPU clock cycle delay allows the oscillator to stabilise and ensures that recovery has taken place from the Reset state. The RESET vector fetch phase duration is 2 clock cycles. If the PLL is enabled by option byte, it outputs the clock after an additional delay of tSTARTUP (see Figure 12). Figure 14. RESET Sequence Phases RESET Active Phase INTERNAL RESET 256 CLOCK CYCLES FETCH VECTOR Figure 15. Reset Block Diagram VDD RON RESET INTERNAL RESET FILTER PULSE GENERATOR 26/122 1 WATCHDOG RESET LVD RESET ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (Cont’d) 7.4.2 Asynchronous External RESET pin The RESET pin is both an input and an open-drain output with integrated RON weak pull-up resistor. This pull-up has no fixed value but varies in accordance with the input voltage. It can be pulled low by external circuitry to reset the device. See Electrical Characteristic section for more details. A RESET signal originating from an external source must have a duration of at least t h(RSTL)in in order to be recognized (see Figure 16). This detection is asynchronous and therefore the MCU can enter reset state even in HALT mode. The RESET pin is an asynchronous signal which plays a major role in EMS performance. In a noisy environment, it is recommended to follow the guidelines mentioned in the electrical characteristics section. 7.4.3 External Power-On RESET If the LVD is disabled by option byte, to start up the microcontroller correctly, the user must ensure by means of an external reset circuit that the reset signal is held low until VDD is over the minimum level specified for the selected fOSC frequency. A proper reset signal for a slow rising VDD supply can generally be provided by an external RC network connected to the RESET pin. 7.4.4 Internal Low Voltage Detector (LVD) RESET Two different RESET sequences caused by the internal LVD circuitry can be distinguished: ■ Power-On RESET ■ Voltage Drop RESET The device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled low when VDD<VIT+ (rising edge) or VDD<VIT- (falling edge) as shown in Figure 16. The LVD filters spikes on VDD larger than tg(VDD) to avoid parasitic resets. 7.4.5 Internal Watchdog RESET The RESET sequence generated by a internal Watchdog counter overflow is shown in Figure 16. Starting from the Watchdog counter underflow, the device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled low during at least tw(RSTL)out. Figure 16. RESET Sequences VDD VIT+(LVD) VIT-(LVD) LVD RESET RUN EXTERNAL RESET RUN ACTIVE PHASE ACTIVE PHASE WATCHDOG RESET RUN ACTIVE PHASE RUN tw(RSTL)out th(RSTL)in EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET WATCHDOG UNDERFLOW INTERNAL RESET (256 TCPU) VECTOR FETCH 27/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 7.5 SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (SI) The System Integrity Management block contains the Low voltage Detector (LVD) and Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD) functions. It is managed by the SICSR register. 7.5.1 Low Voltage Detector (LVD) The Low Voltage Detector function (LVD) generates a static reset when the VDD supply voltage is below a VIT-(LVD) reference value. This means that it secures the power-up as well as the power-down keeping the ST7 in reset. The VIT-(LVD) reference value for a voltage drop is lower than the V IT+(LVD) reference value for poweron in order to avoid a parasitic reset when the MCU starts running and sinks current on the supply (hysteresis). The LVD Reset circuitry generates a reset when VDD is below: – VIT+(LVD)when VDD is rising – VIT-(LVD) when VDD is falling The LVD function is illustrated in Figure 17. The voltage threshold can be configured by option byte to be low, medium or high. See section 15.1 on page 109. Provided the minimum VDD value (guaranteed for the oscillator frequency) is above VIT-(LVD), the MCU can only be in two modes: – under full software control – in static safe reset In these conditions, secure operation is always ensured for the application without the need for external reset hardware. During a Low Voltage Detector Reset, the RESET pin is held low, thus permitting the MCU to reset other devices. Notes: The LVD is an optional function which can be selected by option byte. See section 15.1 on page 109. It allows the device to be used without any external RESET circuitry. If the LVD is disabled, an external circuitry must be used to ensure a proper power-on reset. Caution: If an LVD reset occurs after a watchdog reset has occurred, the LVD will take priority and will clear the watchdog flag. Figure 17. Low Voltage Detector vs Reset VDD Vhys VIT+(LVD) VIT- (LVD) RESET 28/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Figure 18. Reset and Supply Management Block Diagram WATCHDOG STATUS FLAG TIMER (WDG) SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT RESET SEQUENCE RESET MANAGER (RSM) AVD Interrupt Request SICSR 0 7 0 0 LVD AVD AVD 0 LOC KED RF F IE 0 LOW VOLTAGE VSS DETECTOR VDD (LVD) AUXILIARY VOLTAGE DETECTOR (AVD) 29/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d) 7.5.2 Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD) The Voltage Detector function (AVD) is based on an analog comparison between a VIT-(AVD) and VIT+(AVD) reference value and the VDD main supply voltage (VAVD). The VIT-(AVD) reference value for falling voltage is lower than the V IT+(AVD) reference value for rising voltage in order to avoid parasitic detection (hysteresis). The output of the AVD comparator is directly readable by the application software through a real time status bit (AVDF) in the SICSR register. This bit is read only. Caution: The AVD functions only if the LVD is enabled through the option byte. 7.5.2.1 Monitoring the VDD Main Supply The AVD voltage threshold value is relative to the selected LVD threshold configured by option byte (see section 15.1 on page 109). If the AVD interrupt is enabled, an interrupt is generated when the voltage crosses the VIT+(LVD) or VIT-(AVD) threshold (AVDF bit is set). In the case of a drop in voltage, the AVD interrupt acts as an early warning, allowing software to shut down safely before the LVD resets the microcontroller. See Figure 19. The interrupt on the rising edge is used to inform the application that the VDD warning state is over Figure 19. Using the AVD to Monitor VDD VDD Early Warning Interrupt (Power has dropped, MCU not not yet in reset) Vhyst VIT+(AVD) VIT-(AVD) VIT+(LVD) VIT-(LVD) AVDF bit 0 1 RESET 1 0 AVD INTERRUPT REQUEST IF AVDIE bit = 1 INTERRUPT Cleared by reset LVD RESET 30/122 1 INTERRUPT Cleared by hardware ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d) 7.5.3 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT set and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). Description No effect on SI. AVD interrupts cause the device to exit from Wait mode. The CRSR register is frozen. The AVD remains active but the AVD interrupt cannot be used to exit from Halt mode. Interrupt Event AVD event Enable Event Control Flag Bit Exit from Wait Exit from Halt AVDF Yes Yes AVDIE 7.5.3.1 Interrupts The AVD interrupt event generates an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit (AVDIE) is 31/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d) 7.5.4 Register Description SYSTEM INTEGRITY (SI) CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (SICSR) If the AVDIE bit is set, an interrupt request is genRead /Write erated when the AVDF bit changes value. Refer to Reset Value: 0000 0x00 (0xh) Figure 19 for additional details 0: VDD over AVD threshold 7 0 1: VDD under AVD threshold 0 0 0 0 LOCK ED LVDRF AVDF AVDIE Bit 7:4 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Bit 3 = LOCKED PLL Locked Flag This bit is set and cleared by hardware. It is set automatically when the PLL reaches its operating frequency. 0: PLL not locked 1: PLL locked Bit 2 = LVDRF LVD reset flag This bit indicates that the last Reset was generated by the LVD block. It is set by hardware (LVD reset) and cleared by software (writing zero). See WDGRF flag description in Section 11.1 for more details. When the LVD is disabled by OPTION BYTE, the LVDRF bit value is undefined. Bit 0 = AVDIE Voltage Detector interrupt enable This bit is set and cleared by software. It enables an interrupt to be generated when the AVDF flag changes (toggles). The pending interrupt information is automatically cleared when software enters the AVD interrupt routine. 0: AVD interrupt disabled 1: AVD interrupt enabled Application notes The LVDRF flag is not cleared when another RESET type occurs (external or watchdog), the LVDRF flag remains set to keep trace of the original failure. In this case, a watchdog reset can be detected by software while an external reset can not. Bit 1 = AVDF Voltage Detector flag This read-only bit is set and cleared by hardware. Table 6. System Integrity Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 003Ah 32/122 1 Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 LOCKED 0 LVDRF x AVDF 0 AVDIE 0 SICSR Reset Value ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 8 INTERRUPTS The ST7 core may be interrupted by one of two different methods: maskable hardware interrupts as listed in the Interrupt Mapping Table and a nonmaskable software interrupt (TRAP). The Interrupt processing flowchart is shown in Figure 20. The maskable interrupts must be enabled by clearing the I bit in order to be serviced. However, disabled interrupts may be latched and processed when they are enabled (see external interrupts subsection). Note: After reset, all interrupts are disabled. When an interrupt has to be serviced: – Normal processing is suspended at the end of the current instruction execution. – The PC, X, A and CC registers are saved onto the stack. – The I bit of the CC register is set to prevent additional interrupts. – The PC is then loaded with the interrupt vector of the interrupt to service and the first instruction of the interrupt service routine is fetched (refer to the Interrupt Mapping Table for vector addresses). The interrupt service routine should finish with the IRET instruction which causes the contents of the saved registers to be recovered from the stack. Note: As a consequence of the IRET instruction, the I bit will be cleared and the main program will resume. Priority Management By default, a servicing interrupt cannot be interrupted because the I bit is set by hardware entering in interrupt routine. In the case when several interrupts are simultaneously pending, an hardware priority defines which one will be serviced first (see the Interrupt Mapping Table). Interrupts and Low Power Mode All interrupts allow the processor to leave the WAIT low power mode. Only external and specifically mentioned interrupts allow the processor to leave the HALT low power mode (refer to the “Exit from HALT“ column in the Interrupt Mapping Table). 8.1 NON MASKABLE SOFTWARE INTERRUPT This interrupt is entered when the TRAP instruction is executed regardless of the state of the I bit. It will be serviced according to the flowchart on Figure 20. 8.2 EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS External interrupt vectors can be loaded into the PC register if the corresponding external interrupt occurred and if the I bit is cleared. These interrupts allow the processor to leave the Halt low power mode. The external interrupt polarity is selected through the miscellaneous register or interrupt register (if available). An external interrupt triggered on edge will be latched and the interrupt request automatically cleared upon entering the interrupt service routine. If several input pins, connected to the same interrupt vector, are configured as interrupts, their signals are logically NANDed before entering the edge/level detection block. Caution: The type of sensitivity defined in the Miscellaneous or Interrupt register (if available) applies to the ei source. In case of a NANDed source (as described on the I/O ports section), a low level on an I/O pin configured as input with interrupt, masks the interrupt request even in case of risingedge sensitivity. 8.3 PERIPHERAL INTERRUPTS Different peripheral interrupt flags in the status register are able to cause an interrupt when they are active if both: – The I bit of the CC register is cleared. – The corresponding enable bit is set in the control register. If any of these two conditions is false, the interrupt is latched and thus remains pending. Clearing an interrupt request is done by: – Writing “0” to the corresponding bit in the status register or – Access to the status register while the flag is set followed by a read or write of an associated register. Note: the clearing sequence resets the internal latch. A pending interrupt (i.e. waiting for being enabled) will therefore be lost if the clear sequence is executed. 33/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE INTERRUPTS (Cont’d) Figure 20. Interrupt Processing Flowchart FROM RESET I BIT SET? N N Y Y FETCH NEXT INSTRUCTION N IRET? INTERRUPT PENDING? STACK PC, X, A, CC SET I BIT LOAD PC FROM INTERRUPT VECTOR Y EXECUTE INSTRUCTION RESTORE PC, X, A, CC FROM STACK THIS CLEARS I BIT BY DEFAULT Table 7. Interrupt Mapping N° Source Block RESET TRAP 0 Reset ei0 External Interrupt 0 2 ei1 External Interrupt 1 3 ei2 External Interrupt 2 4 ei3 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 34/122 Priority Order Highest Priority Software Interrupt 1 7 Register Label Exit from HALT Address Vector yes FFFEh-FFFFh no FFFCh-FFFDh Not used 5 1 Description FFFAh-FFFBh N/A FFF8h-FFF9h yes AT TIMER LITE TIMER SPI FFF4h-FFF5h External Interrupt 3 FFF2h-FFF3h Not used FFF0h-FFF1h Not used SI FFF6h-FFF7h AVD interrupt AT TIMER Output Compare Interrupt FFEEh-FFEFh SICSR yes FFECh-FFEDh PWM0CSR no FFEAh-FFEBh AT TIMER Overflow Interrupt ATCSR yes FFE8h-FFE9h LITE TIMER Input Capture Interrupt LTCSR no FFE6h-FFE7h LITE TIMER RTC Interrupt LTCSR yes FFE4h-FFE5h SPI Peripheral Interrupts SPICSR yes FFE2h-FFE3h Not used Lowest Priority FFE0h-FFE1h ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE INTERRUPTS (Cont’d) EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER (EICR) Read /Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 IS31 Bit 1:0 = IS0[1:0] ei0 sensitivity These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei0 (Port A0) according to Table 8. Note: These 8 bits can be written only when the I bit in the CC register is set. 0 IS30 IS21 IS20 IS11 IS10 IS01 IS00 Table 8. Interrupt Sensitivity Bits ISx1 ISx0 Bit 7:6 = IS3[1:0] ei3 sensitivity These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei3 (Port B0) according to Table 8. Bit 5:4 = IS2[1:0] ei2 sensitivity These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei2 (Port B3) according to Table 8. External Interrupt Sensitivity 0 0 0 1 Falling edge & low level Rising edge only 1 0 Falling edge only 1 1 Rising and falling edge . Bit 3:2 = IS1[1:0] ei1 sensitivity These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei1 (Port A7) according to Table 8. 35/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 9 POWER SAVING MODES 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.2 SLOW MODE To give a large measure of flexibility to the application in terms of power consumption, four main power saving modes are implemented in the ST7 (see Figure 21): SLOW, WAIT (SLOW WAIT), ACTIVE HALT and HALT. After a RESET the normal operating mode is selected by default (RUN mode). This mode drives the device (CPU and embedded peripherals) by means of a master clock which is based on the main oscillator frequency (fOSC). From RUN mode, the different power saving modes may be selected by setting the relevant register bits or by calling the specific ST7 software instruction whose action depends on the oscillator status. This mode has two targets: – To reduce power consumption by decreasing the internal clock in the device, – To adapt the internal clock frequency (fCPU) to the available supply voltage. SLOW mode is controlled by the SMS bit in the MCCSR register which enables or disables Slow mode. In this mode, the oscillator frequency is divided by 32. The CPU and peripherals are clocked at this lower frequency. Notes: SLOW-WAIT mode is activated when entering WAIT mode while the device is already in SLOW mode. SLOW mode has no effect on the Lite Timer which is already clocked at FOSC/32. Figure 21. Power Saving Mode Transitions High Figure 22. SLOW Mode Clock Transition RUN fOSC/32 SLOW fOSC fCPU WAIT fOSC SLOW WAIT SMS ACTIVE HALT NORMAL RUN MODE REQUEST HALT Low POWER CONSUMPTION 36/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 9.3 WAIT MODE WAIT mode places the MCU in a low power consumption mode by stopping the CPU. This power saving mode is selected by calling the ‘WFI’ instruction. All peripherals remain active. During WAIT mode, the I bit of the CC register is cleared, to enable all interrupts. All other registers and memory remain unchanged. The MCU remains in WAIT mode until an interrupt or RESET occurs, whereupon the Program Counter branches to the starting address of the interrupt or Reset service routine. The MCU will remain in WAIT mode until a Reset or an Interrupt occurs, causing it to wake up. Refer to Figure 23. Figure 23. WAIT Mode Flow-chart WFI INSTRUCTION OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BIT ON ON OFF 0 N RESET Y N INTERRUPT Y OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BIT ON OFF ON 0 256 CPU CLOCK CYCLE DELAY OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BIT ON ON ON X 1) FETCH RESET VECTOR OR SERVICE INTERRUPT Note: 1. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is set during the interrupt routine and cleared when the CC register is popped. 37/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 9.4 ACTIVE-HALT AND HALT MODES ACTIVE-HALT and HALT modes are the two lowest power consumption modes of the MCU. They are both entered by executing the ‘HALT’ instruction. The decision to enter either in ACTIVE-HALT or HALT mode is given by the LTCSR/ATCSR register status as shown in the following table:. ATCSR LTCSR ATCSR ATCSR OVFIE TBIE bit CK1 bit CK0 bit bit 0 x x 0 0 0 x x 0 1 1 1 1 x x x x 1 0 1 ACTIVE HALT HALT INSTRUCTION [Active Halt Enabled] 256 CPU CYCLE DELAY 1) RESET OR INTERRUPT RUN FETCH VECTOR Figure 25. ACTIVE-HALT Mode Flow-chart ACTIVE-HALT mode disabled HALT INSTRUCTION (Active Halt enabled) ACTIVE-HALT mode enabled In ACTIVE-HALT mode, only the main oscillator and the selected timer counter (LT/AT) are running to keep a wake-up time base. All other peripherals are not clocked except those which get their clock supply from another clock generator (such as external or auxiliary oscillator). Caution: As soon as ACTIVE-HALT is enabled, executing a HALT instruction while the Watchdog is active does not generate a RESET if the WDGHALT bit is reset. This means that the device cannot spend more than a defined delay in this power saving mode. 1 RUN Meaning 9.4.1 ACTIVE-HALT MODE ACTIVE-HALT mode is the lowest power consumption mode of the MCU with a real time clock available. It is entered by executing the ‘HALT’ instruction when active halt mode is enabled. The MCU can exit ACTIVE-HALT mode on reception of a Lite Timer / AT Timer interrupt or a RESET. – When exiting ACTIVE-HALT mode by means of a RESET, a 256 CPU cycle delay occurs. After the start up delay, the CPU resumes operation by fetching the reset vector which woke it up (see Figure 25). – When exiting ACTIVE-HALT mode by means of an interrupt, the CPU immediately resumes operation by servicing the interrupt vector which woke it up (see Figure 25). When entering ACTIVE-HALT mode, the I bit in the CC register is cleared to enable interrupts. Therefore, if an interrupt is pending, the MCU wakes up immediately. 38/122 Figure 24. ACTIVE-HALT Timing Overview OSCILLATOR ON PERIPHERALS 2) OFF CPU OFF 0 I BIT N RESET Y N INTERRUPT 3) Y OSCILLATOR ON PERIPHERALS 2) OFF CPU ON X 4) I BIT 256 CPU CLOCK CYCLE DELAY OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BITS ON ON ON X 4) FETCH RESET VECTOR OR SERVICE INTERRUPT Notes: 1. This delay occurs only if the MCU exits ACTIVEHALT mode by means of a RESET. 2. Peripherals clocked with an external clock source can still be active. 3. Only the Lite Timer RTC and AT Timer interrupts can exit the MCU from ACTIVE-HALT mode. 4. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is set during the interrupt routine and cleared when the CC register is popped. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 9.4.2 HALT MODE The HALT mode is the lowest power consumption mode of the MCU. It is entered by executing the ‘HALT’ instruction when active halt mode is disabled. The MCU can exit HALT mode on reception of either a specific interrupt (see Table 7, “Interrupt Mapping,” on page 34) or a RESET. When exiting HALT mode by means of a RESET or an interrupt, the oscillator is immediately turned on and the 256 CPU cycle delay is used to stabilize the oscillator. After the start up delay, the CPU resumes operation by servicing the interrupt or by fetching the reset vector which woke it up (see Figure 27). When entering HALT mode, the I bit in the CC register is forced to 0 to enable interrupts. Therefore, if an interrupt is pending, the MCU wakes immediately. In HALT mode, the main oscillator is turned off causing all internal processing to be stopped, including the operation of the on-chip peripherals. All peripherals are not clocked except the ones which get their clock supply from another clock generator (such as an external or auxiliary oscillator). The compatibility of Watchdog operation with HALT mode is configured by the “WDGHALT” option bit of the option byte. The HALT instruction when executed while the Watchdog system is enabled, can generate a Watchdog RESET (see section 15.1 on page 109 for more details). Figure 26. HALT Timing Overview RUN HALT HALT INSTRUCTION [Active Halt disabled] 256 CPU CYCLE DELAY RUN RESET OR INTERRUPT FETCH VECTOR Figure 27. HALT Mode Flow-chart HALT INSTRUCTION (Active Halt disabled) ENABLE WDGHALT 1) WATCHDOG DISABLE 0 1 WATCHDOG RESET OSCILLATOR OFF PERIPHERALS 2) OFF CPU OFF I BIT 0 N RESET N Y INTERRUPT 3) Y OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BIT ON OFF ON X 4) 256 CPU CLOCK CYCLE DELAY OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BITS ON ON ON X 4) FETCH RESET VECTOR OR SERVICE INTERRUPT Notes: 1. WDGHALT is an option bit. See option byte section for more details. 2. Peripheral clocked with an external clock source can still be active. 3. Only some specific interrupts can exit the MCU from HALT mode (such as external interrupt). Refer to Table 7, “Interrupt Mapping,” on page 34 for more details. 4. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is set during the interrupt routine and cleared when the CC register is popped. 5. If the PLL is enabled by option byte, it outputs the clock after a delay of tSTARTUP (see Figure 12). 39/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 9.4.2.1 HALT Mode Recommendations – Make sure that an external event is available to wake up the microcontroller from Halt mode. – When using an external interrupt to wake up the microcontroller, reinitialize the corresponding I/O as “Input Pull-up with Interrupt” before executing the HALT instruction. The main reason for this is that the I/O may be wrongly configured due to external interference or by an unforeseen logical condition. – For the same reason, reinitialize the level sensitiveness of each external interrupt as a precautionary measure. 40/122 1 – The opcode for the HALT instruction is 0x8E. To avoid an unexpected HALT instruction due to a program counter failure, it is advised to clear all occurrences of the data value 0x8E from memory. For example, avoid defining a constant in ROM with the value 0x8E. – As the HALT instruction clears the I bit in the CC register to allow interrupts, the user may choose to clear all pending interrupt bits before executing the HALT instruction. This avoids entering other peripheral interrupt routines after executing the external interrupt routine corresponding to the wake-up event (reset or external interrupt). ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 10 I/O PORTS 10.1 INTRODUCTION The I/O ports offer different functional modes: – transfer of data through digital inputs and outputs and for specific pins: – external interrupt generation – alternate signal input/output for the on-chip peripherals. An I/O port contains up to 8 pins. Each pin can be programmed independently as digital input (with or without interrupt generation) or digital output. 10.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Each port has 2 main registers: – Data Register (DR) – Data Direction Register (DDR) and one optional register: – Option Register (OR) Each I/O pin may be programmed using the corresponding register bits in the DDR and OR registers: bit X corresponding to pin X of the port. The same correspondence is used for the DR register. The following description takes into account the OR register, (for specific ports which do not provide this register refer to the I/O Port Implementation section). The generic I/O block diagram is shown in Figure 28 10.2.1 Input Modes The input configuration is selected by clearing the corresponding DDR register bit. In this case, reading the DR register returns the digital value applied to the external I/O pin. Different input modes can be selected by software through the OR register. Note: Writing the DR register modifies the latch value but does not affect the pin status. External interrupt function When an I/O is configured as Input with Interrupt, an event on this I/O can generate an external interrupt request to the CPU. Each pin can independently generate an interrupt request. The interrupt sensitivity is independently programmable using the sensitivity bits in the EICR register. Each external interrupt vector is linked to a dedicated group of I/O port pins (see pinout description and interrupt section). If several input pins are selected simultaneously as interrupt source, these are logically ANDed. For this reason if one of the interrupt pins is tied low, it masks the other ones. The external interrupts are hardware interrupts, which means that the request latch (not accessible directly by the application) is automatically cleared when the corresponding interrupt vector is fetched. To clear an unwanted pending interrupt by software, the sensitivity bits in the EICR register must be modified. 10.2.2 Output Modes The output configuration is selected by setting the corresponding DDR register bit. In this case, writing the DR register applies this digital value to the I/O pin through the latch. Then reading the DR register returns the previously stored value. Two different output modes can be selected by software through the OR register: Output push-pull and open-drain. DR register value and output pin status: DR 0 1 Push-pull VSS VDD Open-drain Vss Floating Note: When switching from input to output mode, the DR register has to be written first to drive the correct level on the pin as soon as the port is configured as an output. 10.2.3 Alternate Functions When an on-chip peripheral is configured to use a pin, the alternate function is automatically selected. This alternate function takes priority over the standard I/O programming under the following conditions: – When the signal is coming from an on-chip peripheral, the I/O pin is automatically configured in output mode (push-pull or open drain according to the peripheral). – When the signal is going to an on-chip peripheral, the I/O pin must be configured in floating input mode. In this case, the pin state is also digitally readable by addressing the DR register. Notes: – Input pull-up configuration can cause unexpected value at the input of the alternate peripheral input. – When an on-chip peripheral use a pin as input and output, this pin has to be configured in input floating mode. 41/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORTS (Cont’d) Figure 28. I/O Port General Block Diagram ALTERNATE OUTPUT REGISTER ACCESS 1 VDD 0 P-BUFFER (see table below) ALTERNATE ENABLE PULL-UP (see table below) DR VDD DDR PULL-UP CONDITION DATA BUS OR PAD If implemented OR SEL N-BUFFER DIODES (see table below) DDR SEL DR SEL ANALOG INPUT CMOS SCHMITT TRIGGER 1 0 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT SOURCE (eix) POLARITY SELECTION ALTERNATE INPUT FROM OTHER BITS Table 9. I/O Port Mode Options Configuration Mode Input Output Floating with/without Interrupt Pull-up with/without Interrupt Push-pull Open Drain (logic level) Legend: NI - not implemented Off - implemented not activated On - implemented and activated 42/122 1 Pull-Up P-Buffer Off On Off Off On Off Diodes to VDD to VSS On On ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORTS (Cont’d) Table 10. I/O Port Configurations Hardware Configuration DR REGISTER ACCESS VDD RPU PULL-UP CONDITION DR REGISTER PAD W DATA BUS INPUT 1) R ALTERNATE INPUT FROM OTHER PINS INTERRUPT CONDITION EXTERNAL INTERRUPT SOURCE (eix) POLARITY SELECTION PUSH-PULL OUTPUT 2) OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUT 2) ANALOG INPUT DR REGISTER ACCESS VDD RPU DR REGISTER PAD ALTERNATE ENABLE R/W DATA BUS ALTERNATE OUTPUT DR REGISTER ACCESS VDD RPU PAD DR REGISTER ALTERNATE ENABLE R/W DATA BUS ALTERNATE OUTPUT Notes: 1. When the I/O port is in input configuration and the associated alternate function is enabled as an output, reading the DR register will read the alternate function output status. 2. When the I/O port is in output configuration and the associated alternate function is enabled as an input, the alternate function reads the pin status given by the DR register content. 43/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORTS (Cont’d) CAUTION: The alternate function must not be activated as long as the pin is configured as input with interrupt, in order to avoid generating spurious interrupts. Analog alternate function When the pin is used as an ADC input, the I/O must be configured as floating input. The analog multiplexer (controlled by the ADC registers) switches the analog voltage present on the selected pin to the common analog rail which is connected to the ADC input. It is recommended not to change the voltage level or loading on any port pin while conversion is in progress. Furthermore it is recommended not to have clocking pins located close to a selected analog pin. WARNING: The analog input voltage level must be within the limits stated in the absolute maximum ratings. 10.3 UNUSED I/O PINS Unused I/O pins must be connected to fixed voltage levels. Refer to Section 13.8. 10.4 LOW POWER MODES Mode HALT The external interrupt event generates an interrupt if the corresponding configuration is selected with DDR and OR registers and the interrupt mask in the CC register is not active (RIM instruction). Enable Event Control Flag Bit Interrupt Event External interrupt on selected external event - DDRx ORx Exit from Wait Exit from Halt Yes Yes 10.6 I/O PORT IMPLEMENTATION The hardware implementation on each I/O port depends on the settings in the DDR and OR registers and specific feature of the I/O port such as ADC Input or true open drain. Switching these I/O ports from one state to another should be done in a sequence that prevents unwanted side effects. Recommended safe transitions are illustrated in Figure 29 Other transitions are potentially risky and should be avoided, since they are likely to present unwanted side-effects such as spurious interrupt generation. Figure 29. Interrupt I/O Port State Transitions Description No effect on I/O ports. External interrupts cause the device to exit from WAIT mode. No effect on I/O ports. External interrupts cause the device to exit from HALT mode. WAIT 10.5 INTERRUPTS 01 00 10 11 INPUT floating/pull-up interrupt INPUT floating (reset state) OUTPUT open-drain OUTPUT push-pull XX = DDR, OR The I/O port register configurations are summarised as follows. Table 11. Port Configuration Port Port A Port B 44/122 1 Pin name Input (DDR=0) OR = 0 OR = 1 Output (DDR=1) OR = 0 OR = 1 PA7 floating pull-up interrupt open drain PA6:1 floating pull-up open drain push-pull push-pull PA0 floating pull-up interrupt open drain push-pull PB4 floating pull-up open drain push-pull PB3 PB2:1 floating floating pull-up interrupt pull-up open drain open drain push-pull push-pull PB0 floating pull-up interrupt open drain push-pull ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORTS (Cont’d) Table 12. I/O Port Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0000h PADR Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0001h PADDR Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0002h PAOR Reset Value MSB 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0003h PBDR Reset Value MSB 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0004h PBDDR Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0005h PBOR Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 (Hex.) 45/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 11 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS 11.1 LITE TIMER (LT) 11.1.1 Introduction ■ The Lite Timer can be used for general-purpose timing functions. It is based on a free-running 8-bit upcounter with two software-selectable timebase periods, an 8-bit input capture register and watchdog function. 11.1.2 Main Features ■ Realtime Clock – 8-bit upcounter – 1 ms or 2 ms timebase period (@ 8 MHz fOSC) – Maskable timebase interrupt ■ Input Capture – 8-bit input capture register (LTICR) – Maskable interrupt with wakeup from Halt Mode capability Watchdog – Enabled by hardware or software (configurable by option byte) – Optional reset on HALT instruction (configurable by option byte) – Automatically resets the device unless disable bit is refreshed – Software reset (Forced Watchdog reset) – Watchdog reset status flag Figure 30. Lite Timer Block Diagram fLTIMER To 12-bit AT TImer fWDG fOSC/32 /2 8-bit UPCOUNTER LTICR LTIC fLTIMER WATCHDOG WATCHDOG RESET 1 Timebase 1 or 2 ms 0 (@ 8MHz fOSC) 8 8-bit INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER LTCSR ICIE 7 ICF TB TBIE TBF WDG RF WDGE WDGD 0 LTTB INTERRUPT REQUEST LTIC INTERRUPT REQUEST 46/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE LITE TIMER (Cont’d) 11.1.3 Functional Description The value of the 8-bit counter cannot be read or written by software. After an MCU reset, it starts incrementing from 0 at a frequency of fOSC/32. A counter overflow event occurs when the counter rolls over from F9h to 00h. If fOSC = 8 MHz, then the time period between two counter overflow events is 1 ms. This period can be doubled by setting the TB bit in the LTCSR register. When the timer overflows, the TBF bit is set by hardware and an interrupt request is generated if the TBIE is set. The TBF bit is cleared by software reading the LTCSR register. 11.1.3.1 Watchdog The watchdog is enabled using the WDGE bit. The normal Watchdog timeout is 2ms (@ = 8 MHz fOSC), after which it then generates a reset. To prevent this watchdog reset occuring, software must set the WDGD bit. The WDGD bit is cleared by hardware after tWDG . This means that software must write to the WDGD bit at regular intervals to prevent a watchdog reset occurring. Refer to Figure 31. If the watchdog is not enabled immediately after reset, the first watchdog timeout will be shorter than 2ms, because this period is counted starting from reset. Moreover, if a 2ms period has already elapsed after the last MCU reset, the watchdog reset will take place as soon as the WDGE bit is set. For these reasons, it is recommended to enable the Watchdog immediately after reset or else to set the WDGD bit before the WGDE bit so a watchdog reset will not occur for at least 2ms. Note: Software can use the timebase feature to set the WDGD bit at 1 or 2 ms intervals. A Watchdog reset can be forced at any time by setting the WDGRF bit. To generate a forced watchdog reset, first watchdog has to be activated by setting the WDGE bit and then the WDGRF bit has to be set. The WDGRF bit also acts as a flag, indicating that the Watchdog was the source of the reset. It is automatically cleared after it has been read. Caution: When the WDGRF bit is set, software must clear it, otherwise the next time the watchdog is enabled (by hardware or software), the microcontroller will be immediately reset. Hardware Watchdog Option If Hardware Watchdog is selected by option byte, the watchdog is always active and the WDGE bit in the LTCSR is not used. Refer to the Option Byte description in the "device configuration and ordering information" section. Using Halt Mode with the Watchdog (option) If the Watchdog reset on HALT option is not selected by option byte, the Halt mode can be used when the watchdog is enabled. In this case, the HALT instruction stops the oscillator. When the oscillator is stopped, the Lite Timer stops counting and is no longer able to generate a Watchdog reset until the microcontroller receives an external interrupt or a reset. If an external interrupt is received, the WDG restarts counting after 256 CPU clocks. If a reset is generated, the Watchdog is disabled (reset state). If Halt mode with Watchdog is enabled by option byte (No watchdog reset on HALT instruction), it is recommended before executing the HALT instruction to refresh the WDG counter, to avoid an unexpected WDG reset immediately after waking up the microcontroller. 47/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Figure 31. Watchdog Timing Diagram HARDWARE CLEARS WDGD BIT fWDG tWDG (2ms @ 8MHz fOSC) WDGD BIT INTERNAL WATCHDOG RESET SOFTWARE SETS WDGD BIT WATCHDOG RESET 48/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE LITE TIMER (Cont’d) Input Capture The 8-bit input capture register is used to latch the free-running upcounter after a rising or falling edge is detected on the ICAP1 pin. When an input capture occurs, the ICF bit is set and the LTICR register contains the MSB of the free-running upcounter. An interrupt is generated if the ICIE bit is set. The ICF bit is cleared by reading the LTICR register. The LTICR is a read only register and always contains the data from the last input capture. Input capture is inhibited if the ICF bit is set. SLOW WAIT 11.1.5 Interrupts Interrupt Event Timebase Event IC Event Event Flag Enable Control Bit Exit from Wait Exit from Halt Exit from ActiveHalt TBF TBIE Yes No Yes ICF ICIE Yes No No Note: The TBF and ICF interrupt events are connected to separate interrupt vectors (see Interrupts chapter). 11.1.4 Low Power Modes Mode ACTIVE-HALT No effect on Lite timer HALT Lite timer stops counting Description No effect on Lite timer (this peripheral is driven directly by f OSC/32) No effect on Lite timer They generate an interrupt if the enable bit is set in the LTCSR register and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). Figure 32. Input Capture Timing Diagram. 4µs (@ 8MHz fOSC) fCPU f OSC/32 8-bit COUNTER 01h 02h 03h 04h 05h 06h 07h CLEARED BY S/W READING LTIC REGISTER LTIC PIN ICF FLAG LTICR REGISTER xxh 04h 07h t 49/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE LITE TIMER (Cont’d) 11.1.6 Register Description LITE TIMER CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (LTCSR) Read / Write Reset Value: 0x00 0000 (x0h) 7 0 ICIE ICF TB TBIE TBF WDGR WDGE WDGD Bit 7 = ICIE Interrupt Enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Input Capture (IC) interrupt disabled 1: Input Capture (IC) interrupt enabled Bit 6 = ICF Input Capture Flag. This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software by reading the LTICR register. Writing to this bit does not change the bit value. 0: No input capture 1: An input capture has occurred Note: After an MCU reset, software must initialise the ICF bit by reading the LTICR register Bit 5 = TB Timebase period selection. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Timebase period = tOSC * 8000 (1ms @ 8 MHz) 1: Timebase period = tOSC * 16000 (2ms @ 8 MHz) 0: No counter overflow 1: A counter overflow has occurred Bit 2 = WDGRF Force Reset/ Reset Status Flag This bit is used in two ways: it is set by software to force a watchdog reset. It is set by hardware when a watchdog reset occurs and cleared by hardware or by software. It is cleared by hardware only when an LVD reset occurs. It can be cleared by software after a read access to the LTCSR register. 0: No watchdog reset occurred. 1: Force a watchdog reset (write), or, a watchdog reset occurred (read). Bit 1 = WDGE Watchdog Enable This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Watchdog disabled 1: Watchdog enabled Bit 0 = WDGD Watchdog Reset Delay This bit is set by software. It is cleared by hardware at the end of each tWDG period. 0: Watchdog reset not delayed 1: Watchdog reset delayed LITE TIMER INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER (LTICR) Read only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 ICR7 Bit 4 = TBIE Timebase Interrupt enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Timebase (TB) interrupt disabled 1: Timebase (TB) interrupt enabled Bit 3 = TBF Timebase Interrupt Flag. This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software reading the LTCSR register. Writing to this bit has no effect. ICR6 ICR5 ICR4 ICR3 ICR2 ICR1 ICR0 Bit 7:0 = ICR[7:0] Input Capture Value These bits are read by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. If the ICF bit in the LTCSR is cleared, the value of the 8-bit up-counter will be captured when a rising or falling edge occurs on the LTIC pin. Table 13. Lite Timer Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0B LTCSR Reset Value ICIE 0 ICF x TB 0 TBIE 0 TBF 0 WDGRF 0 WDGE 0 WDGD 0 0C LTICR Reset Value ICR7 0 ICR6 0 ICR5 0 ICR4 0 ICR3 0 ICR2 0 ICR1 0 ICR0 0 (Hex.) 50/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 11.2 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (AT) 11.2.1 Introduction ■ The 12-bit Autoreload Timer can be used for general-purpose timing functions. It is based on a freerunning 12-bit upcounter with a PWM output channel. 11.2.2 Main Features ■ 12-bit upcounter with 12-bit autoreload register (ATR) ■ Maskable overflow interrupt ■ ■ PWM signal generator Frequency range 2KHz-4MHz (@ 8 MHz fCPU) – Programmable duty-cycle – Polarity control – Maskable Compare interrupt Output Compare Function Figure 33. Block Diagram 7 ATCSR 0 0 fLTIMER (1 ms timebase @ 8MHz) OVF INTERRUPT REQUEST 0 0 CK1 CK0 OVF OVFIE CMPIE CMP INTERRUPT REQUEST CMPF0 fCOUNTER 12-BIT UPCOUNTER Update on OVF Event CNTR fCPU 12-BIT AUTORELOAD VALUE ATR DCR0L Preload Preload OE0 bit CMPF0 bit 0 on OVF Event IF OE0=1 12-BIT DUTY CYCLE VALUE (shadow) 1 COMPPARE OP0 bit fPWM POLARITY OUTPUT CONTROL DCR0H PWM GENERATION OE0 bit PWM0 51/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (Cont’d) 11.2.3 Functional Description PWM Mode This mode allows a Pulse Width Modulated signals to be generated on the PWM0 output pin with minimum core processing overhead. The PWM0 output signal can be enabled or disabled using the OE0 bit in the PWMCR register. When this bit is set the PWM I/O pin is configured as output pushpull alternate function. Note: CMPF0 is available in PWM mode (see PWM0CSR description on page 55). PWM Frequency and Duty Cycle The PWM signal frequency (fPWM) is controlled by the counter period and the ATR register value. fPWM = fCOUNTER / (4096 - ATR) Following the above formula, if f CPU is 8 MHz, the maximum value of fPWM is 4 Mhz (ATR register value = 4094), and the minimum value is 2 kHz (ATR register value = 0). Note: The maximum value of ATR is 4094 because it must be lower than the DCR value which must be 4095 in this case. At reset, the counter starts counting from 0. Software must write the duty cycle value in the DCR0H and DCR0L preload registers. The DCR0H register must be written first. See caution below. When a upcounter overflow occurs (OVF event), the ATR value is loaded in the upcounter, the preloaded Duty cycle value is transferred to the Duty Cycle register and the PWM0 signal is set to a high level. When the upcounter matches the DCRx value the PWM0 signals is set to a low level. To obtain a signal on the PWM0 pin, the contents of the DCR0 register must be greater than the contents of the ATR register. The polarity bit can be used to invert the output signal. The maximum available resolution for the PWM0 duty cycle is: Resolution = 1 / (4096 - ATR) Note: To get the maximum resolution (1/4096), the ATR register must be 0. With this maximum resolution and assuming that DCR=ATR, a 0% or 100% duty cycle can be obtained by changing the polarity . Caution: As soon as the DCR0H is written, the compare function is disabled and will start only when the DCR0L value is written. If the DCR0H write occurs just before the compare event, the signal on the PWM output may not be set to a low level. In this case, the DCRx register should be updated just after an OVF event. If the DCR and ATR values are close, then the DCRx register shouldbe updated just before an OVF event, in order not to miss a compare event and to have the right signal applied on the PWM output. Figure 34. PWM Function COUNTER 4095 DUTY CYCLE REGISTER (DCR0) AUTO-RELOAD REGISTER (ATR) PWM0 OUTPUT 000 52/122 1 WITH OE0=1 AND OP0=0 WITH OE0=1 AND OP0=1 t ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (Cont’d) Figure 35. PWM Signal Example fCOUNTER PWM0 OUTPUT WITH OE0=1 AND OP0=0 ATR= FFDh COUNTER FFDh FFEh FFFh FFDh FFEh FFFh FFDh FFEh DCR0=FFEh Output Compare Mode To use this function, the OE bit must be 0, otherwise the compare is done with the shadow register instead of the DCRx register. Software must then write a 12-bit value in the DCR0H and DCR0L registers. This value will be loaded immediately (without waiting for an OVF event). The DCR0H must be written first, the output compare function starts only when the DCR0L value is written. When the 12-bit upcounter (CNTR) reaches the value stored in the DCR0H and DCR0L registers, the CMPF0 bit in the PWM0CSR register is set and an interrupt request is generated if the CMPIE bit is set. Note: The output compare function is only available for DCRx values other than 0 (reset value). Caution: At each OVF event, the DCRx value is written in a shadow register, even if the DCR0L value has not yet been written (in this case, the shadow register will contain the new DCR0H value and the old DCR0L value), then: – If OE=1 (PWM mode): the compare is done between the timer counter and the shadow register (and not DCRx) – if OE=0 (OCMP mode): the compare is done between the timer counter and DCRx. There is no PWM signal. t The compare between DCRx or the shadow register and the timer counter is locked until DCR0L is written. 11.2.4 Low Power Modes Mode Description The input frequency is divided SLOW by 32 WAIT No effect on AT timer AT timer halted except if CK0=1, ACTIVE-HALT CK1=0 and OVFIE=1 HALT AT timer halted 11.2.5 Interrupts Interrupt Event 1) Overflow Event CMP Event Enable Exit Exit Event Control from from Flag Bit Wait Halt Exit from ActiveHalt OVFIE Yes No Yes2) CMPFx CMPIE Yes No No OVF Note 1: The interrupt events are connected to separate interrupt vectors (see Interrupts chapter). They generate an interrupt if the enable bit is set in the ATCSR register and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). Note 2: only if CK0=1and CK1=0 53/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (Cont’d) 11.2.6 Register Description TIMER CONTROL STATUS REGISTER (ATCSR) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 0 0 0 CK1 CK0 OVF OVFIE CMPIE Bit 7:5 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Bit 4:3 = CK[1:0] Counter Clock Selection. These bits are set and cleared by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. They select the clock frequency of the counter. The change becomes effective after an overflow. Counter Clock Selection CK1 CK0 OFF 0 0 fLTIMER (1 ms timebase @ 8 MHz) 0 1 fCPU 1 0 Reserved 1 1 0: OVF interrupt disabled 1: OVF interrupt enabled Bit 0 = CMPIE Compare Interrupt Enable. This bit is read/write by software and clear by hardware after a reset. It allows to mask the interrupt generation when CMPF bit is set. 0: CMPF interrupt disabled 1: CMPF interrupt enabled COUNTER REGISTER HIGH (CNTRH) Read only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 15 0 8 0 0 0 CN11 CN10 CN9 CN8 COUNTER REGISTER LOW (CNTRL) Read only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 Bit 2 = OVF Overflow Flag. This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software by reading the ATCSR register. It indicates the transition of the counter from FFh to ATR value. 0: No counter overflow occurred 1: Counter overflow occurred Caution: When set, the OVF bit stays high for 1 f COUNTER cycle, (up to 1ms depending on the clock selection). Bit 1 = OVFIE Overflow Interrupt Enable. This bit is read/write by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. 54/122 1 CN7 0 CN6 CN5 CN4 CN3 CN2 CN1 CN0 Bits 15:12 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Bits 11:0 = CNTR[11:0] Counter Value. This 12-bit register is read by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. The counter is incremented continuously as soon as a counter clock is selected. To obtain the 12-bit value, software should read the counter value in two consecutive read operations, LSB first. When a counter overflow occurs, the counter restarts from the value specified in the ATR register. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (Cont’d) AUTO RELOAD REGISTER (ATRH) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) PWM0 DUTY CYCLE REGISTER LOW (DCR0L) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 15 0 8 0 0 0 ATR11 ATR10 ATR9 ATR8 7 0 ATR6 ATR5 ATR4 ATR3 ATR2 0 DCR7 DCR6 DCR5 DCR4 DCR3 DCR2 DCR1 DCR0 Bits 15:12 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. AUTO RELOAD REGISTER (ATRL) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) ATR7 7 ATR1 ATR0 Bits 15:12 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Bits 11:0 = ATR[11:0] Autoreload Register. This is a 12-bit register which is written by software. The ATR register value is automatically loaded into the upcounter when an overflow occurs. The register value is used to set the PWM frequency. PWM0 DUTY CYCLE REGISTER HIGH (DCR0H) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 15 Bits 11:0 = DCR[11:0] PWMx Duty Cycle Value This 12-bit value is written by software. The high register must be written first. In PWM mode (OE0=1 in the PWMCR register) the DCR[11:0] bits define the duty cycle of the PWM0 output signal (see Figure 34). In Output Compare mode, (OE0=0 in the PWMCR register) they define the value to be compared with the 12bit upcounter value. PWM0 CONTROL/STATUS (PWM0CSR) Read / Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) REGISTER 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OP0 CMPF0 8 Bit 7:2= Reserved, must be kept cleared. 0 0 0 0 DCR11 DCR10 DCR9 DCR8 Bit 1 = OP0 PWM0 Output Polarity. This bit is read/write by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. This bit selects the polarity of the PWM0 signal. 0: The PWM0 signal is not inverted. 1: The PWM0 signal is inverted. Bit 0 = CMPF0 PWM0 Compare Flag. This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software by reading the PWM0CSR register. It indicates that the upcounter value matches the DCR0 register value. 0: Upcounter value does not match DCR value. 1: Upcounter value matches DCR value. 55/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER (Cont’d) PWM OUTPUT CONTROL REGISTER (PWMCR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OE0 Bits 7:1 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. Bit 0 = OE0 PWM0 Output enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: PWM0 output Alternate Function disabled (I/O pin free for general purpose I/O) 1: PWM0 output enabled Table 14. Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0D ATCSR Reset Value 0 0 0 CK1 0 CK0 0 OVF 0 OVFIE 0 CMPIE 0 0E CNTRH Reset Value 0 0 0 0 CN11 0 CN10 0 CN9 0 CN8 0 0F CNTRL Reset Value CN7 0 CN8 0 CN7 0 CN6 0 CN3 0 CN2 0 CN1 0 CN0 0 10 ATRH Reset Value 0 0 0 0 ATR11 0 ATR10 0 ATR9 0 ATR8 0 11 ATRL Reset Value ATR7 0 ATR6 0 ATR5 0 ATR4 0 ATR3 0 ATR2 0 ATR1 0 ATR0 0 12 PWMCR Reset Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OE0 0 13 PWM0CSR Reset Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 OP 0 CMPF0 0 17 DCR0H Reset Value 0 0 0 0 DCR11 0 DCR10 0 DCR9 0 DCR8 0 18 DCR0L Reset Value DCR7 0 DCR6 0 DCR5 0 DCR4 0 DCR3 0 DCR2 0 DCR1 0 DCR0 0 (Hex.) 56/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 11.3 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) 11.3.1 Introduction The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows fullduplex, synchronous, serial communication with external devices. An SPI system may consist of a master and one or more slaves however the SPI interface can not be a master in a multi-master system. 11.3.2 Main Features ■ Full duplex synchronous transfers (on 3 lines) ■ Simplex synchronous transfers (on 2 lines) ■ Master or slave operation ■ Six master mode frequencies (fCPU /4 max.) ■ fCPU/2 max. slave mode frequency ■ SS Management by software or hardware ■ Programmable clock polarity and phase ■ End of transfer interrupt flag ■ Write collision, Master Mode Fault and Overrun flags 11.3.3 General Description Figure 36 shows the serial peripheral interface (SPI) block diagram. There are 3 registers: – SPI Control Register (SPICR) – SPI Control/Status Register (SPICSR) – SPI Data Register (SPIDR) The SPI is connected to external devices through 3 pins: – MISO: Master In / Slave Out data – MOSI: Master Out / Slave In data – SCK: Serial Clock out by SPI masters and input by SPI slaves – SS: Slave select: This input signal acts as a ‘chip select’ to let the SPI master communicate with slaves individually and to avoid contention on the data lines. Slave SS inputs can be driven by standard I/O ports on the master MCU. Figure 36. Serial Peripheral Interface Block Diagram Data/Address Bus SPIDR Read Interrupt request Read Buffer MOSI MISO 8-Bit Shift Register SPICSR 7 SPIF WCOL OVR MODF SOD bit 0 SOD SSM 0 SSI Write SS SPI STATE CONTROL SCK 7 SPIE 1 0 SPICR 0 SPE SPR2 MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0 MASTER CONTROL SERIAL CLOCK GENERATOR SS 57/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.3.1 Functional Description A basic example of interconnections between a single master and a single slave is illustrated in Figure 37. The MOSI pins are connected together and the MISO pins are connected together. In this way data is transferred serially between master and slave (most significant bit first). The communication is always initiated by the master. When the master device transmits data to a slave device via MOSI pin, the slave device re- sponds by sending data to the master device via the MISO pin. This implies full duplex communication with both data out and data in synchronized with the same clock signal (which is provided by the master device via the SCK pin). To use a single data line, the MISO and MOSI pins must be connected at each node ( in this case only simplex communication is possible). Four possible data/clock timing relationships may be chosen (see Figure 40) but master and slave must be programmed with the same timing mode. Figure 37. Single Master/ Single Slave Application SLAVE MASTER MSBit LSBit 8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER SPI CLOCK GENERATOR MSBit MISO MISO MOSI MOSI SCK SS LSBit 8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER SCK +5V SS Not used if SS is managed by software 58/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.3.2 Slave Select Management As an alternative to using the SS pin to control the Slave Select signal, the application can choose to manage the Slave Select signal by software. This is configured by the SSM bit in the SPICSR register (see Figure 39) In software management, the external SS pin is free for other application uses and the internal SS signal level is driven by writing to the SSI bit in the SPICSR register. In Master mode: – SS internal must be held high continuously In Slave Mode: There are two cases depending on the data/clock timing relationship (see Figure 38): If CPHA=1 (data latched on 2nd clock edge): – SS internal must be held low during the entire transmission. This implies that in single slave applications the SS pin either can be tied to VSS, or made free for standard I/O by managing the SS function by software (SSM= 1 and SSI=0 in the in the SPICSR register) If CPHA=0 (data latched on 1st clock edge): – SS internal must be held low during byte transmission and pulled high between each byte to allow the slave to write to the shift register. If SS is not pulled high, a Write Collision error will occur when the slave writes to the shift register (see Section 11.3.5.3). Figure 38. Generic SS Timing Diagram MOSI/MISO Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Master SS Slave SS (if CPHA=0) Slave SS (if CPHA=1) Figure 39. Hardware/Software Slave Select Management SSM bit SSI bit 1 SS external pin 0 SS internal 59/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.3.3 Master Mode Operation In master mode, the serial clock is output on the SCK pin. The clock frequency, polarity and phase are configured by software (refer to the description of the SPICSR register). Note: The idle state of SCK must correspond to the polarity selected in the SPICSR register (by pulling up SCK if CPOL=1 or pulling down SCK if CPOL=0). To operate the SPI in master mode, perform the following two steps in order (if the SPICSR register is not written first, the SPICR register setting may be not taken into account): 1. Write to the SPICSR register: – Select the clock frequency by configuring the SPR[2:0] bits. – Select the clock polarity and clock phase by configuring the CPOL and CPHA bits. Figure 40 shows the four possible configurations. Note: The slave must have the same CPOL and CPHA settings as the master. – Either set the SSM bit and set the SSI bit or clear the SSM bit and tie the SS pin high for the complete byte transmit sequence. 2. Write to the SPICR register: – Set the MSTR and SPE bits Note: MSTR and SPE bits remain set only if SS is high). The transmit sequence begins when software writes a byte in the SPIDR register. 11.3.3.4 Master Mode Transmit Sequence When software writes to the SPIDR register, the data byte is loaded into the 8-bit shift register and then shifted out serially to the MOSI pin most significant bit first. When data transfer is complete: – The SPIF bit is set by hardware – An interrupt request is generated if the SPIE bit is set and the interrupt mask in the CCR register is cleared. Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SPICSR register while the SPIF bit is set 2. A read to the SPIDR register. Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read. 60/122 1 11.3.3.5 Slave Mode Operation In slave mode, the serial clock is received on the SCK pin from the master device. To operate the SPI in slave mode: 1. Write to the SPICSR register to perform the following actions: – Select the clock polarity and clock phase by configuring the CPOL and CPHA bits (see Figure 40). Note: The slave must have the same CPOL and CPHA settings as the master. – Manage the SS pin as described in Section 11.3.3.2 and Figure 38. If CPHA=1 SS must be held low continuously. If CPHA=0 SS must be held low during byte transmission and pulled up between each byte to let the slave write in the shift register. 2. Write to the SPICR register to clear the MSTR bit and set the SPE bit to enable the SPI I/O functions. 11.3.3.6 Slave Mode Transmit Sequence When software writes to the SPIDR register, the data byte is loaded into the 8-bit shift register and then shifted out serially to the MISO pin most significant bit first. The transmit sequence begins when the slave device receives the clock signal and the most significant bit of the data on its MOSI pin. When data transfer is complete: – The SPIF bit is set by hardware – An interrupt request is generated if SPIE bit is set and interrupt mask in the CCR register is cleared. Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SPICSR register while the SPIF bit is set. 2. A write or a read to the SPIDR register. Notes: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read. The SPIF bit can be cleared during a second transmission; however, it must be cleared before the second SPIF bit in order to prevent an Overrun condition (see Section 11.3.5.2). ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.4 Clock Phase and Clock Polarity Four possible timing relationships may be chosen by software, using the CPOL and CPHA bits (See Figure 40). Note: The idle state of SCK must correspond to the polarity selected in the SPICSR register (by pulling up SCK if CPOL=1 or pulling down SCK if CPOL=0). The combination of the CPOL clock polarity and CPHA (clock phase) bits selects the data capture clock edge Figure 40, shows an SPI transfer with the four combinations of the CPHA and CPOL bits. The diagram may be interpreted as a master or slave timing diagram where the SCK pin, the MISO pin, the MOSI pin are directly connected between the master and the slave device. Note: If CPOL is changed at the communication byte boundaries, the SPI must be disabled by resetting the SPE bit. Figure 40. Data Clock Timing Diagram CPHA =1 SCK (CPOL = 1) SCK (CPOL = 0) MISO (from master) MOSI (from slave) MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit SS (to slave) CAPTURE STROBE CPHA =0 SCK (CPOL = 1) SCK (CPOL = 0) MISO (from master) MOSI (from slave) MSBit MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit SS (to slave) CAPTURE STROBE Note: This figure should not be used as a replacement for parametric information. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics chapter. 61/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.5 Error Flags 11.3.5.1 Master Mode Fault (MODF) Master mode fault occurs when the master device has its SS pin pulled low. When a Master mode fault occurs: – The MODF bit is set and an SPI interrupt request is generated if the SPIE bit is set. – The SPE bit is reset. This blocks all output from the device and disables the SPI peripheral. – The MSTR bit is reset, thus forcing the device into slave mode. Clearing the MODF bit is done through a software sequence: 1. A read access to the SPICSR register while the MODF bit is set. 2. A write to the SPICR register. Notes: To avoid any conflicts in an application with multiple slaves, the SS pin must be pulled high during the MODF bit clearing sequence. The SPE and MSTR bits may be restored to their original state during or after this clearing sequence. Hardware does not allow the user to set the SPE and MSTR bits while the MODF bit is set except in the MODF bit clearing sequence. 11.3.5.2 Overrun Condition (OVR) An overrun condition occurs, when the master device has sent a data byte and the slave device has not cleared the SPIF bit issued from the previously transmitted byte. When an Overrun occurs: – The OVR bit is set and an interrupt request is generated if the SPIE bit is set. In this case, the receiver buffer contains the byte sent after the SPIF bit was last cleared. A read to the SPIDR register returns this byte. All other bytes are lost. The OVR bit is cleared by reading the SPICSR register. 11.3.5.3 Write Collision Error (WCOL) A write collision occurs when the software tries to write to the SPIDR register while a data transfer is taking place with an external device. When this happens, the transfer continues uninterrupted; and the software write will be unsuccessful. Write collisions can occur both in master and slave mode. See also Section 11.3.3.2 Slave Select Management. Note: a "read collision" will never occur since the received data byte is placed in a buffer in which access is always synchronous with the MCU operation. The WCOL bit in the SPICSR register is set if a write collision occurs. No SPI interrupt is generated when the WCOL bit is set (the WCOL bit is a status flag only). Clearing the WCOL bit is done through a software sequence (see Figure 41). Figure 41. Clearing the WCOL bit (Write Collision Flag) Software Sequence Clearing sequence after SPIF = 1 (end of a data byte transfer) 1st Step Read SPICSR RESULT 2nd Step Read SPIDR SPIF =0 WCOL=0 Clearing sequence before SPIF = 1 (during a data byte transfer) 1st Step Read SPICSR RESULT 2nd Step 62/122 1 Read SPIDR WCOL=0 Note: Writing to the SPIDR register instead of reading it does not reset the WCOL bit ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.5.4 Single Master Systems A typical single master system may be configured, using an MCU as the master and four MCUs as slaves (see Figure 42). The master device selects the individual slave devices by using four pins of a parallel port to control the four SS pins of the slave devices. The SS pins are pulled high during reset since the master device ports will be forced to be inputs at that time, thus disabling the slave devices. Note: To prevent a bus conflict on the MISO line the master allows only one active slave device during a transmission. For more security, the slave device may respond to the master with the received data byte. Then the master will receive the previous byte back from the slave device if all MISO and MOSI pins are connected and the slave has not written to its SPIDR register. Other transmission security methods can use ports for handshake lines or data bytes with command fields. Figure 42. Single Master / Multiple Slave Configuration SS SCK SS SS SCK Slave MCU Slave MCU MOSI MISO MOSI MISO SS SCK Slave MCU SCK Slave MCU MOSI MISO MOSI MISO SCK Master MCU 5V Ports MOSI MISO SS 63/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.6 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on SPI. SPI interrupt events cause the device to exit from WAIT mode. SPI registers are frozen. In HALT mode, the SPI is inactive. SPI operation resumes when the MCU is woken up by an interrupt with “exit from HALT mode” capability. The data received is subsequently read from the SPIDR register when the software is running (interrupt vector fetching). If several data are received before the wakeup event, then an overrun error is generated. This error can be detected after the fetch of the interrupt routine that woke up the device. 11.3.6.1 Using the SPI to wakeup the MCU from Halt mode In slave configuration, the SPI is able to wakeup the ST7 device from HALT mode through a SPIF interrupt. The data received is subsequently read from the SPIDR register when the software is running (interrupt vector fetch). If multiple data transfers have been performed before software clears the SPIF bit, then the OVR bit is set by hardware. Note: When waking up from Halt mode, if the SPI remains in Slave mode, it is recommended to perform an extra communications cycle to bring the SPI from Halt mode state to normal state. If the 64/122 1 SPI exits from Slave mode, it returns to normal state immediately. Caution: The SPI can wake up the ST7 from Halt mode only if the Slave Select signal (external SS pin or the SSI bit in the SPICSR register) is low when the ST7 enters Halt mode. So if Slave selection is configured as external (see Section 11.3.3.2), make sure the master drives a low level on the SS pin when the slave enters Halt mode. 11.3.7 Interrupts Interrupt Event SPI End of Transfer Event Master Mode Fault Event Overrun Error Event Flag Enable Control Bit SPIF MODF OVR SPIE Exit from Wait Exit from Halt Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Note: The SPI interrupt events are connected to the same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter). They generate an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit is set and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 11.3.8 Register Description CONTROL REGISTER (SPICR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 xxxx (0xh) 7 SPIE 0 SPE SPR2 MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0 Bit 7 = SPIE Serial Peripheral Interrupt Enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Interrupt is inhibited 1: An SPI interrupt is generated whenever SPIF=1, MODF=1 or OVR=1 in the SPICSR register Bit 6 = SPE Serial Peripheral Output Enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0 (see Section 11.3.5.1 Master Mode Fault (MODF)). The SPE bit is cleared by reset, so the SPI peripheral is not initially connected to the external pins. 0: I/O pins free for general purpose I/O 1: SPI I/O pin alternate functions enabled Bit 5 = SPR2 Divider Enable. This bit is set and cleared by software and is cleared by reset. It is used with the SPR[1:0] bits to set the baud rate. Refer to Table 15 SPI Master mode SCK Frequency. 0: Divider by 2 enabled 1: Divider by 2 disabled Note: This bit has no effect in slave mode. Bit 4 = MSTR Master Mode. This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0 (see Section 11.3.5.1 Master Mode Fault (MODF)). 0: Slave mode 1: Master mode. The function of the SCK pin changes from an input to an output and the functions of the MISO and MOSI pins are reversed. Bit 3 = CPOL Clock Polarity. This bit is set and cleared by software. This bit determines the idle state of the serial Clock. The CPOL bit affects both the master and slave modes. 0: SCK pin has a low level idle state 1: SCK pin has a high level idle state Note: If CPOL is changed at the communication byte boundaries, the SPI must be disabled by resetting the SPE bit. Bit 2 = CPHA Clock Phase. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: The first clock transition is the first data capture edge. 1: The second clock transition is the first capture edge. Note: The slave must have the same CPOL and CPHA settings as the master. Bits 1:0 = SPR[1:0] Serial Clock Frequency. These bits are set and cleared by software. Used with the SPR2 bit, they select the baud rate of the SPI serial clock SCK output by the SPI in master mode. Note: These 2 bits have no effect in slave mode. Table 15. SPI Master mode SCK Frequency Serial Clock SPR2 SPR1 SPR0 fCPU/4 1 0 0 fCPU/8 0 0 0 fCPU/16 0 0 1 fCPU/32 1 1 0 fCPU/64 0 1 0 fCPU/128 0 1 1 65/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (SPICSR) Read/Write (some bits Read Only) Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 SPIF Bit 3 = Reserved, must be kept cleared. 0 WCOL OVR MODF - SOD SSM SSI Bit 7 = SPIF Serial Peripheral Data Transfer Flag (Read only). This bit is set by hardware when a transfer has been completed. An interrupt is generated if SPIE=1 in the SPICR register. It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to the SPICSR register followed by a write or a read to the SPIDR register). 0: Data transfer is in progress or the flag has been cleared. 1: Data transfer between the device and an external device has been completed. Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read. Bit 6 = WCOL Write Collision status (Read only). This bit is set by hardware when a write to the SPIDR register is done during a transmit sequence. It is cleared by a software sequence (see Figure 41). 0: No write collision occurred 1: A write collision has been detected Bit 2 = SOD SPI Output Disable. This bit is set and cleared by software. When set, it disables the alternate function of the SPI output (MOSI in master mode / MISO in slave mode) 0: SPI output enabled (if SPE=1) 1: SPI output disabled Bit 1 = SSM SS Management. This bit is set and cleared by software. When set, it disables the alternate function of the SPI SS pin and uses the SSI bit value instead. See Section 11.3.3.2 Slave Select Management. 0: Hardware management (SS managed by external pin) 1: Software management (internal SS signal controlled by SSI bit. External SS pin free for general-purpose I/O) Bit 0 = SSI SS Internal Mode. This bit is set and cleared by software. It acts as a ‘chip select’ by controlling the level of the SS slave select signal when the SSM bit is set. 0 : Slave selected 1 : Slave deselected DATA I/O REGISTER (SPIDR) Read/Write Reset Value: Undefined 7 Bit 5 = OVR S PI Overrun error (Read only). This bit is set by hardware when the byte currently being received in the shift register is ready to be transferred into the SPIDR register while SPIF = 1 (See Section 11.3.5.2). An interrupt is generated if SPIE = 1 in SPICSR register. The OVR bit is cleared by software reading the SPICSR register. 0: No overrun error 1: Overrun error detected Bit 4 = MODF Mode Fault flag (Read only). This bit is set by hardware when the SS pin is pulled low in master mode (see Section 11.3.5.1 Master Mode Fault (MODF)). An SPI interrupt can be generated if SPIE=1 in the SPICSR register. This bit is cleared by a software sequence (An access to the SPICSR register while MODF=1 followed by a write to the SPICR register). 0: No master mode fault detected 1: A fault in master mode has been detected 66/122 1 D7 0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 The SPIDR register is used to transmit and receive data on the serial bus. In a master device, a write to this register will initiate transmission/reception of another byte. Notes: During the last clock cycle the SPIF bit is set, a copy of the received data byte in the shift register is moved to a buffer. When the user reads the serial peripheral data I/O register, the buffer is actually being read. While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read. Warning: A write to the SPIDR register places data directly into the shift register for transmission. A read to the SPIDR register returns the value located in the buffer and not the content of the shift register (see Figure 36). ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) Table 16. SPI Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 31 SPIDR Reset Value MSB x x x x x x x LSB x 32 SPICR Reset Value SPIE 0 SPE 0 SPR2 0 MSTR 0 CPOL x CPHA x SPR1 x SPR0 x 33 SPICSR Reset Value SPIF 0 WCOL 0 OVR 0 MODF 0 0 SOD 0 SSM 0 SSI 0 (Hex.) 67/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 11.4 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) 11.4.3 Functional Description 11.4.3.1 Analog Power Supply The block diagram is shown in Figure 43. VDD and VSS are the high and low level reference voltage pins. Conversion accuracy may therefore be impacted by voltage drops and noise in the event of heavily loaded or badly decoupled power supply lines. For more details, refer to the Electrical characteristics section. 11.4.3.2 Input Voltage Amplifier The input voltage can be amplified by a factor of 8 by enabling the AMPSEL bit in the ADAMP register. When the amplifier is enabled, the input range is 0V to 250 mV. For example, if VDD = 5V, then the ADC can convert voltages in the range 0V to 250mV with an ideal resolution of 2.4mV (equivalent to 11-bit resolution with reference to a VSS to VDD range). For more details, refer to the Electrical characteristics section. Note: The amplifier is switched on by the ADON bit in the ADCCSR register, so no additional startup time is required when the amplifier is selected by the AMPSEL bit. 11.4.1 Introduction The on-chip Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) peripheral is a 8-bit, successive approximation converter with internal sample and hold circuitry. This peripheral has up to 5 multiplexed analog input channels (refer to device pin out description) that allow the peripheral to convert the analog voltage levels from up to 5 different sources. The result of the conversion is stored in a 8-bit Data Register. The A/D converter is controlled through a Control/Status Register. 11.4.2 Main Features ■ 8-bit conversion ■ Up to 5 channels with multiplexed input ■ Linear successive approximation ■ Dual input range – 0 to VDD or – 0V to 250mV ■ Data register (DR) which contains the results ■ Conversion complete status flag ■ On/off bit (to reduce consumption) ■ Fixed gain operational amplifier (x8) (not available on ST7LITES5 devices) Figure 43. ADC Block Diagram fCPU DIV 2 DIV 4 fADC 1 0 0 1 SLOW (ADCAMP Register) bit 0 7 EOC SPEED ADON 0 0 CH2 CH1 CH0 ADCCSR 3 AIN0 HOLD CONTROL AIN1 ANALOG MUX x 1 or x8 RADC ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CADC AINx AMPSEL bit (ADCAMP Register) ADCDR 68/122 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d) 11.4.3.3 Digital A/D Conversion Result The conversion is monotonic, meaning that the result never decreases if the analog input does not and never increases if the analog input does not. If the input voltage (VAIN) is greater than or equal to V DDA (high-level voltage reference) then the conversion result in the DR register is FFh (full scale) without overflow indication. If input voltage (VAIN) is lower than or equal to VSSA (low-level voltage reference) then the conversion result in the DR register is 00h. The A/D converter is linear and the digital result of the conversion is stored in the ADCDR register. The accuracy of the conversion is described in the parametric section. RAIN is the maximum recommended impedance for an analog input signal. If the impedance is too high, this will result in a loss of accuracy due to leakage and sampling not being completed in the alloted time. 11.4.3.4 A/D Conversion Phases The A/D conversion is based on two conversion phases as shown in Figure 44: ■ Sample capacitor loading [duration: tSAMPLE] During this phase, the VAIN input voltage to be measured is loaded into the CADC sample capacitor. ■ A/D conversion [duration: tHOLD] During this phase, the A/D conversion is computed (8 successive approximations cycles) and the CADC sample capacitor is disconnected from the analog input pin to get the optimum analog to digital conversion accuracy. ■ The total conversion time: tCONV = tSAMPLE + tHOLD While the ADC is on, these two phases are continuously repeated. At the end of each conversion, the sample capacitor is kept loaded with the previous measurement load. The advantage of this behaviour is that it minimizes the current consumption on the analog pin in case of single input channel measurement. 11.4.3.5 Software Procedure Refer to the control/status register (CSR) and data register (DR) in Section 11.4.6 for the bit definitions and to Figure 44 for the timings. ADC Configuration The analog input ports must be configured as input, no pull-up, no interrupt. Refer to the «I/O ports» chapter. Using these pins as analog inputs does not affect the ability of the port to be read as a logic input. In the CSR register: – Select the CH[2:0] bits to assign the analog channel to be converted. ADC Conversion In the CSR register: – Set the ADON bit to enable the A/D converter and to start the first conversion. From this time on, the ADC performs a continuous conversion of the selected channel. When a conversion is complete – The EOC bit is set by hardware. – No interrupt is generated. – The result is in the DR register and remains valid until the next conversion has ended. A write to the ADCCSR register (with ADON set) aborts the current conversion, resets the EOC bit and starts a new conversion. Figure 44. ADC Conversion Timings ADON tCONV ADCCSR WRITE OPERATION tHOLD HOLD CONTROL tSAMPLE EOC BIT SET 11.4.4 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on A/D Converter A/D Converter disabled. After wakeup from Halt mode, the A/D Converter requires a stabilization time before accurate conversions can be performed. Note: The A/D converter may be disabled by resetting the ADON bit. This feature allows reduced power consumption when no conversion is needed and between single shot conversions. 11.4.5 Interrupts None 69/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d) 11.4.6 Register Description DATA REGISTER (ADCDAT) Read Only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (ADCCSR) Read /Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 EOC SPEED ADON 0 0 CH2 CH1 0 7 CH0 D7 Bit 7 = EOC Conversion Complete This bit is set by hardware. It is cleared by software reading the result in the DR register or writing to the CSR register. 0: Conversion is not complete 1: Conversion can be read from the DR register Bit 6 = SPEED ADC clock selection This bit is set and cleared by software. It is used together with the SLOW bit to configure the ADC clock speed. Refer to the table in the SLOW bit description. 0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Bits 7:0 = D[7:0] Analog Converted Value This register contains the converted analog value in the range 00h to FFh. Note: Reading this register reset the EOC flag. AMPLIFIER CONTROL REGISTER (ADCAMP) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 Bit 5 = ADON A/D Converter and Amplifier On This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: A/D converter and amplifier are switched off 1: A/D converter and amplifier are switched on Note: Amplifier not available on ST7LITES5 devices Bit 4:3 = Reserved. must always be cleared. Bits 2:0 = CH[2:0] Channel Selection These bits are set and cleared by software. They select the analog input to convert. Channel Pin1 CH2 CH1 CH0 AIN0 AIN1 AIN2 AIN3 AIN4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Notes: 1. The number of pins AND the channel selection varies according to the device. Refer to the device pinout. 2. A write to the ADCCSR register (with ADON set) aborts the current conversion, resets the EOC bit and starts a new conversion. 70/122 1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 SLOW AMPSEL 0 0 Bit 7:4 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0. Bit 3 = SLOW Slow mode This bit is set and cleared by software. It is used together with the SPEED bit to configure the ADC clock speed as shown on the table below. fADC fCPU/2 fCPU fCPU/4 SLOW SPEED 0 0 1 0 1 x Bit 2 = AMPSEL Amplifier Selection Bit This bit is set and cleared by software. For ST7LITES5 devices, this bit must be kept at its reset value (0). 0: Amplifier is not selected 1: Amplifier is selected Note: When AMPSEL=1 it is mandatory that fADC be less than or equal to 2 MHz. Bit 1:0 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0. Note: If ADC settings are changed by writing the ADCAMP register while the ADC is running, a dummy conversion is needed before obtaining results with the new settings. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Table 17. ADC Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 34h ADCCSR Reset Value EOC 0 SPEED 0 ADON 0 0 0 CH2 0 CH1 0 CH0 0 35h ADCDAT Reset Value D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 0 D2 0 D1 0 D0 0 36h ADCAMP Reset Value 0 0 0 0 SLOW AMPSEL 0 0 0 0 (Hex.) 71/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12 INSTRUCTION SET 12.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES The ST7 Core features 17 different addressing modes which can be classified in 7 main groups: Addressing Mode Example Inherent nop Immediate ld A,#$55 Direct ld A,$55 Indexed ld A,($55,X) Indirect ld A,([$55],X) Relative jrne loop Bit operation bset byte,#5 The ST7 Instruction set is designed to minimize the number of bytes required per instruction: To do so, most of the addressing modes may be subdivided in two sub-modes called long and short: – Long addressing mode is more powerful because it can use the full 64 Kbyte address space, however it uses more bytes and more CPU cycles. – Short addressing mode is less powerful because it can generally only access page zero (0000h 00FFh range), but the instruction size is more compact, and faster. All memory to memory instructions use short addressing modes only (CLR, CPL, NEG, BSET, BRES, BTJT, BTJF, INC, DEC, RLC, RRC, SLL, SRL, SRA, SWAP) The ST7 Assembler optimizes the use of long and short addressing modes. Table 18. ST7 Addressing Mode Overview Mode Syntax Pointer Address (Hex.) Destination/ Source Pointer Size (Hex.) Length (Bytes) Inherent nop +0 Immediate ld A,#$55 +1 Short Direct ld A,$10 00..FF +1 Long Direct ld A,$1000 0000..FFFF +2 No Offset Direct Indexed ld A,(X) 00..FF + 0 (with X register) + 1 (with Y register) Short Direct Indexed ld A,($10,X) 00..1FE +1 Long Direct Indexed Short Indirect ld A,($1000,X) 0000..FFFF ld A,[$10] 00..FF +2 00..FF byte +2 Long Indirect ld A,[$10.w] 0000..FFFF 00..FF word +2 Short Indirect Indexed ld A,([$10],X) 00..1FE 00..FF byte +2 Long Indirect Indexed ld A,([$10.w],X) 0000..FFFF 00..FF word +2 00..FF byte 00..FF byte 1) Relative Direct jrne loop PC-128/PC+127 Relative Indirect jrne [$10] PC-128/PC+1271) Bit Direct bset $10,#7 00..FF Bit Indirect bset [$10],#7 00..FF Bit Direct Relative btjt $10,#7,skip 00..FF Bit Indirect Relative btjt [$10],#7,skip 00..FF +1 +2 +1 +2 +2 00..FF byte +3 Note 1. At the time the instruction is executed, the Program Counter (PC) points to the instruction following JRxx. 72/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d) 12.1.1 Inherent All Inherent instructions consist of a single byte. The opcode fully specifies all the required information for the CPU to process the operation. Inherent Instruction Function NOP No operation TRAP S/W Interrupt WFI Wait For Interrupt (Low Power Mode) HALT Halt Oscillator (Lowest Power Mode) RET Sub-routine Return IRET Interrupt Sub-routine Return SIM Set Interrupt Mask RIM Reset Interrupt Mask SCF Set Carry Flag RCF Reset Carry Flag RSP Reset Stack Pointer LD Load CLR Clear PUSH/POP Push/Pop to/from the stack INC/DEC Increment/Decrement TNZ Test Negative or Zero CPL, NEG 1 or 2 Complement MUL Byte Multiplication SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC, RRC Shift and Rotate Operations SWAP Swap Nibbles 12.1.2 Immediate Immediate instructions have two bytes, the first byte contains the opcode, the second byte contains the operand value. Immediate Instruction Function LD Load CP Compare BCP Bit Compare AND, OR, XOR Logical Operations ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC Arithmetic Operations 12.1.3 Direct In Direct instructions, the operands are referenced by their memory address. The direct addressing mode consists of two submodes: Direct (short) The address is a byte, thus requires only one byte after the opcode, but only allows 00 - FF addressing space. Direct (long) The address is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, but requires 2 bytes after the opcode. 12.1.4 Indexed (No Offset, Short, Long) In this mode, the operand is referenced by its memory address, which is defined by the unsigned addition of an index register (X or Y) with an offset. The indirect addressing mode consists of three sub-modes: Indexed (No Offset) There is no offset, (no extra byte after the opcode), and allows 00 - FF addressing space. Indexed (Short) The offset is a byte, thus requires only one byte after the opcode and allows 00 - 1FE addressing space. Indexed (long) The offset is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space and requires 2 bytes after the opcode. 12.1.5 Indirect (Short, Long) The required data byte to do the operation is found by its memory address, located in memory (pointer). The pointer address follows the opcode. The indirect addressing mode consists of two sub-modes: Indirect (short) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a byte, thus allowing 00 - FF addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. Indirect (long) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. 73/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d) 12.1.6 Indirect Indexed (Short, Long) This is a combination of indirect and short indexed addressing modes. The operand is referenced by its memory address, which is defined by the unsigned addition of an index register value (X or Y) with a pointer value located in memory. The pointer address follows the opcode. The indirect indexed addressing mode consists of two sub-modes: Indirect Indexed (Short) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a byte, thus allowing 00 - 1FE addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. Indirect Indexed (Long) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. Table 19. Instructions Supporting Direct, Indexed, Indirect and Indirect Indexed Addressing Modes Long and Short Instructions Function LD Load CP Compare AND, OR, XOR Logical Operations ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC Arithmetic Addition/subtraction operations BCP Bit Compare Short Instructions Only Function CLR Clear INC, DEC Increment/Decrement TNZ Test Negative or Zero CPL, NEG 1 or 2 Complement BSET, BRES Bit Operations BTJT, BTJF Bit Test and Jump Operations SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC, RRC Shift and Rotate Operations 74/122 1 SWAP Swap Nibbles CALL, JP Call or Jump subroutine 12.1.7 Relative Mode (Direct, Indirect) This addressing mode is used to modify the PC register value by adding an 8-bit signed offset to it. Available Relative Direct/ Indirect Instructions Function JRxx Conditional Jump CALLR Call Relative The relative addressing mode consists of two submodes: Relative (Direct) The offset follows the opcode. Relative (Indirect) The offset is defined in memory, of which the address follows the opcode. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 12.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS The ST7 family devices use an Instruction Set consisting of 63 instructions. The instructions may be subdivided into 13 main groups as illustrated in the following table: Load and Transfer LD CLR Stack operation PUSH POP Increment/Decrement INC DEC Compare and Tests CP TNZ BCP Logical operations AND OR XOR CPL NEG Bit Operation BSET BRES Conditional Bit Test and Branch BTJT BTJF Arithmetic operations ADC ADD SUB SBC MUL Shift and Rotates SLL SRL SRA RLC RRC SWAP SLA Unconditional Jump or Call JRA JRT JRF JP CALL CALLR NOP Conditional Branch JRxx Interruption management TRAP WFI HALT IRET Condition Code Flag modification SIM RIM SCF RCF Using a pre-byte The instructions are described with one to four bytes. In order to extend the number of available opcodes for an 8-bit CPU (256 opcodes), three different prebyte opcodes are defined. These prebytes modify the meaning of the instruction they precede. The whole instruction becomes: PC-2 End of previous instruction PC-1 Prebyte PC Opcode PC+1 Additional word (0 to 2) according to the number of bytes required to compute the effective address RSP RET These prebytes enable instruction in Y as well as indirect addressing modes to be implemented. They precede the opcode of the instruction in X or the instruction using direct addressing mode. The prebytes are: PDY 90 Replace an X based instruction using immediate, direct, indexed, or inherent addressing mode by a Y one. PIX 92 Replace an instruction using direct, direct bit, or direct relative addressing mode to an instruction using the corresponding indirect addressing mode. It also changes an instruction using X indexed addressing mode to an instruction using indirect X indexed addressing mode. PIY 91 Replace an instruction using X indirect indexed addressing mode by a Y one. 75/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d) Mnemo Description Function/Example Dst Src H I N Z C ADC Add with Carry A=A+M+C A M H N Z C ADD Addition A=A+M A M H N Z C AND Logical And A=A.M A M N Z BCP Bit compare A, Memory tst (A . M) A M N Z BRES Bit Reset bres Byte, #3 M BSET Bit Set bset Byte, #3 M BTJF Jump if bit is false (0) btjf Byte, #3, Jmp1 M C BTJT Jump if bit is true (1) btjt Byte, #3, Jmp1 M C CALL Call subroutine CALLR Call subroutine relative CLR Clear CP Arithmetic Compare tst(Reg - M) reg reg, M CPL One Complement A = FFH-A DEC Decrement dec Y HALT Halt IRET Interrupt routine return Pop CC, A, X, PC INC Increment inc X JP Absolute Jump jp [TBL.w] JRA Jump relative always JRT Jump relative JRF Never jump JRIH Jump if ext. interrupt = 1 JRIL Jump if ext. interrupt = 0 JRH Jump if H = 1 H=1? JRNH Jump if H = 0 H=0? JRM Jump if I = 1 I=1? JRNM Jump if I = 0 I=0? JRMI Jump if N = 1 (minus) N=1? JRPL Jump if N = 0 (plus) N=0? JREQ Jump if Z = 1 (equal) Z=1? JRNE Jump if Z = 0 (not equal) Z=0? JRC Jump if C = 1 C=1? JRNC Jump if C = 0 C=0? JRULT Jump if C = 1 Unsigned < JRUGE Jump if C = 0 Jmp if unsigned >= JRUGT Jump if (C + Z = 0) Unsigned > 76/122 1 0 1 N Z C reg, M N Z 1 reg, M N Z N Z N Z M 0 jrf * H reg, M I C ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d) Mnemo Description Function/Example Dst Src JRULE Jump if (C + Z = 1) Unsigned <= LD Load dst <= src reg, M M, reg MUL Multiply X,A = X * A A, X, Y X, Y, A NEG Negate (2’s compl) neg $10 reg, M NOP No Operation OR OR operation A=A+M A M POP Pop from the Stack pop reg reg M pop CC CC M M reg, CC H I N Z N Z 0 H C 0 I N Z N Z N Z C C PUSH Push onto the Stack push Y RCF Reset carry flag C=0 RET Subroutine Return RIM Enable Interrupts I=0 RLC Rotate left true C C <= Dst <= C reg, M N Z C RRC Rotate right true C C => Dst => C reg, M N Z C RSP Reset Stack Pointer S = Max allowed SBC Subtract with Carry A=A-M-C N Z C SCF Set carry flag C=1 SIM Disable Interrupts I=1 SLA Shift left Arithmetic C <= Dst <= 0 reg, M N Z C SLL Shift left Logic C <= Dst <= 0 reg, M N Z C SRL Shift right Logic 0 => Dst => C reg, M 0 Z C SRA Shift right Arithmetic Dst7 => Dst => C reg, M N Z C SUB Subtraction A=A-M A N Z C SWAP SWAP nibbles Dst[7..4] <=> Dst[3..0] reg, M N Z TNZ Test for Neg & Zero tnz lbl1 N Z TRAP S/W trap S/W interrupt WFI Wait for Interrupt XOR Exclusive OR N Z 0 0 A M 1 1 M 1 0 A = A XOR M A M 77/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 13.1 PARAMETER CONDITIONS Unless otherwise specified, all voltages are referred to V SS. 13.1.1 Minimum and Maximum values Unless otherwise specified the minimum and maximum values are guaranteed in the worst conditions of ambient temperature, supply voltage and frequencies by tests in production on 100% of the devices with an ambient temperature at TA=25°C and TA=TAmax (given by the selected temperature range). Data based on characterization results, design simulation and/or technology characteristics are indicated in the table footnotes and are not tested in production. Based on characterization, the minimum and maximum values refer to sample tests and represent the mean value plus or minus three times the standard deviation (mean±3Σ). 13.1.2 Typical values Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C, VDD=5V (for the 4.5V≤VDD≤5.5V voltage range), VDD=3.75V (for the 3V≤VDD≤4.5V voltage range) and VDD=2.7V (for the 2.4V≤VDD≤3V voltage range). They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 13.1.3 Typical curves Unless otherwise specified, all typical curves are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 13.1.4 Loading capacitor The loading conditions used for pin parameter measurement are shown in Figure 45. Figure 45. Pin loading conditions ST7 PIN CL 78/122 1 13.1.5 Pin input voltage The input voltage measurement on a pin of the device is described in Figure 46. Figure 46. Pin input voltage ST7 PIN VIN ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Stresses above those listed as “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device under these condi13.2.1 Voltage Characteristics Symbol VDD - VSS VIN tions is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Ratings Maximum value Supply voltage 7.0 Input voltage on any pin 1) & 2) VSS-0.3 to VDD+0.3 VESD(HBM) Electrostatic discharge voltage (Human Body Model) VESD(MM) Electrostatic discharge voltage (Machine Model) Unit V see section 13.7.2 on page 91 13.2.2 Current Characteristics Symbol IVDD IVSS IIO IINJ(PIN) 2) & 4) Ratings Total current into VDD power lines (source) 100 Total current out of VSS ground lines (sink) 3) 100 Output current sunk by any standard I/O and control pin 25 Output current sunk by any high sink I/O pin 50 Output current source by any I/Os and control pin - 25 Injected current on RESET pin ±5 Injected current on any other ΣIINJ(PIN) 2) Maximum value 3) pin 5) & 6) Total injected current (sum of all I/O and control pins) 5) Unit mA ±5 ± 20 13.2.3 Thermal Characteristics Symbol TSTG TJ Ratings Storage temperature range Value Unit -65 to +150 °C Maximum junction temperature (see Section 14.2 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS) Notes: 1. Directly connecting the RESET and I/O pins to VDD or VSS could damage the device if an unintentional internal reset is generated or an unexpected change of the I/O configuration occurs (for example, due to a corrupted program counter). To guarantee safe operation, this connection has to be done through a pull-up or pull-down resistor (typical: 4.7kΩ for RESET, 10kΩ for I/Os). Unused I/O pins must be tied in the same way to VDD or VSS according to their reset configuration. 2. When the current limitation is not possible, the VIN absolute maximum rating must be respected, otherwise refer to IINJ(PIN) specification. A positive injection is induced by VIN>VDD while a negative injection is induced by VIN<VSS. 3. All power (VDD) and ground (VSS) lines must always be connected to the external supply. 4. Negative injection disturbs the analog performance of the device. In particular, it induces leakage currents throughout the device including the analog inputs. To avoid undesirable effects on the analog functions, care must be taken: - Analog input pins must have a negative injection less than 0.8 mA (assuming that the impedance of the analog voltage is lower than the specified limits) - Pure digital pins must have a negative injection less than 1.6mA. In addition, it is recommended to inject the current as far as possible from the analog input pins. 5. When several inputs are submitted to a current injection, the maximum ΣIINJ(PIN) is the absolute sum of the positive and negative injected currents (instantaneous values). These results are based on characterisation with ΣIINJ(PIN) maximum current injection on four I/O port pins of the device. 6. True open drain I/O port pins do not accept positive injection. 79/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.3 OPERATING CONDITIONS 13.3.1 General Operating Conditions: Suffix 6 Devices TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise specified. Symbol VDD fCLKIN Parameter Conditions Supply voltage External clock frequency on CLKIN pin Min Max fOSC = 8 MHz. max., TA = 0 to 70°C 2.4 5.5 fOSC = 8 MHz. max. 2.7 5.5 fOSC = 16 MHz. max. 3.3 5.5 0 16 0 8 VDD≥3.3V VDD≥2.4V, TA = 0 to +70°C VDD≥2.7V Unit V MHz Figure 47. fCLKIN Maximum Operating Frequency Versus VDD Supply Voltage FUNCTIONALITY GUARANTEED IN THIS AREA (UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED IN THE TABLES OF PARAMETRIC DATA) fCLKIN [MHz] 16 FUNCTIONALITY NOT GUARANTEED IN THIS AREA 8 FUNCTIONALITY GUARANTEED IN THIS AREA AT TA 0 to 70°C 4 1 0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V] 2.0 80/122 1 2.4 2.7 3.3 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.3.2 Operating Conditions with Low Voltage Detector (LVD) TA = -40 to 125°C, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Reset release threshold (VDD rise) High Threshold Med. Threshold Low Threshold 4.00 3.40 2.65 4.25 3.60 2.90 4.50 3.80 3.15 VIT-(LVD) Reset generation threshold (VDD fall) High Threshold Med. Threshold Low Threshold 3.80 3.20 2.40 4.05 3.40 2.70 4.30 3.65 2.90 Vhys LVD voltage threshold hysteresis VIT+(LVD)-VIT-(LVD) VtPOR tg(VDD) VDD rise time rate 1) IDD(LVD) LVD/AVD current consumption VIT+(LVD) Filtered glitch delay on VDD 200 20 V mV 20000 Not detected by the LVD Unit 150 200 µs/V ns µA Notes: 1. Not tested in production. The VDD rise time rate condition is needed to ensure a correct device power-on and LVD reset. When the VDD slope is outside these values, the LVD may not ensure a proper reset of the MCU. 13.3.3 Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD) Thresholds TA = -40 to 125°C, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions VIT+(AVD) 1=>0 AVDF flag toggle threshold (VDD rise) High Threshold Med. Threshold Low Threshold VIT-(AVD) 0=>1 AVDF flag toggle threshold (VDD fall) High Threshold Med. Threshold Low Threshold Vhys AVD voltage threshold hysteresis VIT+(AVD)-VIT-(AVD) ∆VIT- Voltage drop between AVD flag set and LVD reset activation VDD fall Min Typ Max 4.40 3.90 3.20 4.70 4.10 3.40 5.00 4.30 3.60 4.30 3.70 2.90 4.60 3.90 3.20 4.90 4.10 3.40 TBD Unit V 150 mV 0.45 V 13.3.4 Internal RC Oscillator and PLL The ST7 internal clock can be supplied by an internal RC oscillator and PLL (selectable by option byte). Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max VDD(RC) Internal RC Oscillator operating voltage 2.4 5.5 VDD(x4PLL) x4 PLL operating voltage 2.4 3.3 VDD(x8PLL) x8 PLL operating voltage 3.3 5.5 tSTARTUP PLL Startup time 60 Unit V PLL input clock (fPLL) cycles 81/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d) The RC oscillator and PLL characteristics are temperature-dependent and are grouped in four tables. 13.3.4.1 Devices with ‘”6” order code suffix (tested for TA = -40 to +85°C) @ VDD = 4.5 to 5.5V Symbol Parameter Conditions fRC Internal RC oscillator fre- RCCR = FF (reset value), TA=25°C,VDD=5V quency RCCR = RCCR02 ),TA=25°C,VDD=5V ACCRC Accuracy of Internal RC oscillator with RCCR=RCCR02) IDD(RC) Min Typ Max 760 Unit kHz 1000 TA=25°C,VDD=4.5 to 5.5V -1 +1 % TA=-40 to +85°C,VDD=5V TA=0 to +85°C,VDD=4.5 to 5.5V -5 +2 % -21) +21) % RC oscillator current conTA=25°C,VDD=5V sumption 9701) µA 102) µs tsu(RC) fPLL RC oscillator setup time tLOCK PLL Lock time5) 2 ms tSTAB PLL Stabilization time5) 4 ms fRC = 1MHz@TA=25°C,VDD=4.5 to 5.5V 0.14) % fRC = 1MHz@TA=-40 to +85°C,VDD=5V 0.14) % 83) kHz 13) % 6001) µA 11) x8 PLL input clock ACCPLL x8 PLL Accuracy tw(JIT) JITPLL PLL jitter period IDD(PLL) TA=25°C,VDD=5V fRC = 1MHz PLL jitter (∆fCPU/fCPU) PLL current consumption TA=25°C MHz Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production 2. RCCR0 is a factory-calibrated setting for 1000kHz with ±0.2 accuracy @ TA =25°C, VDD=5V. See “INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT” on page 23 3. Guaranteed by design. 4. Averaged over a 4ms period. After the LOCKED bit is set, a period of tSTAB is required to reach ACCPLL accuracy. 5. After the LOCKED bit is set ACCPLL is max. 10% until tSTAB has elapsed. See Figure 12 on page 24. 82/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d) 13.3.4.2 Devices with ‘”6” order code suffix (tested for TA = -40 to +85°C) @ VDD = 2.7 to 3.3V Symbol Parameter Conditions fRC Internal RC oscillator fre- RCCR = FF (reset value), TA=25°C, VDD= 3.0V quency RCCR=RCCR12) ,TA=25°C,VDD= 3V ACCRC Accuracy of Internal RC TA=25°C,VDD=3V oscillator when calibrated TA=25°C,VDD=2.7 to 3.3V with RCCR=RCCR11)2) TA=-40 to +85°C,VDD=3V IDD(RC) RC oscillator current conTA=25°C,VDD=3V sumption tsu(RC) RC oscillator setup time fPLL x4 PLL input clock tLOCK PLL Lock time5) tSTAB PLL Stabilization Min Typ -2 +2 % -25 +25 % 15 % -15 7001) ACCPLL x4 PLL Accuracy tw(JIT) PLL jitter period fRC = 1MHz JITPLL PLL jitter (∆fCPU/fCPU) IDD(PLL) PLL current consumption TA=25°C µA 102) 1 fRC = 1MHz@TA=25°C,VDD=2.7 to 3.3V fRC = 1MHz@TA=40 to +85°C,VDD= 3V Unit kHz 700 TA=25°C,VDD=3V time5) Max 560 1) µs MHz 2 ms 4 ms 0.14) % 0.14) % 83) kHz 13) % 1901) µA Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production 2. RCCR1 is a factory-calibrated setting for 700kHz with ±2% accuracy @ TA =25°C, VDD=3V. See “INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT” on page 23. 3. Guaranteed by design. 4. Averaged over a 4ms period. After the LOCKED bit is set, a period of tSTAB is required to reach ACCPLL accuracy 5. After the LOCKED bit is set ACCPLL is max. 10% until tSTAB has elapsed. See Figure 12 on page 24. 83/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d) 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 Figure 49. RC Osc Freq vs VDD (Calibrated with RCCR0: 5V@ 25°C) Output Freq. (MHz) Output Freq (MHz) Figure 48. RC Osc Freq vs VDD @ TA=25°C (Calibrated with RCCR1: 3V @ 25°C) 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 4 -45° 0° 25° 90° 105° 130° 2.5 3 3.5 VDD (V) 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 Vdd (V) Figure 50. Typical RC oscillator Accuracy vs temperature @ V DD=5V (Calibrated with RCCR0: 5V @ 25°C Figure 51. RC Osc Freq vs V DD and RCCR Value 1.80 2 0 Output Freq. (MHz) * 1 RC Accuracy 1.60 ( ) ( ) * -1 -2 -3 -4 ( ) * -5 -45 0 25 85 125 1.40 1.20 1.00 rccr=00h 0.80 rccr=64h 0.60 rccr=80h 0.40 rccr=C0h 0.20 rccr=FFh Temperature (°C) ( ) tested in production * 0.00 2.4 2.7 3 3.3 3.75 4 Vdd (V) 84/122 1 4.5 5 5.5 6 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d) Figure 52. PLL ∆fCPU/fCPU versus time ∆fCPU/fCPU Max t 0 Min tw(JIT) Figure 53. PLLx4 Output vs CLKIN frequency tw(JIT) Figure 54. PLLx8 Output vs CLKIN frequency 7.00 5.00 3.3 4.00 3 2.7 3.00 2.00 Output Frequency (MHz) Output Frequency (MHz) 11.00 6.00 9.00 7.00 5.5 5 5.00 4.5 4 3.00 1.00 1.00 1 1.5 2 2.5 External Input Clock Frequency (MHz) 3 0.85 0.9 1 1.5 2 2.5 External Input Clock Frequency (MHz) Note: fOSC = fCLKIN/2*PLL4 Note: fOSC = fCLKIN/2*PLL8 85/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.4 SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS The following current consumption specified for the ST7 functional operating modes over temperature range does not take into account the clock source current consumption. To get the total de13.4.1 Supply Current TA = -40 to +125°C unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions Supply current in RUN mode fCPU=8MHz 1) Supply current in WAIT mode VDD=5.5V IDD vice consumption, the two current values must be added (except for HALT mode for which the clock is stopped). Supply current in SLOW mode Supply current in SLOW WAIT mode Supply current in HALT mode Typ Max fCPU=8MHz 2) 4.50 1.75 7.00 2.70 fCPU=500kHz 3) 0.75 1.13 fCPU=500kHz 4) 0.65 1 -40°C≤TA≤+85°C 0.50 10 100 TA= +125°C 5 Unit mA µA Notes: 1. CPU running with memory access, all I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled. 2. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled. 3. SLOW mode selected with fCPU based on fOSC divided by 32. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled. 4. SLOW-WAIT mode selected with fCPU based on fOSC divided by 32. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled. Figure 55. Typical IDD in RUN vs. fCPU 5.0 3.0 8MHz 0.80 4MHz 0.70 1MHz 0.60 Idd (mA) Idd (mA) 4.0 Figure 56. Typical IDD in SLOW vs. fCPU 2.0 1.0 0.50 500kHz 0.40 250kHz 0.30 125kHz 0.20 0.0 0.10 2.4 2.7 3.7 4.5 5 5.5 0.00 Vdd (V) 2.4 2.7 3.7 4.5 5 5.5 VDD (V) Figure 57. Typical IDD in WAIT vs. f CPU 1.5 8MHz 0.70 4MHz 0.60 0.50 1MHz Idd (mA) Idd (mA) 2.0 Figure 58. Typical IDD in SLOW-WAIT vs. fCPU 1.0 0.5 500kHz 0.40 250kHz 0.30 125kHz 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.0 2.4 2.7 3.7 4.5 Vdd (V) 86/122 1 5 5.5 2.4 2.7 3.7 Vdd (V) 4.5 5 5.5 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 59. Typical IDD vs. Temperature at V DD = 5V and fCPU = 8MHz Idd (mA) 5.00 4.50 4.00 RUN 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 WAIT SLOW SLOW WAIT -45 25 90 130 Temperature (°C) 13.4.2 On-chip peripherals Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ fCPU=4MHz VDD=3.0V 50 fCPU=8MHz VDD=5.0V 150 VDD=3.0V 50 300 IDD(AT) 12-bit Auto-Reload Timer supply current 1) IDD(SPI) SPI supply current 2) fCPU=4MHz fCPU=8MHz IDD(ADC) ADC supply current when converting 3) fADC=4MHz VDD=5.0V VDD=3.0V 780 VDD=5.0V 1100 Unit µA 1. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration (timer stopped) and a timer running in PWM mode at fcpu=8MHz. 2. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration and a permanent SPI master communication (data sent equal to 55h). 3. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration and continuous A/D conversions with amplifier off. 87/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.5 CLOCK AND TIMING CHARACTERISTICS Subject to general operating conditions for V DD, fOSC, and TA. 13.5.1 General Timings Symbol tc(INST) tv(IT) Parameter 1 Instruction cycle time Interrupt reaction time tv(IT) = ∆tc(INST) + 10 Conditions fCPU=8MHz 3) fCPU=8MHz Min Typ 2) Max Unit 2 3 12 tCPU 250 375 1500 ns 10 22 tCPU 1.25 2.75 µs Notes: 1. Guaranteed by Design. Not tested in production. 2. Data based on typical application software. 3. Time measured between interrupt event and interrupt vector fetch. Dtc(INST) is the number of tCPU cycles needed to finish the current instruction execution. 88/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.6 MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS TA = -40°C to 125°C, unless otherwise specified 13.6.1 RAM and Hardware Registers Symbol VRM Parameter Data retention mode 1) Conditions HALT mode (or RESET) Min Typ Max 1.6 Unit V 13.6.2 FLASH Program Memory Symbol VDD tprog Parameter Min Programming time for 1~32 bytes 2) Programming time for 1.5 kBytes 4) tRET Data retention Write erase cycles Supply current Typ 2.4 Operating voltage for Flash write/erase NRW IDD Conditions TA=−40 to +85°C TA=+25°C TA =+55°C3) Max Unit 5.5 V 5 10 ms 0.24 0.48 s 20 years 10K 7) TA=+25°C Read / Write / Erase modes fCPU = 8MHz, VDD = 5.5V No Read/No Write Mode Power down mode / HALT cycles 0 2.6 6) mA 100 0.1 µA µA 13.6.3 EEPROM Data Memory Symbol tprog tret NRW Parameter Conditions Programming time for 1~32 bytes TA=−40 to +85°C Data retention 4) TA=+55°C 3) Write erase cycles TA=+25°C Min 20 300K 7) Typ Max 5 10 Unit ms years cycles Notes: 1. Minimum VDD supply voltage without losing data stored in RAM (in HALT mode or under RESET) or in hardware registers (only in HALT mode). Guaranteed by construction, not tested in production. 2. Up to 32 bytes can be programmed at a time. 3. The data retention time increases when the TA decreases. 4. Data based on reliability test results and monitored in production. 5. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 6. Guaranteed by Design. Not tested in production. 7. Design target value pending full product characterization. 89/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.7 EMC CHARACTERISTICS Susceptibility tests are performed on a sample basis during product characterization. 13.7.1 Functional EMS (Electro Magnetic Susceptibility) Based on a simple running application on the product (toggling 2 LEDs through I/O ports), the product is stressed by two electro magnetic events until a failure occurs (indicated by the LEDs). ESD: Electro-Static Discharge (positive and negative) is applied on all pins of the device until a functional disturbance occurs. This test conforms with the IEC 1000-4-2 standard. ■ FTB: A Burst of Fast Transient voltage (positive and negative) is applied to V DD and VSS through a 100pF capacitor, until a functional disturbance occurs. This test conforms with the IEC 1000-44 standard. A device reset allows normal operations to be resumed. ■ Symbol Parameter Conditions Neg 1) Pos 1) VFESD Voltage limits to be applied on any I/O pin to induce a functional disturbance VDD=5V, TA=+25°C, fOSC=8MHz conforms to IEC 1000-4-2 -0.7 >1.5 VFFTB Fast transient voltage burst limits to be apVDD=5V, TA=+25°C, fOSC=8MHz plied through 100pF on VDD and VDD pins conforms to IEC 1000-4-4 to induce a functional disturbance -1.2 1.2 Unit kV Figure 60. EMC Recommended power supply connection 2) ST72XXX 10µF 0.1µF ST7 DIGITAL NOISE FILTERING VDD VSS VDD Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2. The suggested 10µF and 0.1µF decoupling capacitors on the power supply lines are proposed as a good price vs. EMC performance tradeoff. They have to be put as close as possible to the device power supply pins. Other EMC recommendations are given in other sections (I/Os, RESET, OSCx pin characteristics). 90/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE EMC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) 13.7.2 Absolute Electrical Sensitivity Based on three different tests (ESD, LU and DLU) using specific measurement methods, the product is stressed in order to determine its performance in terms of electrical sensitivity. For more details, refer to the AN1181 ST7 application note. 13.7.2.1 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Electro-Static Discharges (3 positive then 3 negative pulses separated by 1 second) are applied to the pins of each sample according to each pin combination. The sample size depends of the number of supply pins of the device (3 parts*(n+1) supply pin). Two models are usually simulated: Human Body Model and Machine Model. This test conforms to the JESD22-A114A/A115A standard. See Figure 61 and the following test sequences. Machine Model Test Sequence – CL is loaded through S1 by the HV pulse generator. – S1 switches position from generator to ST7. – A discharge from CL to the ST7 occurs. – S2 must be closed 10 to 100ms after the pulse delivery period to ensure the ST7 is not left in charge state. S2 must be opened at least 10ms prior to the delivery of the next pulse. – R (machine resistance), in series with S2, ensures a slow discharge of the ST7. Human Body Model Test Sequence – C L is loaded through S1 by the HV pulse generator. – S1 switches position from generator to R. – A discharge from CL through R (body resistance) to the ST7 occurs. – S2 must be closed 10 to 100ms after the pulse delivery period to ensure the ST7 is not left in charge state. S2 must be opened at least 10ms prior to the delivery of the next pulse. Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Ratings Maximum value 1) Unit Conditions VESD(HBM) Electro-static discharge voltage (Human Body Model) TA=+25°C 4000 VESD(MM) Electro-static discharge voltage (Machine Model) TA=+25°C TBD V Figure 61. Typical Equivalent ESD Circuits S1 CL=100pF ST7 S2 HIGH VOLTAGE PULSE GENERATOR ST7 CL=200pF HUMAN BODY MODEL R=10k~10MΩ HIGH VOLTAGE PULSE GENERATOR S1 R=1500Ω S2 MACHINE MODEL Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 91/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE EMC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) 13.7.2.2 Static and Dynamic Latch-Up ■ LU: 3 complementary static tests are required on 10 parts to assess the latch-up performance. A supply overvoltage (applied to each power supply pin), a current injection (applied to each input, output and configurable I/O pin) and a power supply switch sequence are performed on each sample. This test conforms to the EIA/ JESD 78 IC latch-up standard. For more details, refer to the AN1181 ST7 application note. ■ DLU: Electro-Static Discharges (one positive then one negative test) are applied to each pin of 3 samples when the micro is running to assess the latch-up performance in dynamic mode. Power supplies are set to the typical values, the oscillator is connected as near as possible to the pins of the micro and the component is put in reset mode. This test conforms to the IEC1000-4-2 and SAEJ1752/3 standards and is described in Figure 62. For more details, refer to the AN1181 ST7 application note. Electrical Sensitivities Symbol LU DLU Parameter Class 1) Conditions Static latch-up class TA=+25°C TA=+85°C A A Dynamic latch-up class VDD=5.5V, fOSC=4MHz, TA=+25°C A Figure 62. Simplified Diagram of the ESD Generator for DLU RCH=50MΩ RD=330Ω DISCHARGE TIP VDD VSS CS=150pF ESD GENERATOR 2) HV RELAY ST7 DISCHARGE RETURN CONNECTION Notes: 1. Class description: A Class is an STMicroelectronics internal specification. All its limits are higher than the JEDEC specifications, that means when a device belongs to Class A it exceeds the JEDEC standard. B Class strictly covers all the JEDEC criteria (international standard). 2. Schaffner NSG435 with a pointed test finger. 92/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE EMC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) 13.7.3 ESD Pin Protection Strategy To protect an integrated circuit against ElectroStatic Discharge the stress must be controlled to prevent degradation or destruction of the circuit elements. The stress generally affects the circuit elements which are connected to the pads but can also affect the internal devices when the supply pads receive the stress. The elements to be protected must not receive excessive current, voltage or heating within their structure. An ESD network combines the different input and output ESD protections. This network works, by allowing safe discharge paths for the pins subjected to ESD stress. Two critical ESD stress cases are presented in Figure 63 and Figure 64 for standard pins. Standard Pin Protection To protect the output structure the following elements are added: – A diode to VDD (3a) and a diode from VSS (3b) – A protection device between VDD and V SS (4) To protect the input structure the following elements are added: – A resistor in series with the pad (1) – A diode to VDD (2a) and a diode from VSS (2b) – A protection device between VDD and V SS (4) Figure 63. Positive Stress on a Standard Pad vs. VSS VDD VDD (3a) (2a) (1) OUT (4) IN Main path (3b) Path to avoid (2b) VSS VSS Figure 64. Negative Stress on a Standard Pad vs. VDD VDD VDD (3a) (2a) (1) OUT (4) IN Main path (3b) VSS (2b) VSS 93/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.8 I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS 13.8.1 General Characteristics Subject to general operating conditions for V DD, fOSC, and TA unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max VIL Input low level voltage VIH Input high level voltage Vhys Schmitt trigger voltage hysteresis 1) IL Input leakage current VSS≤VIN≤VDD ±1 IS Static current consumption 2) Floating input mode 200 RPU Weak pull-up equivalent resistor3) VIN=VSS CIO I/O pin capacitance 0.3xVDD 0.7xVDD 400 VDD=5V 50 VDD=3V 120 160 5 tf(IO)out Output high to low level fall time 1) tr(IO)out Output low to high level rise time 1) tw(IT)in External interrupt pulse time 4) Unit V mV 250 µA kΩ pF 25 CL=50pF Between 10% and 90% ns 25 1 tCPU Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2. Configuration not recommended, all unused pins must be kept at a fixed voltage: using the output mode of the I/O for example or an external pull-up or pull-down resistor (see Figure 65). Data based on design simulation and/or technology characteristics, not tested in production. 3. The RPU pull-up equivalent resistor is based on a resistive transistor (corresponding IPU current characteristics described in Figure 66). 4. To generate an external interrupt, a minimum pulse width has to be applied on an I/O port pin configured as an external interrupt source. Figure 65. Two typical Applications with unused I/O Pin VDD ST7XXX 10kΩ 10kΩ UNUSED I/O PORT UNUSED I/O PORT ST7XXX Note: only external pull-up allowed on ICCCLK pin Figure 66. Typical IPU vs. VDD with V IN=VSS l 90 Ta=1 40°C 80 Ta=9 5°C 70 Ta=2 5°C Ta=-45 °C Ip u(uA ) 60 50 TO BE CHARACTERIZED 40 30 20 10 0 2 94/122 1 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 Vdd(V) 5 5.5 6 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) 13.8.2 Output Driving Current Subject to general operating conditions for V DD, fCPU, and TA unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Output low level voltage for a standard I/O pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time (see Figure 70) Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time (see Figure 72) 1.0 1.2 IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.4 0.5 IIO=+20mA,TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 1.3 1.5 IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.75 0.85 Output high level voltage for an I/O pin when 4 pins are sourced at same time Output low level voltage for a standard I/O pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time VOL 1)3) (see Figure 68) Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time Output high level voltage for an I/O pin VOH 2)3) when 4 pins are sourced at same time (see Figure 75) VDD=3.3V IIO=-2mA Output low level voltage for a standard I/O pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time VOL 1)3) (see Figure 69) Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time VOH 2)3) Max Unit IIO=-5mA, TA≤85°C VDD-1.5 TA≥85°C VDD-1.6 Output high level voltage for an I/O pin when 4 pins are sourced at same time (see Figure 78) VDD=2.7V VOH 2) VDD=5V VOL 1) Min IIO=+5mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C T A≤85°C VDD-0.8 TA≥85°C VDD-1.0 IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.5 0.6 IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.5 0.6 IIO=-2mA T A≤85°C VDD-0.8 TA≥85°C VDD-1.0 IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.6 0.7 IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.6 0.7 IIO=-2mA V T A≤85°C VDD-0.9 TA≥85°C VDD-1.0 Notes: 1. The IIO current sunk must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in Section 13.2.2 and the sum of IIO (I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVSS. 2. The IIO current sourced must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in Section 13.2.2 and the sum of IIO (I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVDD. True open drain I/O pins does not have VOH. 3. Not tested in production, based on characterization results. Figure 67. Typical VOL at VDD=2.4V (standard) Figure 68. Typical VOL at VDD=2.7V (standard) 0.60 0.70 0.50 0.50 -45 0°C 0.40 0.30 TO BE CHARACTERIZED 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.20 VOL at VDD=2.7V VOL at VDD=2.4V 0.60 0.40 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.01 1 lio (mA) 2 0.01 1 2 lio (mA) 95/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 69. Typical VOL at VDD=3.3V (standard) Figure 70. Typical VOL at VDD=5V (standard) 0.70 0.80 0.60 VOL at VDD=5V VOL at VDD=3.3V 0.70 0.50 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.60 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.01 1 2 3 4 5 lio (mA) 0.00 0.01 1 2 3 lio (mA) Figure 71. Typical VOL at VDD=2.4V (high-sink) Figure 73. Typical VOL at VDD=3V (high-sink) 1.00 1.20 VOL at VDD=2.4V (HS) 0.80 0.70 -45 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 Vol (V) at VDD=3V (HS) 0.90 1.00 0.80 -45 0°C 0.60 25°C 90°C 0.40 130°C 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.00 6 7 8 9 6 10 lio (mA) 2.50 Vol (V) at VDD=5V (HS) 2.00 -45 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 7 8 9 10 15 lio (mA) 96/122 1 8 9 lio (mA) Figure 72. Typical VOL at VDD=5V (high-sink) 6 7 20 25 30 35 40 10 15 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 76. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=3V Figure 74. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=2.4V 1.60 1.60 1.40 1.20 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 1.00 0.80 0.60 VDD-VOH at VDD=3V VDD-VOH at VDD=2.4V 1.40 0.40 1.20 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -1 -0.01 -2 -1 -3 Figure 77. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=4V Figure 75. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=2.7V 1.20 2.50 1.00 2.00 0.80 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.60 0.40 VDD-VOH at VDD=4V VDD-VOH at VDD=2.7V -2 lio (mA) lio (mA) -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.20 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -1 -0.01 -2 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 lio (mA) lio(mA) Figure 78. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=5V 2.00 VDD-VOH at VDD=5V 1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 TO BE CHARACTERIZED 0.80 0.60 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.01 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 lio (mA) 97/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 79. Typical VOL vs. VDD (standard I/Os) 0.70 0.06 0.50 -45 0.40 0°C 25°C 0.30 90°C 130°C 0.20 Vol (V) at lio=0.01mA Vol (V) at lio=2mA 0.60 0.10 0.00 0.05 -45 0.04 0°C 25°C 0.03 90°C 0.02 130°C 0.01 0.00 2.4 2.7 3.3 5 2.4 2.7 VDD (V) 3.3 5 VDD (V) Figure 80. Typical VOL vs. VDD (high-sink I/Os) 1.00 0.60 0.50 -45 0.40 0°C 25°C 0.30 90°C 130°C 0.20 0.10 VOL vs VDD (HS) at lio=20mA VOL vs VDD (HS) at lio=8mA 0.70 0.90 0.80 0.70 -45 0.60 0°C 0.50 25°C 0.40 90°C 0.30 0.20 130°C 0.10 0.00 0.00 2.4 3 2.4 5 3 5 VDD (V) VDD (V) Figure 81. Typical VDD-VOH vs. VDD 1.80 1.10 VDD-VOH at lio=-5mA 1.60 1.50 -45°C 0°C 25°C 90°C 130°C 1.40 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.00 VDD-VOH (V) at lio=-2mA 1.70 1.00 0.90 -45°C 0.80 0°C 25°C 0.70 90°C 130°C 0.60 0.50 0.90 0.40 0.80 4 5 VDD 98/122 1 2.4 2.7 3 VDD (V) 4 5 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.9 CONTROL PIN CHARACTERISTICS 13.9.1 Asynchronous RESET Pin TA = -40°C to 125°C, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions VIL Input low level voltage VIH Input high level voltage Vhys Schmitt trigger voltage hysteresis 1) VOL RON Min Typ Max Unit 0.3xVDD V 0.7xVDD Output low level voltage 2) 1 VDD=5V Pull-up equivalent resistor 3) 1) tw(RSTL)out Generated reset pulse duration V IIO=+5mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.5 1.0 1.2 IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C TA≥85°C 0.2 0.4 0.5 40 80 VDD=5V 20 VDD=3V V kΩ TBD Internal reset sources th(RSTL)in External reset pulse hold time 4) µs 30 µs 20 tg(RSTL)in Filtered glitch duration 5) 200 ns Figure 82. Typical Application with RESET pin 6)7)8) Recommended if LVD is disabled VDD USER EXTERNAL RESET CIRCUIT 5) VDD VDD 0.01µF ST72XXX RON INTERNAL 4.7kΩ RESET Filter 0.01µF PULSE GENERATOR WATCHDOG LVD RESET Required if LVD is disabled Notes: 1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2. The IIO current sunk must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in Section 13.2.2 and the sum of IIO (I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVSS. 3. The RON pull-up equivalent resistor is based on a resistive transistor. Specfied for voltages on RESET pin between VILmax and VDD 4. To guarantee the reset of the device, a minimum pulse has to be applied to the RESET pin. All short pulses applied on RESET pin with a duration below th(RSTL)in can be ignored. 5. The reset network protects the device against parasitic resets. 6. The output of the external reset circuit must have an open-drain output to drive the ST7 reset pad. Otherwise the device can be damaged when the ST7 generates an internal reset (LVD or watchdog). 7. Whatever the reset source is (internal or external), the user must ensure that the level on the RESET pin can go below the VIL max. level specified in section 13.9.1 on page 99. Otherwise the reset will not be taken into account internally. 8. Because the reset circuit is designed to allow the internal RESET to be output in the RESET pin, the user must ensure that the current sunk on the RESET pin (by an external pull-p for example) is less than the absolute maximum value specified for IINJ(RESET) in section 13.2.2 on page 79. 99/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.10 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 13.10.1 SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface Subject to general operating conditions for V DD, fOSC, and TA unless otherwise specified. Symbol Refer to I/O port characteristics for more details on the input/output alternate function characteristics (SS, SCK, MOSI, MISO). Parameter Conditions Master fSCK 1/tc(SCK) fCPU=8MHz SPI clock frequency Slave fCPU=8MHz Min Max fCPU/128 0.0625 fCPU/42 0 fCPU/24 tr(SCK) tf(SCK) SPI clock rise and fall time tsu(SS) SS setup time th(SS) tw(SCKH) tw(SCKL) SS hold time Slave 120 SCK high and low time Master Slave 100 90 Data input setup time Master Slave 100 100 Data input hold time Master Slave 100 100 Data output access time Slave 0 Data output disable time Slave tsu(MI) tsu(SI) th(MI) th(SI) ta(SO) tdis(SO) tv(SO) Data output valid time th(SO) tv(MO) Data output hold time th(MO) Data output hold time Unit MHz see I/O port pin description Slave 120 120 240 120 Slave (after enable edge) Data output valid time ns 0 Master (before capture edge) 0.25 tCPU 0.25 Figure 83. SPI Slave Timing Diagram with CPHA=0 3) SS INPUT SCK INPUT tsu(SS) tc(SCK) th(SS) CPHA=0 CPOL=0 CPHA=0 CPOL=1 ta(SO) MISO OUTPUT tw(SCKH) tw(SCKL) MSB OUT see note 2 tsu(SI) MOSI INPUT tv(SO) th(SO) BIT6 OUT tdis(SO) tr(SCK) tf(SCK) LSB OUT see note 2 th(SI) MSB IN BIT1 IN LSB IN Notes: 1. Data based on design simulation and/or characterisation results, not tested in production. 2. When no communication is on-going the data output line of the SPI (MOSI in master mode, MISO in slave mode) has its alternate function capability released. In this case, the pin status depends on the I/O port configuration. 3. Measurement points are done at CMOS levels: 0.3xVDD and 0.7xVDD. 100/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 84. SPI Slave Timing Diagram with CPHA=11) SS INPUT SCK INPUT tsu(SS) tc(SCK) th(SS) CPHA=0 CPOL=0 CPHA=0 CPOL=1 tw(SCKH) tw(SCKL) ta(SO) MISO OUTPUT see note 2 HZ tv(SO) th(SO) MSB OUT tsu(SI) BIT6 OUT LSB OUT see note 2 th(SI) MSB IN MOSI INPUT tdis(SO) tr(SCK) tf(SCK) BIT1 IN LSB IN Figure 85. SPI Master Timing Diagram 1) SS INPUT tc(SCK) SCK INPUT CPHA=0 CPOL=0 CPHA=0 CPOL=1 CPHA=1 CPOL=0 CPHA=1 CPOL=1 tw(SCKH) tw(SCKL) tsu(MI) MISO INPUT MOSI OUTPUT see note 2 th(MI) MSB IN tv(MO) tr(SCK) tf(SCK) BIT6 IN LSB IN th(MO) MSB OUT BIT6 OUT LSB OUT see note 2 Notes: 1. Measurement points are done at CMOS levels: 0.3xVDD and 0.7xVDD. 2. When no communication is on-going the data output line of the SPI (MOSI in master mode, MISO in slave mode) has its alternate function capability released. In this case, the pin status depends of the I/O port configuration. 101/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 13.11 8-BIT ADC CHARACTERISTICS TA = -40°C to 125°C, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter fADC ADC clock frequency VAIN Conversion voltage range Conditions RAIN External input resistor Internal sample and hold capacitor tSTAB Stabilization time after ADC enable Conversion time (tSAMPLE+tHOLD) Sample capacitor loading time VDD=5V Unit 4 MHz VDD V 1) kΩ 3 0 fCPU=8MHz, fADC=4MHz Hold conversion time pF 2) µs 3 4 1/fADC 8 Figure 86. RAIN max. vs fADC with CAIN=0pF3) Figure 87. Recommended CAIN/R AIN values4) 1000 45 40 Cain 10 nF 4 MHz 35 2 MHz 30 1 MHz 25 Cain 22 nF 100 Max. R AIN (Kohm) Max. R AIN (Kohm) Max 10 tCONV tHOLD Typ VSS CADC tSAMPLE Min 20 15 10 Cain 47 nF 10 1 5 0 0.1 0 10 30 0.01 70 0.1 CPARASITIC (pF) 1 10 f AIN(KHz) Figure 88. Typical Application with ADC VDD VT 0.6V RAIN 2kΩ(max) AINx VAIN CAIN VT 0.6V IL ±1µA 8-Bit A/D Conversion CADC 3pF ST72XXX Notes: 1. Any added external serial resistor will downgrade the ADC accuracy (especially for resistance greater than 10kΩ). Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2. The stabilization time of the AD converter is masked by the first tLOAD. The first conversion after the enable is then always valid. 3.CPARASITIC represents the capacitance of the PCB (dependent on soldering and PCB layout quality) plus the pad capacitance (3pF). A high CPARASITIC value will downgrade conversion accuracy. To remedy this, fADC should be reduced. 4. This graph shows that depending on the input signal variation (fAIN), CAIN can be increased for stabilization and to allow the use of a larger serial resistor (RAIN). It is valid for all fADC frequencies ≤ 4MHz. 102/122 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ADC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) 13.11.0.1 General PCB Design Guidelines To obtain best results, some general design and layout rules should be followed when designing the application PCB to shield the noise-sensitive, analog physical interface from noise-generating CMOS logic signals. – Properly place components and route the signal traces on the PCB to shield the analog inputs. Analog signals paths should run over the analog ground plane and be as short as possible. Isolate analog signals from digital signals that may switch while the analog inputs are being sampled by the A/D converter. Do not toggle digital outputs on the same I/O port as the A/D input being converted. ADC Accuracy TA = -40°C to 85°C, unless otherwise specified Symbol ET Parameter Total unadjusted Typ EO Offset Gain Error 2) Differential linearity error EL Integral linearity error 2) EO Offset error Gain Error 2) ±1 Differential linearity error EL Integral linearity error 2) LSB 1) ±11) 2) ED ±1 2) ±2 2) EG Unit -0.5 / +1 fCPU=4MHz, fADC=2MHz ,VDD=5.0V ED Total unadjusted error Max ±1 error 2) EG ET Conditions error 2) -0.5 / 3.5 fCPU=8MHz, fADC=4MHz ,VDD=5.0V 2) -2 / 0 LSB ±11) ±11) Notes: 1) Data based on characterization results over the whole temperature range, monitored in production. 2) Injecting negative current on any of the analog input pins significantly reduces the accuracy of any conversion being performed on any analog input. Analog pins can be protected against negative injection by adding a Schottky diode (pin to ground). Injecting negative current on digital input pins degrades ADC accuracy especially if performed on a pin close to the analog input pins. Any positive injection current within the limits specified for IINJ(PIN) and ΣIINJ(PIN) in Section 13.8 does not affect the ADC accuracy. 103/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ADC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 89. ADC Accuracy Characteristics with Amplifier disabled Digital Result ADCDR EG 255 254 1LSB 253 IDEAL V –V DDA S SA = ----------------------------------------256 (2) ET (3) 7 (1) 6 5 EO EL 4 3 ED (1) Example of an actual transfer curve (2) The ideal transfer curve (3) End point correlation line ET=Total Unadjusted Error: maximum deviation between the actual and the ideal transfer curves. EO=Offset Error: deviation between the first actual transition and the first ideal one. EG=Gain Error: deviation between the last ideal transition and the last actual one. ED=Differential Linearity Error: maximum deviation between actual steps and the ideal one. EL=Integral Linearity Error: maximum deviation between any actual transition and the end point correlation line. 2 1 LSBIDEAL 1 0 1 VSSA 104/122 Vin (LSBIDEAL) 2 3 4 5 6 7 253 254 255 256 VDDA ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ADC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 90. ADC Accuracy Characteristics with Amplifier enabled Digital Result ADCDR EG – VSSA = -------------------------------------1LSB IDE AL 103 × 8 V DDA (2) ET (3) n+7 (1) n+6 n+5 EO n+4 EL n+3 ED n+2 (1) Example of an actual transfer curve (2) The ideal transfer curve (3) End point correlation line ET=Total Unadjusted Error: maximum deviation between the actual and the ideal transfer curves. EO=Offset Error: deviation between the first actual transition and the first ideal one. EG=Gain Error: deviation between the last ideal transition and the last actual one. ED=Differential Linearity Error: maximum deviation between actual steps and the ideal one. EL=Integral Linearity Error: maximum deviation between any actual transition and the end point correlation line. n=Amplifier Offset 1 LSBIDEAL n+1 Vin (LSBIDEAL) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VSS 100 101 102 103 250 mV Note: When the AMPSEL bit in the ADCDRL register is set, it is mandatory that fADC be less than or equal to 2 MHz. (if fCPU=8MHz. then SPEED=0, SLOW=1). Symbol Parameter VDD(AMP) Amplifier operating voltage VIN Amplifier input voltage VOFFSET VSTEP Amplifier offset voltage Linearity Step size for monotonicity3) Output Voltage Response Gain factor Amplified Analog input Gain2) Vmax Output Linearity Max Voltage Vmin Output Linearity Min Voltage Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 5.5 V 250 mV 4.5 VDD=5V 0 200 mV 5 mV Linear VINmax = 250mV, VDD=5V 71) 8 91) 2.05 01) 2.2 0.22 2.4 0.25 V V Notes: 1) Data based on characterization results over the whole temperature range, not tested in production. 2) For precise conversion results it is recommended to calibrate the amplifier at the following two points: – offset at VINmin = 0V – gain at full scale (for example VIN=250mV) 3) Monotonicity guaranteed if VIN increases or decreases in steps of min. 5mV. 105/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 14 PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS 14.1 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA Figure 91. 16-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package, 300-mil Width Dim. E mm Min Typ A A2 A1 A L b2 D1 Max Min Typ 5.33 Max 0.210 A1 0.38 0.015 A2 2.92 3.30 4.95 0.115 0.130 0.195 b 0.36 0.46 0.56 0.014 0.018 0.022 E1 b2 1.14 1.52 1.78 0.045 0.060 0.070 eB b3 0.76 0.99 1.14 0.030 0.039 0.045 c 0.20 0.25 0.36 0.008 0.010 0.014 D 18.67 19.18 19.69 0.735 0.755 0.775 D1 0.13 c b e b3 inches D e 0.005 2.54 0.100 E 7.62 7.87 8.26 0.300 0.310 0.325 E1 6.10 6.35 7.11 0.240 0.250 0.280 L 2.92 3.30 3.81 0.115 0.130 0.150 eB 10.92 0.430 Number of Pins N 16 Figure 92. 16-Pin Plastic Small Outline Package, 150-mil Width L Dim. 45× A A1 e B a A1 C H D mm Min E 1 Typ 0.069 A1 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.010 B 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020 C 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 D 9.80 10.00 0.386 0.394 E 3.80 4.00 0.150 1.27 5.80 α 0° L 0.40 8 0.157 0.050 6.20 0.228 8° 0° 1.27 0.016 Number of Pins 0016020 Max 1.75 0.053 N 106/122 Min 1.35 H 9 inches Max A e 16 Typ 16 0.244 8° 0.050 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 14.2 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Symbol RthJA PD TJmax Ratings Package thermal resistance (junction to ambient) Power dissipation 1) Maximum junction temperature 2) Value Unit TBD °C/W 500 mW 150 °C Notes: 1. The power dissipation is obtained from the formula PD=PINT+PPORT where PINT is the chip internal power (IDDxVDD) and PPORT is the port power dissipation determined by the user. 2. The average chip-junction temperature can be obtained from the formula TJ = TA + PD x RthJA. 107/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 14.3 SOLDERING AND GLUEABILITY INFORMATION Recommended soldering information given only as design guidelines. Figure 93. Recommended Wave Soldering Profile (with 37% Sn and 63% Pb) 250 150 SOLDERING PHASE 80°C Temp. [°C] 100 50 COOLING PHASE (ROOM TEMPERATURE) 5 sec 200 PREHEATING PHASE Time [sec] 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Figure 94. Recommended Reflow Soldering Oven Profile (MID JEDEC) 250 Tmax=220+/-5°C for 25 sec 200 150 90 sec at 125°C 150 sec above 183°C Temp. [°C] 100 50 ramp down natural 2°C/sec max ramp up 2°C/sec for 50sec Time [sec] 0 100 Recommended glue for SMD plastic packages: ■ Heraeus: PD945, PD955 ■ Loctite: 3615, 3298 108/122 200 300 400 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 15 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AND ORDERING INFORMATION Each device is available for production in user programmable versions (FLASH) as well as in factory coded versions (FASTROM). ST7PLITE0x and ST7PLITES2/S5 devices are Factory Advanced Service Technique ROM (FASTROM) versions: they are factory-programmed XFlash devices. ST7FLITE0x and ST7FLITES2/S5 XFlash devices are shipped to customers with a default program memory content (FFh). The OSC option bit is programmed to 0 by default. The FASTROM factory coded parts contain the code supplied by the customer. This implies that FLASH devices have to be configured by the customer using the Option Bytes while the FASTROM devices are factory-configured. 15.1 OPTION BYTES The two option bytes allow the hardware configuration of the microcontroller to be selected. The option bytes can be accessed only in programming mode (for example using a standard ST7 programming tool). OPTION BYTE 0 Bit 7:4 = Reserved, must always be 1. Bit 3:2 = SEC[1:0] Sector 0 size definition These option bits indicate the size of sector 0 according to the following table. Sector 0 Size SEC1 SEC0 0.5k 0 0 1k 0 1 1 x 1.5k 1) Note 1: Configuration available for ST7LITE0 devices only. Bit 1 = FMP_R Read-out protection This option indicates if the FLASH program memory and Data EEPROM is protected against piracy. The read-out protection blocks access to the program and data areas in any mode except user mode and IAP mode. Erasing the option bytes when the FMP_R option is selected will cause the whole memory to be erased first, , and the device can be reprogrammed. Refer to Section 4.5 and the ST7 Flash Programming Reference Manual for more details. 0: Read-out protection off 1: Read-out protection on Bit 0 = FMP_W FLASH write protection This option indicates if the FLASH program memory is write protected. Warning: When this option is selected, the program memory (and the option bit itself) can never be erased or programmed again. 0: Write protection off 1: Write protection on 109/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE OPTION BYTES (Cont’d) OPTION BYTE 1 Bit 7 = PLLx4x8 PLL Factor selection. 0: PLLx4 1: PLLx8 Bit 5 = Reserved, must always be 1. Bit 4 = OSC RC Oscillator selection 0: RC oscillator on 1: RC oscillator off Bit 6 = PLLOFF PLL disable. 0: PLL enabled 1: PLL disabled (by-passed) Table 20. List of valid option combinations Operating conditions Clock Source VDD range PLL off x4 x8 off x4 x8 off x4 x8 off x4 x8 Internal RC 1% 2.4V - 3.3V External clock Internal RC 1% 3.3V - 5.5V External clock Typ fCPU 0.7MHz @3V 2.8MHz @3V 0-4MHz 4MHz 1MHz @5V 8MHz @5V 0-8MHz 8 MHz OSC 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Option Bits PLLOFF PLLx4x8 1 x 0 0 1 x 0 0 1 x 0 1 1 x 0 1 Note 1: see Clock Management Block diagram in Figure 13 Bit 1 = WDG SW Hardware or software watchdog This option bit selects the watchdog type. Bit 3:2 = LVD[1:0] Low voltage detection selection 0: Hardware (watchdog always enabled) These option bits enable the LVD block with a se1: Software (watchdog to be enabled by software) lected threshold as shown in Table 21. Bit 0 = WDG HALT Watchdog Reset on Halt Table 21. LVD Threshold Configuration This option bit determines if a RESET is generated Configuration LVD1 LVD0 when entering HALT mode while the Watchdog is 1 1 active. LVD Off 0: No Reset generation when entering Halt mode 1 0 Highest Voltage Threshold (∼4.1V) 1: Reset generation when entering Halt mode Medium Voltage Threshold (∼3.5V) 0 1 Lowest Voltage Threshold (∼2.8V) 0 0 OPTION BYTE 0 OPTION BYTE 1 7 0 110/122 1 1 1 0 FMP FMP PLL PLL SEC1 SEC0 R W x4x8 OFF Reserved Default Value 7 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 WDG WDG OSC LVD1 LVD0 SW HALT 1 0 1 1 1 1 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 15.2 DEVICE ORDERING INFORMATION AND TRANSFER OF CUSTOMER CODE Customer code is made up of the FASTROM contents and the list of the selected options (if any). The FASTROM contents are to be sent on diskette, or by electronic means, with the S19 hexadecimal file generated by the development tool. All unused bytes must be set to FFh. The selected options are communicated to STMicroelectronics us- ing the correctly completed OPTION LIST appended. Refer to application note AN1635 for information on the counter listing returned by ST after code has been transferred. The STMicroelectronics Sales Organization will be pleased to provide detailed information on contractual points. Table 22. Supported part numbers Part Number Program Memory (Bytes) Data EEPROM (Bytes) RAM (Bytes) ADC ST7FLITES2Y0B6 - - ST7FLITES2Y0M6 - - ST7FLITES5Y0B6 1K FLASH - 128 yes Temp. Range Package DIP16 1) -40°C +85°C SO16 DIP16 ST7FLITES5Y0M6 - yes 1) SO16 ST7PLITES2Y0B6 - - DIP16 ST7PLITES2Y0M6 - - ST7PLITES5Y0B6 1K FASTROM - 128 yes 1) -40°C +85°C SO16 DIP16 ST7PLITES5Y0M6 - yes 1) SO16 ST7FLITE02Y0B6 - - DIP16 ST7FLITE02Y0M6 - - ST7FLITE05Y0B6 ST7FLITE05Y0M6 1.5K FLASH ST7FLITE09Y0B6 - 128 128 yes SO16 2) yes 2) yes 2) yes 2) -40°C +85°C DIP16 SO16 DIP16 ST7FLITE09Y0M6 128 ST7PLITE02Y0B6 - ST7PLITE02Y0M6 - - SO16 ST7PLITE05Y0B6 - yes 2) DIP16 ST7PLITE05Y0M6 1.5K FASTROM - SO16 - 128 yes 2) DIP16 -40°C +85°C SO16 ST7PLITE09Y0B6 128 yes 2) DIP16 ST7PLITE09Y0M6 128 yes 2) SO16 Contact ST sales office for product availability Note 1: available without Operational Amplifier Note 2: available with Operational Amplifier 111/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE ST7LITE0 AND ST7SUPERLITE FASTROM MICROCONTROLLER OPTION LIST Customer Address ................................................................... ................................................................... ................................................................... Contact ................................................................... Phone No ................................................................... Reference/FASTROM Code*: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *FASTROM code name is assigned by STMicroelectronics. FASTROM code must be sent in .S19 format. .Hex extension cannot be processed. .... .... .... .... .... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... Device Type/Memory Size/Package (check only one option): --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------1K 1.5K FASTROM DEVICE: --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------PDIP16: | [ ] ST7PLITE02Y0B6 | [ ] ST7PLITES2Y0B6 | [ ] ST7PLITE05Y0B6 | [ ] ST7PLITES5Y0B6 | [ ] ST7PLITE09Y0B6 | SO16: | [ ] ST7PLITE02Y0M6 | [ ] ST7PLITES2Y0M6 | [ ] ST7PLITE05Y0M6 | [ ] ST7PLITES5Y0M6 | [ ] ST7PLITE09Y0M6 | Warning: Addresses 1000h, 1001h, FFDEh and FFDFh are reserved areas for ST to program RCCR0 and RCCR1 (see section 7.1 on page 23). Conditioning (check only one option): --------------------------------------------------------------------------| - Packaged Product (do not specify for DIP package) | -------------------------------------------------------------------------[ ] Tape & Reel [ ] Tube | | | Special Marking: [ ] No [ ] Yes "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _" (DIP16 only) Authorized characters are letters, digits, ’.’, ’-’, ’/’ and spaces only. Maximum character count: PDIP16 (9 char. max) : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SO16 (6 char. max) : _ _ _ _ _ _ Sector 0 size: [ ] 0.5K [ ] 1K [ ] 1.5K (ST7LITE0 devices only) Readout Protection: FLASH write Protection: [ ] Disabled [ ] Disabled [ ] Enabled [ ] Enabled Clock Source Selection: [ ] Internal RC [ ] External Clock PLL [ ] Disabled [ ] PLLx4 LVD Reset [ ] Disabled [ ] Highest threshold [ ] Medium threshold [ ] Lowest threshold Watchdog Selection: [ ] Software Activation [ ] Hardware Activation Watchdog Reset on Halt: [ ] Disabled [ ] Enabled [ ] PLLx8 Comments : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supply Operating Range in the application: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes .......................................................................... Date: .......................................................................... Signature: .......................................................................... Important note: Not all configurations are available. See Table 20 on page 110 for authorized option byte combinations. 112/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 15.3 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS STmicroelectronics offers a range of hardware and software development tools for the ST7 microcontroller family. Full details of tools available for the ST7 from third party manufacturers can be obtain from the STMicroelectronics Internet site: ➟ http//mcu.st.com. Tools from these manufacturers include C compliers, emulators and gang programmers. STMicroelectronics Tools Three types of development tool are offered by ST, all of them connect to a PC via a parallel (LPT) or USB port: see Table 23 and Table 24 for more details. Table 23. STMicroelectronics Tools Features In-Circuit Emulation Programming Capability1) ST7 In Circuit Debugging Kit Yes Yes (all packages) ST7 Emulator Yes, powerful emulation features including trace/ logic analyzer No ST7 Programming Board No Yes (All packages) Software Included ST7 CD ROM with: – ST7 Assembly toolchain – STVD7 powerful Source Level Debugger for Win 9x and NT – C compiler demo versions – ST Realizer for Win 3.1 and Win 95. – Windows Programming Tools for Win 9x and NT Table 24. Dedicated STMicroelectronics Development Tools Supported Products ST7FLITE02, ST7FLITE05, ST7FLITE09, ST7FLITES2, ST7FLITES5 ST7 In Circuit Debugging Kit ST7FLITE0-INDART (parallel port) ST7FLIT0-IND/USB (USB port) ST7 Emulator ST7 Programming Board ST7MDT10-EMU3 ST7MDT10-EPB Note: 1. In-Circuit Programming (ICP) interface for FLASH devices. 113/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 15.4 ST7 APPLICATION NOTES IDENTIFICATION DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE DRIVERS AN 969 SCI COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ST7 AND PC AN 970 SPI COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ST7 AND EEPROM AN 971 I²C COMMUNICATING BETWEEN ST7 AND M24CXX EEPROM AN 972 ST7 SOFTWARE SPI MASTER COMMUNICATION AN 973 SCI SOFTWARE COMMUNICATION WITH A PC USING ST72251 16-BIT TIMER AN 974 REAL TIME CLOCK WITH ST7 TIMER OUTPUT COMPARE AN 976 DRIVING A BUZZER THROUGH ST7 TIMER PWM FUNCTION AN 979 DRIVING AN ANALOG KEYBOARD WITH THE ST7 ADC AN 980 ST7 KEYPAD DECODING TECHNIQUES, IMPLEMENTING WAKE-UP ON KEYSTROKE AN1017 USING THE ST7 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS MICROCONTROLLER AN1041 USING ST7 PWM SIGNAL TO GENERATE ANALOG OUTPUT (SINUSOID) AN1042 ST7 ROUTINE FOR I²C SLAVE MODE MANAGEMENT AN1044 MULTIPLE INTERRUPT SOURCES MANAGEMENT FOR ST7 MCUS AN1045 ST7 S/W IMPLEMENTATION OF I²C BUS MASTER AN1046 UART EMULATION SOFTWARE AN1047 MANAGING RECEPTION ERRORS WITH THE ST7 SCI PERIPHERALS AN1048 ST7 SOFTWARE LCD DRIVER AN1078 PWM DUTY CYCLE SWITCH IMPLEMENTING TRUE 0% & 100% DUTY CYCLE AN1082 DESCRIPTION OF THE ST72141 MOTOR CONTROL PERIPHERAL REGISTERS AN1083 ST72141 BLDC MOTOR CONTROL SOFTWARE AND FLOWCHART EXAMPLE AN1105 ST7 PCAN PERIPHERAL DRIVER AN1129 PERMANENT MAGNET DC MOTOR DRIVE. AN INTRODUCTION TO SENSORLESS BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE APPLICATIONS AN1130 WITH THE ST72141 AN1148 USING THE ST7263 FOR DESIGNING A USB MOUSE AN1149 HANDLING SUSPEND MODE ON A USB MOUSE AN1180 USING THE ST7263 KIT TO IMPLEMENT A USB GAME PAD AN1276 BLDC MOTOR START ROUTINE FOR THE ST72141 MICROCONTROLLER AN1321 USING THE ST72141 MOTOR CONTROL MCU IN SENSOR MODE AN1325 USING THE ST7 USB LOW-SPEED FIRMWARE V4.X AN1445 USING THE ST7 SPI TO EMULATE A 16-BIT SLAVE AN1475 DEVELOPING AN ST7265X MASS STORAGE APPLICATION AN1504 STARTING A PWM SIGNAL DIRECTLY AT HIGH LEVEL USING THE ST7 16-BIT TIMER PRODUCT EVALUATION AN 910 PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKING AN 990 ST7 BENEFITS VERSUS INDUSTRY STANDARD AN1077 OVERVIEW OF ENHANCED CAN CONTROLLERS FOR ST7 AND ST9 MCUS AN1086 U435 CAN-DO SOLUTIONS FOR CAR MULTIPLEXING AN1150 BENCHMARK ST72 VS PC16 AN1151 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON BETWEEN ST72254 & PC16F876 AN1278 LIN (LOCAL INTERCONNECT NETWORK) SOLUTIONS PRODUCT MIGRATION AN1131 MIGRATING APPLICATIONS FROM ST72511/311/214/124 TO ST72521/321/324 AN1322 MIGRATING AN APPLICATION FROM ST7263 REV.B TO ST7263B AN1365 GUIDELINES FOR MIGRATING ST72C254 APPLICATION TO ST72F264 PRODUCT OPTIMIZATION 114/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE IDENTIFICATION AN 982 AN1014 AN1015 AN1040 AN1070 AN1324 AN1477 AN1502 AN1529 DESCRIPTION USING ST7 WITH CERAMIC RESONATOR HOW TO MINIMIZE THE ST7 POWER CONSUMPTION SOFTWARE TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING MICROCONTROLLER EMC PERFORMANCE MONITORING THE VBUS SIGNAL FOR USB SELF-POWERED DEVICES ST7 CHECKSUM SELF-CHECKING CAPABILITY CALIBRATING THE RC OSCILLATOR OF THE ST7FLITE0 MCU USING THE MAINS EMULATED DATA EEPROM WITH XFLASH MEMORY EMULATED DATA EEPROM WITH ST7 HDFLASH MEMORY EXTENDING THE CURRENT & VOLTAGE CAPABILITY ON THE ST7265 VDDF SUPPLY ACCURATE TIMEBASE FOR LOW-COST ST7 APPLICATIONS WITH INTERNAL RC OSCILAN1530 LATOR PROGRAMMING AND TOOLS AN 978 KEY FEATURES OF THE STVD7 ST7 VISUAL DEBUG PACKAGE AN 983 KEY FEATURES OF THE COSMIC ST7 C-COMPILER PACKAGE AN 985 EXECUTING CODE IN ST7 RAM AN 986 USING THE INDIRECT ADDRESSING MODE WITH ST7 AN 987 ST7 SERIAL TEST CONTROLLER PROGRAMMING AN 988 STARTING WITH ST7 ASSEMBLY TOOL CHAIN AN 989 GETTING STARTED WITH THE ST7 HIWARE C TOOLCHAIN AN1039 ST7 MATH UTILITY ROUTINES AN1064 WRITING OPTIMIZED HIWARE C LANGUAGE FOR ST7 AN1071 HALF DUPLEX USB-TO-SERIAL BRIDGE USING THE ST72611 USB MICROCONTROLLER AN1106 TRANSLATING ASSEMBLY CODE FROM HC05 TO ST7 PROGRAMMING ST7 FLASH MICROCONTROLLERS IN REMOTE ISP MODE (IN-SITU PROAN1179 GRAMMING) AN1446 USING THE ST72521 EMULATOR TO DEBUG A ST72324 TARGET APPLICATION AN1478 PORTING AN ST7 PANTA PROJECT TO CODEWARRIOR IDE AN1527 DEVELOPING A USB SMARTCARD READER WITH ST7SCR AN1575 ON-BOARD PROGRAMMING METHODS FOR XFLASH AND HDFLASH ST7 MCUS 115/122 ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 16 IMPORTANT NOTES 16.1 Execution of BTJX Instruction Description Executing a BTJx instruction jumps to a random address in the following conditions: the jump goes to a lower address (jump backward) and the test is performed on a data located at the address 00FFh. 16.2 In-Circuit Programming of devices previously programmed with Hardware Watchdog option Description In-Circuit Programming of devices configured with Hardware Watchdog (WDGSW bit in option byte 1 programmed to 0) requires certain precautions (see below). In-Circuit Programming uses ICC mode. In this mode, the Hardware Watchdog is not automatically deactivated as one might expect. As a consequence, internal resets are generated every 2 ms by the watchdog, thus preventing programming. The device factory configuration is Software Watchdog so this issue is not seen with devices that are programmed for the first time. For the same reason, devices programmed by the user with the Software Watchdog option are not impacted. The only devices impacted are those that have previously been programmed with the Hardware Watchdog option. 116/122 Workaround Devices configured with Hardware Watchdog must be programmed using a specific programming mode that ignores the option byte settings. In this mode, an external clock, normally provided by the programming tool, has to be used. In ST tools, this mode is called "ICP OPTIONS DISABLED". Socke ts on ST p ro gramming tools (such as ST7MDT10-EPB) are controlled using "ICP OPTIONS DISABLED" mode. Devices can therefore be reprogrammed by plugging them in the ST Programming Board socket, whatever the watchdog configuration. When using third-party tools, please refer the manufacturer’s documentation to check how to access specific programming modes. If a tool does not have a mode that ignores the option byte settings, devices programmed with the Hardware watchdog option cannot be reprogrammed using this tool. 16.3 In-Circuit Watchdog Debugging with Hardware In Circuit Debugging is impacted in the same way as In Circuit Programming by the activation of the hardware watchdog in ICC mode. Please refer to Section 16.2. ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE 17 SUMMARY OF CHANGES Revision 2.4 Main changes Date Added ST7LITE02x devices and ST7SUPERLITE devices Changed Caution to pin n°10 in Table 1, “Device Pin Description,” on page 7 Changed note 5 in section 4.4 on page 13 Changed section 4.5.1 on page 14 Changed section 11.4.6 on page 70: added note in the description of ADON Bit (ADCCSR register) and modified description of AMPSEL bit in the ADCAMP register Changed section 13.3.1 on page 80: fCLKIN instead of fOSC Changed note 2 in section 13.3.4.2 on page 83 Changed section 13.7.1 on page 90 Updated section 13.7.2.2 on page 92 (“Electrical Sensitivities” table) Changed section 15 on page 109 Changed section 15.2 on page 111 Changed Table 24, “Dedicated STMicroelectronics Development Tools,” on page 113 Changed option list on page 112 August-03 117/122 ERRATA SHEET ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE LIMITATIONS AND CORRECTIONS 18 SILICON IDENTIFICATION This section of the document refers to rev Y ST7FLITE0 and ST7FLITES2/S5 devices. They are identifiable: ■ On the device package, by the last letter of the Trace code marked on the device package ■ On the box, by the last 3 digits of the Internal Sales Type printed on the box label. Table 25. Device Identification Trace Code marked on device Flash Devices: “xxxxxxxxxY” Internal Sales Type on box label 7FLITE09Y0M6$U5 7FLITE09Y0B6$U5 7FLITE05Y0M6$U5 7FLITE05Y0B6$U5 7FLITE02Y0M6$U5 7FLITE02Y0B6$U5 7FLITES5Y0M6$U5 7FLITES5Y0B6$U5 7FLITES2Y0M6$U5 7FLITES2Y0B6$U5 See also Figure 95 19 REFERENCE SPECIFICATION Limitations in this document are with reference to the ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE Datasheet Revision 2.4 (August 2003). 20 SILICON LIMITATIONS 20.1 NEGATIVE INJECTION IMPACT ON ADC ACCURACY Injecting a negative current on an analog input pins significantly reduces the accuracy of the AD Converter. Whenever necessary, the negative injection should be prevented by the addition of a Schottky diode between the concerned I/Os and ground. Injecting a negative current on digital input pins degrades ADC accuracy especially if performed on a pin close to ADC channel in use. Rev. 2.5 August 2003 118/122 ERRATA SHEET 20.2 ADC CONVERSION SPURIOUS RESULTS Spurious conversions occur with a rate lower than 50 per million. Such conversions happen when the measured voltage is just between 2 consecutive digital values. Workaround A software filter should be implemented to remove erratic conversion results whenever they may cause unwanted consequences. 20.3 FUNCTIONAL ESD SENSITIVITY The ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE, when configured with High or Medium LVD threshold, are below the STMicroelectronics functional sensitivity standard. When positive stress is injected on I/Os, the LVD reset is activated, but normal operation resumes after reset. As a consequence, the application should be well protected against ESD. The firmware may also be designed to allow warm reset, as described in EMC application note AN1015, allowing the application to resume normal operation after a reset. This does not affect ESD absolute maximum ratings: the ST7LITE0 and ST7SUPERLITE meet STMicroelectronics standards concerning ESD levels that may cause damage to the silicon. Devices configured without LVD and with the Low LVD threshold level are not impacted. 119/122 ERRATA SHEET 21 DEVICE MARKING Figure 95. Revision Marking on Box Label and Device Marking TYPE xxxx Internalxxx$xx Trace Code LAST 2 DIGITS AFTER $ IN INTERNAL SALES TYPE ON BOX LABEL INDICATE SILICON REV. LAST LETTER OF TRACE CODE ON DEVICE INDICATES SILICON REV. 120/122 ERRATA SHEET 22 ERRATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY Revision Main Changes Date 2.5 This revision refers to the ST7LITE0, ST7SUPERLITE datasheet revision 2.4. August 2003 121/122 ERRATA SHEET Notes: Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics 2003 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved. Purchase of I2C Components by STMicroelectronics conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent. Rights to use these components in an I2C system is granted provided that the system conforms to the I 2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. 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