Freescale Semiconductor Advance Information Document Number: TC80310 Rev 2.0, 5/2011 Alternator Regulator with LIN 80310 The 80310 is an integrated circuit intended to regulate the output voltage of an automotive alternator. The IC supplies a current via a high side MOSFET to the excitation coil of the alternator and provides an internal freewheeling diode. It keeps the battery at its nominal charge and delivers current to electrical devices within the vehicle. The 80310 also provides a load response control mechanism (LRC), and has an interface for the industry standard LIN protocol (Revision 1.3) to allow an ECU to control the regulated voltage and the LRC rate among other parameters. The ECU also can read back information about the status of the regulator and the alternator via LIN. It can be programmed for most functions using OTP (Non-volatile Memory) and fit a large number of alternators and applications. AUTOMOTIVE ALTERNATOR REGULATOR Features • • • • • • • • • High side field driver Internal freewheeling diode Up to 8.0 A rotor current (excitation coil) Load response control (LRC) Thermal protection Thermal compensation LIN interface Set point voltage selectable from 10.6 to 16 V Rotor control and die temperature monitoring via LIN TOP VIEW ORDERING INFORMATION Device Temperature Range (TJ) Package Devices part numbers are dependant on programming from factory. TO3 - Contact sales for information on limited engineering sample quantities. Production version is die sales only. 1.5 μF/2.2 μF Stator Master ECU B+A PH1 LIN PH2 SGND EXC GND Diagnose Control TC80310 Rotor Coil Battery + - Alternator Figure 1. 80310 Simplified Application Diagram (LIN Mode) 1.5 μF/2.2 μF Stator B+A PH1 LIN PH2 SGND EXC GND TC80310 Rotor Coil Battery + - Alternator Figure 2. 80310 Simplified Application Diagram (Standalone, Self-start Mode) * This document contains certain information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2009-2011. All rights reserved. DEVICE VARIATIONS DEVICE VARIATIONS Table 1. Version Determined Electrical Parameters Version Selfstart Active/ Not Active Self-start Phase Default Threshold sensitivity Regulation (V) Voltage (RPM) (V) 3000/ 4000 0.45/0.9/ 1.35/1.8 13.5 to 15 (100 mV steps) Fstart (RPM) Fstop (RPM) 800/1050/ 1300/ 1550/ 1800/ 2050/ 2300/2500 500/ 650/ 850/ 1000 LRC LRC Crest BUS Rate(s) disable Regulation inactivity(s) (RPM) 0/3/6.4/ 12.3 2400/ 3000/ 4000/ Never Active / Not Active 1.31 / 3 Default LIN Readout Thermal Thermal Fault Compensation Threshold threshold (°C) (°C) T°/Current 135/145/ 150/160 Special LIN Feature Alternat Slave or pole- Address pair 135/145/150/ 160 Active/ Not Active 6/8 A/B 145 Active 6 A Versions TO3 Active 3000 0.45 14.3 800 500 3 3000 Not active 3 Current 145 Devices part numbers are dependant on programming from factory. TC80310x Various configurations are available and are programmable by OTP at the Freescale factory. Please contact your Freescale sales representative for further WS details, based on your system requirements, and solutions available. 80310 2 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM B+A ÷ 10 Trim Trim MUX Buffer Low Pas Filter 1.2KHz T° Bandgap Trim Vlogic 5V Bpa_sense_ buffer Temperate Current 10 Bits Start Conversion End Conversion B +A 4.0MHz CLK Charge Pump Digital Core CLK Phase ON/OFF Drive and Protection High Phase Phase Processor BUS 10 Bits T° Measurement PH1 Vanalog 5V Vanalog_ switch 5 Vpump 5V SUPPLY ADC S/C Sensitivity PH2 EXC Current Measurement Internal BUS POR OTP PGN SGN Figure 3. 80310 Simplified Internal Block Diagram 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 3 PIN CONNECTIONS PIN CONNECTIONS PH2 1 BUS 2 3 PH1 4 B+A SGND 5 6 PGND 7 EXC Figure 4. TC80310 Die Connections Bottom View Transparent Top View Figure 5. JTO3 Pin Connections (Sample Configuration Only) Non-production Table 2. 80310 Pin Definitions A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 9. Pad Number Pin Number TC80310 TO3 Pin Name Pin Function Formal Name Definition 1 1 PH2 (φ2) Input Phase 2 Signal from alternator phase 2 2 2 PH1 (φ1) Input Phase 1 Signal from alternator phase 1 3 3 BUS Input/Output LIN Bus LIN connected to master 4 4 SGND N/A Signal Ground Ground pin 5 5 B+A Power Supply Voltage This pin is connected to the battery of the vehicle 6 6 EXC Output Excitation 7 7 PGND N/A Power Ground This pin is connected to the rotor coil of the alternator Ground termination 80310 4 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Maximum Ratings All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or permanent damage to the device. TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise stated. Ratings Symbol Value Unit VB+CONT 27 V VB+TRANS 40 V ELECTRICAL RATINGS B+A Supply Pin DC Voltage Load Dump Transient Voltage (ISO7637-2) Maximum Reverse B+A Voltage(1) V-B+A V -2.4 (5 seconds) Maximum Excitation Current at TJ = 150 oC(2) IEXC 5.0 A IEXC 8.0 A Recirculation Diode Peak Current 8.0 A Recirculation Diode Reverse Voltage 40 V ±40 V -2.0 to +40 V o Maximum Excitation Current at TJ = 25 C PHASE Input Voltage Range VPHASE BUS Pin Input Range ESD Voltage(3) V Human Body Model - All Pins (MIL std 883C)(4) Machine Model - All Pins Accessible Pins (EN61.000-4-2) When Mounted on the Alternator (BUS & B+A) by Contact Discharge Air Discharges When Mounted on the Alternator(5) Standard Transient Pulses ISO7637-1 & -3 ±6000 VESD1 VESD2 ±200 VESD3 ±8000 VESD4 ±15000 Level 150 V TSTOR -45 to +150 °C TJ -40 to +150 °C TJ-TSD 185 °C TTSD-HYST 10 °C THERMAL RATINGS Storage Temperature Operating Junction Temperature(6) Thermal Shutdown Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Notes 1. Not tested. Depends on package and bonding. 2. Characterized at 150°C but not production tested 3. Testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (CZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 Ω), Charge Device Model, Robotic (CZAP = 4.0 pF), or the EN61000-4-2 specification (CZAP = 150 pF, RZAP = 330 Ω). 4. 5. Except Phase1 and Phase2 (+/-5000 V) Product Powered. ESD done on pulley, B+ and metal alternator case (CZAP = 330 pF, RZAP = 2.0 kΩ) 6. Guaranteed by Design. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 4. Static Electrical Characteristics Electrical parameters are tested at die level from 30 to 140 °C. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25 °C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Parametric guaranteed from TJ = -40 to 150 °C, unless otherwise noted. Operation is guaranteed by design up to TJ-TSD. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Operating Voltage, VB+A VB+A 8.0 27 V Bus Operating Voltage (LIN) VBUS 8.0 18 V Quiescent Current at VB+A=12.5 V (Phases at 0 V) (including phase currents at 25 °C) ISB2.B+A-0 – – – – 110 μA Quiescent Current at VB+A=12.5 V (Phases at 12.5 V) (including phase currents at 25 °C) ISB2.B+A-1 – – 250 μA Operating Current no EXC Load at 25 °C and VB+A = 13 V IOP – 12 16 mA Range of Regulation Voltage (50% DC) VREG 10.60 16.0 V VREG Setting Accuracy Voltage at 50% for VREG = 13.8 V and TJ = 25 oC ΔVREG1 -100 – – +100 mV VREG Setting Accuracy Voltage at 50% for VREG = 10.7 V and VREG = 16 V and TJ = 25 oC ΔVREG2 -150 – +150 mV VLD – 21 – V ΔVREG-L -150 0 mV ΔVREG-S -100 100 mV RDS.ON.EXC – – – – 100 mΩ VEXC.SEN 0.3 0.6 1.0 V VF 1.2 1.5 V 8.0 V mA Load Dump Detection Threshold Voltage ΔVREG with Load Voltage(7) ΔVREG with Speed Voltage(8) RDS-ON FIELD TMOS at IEXC = 5.0 A and TJ = 140 oC(9) Over-voltage Detection(10) Phase Input High Threshold Voltage (PHASE OK) VP-H Phase Input High Hysteresis Voltage (PHASE OK) VPH-HYST – – – VOV 16.2 16.5 IEXC-SC – – 10 – – – – 62 150 Recirculation Diode Voltage at 5.0 A (Excitation Current) Over-voltage (Fault) Threshold Voltage EXC Short-circuit Protection Threshold LIN Peak Short-circuit Current Notes 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. (11) ILIN-SC 1.0 V V A Changing load from 5% to 90% of alternator capability. At low load (5%) and varying alternator speed from 2000 RPM to 18000 RPM. By design, not tested. The thermal capability of the packaging is critical to the full use of the output drive. If there is a high voltage and the EXC pin is above this voltage a fault is detected. Pulsed at low duty cycle. 80310 6 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 4. Static Electrical Characteristics Electrical parameters are tested at die level from 30 to 140 °C. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25 °C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Parametric guaranteed from TJ = -40 to 150 °C, unless otherwise noted. Operation is guaranteed by design up to TJ-TSD. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Bus Voltage Low Level Receive (LIN)(12) VBUS-LOW-REC V VBUS-LOW-SEND 1.4 V VBUS-HIGH-REC 0.7*VB+A V VBUS-HIGH-SEND 6.4 – – – – 0.3 * VB+A Bus Voltage Low Level Send (LIN)(12) – – – – V VVCCLB – 8.5 9.5 V Bus Voltage High Level Receive (LIN)(12) Bus Voltage High Level Send (LIN)(12) Emergency Regulation Voltage(13) Notes 12. Referred to regulator/alternator ground. 13. Operates asynchronous to the regulation cycle in case of a very rapid drop in B+A, usually caused by adding a heavy load without a battery in the system. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 5. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics Electrical parameters are tested at die level from 30 to 140 °C. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25 °C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. TJ from -40 to 150 °C, unless otherwise noted. Operation is guaranteed by design up to TJ-TSD. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit FREG 106 122 137 Hz tLPH 12.5 400 – – μs tFAULT – – ms Bus Signal Risetime (LIN) From 20% to 80% of VBUS with VB+A = 18 V tRISE 5.0 – 40 μs Bus Signal Falltime (LIN) From 20% to 80% of VBUS with VB+A = 18 V tFALL 3.5 – 40 μs Minimum Duty Cycle DCMIN 4.1 DCSTARTUP – – – % Start-up Duty Cycle – – – Regulation Frequency Phase Noise Rejection Filter (14) Fault Qualification Delay/Filter Delta LRC Duty Cycle ΔLRC 13.5 3.125 % % Notes 14. A fault has to be present for the entire time before it is considered valid. 80310 8 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION The 80310 is an integrated circuit intended to regulate the output voltage of an automotive alternator. The IC supplies a current via a high side MOSFET to the excitation coil of the alternator and provides an internal freewheeling diode. It keeps the battery at its nominal charge and delivers current to electrical devices within the vehicle. The 80310 also provides a load response control mechanism (LRC), and has an interface for the industry standard LIN protocol (v1.3) to allow an ECU (master) to control the regulated voltage and the LRC rate among other parameters. The ECU also can read back information about the status of the regulator and the alternator via LIN. The programmable parameters by the ECU: • Regulated voltage • LRC ramp time, LRC cut off • Excitation current limitation The information sent back to the ECU: • Die temperature • Excitation current • EXC duty cycle (DF) • Manufacturer and class • Faults: •Electrical, mechanical, temperature •LIN time out •LIN communication error: watchdog, check sum, Id parity, sync break The IC can be programmed as an OTP device (One Time Programmable) to fit a large number of alternators and applications. These programmable parameters are described in the functional device operation (Table 6). This circuit is specially designed to operate in harsh automotive environment. FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION PHASE (PH1 AND PH2) LIN BUS (BUS) These pins connect to stator windings. These signals are used for the rotor speed measurement, stator voltage measurement as well as the self start detection. This LIN pin represents the single-wire bus transmitter and receiver. It is suited for automotive bus systems and is based on the LIN bus specification v1.3. GROUND PINS (PGND, SGND) The 80310 has two different types of ground pins. The PGND pin is the power ground pin for the device. The SGND is the signal ground pin. Important: The PGND, the SGND pins must be connected together to a ground external to the device. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (B+A) The 80310 is supplied by this B+A pin. This voltage is also used as the feedback voltage by the control circuit. Figure 6. Internal Signals in Normal Mode In this situation the regulator stays in Normal mode. (P1 and P2 represent internal signals coming from the phase processor block, which are routed to the logic block). EXCITATION (EXC) This pin is connected to the excitation coil (rotor) of the alternator. The IC supplies a current via a high side MOSFET to the excitation winding to create a magnetic filed in the rotor. This generates sinusoidal currents in the stator which are rectified by a diode bridge. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 9 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION TC80310 - Functional Block Diagram Integrated Supply Bandgap Divider/Filter POR Charge Pump Logic & Control Phase Low & High Die Temperature A/D Converter Clock OTP Digital Drive and Protection Current Measurement LIN Supply Voltage Power Stage Power Logic& Control Figure 7. Functional Internal Block Diagram SUPPLY VOLTAGE: FILTER/DIVIDER, BANDGAP, AND POR LOGIC AND CONTROL: An input filter and divider provides a clean image of the battery to the digital regulation loop circuit. The divider ratio can be adjusted by OTP. The supply block provides the voltages for the internal blocks of the 80310: • Main logic • Analog permanently powered or not • LIN transceiver • Charge pump The purpose of the POR block is to generate a clean power-on signal to the main logic. The Bandgap block provides the voltage and current references for the other blocks. DIGITAL POWER STAGE: CHARGE PUMP, DRIVE AND PROTECTION, CURRENT MEASUREMENT The power stage of the circuit consists of the gate driver with a charge pump and protection to control a low side driver switching the excitation current. A short-circuit is instantaneously detected and the excitation current is turned off until the next regulation cycle. A freewheeling diode is inserted between the EXC and GND pins, across the excitation coil for the energy recirculation. The current measurement block provides a proportional value of the excitation current flowing in the high side switch. The digital block gathers all the digital functions of the device. The main functionality is described in the device operation paragraph. CLOCK This block is the clock reference for the digital block. The oscillator generates a 5.0 V square wave at the frequency of 4.0 MHz in Normal mode operation. OTP This block allows an easy configuration and adjustment of the circuit. A set of NVM bits can be programmed during the factory test phase. They are described in Table 6. PHASE LOW & HIGH The phase detector monitors the Phase inputs and sends filtered low and high levels to the main logic when either one has reached the detection level (1.0 V at startup and 8.0 V afterwards). ADC The analog to digital converter is used in the voltage regulation loop, in the current feedback and in temperature measurement. 80310 10 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION LIN This block allows the LIN bus transmission and reception. digital number to be transmitted via the LIN bus to the controller. T° MEASUREMENT POWER ON RESET (POR): This block generates a voltage proportional to the die temperature. This voltage is converted by the ADC into a When a Power On Reset occurs, product internal registers are reset and the product goes into standby mode. 5.00 4.80 4.60 4.40 4.20 4.00 -40.00 -10.00 20.00 50.00 80.00 110.00 140.00 Temp(deg C) 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 11 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES The following figure describes the battery operating voltage. DC BATTERY VOLTAGE MAX RATING 40 V 27 V (1.0 MIN.) LOAD DUMP DETECTION, EXCITATION OFF 21 V 16.5 V EXCITATION WITH MINIMUM PWM DUTY-CYCLE OVER-VOLTAGE FAULT DETECTION (16.5 V) 16 V 13.8 V 10.6 V 8.5 V 5.0 V REGULATION RANGE (PWM REGULATION) EXCITATION AVAILABLE WITH 100% OF DUTY-CYCLE (TARGETED VALUE IN LOGIC RAM) PREVIOUS LOGIC CONFIGURATION IS MAINTAINED. (LAST TARGETED VALUE STORED IN LOGIC RAM). 100% DUTY-CYCLE. NO LRC. LOGIC RESET (DEFAULT TARGET OF REGULATION) -2.4 V (5.0 SEC.) MAX RATING Figure 8. Battery Operating Voltage Range 80310 12 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION LOGIC COMMANDS AND REGISTERS LOGIC COMMANDS AND REGISTERS This IC is One Time Programmable (OTP), during the final test phase, in the factory. The OTP Programmable Options table (Table 6) describes the programmable functions that are selectable by the customer. These Non-volatile Memory (NVM) bits are not alterable after the OTP operation at the factory. Table 6. OTP Programmable Options Function OTP Bits Comments. Default Regulation Voltage 4 13.5 to 15 V, 100 mV steps Phase Start Regulating RPM(15), fSTART 3 800 - 2500 RPM, 8 possible values (800, 1050, 1300, 1550, 1800, 2050, 2300, 2500) Phase Stop Regulating RPM(15), fSTOP 2 500, 650, 850,1000 RPM LRC Disable RPM Default(15),fLRC 2 2400, 3000, 4000 RPM & never LRC Rate 2 0, 3.0, 6.4 & 12.3 seconds Alternator Pole-pairs 2 6, 7, 8 & 9 Slave Address 1 Two address options, A or B Phase Sensitivity (Startup) 2 0.45 V, 0.9 V, 1.35 V, 1.8 V(16) Self-start (Auto-amorcage) 1 Yes or No. Self-start Threshold 2 3000, 4000 RPM Bus Inactivity or Data Corruption Timeout 1 1.31 or 3 seconds Default LIN Readout Temp or EXC Current 1 Select Temperature or Current Thermal Fault Threshold 2 135 °C, 145 °C, 150 °C, 160 °C Thermal Compensation Threshold 2 135 °C, 145 °C, 150 °C, 160 °C Low Voltage Threshold 1 75% of the target regulation voltage or none Alternator Supplier and Class 3+5 Alternator Information. Crest Regulation 1 Enabled or disabled Parity Bit 1 Data Protection Special LIN Features, nvm-lin-special, LIN com with global ID (2B+3C) 1 Enabled or Disabled Security “lock bits“ 1 EOL Notes 15. These are adjustable independently, the IC internally compensates for the pole-pairs if the correct OTP setting is made. Frequency measurements are made over multiple cycles (8) for greater accuracy. 16. Typical values at room temp (30 °C) 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 13 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION STATE MACHINE STATE MACHINE The following diagram describes the state machine of the TC80310: Standby Edge on Phase - POR LIN Timeout with no Phase LIN MID3C if nvm_lin_special - LIN = 10.6V with no Phase LIN = 10.6V whatever the Phase if nvm_106V_ref_off No edge on Phase but Edge on LIN Wake-up on Phase W ake-up on LIN LIN Command with Vreg <> 10.6V: MID 29 if nvm_ALT1 MID2A if nvm_ALT2 MID2B if nvm_lin_special See cont. in Self-Start State Machine PRE-EXC Phase < Stop Phase > Start No High Phase1 in the previous cycle and Phase Regulation is ON Phase < Stop Phase Phase Regulation REGULATION REGULATION w LRC Phase < LRC (High Phase1 appears) or (100%DC during 8 cycles => Phase Regulation set OFF) Phase > LRC and first Vreg reached with LRC No High Phase1 in the previous cycle and Phase Regulation is ON Phase Phase Regulation REGULATION REGULATION w/o LRC (High Phase 1 appears) or (100%DC during 8 cycles => Phase Regulation set OFF) Figure 9. LIN Wake-up State Machine STANDBY: The 80310 is in standby mode, if there is a LIN timeout and in absence of alternator rotation (no phase), or in case of power and reset (POR), or with a LIN MID3C command if nvm_lin_special is set • There is no excitation. • The duty cycle (DC) is equal to zero. The device needs a small amount of quiescent current to feed some functions such as oscillator. LIN timeout means: • No activity on the LIN bus during a specified time • or on a LIN watchdog timeout during a specified time WAKE-UP: This state is reached when a transition is detected on the communication interface. • The logic is out of reset. • All the blocks are on. • There is no regulation. DC = 0% After a LIN timeout, if no valid instruction is decoded, then the device goes back into Stand-by mode. PRE-EXC: The pre-excitation state is reached as soon as a valid instruction for the regulated value (VREG), different from 10.6 V, is decoded. If B+A is lower than the expected (VREG), then the duty cycle is equal to DCSTART UP, or else DCMIN. The purpose of pre-excitation is to increase the magnetization of the alternator, to guarantee a minimum phase voltage for the rotor speed measurement when the engine starts. The pre-excitation stays active until the detection of phase starts regulating RPM (fSTART). REGULATION WITH LRC: In this mode, the 80310 regulates the alternator output to the set reference level. The excitation is controlled by LRC if this LRC mode is active until the detection of phase stop This 80310 14 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION STATE MACHINE with LRC mode. If the phase frequency goes below the phase stop regulating RPM, the device goes to pre-excitation mode. LRC mode is active until the detection of phase stop regulating RPM (fSTOP). In this case, the device goes back to the pre-excitation mode. If the phase frequency reaches the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), the device goes into regulation without LRC. RE-REGULATION: The excitation is forced to 100%. This mode is active if there is no high phase on non active phase (PHx < VPH) in the previous cycle, until the high phase comes back. At the end of the 8th cycle, if there is still no high phase, the regulation mode is set off and the device goes back to the regulation mode with or without LRC. REGULATION WITHOUT LRC: This mode is active when the phase frequency is above the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), the first VREG was reached with LRC. The excitation is controlled only by the internal comparator of B+A and VREG. The DC can not be lower than DCMIN. If the phase frequency goes below the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), then the 80310 comes back to the regulation B+A is lower than VREG. In any case, DC cannot be lower than DCMIN. . - S tand b y POR L IN Tim eo ut w ith no Ph ase L IN M ID 3 C if n vm _ lin _spe cial E d ge on Pha se . Re start tim er 10 0m s W ake -u p on P ha se L IN - C om m a nd with V reg <> 1 0.6 V: MID 29 if n vm _AL T 1 M ID 2A if nv m _AL T 2 M ID 2B if n vm _lin _sp ec ial T im e ou t 100 m s Ph ase > Star t_ aa . R estart timer 1 00 ms EX C 1 00 % D C T ime o ut 100 m s Hig h Ph ase 1 ap pears PR E-EX C P hase < Sto p P ha se > Start No High Ph ase1 in th e pr ev io us cycle an d P hase Regu lation is ON Ph ase < Stop R EG U L A TIO N w LRC Ph ase < L R C Phase > L RC an d first Vre g rea ched with L R C REG U LA T IO N w /o LRC (High Phase1 appe ars) o r (1 00% DC du rin g 8 cyc les = > Pha se Re gu la tion se t OF F) No Hig h Ph ase 1 in th e pr eviou s c ycle an d Ph ase Re gu la tion is ON (High P hase1 ap pear s) or (10 0% DC d uring 8 cycles => Pha se Regulation set OFF) Ph ase REG U LA T IO N P ha se R EG U LA TIO N Figure 10. Self-start State Machine This state machine runs only if self-start option has been The device needs a small amount of quiescent current to programmed. feed some functions such as oscillator. LIN timeout means: STANDBY: • No activity on the LIN bus during a specified time The 80310 is in Standby mode if there is a LIN timeout, • or on a LIN watchdog timeout during a specified time and in absence of alternator rotation (no phase), if power and reset (POR), or with a LIN MID3C command, if WAKE-UP: nvm_lin_special is set. This state is reached when an edge is detected on the • There is no excitation phase (Phase voltage > Phase sensitivity) • The duty cycle (DC) is equal to zero • The logic is out of reset 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 15 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION STATE MACHINE • All the blocks are on • There is no regulation. DC=0% After a 100 ms timeout, if the speed has not reached fSTART, then the device goes back to Standby mode. EXCITATION 100% DC: When the speed has reached Start_aa, then the device goes into this state until the high phase appears, or during a 100 ms maximum. • The logic is out of reset. • All the blocks are on. • There is no regulation. DC = 100% Start_aa (see Table 1): is a special threshold for the selfstart when it is in Wake-up mode, before going in EXC 100% DC, waiting for high phase. Once high phase appeared the state machine is exactly the same as with LIN wake-up Start_aa can be programmed at 3000 rpm or 4000 rpm. REGULATION WITH LRC: In this mode, the 80310 regulates the alternator output to the set reference level. The excitation is controlled by LRC, if B+A is lower than VREG. DC can not be lower than DCMIN. This LRC mode is active until the detection of phase stop regulating RPM (fSTOP). In this case, the device goes back to the Pre-excitation mode. If the phase frequency reaches the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), the device goes into regulation without LRC. REGULATION WITHOUT LRC: This mode is active when the phase frequency is above the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), the first VREG was reached with LRC. The excitation is controlled only by the internal comparator of B+A and VREG. The DC can not be lower than DCMIN. If the phase frequency goes below the LRC disable RPM default (fLRC), then the 80310 comes back to the regulation with LRC mode. If the phase frequency goes below the phase stop regulating RPM, the device goes to Pre-excitation mode. RE-REGULATION: The excitation is forced to 100%. This mode is active if there is no high phase on non active phase (PHx < VPH) in the previous cycle, until the high phase comes back. At the end of the 8th cycle, if there is still no high phase, the regulation mode is set to off and the device goes back to the regulation mode, with or without LRC. LIN BUS INFORMATION: The operational control and programming, required in the end application, is carried out through the LIN interface. Refer to Tables 7 to 15. The regulator shall only give pre-excitation when it receives a LIN command targeted for it, the shutdown command is the code that would otherwise set 10.6 V (“000000”). LIN addresses are listed in MID format, Table 8, while the data fields are listed in [MSB:LSB] format Table 10 lists the values for the Target/Programmed Regulated voltage contained in the Alternator A/B write data field (ID=29, 2A), byte 1. Table 11 lists the values for the LRC Ramp Time and Ramp Cut-off contained in the Alternator A/B write data field (ID=29,2A), byte 2. Table 12 lists the values for the die Temperature contained in the Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 2. Table 13 lists the values for the alternator Excitation Current contained in the Alternator A/B read data field(ID=11, 13), byte 2, as well as the Excitation duty cycle contained in the Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte1. Table 14 lists values for the excitation Current Limit contained in the Alternator A/B write data field (ID=29, 2A), byte 3. Table 15 lists the values for the alternator Manufacturer and Class code contained in the Alternator A/Bread data field (ID=12, 14), byte 1. 80310 16 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES COMMAND TABLES Table 7. LIN Command Information Function LIN Active Bits VREG Digital W 6 LRC Rate W 4 LRC Disable Frequency W 4 Excitation Current Limitation (0 A to 7.75 A) W 5 Status & Diagnostic R 5 EXC Duty-Cycle R 5 Excitation Current R 6 (17) Die Temperature R 6(18) Manufacturing Information R 8 Notes 17. This information is given as 6 bits and is only accurate: a) from 0 °C to 25 °C: - from 0 A to 3.875 A: +/- 375 mA - from 3.875 A to 7.75 A:+/- 10% b) outside the previous temperature range: - from 0 to 3.875 A: +/-625 mA - from 3.875 A to 7.75 A: +/-15% Currents higher than 7.75 A, which may be possible at low temperature, are reported as 7.75 A. Excitation Current and Die Temperature functions are exclusive. 18. This gives a resolution of 3.5 degrees and the accuracy is +/-10 degrees. Excitation Current and Die Temperature functions are exclusive. Table 8. LIN Byte/Direction Data Format Bytes Direction(19) 29 4 M to S Write Regulator Control Data to Alt. A 11 2 S to M Read Regulator Status 2 Bytes from Alt. A 12 2 S to M Read Regulator Identifier 2 Bytes from Alt. A 2A 4 M to S Write Regulator Control Data to Alt. B 13 2 S to M Read Regulator Status 2 Bytes from Alt. B 14 2 S to M Read Regulator Identifier 2 Bytes from Alt. B 2B 4 M to S Write Regulator Control Data to Alt. A and Alt. B 3C 4 M to S Global Sleep Command (first byte 0x00) MID (hex) ID [5:1] Message Name ALTERNATOR A ALTERNATOR B GLOBAL Notes 19. M to S = Master to Slave; S to M = Slave to Master 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 17 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 9. LIN Read/Write Data Format ALTERNATOR A DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR A WRITE COMMAND: ID = 29 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BYTE 1 x x Target Voltage [5:0] BYTE 2 Ramp Rate [3:0] Ramp Cutoff [3:0] BYTE 3 x x x x x x Current LImit [4:0] BYTE 4 x x x x x x 2 1 0 F_EL F_MEC F_HT 1 0 ALTERNATOR A DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR A READ COMMAND: ID = 11 7 6 5 4 3 BYTE 1 EXC Duty Cycle [4:0] BYTE 2 LIN Bus Timeout Measured Current or Temperature [5:0] Com error ALTERNATOR A DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR A READ COMMAND: ID = 12 7 6 5 4 3 2 BYTE 1 Manufacturer [2:0] Class[4:0] BYTE 2 0 0 0 0 Slave Not Responding Checksum ID Parity Fault Sync Break Fault 2 1 0 ALTERNATOR B DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR B WRITE COMMAND: ID = 2A 7 6 5 4 3 BYTE 1 x x Target Voltage [5:0] BYTE 2 Ramp Rate [3:0] Ramp Cutoff [3:0] BYTE 3 x x x x x x x Current LImit [4:0] BYTE 4 x x x x x 80310 18 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 9. LIN Read/Write Data Format ALTERNATOR B DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR B READ COMMAND: ID = 13 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 F_EL F_MEC F_HT 1 0 Checksum ID Parity Fault Sync Break Fault 2 1 0 BYTE 1 EXC Duty Cycle [4:0] BYTE 2 LIN Bus Timeout Measured Current or Temperature [5:0] Com error ALTERNATOR B DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR B READ COMMAND: ID = 14 7 6 5 4 3 2 BYTE 1 Class[4:0] Manufacturer [2:0] BYTE 2 0 0 0 0 Slave Not Responding GLOBAL DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR A+B WRITE COMMAND: ID = 2B(20) 7 6 5 4 3 BYTE 1 x x Target Voltage [5:0] BYTE 2 Ramp Rate [3:0] Ramp Cutoff [3:0] BYTE 3 x x x x x x Current LImit [4:0] BYTE 4 x x x x x x GLOBAL DATA FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR ALTERNATOR A+B SLEEP COMMAND: ID = 3C(20) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x BYTE 1 0 BYTE 2 x BYTE 3 x BYTE 4 x Notes 20. To access this command, NVM bit “Special LIN Features“ must have been programmed 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 19 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 10. Target/Programmed Voltage Code V Code V 000000 10.6/OFF(21) 100000 13.8(22) 000001 10.7 100001 13.9 000010 10.8 100010 14.0 000011 10.9 100011 14.1 000100 11.0 100100 14.2 000101 11.1 100101 14.3 000110 11.2 100110 14.4 000111 11.3 100111 14.5 001000 11.4 101000 14.6 001001 11.5 101001 14.7 001010 11.6 101010 14.8 001011 11.7 101011 14.9 001100 11.8 101100 15.0 001101 11.9 101101 15.1 001110 12.0 101110 15.2 001111 12.1 101111 15.3 010000 12.2 110000 15.4 010001 12.3 110001 15.5 010010 12.4 110010 15.6 010011 12.5 110011 15.7 010100 12.6 110100 15.8 010101 12.7 110101 15.9 010110 12.8 110110 16.0 010111 12.9 110111 16.0 011000 13.0 111000 16.0 011001 13.1 111001 16.0 011010 13.2 111010 16.0 011011 13.3 111011 16.0 011100 13.4 111100 16.0 011101 13.5 111101 16.0 011110 13.6 111110 16.0 011111 13.7 111111 16.0 Notes 21. If 000000 is sent the regulator will set 10.60 V or shutdown if no LIN command with a voltage setting higher than 10.6 V was sent beforehand. 22. Default for self-start, adjustable in OTP between 13.5 V and 15.0 V. 80310 20 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 11. LRC Programming Information. Ramp Time Seconds Ramp Cut-off RPM 0000 0 0000 2400 0001 1.3 0001 2530 0010 2.1 0010 2670 0011 3.0(23) 0011 2830 0100 3.8 0100 3000(23) 0101 4.7 0101 3200 0110 5.5 0110 3430 0111 6.4 0111 3690 1000 7.2 1000 4000 1001 8.1 1001 4360 1010 8.9 1010 4790 1011 9.8 1011 5320 1100 10.6 1100 5990 1101 11.5 1101 6860 1110 12.3 1110 8010 1111 13.2 1111 Always Active Notes 23. Default, adjustable by OTP. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 21 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 12. Temperature Information, Sent Back to the Master. Temperature oC Temperature oC 000000 -40 100000 72 000001 -36.5 100001 75.5 000010 -33 100010 79 000011 -29.5 100011 82.5 000100 -26 100100 86 000101 -22.5 100101 89.5 000110 -19 100110 93 000111 -15.5 100111 96.5 001000 -12 101000 100 001001 -8.5 101001 103.5 001010 -5 101010 107 001011 -1.5 101011 110.5 001100 2 101100 114 001101 5.5 101101 117.5 001110 9 101110 121 001111 12.5 101111 124.5 010000 16 110000 128 010001 19.5 110001 131.5 010010 23 110010 135 010011 26.5 110011 138.5 010100 30 110100 142 010101 33.5 110101 145.5 010110 37 110110 149 010111 40.5 110111 152.5 011000 44 111000 156 011001 47.5 111001 159.5 011010 51 111010 163 011011 54.5 111011 166.5 011100 58 111100 170 011101 61.5 111101 173.5 011110 65 111110 177 011111 68.5 111111 180.5 80310 22 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 13. Excitation Information sent back to the Master. EXC Code EXC Current (A)(24) DF Code (EXC duty cycle) DF (%)(25) 000000 0 00000 0 000010 0.25 00001 3. 000100 0.5 00010 6.5 000110 0.75 00011 9.5 001000 1 00100 13 001010 1.25 00101 16 001100 1.5 00110 19.5 001110 1.75 00111 22.5 010000 2 01000 26 010010 2.25 01001 29 010100 2.5 01010 32.5 010110 2.75 01011 35.5 011000 3 01100 38.5 011010 3.25 01101 42 011100 3.5 01110 45 011110 3.75 01111 48.5 100000 4 10000 51.5 100010 4.25 10001 55 100100 4.5 10010 58 100110 4.75 10011 61.5 101000 5 10100 64.5 101010 5.25 10101 67.5 101100 5.5 10110 71 101110 5.75 10111 74 110000 6 11000 77.5 110010 6.25 11001 80.5 110100 6.5 11010 84 110110 6.75 11011 87 111000 7 11100 90.5 111010 7.25 11101 93.5 111100 7.5 11110 97 111110 7.75 11111 100 Notes 24. 6 bits of data will be available, but only 5 bits are tabulated. 25. Rounded to nearest half percent. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 23 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION COMMAND TABLES Table 14. More Excitation Information, Received from the Master. Current Limitation(26) A 00000 No Limit 00001 2.0 00010 2.0 00011 2.0 00100 2.0 00101 2.0 00110 2.0 00111 2.0 01000 2.0 01001 2.25 01010 2.5 01011 2.75 01100 3.0 01101 3.25 01110 3.5 01111 3.75 10000 4.0 10001 4.25 10010 4.5 10011 4.75 10100 5.0 10101 5.25 10110 5.5 10111 5.75 11000 6.0 11001 6.25 11010 6.5 11011 6.75 11100 7.0 11101 7.25 11110 7.5 11111 7.75 Notes 26. Default is “00000”, no limitation. 80310 24 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION THERMAL COMPENSATION THERMAL COMPENSATION This function is activated when internal temperature is above thermal threshold (135,145,150, or 160 degrees). In this case, the V setting fixed by the LIN or by default is compensated to reduce internal temperature. The de-rating is calculated depending on the 4 categories of V setting. Figure 11. Thermal Compensation Table 15. Thermal Compensation Ptc (mV/degree) Thermal Threshold (degrees) Vset[5:4] Vset (V) 135 145 150 160 00 10.6-12.1 V 50 50 50 100 01 12.2-13.7 V 100 100 100 200 10 13.8-15.3 V 100 200 200 400 11 15.4-16 V 200 200 200 400 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 25 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION PROTECTION AND DIAGNOSIS FEATURES PROTECTION AND DIAGNOSIS FEATURES FAULT DETECTION General Notes All fault reporting passes through a 400 ms digital filter to avoid false indication problems, and transition from one fault type to another should be “clean”. MECHANICAL FAULT (F_MEC) The Phase is off (Low Phase RPM below stop_regulation threshold). Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 1. ELECTRICAL FAULT (F_EL) If one of these faults appear: • The number of “1”s in all the OTP bits, NVM[80:1] is not ODD. The parity bit is included in the calculation • The Phase is on (Low Phase RPM above stop_regulation threshold) but High Phase 1 is not detected • B+A reaches 16.5 V with EXC at 100% DC • Short circuit excitation load • B+A stays at 75% of the target voltage when LRC is off Note: This 5th additional condition is enabled only when the NVM bit “Low Voltage Threshold” is enabled. Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 1. ELECTRICAL FAULT (HP MASK) A fault detection when High phase signal is cut is reported on the electrical fault. Option (OTP) available to remove this fault detection. THERMAL FAULT (F_HT) A thermal fault is reported when the die temperature exceeds the programmed threshold. Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 1. The programmed threshold in hexadecimal corresponds to the following temperature in degrees: • 6'b110010;//135degres • 6'b110100;//145degres • 6'b110110;//150degres • 6'b111001;//160degres ADDITIONAL ERRORS LIN Bus Timeout Check two timeouts: • Activity on RXD is below 3 or 8 seconds (depending on the OTP bit) • Time between two consecutive valid messages is below 3 or 8 seconds (depending on the OTP bit) This flag is reset once the microcontroller sends MID 11 for ALTA, or MID 13 for Alt B. Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 2. Comm Error Checks the ID parity bits + Checksum byte + (TXD = RXD when responding) + LIN Physical layout not in over-current limitation. Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=11, 13), byte 2. LIN protocol errors: • Sync Break Error: This flag is up when Synchro break Field duration is lower than 10Tbits. • Identifier parity Error: Comm error flag also reported in MID11 • Checksum Error: Comm error flag also reported in MID11 • Slave not responding Error: Tframe Max exceeded (LIN Specification revision 1.3). These flags are reset once the microcontroller sends MID 12 for ALTA, or MID 14 for Alt B. Reported in Alternator A/B read data field (ID=12, 14), byte 2. 80310 26 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor PACKAGING DIE DIMENSIONS PACKAGING DIE DIMENSIONS 5050μm PH2 1 BUS 6080 μm SGND PH1 2 3 ORIGIN (0,0) Y Axis 4 B+A 5 EXC 6 PGND 7 SCALE = Approximately 20:1 X Axis Pad Function Die Coordinates (Origin at Center of Die) X /μm Y /μm 1 PH2 2166 2158 2 PH1 2098 1217 3 BUS -1989 834 4 SIGNAL GROUND(27) -1989 0 5 B+A 1179 -840 6 EXC 1179 -1987 7 POWER GROUND(27) - 367 -2631 Notes 27. Both Signal and Power Grounds must be connected for correct operation. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 27 PACKAGING DIE CHARACTERISTICS DIE CHARACTERISTICS The die is designed to be fitted into a customer designed package, however as so many wiring configurations exist not all may be possible from the same die design. Due to thermal considerations, soldering is the preferred die attach method, but under some circumstances, conductive epoxy may be acceptable. Table 16. Physical Die Characteristics. Mechanical data Length Width Units Main Bonding Pad Size (200 μm wire) 0.66 0.5 mm Die Size (Length x Width) 6.08 5.05 mm Die Thickness 0.36 N/A mm Cr/CrAg/Ag N/A N/A Die Back Metal Thickness, Typical 2.1 N/A μm Die Top Metal Thickness, Typical 2.0 N/A μm 99.5 Al 0.5 Cu % Die Back Metal Composition Die Top Metal Composition 80310 28 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor PACKAGING OTP DEFAULT CONFIGURATION (WITHOUT ANY PROGRAMMING) OTP DEFAULT CONFIGURATION (WITHOUT ANY PROGRAMMING) Default Regulation Voltage: 13.5 V Phase Start Regulation: 800 RPM Phase Stop Regulation: 500 RPM LRC disable: 2400 RPM LRC Rate: No LRC Alternator Pole-pairs: 6 Slave Address: MID 29/11/12 Self start: ON Self start threshold: 3000 RPM BUS Time-out: 3 s LIN Readout: Current Thermal Compensation Threshold: 160 °C 10.6 V Reg: OFF. The 10.6 V command is a real 10.6 V regulation when phase is ON (if Programmed, this command becomes a regulation OFF command; lower regulation command is 10.7 V) EL Fault HP mask: ON The fault detection when the high phase signal is cut, is reported on the electrical fault (if programmed, this part of the electrical fault is masked) Low voltage threshold: none One pole Filter: No, default is 2 pole filter Crest regulation: OFF LIN Com with Global ID (MID 2B + 3C): OFF CREST REGULATION Crest regulation bit OFF: The product is in load dump mode. EXC is stopped when the internal filter reaches Load dump detection threshold (21 V typ.). The delay is given by the internal filter (~1.0 ms). Crest regulation bit is ON: The product is in crest regulation mode. EXC is stopped immediately when internal ADC reaches 21 V. The delay is given by the ADC (~16 µs). For these two modes, Load Dump or Crest regulation, EXC is always OFF if the condition on B+A is present. 80310 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 29 REVISION HISTORY REVISION HISTORY REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES 1.0 12/2008 • Initial Release 2.0 5/2011 • • • • • • • • • • • • Add ESD values and electrical characteristics Add limits max/min in electrical characteristics table + graphs Remove backmetal option Add Table1 Page 2. Version-determined Electrical parameters Change Thermal Shutdown value, Modification in the LIN fault detection paragraph. Change wording in LIN Fault detection paragraph Add machine Model in electrical ratings table Change LIN timeout value (1.3s instead of 8s) + slight changes in diagrams Wording change Change in table 1 page 3 on BUS inactivity column from 3/8 to 1.31/3 Change in figure 1 and 2 + device table Added TC80310AWS to the ordering information 80310 30 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor How to Reach Us: Home Page: www.freescale.com Web Support: http://www.freescale.com/support USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2009-2011. All rights reserved. TC80310 Rev 2.0 5/2011