FREESCALE MC33926PNB/R2

Freescale Semiconductor
Advance Information
Document Number: MC33926
Rev. 9.0, 12/2009
5.0 A Throttle Control H-Bridge
33926
The 33926 is a monolithic H-Bridge Power IC designed primarily
for automotive electronic throttle control, but is applicable to any lowvoltage DC servo motor control application within the current and
voltage limits stated in this specification.
The 33926 is able to control inductive loads with currents up to
5.0 A peak. RMS current capability is subject to the degree of
heatsinking provided to the device package. Internal peak-current
limiting (regulation) is activated at load currents above 6.5 A ± 1.5 A.
Output loads can be pulse width modulated (PWM’ed) at frequencies
up to 20 kHz. A load current feedback feature provides a proportional
(0.24% of the load current) current output suitable for monitoring by a
microcontroller’s A/D input. A Status Flag output reports undervoltage, over-current, and over-temperature fault conditions.
Two independent inputs provide polarity control of two half-bridge
totem-pole outputs. Two independent disable inputs are provided to
force the H-Bridge outputs to tri-state (high-impedance off-state). An
inverted input changes the IN1 and IN2 inputs to LOW = true logic.
AUTOMOTIVE THROTTLE H-BRIDGE
ACTUATOR/ MOTOR EXCITER
Bottom
SCALE View
2:1
PNB SUFFIX (Pb-FREE)
98ARL10579D
32-PIN PQFN
Features
• 5.0 to 28 V continuous operation (transient operation from 5.0 to
40 V)
• 225 mΩ maximum RDS(ON) @ 150°C (each H-Bridge MOSFET)
ORDERING INFORMATION
• 3.0 V and 5.0 V TTL / CMOS logic compatible inputs
Temperature
Device
Package
• Over-current limiting (Regulation) via an internal constant-off-time
Range (TA)
PWM
MC33926PNB/R2 -40°C to 125°C
32 PQFN
• Output short-circuit protection (short to VPWR or ground)
• Temperature-dependent current-limit threshold reduction
• All Inputs have an internal source/sink to define the default (floating input) states
• Sleep mode with current draw < 50 µA (with inputs floating or set to match default logic states)
• Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code PNB
VPWR
VDD
33926
SF
VPWR
FB
CCP
IN1
OUT1
IN2
MCU
MOTOR
INV
SLEW
OUT2
D1
D2
PGND
EN
AGND
Figure 1. 33926 Simplified Application Diagram
* This document contains certain information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2007-2009. All rights reserved.
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VPWR
LOGIC SUPPLY
CCP
VDD
VCP CHARGE
PUMP
HS1
HS2
OUT1
TO GATES
EN
HS1
IN1
LS1
IN2
HS2
D2
D1
INV
GATE DRIVE
AND
PROTECTION
LOGIC
SLEW
OUT2
LS1
PGND
LS2
VSENSE
ILIM PWM
SF
LS2
CURRENT MIRROR
AND
CONSTANT OFF-TIME
PWM CURRENT REGULATOR
FB
PGND
AGND
Figure 2. 33926 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
33926
2
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
PIN CONNECTIONS
D1
OUT2
OUT2
OUT2
OUT2
25
NC
2
24
PGND
SLEW
3
23
PGND
VPWR
4
22
PGND
AGND
5
21
SF
VPWR
6
20
PGND
INV
7
19
PGND
FB
8
18
PGND
NC
9
17
NC
AGND
D2
OUT1
OUT1
OUT1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
OUT1
IN1
32 31 30 29 28 27 26
VPWR
1
EN
Transparent Top
View of Package
IN2
VPWR
CCP
PIN CONNECTIONS
Figure 3. 33926 Pin Connections
Table 1. 33926 Pin Definitions
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Description section beginning on page 12.
Pin
Pin Name
Pin
Function
Formal Name
Definition
1
IN2
Logic Input
Input 2
Logic input control of OUT2; e.g., when IN2 is logic HIGH, OUT2 is set to VPWR,
and when IN2 is logic LOW, OUT2 is set to PGND. (Schmitt trigger input with
~ 80 μA source so default condition = OUT2 HIGH.)
2
IN1
Logic Input
Input 1
Logic input control of OUT1; e.g., when IN1 is logic HIGH, OUT1 is set to VPWR,
and when IN1 is logic LOW, OUT1 is set to PGND. (Schmitt trigger Input with
~ 80 μA source so default condition = OUT1 HIGH.)
3
SLEW
Logic Input
Slew Rate
Logic input to select fast or slow slew rate. (Schmitt trigger input with ~ 80 μA
sink so default condition = slow.)
4, 6, 11, 31
VPWR
Power Input
Positive Power
Supply
These pins must be connected together physically as close as possible and
directly soldered down to a wide, thick, low resistance supply plane on the PCB.
5,
Exposed
Pad
AGND
Analog
Ground
Analog Signal
Ground
The low current analog signal ground must be connected to PGND via low
impedance path (<<10 mΩ, 0 Hz to 20 kHz). Exposed copper pad is also the
main heatsinking path for the device.
7
INV
Logic Input
Input Invert
Sets IN1 and IN2 to logic LOW = TRUE. (Schmitt trigger input with ~ 80 μA sink
so default condition = non-inverted.)
8
FB
Analog
Output
Feedback
Load current feedback output provides ground referenced 0.24% of H-Bridge
high-side output current. (Tie pin to GND through a resistor if not used.)
9, 17, 25
NC
10
EN
Logic Input
No Connect
No internal connection is made to this pin.
Enable Input
When EN is logic HIGH, the device is operational. When EN is logic LOW, the
device is placed in Sleep mode. (logic input with ~ 80 μA sink so default
condition = Sleep mode.)
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
3
PIN CONNECTIONS
Table 1. 33926 Pin Definitions (continued)
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Description section beginning on page 12.
Pin
Function
Formal Name
Definition
Pin
Pin Name
12, 13,
14, 15
OUT1
Power
Output
H-Bridge Output 1
16
D2
Logic Input
Disable Input 2
(Active Low)
When D2 is logic LOW, both OUT1 and OUT2 are tri-stated. (Schmitt trigger
input with ~80 μA sink so default condition = disabled.)
18 – 20,
22 – 24
PGND
Power
Ground
Power Ground
High-current power ground pins must be connected together physically as
close as possible and directly soldered down to a wide, thick, low resistance
ground plane on the PCB.
21
SF
Logic
Output Open Drain
Status Flag
(Active Low)
26
D1
Logic Input
Disable Input 1
(Active High)
27, 28,
29, 30
OUT2
Power
Output
H-Bridge Output 2
32
CCP
Analog
Output
Charge Pump
Capacitor
Source of high-side MOSFET1 and drain of low-side MOSFET1.
Open drain active LOW status flag output (requires an external pull-up resistor
to VDD. Maximum permissible load current < 0.5 mA. Maximum VCEsat
< 0.4 V @ 0.3 mA. Maximum permissible pullup voltage < 7.0 V.)
When D1 is logic HIGH, both OUT1 and OUT2 are tri-stated. Schmitt trigger
input with ~80 μA source so default condition = disabled.
Source of high-side MOSFET2 and drain of low-side MOSFET2.
External reservoir capacitor connection for internal charge pump; connected to
VPWR. Allowable values are 30 to 100 ηF. Note: This capacitor is required for
the proper performance of the device.
33926
4
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2. Maximum Ratings
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or
permanent damage to the device. These parameters are not production tested.
Ratings
Symbol
Value
Unit
ELECTRICAL RATINGS
Power Supply Voltage
V
Normal Operation (Steady-state)
Transient Over-voltage (1)
Logic Input Voltage
SF Output
(2)
(3)
Continuous Output Current
ESD Voltage
(4)
VPWR(SS)
VPWR(t)
- 0.3 to 28
VIN
- 0.3 to 7.0
V
V SF
- 0.3 to 7.0
V
IOUT(CONT)
5.0
A
VESD1
± 2000
- 0.3 to 40
(5)
V
Human Body Model
Machine Model
± 200
Charge Device Model
Corner Pins (1,9,17,25)
VESD2
±750
All Other Pins
±500
THERMAL RATINGS
Storage Temperature
Operating Temperature
TSTG
- 65 to 150
(6)
°C
°C
Ambient
TA
- 40 to 125
Junction
TJ
- 40 to 150
Notes
1. Device will survive repetitive transient overvoltage conditions for durations not to exceed 500 ms @ duty cycle not to exceed 10%.
External protection is required to prevent device damage in case of a reverse battery condition.
2. Exceeding the maximum input voltage on IN1, IN2, EN, INV, SLEW, D1, or D2 may cause a malfunction or permanent damage to the
device.
3. Exceeding the pullup resistor voltage on the open drain SF pin may cause permanent damage to the device.
4. Continuous output current capability is dependent on sufficient package heatsinking to keep junction temperature ≤ 150°C.
5. ESD1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (CZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 Ω), ESD2 testing is performed in
accordance with the Machine Model (CZAP = 200 pF, RZAP = 0 Ω), and the Charge Device Model (CDM), Robotic (CZAP = 4.0pF).
6.
The limiting factor is junction temperature, taking into account the power dissipation, thermal resistance, and heat sinking provided. Brief
non-repetitive excursions of junction temperature above 150°C can be tolerated provided the duration does not exceed 30 seconds
maximum. (Non-repetitive events are defined as not occurring more than once in 24 hours.)
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2. Maximum Ratings (continued)
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or
permanent damage to the device. These parameters are not production tested.
Ratings
Symbol
Value
Unit
Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Reflow (7), (8)
TPPRT
250
°C
Approximate Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (9)
RθJC
< 1.0
°C/W
Notes
7. Pin soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may
cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device.
8. Freescale’s Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements for JEDEC standard J-STD-020C for Peak Package Reflow
Temperature and Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL),
9. Exposed heatsink pad plus the power and ground pins comprise the main heat conduction paths. The actual RθJB (junction-to-PC board)
values will vary depending on solder thickness and composition and copper trace thickness and area. Maximum current at maximum
die temperature represents ~16 W of conduction loss heating in the diagonal pair of output MOSFETs. Therefore, the RθJA must be
< 5.0°C/W for maximum current at 70°C ambient. Module thermal design must be planned accordingly.
33926
6
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions 5.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 28 V, - 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, GND = 0 V unless otherwise noted. Typical
values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
VPWR(SS)
5.0
–
28
VPWR(t)
–
–
40
–
–
50
–
–
20
4.15
–
–
Unit
POWER INPUTS (VPWR)
Operating Voltage Range (10)
V
Steady-state
Transient (t < 500 ms) (11)
Sleep State Supply Current
(12)
μA
IPWR(SLEEP)
EN, D2, INV, SLEW = Logic [0], IN1, IN2, D1 = Logic [1], and
IOUT = 0 A
Standby Supply Current (Part Enabled)
IPWR(STANDBY)
IOUT = 0 A, VEN = 5.0 V
mA
Under-voltage Lockout Thresholds
VPWR(FALLING)
VUVLO(ACTIVE)
VPWR(RISING)
V
VUVLO(INACTIVE)
–
–
5.0
V
VUVLO(HYS)
150
200
350
mV
VPWR = 5.0 V
3.5
–
–
VPWR = 28 V
–
–
12
VI
–
–
5.5
V
Logic Threshold HIGH
VIH
2.0
–
–
V
Logic Threshold LOW
VIL
–
–
1.0
V
VHYS
250
400
–
mV
VTH
1.0
–
2.0
V
20
80
200
-200
-80
-20
Hysteresis
CHARGE PUMP
Charge Pump Voltage (CP Capacitor = 33 nF)
VCP - VPWR
V
CONTROL INPUTS
Operating Input Voltage (EN, IN1, IN2, D1, D2, INV, SLEW)
Input Voltage (IN1, IN2, D1, D2, INV, SLEW)
(13)
Hysteresis
Input Voltage (EN) Threshold
Logic Input Currents, VPWR = 5.0 V
Inputs EN, D2, INV, SLEW (internal pull-downs), VIH = 5.0 V
Inputs IN1, IN2, D1 (internal pull-ups), VIL = 0V
μA
IIN
Notes
10. Device specifications are characterized over the range of 8.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 28 V. Continuous operation above 28 V may degrade device
reliability. Device is operational down to 5.0 V, but below 8.0 V the output resistance may increase by 50 percent.
11. Device will survive the transient overvoltage indicated for a maximum duration of 500 ms. Transient not to be repeated more than once
every 10 seconds.
12. IPWR(SLEEP) is with Sleep mode activated and EN, D2, INV, SLEW = logic [0], and IN1, IN2, D1 = logic [1] or with these inputs left floating.
13.
SLEW input voltage hysteresis is guaranteed by design.
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
7
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Characteristics noted under conditions 5.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 28 V, - 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, GND = 0 V unless otherwise noted. Typical
values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
–
120
–
VPWR = 8.0 V, TJ = 150°C
–
–
225
VPWR = 5.0 V, TJ = 150°C
–
–
325
5.2
6.5
8.0
–
4.2
–
ISCH
11
13
16
A
ISCL
9.0
11
14
A
POWER OUTPUTS OUT1, OUT2
Output-ON Resistance (15), ILOAD = 3.0 A
RDS(ON)
VPWR = 8.0 V, TJ = 25°C
Output Current Regulation Threshold
ILIM
TJ < TFB
TJ ≥ TFB (Fold back Region - see Figure 9 and Figure 11) (14)
High Side Short-circuit Detection Threshold (Short-circuit to GND) (14)
Low Side Short-circuit Detection Threshold (Short-circuit to VPWR)
Output Leakage Current
(16)
, Outputs off, VPWR = 28 V
(14)
A
μA
IOUTLEAK
VOUT = VPWR
VOUT = Ground
Output MOSFET Body Diode Forward Voltage Drop
mΩ
–
–
100
–60
–
–
–
–
2.0
VF
IOUT = 3.0 A
V
Over-temperature Shutdown (14)
°C
Thermal Limit @ TJ
TLIM
175
–
200
Hysteresis @ TJ
THYS
–
12
–
Current Foldback at TJ(14)
TFB
165
–
185
°C
Current Foldback to Thermal Shutdown Separation (14)
TSEP
10
–
15
°C
HIGH SIDE CURRENT SENSE FEEDBACK
Feedback Current (pin FB sourcing current) (17)
I FB
I OUT = 0 mA
0.0
–
50
μA
I OUT = 300 mA
0.0
270
750
μA
I OUT = 500 mA
0.35
0.775
1.56
mA
I OUT = 1.5 A
2.86
3.57
4.28
mA
I OUT = 3.0 A
5.71
7.14
8.57
mA
I OUT = 6.0 A
11.43
14.29
17.15
mA
–
–
5.0
–
–
0.4
STATUS FLAG (18)
Status Flag Leakage Current (19)
Status Flag SET Voltage (20)
VSFLOW
I SF = 300 µA
Notes
14.
15.
16.
17.
μA
ISFLEAK
V SF = 5.0 V
V
This parameter is guaranteed by design.
Output-ON resistance as measured from output to VPWR and from output to GND.
Outputs switched OFF via D1 or D2.
Accuracy is better than 20% from 0.5 to 6.0 A. Recommended terminating resistor value: RFB = 270 Ω.
18.
Status Flag output is an open drain output requiring a pull-up resistor to logic VDD.
19.
20.
Status Flag Leakage Current is measured with Status Flag HIGH and not SET.
Status Flag Set Voltage measured with Status Flag LOW and SET with I FS = 300 μA. Maximum allowable sink current from this pin is
< | 500 μA | . Maximum allowable pull-up voltage < 7.0 V.
33926
8
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions 5.0 V ≤ VPWR ≤ 28 V, - 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, GND = 0 V unless otherwise noted. Typical
values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
PWM Frequency (21)
f PWM
–
–
20
kHz
Maximum Switching Frequency During Current Limit Regulation (22)
f MAX
–
–
20
kHz
Output ON Delay (23)
t DON
–
–
18
–
–
12
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
VPWR = 14 V
Output OFF Delay (23)
μs
μs
t DOFF
VPWR = 14 V
ILIM Output Constant-OFF Time (24)
tA
15
20.5
32
μs
ILIM Blanking Time (25)
tB
12
16.5
27
μs
t DDISABLE
–
–
8.0
μs
SLEW = SLOW
1.5
3.0
6.0
SLEW = FAST
0.2
–
1.45
Disable Delay Time (26)
Output Rise and Fall Time
(27)
Short-circuit / Over-temperature Turn-OFF (Latch-OFF) Time (28) (29)
μs
t F, t R
t FAULT
–
–
8.0
μs
Power-ON Delay Time (29)
t POD
–
1.0
5.0
ms
Output MOSFET Body Diode Reverse Recovery Time (29)
tRR
75
100
150
ns
Charge Pump Operating Frequency (29)
fCP
–
7.0
–
MHz
Notes
21. The maximum PWM frequency is obtained when the device is set to Fast Slew Rate via the SLEW pin. PWM-ing when SLEW is set to
SLOW should be limited to frequencies < 11 kHz in order to allow the internal high side driver circuitry time to fully enhance the high side
MOSFETs.
22. The internal current limit circuitry produces a constant-OFF-time Pulse Width Modulation of the output current. The output load’s
inductance, capacitance, and resistance characteristics affect the total switching period (OFF-time + ON-time), and thus the PWM
frequency during current limit.
23. Output Delay is the time duration from 1.5 V on the IN1 or IN2 input signal to the 20% or 80% point (dependent on the transition direction)
of the OUT1 or OUT2 signal. If the output is transitioning HIGH-to-LOW, the delay is from 1.5 V on the input signal to the 80% point of
the output response signal. If the output is transitioning LOW-to-HIGH, the delay is from 1.5 V on the input signal to the 20% point of the
output response signal. See Figure 4, page 10.
24. The time during which the internal constant-OFF time PWM current regulation circuit has tri-stated the output bridge.
25. The time during which the current regulation threshold is ignored so that the short-circuit detection threshold comparators may have time
to act.
26. Disable Delay Time measurement is defined in Figure 5, page 10.
27. Rise Time is from the 10% to the 90% level and Fall Time is from the 90% to the 10% level of the output signal with VPWR = 14 V,
RLOAD = 3.0 ohm. See Figure 6, page 10.
28.
29.
Load currents ramping up to the current regulation threshold become limited at the ILIM value (see Figure 7). The short-circuit currents
possess a di/dt that ramps up to the ISCH or ISCL threshold during the ILIM blanking time, registering as a short-circuit event detection and
causing the shutdown circuitry to force the output into an immediate tri-state latch-OFF (see Figure 8). Operation in Current Limit mode
may cause junction temperatures to rise. Junction temperatures above ~160°C will cause the output current limit threshold to “fold back”,
or decrease, until ~175°C is reached, after which the TLIM thermal latch-OFF will occur. Permissible operation within this fold back region
is limited to non-repetitive transient events of duration not to exceed 30 seconds (see Figure 9).
Parameter is guaranteed by design.
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
9
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TIMING DIAGRAMS
VIN1, IN2 (V)
5.0
VOUT1, 2 (V)
TIMING DIAGRAMS
VPWR
1.5 V
1.5 V
0
t DON
t DOFF
80%
20%
0
TIME
5.0 V
1.5 V
0V
IO = 100mA
VOUT1, 2
VD1, D2 (V)
Figure 4. Output Delay Time
tDDISABLE
90%
0V
TIME
Figure 5. Disable Delay Time
VOUT1, 2 (V)
.
tF
VPWR
tR
90%
90%
10%
0
10%
TIME
Figure 6. Output Switching Time
Overload Condition
IOUT, CURRENT (A)
9.0
ISC Short Circuit Detection Threshold
tB
6.5
0.0
5.0
tB = Ilim Blanking Time
tA = Constant-OFF Time (OUT1 and OUT2 Tri-Stated)
tA
Ilim
t ON
TIME
Figure 7. Current Limit Blanking Time and Constant-OFF Time
33926
10
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TIMING DIAGRAMS
Short Circuit Condition
t FAULT
IOUT, CURRENT (A)
9.0
ISC Short Circuit Detection Threshold
Hard Short Occurs
tB
6.5
OUT1, OUT2 Tri-Stated,
SF set Low
Ilim
0.0
5.0
t B (~16 μs)
TIME
Figure 8. Short-circuit Detection Turn-OFF Time tFAULT
.
ILIM CURRENT (A)
Nominal Current Limit Threshold
Current Limit Threshold Foldback.
Operation within this region must be
limited to non-repetitive events not to
exceed 30 s per 24 hr.
6.5
4.2
THYS
TFB
T LIM
Thermal Shutdown
TSEP
TLIM
Figure 9. Output Current Limiting Regions and Thermal Shutdown
Figure 9. Output Current Limiting Foldback Region
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
11
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
Numerous protection and operational features (speed,
torque, direction, dynamic breaking, PWM control, and
closed-loop control) make the 33926 a very attractive, costeffective solution for controlling a broad range of small DC
motors. The 33926 outputs are capable of supporting peak
DC load currents of up to 5.0 A from a 28 VPWR source. An
internal charge pump and gate drive circuitry are provided
that can support external PWM frequencies up to 20 kHz.
The 33926 has an analog feedback (current mirror) output
pin (the FB pin) that provides a constant-current source
ratioed to the active high side MOSFETs’ current. This can be
used to provide “real time” monitoring of output current to
facilitate closed-loop operation for motor speed/torque
control, or for the detection of open load conditions.
Two independent inputs, IN1 and IN2, provide control of
the two totem-pole half-bridge outputs. An input invert, INV,
changes IN1 and IN2 to LOW = true logic. Two different
output slew rates are selectable via the SLEW input. Two
independent disable inputs, D1 and D2, provide the means to
force the H-Bridge outputs to a high-impedance state (all HBridge switches OFF). An EN pin controls an enable function
that allows the IC to be placed in a power-conserving Sleep
mode.
The 33926 has Output Current Limiting (via Constant
OFF-Time PWM Current Regulation), Output Short-circuit
Detection with Latch-OFF, and Over-temperature Detection
with Latch-OFF. Once the device is latched-OFF due to a
fault condition, either of the Disable inputs (D1 or D2), VPWR,
or EN must be “toggled” to clear the status flag.
Current limiting (Load Current Regulation) is
accomplished by a constant-OFF time PWM method using
current limit threshold triggering. The current limiting scheme
is unique in that it incorporates a junction temperaturedependent current limit threshold. This means that the
current limit threshold is “reduced to around 4.2 A” as the
junction temperature increases above 160°C. When the
temperature is above 175°C, over-temperature shutdown
(latch-OFF) will occur. This combination of features allows
the device to continue operating for short periods of time (< 30
seconds) with unexpected loads, while still retaining
adequate protection for both the device and the load.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
POWER GROUND AND ANALOG GROUND
(PGND AND AGND)
The power and analog ground pins should be connected
together with a very low-impedance connection.
POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY (VPWR)
VPWR pins are the power supply inputs to the device. All
VPWR pins must be connected together on the printed circuit
board with as short as possible traces, offering as lowimpedance as possible between pins.
Transients on VPWR which go below the Under-voltage
Threshold will result in the protection activating. It is essential
to use an input filter capacitor of sufficient size and low ESR
to sustain a VPWR greater than VUVLO when the load is
switched (See 33926 Typical Application Schematic on page
18).
STATUS FLAG (SF)
This pin is the device fault status output. This output is an
active LOW open drain structure requiring a pull-up resistor
to VDD. The maximum VDD is < 7.0 V. Refer to Table 5, Truth
Table, page 16 for the SF Output status definition.
INPUT INVERT (INV)
The Input Invert Control pin sets IN1 and IN2 to LOW =
TRUE. This is a Schmitt trigger input with ~ 80 µA sink; the
default condition is non-inverted. If IN1 and IN2 are set so
that the current is being commanded to flow through the load
attached between OUT1 and OUT2, changing the logic level
at INV will have the effect of reversing the direction of current
commanded. Thus, the INV input may be used as a “forward/
reverse” command input. If both IN1 and IN2 are the same
logic level, then changing the logic level at INV will have the
effect of changing the bridge’s output from freewheeling high
to freewheeling low or vice versa.
SLEW RATE (SLEW)
The SLEW pin is the logic input that selects fast or slow
slew rate. Schmitt trigger input with ~ 80 µA sink so the
default condition is SLOW. When SLEW is set to SLOW,
PWM-ing should be limited to frequencies less than 11 kHz in
order to allow the internal high-side driver circuitry time to
fully enhance the high-side MOSFETs.
INPUT 1,2 AND DISABLE INPUT 1,2
(IN1, IN2, AND D1, D2)
These pins are input control pins used to control the
outputs. These pins are 3.0 V/ 5.0 V CMOS-compatible
inputs with hysteresis. IN1 and IN2 independently control
OUT1 and OUT2, respectively. D1 and D2 are
complementary inputs used to tri-state disable the H-Bridge
outputs.
When either D1 or D2 is SET (D1 = logic HIGH or
D2 = logic LOW) in the disable state, outputs OUT1 and
OUT2 are both tri-state disabled; however, the rest of the
33926
12
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
device circuitry is fully operational and the supply
IPWR(STANDBY) current is reduced to a few mA. Refer to Table
3, Static Electrical Characteristics, page 7.
H-BRIDGE OUTPUT (OUT1, OUT2)
These pins are the outputs of the H-Bridge with integrated
freewheeling diodes. The bridge output is controlled using
the IN1, IN2, D1, and D2 inputs. The outputs have PWM
current limiting above the ILIM threshold. The outputs also
have thermal shutdown (tri-state latch-OFF) with hysteresis
as well as short-circuit latch-OFF protection.
A disable timer (time t B) is incorporated to distinguish
between load currents that are higher than the ILIM threshold
and short-circuit currents. This timer is activated at each
output transition.
CHARGE PUMP CAPACITOR (CCP)
This pin is the charge pump output pin and connection for
the external charge pump reservoir capacitor. The allowable
value is from 30 nF to 100 nF. This capacitor must be
connected from the CCP pin to the VPWR pin. The device
cannot operate properly without the external reservoir
capacitor.
ENABLE INPUT (EN)
The EN pin is used to place the device in a Sleep mode so
as to consume very low currents. When the EN pin voltage is
a logic LOW state, the device is in Sleep mode. The device is
enabled and fully operational when the EN pin voltage is in
logic HIGH. An internal pulldown resistor maintains the
device in Sleep mode in the event EN is driven through a
high-impedance I/O, or an unpowered microcontroller, or the
EN input becomes disconnected.
FEEDBACK (FB)
The 33926 has a feedback output (FB) for “real time”
monitoring of H-Bridge high-side output currents to facilitate
closed-loop operation for motor speed and torque control.
The FB pin provides current sensing feedback of the
H-Bridge high side drivers. When running in the forward or
reverse direction, a ground-referenced 0.24% of load current
is output to this pin. Through the use of an external resistor to
ground, the proportional feedback current can be converted
to a proportional voltage equivalent and the controlling
microcontroller can “read” the current proportional voltage
with its analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This is intended to
provide the user with only first-order motor current feedback
for motor torque control. The resistance range for the linear
operation of the FB pin is 100 < RFB < 300 Ω.
If PWM-ing is implemented using the disable pin inputs
(either D1 or D2), a small filter capacitor (~1.0 µF) may be
required in parallel with the RFB resistor to ground for spike
suppression.
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
13
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
33926
CURRENT SENSE
VOLTAGE
REGULATION
TEMPERATURE
CHARGE
SENSE
PUMP
ANALOG CONTROL AND PROTECTION
PWM CONTROLLER
MCU
INTERFACE
H-BRIDGE
OUTPUT DRIVERS
OUT1 - OUT2
COMMAND AND FAULT REGISTERS
PROTECTION LOGIC CONTROL
GATE CONTROL LOGIC
Figure 10. Functional Internal Block Diagram
ANALOG CONTROL AND PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY:
The on-chip voltage regulator supplies 3.3 V to the internal
logic. The charge pump provides gate drive for the H-Bridge
MOSFETs. The current and temperature sense circuitry
provides detection and protection for the output drivers.
Output under-voltage protection shuts down the MOSFETS.
GATE CONTROL LOGIC:
The 33926 is a monolithic H-Bridge Power IC designed
primarily for any low voltage DC servo motor control
application within the current and voltage limits stated for the
device. Two independent inputs provide polarity control of
two half-bridge totem-pole outputs. Two independent disable
inputs are provided to force the H-Bridge outputs to tri-state
(high-impedance off-state).
H-BRIDGE OUTPUT DRIVERS: OUT1 AND OUT2
The H-Bridge is the power output stage. The current flow
from OUT1 to OUT2 is reversible and under full control of the
user by way of the Input Control Logic. The output stage is
designed to produce full load control under all system
conditions. All protective and control features are integrated
into the control and protection blocks. The sensors for current
and temperature are integrated directly into the output
MOSFET for maximum accuracy and dependability.
33926
14
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
SF, LOGIC OUT
D2, LOGIC IN
D1, LOGIC IN
INn, LOGIC IN
ILOAD, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
OPERATIONAL MODES
9.0
Typical Short Circuit Detection Threshold
6.5
Typical Current Limit Threshold
PWM
Current
Limiting
High Current Load Being Regulated via Constant-OFF-Time PWM
Moderate Current Load
Hard Short Detection and Latch-OFF
0
[1]
[0]
IN1 IN2
IN1 or IN2
IN1 or IN2
IN2 or IN1
IN2 or IN1
[1]
[0]
[1]
[0]
[1]
Outputs
[0]
Tri-stated
Outputs Operation
(per Input Control Condition)
Outputs
Tri-stated
Time
Figure 11. Operating States
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
15
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
LOGIC COMMANDS AND REGISTERS
LOGIC COMMANDS AND REGISTERS
Table 5. Truth Table
The tri-state conditions and the status flag are reset using D1 or D2. The truth table uses the following notations: L = LOW, H =
HIGH, X = HIGH or LOW, and Z = High Impedance. All output power transistors are switched off.
Input Conditions
Device State
EN
D1
D2
Status
IN1
IN2
Outputs
SF
OUT1
OUT2
Forward
H
L
H
H
L
H
H
L
Reverse
H
L
H
L
H
H
L
H
Free Wheeling Low
H
L
H
L
L
H
L
L
Free Wheeling High
H
L
H
H
H
H
H
H
Disable 1 (D1)
H
H
X
X
X
L
Z
Z
Disable 2 (D2)
H
X
L
X
X
L
Z
Z
IN1 Disconnected
H
L
H
Z
X
H
H
X
IN2 Disconnected
H
L
H
X
Z
H
X
H
D1 Disconnected
H
Z
X
X
X
L
Z
Z
H
X
Z
X
X
L
Z
Z
H
X
X
X
X
L
Z
Z
D2 Disconnected
Under-voltage Lockout
Over-temperature
(30)
(31)
H
X
X
X
X
L
Z
Z
(31)
H
X
X
X
X
L
Z
Z
Sleep Mode EN
L
X
X
X
X
H
Z
Z
EN Disconnected
Z
X
X
X
X
H
Z
Z
Short-circuit
Notes
30. In the event of an under-voltage condition, the outputs tri-state and status flag is SET logic LOW. Upon under-voltage recovery, status
flag is reset automatically or automatically cleared and the outputs are restored to their original operating condition.
31. When a short-circuit or over-temperature condition is detected, the power outputs are tri-state latched-OFF, independent of the input
signals, and the status flag is latched to logic LOW. To reset from this condition requires the toggling of either D1, D2, EN, or VPWR.
Forward
Load
Current
OFF
OUT2
ON
OFF
ON
ON
OUT1
OUT1
OFF
LOAD
OUT2
ON
OUT2
LOAD
ON
OFF
PGND
VPWR
VPWR
Load
Current
ON
LOAD
Low-Side Recirculation
(Forward)
V PW R
V PW R
VPWR
VPWR
Load
Current
OUT1
Reverse
High-Side Recirculation
(Forward)
V PW R
V PW R
LOAD
OUT2
Load
Current
ON
PGND
PGND
OFF
OUT1
OFF
OFF
PGND
OFF
ON
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
Figure 12. 33926 Power Stage Operation
33926
16
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
PROTECTION AND DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES
PROTECTION AND DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES
SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION
If an output short-circuit condition is detected, the power
outputs tri-state (latch-OFF) independent of the input (IN1
and IN2) states, and the fault status output flag (SF) is SET
to a logic LOW. If the D1 input changes from a logic HIGH to
logic LOW, or if the D2 input changes from a logic LOW to
logic HIGH, the output bridge will become operational again,
and the fault status flag will be reset (cleared) to a logic HIGH
state.
The output stage will always switch into the mode defined
by the input pins (IN1, IN2, D1, and D2), provided the device
junction temperature is within the specified operating
temperature range.
OVER-TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN AND
HYSTERESIS
If an over-temperature condition occurs, the power outputs
are tri-stated (latched-OFF), and the fault status flag (SF) is
SET to a logic LOW.
To reset from this condition, D1 must change from a logic
HIGH to logic LOW, or D2 must change from a logic LOW to
logic HIGH. When reset, the output stage switches ON again,
provided that the junction temperature is now below the overtemperature threshold limit minus the hysteresis.
Important Resetting from the fault condition will clear the
fault status flag. Powering down and powering up the device
will also reset the 33926 from the fault condition.
INTERNAL PWM CURRENT LIMITING
The maximum current flow under normal operating
conditions should be less than 5.0 A. The instantaneous load
currents will be limited to ILIM via the internal PWM current
limiting circuitry. When the ILIM threshold current value is
reached, the output stages are tri-stated for a fixed time (T A)
of 20 µs typical. Depending on the time constant associated
with the load characteristics, the output current decreases
during the tri-state duration until the next output ON cycle
occurs.
The PWM current limit threshold value is dependent on the
device junction temperature. When - 40°C < TJ < 160°C, ILIM is
between the specified minimum/maximum values. When TJ
exceeds 160 °C, the ILIM threshold decreases to 4.2 A.
Shortly above 175 °C the device over-temperature circuit will
detect TLIM and an over-temperature shutdown will occur.
This feature implements a graceful degradation of operation
before thermal shutdown occurs, thus allowing for
intermittent unexpected mechanical loads on the motor’s
gear-reduction train to be handled.
Important Die temperature excursions above 150°C are
permitted only for non-repetitive durations < 30 seconds.
Provision must be made at the system level to prevent
prolonged operation in the current-foldback region.
OUTPUT AVALANCHE PROTECTION
If VPWR were to become an open circuit, the outputs
would likely tri-state simultaneously due to the disable logic.
This could result in an unclamped inductive discharge. The
VPWR input to the 33926 should not exceed 40 V during this
transient condition, to prevent electrical overstress of the
output drivers.This can be accomplished with a zener clamp
or MOV, and/or an appropriately valued input capacitor with
sufficiently low ESR (see Figure 13).
VPW R
VPW R
Bulk
Low ESR
Cap.
100nF
OUT1
M
9
I/Os
OUT2
AGND
PGND
Figure 13. Avalanche Protection
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
17
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION
A typical application schematic is shown in Figure 14. For
precision high current applications in harsh, noisy
environments, the VPWR by-pass capacitor may need to be
substantially larger.
VPWR
100 μF
LOW ESR
100 nF
VPWR
33 nF
LOGIC SUPPLY
CCP
VCP CHARGE
PUMP
STATUS
FLAG
TO
ADC RFB
270 Ω
INV
SLEW
SF
M
OUT2
LS1
LS2
LS1
IN2
+5.0 V
HS2
OUT1
HS1
IN1
D1
HS1
TO GATES
EN
D2
VDD
HS2
GATE DRIVE
AND
PROTECTION
LOGIC
PGND
LS2
VSENSE
ILIM PWM
FB
CURRENT MIRRORS
AND
CONSTANT OFF-TIME
PWM CURRENT REGULATOR
1.0 μF
AGND
PGND
Figure 14. 33926 Typical Application Schematic
33926
18
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the 98Axxxxxxxxx listed
below.
PNB SUFFIX
98ARL10579D
32-PIN PQFN
ISSUE C
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
19
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PNB SUFFIX
98ARL10579D
32-PIN PQFN
ISSUE C
33926
20
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
THERMAL ADDENDUM (REV 2.0)
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
33926
THERMAL ADDENDUM (REV 2.0)
Introduction
This thermal addendum is provided as a supplement to the 33926 technical
datasheet. The addendum provides thermal performance information that may be
critical in the design and development of system applications. All electrical,
application, and packaging information is provided in the datasheet.
32-PIN
PQFN
Packaging and Thermal Considerations
The 33926 is offered in a 32 pin PQFN, single die package. There is a single
heat source (P), a single junction temperature (TJ), and thermal resistance (RθJA).
TJ
=
RθJA
.
P
The stated values are solely for a thermal performance comparison of one
package to another in a standardized environment. This methodology is not meant
to, and will not predict the performance of a package in an application-specific
environment. Stated values were obtained by measurement and simulation
according to the standards listed below.
PNB SUFFIX
98ARL10579D
32-PIN PQFN
8.0 mm x 8.0 mm
Note For package dimensions, refer to
the 33926 data sheet.
STANDARDS
Table 6. Thermal Performance Comparison
Thermal Resistance
[°C/W]
RθJA
(1),(2)
28
RθJB
(2),(3)
12
RθJA (1), (4)
80
RθJC
(5)
1.0
0.2
1.0
0.2
1.0
Notes
1. Per JEDEC JESD51-2 at natural convection, still air
condition.
2. 2s2p thermal test board per JEDEC JESD51-5 and
JESD51-7.
3. Per JEDEC JESD51-8, with the board temperature on the
center trace near the center lead.
4. Single layer thermal test board per JEDEC JESD51-3 and
JESD51-5.
5. Thermal resistance between the die junction and the
exposed pad surface; cold plate attached to the package
bottom side, remaining surfaces insulated.
* All measurements
are in millimeters
Figure 15. Surface Mount for Power PQFN
with Exposed Pads
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
21
D1
OUT2
OUT2
OUT2
OUT2
25
NC
2
24
PGND
SLEW
3
23
PGND
VPWR
4
22
PGND
AGND
5
21
SF
VPWR
6
20
PGND
INV
7
19
PGND
FB
8
18
PGND
NC
9
17
NC
AGND
A
D2
OUT1
OUT1
OUT1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
OUT1
IN1
32 31 30 29 28 27 26
VPWR
1
EN
IN2
VPWR
CCP
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
THERMAL ADDENDUM (REV 2.0)
33926PNB Pin Connections
32-Pin PQFN
0.80 mm Pitch
8.0 mm x 8.0 mm Body
Figure 16. Thermal Test Board
Device on Thermal Test Board
Material:
Outline:
Single layer printed circuit board
FR4, 1.6 mm thickness
Cu traces, 0.07 mm thickness
80 mm x 100 mm board area,
including edge connector for thermal
testing
Area A:
Cu heat-spreading areas on board
surface
Ambient Conditions:
Natural convection, still air
Table 7. Thermal Resistance Performance
A [mm2]
RθJA [°C/W]
0
81
300
49
600
40
RθJA is the thermal resistance between die junction and
ambient air.
33926
22
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
THERMAL ADDENDUM (REV 2.0)
90
Thermal Resistance [ºC/W]
80
70
60
50
40
30
x
20
RθJA [°C/W]
10
0
0
300
600
Heat Spreading Area A [mm²]
Figure 17. Device on Thermal Test Board RθJA
Thermal Resistance [ºC/W]
100
10
x
1
0.1
1.00E-03
1.00E-02
1.00E-01
RθJA [°C/W]
1.00E+00 1.00E+01 1.00E+02 1.00E+03 1.00E+04
Time[s]
Figure 18. Transient Thermal Resistance RθJA,
1.0 W Step response, Device on Thermal Test Board Area A = 600 (mm2)
33926
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
23
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION DATE
DESCRIPTION
1.0
3/2006
• Updated formatting and technical content throughout entire document.
2.0
6/2007
• Updated formatting and technical content throughout entire document
3.0
10/2006
• Updated formatting and technical content throughout entire document
4.0
12/2006
• Updated formatting and technical content throughout entire document
5.0
2/2007
• Updated formatting and technical content throughout entire document
6.0
3/2007
• Changed Human Body Model, Charge Pump Voltage (CP Capacitor = 33 nF), No PWM and PWM =
20kHz, Slew Rate = Fast, Output Rise and Fall Time (27)
• Added second paragraph to Positive Power Supply (VPWR)
• Added “Low ESR” to 100μF on 33926 Typical Application Schematic
7.0
6/2007
• Changed status to Advance Information
8.0
4/2009
• Minor corrections and clarifications.
9.0
12/2009
• Changed minimum Operating Voltage range from 8.0 to 5.0.
33926
24
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
How to Reach Us:
Home Page:
www.freescale.com
Web Support:
http://www.freescale.com/support
USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Technical Information Center, EL516
2100 East Elliot Road
Tempe, Arizona 85284
1-800-521-6274 or +1-480-768-2130
www.freescale.com/support
Europe, Middle East, and Africa:
Freescale Halbleiter Deutschland GmbH
Technical Information Center
Schatzbogen 7
81829 Muenchen, Germany
+44 1296 380 456 (English)
+46 8 52200080 (English)
+49 89 92103 559 (German)
+33 1 69 35 48 48 (French)
www.freescale.com/support
Japan:
Freescale Semiconductor Japan Ltd.
Headquarters
ARCO Tower 15F
1-8-1, Shimo-Meguro, Meguro-ku,
Tokyo 153-0064
Japan
0120 191014 or +81 3 5437 9125
[email protected]
Asia/Pacific:
Freescale Semiconductor China Ltd.
Exchange Building 23F
No. 118 Jianguo Road
Chaoyang District
Beijing 100022
China
+86 10 5879 8000
[email protected]
For Literature Requests Only:
Freescale Semiconductor Literature Distribution Center
P.O. Box 5405
Denver, Colorado 80217
1-800-441-2447 or +1-303-675-2140
Fax: +1-303-675-2150
[email protected]
Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and
software implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are
no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or
fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the
information in this document.
Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further
notice to any products herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty,
representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any
particular purpose, nor does Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically
disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or
incidental damages. “Typical” parameters that may be provided in Freescale
Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different
applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating
parameters, including “Typicals”, must be validated for each customer
application by customer’s technical experts. Freescale Semiconductor does
not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
Freescale Semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized
for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body,
or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other
application in which the failure of the Freescale Semiconductor product could
create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer
purchase or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended
or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Freescale
Semiconductor and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and
distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and
reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of
personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized
use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale Semiconductor was negligent
regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names
are the property of their respective owners.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2007 - 2009. All rights reserved.
MC33926
Rev. 9.0
12/2009