MICREL KS8995MAI

KS8995MA/FQ
Integrated 5-Port 10/100 Managed Switch
Rev 2.9
General Description
The KS8995MA/FQ is a highly integrated Layer 2
managed switch with optimized bill of materials (BOM)
cost for low port count, cost-sensitive 10/100Mbps
switch systems with both copper and optic fiber media.
It also provides an extensive feature set such as
tag/port-based VLAN, quality of service (QoS) priority,
management, MIB counters, dual MII interfaces and
CPU control/data interfaces to effectively address both
current and emerging fast Ethernet applications.
The KS8995MA/FQ contains five 10/100 transceivers
with patented mixed-signal low-power technology, five
media access control (MAC) units, a high-speed nonblocking switch fabric, a dedicated address lookup
engine, and an on-chip frame buffer memory.
All PHY units support 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX.
In addition, two of the PHY units support 100BASE-FX
(KS8995MA is ports 4 and 5, KS8995FQ is port 3 and
port 4).
Functional Diagram
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com
September 2008
M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
10/100
MAC 1
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 2
10/100
MAC 2
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 3
10/100
MAC 3
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 4
10/100
MAC 4
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 5
10/100
MAC 5
MII-P5
MDC, MDI/O
MII- SW or SNI
SNI
Control Reg I/F
SPI
LED0[5:1]
LED1[5:1]
LED2[5:1]
LED I/F
1K Look Up
Engine
Tagging, Priority
10/100
T/Tx 1
FIFO, Flow Control, VLAN
Auto
MDI/MDIX
Frame
Buffers
Control
Registers
Queue
Mgmnt
Buffer
Mgmnt
MIB
Counters
EEPROM
I/F
KSZ8995FQ
Notes:
1. KS8995MA has either TX copper or FX fiber for port 4 and port 5, other ports are the TX copper only.
2. KS8995FQ has either TX copper or FX fiber for port 3 and port 4, other ports are the TX copper only.
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Features
• Per-port based software power-save on PHY (idle
link detection, register configuration preserved)
• QoS/CoS packets prioritization supports: per port,
802.1p and DiffServ based
• 802.1p/q tag insertion or removal on a per-port basis
(egress)
• MDC and MDI/O interface support to access the MII
PHY control registers (not all control registers)
• MII local loopback support
• On-chip 64Kbyte memory for frame buffering (not
shared with 1K unicast address table)
• Wire-speed reception and transmission
• Integrated look-up engine with dedicated 1K MAC
addresses
• Full duplex IEEE 802.3x and half-duplex back
pressure flow control
• Comprehensive LED support
• 7-wire SNI support for legacy MAC interface
• Automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover for plug-and-play
• Disable automatic MDI/MDI-X option
• Low power:
Core: 1.8V
Digital I/O: 3.3V
Analog I/O: 2.5V or 3.3V
• 0.18µm CMOS technology
• Commercial temperature range: 0°C to +70°C
• Industrial temperature range: –40°C to +85°C
• Available in 128-pin PQFP package
• Integrated switch with five MACs and five fast
Ethernet transceivers fully compliant to IEEE 802.3u
standard
• Shared memory based switch fabric with fully nonblocking configuration
• 1.4Gbps high-performance memory bandwidth
• 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 100BASE-FX modes
• Dual MII configuration: MII-Switch (MAC or PHY
mode MII) and MII-P5 (PHY mode MII)
• IEEE 802.1q tag-based VLAN (16 VLANs, full-range
VID) for DMZ port, WAN/LAN separation or interVLAN switch links
• VLAN ID tag/untag options, per-port basis
• Programmable rate limiting 0Mbps to 100Mbps,
ingress and egress port, rate options for high and low
priority, per-port basis in 32Kbps increments
• Flow control or drop packet rate limiting (ingress port)
• Integrated MIB counters for fully compliant statistics
gathering, 34 MIB counters per port
• Enable/Disable option for huge frame size up to 1916
bytes per frame
• IGMP v1/v2 snooping for multicast packet filtering
• Special tagging mode to send CPU info on ingress
packet’s port value
• SPI slave (complete) and MDIO (MII PHY only) serial
management interface for control of register
configuration
• MAC-id based security lock option
• Control registers configurable on-the-fly (port-priority,
802.1p/d/q, AN...)
• CPU read access to MAC forwarding table entries
• 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol
• Port mirroring/monitoring/sniffing: ingress and/or
egress traffic to any port or MII
• Broadcast storm protection with % control – global
and per-port basis
• Optimization for fiber-to-copper media conversion
• Full-chip hardware power-down support (register
configuration not saved)
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Broadband gateway/firewall/VPN
Integrated DSL or cable modem multi-port router
Wireless LAN access point plus gateway
Home networking expansion
Standalone 10/100 switch
Hotel/campus/MxU gateway
Enterprise VoIP gateway/phone
FTTx customer premise equipment
Managed Media converter
Ordering Information
Part Number
Standard
Pb-Free
Temperature
Range
KS8995MA
KSZ8995MA
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP
KS8995FQ
KSZ8995FQ
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP
KS8995MAI
KSZ8995MAI
–40°C to +85°C
128-Pin PQFP
KS8995FQI
KSZ8995FQI
–40°C to +85°C
128-Pin PQFP
Semptember 2008
Package
3
M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Revision History
Revision
Date
Summary of Changes
2.0
10/10/03
Created.
2.1
10/30/03
Editorial changes on electrical characteristics.
2.2
4/01/04
Editorial changes on the TTL input and output electrical characteristics.
2.3
1/19/05
Insert recommended reset circuit, pg. 70. Editorial, Pg. 36.
2.4
4/13/05
Changed VDDIO to 3.3V.
Changed Jitter to 16 ns Max.
2.5
2/6/06
Added Pb-Free option for Industrial version.
2.6
7/12/06
Add a note for VLAN table write, improve the timing diagram for MII interface, update pin
description for PCRS, PCOL, etc. And update the description of the register bits for the
loopback, etc.
2.7
6/01/07
Add the package thermal information in the operating rating and the transformer power
consumption information in the electrical characteristics note.
2.8
03/20/08
Add KSZ8995FQ information and pin description.
2.9
09/15/08
Add KSZ8995FQ block diagram and descriptions for revision ID and LED mode.
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Contents
System Level Applications........................................................................................................................................... 8
Pin Configuration ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
Pin Description (by Number)...................................................................................................................................... 11
Pin Description (by Name) ......................................................................................................................................... 17
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 23
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver .................................................................................................. 23
100BASE-TX Transmit.............................................................................................................................................. 23
100BASE-TX Receive............................................................................................................................................... 23
PLL Clock Synthesizer.............................................................................................................................................. 23
Scrambler/De-Scrambler (100BASE-TX only).......................................................................................................... 24
100BASE-FX Operation............................................................................................................................................ 24
100BASE-FX Signal Detection ................................................................................................................................. 24
100BASE-FX far End fault ........................................................................................................................................ 24
10BASE-T Transmit .................................................................................................................................................. 24
10BASE-T Receive ................................................................................................................................................... 24
Power Management.................................................................................................................................................. 24
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover ...................................................................................................................................... 24
Auto-Negotiation ....................................................................................................................................................... 24
Functional Overview: Switch Core ............................................................................................................................ 25
Address Look-Up ...................................................................................................................................................... 25
Learning .................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Migration ................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Aging ......................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Forwarding ................................................................................................................................................................ 25
Switching Engine ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
Media Access Controller (MAC) Operation............................................................................................................... 26
Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) ............................................................................................................................................. 26
Backoff Algorithm...................................................................................................................................................... 26
Late Collision ............................................................................................................................................................ 26
Illegal Frames ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Flow Control.............................................................................................................................................................. 26
Half-Duplex Back Pressure ........................................................................................................................... 28
Broadcast Storm Protection ...................................................................................................................................... 28
MII Interface Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 29
SNI Interface Operation ............................................................................................................................................ 31
Advanced Functionality.............................................................................................................................................. 31
Spanning Tree Support............................................................................................................................................. 31
Special Tagging Mode .............................................................................................................................................. 32
IGMP Support ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
Port Mirroring Support............................................................................................................................................... 34
VLAN Support ........................................................................................................................................................... 34
Rate Limit Support .................................................................................................................................................... 35
Configuration Interface.............................................................................................................................................. 36
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 38
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 38
MII Management Interface (MIIM) ............................................................................................................................ 41
Register Description ................................................................................................................................................... 42
Global Registers ....................................................................................................................................................... 43
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0 ...................................................................................................................................... 43
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1 / Start Switch ................................................................................................................ 43
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 .......................................................................................................................... 43
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1 .......................................................................................................................... 43
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 .......................................................................................................................... 44
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 .......................................................................................................................... 45
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KS8995MA/FQ
Register 6 (0x07): Global Control 4 .......................................................................................................................... 46
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5 .......................................................................................................................... 46
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6 .......................................................................................................................... 46
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7 .......................................................................................................................... 46
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8........................................................................................................................ 47
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9........................................................................................................................ 47
Port Registers ........................................................................................................................................................... 48
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 ......................................................................................................................... 48
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 ......................................................................................................................... 49
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 ......................................................................................................................... 49
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 ......................................................................................................................... 50
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 ......................................................................................................................... 50
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 ......................................................................................................................... 51
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 ......................................................................................................................... 51
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 ......................................................................................................................... 51
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 ......................................................................................................................... 51
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 ......................................................................................................................... 52
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10....................................................................................................................... 52
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11....................................................................................................................... 52
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12 ...................................................................................................................... 53
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13 ...................................................................................................................... 54
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 .......................................................................................................................... 54
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Control 14....................................................................................................................... 55
Advanced Control Registers ..................................................................................................................................... 55
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0 ................................................................................................ 55
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1 ................................................................................................ 55
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2 ................................................................................................ 55
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3 ................................................................................................ 55
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4 .............................................................................................. 55
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5 .............................................................................................. 56
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6 .............................................................................................. 56
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7 .............................................................................................. 56
Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0......................................................................................................... 56
Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1......................................................................................................... 56
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2 ........................................................................................................ 56
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3 ........................................................................................................ 56
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4 ........................................................................................................ 56
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5 ....................................................................................................... 56
Register 110 (0x6E): Indirect Access Control 0........................................................................................................ 56
Register 111 (0x6F): Indirect Access Control 1 ........................................................................................................ 56
Register 112 (0x70): Indirect Data Register 8 .......................................................................................................... 56
Register 113 (0x71): Indirect Data Register 7 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 114 (0x72): Indirect Data Register 6 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 115 (0x73): Indirect Data Register 5 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 116 (0x74): Indirect Data Register 4 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 117 (0x75): Indirect Data Register 3 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 118 (0x76): Indirect Data Register 2 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 119 (0x77): Indirect Data Register 1 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 120 (0x78): Indirect Data Register 0 .......................................................................................................... 57
Register 121 (0x79): Digital Testing Status 0 ........................................................................................................... 57
Register 122 (0x7A): Digital Testing Status 1........................................................................................................... 57
Register 123 (0x7B): Digital Testing Control 0 ......................................................................................................... 57
Register 124 (0x7C): Digital Testing Control 1 ......................................................................................................... 57
Register 125 (0x7D): Analog Testing Control 0 ........................................................................................................ 57
Register 126 (0x7E): Analog Testing Control 1 ........................................................................................................ 57
Register 127 (0x7F): Analog Testing Status............................................................................................................. 57
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KS8995MA/FQ
Static MAC Address .................................................................................................................................................... 58
VLAN Address ............................................................................................................................................................. 60
Dynamic MAC Address............................................................................................................................................... 61
MIB Counters ............................................................................................................................................................... 62
MIIM Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. 65
Register 0: MII Control .............................................................................................................................................. 65
Register 1: MII Status ............................................................................................................................................... 65
Register 2: PHYID HIGH........................................................................................................................................... 66
Register 3: PHYID LOW ........................................................................................................................................... 66
Register 4: Advertisement Ability.............................................................................................................................. 66
Register 5: Link Partner Ability ................................................................................................................................. 66
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) .................................................................................................................................... 67
Operating Ratings(2) .................................................................................................................................................... 67
Electrical Characteristics(4, 5) ...................................................................................................................................... 67
Timing Diagrams ......................................................................................................................................................... 69
Selection of Isolation Transformer(1) ......................................................................................................................... 77
Package Information ................................................................................................................................................... 78
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KS8995MA/FQ
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
System Level Applications
SPI/GPIO
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
4-port
LAN
1-port
WAN I/F
SPI
Ethernet
MAC
MII-SW
MII-P5
CPU
Ethernet
MAC
External WAN port PHY not required.
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
Figure 1. Broadband Gateway
WAN PHY & AFE
(xDSL, CM...)
SPI/GPIO
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
4-port
LAN
SPI
MII-SW
CPU
MII-P5
Ethernet
MAC
Figure 2. Integrated Broadband Router
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KS8995MA/FQ
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
Micrel, Inc.
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
5-port
LAN
Figure 3. Standalone Switch
Figure 4. Using KSZ8995FQ for Dual Media Converter or Fiber daisy chain connection
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Configuration
128-Pin PQFP
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Description (by Number)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
Pin Function(2)
1
MDI-XDIS
lpd
1-5
Disable auto MDI/MDI-X.
PD (default) = normal operation.
PU = disable auto MDI/MDI-X on all ports.
2
GNDA
Gnd
3
VDDAR
P
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential).
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal – (differential).
6
GNDA
Gnd
7
TXP1
O
1
8
TXM1
O
1
9
VDDAT
P
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential).
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal – (differential).
12
GNDA
Gnd
13
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
14
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
15
VDDAR
P
16
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
1.8V analog VDD.
Analog ground.
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
Analog ground.
1.8V analog VDD.
Analog ground.
Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a
3.01kΩ1% resistor.
17
ISET
18
VDDAT
P
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential).
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal - (differential).
21
GNDA
Gnd
22
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
23
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
24
VDDAT
P
25
RXP4
I
4
4
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
Analog ground.
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
Physical receive signal + (differential).
26
RXM4
I
27
GNDA
Gnd
Physical receive signal - (differential).
28
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
29
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
30
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
Analog ground.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
2.
PU = Strap pin pull-up.
PD = Strap pull-down.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
31
VDDAR
P
32
RXP5
I
5
5
Port
Pin Function
1.8V analog VDD.
Physical receive signal + (differential).
33
RXM5
I
34
GNDA
Gnd
Physical receive signal – (differential).
35
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
36
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
37
VDDAT
P
38
FXSD5/FXSD3
Ipd
5/3
39
FXSD4
Ipd
4
40
GNDA
Gnd
41
VDDAR
P
42
GNDA
Gnd
43
VDDAR
P
44
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
Factory test pins. MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for
normal operation
Mode
MUX1
MUX2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
Full-chip power down. Active low.
48
RESERVE
NC
Reserved pin. No connect.
49
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
50
VDDC
P
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable.
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3.
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2.
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1.
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0.
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error.
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII.
58
GNDD
Gnd
59
VDDIO
P
60
PMRXC
O
Analog ground.
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
Fiber signal detect pin. FXSD5 is for port 5 of the KS8995MA. FXSD3
is for port 3 of the KS8995FQ
Fiber signal detect pin for port 4.
Analog ground.
1.8V analog VDD.
Analog ground.
1.8V analog VDD.
1.8V digital core VDD.
Digital ground.
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
5
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
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Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
Pin Function(2)
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid.
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow control;
PU = disable flow control.
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable aggressive
back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for performance
enhancement.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = packet size
1518/1522 bytes; PU = 1536 bytes.
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/strap option for port 4 only. PD (default) = force
half-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails. PU = force full-duplex
if auto negotiation is disabled or fails. Refer to Register 76.
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII collision detect/ strap option for port 4 only. PD (default) = no
force flow control, normal operation. PU = force flow control. Refer to
Register 66
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable.
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3.
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2.
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1.
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0.
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error.
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
77
VDDIO
P
78
SMRXC
I/O
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
Switch MII receive clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
Switch MII receive data valid.
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII
full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in fullduplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
2.
PU = Strap pin pull-up.
PD = Strap pull-down.
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Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Port
Pin Function(2)
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: LED mode
PD (default) = mode 0; PU = mode 1. See “Register 11.”
Mode 0, link at
83
SMRXD0
100/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,0,0
100/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,0
10/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,0,1
10/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,1
Mode 1, link at
Ipd/O
100/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,0
100/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,1
10/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=1,0,0
10/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=1,0,1
Mode 0
Lnk/Act
Fulld/Col
Speed
LEDX_2
LEDX_1
LEDX_0
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
Switch MII collision detect.
85
SCRS
Ipd/O
Switch mode carrier sense.
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Mode 1
100Lnk/Act
10Lnk/Act
Full duplex
Dual MII configuration pin. For the Switch MII, KSZ8995MA supports
both MAC mode and PHY mode, KSZ8995FQ supports PHY mode
only.
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin.
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
89
VDDC
P
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
1.8V digital core VDD.
LED indicator 2. Strap option: aging setup. See “Aging” section.
PU (default) = aging enable; PD = aging disable.
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY[5] MII I/F. PD:
tristate all PHY[5] MII output. See “Pin 86 SCONF1.”
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
2.
PU = Strap pin pull-up.
PD = Strap pull-down.
Otri = Output tristated.
Fulld = Full duplex
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M9999-091508
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0.
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2.
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1.
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0.
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2.
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1.
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 0.
99
GNDD
Gnd
100
VDDIO
P
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2.
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1.
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0.
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2.
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1.
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0.
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock.
108
MDIO
I/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
Features internal pull down to define pin state when not driven.
109
SPIQ
Otri
All
(1) SPI serial data output in SPI slave mode; (2) output clock at 61kHz
in I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
110
SPIC/SCL
I/O
All
(1) Input clock up to 5MHz in SPI slave mode; (2) output clock at 61kHz
in I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
111
SSPID/SDA
I/O
All
(1) Serial data input in SPI slave mode; (2) serial data input/output in
I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
All
Active low. (1) SPI data transfer start in SPI slave mode. When SPIS_N
is high, the KS8995MA/FQ is deselected and SPIQ is held in high
impedance state, a high-to-low transition to initiate the SPI data
transfer; (2) not used in I2C master mode.
112
SPIS_N
Ipu
Pin Function
Digital ground.
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O.
Serial bus configuration pin.
For this case, if the EEPROM is not present, the KS8995MA/FQ will
start itself with the PS[1.0] = 00 default register values.
113
PS1
Ipd
Pin Configuration
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1.0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1.0]=01
Reserved
PS[1.0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1.0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “Pin 113.”
115
RST_N
Ipu
Reset the KS8995MA/FQ. Active low.
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
117
VDDC
P
118
TESTEN
Ipd
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
119
SCANEN
Ipd
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
120
NC
NC
No connect.
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection.
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL.
124
GNDA
Gnd
125
VDDAR
P
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
128
TEST2
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Port
Pin Function
1.8V digital core VDD.
Analog ground.
1.8V analog VDD.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
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M9999-091508
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Description (by Name)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
39
FXSD4
I
4
38
FXSD3/FXSD5
I
3/5
124
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
42
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
44
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
Pin Function
Fiber signal detect/Factory test pin.
Fiber signal detect/Factory test pin for FQ or MA
2
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
16
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
30
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
6
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
12
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
21
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
27
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
34
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
40
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
120
NC
NC
No connect.
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground.
49
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
58
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
99
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground.
17
ISET
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0.
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1.
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2.
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0.
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1.
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2.
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 0.
Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a 3.01kΩ1%
resistor.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
Pin Function(2)
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1.
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2.
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0.
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1.
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2.
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0.
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default) = enable PHY MII I/F PD:
tristate all PHY MII output. See “Pin 86 SCONF1.”
LED indicator 2. Strap option: aging setup. See “Aging” section.
(default) = aging enable; PD = aging disable.
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock.
108
MDIO
I/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
1
MDI-XDIS
Ipd
1-5
Disable auto MDI/MDI-X.
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
Factory test pins. MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for
normal operation.
Mode
MUX1
MUX2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
PHY[5] MII collision detect/force flow control. See “Register 18.” For
port 4 only. PD (default) = no force flow control. PU = force flow control.
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/force duplex mode. See “Register 28.” For
port 4 only. PD (default) = force half-duplex if auto-negotiation is
disabled or fails. PU = force full-duplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or
fails.
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
60
PMRXC
O
5
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid.
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = 1522/1518 bytes;
PU = packet size up to 1536 bytes.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable
aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for
performance enhancement.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow
control; PU = disable flow control.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
2.
PU = Strap pin pull-up.
PD = Strap pull-down.
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII.
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0.
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1.
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2.
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3.
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable.
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error.
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “Pin 113.”
113
PS1
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. If EEPROM is not present, the
KS8995MA/FQ will start itself with chip default (00)...
Pin Function
Pin Configuration
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1:0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1:0]=01
Reserved
PS[1:0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1:0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
Full-chip power down. Active low.
48
RESERVE
NC
Reserved pin. No connect.
115
RST_N
Ipu
Reset the KS8995MA/FQ. Active low.
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal – (differential).
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal – (differential).
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal – (differential).
26
RXM4
I
4
Physical receive signal – (differential).
33
RXM5
I
5
Physical receive signal – (differential).
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential).
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential).
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential).
25
RXP4
I
4
Physical receive signal + (differential).
32
RXP5
I
5
Physical receive signal + (differential).
119
SCANEN
Ipd
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
Switch MII collision detect.
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin.
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
NC = No connect.
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
86
SCONF1
Ipd
85
SCRS
Ipd/O
78
SMRXC
I/O
Port
Pin Function(2)
Dual MII configuration pin. For the Switch MII, KSZ8995MA supports
both MAC mode and PHY mode, KSZ8995FQ supports PHY mode
only.
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
Switch mode carrier sense.
Switch MII receive clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: LED mode
PD (default) = mode 0; PU = mode 1. See “Register 11.”
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII.
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0.
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1.
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2.
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3.
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable.
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error.
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Full duplex
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in fullduplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII
full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
Switch MII receive data valid.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
Otri = Output tristated.
NC = No connect.
2.
PU = Strap pin pull-up.
PD = Strap pull-down.
Fulld = Full duplex
Semptember 2008
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
110
SPIC/SCL
I/O
All
111
SSPID/SDA
I/O
All
109
SPIQ
Otri
All
112
SPIS_N
Ipu
All
128
TEST2
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
118
TESTEN
Ipd
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Pin Function
(1) Input clock up to 5MHz in SPI slave mode; (2) output clock at 61kHz
in I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
(1) Serial data input in SPI slave mode; (2) serial data input/output in
I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
(1) SPI serial data output in SPI slave mode; (2) output clock at 61kHz
in I2C master mode. See “Pin 113.”
Active low. (1) SPI data transfer start in SPI slave mode. When SPIS_N
is high, the KS8995MA/FQ is deselected and SPIQ is held in high
impedance state, a high-to-low transition to initiate the SPI data
transfer; (2) not used in I2C master mode.
8
TXM1
O
1
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
14
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
23
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
29
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
36
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal – (differential).
7
TXP1
O
1
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
13
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
22
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
28
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
35
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential).
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL.
41
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
43
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
3
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
15
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
31
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
125
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD.
18
VDDAT
P
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
9
VDDAT
P
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
24
VDDAT
P
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
37
VDDAT
P
2.5V or 3.3V analog VDD.
50
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD.
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bidirectional.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
Otri = Output tristated.
NC = No connect.
Semptember 2008
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
89
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD.
117
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD.
59
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
77
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
100
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection.
Port
Pin Function
Notes:
1.
P = Power supply.
I = Input.
O = Output.
Semptember 2008
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M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Introduction
The KS8995MA/FQ contains five 10/100 physical layer transceivers and five media access control (MAC) units with
an integrated Layer 2 managed switch. The device runs in three modes. The first mode is as a five-port integrated
switch. The second is as a five-port switch with the fifth port decoupled from the physical port. In this mode, access to
the fifth MAC is provided through a media independent interface (MII). This is useful for implementing an integrated
broadband router. The third mode uses the dual MII feature to recover the use of the fifth PHY. This allows the
additional broadband gateway configuration, where the fifth PHY may be accessed through the MII-P5 port.
The KS8995MA/FQ has the flexibility to reside in a managed or unmanaged design. In a managed design, a host
processor has complete control of the KS8995MA/FQ via the SPI bus, or partial control via the MDC/MDIO interface.
An unmanaged design is achieved through I/O strapping or EEPROM programming at system reset time.
On the media side, the KS8995MA/FQ supports IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX on all ports, and the
KS8995MA supports 100BASE-FX on ports 4 and 5, and the KS8995FQ supports 100BASE-FX on ports 3 and 4.
The KS8995MA/FQ can be used as fully managed 5-port standalone switch or two separate media converters.
Physical signal transmission and reception are enhanced through the use of patented analog circuitry that makes the
design more efficient and allows for lower power consumption and smaller chip die size.
The major enhancements from the KS8995E to the KS8995MA/FQ are support for host processor management, a
dual MII interface, tag as well as port based VLAN, spanning tree protocol support, IGMP snooping support, port
mirroring support and rate limiting functionality.
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver
100BASE-TX Transmit
The 100BASE-TX transmit function performs parallel-to-serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-to-NRZI
conversion, MLT3 encoding and transmission. The circuit starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts
the MII data from the MAC into a 125MHz serial bit stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B
coding followed by a scrambler. The serialized data is further converted from NRZ-to-NRZI format, and then
transmitted in MLT3 current output. The output current is set by an external 1% 3.01kΩ resistor for the 1:1
transformer ratio. It has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding
amplitude balance, overshoot, and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BASE-T output is also incorporated into the
100BASE-TX transmitter.
100BASE-TX Receive
The 100BASE-TX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion, data
and clock recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding, and serial-to-parallel conversion. The
receiving side starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the twisted pair
cable. Since the amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the length of the cable, the equalizer has to
adjust its characteristics to optimize the performance. In this design, the variable equalizer will make an initial
estimation based on comparisons of incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, then tunes
itself for optimization. This is an ongoing process and can self-adjust against environmental changes such as
temperature variations.
The equalized signal then goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is
used to compensate for the effect of baseline wander and improve the dynamic range. The differential data
conversion circuit converts the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive.
The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is then
used to convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. The signal is then sent through the de-scrambler followed by
the 4B/5B decoder. Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to the MII format and provided as the input data to the
MAC.
PLL Clock Synthesizer
The KS8995MA/FQ generates 125MHz, 42MHz, 25MHz, and 10MHz clocks for system timing. Internal clocks are
generated from an external 25MHz crystal or oscillator.
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Scrambler/De-Scrambler (100BASE-TX only)
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal in order to reduce EMI and baseline
wander. The data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear feedback shift register (LFSR). This can
generate a 2047-bit non-repetitive sequence. The receiver will then de-scramble the incoming data stream with the
same sequence at the transmitter.
100BASE-FX Operation
100BASE-FX operation is very similar to 100BASE-TX operation except that the scrambler/de-scrambler and MLT3
encoder/decoder are bypassed on transmission and reception. In this mode the auto-negotiation feature is bypassed
since there is no standard that supports fiber auto-negotiation.
100BASE-FX Signal Detection
The physical port runs in 100BASE-FX mode if FXSDx >0.6V for ports 3, 4 (KSZ8995FQ) or ports 4, 5 (KSZ8995MA)
only. This signal is internally referenced to 1.25V. The fiber module interface should be set by a voltage divider such
that FXSDx ‘H’ is above this 1.25V reference, indicating signal detect, and FXSDx ‘L’ is below the 1.25V reference to
indicate no signal. When FXSDx is below 0.6V then 100BASE-FX mode is disabled. Since there is no autonegotiation for 100BASE-FX mode, the ports must be forced to either full or half-duplex for the fiber ports. Note that
strap-in options exist to set duplex mode for port 4, but not for port 3, 5.
100BASE-FX far End fault
far end fault occurs when the signal detection is logically false from the receive fiber module. When this occurs, the
transmission side signals the other end of the link by sending 84 1s followed by a zero in the idle period between
frames. The far end fault may be disabled through register settings.
10BASE-T Transmit
The output 10BASE-T driver is incorporated into the 100BASE-T driver to allow transmission with the same
magnetics. They are internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with a typical 2.3V amplitude. The
harmonic contents are at least 27dB below the fundamental when driven by an all-ones Manchester-encoded signal.
10BASE-T Receive
On the receive side, input buffer and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver circuit
and a PLL perform the decoding function. The Manchester-encoded data stream is separated into clock signal and
NRZ data. A squelch circuit rejects signals with levels less than 400mV or with short pulsewidths in order to prevent
noises at the RXP or RXM input from falsely triggering the decoder. When the input exceeds the squelch limit, the
PLL locks onto the incoming signal and the KS8995MA/FQ decodes a data frame. The receiver clock is maintained
active during idle periods in between data reception.
Power Management
The KS8995MA/FQ features a per port power down mode. To save power the user can power down ports that are
not in use by setting port control registers or MII control registers. In addition, it also supports full chip power down
mode. When activated, the entire chip will be shutdown.
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover
The KS8995MA/FQ supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover. This facilitates the use of either a straight connection CAT5 cable or a crossover CAT-5 cable. The auto-sense function will detect remote transmit and receive pairs, and
correctly assign the transmit and receive pairs from the Micrel device. This can be highly useful when end users are
unaware of cable types and can also save on an additional uplink configuration connection. The auto crossover
feature may be disabled through the port control registers.
Auto-Negotiation
The KS8995MA/FQ conforms to the auto-negotiation protocol as described by the 802.3 committee. Auto-negotiation
allows unshielded twisted pair (UTP) link partners to select the best common mode of operation. In auto-negotiation
the link partners advertise capabilities across the link to each other. If auto-negotiation is not supported or the link
partner to the KS8995MA/FQ is forced to bypass auto-negotiation, then the mode is set by observing the signal at
the receiver. This is known as parallel mode because while the transmitter is sending auto-negotiation
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advertisements, the receiver is listening for advertisements or a fixed signal protocol.
The flow for the link setup is shown in Figure 5.
Start
Auto Negotiation
Force Link Setting
No
Parallel
Operation
Yes
Bypass
Auto-Negotiation
and Set Link Mode
Attempt
Auto-Negotiation
Listen for
100BASE-TX Idles
Listen for 10BASE-T
Link Pulses
No
Join Flow
Link Mode Set ?
Yes
Link Mode Set
Figure 5. Auto-Negotiation
Functional Overview: Switch Core
Address Look-Up
The internal look-up table stores MAC addresses and their associated information. It contains a 1K unicast address
table plus switching information. The KS8995MA/FQ is guaranteed to learn 1K addresses and distinguishes itself
from a hash-based look-up table, which depending on the operating environment and probabilities, may not
guarantee the absolute number of addresses it can learn.
Learning
The internal look-up engine updates its table with a new entry if the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s source address (SA) does not exist in the look-up table.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors and is of legal length.
The look-up engine inserts the qualified SA into the table, along with the port number and time stamp. If the table is
full, the last entry of the table is deleted first to make room for the new entry.
Migration
The internal look-up engine also monitors whether a station is moved. If this occurs, it updates the table accordingly.
Migration happens when the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s SA is in the table but the associated source port information is different.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors and is of legal length.
The look-up engine will update the existing record in the table with the new source port information.
Aging
The look-up engine will update the time stamp information of a record whenever the corresponding SA appears. The
time stamp is used in the aging process. If a record is not updated for a period of time, the look-up engine will
remove the record from the table. The look-up engine constantly performs the aging process and will continuously
remove aging records. The aging period is 300 + 75 seconds. This feature can be enabled or disabled through
Register 3 or by external pull-up or pull-down resistors on LED[5][2]. See “Register 3” section.
Forwarding
The KS8995MA/FQ will forward packets using an algorithm that is depicted in the following flowcharts. Figure 6
shows stage one of the forwarding algorithm where the search engine looks up the VLAN ID, static table, and
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dynamic table for the destination address, and comes up with “port to forward 1” (PTF1). PTF1 is then further
modified by the spanning tree, IGMP snooping, port mirroring, and port VLAN processes to come up with “port to
forward 2” (PTF2), as shown in Figure 7. This is where the packet will be sent.
KS8995MA/FQ will not forward the following packets:
• Error packets. These include framing errors, FCS errors, alignment errors, and illegal size packet errors.
• 802.3x pause frames. The KS8995MA/FQ will intercept these packets and perform the appropriate actions.
• “Local” packets. Based on destination address (DA) look-up. If the destination port from the look-up table matches
the port where the packet was from, the packet is defined as “local.”
Switching Engine
The KS8995MA/FQ features a high-performance switching engine to move data to and from the MAC’s, packet
buffers. It operates in store and forward mode, while the efficient switching mechanism reduces overall latency. The
KS8995MA/FQ has a 64kB internal frame buffer. This resource is shared between all five ports. The buffer sharing
mode can be programmed through Register 2. See “Register 2.” In one mode, ports are allowed to use any free
buffers in the buffer pool. In the second mode, each port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the total buffer pool. There are
a total of 512 buffers available. Each buffer is sized at 128B.
Media Access Controller (MAC) Operation
The KS8995MA/FQ strictly abides by IEEE 802.3 standards to maximize compatibility.
Inter-Packet Gap (IPG)
If a frame is successfully transmitted, the 96-bit time IPG is measured between the two consecutive MTXEN. If the
current packet is experiencing collision, the 96-bit time IPG is measured from MCRS and the next MTXEN.
Backoff Algorithm
The KS8995MA/FQ implements the IEEE Std. 802.3 binary exponential back-off algorithm, and optional “aggressive
mode” back off. After 16 collisions, the packet will be optionally dropped depending on the chip configuration in
Register 3. See “Register 3.”
Late Collision
If a transmit packet experiences collisions after 512-bit times of the transmission, the packet will be dropped.
Illegal Frames
The KS8995MA/FQ discards frames less than 64 bytes and can be programmed to accept frames up to 1536 bytes
in Register 4. For special applications, the KS8995MA/FQ can also be programmed to accept frames up to 1916
bytes in Register 4. Since the KS8995MA/FQ supports VLAN tags, the maximum sizing is adjusted when these tags
are present.
Flow Control
The KS8995MA/FQ supports standard 802.3x flow control frames on both transmit and receive sides.
On the receive side, if the KS8995MA/FQ receives a pause control frame, the KS8995MA/FQ will not transmit the
next normal frame until the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received
before the current timer expires, the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During this
period (being flow controlled), only flow control packets from the KS8995MA/FQ will be transmitted.
On the transmit side, the KS8995MA/FQ has intelligent and efficient ways to determine when to invoke flow control.
The flow control is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available transmit
queues and available receive queues.
The KS8995MA/FQ flow controls a port that has just received a packet if the destination port resource is busy. The
KS8995MA/FQ issues a flow control frame (XOFF), containing the maximum pause time defined in IEEE standard
802.3x. Once the resource is freed up, the KS8995MA/FQ sends out the other flow control frame (XON) with zero
pause time to turn off the flow control (turn on transmission to the port). A hysteresis feature is also provided to
prevent over-activation and deactivation of the flow control mechanism.
The KS8995MA/FQ flow controls all ports if the receive queue becomes full.
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Start
PTF1=NULL
NO
VLAN ID
VALID?
-Search VLAN table.
-Ingress VLAN filtering
-Discard NPVID check
YES
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
static table.
FOUND
Search Static
Table
Search based on
DA or DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
dynamic table.
FOUND
Dynamic
Table
Search
This search is based on
DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
VLAN table.
PTF1
Figure 6. DA Look-Up Flowchart – Stage 1
PTF1
Spanning Tre e
Process
-Check receiving port's receive enable bit
-Check destination port's transmit enable bit
-Check whether packets are special (BPDU
or specified)
IGM P Proces s
-Applied to MAC #1 to #4
-MAC#5 is reserved for microprocessor
-IGM P will be forwarded to port
5
Port Mirror
Process
-RX Mirror
-TX Mirror
-RX or TX Mirror
-RX and TX Mirror
Port VLAN
Membership
Check
PTF2
Figure 7. DA Resolution Flowchart – Stage 2
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Half-Duplex Back Pressure
The KS8995MA/FQ also provides a half-duplex back pressure option (note: this is not in IEEE 802.3 standards). The
activation and deactivation conditions are the same as the ones given for full-duplex mode. If back pressure is
required, the KS8995MA/FQ sends preambles to defer the other station's transmission (carrier sense deference). To
avoid jabber and excessive deference as defined in IEEE 802.3 standard, after a certain period of time, the
KS8995MA/FQ discontinues carrier sense but raises it quickly after it drops packets to inhibit other transmissions.
This short silent time (no carrier sense) is to prevent other stations from sending out packets and keeps other
stations in a carrier sense deferred state. If the port has packets to send during a back pressure situation, the carriersense-type back pressure is interrupted and those packets are transmitted instead. If there areno more packets to
send, carrier-sense-type back pressure becomes active again until switch resources are free. If a collisionoccurs, the
binary exponential backoff algorithm is skipped and carrier sense is generated immediately, reducing the chanceof
further colliding and maintaining carrier sense to prevent reception of packets.To ensure no packet loss in 10BASE-T
or 100BASE-TX half-duplex modes, the user must enable the following:
•
Aggressive backoff (Register 3, bit 0)
•
No excessive collision drop (Register 4, bit 3)
• Back pressure (Register 4, bit 5)
These bits are not set as the default because this is not the IEEE standard.
Broadcast Storm Protection
The KS8995MA/FQ has an intelligent option to protect the switch system from receiving too many broadcast packets.
Broadcastpackets are normally forwarded to all ports except the source port and thus use too many switch resources
(bandwidth andavailable space in transmit queues). The KS8995MA/FQ has the option to include “multicast packets”
for storm control. Thebroadcast storm rate parameters are programmed globally and can be enabled or disabled on a
per port basis. The rate is basedon a 50ms interval for 100BT and a 500ms interval for 10BT. At the beginning of
each interval, the counter is cleared to zeroand the rate limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during
the interval. The rate definition is described in Registers6 and 7. The default setting for Registers 6 and 7 is 0x4A (74
decimal). This is equal to a rate of 1%, calculated as follows:
148,800 frames/sec ¥ 50ms/interval ¥ 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A
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MII Interface Operation
The media independent interface (MII) is specified by the IEEE 802.3 committee and provides a common interface
betweenphysical layer and MAC layer devices. The KS8995MA/FQ provides two such interfaces. The MII-P5
interface is used to connectto the fifth PHY, whereas the MII-SW interface is used to connect to the fifth MAC. Each
of these MII interfaces contains twodistinct groups of signals, one for transmission and the other for receiving. Table
1 describes the signals used in the MII-P5 interface.
SNI Signal
Description
KS8995MA/FQ Signal
MTXEN
Transmit enable
PMTXEN
MTXER
Transmit error
PMTXER
MTXD3
Transmit data bit 3
PMTXD[3]
MTXD2
Transmit data bit 2
PMTXD[2]
MTXD1
Transmit data bit 1
PMTXD[1]
MTXD0
Transmit data bit 0
PMTXD[0]
MTXC
Transmit clock
PMTXC
MCOL
Collision detection
PCOL
MCRS
Carrier sense
PCRS
MRXDV
Receive data valid
PMRXDV
MRXER
Receive error
PMRXER
MRXD3
Receive data bit 3
PMRXD[3]
MRXD2
Receive data bit 2
PMRXD[2]
MRXD1
Receive data bit 1
PMRXD[1]
MRXD0
Receive data bit 0
PMRXD[0]
MRXC
Receive clock
PMRXC
MDC
Management data clock
MDC
MDIO
Management data I/O
MDIO
Table 1. MII – P5 Signals (PHY Mode)
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The table 2 shows three connection ways,
1. The first and second columns show the connections for external MAC and MII-SW PHY mode.
2. The fourth and fifth columns show the connections for external PHY and MII-SW MAC mode.
3. The second and fifth columns show the back to back connections for two MII-SWs of two devices.
PHY Mode Connection
MAC Mode Connection
External MAC
KS8995MA/FQ
Signal
Description
External PHY
KS8995MA Only
Signal
MTXEN
SMTXEN
Transmit enable
MTXEN
SMRXDV
MTXER
SMTXER
Transmit error
MTXER
Not used
MTXD3
SMTXD[3]
Transmit data bit 3
MTXD3
SMRXD[3]
MTXD2
SMTXD[2]
Transmit data bit 2
MTXD2
SMRXD[2]
MTXD1
SMTXD[1]
Transmit data bit 1
MTXD1
SMRXD[1]
MTXD0
SMTXD[0]
Transmit data bit 0
MTXD0
SMRXD[0]
MTXC
SMTXC
Transmit clock
MTXC
SMRXC
MCOL
SCOL
Collision detection
MCOL
SCOL
MCRS
SCRS
Carrier sense
MCRS
SCRS
MRXDV
SMRXDV
Receive data valid
MRXDV
SMTXEN
MRXER
Not used
Receive error
MRXER
SMTXER
MRXD3
SMRXD[3]
Receive data bit 3
MRXD3
SMTXD[3]
MRXD2
SMRXD[2]
Receive data bit 2
MRXD2
SMTXD[2]
MRXD1
SMRXD[1]
Receive data bit 1
MRXD1
SMTXD[1]
MRXD0
SMRXD[0]
Receive data bit 0
MRXD0
SMTXD[0]
MRXC
SMRXC
Receive clock
MRXC
SMTXC
Table 2. MII – SW Signals
The MII-P5 interface operates in PHY mode only, while the MII-SW interface operates in either MAC mode or PHY
mode for KSZ8995MA. The MII-SW interface operates in PHY mode only for KSZ8995FQ. These interfaces are
nibble-wide data interfaces and therefore run at 1/4 the network bit rate (not encoded). Additional signals on the
transmit side indicate when data is valid or when an error occurs during transmission. Likewise, the receive side has
indicators that convey when the data is valid and without physical layer errors. For half-duplex operation there is a
signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission.
Note that the signal MRXER is not provided on the MII-SW interface for PHY mode operation and the signal MTXER
is not provided on the MII-SW interface for MAC mode operation. Normally MRXER would indicate a receive error
coming from the physical layer device. MTXER would indicate a transmit error from the MAC device. These signals
are not appropriate for this configuration. For PHY mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995MA/FQ
has an MRXER pin, it should be tied low. For MAC mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995MA has
an MTXER pin, it should be tied low.
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SNI Interface Operation
The serial network interface (SNI) is compatible with some controllers used for network layer protocol processing.
This interface can be directly connected to these types of devices. The signals are divided into two groups, one for
transmission and the other for reception. The signals involved are described in Table 3.
SNI Signal
Description
KS8995MA/FQ
Signal
TXEN
Transmit Enable
SMTXEN
TXD
Serial Transmit Data
SMTXD[0]
TXC
Transmit Clock
SMTXC
COL
Collision Detection
SCOL
CRS
Carrier Sense
SMRXDV
RXD
Serial Receive Data
SMRXD[0]
RXC
Receive Clock
SMRXC
Table 3. SNI Signals
This interface is a bit-wide data interface and therefore runs at the network bit rate (not encoded). An additional
signal on the transmit side indicates when data is valid. Likewise, the receive side has an indicator that conveys
when the data is valid.
For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission.
Advanced Functionality
Spanning Tree Support
Port 5 is the designated port for spanning tree support.
The other ports (port 1 – port 4) can be configured in one of the five spanning tree states via “transmit enable,”
“receive enable,” and “learning disable” register settings in Registers 18, 34, 50, and 66 for ports 1, 2, 3, and 4,
respectively. The following description shows the port setting and software actions taken for each of the five
spanning tree states.
Disable state: the port should not forward or receive any packets. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: "transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1."
Software action: the processor should not send any packets to the port. The switch may still send specific packets to
the processor (packets that match some entries in the static table with “overriding bit” set) and the processor should
discard those packets. Note: processor is connected to port 5 via MII interface. Address learning is disabled on the
port in this state.
Blocking state: only packets to the processor are forwarded. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: "transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1"
Software action: the processor should not send any packets to the port(s) in this state. The processor should
program the “Static MAC table” with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g., BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit
should also be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the processor. Address learning is
disabled on the port in this state.
Listening state: only packets to and from the processor are forwarded. Learning is disabled.
Port setting: "transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 1.
"Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g.
BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. The processor may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for
details. Address learning is disabled on the port in this state.
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Learning state: only packets to and from the processor are forwarded. Learning is enabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 0, receive enable = 0, learning disable = 0.”
Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g.,
BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. The processor may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for
details. Address learning is enabled on the port in this state.
Forwarding state: packets are forwarded and received normally. Learning is enabled.
Port setting: “transmit enable = 1, receive enable = 1, learning disable = 0.”
Software action: The processor should program the static MAC table with the entries that it needs to receive (e.g.,
BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. The processor may send packets to the port(s) in this state, see “Special Tagging Mode” section for
details. Address learning is enabled on the port in this state.
Special Tagging Mode
The special tagging mode is designed for spanning tree protocol IGMP snooping and is flexible for use in other
applications. The special tagging mode, similar to 802.1q, requires software to change network drivers to
insert/modify/strip/interpret the special tag. This mode is enabled by setting both Register 11 bit 0 and Register 80 bit
2.
802.1q Tag Format
Special Tag Format
TPID (tag protocol identifier, 0x8100) + TCI
STPID (special tag identifier, 0x8100) + TCI 0x810 + 4 bit for “port mask”) + TCI
Table 4. Special Tagging Mode Format
The STPID will only be seen and used on the port 5 interface, which should be connected to a processor. Packets
from the processor to the switch should be tagged with STPID and the port mask defined as below:
“0001” packet to port 1 only
“0010” packet to port 2 only“0100” packet to port 3 only
“1000” packet to port 4 only
“0011” packet broadcast to port 1 and port 2
......
“1111” packet broadcast to port 1, 2, 3 and 4.
“0000” normal tag, will use the KS8995MA/FQ internal look-up result. Normal packets should use this setting. If
packets from the processors do not have a tag, the KS8995MA/FQ will treat them as normal packets and an internal
look-up will be performed.The KS8995MA/FQ uses a non-zero “port mask” to bypass the look-up result and override
any port setting, regardless of port states (blocking, disable, listening, learning). Table 5 shows the egress rules
when dealing with STPID.
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Ingress Tag Field
(0x810+ port mask)
Tx Port
“Tag Insertion”
0
Tx Port
“Tag Removal”
0
(0x810+ port mask)
0
1
(0x810+ port mask)
1
0
(0x810+ port mask)
1
1
Don’t care
Don’t care
Not tagged
Egress Action to Tag Field
• Modify tag field to 0x8100.
• Recalculate CRC.
• No change to TCI if not null VID.
• Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID.
• (STPID + TCI) will be removed.
• Padding to 64 bytes if necessary.
• Recalculate CRC.
• Modify tag field to 0x8100.
• Recalculate CRC.
• No change to TCI if not null VID.
• Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID.
• Modify tag field to 0x8100.
• Recalculate CRC.
• No change to TCI if not null VID.
• Replace VID with ingress (port 5) port VID if null VID.
Determined by the dynamic MAC address table.
Table 5. STPID Egress Rules (Processor to Switch Port 5)
For packets from regular ports (port 1 - port 4) to port 5, the port mask is used to tell the processor which port the
packet was received on, defined as:
“0001” from port 1,
“0010” from port 2,
“0100” from port 3,
“1000” from port 4
No values other than the previous four defined should be received in this direction in the special mode. Table 6
shows the egress rule for this direction.
Ingress Packets
Tagged with 0x8100 + TCI
Not tagged
Egress Action to Tag Field
•
•
Modify TPID to 0x810 + “port mask,” which indicates source port.
No change to TCI, if VID is not null.
•
Replace null VID with ingress port VID.
•
Recalculate CRC.
•
•
Insert TPID to 0x810 + “port mask,” which indicates source port.
Insert TCI with ingress port VID.
•
Recalculate CRC.
Table 6. STPID Egress Rules (Switch to Processor)
IGMP Support
There are two parts involved to support IGMP in Layer 2. The first part is “IGMP” snooping. The switch will trap IGMP
packets and forward them only to the processor port. The IGMP packets are identified as IP packets (either Ethernet
IP packets or IEEE 802.3 SNAP IP packets) AND IP version = 0x4 AND protocol number = 0x2. The second part is
“multicast address insertion” in the static MAC table. Once the multicast address is programmed in the static MAC
table, the multicast session will be trimmed to the subscribed ports, instead of broadcasting to all ports. To enable
this feature, set Register 5 bit 6 to 1. Also “special tag mode” needs to be enabled, so that the processor knows
which port the IGMP packet was received on. Enable “special tag mode” by setting both Register 11 bit 0 and
Register 80 bit 2.
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Port Mirroring Support
KS8995MA/FQ supports “port mirror” comprehensively as:
1. “Receive Only” mirror on a port. All the packets received on the port will be mirrored on the sniffer port. For
example, port 1 is programmed to be “rx sniff,” and port 5 is programmed to be the “sniffer port.” A packet,
received on port 1, is destined to port 4 after the internal look-up. The KS8995MA/FQ will forward the packet to
both port 4 and port 5. KS8995MA/FQ can optionally forward even “bad” received packets to port 5.
2. “Transmit Only” mirror on a port. All the packets transmitted on the port will be mirrored on the sniffer port. For
example, port 1 is programmed to be “tx sniff,” and port 5 is programmed to be the “sniffer port.” A packet,
received on any of the ports, is destined to port 1 after the internal look-up. The KS8995MA/FQ will forward the
packet to both ports 1 and 5.
3. “Receive and Transmit” mirror on two ports. All the packets received on port A AND transmitted on port B will
be mirrored on the sniffer port. To turn on the “AND” feature, set Register 5 bit 0 to 1. For example, port 1 is
programmed to be “rx sniff,” port 2 is programmed to be “transmit sniff,” and port 5 is programmed to be the
“sniffer port.” A packet, received on port 1, is destined to port 4 after the internal look-up. The KS8995MA/FQ
will forward the packet to port 4 only, since it does not meet the “AND” condition. A packet, received on port 1,
is destined to port 2 after the internal look-up. The KS8995MA/FQ will forward the packet to both port 2 and
port 5.
Multiple ports can be selected to be “rx sniffed” or “tx sniffed.” And any port can be selected to be the “sniffer port.”
All these per port features can be selected through Register 17.
VLAN Support
KS8995MA/FQ supports 16 active VLANs out of 4096 possible VLANs specified in IEEE 802.1q. KS8995MA/FQ
provides a 16-entry VLAN table, which converts VID (12 bits) to FID (4 bits) for address look-up. If a non-tagged or
null-VID-tagged packet is received, the ingress port VID is used for look-up. In the VLAN mode, the look-up process
starts with VLAN table look-up to determine whether the VID is valid. If the VID is not valid, the packet will be
dropped and its address will not be learned. If the VID is valid, FID is retrieved for further look-up. FID+DA is used to
determine the destination port. FID+SA is used for learning purposes.
DA found in
Static MAC table
No
USE FID
Flag?
Don’t care
FID Match?
Don’t care
DA+FID found in
Dynamic MAC table
No
No
Don’t care
Don’t care
Yes
Yes
0
Don’t care
Don’t care
Yes
1
No
No
Yes
1
No
Yes
Yes
1
Yes
Don’t care
Action
Broadcast to the membership ports defined in
the VLAN table bit [20:16].
Send to the destination port defined in the
dynamic MAC table bit [54:52].
Send to the destination port(s) defined in the
static MAC table bit [52:48].
Broadcast to the membership ports defined in
the VLAN table bit [20:16].
Send to the destination port defined in the
dynamic MAC table bit [54:52].
Send to the destination port(s) defined in the
static MAC table bit [52:48].
Table 7. FID+DA Look-Up in the VLAN Mode
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SA+FID found in
Dynamic MAC table
No
Yes
KS8995MA/FQ
Action
The SA+FID will be learned into the dynamic table.
Time stamp will be updated.
Table 8. FID+SA Look-Up in the VLAN Mode
Advanced VLAN features are also supported in KS8995MA/FQ, such as “VLAN ingress filtering” and “discard non
PVID” defined in Register 18 bit 6 and bit 5. These features can be controlled on a port basis.
Rate Limit Support
KS8995MA/FQ supports hardware rate limiting on “receive” and “transmit” independently on a per port basis. It also
supports rate limiting in a priority or non-priority environment. The rate limit starts from 0Kbps and goes up to the line
rate in steps of 32Kbps. The KS8995MA/FQ uses one second as an interval. At the beginning of each interval, the
counter is cleared to zero, and the rate limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during this interval.
For receive, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop receiving packets on the port
until the “one second” interval expires. There is an option provided for flow control to prevent packet loss. If the rate
limit is programmed greater than or equal to 128Kbps and the byte counter is 8K bytes below the limit, the flow
control will be triggered. If the rate limit is programmed lower than 128Kbps and the byte counter is 2K bytes below
the limit, the flow control will be triggered.
For transmit, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop transmitting packets on the
port until the “one second” interval expires.
If priority is enabled, the KS8995MA/FQ can support different rate controls for both high priority and low priority
packets. This can be programmed through Registers 21–27.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Configuration Interface
The KS8995MA/FQ can function as a managed switch or unmanaged switch. If no EEPROM or micro-controller
exists, the KS8995MA/FQ will operate from its default setting. Some default settings are configured via strap in
options as indicated in the table below.
Pin #
Pin Name
PU/PD(1)
1
MDI-XDIS
Ipd
45
MUX1
NC
46
MUX2
NC
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Description(1)
Disable auto MDI/MDI-X.
PD = (default) = normal operation
PU = disable auto MDI/MDI-X on all ports.
Factory test pins. MUX1 and MUX2 should be left unconnected for normal
operation.
Mode
MUX1
MUX2
Normal Operation
NC
NC
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow control; PU =
disable flow control.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back pressure; PU
= enable back pressure.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive collision
packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable aggressive backoff algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for performance enhancement.
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = 1522/1518 bytes; PU =
packet size up to 1536 bytes.
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/strap option for port 4 only. PD (default) = force halfduplex if auto-negotiation is disabled or fails. PU = force full-duplex if autonegotiation is disabled or fails. Refer to register 76.
PHY[5] MII collision detect/strap option for port 4 only. PD (default) = no force
flow control. PU = force flow control. Refer to register 66.
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = disable switch MII fullduplex flow control; PU = enable switch MII full-duplex flow control.
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = switch MII in full-duplex
mode; PU = switch MII in half-duplex mode.
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = switch MII in 100Mbps
mode; PU = switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
Switch MII receive bit 0. Strap option: LED mode PD (default) = mode 0; PU =
mode 1. See “Register 11.”
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
Notes:
1.
NC = No connect.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Fulld = Full duplex.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Pin #
Pin Name
PU/PD(1)
86
SCONF1
Ipd
87
SCONF0
Ipd
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
113
PS1
Ipd
Description(1)
Dual MII configuration pin. For the Switch MII, KSZ8995MA supports both MAC
mode and PHY mode, KSZ8995FQ supports PHY mode only.
Pins 91, 86, 87
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
Dual MII configuration pin.
LED indicator 2. Strap option: Aging setup. See “Aging” section PU (default) =
aging enable; PD = aging disable.
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY[5] MII I/F. PD: tristate
all PHY[5] MII output. See “Pin 86 SCONF1.”
Serial bus configuration pin. For this case, if the EEPROM is not present, the
KS8995MA/FQ will start itself with the PS[1:0] =00 default register values .
Pin Configuration
Serial Bus Configuration
PS[1:0]=00
I2C Master Mode for EEPROM
PS[1:0]=01
Reserved
PS[1:0]=10
SPI Slave Mode for CPU Interface
PS[1:0]=11
Factory Test Mode (BIST)
114
PS0
Ipd
Serial bus configuration pin. See “Pin 113.”
128
TEST2
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
Notes:
1.
NC = No connect.
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down.
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
Otri = Output tristated.
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KS8995MA/FQ
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration
If a 2-wire EEPROM exists, the KS8995MA/FQ can perform more advanced features like broadcast storm protection
and rate control. The EEPROM should have the entire valid configuration data from Register 0 to Register 109
defined in the “Memory Map,” except the status registers. After reset, the KS8995MA/FQ will start to read all 110
registers sequentially from the EEPROM. The configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms as shown in Figure
8.
RST_N
....
SCL
....
SDA
....
t prgm <15 ms
Figure 8. KS8995MA/FQ EEPROM
Configuration Timing Diagram
To configure the KS8995MA/FQ with a pre-configured EEPROM use the following steps:
1. At the board level, connect pin 110 on the KS8995MA/FQ to the SCL pin on the EEPROM. Connect pin 111 on
the KS8995MA/FQ to the SDA pin on the EEPROM.
2. Set the input signals PS[1:0] (pins 113 and 114, respectively) to “00.” This puts the KS8995MA/FQ serial bus
configuration into I2C master mode.
3. Be sure the board-level reset signal is connected to the KS8995MA/FQ reset signal on pin 115 (RST_N).
4. Program the contents of the EEPROM before placing it on the board with the desired configuration data. Note
that the first byte in the EEPROM must be “95” for the loading to occur properly. If this value is not correct, all
other data will be ignored.
5. Place EEPROM on the board and power up the board. Assert the active-low board level reset to RST_N on the
KS8995MA/FQ. After the reset is de-asserted, the KS8995MA/FQ will begin reading configuration data from the
EEPROM. The configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms.
Note: For proper operation, make sure that pin 47 (PWRDN_N) is not asserted during the reset operation.
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration
The KS8995MA/FQ can also act as an SPI slave device. Through the SPI, the entire feature set can be enabled,
including “VLAN,” “IGMP snooping,” “MIB counters,” etc. The external master device can access any register from
Register 0 to Register 127 randomly. The system should configure all the desired settings before enabling the switch
in the KS8995MA/FQ. To enable the switch, write a "1" to Register 1 bit 0.
Two standard SPI commands are supported (00000011 for “READ DATA,” and 00000010 for “WRITE DATA”). To
speed configuration time, the KS8995MA/FQ also supports multiple reads or writes. After a byte is written to or read
from the KS8995MA/FQ, the internal address counter automatically increments if the SPI Slave Select Signal
(SPIS_N) continues to be driven low. If SPIS_N is kept low after the first byte is read, the next byte at the next
address will be shifted out on SPIQ. If SPIS_N is kept low after the first byte is written, bits on the Master Out Slave
Input (SPID) line will be written to the next address. Asserting SPIS_N high terminates a read or write operation. This
means that the SPIS_N signal must be asserted high and then low again before issuing another command and
address. The address counter wraps back to zero once it reaches the highest address. Therefore the entire register
set can be written to or read from by issuing a single command and address.
The KS8995MA/FQ is able to support a 5MHz SPI bus. A high performance SPI master is recommended to prevent
internal counter overflow.
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KS8995MA/FQ
To use the KS8995MA/FQ SPI:
1. At the board level, connect KS8995MA/FQ pins as follows:
KS8995MA/FQ Pin
Number
112
KS8995MA/FQ Signal
Name
SPIS_N
Microprocessor Signal Description
110
SPIC
SPI Clock
111
SPID
Master Out Slave Input
109
SPIQ
Master In Slave Output
SPI Slave Select
Table 9. SPI Connections
2. Set the input signals PS[1:0] (pins 113 and 114, respectively) to “10” to set the serial configuration to SPI slave
mode.
3. Power up the board and assert a reset signal. After reset wait 100µs, the start switch bit in Register 1 will be set
to ‘0’. Configure the desired settings in the KS8995MA/FQ before setting the start register to ‘1.'
4. Write configuration to registers using a typical SPI write data cycle as shown in Figure 9 or SPI multiple write as
shown in Figure 11. Note that data input on SPID is registered on the rising edge of SPIC.
5. Registers can be read and configuration can be verified with a typical SPI read data cycle as shown in Figure 10
or a multiple read as shown in Figure 12. Note that read data is registered out of SPIQ on the falling edge of
SPIC.
6. After configuration is written and verified, write a ‘1’ to Register 1 bit 0 to begin KS8995MA/FQ operation.
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KS8995MA/FQ
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
WRITE DATA
Figure 9. SPI Write Data Cycle
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
SPIQ
A1
A0
D7
READ COMMAND
READ ADDRESS
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ DATA
Figure 10. SPI Read Data Cycle
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KS8995MA/FQ
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
D7
D6
D5
D4
D4
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D7
D0
D6
D5
D4
D3
SPIQ
Byte 2
Byte 3 ...
Byte N
Figure 11. SPI Multiple Write
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
SPIQ
READ COMMAND
A0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SPIQ
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Byte 2
Byte 3 ...
Byte N
Figure 12. SPI Multiple Read
MII Management Interface (MIIM)
A standard MIIM interface is provided for all five PHY devices in the KS8995MA/FQ. An external device with
MDC/MDIO capability is able to read PHY status or to configure PHY settings. The device is able to meet IEEE
specification of 2.5MHz MDC clock. For details on the MIIM interface standard please reference the IEEE 802.3
specification (section 22.2.4.5). The MIIM interface does not have access to all the configuration registers in the
KS8995MA/FQ. It can only access the standard MII registers. See “MIIM Registers.” The SPI interface, on the other
hand, can be used to access the entire KS8995MA/FQ feature set.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Register Description
Offset
Decimal
Hex
Description
0-1
0x00-0x01
Chip ID Registers
2-11
0x02-0x0B
Global Control Registers
12-15
0x0C-0x0F
Reserved
16-29
0x10-0x1D
Port 1 Control Registers
30-31
0x1E-0x2F
Port 1 Status Registers
32-45
0x20-0x2D
Port 2 Control Registers
46-47
0x2E-0x2F
Port 2 Status Registers
48-61
0x30-0x3D
Port 3 Control Registers
62-63
0x3E-0x3F
Port 3 Status Registers
64-77
0x40-0x4D
Port 4 Control Registers
78-79
0x4E-0x4F
Port 4 Status Registers
80-93
0x50-0x5D
Port 5 Control Registers
94-95
0x5E-0x5F
Port 5 Status Registers
96-103
0x60-0x67
TOS Priority Control Registers
104-109
0x68-0x6D
MAC Address Registers
110-111
0x6E-0x6F
Indirect Access Control Registers
112-120
0x70-0x78
Indirect Data Registers
121-122
0x79-0x7A
Digital Testing Status Registers
123-124
0x7B-0x7C
Digital Testing Control Registers
125-126
0x7D-0x7E
Analog Testing Control Registers
127
0x7F
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Global Registers
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Chip family.
RO
0x95
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0
7-0
family ID
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1 / Start Switch
7-4
Chip ID
0x0 is assigned to M series. (95MA)
RO
0x0
3-1
Revision ID
Revision ID
RO
0
Start Switch
1, start the chip when external pins (PS1, PS0) = (1,0) or
(0,1). Note: in (PS1,PS0) = (0,0) mode, the chip will
start automatically, after trying to read the external
EEPROM. If EEPROM does not exist, the chip will use
default values for all internal registers. If EEPROM is
present, the contents in the EEPROM will be checked.
The switch will check: (1) Register 0 = 0x95,
(2) Register 1 [7:4] = 0x0. If this check is OK, the
contents in the EEPROM will override chip register
default values =0, chip will not start when external pins
(PS1, PS0) = (1,0) or (0,1).
Note: (PS1, PS0) = (1,1) for Factory test only.
RW
Based on real chip
revision. 0x02=B2,
0x03=B3,
0x04=B4,
0x05=B5, etc.
0x0
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0
7
Reserved
Reserved.
R/W
0x0
6-4
802.1p Base Priority
R/W
0x4
3
Enable PHY MII
Used to classify priority for incoming 802.1q packets
“User priority” is compared against this value ⊕ :
classified as high priority. < : classified as low priority.
1, enable PHY MII-P5 interface.
Note: if not enabled, the switch will tri-state all outputs.
2
Buffer Share Mode
R/W
1
UNH Mode
0
Link Change Age
1, buffer pool is shared by all ports. A port can use more
buffer when other ports are not busy.
0, a port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the buffer pool.
1, the switch will drop packets with 0x8808 in T/L filed, or
DA=01-80-C2-00-00-01.
0, the switch will drop packets qualified as “flow control”
packets.
1, link change from “link” to “no link” will cause fast aging
(<800µs) to age address table faster. After an age cycle
is complete, the age logic will return to normal (300 + 75
seconds ). Note: If any port is
unplugged, all addresses will be automatically aged out.
R/W
Pin LED5-1 strap
option.
Pull-down (0):
isolate. Pull-up
(1): Enable.
Note: LED[5][1]
has internal pullup.
0x1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1
7
Pass All Frames
6
Reserved
Semptember 2008
1, switch all packets including bad ones. Used solely for
debugging purpose. Works in conjunction with
sniffer mode.
Reserved.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Address
Name
Description
Mode
5
IEEE 802.3x Transmit
Flow Control Disable
0, will enable transmit flow control based on AN result.
1, will not enable transmit flow control regardless of
AN result.
R/W
4
IEEE 802.3x Receive
Flow Control Disable
0, will enable receive flow control based on AN result.
1, will not enable receive flow control regardless of
AN result.
Note: Bit 5 and bit 4 default values are controlled by
the same pin, but they can be programmed
independently.
R/W
3
Frame Length Field Check
R/W
2
Aging Enable
1, will check frame length field in the IEEE packets
If the actual length does not match, the packet will be
dropped (for L/T <1500) .
1, Enable age function in the chip.
0, Disable aging function.
1
fast age Enable
1 = Turn on fast age (800µs).
R/W
0
Aggressive Back Off Enable
1 = Enable more aggressive back-off algorithm in half
duplex mode to enhance performance. This is not an
IEEE standard.
R/W
Pin PMRXD0
strap option. Pulldown (0): Disable
aggressive back
off. Pull-up (1):
Aggressive back
off. Note:
PMRXD0 has
internal pull down.
This feature is used for port VLAN (described in Register
17, Register 33...). 1, all packets can not cross VLAN
boundary. 0, unicast packets (excluding unknown/
multicast/broadcast) can cross VLAN boundary.
1, “Broadcast Storm Protection” does not include
multicast packets. Only DA=FFFFFFFFFFFF packets will
be regulated.
0, “Broadcast Storm Protection” includes DA =
FFFFFFFFFFFF and DA[40] = 1 packets.
1, carrier sense based backpressure is selected.
0, collision based backpressure is selected.
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
Default
Pin PMRXD3
strap option.
Pull-down(0):
Enable Tx flow
control. Pull-up(1):
Disable Tx/Rx flow
control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
Pin PMRXD3
strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Enable Rx
flow
control. Pull-up
(1):
Disable Tx/Rx flow
control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
0
Pin LED[5][2]
strap option. Pulldown (0): Aging
disable Pull-up
(1): Aging enable.
Note: LED[5][2]
has internal pull
up.
0
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2
7
Unicast Port-VLAN
Mismatch Discard
6
Multicast Storm Protection
Disable
5
Back Pressure Mode
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KS8995MA/FQ
Address
Name
Description
4
Flow Control and Back
Pressure fair Mode
3
No Excessive Collision Drop
1, fair mode is selected. In this mode, if a flow control port
and a non-flow control port talk to the same destination
port, packets from the non-flow control port may be
dropped. This is to prevent the flow control port from
being flow controlled for an extended period of time.
0, in this mode, if a flow control port and a non-flow
control port talk to the same destination port, the flow
control port will be flow controlled. This may not be “fair”
to the flow control port.
1, the switch will not drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
0, the switch will drop packets when 16 or more collisions
occur.
2
Huge Packet Support
1
Legal Maximum Packet
Size Check Disable
0
Priority Buffer Reserve
1, will accept packet sizes up to 1916 bytes (inclusive).
This bit setting will override setting from bit 1 of the same
register. 0, the max packet size will be determined by bit 1
of this register.
1, will accept packet sizes up to 1536 bytes (inclusive).
0, 1522 bytes for tagged packets (not including packets
with STPID from CPU to ports 1-4), 1518 bytes for
untagged packets. Any packets larger than the specified
value will be dropped.
Mode
Default
R/W
1
R/W
Pin PMRXD1
strap option. Pulldown (0): Drop
excessive collision
packets. Pull-up
(1):
Don’t drop
excessive collision
packets. Note:
PMRXD1 has
internal pull down.
0
R/W
R/W
Pin PMRXER
strap option.
Pull-down (0):
1518/1522 byte
packets. Pull-up
(1): 1536 byte
packets.
Note: PMRXER
has internal pulldown.
0
1, each output queue is pre-allocated 48 buffers, used
exclusively for high priority packets. It is recommended to
enable this when priority queue feature is turned on.
0, no reserved buffers for high priority packets.
R/W
1, 802.1q VLAN mode is turned on. VLAN table needs to
set up before the operation.
0, 802.1q VLAN is disabled.
1, IGMP snoop enabled. All the IGMP packets will be
forwarded to Switch MII port.
0, IGMP snoop disabled.
1, direct mode on port 5. This is a special mode for the
Switch MII interface. Using preamble before MRXDV to
direct switch to forward packets, bypassing internal lookup.
0, normal operation.
1, packets forwarded to Switch MII interface will be
pre-tagged with the source port number (preamble
before MRXDV).
0, normal operation.
00 = always deliver high priority packets first.
01 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 10/1.
10 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 5/1.
11 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 2/1.
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
00
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3
7
802.1q VLAN Enable
6
IGMP Snoop Enable on
Switch MII Interface
5
Enable Direct Mode on
Switch MII Interface
4
Enable Pre-Tag on
Switch MII Interface
3-2
Priority Scheme Select
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
1
Enable “Tag” Mask
1, the last 5 digits in the VID field are used as a mask to
determine which port(s) the packet should be forwarded
to.
0, no tag masks.
1, will do Rx AND Tx sniff (both source port and
destination port need to match).
0, will do Rx OR Tx sniff (Either source port or destination
port needs to match).
This is the mode used to implement Rx only sniff.
R/W
0
0
Sniff Mode Select
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
Register 6 (0x07): Global Control 4
7
Switch MII Back
Pressure Enable
6
Switch MII Half-Duplex
Mode
1, enable half-duplex back pressure on switch MII
interface.
0, disable back pressure on switch MII interface.
1, enable MII interface half-duplex mode.
0, enable MII interface full-duplex mode.
5
Switch MII Flow
Control Enable
1, enable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
0, disable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
R/W
4
Switch MII 10BT
1, the switch interface is in 10Mbps mode.
0, the switch interface is in 100Mbps mode.
R/W
3
Null VID Replacement
R/W
2-0
Broadcast Storm
Protection Rate Bit [10:8]
1, will replace null VID with port VID (12 bits).
0, no replacement for null VID.
This along with the next register determines how many
“64 byte blocks” of packet data allowed on an input port in
a preset period. The period is 50ms for 100BT or 500ms
for 10BT. The default is 1%.
Pin SMRXD2
strap option. Pulldown (0): Fullduplex mode. Pullup (1): Half-duplex
mode. Note:
SMRXD2 has
internal pull-down.
Pin SMRXD3
strap
option. Pull-down
(0): disable flow
control. Pull-up(1):
enable flow
control.
Note: SMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
Pin SMRXD1
strap option. Pulldown (0): Enable
100Mbps. Pull-up
(1): Enable
10Mpbs.
Note: SMRXD1
has internal pulldown.
0
R/W
000
This along with the previous register determines how many
“64 byte blocks” of packet data are allowed on an input
port in a preset period. The period is 50ms for
100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%.
R/W
0x4A(1)
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Reserved
R/W
0x28
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5
7-0
Broadcast Storm
Protection Rate Bit [7:0]
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6
7-0
Factory Testing
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7
7-0
Factory Testing
Note:
1.
148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A.
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Address
KS8995MA/FQ
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9
7-4
Reserved
N/A
0
3
2
PHY Power
Save
Factory Setting
1 = disable PHY power save mode.
0 = enable PHY power save mode.
Reserved
1
LED Mode
0 = led mode 0.
1 = led mode 1.
Mode 0, link at
100/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,0,0
100/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,0
10/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,0,1
10/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
Pin SMRXD- strap
option. Pulldown(0): Enabled
led mode 0. Pullup(1): Enabled led
mode 1.
Note: SMPXD0
has internal pulldown 0.
R/W
0
Mode 1, link at
0
Special TIPD Mode
Semptember 2008
100/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,0
100/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=0,1,1
10/Full LEDx[2,1,0]=1,0,0
(0=LED on, 1=LED off)
Mode 0
10/Half LEDx[2,1,0]=1,0,1
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
1 = enable special tag mode.
0 = disable special tag mode.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Port Registers
The following registers are used to enable features that are assigned on a per port basis. The register bit
assignments are the same for all ports, but the address for each port is different, as indicated.
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0
Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0
Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0
Register 64 (0x40): Port 4 Control 0
Register 80 (0x50): Port 5 Control 0
Address
Name
Description
7
Broadcast Storm
Protection Enable
6
DiffServ Priority
Classification Enable
5
802.1p Priority
Classification Enable
4
Port-Based Priority
Classification Enable
3
Reserved
2
Tag insertion
1
Tag Removal
0
Priority Enable
Semptember 2008
Mode
Default
1, enable broadcast storm protection for ingress
packets on the port.
0, disable broadcast storm protection.
1, enable DiffServ priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0, disable DiffServ function.
1, enable 802.1p priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0, disable 802.1p.
1, ingress packets on the port will be classified as high
priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not
enabled or fails to classify.
0, ingress packets on port will be classified as low
priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not
enabled or fails to classify.
Note: “DiffServ”, “802.1p” and port priority can be
enabled at the same time. The OR’ed result of 802.1p
and DSCP overwrites the port priority.
Reserved
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
1, when packets are output on the port, the switch will
add 802.1q tags to packets without 802.1q tags when
received. The switch will not add tags to packets
already tagged. The tag inserted is the ingress port’s
“port VID.”
0, disable tag insertion.
1, when packets are output on the port, the switch will
remove 802.1q tags from packets with 802.1q tags
when received. The switch will not modify packets
received without tags.
0, disable tag removal.
1, the port output queue is split into high and low
priority queues.
0, single output queue on the port. There is no priority
differentiation even though packets are classified into
high or low priority.
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
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KS8995MA/FQ
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1
Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1
Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1
Register 65 (0x41): Port 4 Control 1
Register 81 (0x51): Port 5 Control 1
Address
Name
Description
7
Sniffer Port
6
Receive Sniff
5
Transmit Sniff
4-0
Port VLAN Membership
1, port is designated as sniffer port and will transmit
packets that are monitored.
0, port is a normal port.
1, all the packets received on the port will be marked
as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the
designated “sniffer port.”
0, no receive monitoring.
1, all the packets transmitted on the port will be marked
as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the
designated “sniffer port.”
0, no transmit monitoring.
Define the port’s Port VLAN membership. Bit 4 stands
for port 5, bit 3 for port 4...bit 0 for port 1. The port can
only communicate within the membership. A ‘1’
includes a port in the membership, a ‘0’ excludes a port
from membership.
Mode
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0x1f
Mode
Default
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2
Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2
Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2
Register 66 (0x42): Port 4 Control 2
Register 82 (0x52): Port 5 Control 2
Address
Name
Description
7
Reserved
Reserved
6
Ingress VLAN Filtering.
5
Discard Non-PVID
packets
4
Force Flow Control
1, the switch will discard packates whose VID port
membership in VLAN table bit[20:16] does not include
the ingress port.
0, no ingress VLAN filtering.
1, the switch will discard packets whose VID does not
match ingress port default VID.
0, no packets will be discarded.
1, will always enable Rx and Tx flow control on the
port, regardless of AN result.
0, the flow control is enabled based on AN result.
Semptember 2008
0x0
49
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
For port 4 only,
there is a special
configuration pin
to set the default,
Pin PCOL strap
option. Pull-down
(0): No force flow
control. Pull-up
(1): Force flow
control. Note:
PCOL has
internal pull-down.
M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
3
Back Pressure Enable
1, enable port half-duplex back pressure.
0, disable port half-duplex back pressure.
R/W
1, enable packet transmission on the port.
0, disable packet transmission on the port.
1, enable packet reception on the port.
0, disable packet reception on the port.
1, disable switch address learning capability.
0, enable switch address learning.
R/W
Pin PMRXD2
strap option. Pulldown (0): disable
back pressure.
Pull-up(1): enable
back pressure.
Note: PMRXD2
has internal pulldown.
1
2
Transmit Enable
1
Receive Enable
R/W
1
0
Learning Disable
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
1
Note:
Bits 2-0 are used for spanning tree support. See “Spanning Tree Support” section.
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3
Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3
Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3
Register 67 (0x43): Port 4 Control 3
Register 83 (0x53): Port 5 Control 3
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Default Tag [15:8]
Port’s default tag, containing:
7-5: user priority bits
4: CFI bit
3-0 : VID[11:8]
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4
Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4
Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4
Register 68 (0x44): Port 4 Control 4
Register 84 (0x54): Port 5 Control 4
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Default Tag [7:0]
Default port 1’s tag, containing:
7-0: VID[7:0]
Note:
Registers 19 and 20 (and those corresponding to other ports) serve two purposes: (1) Associated with the ingress untagged packets, and used for
egress tagging; (2) Default VID for the ingress untagged or null-VID-tagged packets, and used for address look up.
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Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5
Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5
Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5
Register 69 (0x45): Port 4 Control 5
Register 85 (0x55): Port 5 Control 5
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Transmit High Priority
Rate Control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted (in a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period).
Mode
Default
R/W
0
Mode
Default
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6
Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6
Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6
Register 70 (0x46): Port 4 Control 6
Register 86 (0x56): Port 5 Control 6
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Transmit Low Priority
Rate Control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted (in a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period).
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
0
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7
Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7
Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7
Register 71 (0x47): Port 4 Control 7
Register 87 (0x57): Port 5 Control 7
Address
Name
Description
7-4
Transmit Low Priority
Rate Control [11:8]
3-0
Transmit High Priority
Rate Control [11:8]
This along with port control 6, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted (in a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period).
This along with port control 5, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted (in unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period).
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8
Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8
Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8
Register 72 (0x48): Port 4 Control 8
Register 88 (0x58): Port 5 Control 8
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Receive High Priority
Rate Control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received (in a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period).
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Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9
Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9
Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9
Register 73 (0x49): Port 4 Control 9
Register 89 (0x59): Port 5 Control 9
Address
Name
Description
7-0
Receive Low Priority
Rate Control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received (in a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period).
Mode
Default
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
Mode
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10
Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 Control 10
Register 58 (0x3A): Port 3 Control 10
Register 74 (0x4A): Port 4 Control 10
Register 90 (0x5A): Port 5 Control 10
Address
Name
Description
7-4
Receive Low Priority
Rate Control [11:8]
3-0
Receive High Priority
Rate Control [11:8]
This along with port control 9, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received (in a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period).
This along with port control 8, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received (in a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period).
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11
Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 Control 11
Register 59 (0x3B): Port 3 Control 11
Register 75 (0x4B): Port 4 Control 11
Register 91 (0x5B): Port 5 Control 11
Address
Name
Description
7
Receive Differential
Priority Rate Control
6
Low Priority Receive
Rate Control Enable
High Priority Receive
Rate Control Enable
1, If bit 6 is also ‘1’ this will enable receive rate control
for this port on low priority packets at the low priority
rate. If bit 5 is also ‘1’, this will enable receive rate
control on high priority packets at the high priority rate.
0, receive rate control will be based on the low priority
rate for all packets on this port.
1, enable port’s low priority receive rate control feature.
0, disable port’s low priority receive rate control.
1, if bit 7 is also ‘1’ this will enable the port’s high
priority receive rate control feature. If bit 7 is a ‘0’ and
bit 6 is a ‘1’, all receive packets on this port will be rate
controlled at the low priority rate.
0, disable port’s high priority receive rate control
feature.
1, flow control may be asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
0, flow control is not asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
5
4
Low Priority Receive
Rate Flow Control Enable
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KS8995MA/FQ
Address
Name
Description
3
High Priority Receive
Rate Flow Control Enable
2
Transmit Differential
Priority Rate Control
1
Low Priority Transmit
Rate Control Enable
0
High Priority Transmit
Rate Control Enable
1, flow control may be asserted if the port’s high priority
receive rate is exceeded. To use this, differential
receive rate control must be on.
0, flow control is not asserted if the port’s high priority
receive rate is exceeded.
1, transmit rate control on both high and low priority
packets based on the rate counters defined by the high
and low priority packets respectively.
0, transmit rate control on any packets. The rate
counters defined in low priority will be used.
1, enable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
0, disable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
1, enable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
0, disable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
Mode
Default
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
Mode
Default
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12
Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12
Register 60 (0x3C): Port 3 Control 12
Register 76 (0x4C): Port 4 Control 12
Register 92 (0x5C): Port 5 Control 12
Address
Name
Description
7
Disable Auto-Negotiation
R/W
0
6
Forced Speed
R/W
1
5
Forced Duplex
1, disable auto-negotiation, speed and duplex are
decided by bit 6 and 5 of the same register.
0, auto-negotiation is on.
1, forced 100BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
0, forced 10BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
1, forced full-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
0, forced half-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
R/W
4
Advertised Flow Control
Capability
R/W
3
Advertised 100BT FullDuplex Capability
R/W
1
2
Advertised 100BT HalfDuplex Capability
R/W
1
1
Advertised 10BT FullDuplex Capability
1, advertise flow control capability.
0, suppress flow control capability from transmission to
link partner.
1, advertise 100BT full-duplex capability.
0, suppress 100BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
1, advertise 100BT half-duplex capability.
0, suppress 100BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
1, advertise 10BT full-duplex capability.
0, suppress 10BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
0 For port 4 only,
there is a special
configure pin to
set the default pin
PCRS strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Force halfduplex. Pull-up
(1): Force fullduplex. Note:
PCRS has
internal pull down.
1
R/W
1
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KS8995MA/FQ
Address
Name
Description
0
Advertised 10BT HalfDuplex Capability
1, advertise 10BT half-duplex capability.
0, suppress 10BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
Mode
Default
R/W
1
Note:
Port Control 12 and 13, and Port Status 0 contents can be accessed by MIIM (MDC/MDIO) interface via the standard MIIM register definition.
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13
Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13
Register 61 (0x3D): Port 3 Control 13
Register 77 (0x4D): Port 4 Control 13
Register 93 (0x5D): Port 5 Control 13
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
LED Off
1, turn off all port’s LEDs (LEDx_2, LEDx_1, LEDx_0,
where “x” is the port number). These pins will be driven
high if this bit is set to one.
0, normal operation.
1, disable port’s transmitter.
0, normal operation.
1, restart auto-negotiation. 0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
6
Txids
R/W
0
5
Restart AN
R/W
0
4
Disable far End fault
1, disable far end fault detection and pattern
transmission.
0, enable far end fault detection and pattern
transmission.
1, power down.
0, normal operation.
1, disable auto MDI/MDI-X function.
0, enable auto MDI/MDI-X function.
1, if auto MDI/MDI-X is disabled, force PHY into MDI
mode.
0, MDIX mode.
1, perform MAC loopback.
0, normal operation.
R/W
0
3
Power Down
R/W
0
2
Disable Auto MDI/MDI-X
R/W
0
1
Forced MDI
R/W
0
0
MAC Loopback
R/W
0
Mode
Default
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0
Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0
Register 62 (0x3E): Port 3 Status 0
Register 78 (0x4E): Port 4 Status 0
Register 94 (0x5E): Port 5 Status 0
Address
Name
Description
7
MDIX Status
6
AN Done
5
Link Good
4
Partner Flow Control
Capability
Partner 100BT FullDuplex Capability
1, MDI.
0, MDI-X.
1, AN done.
0, AN not done.
1, link good.
0, link not good.
1, link partner flow control capable.
0, link partner not flow control capable.
1, link partner 100BT full-duplex capable.
0, link partner not 100BT full-duplex capable.
3
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Address
Name
Description
2
Partner 100BT HalfDuplex Capability
Partner 10BT Full-Duplex
Capability
Partner 10BT Half-Duplex
Capability
1, link partner 100BT half-duplex capable.
0, link partner not 100BT half-duplex capable.
1, link partner 10BT full-duplex capable.
0, link partner not 10BT full-duplex capable.
1, link partner 10BT half-duplex capable.
0, link partner not 10BT half-duplex capable.
1
0
Mode
Default
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
Mode
Default
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Control 14
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Control 14
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Control 14
Register 79 (0x4F): Port 4 Control 14
Register 95 (0x5F): Port 5 Control 14
Address
Name
Description
7
PHY Loopback
R/W
0
6
Remote Loopback
R/W
0
5
PHY Isolate
R/W
0
4
Soft Reset
R/W
0
3
Force Link
R/W
0
2-1
Reserved
1, perform PHY loopback, i.e. loopback MAC’s Tx back
to Rx.
0, normal operation.
1, perform remote loopback, i.e. loopback PHY’s Rx
back to Tx.
0, normal operation.
1, electrical isolation of PHY from MII and TX+/TX-.
0, normal operation.
1, PHY soft reset.
0, normal operation.
1, force link in the PHY.
0, normal operation.
N/A
RO
0
0
far End fault
1, far end fault status detected.
0, no far end fault status detected.
RO
0
Advanced Control Registers
The IPv4 TOS priority control registers implement a fully decoded 64 bit differentiated services code point (DSCP)
register used to determine priority from the 6 bit TOS field in the IP header. The most significant 6 bits of the TOS
field are fully decoded into 64 possibilities, and the singular code that results is compared against the corresponding
bit in the DSCP register. If the register bit is a 1, the priority is high; if it is a 0, the priority is low.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0
7-0
DSCP[63:56]
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1
7-0
DSCP[55:48]
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2
7-0
DSCP[47:40]
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3
7-0
DSCP[39:32]
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4
7-0
DSCP[31:24]
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Address
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Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5
7-0
DSCP[23:16]
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6
7-0
DSCP[15:8]
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7
7-0
DSCP[7:0]
Registers 104 to 109 define the switching engine’s MAC address. This 48-bit address is used as the source address in MAC pause control frames.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
0x00
R/W
0x10
R/W
0xA1
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0
7-0
MACA[47:40]
Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1
7-0
MACA[39:32]
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2
7-0
MACA[31:24]
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3
7-0
MACA[23:16]
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4
7-0
MACA[15:8]
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5
7-0
MACA[7:0]
Use registers 110 and 111 to read or write data to the static MAC address table, VLAN table, dynamic address table, or the MIB counters.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 110 (0x6E): Indirect Access Control 0
7-5
Reserved
Reserved.
R/W
000
4
Read High Write Low
R/W
0
3-2
Table Select
R/W
0
1-0
Indirect Address High
1, read cycle.
0, write cycle.
00 = static mac address table selected.
01 = VLAN table selected.
10 = dynamic address table selected.
11 = MIB counter selected.
Bit 9-8 of indirect address.
R/W
00
R/W
00000000
Mode
Default
R/W
00000
Register 111 (0x6F): Indirect Access Control 1
7-0
Indirect Address Low
Bit 7-0 of indirect address.
Note:
Write to Register 111 will actually trigger a command. Read or write access will be decided by bit 4 of Register 110.
Address
Name
Description
Register 112 (0x70): Indirect Data Register 8
68-64
Indirect Data
Semptember 2008
Bit 68-64 of indirect data.
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Address
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Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 113 (0x71): Indirect Data Register 7
63-56
Indirect Data
Bit 63-56 of indirect data.
Register 114 (0x72): Indirect Data Register 6
55-48
Indirect Data
Bit 55-48 of indirect data.
Register 115 (0x73): Indirect Data Register 5
47-40
Indirect Data
Bit 47-40 of indirect data.
Register 116 (0x74): Indirect Data Register 4
39-32
Indirect Data
Bit 39-32 of indirect data.
Register 117 (0x75): Indirect Data Register 3
31-24
Indirect Data
Bit of 31-24 of indirect data
Register 118 (0x76): Indirect Data Register 2
23-16
Indirect Data
Bit 23-16 of indirect data.
Register 119 (0x77): Indirect Data Register 1
15-8
Indirect Data
Bit 15-8 of indirect data.
Register 120 (0x78): Indirect Data Register 0
7-0
Indirect Data
Bit 7-0 of indirect data.
Do not write or read to/from Registers 121 to 127. Doing so may prevent proper operation. Micrel internal testing only.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
RO
0x0
RO
0x0
R/W
0x0
R/W
0x0
R/W
0x0
R/W
0x0
RO
0x0
Register 121 (0x79): Digital Testing Status 0
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved. Qm_split status
Register 122 (0x7A): Digital Testing Status 1
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved. Dbg[7:0]
Register 123 (0x7B): Digital Testing Control 0
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved. Dbg[12:8]
Register 124 (0x7C): Digital Testing Control 1
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved.
Register 125 (0x7D): Analog Testing Control 0
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved.
Register 126 (0x7E): Analog Testing Control 1
7-0
Factory Testing
Reserved.
Register 127 (0x7F): Analog Testing Status
7-0
Factory Testing
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Reserved.
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Static MAC Address
KS8995MA/FQ has a static and a dynamic address table. When a DA look-up is requested, both tables will be
searched to make a packet forwarding decision. When an SA look-up is requested, only the dynamic table is
searched for aging, migration, and learning purposes. The static DA look-up result will have precedence over the
dynamic DA look-up result. If there are DA matches in both tables, the result from the static table will be used. The
static table can only be accessed and controlled by an external SPI master (usually a processor). The entries in the
static table will not be aged out by KS8995MA/FQ. An external device does all addition, modification and deletion.
Note:
Register bit assignments are different for static MAC table reads and static MAC table write, as shown in the two tables below.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Filter VLAN ID, representing one of the 16 active
VLANs
1, use (FID+MAC) to look-up in static table.
0, use MAC only to look-up in static table.
Reserved.
RO
0000
RO
0
RO
N/A
1, override spanning tree “transmit enable = 0” or
“receive enable = 0* setting. This bit is used for
spanning tree implementation.
0, no override.
1, this entry is valid, the look-up result will be used.
0, this entry is not valid.
The 5 bits control the forward ports, example:
00001, forward to port 1
00010, forward to port 2
…..
10000, forward to port 5
00110, forward to port 2 and port 3
11111, broadcasting (excluding the ingress port)
48 bit MAC address.
RO
0
RO
0
RO
00000
RO
0x0
W
0000
W
0
W
0
W
0
W
00000
W
0x0
Format of Static MAC Table for Reads (8 entries)
60-57
FID
56
Use FID
55
Reserved
54
Override
53
Valid
52-48
Forwarding Ports
47-0
MAC Address
Format of Static MAC Table for Writes (8 entries)
59-56
FID
55
Use FID
54
Override
53
Valid
52-48
Forwarding Ports
47-0
MAC Address
Filter VLAN ID, representing one of the 16 active
VLANs.
1, use (FID+MAC) to look-up in static table.
0, use MAC only to look-up in static table.
1, override spanning tree “transmit enable = 0” or
“receive enable = 0” setting. This bit is used for
spanning tree implementation.
0, no override.
1, this entry is valid, the look-up result will be used.
0, this entry is not valid.
The 5 bits control the forward ports, example:
00001, forward to port 1
00010, forward to port 2
.....
10000, forward to port 5
00110, forward to port 2 and port 3
11111, broadcasting (excluding the ingress port)
48-bit MAC address.
Table 10. Static MAC Address Table
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Examples:
(1) Static Address Table Read (read the 2nd entry)
Write to Register 110 with 0x10 (read static table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x1 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 113 (60-56)
Read Register 114 (55-48)
Read Register 115 (47-40)
Read Register 116 (39-32)
Read Register 117 (31-24)
Read Register 118 (23-16)
Read Register 119 (15-8)
Read Register 120 (7-0)
(2) Static Address Table Write (write the 8th entry)
Write to Register 110 with 0x10 (read static table selected)
Write Register 113 (59-56)
Write Register 114 (55-48)
Write Register 115 (47-40)
Write Register 116 (39-32)
Write Register 117 (31-24)
Write Register 118 (23-16)
Write Register 119 (15-8)
Write Register 120 (7-0)
Write to Register 110 with 0x00 (write static table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x7 (trigger the write operation)
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VLAN Address
The VLAN table is used for VLAN table look-up. If 802.1q VLAN mode is enabled (Register 5 bit 7 = 1), this table is
used to retrieve VLAN information that is associated with the ingress packet. The information includes FID (filter ID),
VID (VLAN ID), and VLAN membership described below:
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
1
R/W
11111
R/W
0
R/W
1
Format of Static VLAN Table (16 entries)
21
Valid
20-16
Membership
15-12
FID
11-0
VID
1, the entry is valid.
0, entry is invalid.
Specify which ports are members of the VLAN.
If a DA look-up fails (no match in both static and
dynamic tables), the packet associated with this VLAN
will be forwarded to ports specified in this field.
E.g., 11001 means port 5, 4, and 1 are in this VLAN.
Filter ID. KS8995MA/FQ supports 16 active VLANs
represented by these four bit fields. FID is the mapped
ID. If 802.1q VLAN is enabled, the look-up will be
based on FID+DA and FID+SA.
IEEE 802.1q 12 bit VLAN ID.
Table 11. VLAN Table
If 802.1q VLAN mode is enabled, KS8995MA/FQ assigns a VID to every ingress packet. If the packet is untagged or
tagged with a null VID, the packet is assigned with the default port VID of the ingress port. If the packet is tagged with
non-null VID, the VID in the tag is used. The look-up process starts from the VLAN table look-up. If the VID is not
valid, the packet is dropped and no address learning occurs. If the VID is valid, the FID is retrieved. The FID+DA and
FID+SA lookups are performed. The FID+DA look-up determines the forwarding ports. If FID+DA fails, the packet is
broadcast to all the members (excluding the ingress port) of the VLAN. If FID+SA fails, the FID+SA is learned.
Examples:
(1) VLAN Table Read (read the 3rd entry)
Write to Register 110 with 0x14 (read VLAN table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x2 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 118 (VLAN table bits 21-16)
Read Register 119 (VLAN table bits 15-8)
Read Register 120 (VLAN table bits 7-0)
(2) VLAN Table Write (write the 7th entry)
Write to Register 118 (VLAN table bits 21-16)
Write to Register 119 (VLAN table bits 15-8)
Write to Register 120 (VLAN table bits 7-0)
Write to Register 110 with 0x04 (write VLAN table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x6 (trigger the write operation)
Note:
The sequence of the writing entries should start from entry 0. Improper sequence of the VLAN enties could cause the VLAN to be non-functional.
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Dynamic MAC Address
This table is read only. The contents are maintained by the KS8995MA/FQ only.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
1, there is no valid entry in the table.
0, there are valid entries in the table.
Indicates how many valid entries in the table.
0x3ff means 1K entries
0x1 means 2 entries
0x0 and bit 68 = 0: means 1 entry
0x0 and bit 68 = 1: means 0 entry
2-bit counters for internal aging
RO
1
RO
0
RO
Format of Dynamic MAC Address Table (1K entries)
68
MAC Empty
67-58
No of Valid Entries
57-56
Time Stamp
55
Data Ready
54-52
Source Port
51-48
FID
1, The entry is not ready, retry until this bit is set to 0.
0, The entry is ready.
The source port where FID+MAC is learned.
000 port 1
001 port 2
010 port 3
011 port 4
100 port 5
Filter ID.
47-0
MAC Address
48-bit MAC address.
RO
RO
0x0
RO
0x0
RO
0x0
Table 12. Dynamic MAC Address Table
Examples:
(1) Dynamic MAC Address Table Read (read the 1st entry), and retrieve the MAC table size
Write to Register 110 with 0x18 (read dynamic table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x0 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 112 (68-64)
Read Register 113 (63-56); // the above two registers show # of entries
Read Register 114 (55-48) // if bit 55 is 1, restart (reread) from this register
Read Register 115 (47-40)
Read Register 116 (39-32)
Read Register 117 (31-24)
Read Register 118 (23-16)
Read Register 119 (15-8)
Read Register 120 (7-0)
(2) Dynamic MAC Address Table Read (read the 257th entry), without retrieving # of entries information
Write to Register 110 with 0x19 (read dynamic table selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x1 (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 114 (55-48) // if bit 55 is 1, restart (reread) from this register
Read Register 115 (47-40)
Read Register 116 (39-32)
Read Register 117 (31-24)
Read Register 118 (23-16)
Read Register 119 (15-8)
Read Register 120 (7-0)
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MIB Counters
The MIB counters are provided on per port basis. The indirect memory is as below:
For Port 1
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x0
RxLoPriorityByte
Rx lo-priority (default) octet count including bad packets.
0x1
RxHiPriorityByte
Rx hi-priority octet count including bad packets.
0x2
RxUndersizePkt
Rx undersize packets w/good CRC.
0x3
RxFragments
Rx fragment packets w/bad CRC, symbol errors or alignment errors.
0x4
RxOversize
Rx oversize packets w/good CRC (max: 1536 or 1522 bytes).
0x5
RxJabbers
0x6
RxSymbolError
Rx packets longer than 1522B w/either CRC errors, alignment errors, or symbol errors (depends
on max packet size setting) or Rx packets longer than 1916B only.
Rx packets w/ invalid data symbol and legal preamble, packet size.
0x7
RxCRCerror
0x8
RxAlignmentError
0x9
RxControl8808Pkts
0xA
RxPausePkts
0xB
RxBroadcast
0xC
RxMulticast
0xD
RxUnicast
Rx good multicast packets (not including MAC control frames, errored multicast packets or valid
broadcast packets).
Rx good unicast packets.
0xE
Rx64Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that were 64 octets in length.
0xF
Rx65to127Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 65 and 127 octets in length.
0x10
Rx128to255Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 128 and 255 octets in length.
0x11
Rx256to511Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 256 and 511 octets in length.
0x12
Rx512to1023Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 512 and 1023 octets in length.
0x13
Rx1024to1522Octets
0x14
TxLoPriorityByte
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 1024 and 1522 octets in length (upper
limit depends on max packet size setting).
Tx lo-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets.
0x15
TxHiPriorityByte
Tx hi-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets.
0x16
TxLateCollision
The number of times a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the Tx of a packet.
0x17
TxPausePkts
The number of PAUSE frames transmitted by a port.
0x18
TxBroadcastPkts
Tx good broadcast packets (not including errored broadcast or valid multicast packets).
0x19
TxMulticastPkts
Tx good multicast packets (not including errored multicast packets or valid broadcast packets).
0x1A
TxUnicastPkts
Tx good unicast packets.
0x1B
TxDeferred
Tx packets by a port for which the 1st Tx attempt is delayed due to the busy medium.
0x1C
TxTotalCollision
Tx total collision, half-duplex only.
0x1D
TxExcessiveCollision
A count of frames for which Tx fails due to excessive collisions.
0x1E
TxSingleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by exactly one collision.
0x1F
TxMultipleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by more than one collision.
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/an integral number of bytes and a bad CRC (upper limit
depends on max packet size setting).
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/a non-integral number of bytes and a bad CRC (upper limit
depends on max packet size setting).
The number of MAC control frames received by a port with 88-08h in EtherType field.
The number of PAUSE frames received by a port. PAUSE frame is qualified with EtherType (8808h), DA, control opcode (00-01), data length (64B min), and a valid CRC.
Rx good broadcast packets (not including errored broadcast packets or valid multicast packets).
Table 13. Port-1 MIB Counter Indirect Memory Offsets
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For port 2, the base is 0x20, same offset definition (0x20-0x3f)
For port 3, the base is 0x40, same offset definition (0x40-0x5f)
For port 4, the base is 0x60, same offset definition (0x60-0x7f)
For port 5, the base is 0x80, same offset definition (0x80-0x9f)
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
Mode
Default
Format of Per Port MIB Counters (16 entries)
31
Overflow
30
Count Valid
29-0
Counter Values
1, Counter overflow.
0, No Counter overflow.
1, Counter value is valid.
0, Counter value is not valid.
Counter value.
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x100
Port1 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x101
Port2 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x102
Port3 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x103
Port4 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x104
Port5 Tx Drop Packets
Tx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x105
Port1 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x106
Port2 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x107
Port3 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x108
Port4 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
0x109
Port5 Rx Drop Packets
Rx packets dropped due to lack of resources.
Table 14. All Port Dropped Packet MIB Counters
Address
Name
Description
Format of All Port Dropped Packet MIB Counters
30-16
Reserved
Reserved.
N/A
N/A
15-0
Counter Values
Counter value.
RO
0
Note:
All port dropped packet MIB counters do not indicate overflow or validity; therefore the application must keep track of overflow and valid
conditions.
Examples:
(1) MIB counter read (read port 1 rx 64 counter)
Write to Register 110 with 0x1c (read MIB counters selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0xe (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 117 (counter value 31-24)
// If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow
// If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register
Read Register 118 (counter value 23-16)
Read Register 119 (counter value 15-8)
Read Register 120 (counter value 7-0)
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(2) MIB counter read (read port 2 rx 64 counter)
Write to Register 110 with 0x1c (read MIB counter selected)
Write to Register 111 with 0x2e (trigger the read operation)
Then
Read Register 117 (counter value 31-24)
//If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow
//If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register
Read Register 118 (counter value 23-16)
Read Register 119 (counter value 15-8)
Read Register 120 (counter value 7-0)
(3) MIB counter read (read port 1 tx drop packets)
Write to Register 110 with 0x1d
Write to Register 111 with 0x00
Then
Read Register 119 (counter value 15-8)
Read Register 120 (counter value 7-0)
Note:
To read out all the counters, the best performance over the SPI bus is (160+3) × 8 × 200 = 260ms, where there are 160 registers, 3 overhead, 8
clocks per access, at 5MHz. In the heaviest condition, the byte counter will overflow in 2 minutes. It is recommended that the software read all the
counters at least every 30 seconds. The per port MIB counters are designed as “read clear.” A per port MIB counter will be cleared after it is
accessed. All port dropped packet MIB counters are not cleared after they are accessed. The application needs to keep track of overflow and valid
conditions on these counters.
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MIIM Registers
All the registers defined in this section can be also accessed via the SPI interface. Note: different mapping
mechanisms used for MIIM and SPI. The “PHYAD” defined in IEEE is assigned as “0x1” for port 1, “0x2” for port 2,
“0x3” for port 3, “0x4” for port 4, and “0x5” for port 5. The “REGAD” supported are 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
0
W
0
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
RO
0
Register 0: MII Control
15
Soft Reset
1, PHY soft reset.
0, Normal operation.
1, Loop back mode (loopback at MAC).
0, Normal operation.
1, 100Mbps.
0, 10Mbps.
1, Auto-negotiation enabled.
0, Auto-negotiation disabled.
1, Power down.
0, Normal operation.
1, Electrical PHY isolation of PHY from Tx+/Tx-.
0, Normal operation.
1, Restart Auto-negotiation.
0, Normal operation.
1, Full duplex.
0, Half duplex.
Not supported.
14
Loop Back
13
Force 100
12
AN Enable
11
Power Down
10
PHY Isolate
9
Restart AN
8
Force Full Duplex
7
Collision Test
6
Reserved
RO
0
5
Reserved
RO
0
4
Force MDI
R/W
0
3
Disable Auto MDI/MDI-X
R/W
0
2
Disable far End fault
R/W
0
1
Disable Transmit
R/W
0
0
Disable LED
1, Force MDI.
0, Normal operation.
1, Disable auto MDI/MDI-X.
0, Normal operation.
1, Disable far end fault detection.
0, Normal operation.
1, Disable transmit.
0, Normal operation.
1, Disable LED.
0, Normal operation.
R/W
0
Register 1: MII Status
15
T4 Capable
0, Not 100 BASET4 capable.
RO
0
14
100 Full Capable
RO
1
13
100 Half Capable
RO
1
12
10 Full Capable
RO
1
11
10 Half Capable
1, 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
0, Not capable of 100BASE-TX full-duplex.
1, 100BASE-TX half-duplex capable.
0, Not 100BASE-TX half-duplex capable.
1, 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
0, Not 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
1, 10BASE-T half-duplex capable.
0, 10BASE-T half-duplex capable.
RO
1
10-7
Reserved
RO
0
6
Preamble Suppressed
Not supported.
RO
0
5
AN Complete
RO
0
4
far End fault
1, Auto-negotiation complete.
0, Auto-negotiation not completed.
1, far end fault detected.
0, No far end fault detected.
RO
0
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Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
3
AN Capable
RO
1
RO
0
Jabber Test
1, Auto-negotiation capable.
0, Not auto-negotiation capable.
1, Link is up.
0, Link is down.
Not supported.
2
Link Status
1
RO
0
0
Extended Capable
0, Not extended register capable.
RO
0
High order PHYID bits.
RO
0x0022
Low order PHYID bits.
RO
0x1450
Not supported.
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
1, Advertise 100 full-duplex ability.
0, Do not advertise 100 full-duplex ability.
1, Advertise 100 half-duplex ability.
0, Do not advertise 100 half-duplex ability.
1, Advertise 10 full-duplex ability.
0, Do not advertise 10 full-duplex ability.
1, Advertise 10 half-duplex ability.
0, Do not advertise 10 half-duplex ability.
802.3
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
1
R/W
1
RO
00001
Register 2: PHYID HIGH
15-0
Phyid High
Register 3: PHYID LOW
15-0
Phyid Low
Register 4: Advertisement Ability
15
Next Page
14
Reserved
13
Remote fault
12-11
Reserved
10
Pause
9
Reserved
8
Adv 100 Full
7
Adv 100 Half
6
Adv 10 Full
5
Adv 10 Half
4-0
Selector Field
Not supported.
1, Advertise pause ability.
0, Do not advertise pause ability.
Register 5: Link Partner Ability
15
Next Page
Not supported.
RO
0
14
LP ACK
Not supported.
RO
0
13
Remote fault
Not supported.
RO
0
12-11
Reserved
RO
0
10
Pause
RO
0
9
Reserved
RO
0
8
Adv 100 Full
Link partner 100 full capability.
RO
0
7
Adv 100 Half
Link partner 100 half capability.
RO
0
6
Adv 10 Full
Link partner 10 full capability.
RO
0
5
Adv 10 Half
Link partner 10 half capability.
RO
0
4-0
Reserved
RO
00001
Semptember 2008
Link partner pause capability.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC) .......................–0.5V to +2.4V
(VDDAT, VDDIO) .................................–0.5V to +4.0V
Input Voltage ........................................–0.5V to +4.0V
Output Voltage .....................................–0.5V to +4.0V
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec.) ..............270°C
Storage Temperature (TS) ................ –55°C to +150°C
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC)....................... +1.7V to +1.9V
(VDDAT) ..........+3.15V to +3.45V or +2.4V to +2.6V
(VDDIO) ........................................ +3.15V to +3.45V
Ambient Temperature (TA)
Commercial .................................... –0°C to +70°C
Industrial ....................................... –40°C to +85°C
Package Thermal Resistance(3)
PQFP (θJA) No Air Flow........................42.91°C/W
PQFP (θJC) No Air Flow ..........................19.6°C/W
Electrical Characteristics(4, 5)
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
100BASE-TX Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
100BASE-TX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
20
28
mA
IDDC
100BASE-TX (Digital Core/PLL+ Analog Rx)
VDDC, VDDAP, VDDAR
157
230
mA
IDDIO
100BASE-TX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
30
mA
10BASE-T Operation —All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
10BASE-T (Transmitter)
VDDAT
15
25
mA
IDDC
10BASE-T (Digital Core + Analog Rx)
VDDC, VDDAP
102
180
mA
IDDIO
10BASE-T (Digital IO)
VDDIO
6
15
mA
Auto-Negotiation Mode
IDX
10BASE-T (Transmitter)
VDDAT
25
40
mA
IDDC
10BASE-T (Digital Core + Analog Rx)
VDDC, VDDAP
108
180
mA
IDDIO
10BASE-T (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
20
mA
TTL Inputs
VIH
Input High Voltage
VIL
Input Low Voltage
IIN
Input Current (Excluding Pull-up/Pull-down)
+2.0
VIN = GND ~ VDDIO
–10
IOH = –8mA
+2.4
V
+0.8
V
10
µA
TTL Outputs
VOH
Output High Voltage
VOL
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 8mA
IOZ
Output Tri-State Leakage
VIN = GND ~ VDDIO
100BASE-TX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
100Ω termination on the
VO
Peak Differential Output Voltage
differential output
100Ω termination on the
VIMB
Output Voltage Imbalance
differential output
Rise/fall Time
tr tt
Rise/fall Time Imbalance
V
0.95
3
0
Duty Cycle Distortion
Overshoot
VSET
Reference Voltage of ISET
Output Jitters
Semptember 2008
+0.4
V
10
µA
1.05
V
2
%
5
ns
0.5
ns
±0.5
ns
5
%
0.5
Peak-to-peak
67
0.7
V
1.4
ns
M9999-091508
Micrel, Inc.
Symbol
KS8995MA/FQ
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
10BASE-T Receive
VSQ
Squelch Threshold
5MHz square wave
10BASE-T Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) VDDAT = 2.5V
100Ω termination on the
VP
Peak Differential Output Voltage
differential output
100Ω termination on the
Jitters Added
differential output
Rise/fall Times
400
mV
2.3
V
28
16
ns
30
ns
Notes:
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level
(ground to VDD).
3. No heat spreader in package. The thermal junction to ambient (θJA) and the thermal junction to case (θJC) are under air velocity 0m/s.
4. Specification for packaged product only. A single port’s transformer consumes an additional about 40mA for 100Base-TX and 59mA for 10BeseT.
5. Measurements were taken with operating ratings.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Timing Diagrams
ts1
tcyc1
th1
Receive Timing
SCL
SDA
Figure 13. EEPROM Interface Input Receive Timing Diagram
tcyc1
Transmit Timing
SCL
tov1
SDA
Figure 14. EEPROM Interface Output Transmit Timing Diagram
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC1
Clock Cycle
tS1
Set-Up Time
20
ns
tH1
Hold Time
20
ns
tOV1
Output Valid
16384
4096
4112
Units
ns
4128
ns
Table 14. EEPROM Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Receive Timing
ts2
tcyc2
th2
MTXC
MTXEN
MTXD[0]
Figure 15. SNI Input Timing
tcyc2
Transmit Timing
MRXC
tov2
MRXDV
MCOL
MRXD[0]
Figure 16. SNI Output Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC2
Clock Cycle
tS2
Set-Up Time
10
ns
tH2
Hold Time
0
ns
tO2
Output Valid
0
100
3
Units
ns
6
ns
Table 15. SNI Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Figure 17. MII Received Timing – For 100BASE-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tP
RXC Period
tWL
RXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tWH
RXC Pulse Width
20
ns
tSU
RXD [3:0], RXDV Set-up to Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tHD
RXD [3:0], RXDV Hold from Rising Edge of RXC
20
ns
tRLAT
CRS to RXD Latency, 4B or 5B Aligned
60
ns
tod
RXD [3:0], RXDV Output Delay from Rising Edge of RCX
40
18
25
Units
ns
28
ns
Table 16. MII Received Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Figure 18. MII Transmitted Timing – For 100BASE-T
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSU1
TXD [3:0] Set-up to TXC High
10
ns
tSU2
TXEN Set-up to TXC High
10
ns
tHD1
TXD [3:0] Hold after TXC High
0
ns
tHD2
TXER Hold after TXC High
0
ns
tCRS1
TXEN High to CRS Asserted Latency
40
ns
tCRS2
TXEN Low to CRS De-Asserted Latency
40
ns
Table 17. MII Transmitted Timing Parameters
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KS8995MA/FQ
tSHSL
SPIS_N
tSLCH
tCHSL
tCHSH
tSHCH
SPIC
tCHCL
tDVCH
tCHDX
SPID
tCLCH
MSB
LSB
tDLDH
tDHDL
SPIQ
High Impedance
Figure 19. SPI Input Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
fC
Clock Frequency
5
MHz
tCHSL
SPIS_N Inactive Hold Time
90
ns
tSLCH
SPIS_N Active Set-Up Time
90
ns
tCHSH
SPIS_N Active Hold Time
90
ns
tSHCH
SPIS_N Inactive Set-Up Time
90
ns
tSHSL
SPIS_N Deselect Time
100
ns
tDVCH
Data Input Set-Up Time
20
ns
tCHDX
Data Input Hold Time
30
ns
tCLCH
Clock Rise Time
1
µs
tCHCL
Clock fall Time
1
µs
tDLDH
Data Input Rise Time
1
µs
tDHDL
Data Input fall Time
1
µs
Table 18. SPI Input Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
SPIS_N
tCH
SPIC
tCL
tCLQV
tSHQZ
tCLQX
LSB
SPIQ
tQLQH
tQHQL
SPID
Figure 20. SPI Output Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
fC
Clock Frequency
tCLQX
SPIQ Hold Time
tCLQV
Clock Low to SPIQ Valid
tCH
Clock High Time
90
ns
tCL
Clock Low Time
90
ns
tQLQH
SPIQ Rise Time
50
ns
tQHQL
SPIQ fall Time
50
ns
tSHQZ
SPIQ Disable Time
100
ns
0
Typ
Max
Units
5
MHz
0
ns
60
ns
Table 19. SPI Output Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Supply
Voltage
tsr
RST_N
tcs
tch
Strap-In
Value
trc
Strap-In /
Output Pin
Figure 21. Reset Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSR
Stable Supply Voltages to Reset High
10
ms
tCS
Configuration Set-Up Time
50
ns
tCH
Configuration Hold Time
50
ns
tRC
Reset to Strap-In Pin Output
50
ns
Table 20. Reset Timing Parameters
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
Reset Circuit Diagram
Micrel recommends the following discrete reset circuit as shown in Figure 22 when powering up the KS8895MA device.
For the application where the reset circuit signal comes from another device (e.g., CPU, FPGA, etc), we recommend
the reset circuit as shown in Figure 23.
VCC
D1: 1N4148
R
10k
D1
KS8995MA
RST
C
10µF
Figure 22. Recommended Reset Circuit
VCC
R
10k
D1
KS8995MA
CPU/FPGA
RST
RST_OUT_n
D2
C
10µF
D1, D2: 1N4148
Figure 23. Recommended Circuit for Interfacing with CPU/FPGA Reset
At power-on-reset, R, C, and D1 provide the necessary ramp rise time to reset the Micrel device. The reset out from
CPU/FPGA provides warm reset after power up. It is also recommended to power up the VDD core voltage earlier than
VDDIO voltage. At worst case, the both VDD core and VDDIO voltages should come up at the same time.
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KS8995MA/FQ
Selection of Isolation Transformer(1)
One simple 1:1 isolation transformer is needed at the line interface. An isolation transformer with integrated commonmode choke is recommended for exceeding FCC requirements. The following table gives recommended transformer
characteristics.
Characteristics Name
Value
Test Condition
Turns Ratio
1 CT : 1 CT
Open-Circuit Inductance (min.)
350µH
100mV, 100kHz, 8mA
Leakage Inductance (max.)
0.4µH
1MHz (min.)
Inter-Winding Capacitance (max.)
12pF
D.C. Resistance (max.)
0.9Ω
Insertion Loss (max.)
1.0dB
HIPOT (min.)
1500Vrms
0MHz to 65MHz
Note:
1. The IEEE 802.3u standard for 100BASE-TX assumes a transformer loss of 0.5dB. For the transmit line transformer, insertion loss of up to 1.3dB
can be compensated by increasing the line drive current by means of reducing the ISET resistor value.
The following transformer vendors provide compatible magnetic parts for Micrel’s device:
4-Port Integrated
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number
of Ports
Single Port
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number of
Ports
Pulse
H1164
Yes
4
Pulse
H1102
Yes
1
Bel Fuse
558-5999-Q9
Yes
4
Bel Fuse
S558-5999-U7
Yes
1
YCL
PH406466
Yes
4
YCL
PT163020
Yes
1
Transpower
HB826-2
Yes
4
Transpower
HB726
Yes
1
Delta
LF8731
Yes
4
Delta
LF8505
Yes
1
LanKom
SQ-H48W
Yes
4
LanKom
LF-H41S
Yes
1
Table 21. Qualified Magnetics Vendors
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KS8995MA/FQ
Package Information
Pin #
128-Pin PQFP (PQ)
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Micrel, Inc.
KS8995MA/FQ
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 faX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for
its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a
product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for
surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant
injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk
and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2008 Micrel, Incorporated.
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