MICREL KSZ8995X

KS8995X
Micrel
KS8995X
Integrated 5-Port 10/100 QoS Switch
Rev. 1.13
General Description
Features
The KS8995X is a highly integrated Layer-2 QoS (Quality of
Service) switch with optimized BOM (Bill of Materials) cost for
low port count, cost-sensitive 10/100Mbps switch systems. It
also provides an extensive feature set including three different QoS priority schemes, a dual MII interface for BOM cost
reduction, rate limiting to offload CPU tasks, software and
hardware power-down, a MDC/MDIO control interface and
port mirroring/monitoring to effectively address both current
and emerging Fast Ethernet applications.
The KS8995X contains five 10/100 transceivers with patented mixed-signal low-power technology, five MAC (Media
Access Control) units, a high-speed non-blocking switch
fabric, a dedicated address lookup engine, and an on-chip
frame buffer memory.
All PHY units support 10BaseT and 100BaseTX. In addition,
two of the PHY units support 100BaseFX (Ports 4 and 5).
All support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site
at www.micrel.com.
• Integrated switch with five MACs and five Fast Ethernet
transceivers fully compliant to IEEE 802.3u standard
• Shared memory based switch fabric with fully nonblocking configuration
• 10BaseT, 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX modes (FX in
Ports 4 and 5)
• Dual MII configuration: MII-Switch (MAC or PHY mode
MII) and MII-P5 (PHY mode MII)
• VLAN ID tag/untag options, per-port basis
• Enable/disable option for huge frame size up to 1916
bytes per frame
• Broadcast storm protection with percent control – global
and per-port basis
• Optimization for fiber-to-copper media conversion
• Full-chip hardware power-down support (register
configuration not saved)
• Per-port-based software power-save on PHY (idle link
detection, register configuration preserved)
• QoS/CoS packets prioritization supports: per port,
802.1p and DiffServ based
Functional Diagram
10/100
T/Tx 1
10/100
MAC 1
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 2
10/100
MAC 2
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx 3
10/100
MAC 3
Auto
MDI/MDIX
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 4
10/100
MAC 4
Auto
MDI/MDIX
MII-P5
MDC, MDI/O
MII-SW or SNI
10/100
T/Tx/Fx 5
10/100
MAC 5
LED0[5:1]
LED1[5:1]
LED2[5:1]
SNI
LED I/F
Control
Registers
1K look-up
Engine
FIFO, Flow Control, VLAN Tagging, Priority
Auto
MDI/MDIX
Queue
Mgmnt
Buffer
Mgmnt
Frame
Buffers
EEPROM
I/F
Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com
December 2003
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Micrel
Features (continued)
Applications
• 802.1p/q tag insertion or removal on a per-port basis
(egress)
• Port-based VLAN support
• MDC and MDI/O interface support to access the MII
PHY control registers (not all control registers)
• MII local loopback support
• On-chip 64Kbyte memory for frame buffering (not
shared with 1K unicast address table)
• 1.4Gbps high-performance memory bandwidth
• Wire-speed reception and transmission
• Integrated look-up engine with dedicated 1K unicast
MAC addresses
• Automatic address learning, address aging and address
migration
• Full-duplex IEEE 802.3x and half-duplex back pressure
flow control
• Comprehensive LED support
• 7-wire SNI support for legacy MAC interface
• Automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover for plug-and-play
• Disable automatic MDI/MDIX option
• Low power
Core: 1.8V
I/O: 2.5 or 3.3V
• 0.18µm CMOS technology
• Commercial temperature range: 0°C to +70°C
• Available in 128-pin PQFP package
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
M9999-120403
Broadband gateway/firewall/VPN
Integrated DSL or cable modem multi-port router
Wireless LAN access point plus gateway
Home networking expansion
Standalone 10/100 switch
Hotel/campus/MxU gateway
Enterprise VoIP gateway/phone
FTTx customer premise equipment
Media converter
Ordering Information
Part Number Temperature Range Package
2
KS8995X
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP
KSZ8995X
0°C to +70°C
128-Pin PQFP Lead Free
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Revision History
Revision
Date
Summary of Changes
1.08
4/01/02
Created.
1.09
5/20/02
Changed MII setting descriptions. Changed pu/pd descriptions for SMRXD2.
Changed pu/pd description for forced flow control.
Edited large packet sizes back in, also in “Register 4.”
Added in typical supply current numbers for 100BaseTX and 10BaseTX operation.
Added in note for illegal half-duplex, force flow control.
Added extra X1 clock input description.
Updated to chip only current numbers.
“Register 4” and “Pin Description” PMRXER correction.
1.10
10/9/02
Changed SMRXC and SMTXC to I/O. Input in MAC mode, output in PHY mode MII. Changed polarity of
TXP and TXM pins. “Electrical Characteristics” modified current consumption to chip only numbers.
Added description for no dropped packets in half duplex mode. Added recommended operating
conditions. Added Idle mode current consumption. Added “Selection of Isolation Transformers.”
Added 3.01kΩ resistor instructions for ISET “Pin Description.” Changed Polarity of transmit pairs in
“Pin Description.” Changed description for register 2, bit 1, in “Register Description.”
Added “Reset Tming.” Added “QoS Description.” “Register 3” changed 802.1x to 802.3x. “Register 6”
changed default column to disable flow control for pull-down, and enable flow control for pull up.
“Register 29” and “MIIM Register 0” indicate loop back is at the PHY
1.11
10/24/02
Removed caption under table in “Register 18.” Changed definition of MDI/MDIX in “Register 29,”
“Register 30,” “MIIM Register 0.”
1.12
5/20/03
Refer to 8995XA data sheet.
1.13
8/29/03
Convert to new format.
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Table of Contents
System Level Applications .............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Pin Description (by Number) ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
Pin Description (by Name) ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
Pin Configuration ........................................................................................................................................................................... 18
Introduction
............................................................................................................................................................................ 19
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver ..................................................................................................................... 19
100BaseTX Transmit ............................................................................................................................................................... 19
100BaseTX Receive ................................................................................................................................................................ 19
PLL Clock Synthesizer ............................................................................................................................................................ 19
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BaseTX only) ............................................................................................................................ 19
100BaseFX Operation ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
100BaseFX Signal Detection ................................................................................................................................................... 20
100BaseFX Far End Fault ....................................................................................................................................................... 20
10BaseT Transmit ................................................................................................................................................................... 20
10BaseT Receive .................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Power Management ................................................................................................................................................................ 20
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover ..................................................................................................................................................... 20
Auto-Negotiation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Functional Overview: Switch Core ............................................................................................................................................... 21
Address Look Up ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Learning
............................................................................................................................................................................ 21
Migration
............................................................................................................................................................................ 21
Aging
............................................................................................................................................................................ 21
Switching Engine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21
MAC (Media Access Controller) Operation ............................................................................................................................. 22
Inter-Packet Gap ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
Backoff Algorithm ............................................................................................................................................................ 22
Late Collision .................................................................................................................................................................. 22
Illegal Frame ................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Flow Control .................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Half-Duplex Back Pressure ............................................................................................................................................. 22
Broadcast Storm Protection ............................................................................................................................................ 23
MII Interface Operation .................................................................................................................................................................. 23
SNI Interface Operation ................................................................................................................................................................. 25
Advanced Functionality ................................................................................................................................................................. 25
QoS Support ............................................................................................................................................................................ 25
Rate Limit Support ................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Configuration Interface ............................................................................................................................................................ 28
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration ............................................................................................................................... 28
MII Management Interface (MIIM) .................................................................................................................................................. 28
Register Map
............................................................................................................................................................................ 29
Global Registers ...................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0 ............................................................................................................................................ 29
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1/Start Switch ....................................................................................................................... 29
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 ................................................................................................................................ 29
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1 ................................................................................................................................ 30
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 ................................................................................................................................ 31
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 ................................................................................................................................ 31
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 ................................................................................................................................ 32
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5 ................................................................................................................................ 32
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Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6 ................................................................................................................................ 32
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7 ................................................................................................................................ 32
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8 ............................................................................................................................. 32
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9 ............................................................................................................................. 33
Port Registers .......................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 .............................................................................................................................. 33
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 .............................................................................................................................. 34
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 .............................................................................................................................. 34
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 .............................................................................................................................. 35
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 .............................................................................................................................. 35
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 .............................................................................................................................. 35
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 .............................................................................................................................. 35
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 .............................................................................................................................. 36
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 .............................................................................................................................. 36
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 .............................................................................................................................. 36
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10 ............................................................................................................................ 36
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11 ............................................................................................................................ 37
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12 ............................................................................................................................ 37
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13 ............................................................................................................................ 38
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 ............................................................................................................................... 39
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 ................................................................................................................................ 39
Advanced Control Registers .................................................................................................................................................... 39
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0 ...................................................................................................... 39
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1 ...................................................................................................... 39
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2 ...................................................................................................... 39
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3 ...................................................................................................... 39
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4 .................................................................................................... 39
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5 .................................................................................................... 39
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6 .................................................................................................... 40
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7 .................................................................................................... 40
Register 104 (0x68): MAC Address Register 0 .............................................................................................................. 40
Register 105 (0x69): MAC Address Register 1 .............................................................................................................. 40
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC Address Register 2 .............................................................................................................. 40
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC Address Register 3 .............................................................................................................. 40
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC Address Register 4 ............................................................................................................. 40
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC Address Register 5 ............................................................................................................. 40
MIIM Registers ........................................................................................................................................................................ 40
Register 0: MII Control ................................................................................................................................................... 40
Register 1: MII Status .................................................................................................................................................... 41
Register 2: PHYID HIGH ................................................................................................................................................ 41
Register 3: PHYID LOW ................................................................................................................................................ 41
Register 4: Advertisement Ability ................................................................................................................................... 41
Register 5: Link Partner Ability ....................................................................................................................................... 42
Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................................................................................................................... 43
Operating Ratings .......................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Electrical Characteristics .............................................................................................................................................................. 43
Timing Diagrams ............................................................................................................................................................................ 45
Selection of Isolation Transformers ............................................................................................................................................. 50
Package Information ...................................................................................................................................................................... 51
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
System Level Applications
Ethernet
MAC
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/10
PHY 5
EEPROM
I/F
MII-SW
4-port
LAN
1-port
WAN I/F
EEPROM
MII-P5
KS8995X
CPU
Ethernet
MAC
External WAN port PHY not needed
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
Figure 1. Broadband Gateway
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
WAN PHY & AFE
(XDSL, CM...)
EEPROM
I/F
MII-SW
CPU
4-port
LAN
EEPROM
MII-P5
KS8995X
Ethernet
MAC
Figure 2. Integrated Broadband Router
M9999-120403
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December 2003
Micrel
Switch Controller
On-Chip Frame Buffers
KS8995X
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 3
10/100
PHY 3
10/100
MAC 4
10/100
PHY 4
10/100
MAC 5
10/100
PHY 5
EEPROM
I/F
5-port
LAN
EEPROM
KS8995X
Figure 3. Standalone Switch
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M9999-120403
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Micrel
Pin Description (by Number)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
1
TEST1
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
2
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
3
VDDAR
P
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential)
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal - (differential)
6
GNDA
Gnd
7
TXM1
O
1
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
8
TXP1
O
1
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
9
VDDAT
P
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential)
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal - (differential)
12
GNDA
Gnd
13
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
14
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
15
VDDAR
P
16
GNDA
Gnd
17
ISET
18
VDDAT
P
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential)
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal - (differential)
21
GNDA
Gnd
22
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
23
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
24
VDDAT
P
25
RXP4
I
4
Physical receive signal + (differential)
26
RXM4
I
4
Physical receive signal - (differential)
27
GNDA
Gnd
28
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
29
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
30
GNDA
Gnd
Port
Pin Function
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
Set physical transmit output current. Pull-down with a 3.01kΩ 1%
resistor.
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
Analog ground
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
M9999-120403
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Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
31
VDDAR
P
32
RXP5
I
5
Physical receive signal + (differential)
33
RXM5
I
5
Physical receive signal - (differential)
34
GNDA
Gnd
35
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
36
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
37
VDDAT
P
38
FXSD5
I
5
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin
39
FXSD4
I
4
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin
40
GNDA
Gnd
41
VDDAR
P
42
GNDA
Gnd
43
VDDAR
P
44
GNDA
Gnd
45
NC / MUX1
I
No connect. Factory test pin.
46
NC / MUX2
I
No connect. Factory test pin.
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
48
RESERVE/NC
49
GNDD
Gnd
50
VDDC
P
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII.
58
GNDD
Gnd
59
VDDIO
P
60
PMRXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII.
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow
control; PU = disable flow control.
Port
Pin Function
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
2.5V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Analog ground
Full-chip power down. Active low.
Reserved pin. No connect.
Digital ground
1.8V digital core VDD
Digital ground
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable
aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for
performance enhancement.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = packet size
1518/1522 bytes; PU = 1536 bytes.
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/force duplex mode. See “Register 28.”
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII collision detect/force flow control. See “Register 18.”
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. PHY or MAC mode MII.
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
77
VDDIO
P
78
SMRXC
I/O
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data valid
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII
full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
full-duplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: see “Register 11[1].”
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
Switch MII collision detect
85
SCRS
Ipd/O
Switch mode carrier sense
Pin Function
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry.
Switch MII receive clock. PHY or MAC mode MII.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Port
Pin Function
Dual MII configuration pin.
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin.
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
89
VDDC
P
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 2. Aging setup. See “Aging” section.
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F
PD: tristate all PHY MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.”
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 0
99
GNDD
Gnd
100
VDDIO
P
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock.
108
MDIO
Ipu/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
1.8V digital core VDD
Digital ground
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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Type(1)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Port
Pin Function
109
Reserved
110
SCL
111
SDA
112
Reserved
113
PS1
Ipd
No connect or pull-down.
114
PS0
Ipd
No connect or pull-down.
115
RST_N
Ipu
Reset the KS8995X. Active low.
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
117
VDDC
P
118
TESTEN
Ipd
Factory test pin.
119
SCANEN
Ipd
Factory test pin.
120
NC
NC
No connection
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection.
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL
124
GNDA
Gnd
125
VDDAR
P
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
128
TEST2
All
No connect
I/O
All
Output clock at 81KHz in I2C master mode.
I/O
All
Serial data input/output in I2C master mode.
All
No connect
1.8V digital core VDD
Analog ground
1.8V analog VDD
Factory test pin
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Description (by Name)
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
39
FXSD4
I
4
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin.
38
FXSD5
I
5
Fiber signal detect/factory test pin.
2
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
6
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
12
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
16
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
21
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
27
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
30
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
34
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
40
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
42
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
44
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
120
NC
NC
No connection
124
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
126
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
127
GNDA
Gnd
Analog ground
49
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
58
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
76
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
88
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
99
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
116
GNDD
Gnd
Digital ground
17
ISET
106
LED1-0
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 0
105
LED1-1
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 1
104
LED1-2
Ipu/O
1
LED indicator 2
103
LED2-0
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 0
102
LED2-1
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 1
101
LED2-2
Ipu/O
2
LED indicator 2
98
LED3-0
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 0
Pin Function
Set physical transmit output current. Pull down with a 3.01kΩ 1%
resistor.
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
December 2003
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
97
LED3-1
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 1
96
LED3-2
Ipu/O
3
LED indicator 2
95
LED4-0
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 0
94
LED4-1
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 1
93
LED4-2
Ipu/O
4
LED indicator 2
92
LED5-0
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 0
91
LED5-1
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 1. Strap option: PU (default): enable PHY MII I/F. PD:
tristate all PHY MII output. See “pin# 86 SCONF1.”
90
LED5-2
Ipu/O
5
LED indicator 2. Aging setup. See “Aging” section.
107
MDC
Ipu
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data clock.
108
MDIO
Ipu/O
All
Switch or PHY[5] MII management data I/O.
45
NC / MUX1
I
No connect. Factory test pin.
46
NC / MUX2
I
No connect. Factory test pin.
68
PCOL
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII collision detect/ Force flow control. See “Register 18.”
67
PCRS
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII carrier sense/Force duplex mode. See “Register 28.”
60
PMRXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII receive clock. PHY mode MII.
65
PMRXD0
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 0. Strap option: PD (default) = disable
aggressive back-off algorithm in half-duplex mode; PU = enable for
performance enhancement.
64
PMRXD1
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = drop excessive
collision packets; PU = does not drop excessive collision packets.
63
PMRXD2
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = disable back
pressure; PU = enable back pressure.
62
PMRXD3
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = enable flow
control; PU = disable flow control.
61
PMRXDV
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive data valid.
66
PMRXER
Ipd/O
5
PHY[5] MII receive error. Strap option: PD (default) = packet size 1518/
1522 bytes; PU = 1536 bytes.
57
PMTXC
O
5
PHY[5] MII transmit clock. PHY mode MII.
55
PMTXD0
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 0
54
PMTXD1
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 1
53
PMTXD2
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 2
52
PMTXD3
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit bit 3
51
PMTXEN
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit enable
56
PMTXER
Ipd
5
PHY[5] MII transmit error
Pin Function
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
114
PS0
Ipd
No connect or pull down
113
PS1
Ipd
No connect or pull down
47
PWRDN_N
Ipu
Full-chip power down. Active low.
48
RESERVE/NC
109
Reserved
All
No connect
112
Reserved
All
No connect
115
RST_N
Ipu
5
RXM1
I
1
Physical receive signal - (differential)
11
RXM2
I
2
Physical receive signal - (differential)
20
RXM3
I
3
Physical receive signal - (differential)
26
RXM4
I
4
Physical receive signal - (differential)
33
RXM5
I
5
Physical receive signal - (differential)
4
RXP1
I
1
Physical receive signal + (differential)
10
RXP2
I
2
Physical receive signal + (differential)
19
RXP3
I
3
Physical receive signal + (differential)
25
RXP4
I
4
Physical receive signal + (differential)
32
RXP5
I
5
Physical receive signal + (differential)
119
SCANEN
Ipd
110
SCL
I/O
84
SCOL
Ipd/O
Switch MII collision detect
87
SCONF0
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
86
SCONF1
Ipd
Dual MII configuration pin
85
SCRS
Port
Pin Function
Reserved pin. No connect.
Reset the KS8995X. Active low.
Factory test pin
All
Ipd/O
Output clock at 81KHz in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.”
Pin# (91, 86, 87):
Switch MII
PHY [5] MII
000
Disable, Otri
Disable, Otri
001
PHY Mode MII
Disable, Otri
010
MAC Mode MII
Disable, Otri
011
PHY Mode SNI
Disable, Otri
100
Disable
Disable
101
PHY Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
110
MAC Mode MII
PHY Mode MII
111
PHY Mode SNI
PHY Mode MII
Switch MII carrier sense
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
Port
111
SDA
I /O
All
78
SMRXC
I/O
83
SMRXD0
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 0; Strap option: see “Register 11[1].”
82
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 1. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in
100Mbps mode; PU = Switch MII in 10Mbps mode.
81
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 2. Strap option: PD (default) = Switch MII in full
duplex mode; PU = Switch MII in half-duplex mode.
80
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive bit 3. Strap option: PD (default) = Disable Switch MII
full-duplex flow control; PU = Enable Switch MII full-duplex flow control.
79
SMRXDV
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data valid
75
SMTXC
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock. PHY or MAC mode MII.
73
SMTXD0
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 0
72
SMTXD1
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 1
71
SMTXD2
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 2
70
SMTXD3
Ipd
Switch MII transmit bit 3
69
SMTXEN
Ipd
Switch MII transmit enable
74
SMTXER
Ipd
Switch MII transmit error
1
TEST1
NC
NC for normal operation. Factory test pin.
128
TEST2
118
TESTEN
Ipd
8
TXP1
O
1
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
14
TXP2
O
2
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
23
TXP3
O
3
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
29
TXP4
O
4
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
36
TXP5
O
5
Physical transmit signal + (differential)
7
TXM1
O
1
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
13
TXM2
O
2
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
22
TXM3
O
3
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
28
TXM4
O
4
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
35
TXM5
O
5
Physical transmit signal - (differential)
123
VDDAP
P
1.8V analog VDD for PLL
3
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
15
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
31
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
Pin Function
Serial data input/output in I2C master mode. See “pin# 113.”
Switch MII receive clock. PHY or MAC mode MII
Factory test pin
Factory test pin
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
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KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type(1)
41
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
43
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
125
VDDAR
P
1.8V analog VDD
9
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
18
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
24
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
37
VDDAT
P
2.5V analog VDD
50
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
89
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
117
VDDC
P
1.8V digital core VDD
59
VDDIO
P
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
77
VDDIO
P
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
100
VDDIO
P
3.3/2.5V digital VDD for digital I/O circuitry
121
X1
I
25MHz crystal clock connection/or 3.3V tolerant oscillator input.
Oscillator should be ±100ppm.
122
X2
O
25MHz crystal clock connection
Port
Pin Function
Note:
1. P = Power supply
I = Input
O = Output
I/O = Bi-directional
Gnd = Ground
Ipu = Input w/internal pull-up
Ipd = Input w/internal pull-down
Ipd/O = Input w/internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise
Ipu/O = Input w/internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise
PU = Strap pin pull-up
PD = Strap pull-down
Otri = Output tristated
December 2003
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M9999-120403
TEST1
GNDA
VDDAR
RXP1
RXM1
GNDA
TXM1
TXP1
VDDAT
RXP2
RXM2
GNDA
TXM2
TXP2
VDDAR
GNDA
ISET
VDDAT
RXP3
RXM3
GNDA
TXM3
TXP3
VDDAT
RXP4
RXM4
GNDA
TXM4
TXP4
GNDA
VDDAR
RXP5
RXM5
GNDA
TXM5
TXP5
VDDAT
FXSD5
LED2-1
LED2-2
VDDIO
GNDD
LED3-0
LED3-1
LED3-2
LED4-0
LED4-1
LED4-2
LED5-0
LED5-1
LED5-2
VDDC
GNDD
SCONF0
SCONF1
SCRS
SCOL
SMRXD0
SMRXD1
SMRXD2
SMRXD3
SMRXDV
SMRXC
VDDIO
GNDD
SMTXC
SMTXER
SMTXD0
SMTXD1
SMTXD2
SMTXD3
SMTEXN
PCOL
PCRS
PMRXER
PMRXD0
KS8995X
Micrel
Pin Configuration
LED2-0
LED1-2
LED1-1
LED1-0
MDC
MDIO
SPIQ
SPIC/SCL
SPID/SDA
SPIS_N
PS1
PS0
RST_N
GNDD
VDDC
TESTEN
SCANEN
NC
X1
X2
VDDAP
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
GNDA
TEST2
M9999-120403
103
65
1
39
18
PMRXD1
PMRXD2
PMRXD3
PMRXDV
PMRXC
VDDIO
GNDD
PMTXC
PMTXER
PMTXD0
PMTXD1
PMTXD2
PMTXD3
PMTXEN
VDDC
GNDD
RESERVE
PWRDN_N
MUX2
MUX1
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
VDDAR
GNDA
FXSD4
128-Pin PQFP (PQ)
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Introduction
The KS8995X contains five 10/100 physical layer transceivers and five MAC (Media Access Control) units with an integrated
layer 2 switch. The device runs in three modes. The first mode is as a five-port integrated switch. The second is as a five-port
switch with the fifth port decoupled from the physical port. In this mode access to the fifth MAC is provided through an MII (Media
Independent Interface). This is useful for implementing an integrated broadband router. The third mode uses the dual MII
feature to recover the use of the fifth PHY. This allows the additional broadband gateway configuration, where the fifth PHY
may be accessed through the MII-P5 port.
The KS8995X is optimized for an unmanaged design in which the configuration is achieved through I/O strapping or EEPROM
programming at system reset time.
On the media side, the KS8995X supports IEEE 802.3 10BaseT, 100BaseTX on all ports, and 100BaseFX on ports 4 and 5.
The KS8995X can be used as two separate media converters.
Physical signal transmission and reception are enhanced through the use of patented analog circuitry that makes the design
more efficient and allows for lower power consumption and smaller chip die size.
The major enhancements from the KS8995E to the KS8995X are support for programmable rate limiting, a dual MII interface,
MDC/MDIO control interface for IEEE 802.3-defined register configuration (not all the registers), per-port broadcast storm
protection, local loopback and lower power consumption.
The KS8995X is pin-compatible to the managed switch, the KS8995M.
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver
100BaseTX Transmit
The 100BaseTX transmit function performs parallel-to-serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-to-NRZI conversion,
MLT3 encoding and transmission. The circuit starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts the MII data from the
MAC into a 125MHz serial bit stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B coding followed by a scrambler.
The serialized data is further converted from NRZ to NRZI format, and then transmitted in MLT3 current output. The output
current is set by an external 1% 3.01kΩ resistor for the 1:1 transformer ratio. It has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies
with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding amplitude balance, overshoot and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BaseT output
is also incorporated into the 100BaseTX transmitter.
100BaseTX Receive
The 100BaseTX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion, data and clock
recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding and serial-to-parallel conversion. The receiving side
starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the twisted pair cable. Since the
amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the length of the cable, the equalizer has to adjust its characteristics to
optimize the performance. In this design, the variable equalizer will make an initial estimation based on comparisons of
incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, then it tunes itself for optimization. This is an ongoing
process and can self adjust against environmental changes such as temperature variations.
The equalized signal then goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is used to
compensate for the effect of baseline wander and improve the dynamic range. The differential data conversion circuit converts
the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive.
The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is then used to
convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. The signal is then sent through the de-scrambler followed by the 4B/5B decoder.
Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to the MII format and provided as the input data to the MAC.
PLL Clock Synthesizer
The KS8995X generates 125MHz, 42MHz, 25MHz and 10MHz clocks for system timing. Internal clocks are generated from
an external 25MHz crystal.
Scrambler/De-Scrambler (100BaseTX only)
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal in order to reduce EMI and baseline wander. The
data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear feedback shift register (LFSR). This can generate a 2047-bit nonrepetitive sequence. The receiver will then de-scramble the incoming data stream with the same sequence at the transmitter.
100BaseFX Operation
100BaseFX operation is very similar to 100BaseTX operation except that the scrambler/de-scrambler and MLT3 encoder/
decoder are bypassed on transmission and reception. In this mode the auto-negotiation feature is bypassed since there is no
standard that supports fiber auto-negotiation.
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
100BaseFX Signal Detection
The physical port runs in 100BaseFX mode if FXSDx >0.6V for ports 4 and 5 only. This signal is internally referenced to
1.25V.The fiber module interface should be set by a voltage divider such that FXSDx ‘H’ is above this 1.25V reference,
indicating signal detect, and FXSDx ‘L’ is below the 1.25V reference to indicate no signal. When FXSDx is below 0.6V then
100BaseFX mode is disabled.
100BaseFX Far End Fault
Far end fault occurs when the signal detection is logically false from the receive fiber module. When this occurs, the
transmission side signals the other end of the link by sending 84 1’s followed by a zero in the idle period between frames. The
far end fault may be disabled through register settings.
10BaseT Transmit
The output 10BaseT driver is incorporated into the 100BaseT driver to allow transmission with the same magnetics. They are
internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with a typical 2.3V amplitude. The harmonic contents are at least
27dB below the fundamental when driven by an all-ones Manchester-encoded signal.
10BaseT Receive
On the receive side, input buffer and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver circuit and a
PLL perform the decoding function. The Manchester-encoded data stream is separated into clock signal and NRZ data. A
squelch circuit rejects signals with levels less than 400mV or with short pulsewidths in order to prevent noises at the RXP or
RXM input from falsely triggering the decoder. When the input exceeds the squelch limit, the PLL locks onto the incoming signal
and the KS8995X decodes a data frame. The receiver clock is maintained active during idle periods in between data reception.
Power Management
The KS8995X features a per port power down mode. To save power the user can power down ports that are not in use by setting
port control registers or MII control registers. In addition, it also supports full chip power down mode. When activated, the entire
chip will be shutdown.
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover
The KS8995X supports MDI/MDI-X auto crossover. This facilitates the use of either a straight connection CAT-5 cable or a
crossover CAT-5 cable. The auto-sense function will detect remote transmit and receive pairs, and correctly assign the transmit
and receive pairs from the Micrel device. This can be highly useful when end users are unaware of cable types and can also
save on an additional uplink configuration connection. The auto crossover feature may be disabled through the port control
registers.
Auto-Negotiation
The KS8995X conforms to the auto-negotiation protocol as described by the 802.3 committee. Auto-negotiation allows UTP
(Unshielded Twisted Pair) link partners to select the best common mode of operation. In auto-negotiation the link partners
advertise capabilities across the link to each other. If auto-negotiation is not supported or the link partner to the KS8995X is
forced to bypass auto-negotiation, then the mode is set by observing the signal at the receiver. This is known as parallel mode
because while the transmitter is sending auto-negotiation advertisements, the receiver is listening for advertisements or a fixed
signal protocol.
The flow for the link set up is depicted in Figure 4.
M9999-120403
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December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Start Auto Negotiation
Force Link Setting
Parallel
Operation
No
Yes
Bypass
Auto-Negotiation
and Set Link Mode
Attempt
Auto-Negotiation
Listen for 100BaseTX
Idles
Listen for 10BaseT
Link Pulses
No
Join Flow
Link Mode Set ?
Yes
Link Mode Set
Figure 4. Auto-Negotiation
Functional Overview: Switch Core
Address Look-Up
The internal look-up table stores MAC addresses and their associated information. It contains a 1K unicast address table plus
switching information. The KS8995X is guaranteed to learn 1K addresses and distinguishes itself from hash-based look-up
tables which, depending on the operating environment and probabilities, may not guarantee the absolute number of addresses
it can learn.
Learning
The internal look-up engine will update its table with a new entry if the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s SA (Source Address) does not exist in the look-up table.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The look-up engine will insert the qualified SA into the table, along with the port number, time stamp. If the table is full, the
last entry of the table will be deleted first to make room for the new entry.
Migration
The internal look-up engine also monitors whether a station is moved. If it happens, it will update the table accordingly.
Migration happens when the following conditions are met:
• The received packet’s SA is in the table but the associated source port information is different.
• The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The look-up engine will update the existing record in the table with the new source port information.
Aging
The look-up engine will update the time stamp information of a record whenever the corresponding SA appears. The time stamp
is used in the aging process. If a record is not updated for a period of time, the look-up engine will remove the record from
the table. The look-up engine constantly performs the aging process and will continuously remove aging records. The aging
period is 300 ±75 seconds. This feature can be enabled or disabled through Register 3 or by external pull-up or pull-down
resistors on LED[5][2]. See “Register 3” section.
Switching Engine
The KS8995X features a high performance switching engine to move data to and from the MAC’s, packet buffers. It operates
in store and forward mode, while the efficient switching mechanism reduces overall latency.
The KS8995X has a 64kB internal frame buffer. This resource is shared between all five ports. The buffer sharing mode can
be programmed through register 2. See “Register 2.” In one mode, ports are allowed to use any free buffers in the buffer pool.
In the second mode, each port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the total buffer pool. There are a total of 512 buffers available. Each
buffer is sized at 128B.
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Micrel
MAC (Media Access Controller) Operation
The KS8995X strictly abides by IEEE 802.3 standards to maximize compatibility.
Inter-Packet Gap (IPG)
If a frame is successfully transmitted, the 96 bit time IPG is measured between the two consecutive MTXEN. If the current
packet is experiencing collision, the 96 bit time IPG is measured from MCRS and the next MTXEN.
Backoff Algorithm
The KS8995X implements the IEEE Std 802.3 binary exponential back-off algorithm, and optional “aggressive mode” back off.
After 16 collisions, the packet will be optionally dropped depending on the chip configuration in Register 3. See “Register 3.”
Late Collision
If a transmit packet experiences collisions after 512-bit times of the transmission, the packet will be dropped.
Illegal Frames
The KS8995X discards frames less than 64 bytes and can be programmed to accept frames up to 1536 bytes in Register 4.
For special applications, the KS8995X can also be programmed to accept frames up to 1916 bytes in Register 4. Since the
KS8995X supports VLAN tags, the maximum sizing is adjusted when these tags are present.
Flow Control
The KS8995X supports standard 802.3x flow control frames on both transmit and receive sides.
On the receive side, if the KS8995X receives a pause control frame, the KS8995X will not transmit the next normal frame until
the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received before the current timer expires,
the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During this period (being flow controlled), only flow
control packets from the KS8995X will be transmitted.
On the transmit side, the KS8995X has intelligent and efficient ways to determine when to invoke flow control. The flow control
is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available transmit queues and available receive
queues.
The KS8995X will flow control a port, which just received a packet, if the destination port resource is being used up. The
KS8995X will issue a flow control frame (XOFF), containing the maximum pause time defined in IEEE standard 802.3x. Once
the resource is freed up, the KS8995X will send out the other flow control frame (XON) with zero pause time to turn off the flow
control (turn on transmission to the port). A hysteresis feature is provided to prevent the flow control mechanism from being
activated and deactivated too many times.
The KS8995X will flow control all ports if the receive queue becomes full.
Half-Duplex Back Pressure
A half-duplex back pressure option (note: not in 802.3 standards) is also provided. The activation and deactivation conditions
are the same as the above in full-duplex mode. If back pressure is required, the KS8995X will send preambles to defer the other
stations’ transmission (carrier sense deference). To avoid jabber and excessive deference defined in 802.3 standard, after a
certain time it will discontinue the carrier sense but it will raise the carrier sense quickly. This short silent time (no carrier sense)
is to prevent other stations from sending out packets and keeps other stations in carrier sense deferred state. If the port has
packets to send during a back pressure situation, the carrier-sense-type back pressure will be interrupted and those packets
will be transmitted instead. If there are no more packets to send, carrier-sense-type back pressure will be active again until
switch resources are free. If a collision occurs, the binary exponential backoff algorithm is skipped and carrier sense is
generated immediately, reducing the chance of further colliding and maintaining carrier sense to prevent reception of packets.
To ensure no packet loss in 10BaseT or 100BaseTX half-duplex modes, the user must enable the following:
• Aggressive backoff (register 3, bit 0)
• No excessive collision drop (register 4, bit 3)
• Back pressure (register 4, bit 5)
These bits are not set as the default because this is not the IEEE standard.
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Micrel
Broadcast Storm Protection
The KS8995X has an intelligent option to protect the switch system from receiving too many broadcast packets. Broadcast
packets will be forwarded to all ports except the source port, and thus use too many switch resources (bandwidth and available
space in transmit queues). The KS8995X has the option to include “multicast packets” for storm control. The broadcast storm
rate parameters are programmed globally, and can be enabled or disabled on a per port basis. The rate is based on a 50ms
interval for 100BT and a 500ms interval for 10BT. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate
limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during the interval. The rate definition is described in Register 6 and
Register 7. The default setting for Registers 6 and 7 is 0x4A, which is 74 decimal. This is equal to a rate of 1%, calculated as
follows:
148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A
MII Interface Operation
The MII (Media Independent Interface) is specified by the IEEE 802.3 committee and provides a common interface between
physical layer and MAC layer devices. The KS8995X provides two such interfaces. The MII-P5 interface is used to connect
to the fifth PHY, whereas the MII-SW interface is used to connect to the fifth MAC. Each of these MII interfaces contains two
distinct groups of signals, one for transmission and the other for receiving. The table below describes the signals used in the
MII-P5 interface.
The MII-P5 interface operates in PHY mode only, while the MII-SW interface operates in either MAC mode or PHY mode. These
interfaces are nibble wide data interfaces and therefore run at 1/4 the network bit rate (not encoded). Additional signals on the
transmit side indicate when data is valid or when an error occurs during transmission. Likewise, the receive side has indicators
that convey when the data is valid and without physical layer errors. For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates
a collision has occurred during transmission.
Note that the signal MRXER is not provided on the MII-SW interface for PHY mode operation and the signal MTXER is not
provided on the MII-SW interface for MAC mode operation. Normally MRXER would indicate a receive error coming from the
physical layer device. MTXER would indicate a transmit error from the MAC device. These signals are not appropriate for this
configuration. For PHY mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995X has an MRXER pin, it should be tied low.
For MAC mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8995X has an MTXER pin, it should be tied low.
MII Signal
Description
KS8995X Signal
MTXEN
Transmit enable
PMTXEN
MTXER
Transmit error
PMTXER
MTXD3
Transmit data bit 3
PMTXD[3]
MTXD2
Transmit data bit 2
PMTXD[2]
MTXD1
Transmit data bit 1
PMTXD[1]
MTXD0
Transmit data bit 0
PMTXD[0]
MTXC
Transmit clock
PMTXC
MCOL
Collision detection
PCOL
MCRS
Carrier sense
PCRS
MRXDV
Receive data valid
PMRXDV
MRXER
Receive error
PMRXER
MRXD3
Receive data bit 3
PMRXD[3]
MRXD2
Receive data bit 2
PMRXD[2]
MRXD1
Receive data bit 1
PMRXD[1]
MRXD0
Receive data bit 0
PMRXD[0]
MRXC
Receive clock
PMRXC
MDC
Management data clock
MDC
MDIO
Management data I/O
MDIO
Table 1. MII–P5 Signals (PHY Mode)
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PHY Mode Connection
MAC Mode Connection
External
MAC
KS8995X
Signal
Description
External
PHY
KS8995X
Signal
MTXEN
SMTXEN
Transmit enable
MTXEN
SMRXDV
MTXER
SMTXER
Transmit error
MTXER
Not used
MTXD3
SMTXD[3]
Transmit data bit 3
MTXD3
SMRXD[3]
MTXD2
SMTXD[2]
Transmit data bit 2
MTXD2
SMRXD[2]
MTXD1
SMTXD[1]
Transmit data bit 1
MTXD1
SMRXD[1]
MTXD0
SMTXD[0]
Transmit data bit 0
MTXD0
SMRXD[0]
MTXC
SMTXC
Transmit clock
MTXC
SMRXC
MCOL
SCOL
Collision detection
MCOL
SCOL
MCRS
SCRS
Carrier sense
MCRS
SCRS
MRXDV
SMRXDV
Receive data valid
MRXDV
SMTXEN
MRXER
Not used
Receive error
MRXER
SMTXER
MRXD3
SMRXD[3]
Receive data bit 3
MRXD3
SMTXD[3]
MRXD2
SMRXD[2]
Receive data bit 2
MRXD2
SMTXD[2]
MRXD1
SMRXD[1]
Receive data bit 1
MRXD1
SMTXD[1]
MRXD0
SMRXD[0]
Receive data bit 0
MRXD0
SMTXD[0]
MRXC
SMRXC
Receive clock
MRXC
SMTXC
Table 2. MII–SW Signals
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Micrel
SNI Interface Operation
The SNI (Serial Network Interface) is compatible with some controllers used for network layer protocol processing. This
interface can be directly connected to these types of devices. The signals are divided into two groups, one for transmission
and the other for reception. The signals involved are described in the table below.
SNI Signal
Description
KS8995X Signal
TXEN
Transmit Enable
SMTXEN
TXD
Serial Transmit Data
SMTXD[0]
TXC
Transmit Clock
SMTXC
COL
Collision Detection
SCOL
CRS
Carrier Sense
SMRXDV
RXD
Serial Receive Data
SMRXD[0]
RXC
Receive Clock
SMRXC
Table 3. SNI Signals
This interface is a bit wide data interface and therefore runs at the network bit rate (not encoded). An additional signal on the
transmit side indicates when data is valid. Likewise, the receive side has an indicator that conveys when the data is valid.
For half-duplex operation there is a signal that indicates a collision has occurred during transmission.
Advanced Functionality
QoS Support
The KS8995X is a QoS switch, meaning that is it able to identify selected packets on its ingress ports, prioritize them, and
service the packets according to their priority on the egress ports. In this way, the KS8995X can provide statistically better
service to the high priority packets that are latency sensitive, or require higher bandwidth. The KS8995X supports ingress QoS
classification using three different mechanisms: port-based priority, 802.1p tag-based priority, and DSCP priority for IPv4
packets.
Port-based priority is useful when the user wants to give a device on a given port high priority. For example in Figure 7, port
1 is given high priority because it is connected to an IP phone and port 4 is given lower priority because it is connected to a
computer whose data traffic may be less sensitive to network congestion. Each port on the KS8995X can be set as high or
low priority with an EEPROM. The port priority is set in bit 4 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4 and
5, respectively. Port-based priority is overridden by the OR’ed result of the 802.1p and DSCP priorities if they are all enabled
at the same time.
WAN
Router
P5[0]=1, Hi/Lo Tx Priority
Queues enabled
Hi-Pri
Queue
P5 Lo-Pri
Queue
8995X
P1
P2
P1[3]=1
High Priority Port
P3
P4
P4[3]=0
Low Priority Port
IP Phone
Figure 7. Port-Based Priority
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The KS8995X can classify tagged packets using the 802.1p tag based priority. In this prioritization scheme, the user can enable
the 802.1p classification on a per port basis in bit 5 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40 and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5,
respectively. Then the user specifies the 802.1p base priority in register 0x02, bits [6-4]. When a tagged packet is received,
the KS8995X examines the 3 bit 802.1p priority field shown in Figure 8. These 3 bits are compared against the base priority.
The prioritization policy is as follows:
Comparison
Priority
802.1p Priority ≥ Base Priority
High
802.1p Priority < Base Priority
Low
Table 4. 802.1p Priority
Bytes
8
6
6
4
2
Preamble
DA
SA
TCI
Length
4
Data
CRC
46-1500
4
LLC
16
3
1
12
Tagged Packet Type
(8100 for Ethernet)
802.1p
CFI
Bits
46-1500
VLAN ID
Figure 8. 802.3 Tagged Packet
Bytes
8
6
4
6
2
2
Preamble
DA
SA
Bits
Tag
Type
Data
4 6
4
Header
Size
IP Ver.
0x4
CRC
2
DiffServ
Res.
Figure 9. IPv4 Packet
In order to support QoS from end-to-end in a network, the KS8995X can also classify packets based on the IPv4 DiffServ field
shown in Figure 9.
The DiffServ field consists of 6 bits, which can be used to specify 64 code points. The KS8995X provides 64 bits (DSCP[63:0])
in 8 registers (0x60 to 0x67), in which the user specifies the priority of each of the 64 code points. The DiffServ classification
is enabled on a per port basis in bit 6 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40 and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. If
the DiffServ classification is enabled on a port, the KS8995X will decode the IPv4 DiffServ field and look at the user defined
code point bit to determine if the packet is high priority or low priority. If the code point is a ‘1’, the packet is high priority. If the
code point is ‘0’, the packet is low priority.
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DiffServ Field (Binary)
Code Point
KS8995X (Reg. and Bit)
000000
DSCP[0]
0x67, bit 0
000001
DSCP[1]
0x67, bit 1
000010
DSCP[2]
0x67, bit 2
000011
DSCP[3]
0x67, bit 3
000100
DSCP[4]
0x67, bit 4
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
111011
DSCP[59]
0x60, bit 3
111100
DSCP[60]
0x60, bit 4
111101
DSCP[61]
0x60, bit 5
111110
DSCP[62]
0x60, bit 6
111111
DSCP[63]
0x60, bit 7
Table 5. DiffServ Code Point
Once classification of the packets has been determined either by port-based priority, 802.1p tag-based priority or DiffServ
priority, they are placed in either the high or low priority queue on the egress port. The user can enable the egress priority queues
on a per port basis by setting bit 0 of registers 0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, and 0x50 for ports 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. If the
egress priority queue for a given port is not set, the port will treat all packets as if they are the same priority, even though packets
are classified on their ingress ports. If the egress priority queue for a given port is enabled, packets are serviced based on the
user programmable egress policy. The priority scheme selection is set in register 0x05 bits[3-2] as shown Table 6.
Register
0x05, bit 3
Register
0x05, bit 2
0
0
Always deliver high priority packets first
0
1
Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 10/1
1
0
Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 5/1
1
1
Deliver high/low priority packets at a ratio of 2/1
Egress Priority Scheme
Table 6. Transmit Priority Ratio
The KS8995X offers support for port-based, 802.1p tag-based, and IPv4 DiffServ priority, as well as programmable egress
policies. These KS8995X QoS features enable identifying, classifying and forwarding packets based on their priority. The
system designer is able to use this device to build network elements that give more control over system resources, priority
service to mission critical applications, and can be integrated into the next generation of multimedia networks.
Rate Limit Support
KS8995X supports hardware rate limiting on “receive” and “transmit” independently on a per port basis. It also supports rate
limiting in a priority or non-priority environment. The rate limit starts from 0Kbps and goes up to the line rate in steps of 32Kbps.
The KS8995X uses one second as an interval. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate
limit mechanism starts to count the number of bytes during this interval.
For receive, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop receiving packets on the port until the
“one second” interval expires. There is an option provided for flow control to prevent packet loss. If the rate limit is programmed
greater than or equal to 128Kbps and the byte counter is 8K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered. If the rate
limit is programmed lower than 128Kbps and the byte counter is 2K bytes below the limit, the flow control will be triggered.
For transmit, if the number of bytes exceeds the programmed limit, the switch will stop transmitting packets on the port until
the “one second” interval expires.
If priority is enabled, the KS8995X can support different rate controls for both high priority and low priority packets. This can
be programmed through registers 21 – 27.
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Configuration Interface
The KS8995X functions as a unmanaged switch. If no EEPROM exists, the KS8995X will operate from its default and strapin settings.
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration
If a 2-wire EEPROM exists, the KS8995X can perform more advanced features like broadcast storm protection and rate control.
The EEPROM should have the entire valid configuration data from register 0 to register 109 defined in the memory map, except
the status registers. The configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms as shown in Figure 10.
RST_N
....
SCL
....
SDA
....
t prgm<15 ms
Figure 10. EEPROM Configuration Timing Diagram
To configure the KS8995X with a pre-configured EEPROM use the following steps:
• At the board level, connect pin 110 on the KS8995X to the SCL pin on the EEPROM. Connect pin 111 on the
KS8995X to the SDA pin on the EEPROM.
• Be sure the board level reset signal is connected to the KS8995X reset signal on pin 115 (RST_N).
• Program the contents of the EEPROM before placing it on the board with the desired configuration data. Note that
the first byte in the EEPROM must be “95” for the loading to occur properly. If this value is not correct, all other data
will be ignored.
• Place EEPROM on the board and power up the board. Assert the active-low board level reset to RST_N on the
KS8995X. After the reset is deasserted, the KS8995X will begin reading configuration data from the EEPROM. The
configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms.
Note: For proper operation, make sure pin 47 (PWRDN_N) is not asserted during the reset operation.
MII Management Interface (MIIM)
A standard MIIM interface is provided for all five PHY devices in the KS8995X. An external device with MDC/MDIO capability
is able to read PHY status or to configure PHY settings. For details on the MIIM interface standard please reference the IEEE
802.3 specification (section 22.2.4.5). The MIIM interface does not have access to all the configuration registers in the
KS8995X. It can only access the standard MII registers. See “MIIM Registers” section.
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Register Map
Offset
Decimal
Hex
Description
0-1
0x00-0x01
Chip ID Registers
2-11
0x02-0x0B
Global Control Registers
12-15
0x0C-0x0F
Reserved
16-29
0x10-0x1D
Port 1 Control Registers
30-31
0x1E-0x2F
Port 1 Status Registers
32-45
0x20-0x2D
Port 2 Control Registers
46-47
0x2E-0x2F
Port 2 Status Registers
48-61
0x30-0x3D
Port 3 Control Registers
62-63
0x3E-0x3F
Port 3 Status Registers
64-77
0x40-0x4D
Port 4 Control Registers
78-79
0x4E-0x4F
Port 4 Status Registers
80-93
0x50-0x5D
Port 5 Control Registers
94-95
0x5E-0x5F
Port 5 Status Registers
96-103
0x60-0x67
TOS Priority Control Registers
104-109
0x68-0x6D
MAC Address Registers
Global Registers
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Chip family
RO
0x95
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0
7-0
Family ID
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1/Start Switch
7-4
Chip ID
0x0 is assigned to M series. (95X)
RO
0x0
3-1
Revision ID
Revision ID
RO
0x2
0
Start switch
The chip starts automatically after trying to read the
external EEPROM. If EEPROM does not exist, the
chip will use default values for all internal registers. If
EEPROM is present, the contents in the EEPROM will
be checked. The switch will check: (1) Register 0 =
0x95, (2) Register 1 [7:4] = 0x0. If this check is OK,
the contents in the EEPROM will override chip register
default values.
RW
—
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0
7
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0x0
6-4
802.1p base priority
Used to classify priority for incoming 802.1q packets.
“User priority” is compared against this value.
≥: classified as high priority
< : classified as low priority
R/W
0x4
3
Enable PHY MII
1 = enable PHY MII interface
(note: if not enabled, the switch will tri-state all outputs)
R/W
Pin LED[5][1] strap
option. Pull-down
(0): isolate Pull-up
(1): Enable.
Note: LED[5][1]
has internal pull-up.
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Address
Micrel
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 (continued)
2
Buffer share mode
1 = buffer pool is shared by all ports. A port can use
more buffer when other ports are not busy.
0 = a port is only allowed to use 1/5 of the buffer pool.
R/W
0x1
1
UNH mode
1 = the switch will drop packets with 0x8808 in T/L
filed, or DA=01-80-C2-00-00-01.
0 = the switch will drop packets qualified as
“flow control” packets.
R/W
0
0
Link change age
1 = link change from “link” to “no link” will cause fast
aging (<800µs) to age address table faster. After an
age cycle is complete, the age logic will return to
normal (300 ±75 seconds). Note: If any port is
unplugged, all addresses will be automatically aged
out.
R/W
0
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1
7
Pass all frames
1 = switch all packets including bad ones. Used solely
for debugging purpose. Works in conjunction with
sniffer mode.
R/W
0
6
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
5
IEEE 802.3x transmit
flow control disable
0 = will enable transmit flow control based on AN result.
1 = will not enable transmit flow control regardless of
AN result.
R/W
Pin PMRXD3 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Enable tx flow
control. Pull-up (1):
Disable tx/rx flow
control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
4
IEEE 802.3x receive
flow control disable
0 = will enable receive flow control based on AN result.
1 = will not enable receive flow controlregardless of
AN result.
R/W
Pin PMRXD3 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Enable rx flow
control. Pull-up (1):
Disable tx/rx flow
control.
Note: PMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
Note: Bit 5 and bit 4 default values are controlled by
the same pin, but they can be programmed
independently.
3
Frame length field
check
1 = will check frame length field in the IEEE packets.
If the actual length does not match, the packet will be
dropped. (for L/T < 1500)
R/W
0
2
Aging enable
1 = Enable age function in the chip
0 = Disable aging function
R/W
Pin LED[5][2] strap
option. Pull-down
(0): Aging disable.
Pull-up (1): Aging
Enable.
Note: LED[5][2]
has internal pull-up.
1
Fast age enable
1 = turn on fast age (800µs)
R/W
0
0
Aggressive back
off enable
1 = enable more aggressive backoff algorithm in halfduplex mode to enhance performance. This is not an
IEEE standard.
R/W
Pin PMRXD0 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Disable aggressive
backoff. Pull-up (1):
Aggressive back
off. Note: PMRXD0
has internal pulldown.
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Address
Micrel
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
1
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2
7
Reserved
Reserved
6
Multicast storm
protection disable
1 = “Broadcast Storm Protection” does not include
multicast packets. Only DA=FFFFFFFFFFFF packets
will be regulated.
0 = “Broadcast Storm Protection” includes DA =
FFFFFFFFFFFF and DA[40] = 1 packets.
R/W
1
5
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
1
4
Flow control and back
pressure fair mode
1 = fair mode is selected. In this mode, if a flow control
port and a non-flow control port talk to the same
destination port, packets from the non-flow control port
may be dropped. This is to prevent the flow control port
from being flow controlled for an extended period of time.
0 = in this mode, if a flow control port and a non-flow
control port talk to the same destination port, the flow
control port will be flow controlled. This may not be “fair”
to the flow control port.
R/W
1
3
No excessive collision
drop
1 = the switch will not drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
0 = the switch will drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
R/W
Pin PMRXD1 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Drop excessive
collision packets
Pull-up (1): Don’t
drop excessive
collision packets.
Note: PMRXD1
has internal pulldown.
2
Huge packet support
1 = will accept packet sizes up to 1916 bytes (inclusive).
This bit setting will override setting from bit 1 of the
same register.
0 = the max packet size will be determined by bit 1 of
this register.
R/W
0
1
Legal maximum packet
size check disable
1 = will accept packet sizes up to 1536 bytes (inclusive).
0 = 1522 bytes for tagged packets (not including
packets with STPID from CPU to ports 1-4), 1518 bytes
for untagged packets. Any packets larger than the
specified value will be dropped.”
R/W
Pin PMRXER strap
option. Pull-down (0):
1518/1522 byte
packets Pull-up
value will be
dropped. (1): 1536
byte packets.
Note: PMRXER
has internal pull
down.
0
Priority Buffer Reserve
1 = each output queue is pre-allocated 48 buffers,
used exclusively for high priority packets. It is
recommended to enable this when priority queue
feature is turned on.
0 = no reserved buffers for high priority packets.
R/W
0
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3
7
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
6
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
5
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
4
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
3-2
Priority scheme select
00 = always deliver high priority packets first.
01 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 10/1.
10 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 5/1.
11 = deliver high/low packets at ratio 2/1.
R/W
00
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Address
Micrel
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 (continued)
1
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
0
Sniff mode select
1 = will do Rx AND Tx sniff (both source port and
destination port need to match).
0 = will do Rx OR Tx sniff (Either source port or
destination port needs to match). This is the mode
used to implement Rx only sniff.
R/W
0
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4
7
Switch MII back
Pressure enable
1 = enable half-duplex back pressure on switch MII
interface.
0 = disable back pressure on switch MII interface.
R/W
0
6
Switch MII half
duplex mode
1 = enable MII interface half-duplex mode.
0 = enable MII interface full-duplex mode.
R/W
Pin SMRXD2 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Full-duplex mode
Pull-up (1): Halfduplex mode.
Note: SMRXD2
has internal pulldown.
5
Switch MII flow
control enable
1 = enable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
0 = disable full-duplex flow control on switch MII interface.
R/W
Pin SMRXD3 strap
option. Pull-down
(0): disable flow
control Pull-up (1):
enable flow control
Note: SMRXD3
has internal pulldown.
4
Switch MII 10BT
1 = the switch interface is in 10Mbps mode.
0 = the switch interface is in 100Mbps mode.
R/W
Pin SMRXD1 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
Enable 100Mbps
Pull-up (1): Enable
10Mpbs
Note: SMRXD1 has
internal pull-down.
3
Null VID replacement
1 = will replace null VID with port VID(12 bits).
0 = no replacement for null VID.
R/W
0
2-0
Broadcast storm
protection rate bit [10:8]
This along with the next register determines how many
“64 byte blocks” of packet data allowed on an input
port in a preset period. The period is 50ms for 100BT
or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%.
R/W
000
This along with the previous register determines how
many “64 byte blocks” of packet data are allowed on
an input port in a preset period. The period is 50ms
for 100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The default is 1%.
R/W
0x4A(1)
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Reserved
R/W
0x24
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5
7-0
Broadcast storm
protection rate bit [7:0]
Notes:
148,800 frames/sec × 50ms/interval × 1% = 74 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x4A
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6
7-0
Factory testing
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7
7-0
Factory testing
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8
7-0
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December 2003
KS8995X
Address
Micrel
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9
7-2
Reserved
N/A
0
1
LED mode
0 = led mode 0
1 = led mode 1
R/W
Pin SMRXD0 strap
option. Pull-down(0):
Enabled led mode 0.
Pull-up(1): Enabled.
led mode 1.
Note: SMRXD0 has
internal pull-down 0.
0
Reserved
Mode 0
Mode 1
LEDX_2
Lnk/Act
100Lnk/Act
LEDX_1
Fulld/Col
10Lnk/Act
LEDX_0
Speed
Fulld
Reserved
RW
0
Port Registers
The following registers are used to enable features that are assigned on a per port basis. The register bit assignments are
the same for all ports, but the address for each port is different, as indicated.
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0
Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0
Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0
Register 64 (0x40): Port 4 Control 0
Register 80 (0x50): Port 5 Control 0
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Broadcast storm
protection enable
1 = enable broadcast storm protection for ingress
packets on the port.
0 = disable broadcast storm protection.
R/W
0
6
DiffServ priority
classification enable
1 = enable DiffServ priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0 = disable DiffServ function.
R/W
0
5
802.1p priority
classification enable
1 = enable 802.1p priority classification for ingress
packets on port.
0 = disable 802.1p.
R/W
0
4
Port-based priority
classification enable
1 = ingress packets on the port will be classified as high
priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not
enabled or fails to classify.
0 = ingress packets on port will be classified as low
priority if “DiffServ” or “802.1p” classification is not
enabled or fails to classify.
R/W
0
Note: “DiffServ”, “802.1p” and port priority can be
enabled at the same time. The OR’ed result of 802.1p
and DSCP overwrites the port priority.
3
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
2
Tag insertion
1 = when packets are output on the port, the switch will R/W
add 802.1q tags to packets without 802.1q tags when
received. The switch will not add tags to packets already
tagged. The tag inserted is the ingress port’s “port VID.”
0 = disable tag insertion.
0
1
Tag removal
1 = when packets are output on the port, the switch
will remove 802.1q tags from packets with 802.1q tags
when received. The switch will not modify packets
received without tags.
0 = disable tag removal.
0
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33
R/W
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
0
Priority enable
1 = the port output queue is split into high and low
priority queues.
0 = single output queue on the port. There is no priority
differentiation even though packets are classified into
high or low priority.
R/W
0
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1
Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1
Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1
Register 65 (0x41): Port 4 Control 1
Register 81 (0x51): Port 5 Control 1
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Sniffer port
1 = port is designated as sniffer port and will transmit
packets that are monitored.
0, port is a normal port.
R/W
0
6
Receive sniff
1 = all the packets received on the port will be marked
as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the designated
“sniffer port.”
0 = no receive monitoring.
R/W
0
5
Transmit sniff
1 = all the packets transmitted on the port will be
marked as “monitored packets” and forwarded to the
designated “sniffer port.”
0 = no transmit monitoring.
R/W
0
4-0
Port VLAN membership
Define the port’s Port VLAN membership. Bit 4 stands
for port 5, bit 3 for port 4... bit 0 for port 1. The Port can
only communicate within the membership. A ‘1’
includes a port in the membership, a ‘0’ excludes a port
from membership.
R/W
0x1f
Mode
Default
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2
Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2
Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2
Register 66 (0x42): Port 4 Control 2
Register 82 (0x52): Port 5 Control 2
Address
Name
Description
7
Reserved
Reserved
6
Reserved
Reserved
R/W
0
5
Discard non PVID
packets
1 = the switch will discard packets whose VID does
not match ingress port default VID.
0 = no packets will be discarded.
R/W
0
4
Force flow control
1 = will always enable Rx and Tx flow control on the
port, regardless of AN result.
0 = the flow control is enabled based on AN result.
R/W
0
For port 4 only,
there is a special
configuration pin to
set the default,Pin
PCOL strap option.
Pull-down (0): No
Force flow control.
Pull-up (1): Force
flow control.
Note: PCOL has
internal pull-down.
0x0
Note: Setting a port for both half-duplex and forced
flow control is an illegal configuration. For half-duplex
enable back pressure.
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December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
3
Back pressure enable
1 = enable port’s half-duplex back pressure.
0 = disable port’s half-duplex back pressure.
R/W
Pin PMRXD2 strap
option. Pull-down (0):
disable back
pressure. Pull-up(1):
enable back
pressure.
Note: PMRXD2 has
internal pull-down.
2
Transmit enable
1 = enable packet transmission on the port.
0 = disable packet transmission on the port.
R/W
1
1
Receive enable
1 = enable packet reception on the port.
0 = disable packet reception on the port.
R/W
1
0
Learning disable
1 = disable switch address learning capability.
0 = enable switch address learning.
R/W
0
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3
Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3
Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3
Register 67 (0x43): Port 4 Control 3
Register 83 (0x53): Port 5 Control 3
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Default tag [15:8]
Port’s default tag, containing
7-5: user priority bits
4: CFI bit
3-0 : VID[11:8]
R/W
0
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4
Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4
Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4
Register 68 (0x44): Port 4 Control 4
Register 84 (0x54): Port 5 Control 4
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Default tag [7:0]
Default port 1’s tag, containing
7-0: VID[7:0]
R/W
1
Note:
Registers 19 and 20 (and those corresponding to other ports) serve two purposes: (1) Associated with the ingress untagged packets, and used for
egress tagging; (2) Default VID for the ingress untagged or null-VID-tagged packets, and used for address look up.
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5
Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5
Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5
Register 69 (0x45): Port 4 Control 5
Register 85 (0x55): Port 5 Control 5
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Transmit high priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6
Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6
Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6
Register 70 (0x46): Port 4 Control 6
Register 86 (0x56): Port 5 Control 6
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Transmit low priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 7, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7
Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7
Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7
Register 71 (0x47): Port 4 Control 7
Register 87 (0x57): Port 5 Control 7
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-4
Transmit low priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 6, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
3-0
Transmit high priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 5, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be transmitted. (In unit of 4K bytes in a
one second period.)
R/W
0
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8
Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8
Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8
Register 72 (0x48): Port 4 Control 8
Register 88 (0x58): Port 5 Control 8
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Receive high priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [3:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9
Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9
Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9
Register 73 (0x49): Port 4 Control 9
Register 89 (0x59): Port 5 Control 9
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-0
Receive low priority
rate control [7:0]
This along with port control 10, bits [7:4] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 Control 10
Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 Control 10
Register 58 (0x3A): Port 3 Control 10
Register 74 (0x4A): Port 4 Control 10
Register 90 (0x5A): Port 5 Control 10
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7-4
Receive low priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 9, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” low priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
3-0
Receive high priority
rate control [11:8]
This along with port control 8, bits [7:0] form a 12-bit
field to determine how many “32Kbps” high priority
blocks can be received. (In a unit of 4K bytes in a one
second period.)
R/W
0
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KS8995X
Micrel
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 Control 11
Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 Control 11
Register 59 (0x3B): Port 3 Control 11
Register 75 (0x4B): Port 4 Control 11
Register 91 (0x5B): Port 5 Control 11
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Receive differential
priority rate control
1 = If bit 6 is also ‘1’ this will enable receive rate control
for this port on low priority packets at the low priority
rate. If bit 5 is also ‘1’, this will enable receive rate
control on high priority packets at the high priority rate.
0 = receive rate control will be based on the low priority
rate for all packets on this port.
R/W
0
6
Low priority receive
rate control enable
1 = enable port’s low priority receive rate control feature.
0 = disable port’s low priority receive rate control.
R/W
0
5
High priority receive
rate control enable
1 = if bit 7 is also ‘1’ this will enable the port’s high
R/W
priority receive rate control feature. If bit 7 is a ‘0’ and
bit 6 is a ‘1’, all receive packets on this port will be rate
controlled at the low priority rate.
0 = disable port’s high priority receive rate control feature.
0
4
Low priority receive rate
flow control enable
1 = flow control may be asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
0 = flow control is not asserted if the port’s low priority
receive rate is exceeded.
R/W
0
3
High priority receive
rate flow control enable
1 = flow control may be asserted if the port’s high
priority receive rate is exceeded. (To use this, differential
receive rate control must be on.)
0 = flow control is not asserted if the port’s high
priority receive rate is exceeded.
R/W
0
2
Transmit differential
priority rate control
1 = will do transmit rate control on both high and low
priority packets based on the rate counters defined by
the high and low priority packets respectively.
0 = will do transmit rate control on any packets
The rate counters defined in low priority will be used.
R/W
0
1
Low priority transmit
rate control enable
1 = enable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
0 = disable the port’s low priority transmit rate control
feature.
R/W
0
0
High priority transmit
rate control enable
1 = enable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
0 = disable the port’s high priority transmit rate control
feature.
R/W
0
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12
Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12
Register 60 (0x3C): Port 3 Control 12
Register 76 (0x4C): Port 4 Control 12
Register 92 (0x5C): Port 5 Control 12
Note: Port Control 12 and 13, and Port Status 0 contents can be accessed by MIIM (MDC/MDIO) interface via the standard MIIM register definition.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
Disable auto-negotiation
1 = disable auto-negotiation, speed and duplex are
decided by bit 6 and 5 of the same register.
0 = auto-negotiation is on.
R/W
0
6
Forced speed
1 = forced 100BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
0 = forced 10BT if AN is disabled (bit 7).
R/W
1
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
5
Forced duplex
1 = forced full-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
0 = forced half-duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2) AN is
enabled but failed.
R/W
0
(For port 4 only,
there is a special
configure pin to set
the default,
Pin PCRS strap
option.
Pull-down (0):
Force half-duplex.
Pull-up (1):
Force full-duplex.
Note: PCRS has
internal pull down)
4
Advertised flow
control capability
1 = advertise flow control capability.
0 = suppress flow control capability from transmission
to link partner.
R/W
1
3
Advertised 100BT
full-duplex capability
1 = advertise 100BT full-duplex capability.
0 = suppress 100BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
2
Advertised 100BT
half-duplex capability
1 = advertise 100BT half-duplex capability.
0 = suppress 100BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
1
Advertised 10BT
full-duplex capability
1 = advertise 10BT full-duplex capability.
0 = suppress 10BT full-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
0
Advertised 10BT
half-duplex capability
1 = advertise 10BT half-duplex capability.
0 = suppress 10BT half-duplex capability from
transmission to link partner.
R/W
1
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13
Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13
Register 61 (0x3D): Port 3 Control 13
Register 77 (0x4D): Port 4 Control 13
Register 93 (0x5D): Port 5 Control 13
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
LED off
1 = turn off all port’s LEDs (LEDx_2, LEDx_1, LEDx_0,
where “x” is the port number). These pins will be driven
high if this bit is set to one.
0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
6
Txids
1 = disable port’s transmitter.
0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
5
Restart AN
1 = restart auto-negotiation.
0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
4
Disable Far end fault
1 = disable far end fault detection and pattern transmission.
0 = enable far end fault detection and pattern transmission.
R/W
0
3
Power down
1 = power down.
0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
2
Disable auto MDI/MDIX
1 = disable auto MDI/MDIX function.
0 = enable auto MDI/MDIX function.
R/W
0
1
Forced MDI
1 = if auto MDI/MDIX is disabled, force PHY into
MDI mode.
0 = do not force PHY into MDI mode.
R/W
0
0
MAC Loopback
1 = perform “local loopback”, ie., loopback PHYs TX
back to RX.
0 = normal operation.
R/W
0
M9999-120403
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December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0
Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0
Register 62 (0x3E): Port 3 Status 0
Register 78 (0x4E): Port 4 Status 0
Register 94 (0x5E): Port 5 Status 0
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
7
MDIX status
1 = MDI
0 = MDIX
RO
0
6
AN done
1 = AN done
0 = AN not done
RO
0
5
Link good
1 = link good
0 = link not good
RO
0
4
Partner flow
control capability
1 = link partner flow control capable
0 = link partner not flow control capable
RO
0
3
Partner 100BT
full-duplex capability
1 = link partner 100BT full-duplex capable
0 = link partner not 100BT full-duplex capable
RO
0
2
Partner 100BT
half-duplex capability
1 = link partner 100BT half-duplex capable
0 = link partner not 100BT half-duplex capable
RO
0
1
Partner 10BT
full-duplex capability
1 = link partner 10BT full-duplex capable
0 = link partner not 10BT full-duplex capable
RO
0
0
Partner 10BT
half-duplex capability
1 = link partner 10BT half-duplex capable
0 = link partner not 10BT half-duplex capable
RO
0
Description
Mode
Default
RO
0
RO
0
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1
Register 79 (0x4F): Port 4 Status 1
Register 95 (0x5F): Port 5 Status 1
Address
Name
7-1
Reserved
0
Far end fault
1 = far end fault status detected
0 = no far end fault status detected
Advanced Control Registers
The IPv4 TOS priority control registers implement a fully decoded 64 bit DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) register
used to determine priority from the 6 bit TOS field in the IP header. The most significant 6 bits of the TOS field are fully decoded
into 64 possibilities, and the singular code that results is compared against the corresponding bit in the DSCP register. If the
register bit is a 1, the priority is high; if it is a 0, the priority is low.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 96 (0x60): TOS priority control register 0
7-0
DSCP[63:56]
Register 97 (0x61): TOS priority control register 1
7-0
DSCP[55:48]
Register 98 (0x62): TOS priority control register 2
7-0
DSCP[47:40]
Register 99 (0x63): TOS priority control register 3
7-0
DSCP[39:32]
Register 100 (0x64): TOS priority control register 4
7-0
DSCP[31:24]
Register 101 (0x65): TOS priority control register 5
7-0
DSCP[23:16]
December 2003
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M9999-120403
KS8995X
Address
Micrel
Name
Description
Mode
Default
R/W
00000000
R/W
00000000
Register 102 (0x66): TOS priority control register 6
7-0
DSCP[15:8]
Register 103 (0x67): TOS priority control register 7
7-0
DSCP[7:0]
Registers 104 to 109 define the switching engine’s MAC address. This 48-bit address is used as the source address in MAC pause control frames.
Register 104 (0x68): MAC address register 0
7-0
MACA[47:40]
R/W
0x00
R/W
0x10
R/W
0xA1
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
R/W
0xff
Register 105 (0x69): MAC address register 1
7-0
MACA[39:32]
Register 106 (0x6A): MAC address register 2
7-0
MACA[31:24]
Register 107 (0x6B): MAC address register 3
7-0
MACA[23:16]
Register 108 (0x6C): MAC address register 4
7-0
MACA[15:8]
Register 109 (0X6D): MAC address register 5
7-0
MACA[7:0]
MIIM Registers
The “PHYAD” defined in IEEE is assigned as “0x1” for port 1, “0x2” for port 2, “0x3” for port 3, “0x4” for port 4, “0x5” for port
5. The “REGAD” supported are 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
Register 0: MII Control
15
Soft reset
1 = PHY soft reset
0 = normal operation
RO
0
14
Loop back
1 = loop back mode (loop back at PHY)
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
13
Force 100
1 = 100Mbps
0 = 10Mbps
R/W
1
12
AN enable
1 = auto-negotiation enabled
0 = auto-negotiation disabled
R/W
1
11
Power down
1 = power down
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
10
Isolate
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
9
Restart AN
1 = restart auto-negotiation
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
8
Force full-duplex
1 = full-duplex
0 = half-duplex
R/W
0
7
Collision test
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
6
Reserved
RO
0
5
Reserved
RO
0
4
Force MDI
1 = force MDI
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
3
Disable auto MDIX
1 = disable auto MDIX
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
2
Disable far end fault
1 = disable far end fault detection
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
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40
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Address
Name
Description
Mode
Default
1
Disable transmit
1 = disable transmit
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
0
Disable LED
1 = disable LED
0 = normal operation
R/W
0
Register 1: MII Status
15
T4 capable
0 = not 100 BaseT4 capable
RO
0
14
100 Full capable
1 = 100BaseTX full-duplex capable
0 = not capable of 100BaseTX full-duplex
RO
1
13
100 Half capable
1 = 100BaseTX half-duplex capable
0 = not 100BaseTX half-duplex capable
RO
1
12
10 Full capable
1 = 10BaseT full-duplex capable
0 = not 10BaseT full-duplex capable
RO
1
11
10 Half capable
1 = 10BaseT half-duplex capable
0 = not 10BaseT half-duplex capable
RO
1
10-7
Reserved
RO
0
6
Preamble suppressed
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
5
AN complete
1 = auto-negotiation complete
0 = auto-negotiation not completed
RO
0
4
Far end fault
1 = far end fault detected
0 = no far end fault detected
RO
0
3
AN capable
1 = auto-negotiation capable
0 = not auto-negotiation capable
RO
1
2
Link status
1 = link is up
0 = link is down
RO
0
1
Jabber test
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
0
Extended capable
0 = not extended register capable
RO
0
High order PHYID bits
RO
0x0022
Low order PHYID bits
RO
0x1450
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
RO
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
Register 2: PHYID HIGH
15-0
Phyid high
Register 3: PHYID LOW
15-0
Phyid low
Register 4: Advertisement Ability
15
Next page
14
Reserved
13
Remote fault
12-11
Reserved
10
Pause
9
Reserved
8
Adv 100 Full
1 = advertise 100 full-duplex ability
0 = do not advertise 100 full-duplex ability
R/W
1
7
Adv 100 Half
1 = advertise 100 half-duplex ability
0 = do not advertise 100 half-duplex ability
R/W
1
6
Adv 10 Full
1 = advertise 10 full-duplex ability
0 = do not advertise 10 full-duplex ability
R/W
1
5
Adv 10 Half
1 = advertise 10 half-duplex ability
0 = do not advertise 10 half-duplex ability
R/W
1
4-0
Selector field
802.3
RO
00001
December 2003
NOT SUPPORTED
1 = advertise pause ability
0 = do not advertise pause ability
41
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Register 5: Link Partner Ability
15
Next page
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
14
LP ACK
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
13
Remote fault
NOT SUPPORTED
RO
0
12-11
Reserved
RO
0
10
Pause
RO
0
9
Reserved
RO
0
8
Adv 100 full
Link partner 100 full capability
RO
0
7
Adv 100 half
Link partner 100 half capability
RO
0
6
Adv 10 full
Link partner 10 full capability
RO
0
5
Adv 10 half
Link partner 10 half capability
RO
0
4-0
Reserved
RO
00000
M9999-120403
Link partner pause capability
42
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC) ............................. –0.5V to +2.4V
(VDDAT, VDDIO) ........................................ –0.5V to +4.0V
Input Voltage (All Inputs) ............................. –0.5V to +4.0V
Output Voltage (All Outputs) ....................... –0.5V to +4.0V
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec.) ..................... 270°C
Storage Temperature (TS) ....................... –55°C to +150°C
Supply Voltage
(VDDAR, VDDAP, VDDC) ............................. +1.7V to +1.9V
(VDDAT, VDDIO) ................ +2.4V to +2.6V or +3.0 to +3.6
Ambient Temperature (TA)
Commercial .............................................. –0°C to +70°C
Package Thermal Resistance(3)
PQFP (θJA) No Air Flow ................................. 42.91°C/W
Electrical Characteristics(4)
VIN = 1.8V/2.5V (typ.); VIN = 1.9V/3.6V (max.); TA = 0°C to +70°C; unless noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
229
250
mA
100BaseTX Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
100BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
IDDC
100BaseTX (Digital Core/PLL + Analog RX) VDDC, VDDAP, VDDAR
157
230
mA
IDDIO
100BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
30
mA
10BaseTX Operation—All Ports 100% Utilization
IDX
10BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
350
375
mA
IDDC
10BaseTX (Digital Core + Analog RX)
VDDC, VDDAP
102
180
mA
IDDIO
10BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
6
15
mA
Auto-Negotiation Mode
IDX
10BaseTX (Transmitter)
VDDAT
25
40
mA
IDDC
10BaseTX (Digital Core + Analog RX)
VDDC, VDDAP
108
180
mA
IDDIO
10BaseTX (Digital IO)
VDDIO
17
20
mA
TTL Inputs
VIH
Input High Voltage
VIL
Input Low Voltage
IIN
Input Current
(Excluding Pull-up/Pull-down)
VIN = GND ~ VDDIO
VOH
Output High Voltage
IOH = –8mA
VOL
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 8mA
|IOZ|
Output Tri-State Leakage
(1/2 VDDIO)
+0.4
–10
V
(1/2 VDDIO)
–0.4
V
10
µA
TTL Outputs
VDDIO
–0.4
V
+0.4
V
10
µA
1.05
V
2
%
100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
VO
Peak Differential Output Voltage
100Ω termination on the differential output
0.95
VIMB
Output Voltage Imbalance
100Ω termination on the differential output
tr, tt
Rise/Fall Time
3
5
ns
Rise/Fall Time Imbalance
0
0.5
ns
Notes:
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (Ground
to VDD).
3. No HS (heat spreader) in package.
4. Specification for packaged product only.
December 2003
43
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Symbol
Micrel
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
±0.5
ns
5
%
100BaseTX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
Duty Cycle Distortion
Overshoot
VSET
Reference Voltage of ISET
Output Jitters
0.5
V
Peak-to-peak
0.7
1.4
ns
5MHz square wave
400
mV
2.3
V
10BaseT Receive
VSQ
Squelch Threshold
10BaseT Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) VDDAT = 2.5V
VP
Peak Differential Output Voltage
100Ω termination on the differential output
Jitters Added
100Ω termination on the differential output
Rise/Fall Times
M9999-120403
28
44
±3.5
V
30
ns
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Timing Diagrams
ts1
tcyc1
th1
Receive Timing
SCL
SDA
Figure 11. EEPROM Interface Input Receive Timing Diagram
tcyc1
Transmit Timing
SCL
tov1
SDA
Figure 12. EEPROM Interface Output Transmit Timing Diagram
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC1
Clock Cycle
tS1
Set-Up Time
20
ns
tH1
Hold Time
20
ns
tOV1
Output Valid
16384
4096
4112
Units
ns
4128
ns
Table 7. EEPROM Timing Parameters
December 2003
45
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
ts2
tcyc2
th2
Receive Timing
MTXC
MTXEN
MTXD[0]
Figure 13. SNI Input Timing
tcyc2
Transmit Timing
MRXC
tov2
MRXDV
MCOL
MRXD[0]
Figure 14. SNI Output Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
tCYC2
Clock Cycle
tS2
Set-Up Time
10
ns
tH2
Hold Time
0
ns
tO2
Output Valid
0
100
3
Units
ns
6
ns
Table 8. SNI Timing Parameters
M9999-120403
46
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
ts3
tcyc3
th3
Receive Timing
MRXCLK
MTXEN
MTXER
MTXD[3:0]
Figure 15. MAC Mode MII Timing–Data Received from MII
tcyc3
Transmit Timing
MTXCLK
tov3
MRXDV
MRXD[3:0]
Figure 16. MAC Mode MII Timing–Data Transmitted from MII
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
tCYC3
Clock Cycle
(100BaseT)
40
ns
tCYC3
Clock Cycle
(10BaseT)
400
ns
tS3
Set-Up Time
10
ns
tH3
Hold Time
5
ns
tOV3
Output Valid
7
11
Max
16
Units
ns
Table 9. MAC Mode MII Timing Parameters
December 2003
47
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
ts4
tcyc4
th4
Receive Timing
MTXCLK
MTXEN
MTXER
MTXD[3:0]
Figure 17. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Received from MII
tcyc4
Transmit Timing
MRXCLK
tov4
MRXDV
MRXD[3:0]
Figure 18. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Transmitted from MII
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
tCYC4
Clock Cycle
(100BaseT)
40
ns
tCYC4
Clock Cycle
(10BaseT)
400
ns
tS4
Set-Up Time
10
ns
tH4
Hold Time
0
ns
tOV4
Output Valid
18
25
Max
28
Units
ns
Table 10. PHY Mode MII Timing Parameters
M9999-120403
48
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Supply
Voltage
tsr
RST_N
tcs
tch
Strap-In
Value
trc
Strap-In /
Output Pin
Figure 19. Reset Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
tSR
Stable Supply Voltages to Reset High
10
ms
tCS
Configuration Set-Up Time
50
ns
tCH
Configuration Hold Time
50
ns
tRC
Reset to Strap-In Pin Output
50
ns
Table 11. Reset Timing Parameters
December 2003
49
M9999-120403
KS8995X
Micrel
Selection of Isolation Transformer(1)
One simple 1:1 isolation transformer is needed at the line interface. An isolation transformer with integrated common-mode
choke is recommended for exceeding FCC requirements. The following table gives recommended transformer characteristics.
Characteristics Name
Value
Test Condition
Turns Ratio
1 CT : 1 CT
Open-Circuit Inductance (min.)
350µH
100mV, 100 KHz, 8mA
Leakage Inductance (max.)
0.4µH
1MHz (min.)
Inter-Winding Capacitance (max.)
12pF
D.C. Resistance (max.)
0.9Ω
Insertion Loss (max.)
1.0dB
HIPOT (min.)
1500Vrms
0MHz to 65MHz
Note:
1. The IEEE 802.3u standard for 100BaseTX assumes a transformer loss of 0.5dB. For the transmit line transformer, insertion loss of up to 1.3dB can
be compensated by increasing the line drive current by means of reducing the ISET resistor value.
The following transformer vendors provide compatible magnetic parts for Micrel’s device:
4-Port Integrated
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number
of Ports
Single-Port
Vendor
Part
Auto
MDIX
Number
of Ports
Pulse
H1164
Yes
4
Pulse
H1102
Yes
1
Bel Fuse
558-5999-Q9
Yes
4
Bel Fuse
S558-5999-U7
Yes
1
YCL
PH406466
Yes
4
YCL
PT163020
Yes
1
Transpower
HB826-2
Yes
4
Transpower
HB726
Yes
1
Delta
LF8731
Yes
4
Delta
LF8505
Yes
1
LanKom
SQ-H48W
Yes
4
LanKom
LF-H41S
Yes
1
Table 12. Qualified Magnetics Lists
M9999-120403
50
December 2003
KS8995X
Micrel
Package Information
128-Pin PQFP (PQ)
MICREL, INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131
TEL
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
FAX
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
USA
http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use.
Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can
reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s
use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify
Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.
December 2003
51
M9999-120403