Freescale Semiconductor Advance Information Document Number: MC34675 Rev. 3.0, 4/2008 28V-Input-Voltage Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger with 10mA Regulator 34675 The 34675 is a high-input-voltage Li-Ion battery charger with a 4.85V/10mA linear regulator. The high input voltage, up to 28V, eliminates the input over-voltage protection circuit required in handheld devices such as cell phones, Bluetooth accessories, and portable media players. The 4.85V linear regulator is capable of 10mA output current and can be used to directly power a sub-system such as a USB transceiver. The charge cycle of the 34675 includes trickle, constant-current (CC) and constant-voltage (CV) charge modes. The CC mode current is programmable up to 1A, with an external resistor. The voltage across the external resistor is also used to monitor the actual charge current. The constant voltage is fixed at 4.2V with 0.7% accuracy over the -40°C to 85°C temperature range. The trickle-mode current is pre-set to 20% of the CC mode current when the battery voltage is lower than the trickle-mode threshold. The end-of-charge (EOC) current threshold is pre-set to 10% of the CC mode current, to save board space and cost. A charge current thermal foldback feature limits the charge current when the IC internal temperature rises to the preset threshold of 120°C. The 34675 also protects the system with its input overvoltage protection (OVP) feature. Two indication pins (PPR and CHG) can be simply interfaced to a microprocessor or LEDs. When no power supply is connected, or when disabled, the charger draws less than 1.0μA leakage current from the battery. POWER MANAGEMENT IC EP SUFFIX (PB-FREE) 98ASA10774D 8-PIN UDFN ORDERING INFORMATION Device Temperature Range (TA) Package MC34675AEP/R2 -40°C to 85°C 8-UDFN Features • • • • • • • • • • No external MOSFET, reverse-blocking diode, or current-sense resistor is required Guaranteed maximum 1A programmable CC mode current ±0.7% voltage accuracy over -40°C to 85°C ±6% current accuracy over -40°C to 85°C 4.85V/10mA linear regulator with a 6.8V input over-voltage protection threshold 28V maximum voltage for the power input with a 6.8V over-voltage protection threshold Trickle charge for fully discharged batteries Charge current monitor Charge current thermal foldback Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code EP 34675 VIN CIN VIN GND TO BATTERY BAT COUT ISET RISET CHG PPR OFF EN TO SYSTEM DET CDET ON Figure 1. 34675 Simplified Application Diagram * This document contains certain information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2008. All rights reserved. INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VIN BAT VIN Monitor – + Internal Supply Linear Reg VREF Charge Control DET + VOS PPR ISET – REF VIN + – BAT IREF + – – + Die Temp 120°C CHG EN Logic Control + – IEOC GND Figure 2. 34675 Simplified Internal Block Diagram 34675 2 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor PIN CONNECTIONS PIN CONNECTIONS Transparent Top View VIN 1 8 BAT PPR 2 7 ISET CHG 3 6 DET EN 4 5 GND EPAD Figure 3. 34675 Pin Connections Table 1. 34675 Pin Definitions A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 12. Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function Formal Name Definition 1 VIN Input Input supply 2 PPR Output Power present indicator 3 CHG Output Charge indicator 4 EN Input Enable Enable logic input. 5 GND Ground Ground Ground. 6 DET Output Regulator output 7 ISET Output CC mode current setting and charge current monitor 8 BAT Output Charger output EPAD EPAD N/A Exposed pad The power supply input. Indication of the input power status. Open drain output. Indication of the charge status. Open drain output. The 4.85V/10mA linear regulator output. CC mode current setting and charge current monitoring pin. The charger output pin. Connect this pin to the Li-Ion battery. The exposed pad for thermal dissipation enhancement. It must be soldered on the large ground plane on the PCB to increase the thermal dissipation. The pad must be connected to GND electrically 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Maximum Ratings All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or permanent damage to the device. Ratings Symbol Value Unit ELECTRICAL RATINGS Input Voltage Range V VIN Pin VIN -0.3 to 28 PPR and CHG Pins VPPR, VCHG -0.3 to 12 EN, BAT, ISET and DET Pins VEN, VBAT, VISET, VDET -0.3 to 5.5 ESD Voltage(1) V Human Body Model (HBM) VESD Machine Model (MM) ±2000 ±200 THERMAL RATINGS Operating Temperature °C Ambient TA -40 to +85 Junction TJ -40 to 150 TSTG -65 to +150 RθJC 10 RθJA 70 TPPRT Note 4 Storage Temperature Thermal Resistance(2) °C/W Junction-to-Case Junction-to-Ambient Peak Package Reflow Temperature During °C Reflow(3),(4) °C Notes 1. ESD testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (HBM) (CZAP = 100pF, RZAP = 1500Ω), and the Machine Model (MM) (CZAP = 200pF, RZAP = 0Ω). 2. 3. 4. Device mounted on the Freescale EVB test board per JEDEC DESD51-2. Pin soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. Freescale’s Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements for JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. For Peak Package Reflow Temperature and Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL), Go to www.freescale.com, search by part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes and enter the core ID to view all orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), and review parametrics. 34675 4 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics Characteristics noted under conditions VIN = 5V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C, CIN = 1.0μF, COUT = 2.2μF, CDET = 0.22μF (see Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at VIN = 5V and TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit VIN Pin Normal Operation Input Voltage Range(5) VIN 2.6 - 6.6 V VIN Pin Supply Current IIN Charger enabled(6) - 1400 2000 Charger disabled - 360 450 POWER INPUT Regulated Output Voltage μA VBAT V VIN = 5.0V; IBAT = 10mA; TA = 25°C 4.185 4.20 4.215 VIN = 5.0V; IBAT = 10mA; TA = -40 to 85°C 4.170 4.20 4.230 Power MOSFET On Resistance RDS(ON) mΩ VBAT = 4.0V; IBAT = 400mA; ICHG = 500mA BAT Pin Standby Current 330 475 - - 1.0 μA ISTDBY VIN not powered or charger disabled Power On Reset - VPOR V Rising VIN threshold 3.5 3.6 3.7 Falling VIN threshold 2.4 2.5 2.6 VIN-BAT Offset Voltage VOS mV Rising threshold - - 60 Falling threshold 1.0 - 22 VOVP 6.6 6.8 7.0 V VOVPHYS - 200 - mV Constant Current Mode Charge Current Range(7) ICHG 0.05 - 1.0 A ICHG Accuracy ICHG For ICHG between 300mA to 1000mA (tested at 450mA) 94% 100% 106% For ICHG between 50mA to 300mA(7) 90% 100% 110% 18% 20% 22% When ICHG >300mA (tested at ICHG=450mA) 8.5% 10% 11.5% When ICHG <300mA(7) 8.0% 10% 12% - 1.0 - Over-voltage Protection Rising Threshold Over-voltage Protection Threshold Hysteresis CHARGE CURRENT Trickle-Mode Charge Current ITRKL End-of-Charge (EOC) Threshold IEOC ISET-Pin Voltage for ICHG Reference ICHG ICHG ICHG VISET V Notes 5. Refer to the Power-on-Reset parameter for VIN turn on and turn off values. 6. 7. Supply current does not include the current delivered to the battery through the BAT pin. Not tested. The accuracy is guaranteed by design. 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions VIN = 5V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C, CIN = 1.0μF, COUT = 2.2μF, CDET = 0.22μF (see Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at VIN = 5V and TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit VTRKL 2.6 2.7 2.8 V VTRKLHYS 40 100 150 mV VRECH 4.075 4.100 4.125 V VRECHHYS - 25 50 mV 4.6 4.85 5.0 - 90 150 10 13 16 CHARGE THRESHOLDS Trickle Mode Rising Threshold Voltage Trickle Mode Threshold Voltage Hysteresis Recharge Threshold Voltage Recharge Falling Threshold Voltage Hysteresis LINEAR REGULATOR Output Voltage VLR VIN = 5.2V, Output Current < 10mA, IBAT = 0mA Dropout Voltage V VDO VIN = 4.7V, Output Current = 10mA, IBAT = 0mA Output Current Limit IREGLMT Output Pull-down Resistance RREGPD 2.0V < VIN < VPOR or VIN > VOVP mV mA kΩ - 200 - LOGIC INPUT AND OUTPUT EN Input High Threshold Voltage VIH 1.5 - - V EN Input Low Threshold Voltage VIL - - 0.5 V EN Input Pull-down Current IEN - 2.0 7.5 9.0 15 - VEN = 3V PPR and CHG Sink Current when the Output is Low IPCSINKL VCHG = VPPR = 0.6V PPR and CHG Leakage Current When the Output is High-impedance μA mA μA IPCLEAKH VCHG = VPPR = 5.0V - - 1.0 100 120 140 CHARGE CURRENT THERMAL FOLDBACK Current Foldback Die Temperature Limit TLIMIT °C 34675 6 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 4. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics Characteristics noted under conditions VIN = 5V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C, CIN = 1μF, COUT = 2.2μF, CDET = 0.22μF (see Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter means at VIN = 5V and TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit tEOC 6.0 8.0 12 ms fOSC 40.0 50.0 60.0 kHz END OF CHARGE EOC Filter Time OSCILLATOR Oscillation Frequency 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES 30 60 16 BAT Pin Output Voltage (V) Figure 4. Complete Charge Cycle VIN = 5.0V, ICHG=400mA, 740mAh Li-Ion Battery, TA=25°C 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 12 IBAT (µA) 450 400 Battery Voltage 350 300 250 200 Charge Current 150 100 50 0 90 120 150 180 210 240 Time (min) 8 4 0 -4 0 1 Trickle Charge Current (mA) VIN Pin Supply Current (µA) 1500 Charger Enabled 1200 900 600 Charger Disabled 300 0 3 4 5 6 Input Voltage (V) 7 Figure 6. VIN Pin Supply Current vs VIN IBAT = 0mA, TA = 25°C 5 RISET=3.95 kΩ 1000 800 RISET=7.9 kΩ 600 400 RISET=15.8 kΩ 200 0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Input Voltage (V) 6.5 7.0 Figure 8. Constant Charge Current vs VIN VBAT = 3.7V, TA = 25°C Figure 5. Charger Output Voltage vs VIN IBAT = 0mA, TA = 25°C 1800 4 1200 Input Voltage (V) 2100 2 3 VBAT (V) Figure 7. BAT Pin Current vs Battery Voltage in OVP VIN = 7.0V, TA = 25°C Constant Charge Current (mA) 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 Charge Current (mA) Battery Voltage (V) ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES 250 RISET=3.95 kΩ 200 150 RISET=7.9 kΩ 100 RISET=15.8 kΩ 50 0 3 4 5 6 Input Voltage (V) 7 Figure 9. Trickle Charge Current vs VIN VBAT = 2.0V, TA = 25°C 34675 8 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES DET Pin Output Voltage (V) Charge Current (mA) 1200 RISET=3.95 kΩ 1000 800 600 RISET=7.9 kΩ 400 RISET=15.8 kΩ 200 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 VIN Rising 3 2 VIN Falling 1 0 0 1 Battery Voltage (V) 1.2 5.00 1.0 4.95 0.8 4.90 0.6 0.4 7 4.85 4.80 0.2 4.75 0.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 VIN (V) 6.5 4.70 0 7.0 Figure 11. VISET vs VIN VBAT = 3.7V, TA = 25°C 200 400 600 IBAT (mA) 800 1000 Figure 14. DET Pin Output Voltage vs Charge Current VIN = 5.2V, IDET = 10mA, TA = 25°C 5.00 1.2 RISET=15.8kΩ RISET=7.9kΩ 1.0 RISET=3.95 kΩ 0.8 4.95 VDET (V) VISET (V) 6 Figure 13. DET Pin Output Voltage vs Input Voltage RDET = 470Ω, IBAT = 0mA, TA = 25°C VDET (V) VISET (V) Figure 10. Charge Current vs Battery Voltage VIN = 5.0V, TA = 25°C 2 3 4 5 Input Voltage (V) 0.6 4.90 4.85 0.4 4.80 0.2 4.75 0.0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Charge Current (mA) Figure 12. VISET vs Charge Current VIN = 5.0V, TA = 25°C 4.70 0 2 4 6 8 IDET (mA) 10 12 14 Figure 15. DET Pin Output Voltage vs Output Current VIN = 5.2V, IBAT = 0mA, TA = 25°C 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 9 160 85°C 25°C 120 -40°C 80 40 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 DET Pin Output Current (mA) 12 Figure 16. DET Dropout Voltage vs Output Current VIN = 4.7V, IBAT = 0mA 250 150 RISET=7.9kΩ 100 RISET=15.8kΩ 50 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 1.10 4.210 4.205 1.05 4.200 4.195 1.00 4.190 0.95 4.185 4.180 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 0.90 -40 80 Figure 17. Charger Output Voltage vs Temperature VIN = 5.0V, IBAT = 0mA 1200 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 450 RISET=3.95kΩ 1000 400 800 RISET=7.9kΩ 600 400 RISET=15.8kΩ 350 300 250 200 0 -40 -20 Figure 20. VISET vs Temperature VIN = 5.0V, VBAT = 3.7V RDS(ON) (mΩ) Constant Charge Current (mA) RISET=3.95kΩ 200 Figure 19. Trickle Charge Current vs Temperature VIN = 5.0V, VBAT = 2.0V VISET (V) BAT Pin Output Voltage (V) Trickle Charge Current (mA) DET Dropout Voltage (mV) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 Figure 18. Constant Charge Current vs Temperature VIN = 5.0V, VBAT = 3.7V 200 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 Figure 21. RDS(ON) vs Temperature VBAT = 4.0V, ICHG = 500mA, IBAT = 400mA 34675 10 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 4.20 VIN Pin Supply Current ( µA) Recharge Voltage Threshold (V) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES 4.15 4.10 4.05 4.00 3.95 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 Figure 23. BAT Pin Supply Current vs Temperature VBAT = 4.2V, VIN Pin Not Powered or Charger Disabled 2000 Charger Enabled 1500 1000 Charger Disabled 500 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 Figure 24. VIN Pin Supply Current vs Temperature VIN = 5.0V DET Pin Output Voltage (V) BAT Pin Supply Current (µA) Figure 22. Recharge Voltage Threshold vs Temperature RISET = 7.9kΩ, VIN = 5.0V 2500 5.00 4.95 4.90 4.85 4.80 4.75 4.70 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 Figure 25. DET Pin Output Voltage vs Temperature VIN = 5.2V, IDET = 10mA, IBAT = 0mA 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 11 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION The 34675 is a fully-integrated Li-Ion and Li-Polymer battery charger, with a 4.85V/10mA linear regulator in a tiny package. It uses current, voltage, and temperature control loops to regulate the charge current. It has up to a 28V input voltage rating, which makes the handheld device safe even when connected to a wrong AC adapter. In addition, it provides a 4.85V/10mA linear regulator. The 34675 requires only two external capacitors and one resistor to build a fully functional charger for space-limited applications such as cell phones, Bluetooth accessories and MP3 players. Its ultra high accuracy voltage (±0.7%) and temperature limited charging current, offer additional battery safety during charging. The CC current can be programmed with an external resistor (RISET). The voltage across this resistor is proportional to the charge current, so the system can monitor the charge current during the whole charge cycle. The EOC threshold is preset to 10% of the CC mode current. For a deeply discharged battery with a voltage lower than 2.7V, the 34675 charges the battery with a trickle-mode current, which is 20% of the CC mode current. The linear regulator provides 4.85V with 10mA capability. The output is turned on when the input voltage is above the POR threshold, but lower than the OVP threshold. The Linear regulator is independent. It is not related to any signals of the charger, including the enable input pin. Two indication outputs make it easy to report the input power status and the charge status to MCUs, or users via LEDs. FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION INPUT SUPPLY (VIN) LINEAR REGULATOR OUTPUT (DET) The supply input. This pin should be bypassed to ground with a 1.0μF capacitor. The linear regulator output. The output voltage is typically 4.85V. The output current capability is 10mA. Bypass this pin to ground with a ceramic capacitor between 0.1μF and 1.0μF. POWER PRESENT INDICATOR (PPR) Open-drain logic output to indicate the status of the supply input voltage. The PPR pin output is singularly determined by the input voltage.The output is pulled low if VIN is higher than VPOR. This pin is capable of sinking at least 9.0mA of current to drive an LED indicator. CHARGE INDICATOR (CHG) Open-drain logic output to indicate the charge status. The output is low when the 34675 is charging, until the EOC conditions are reached. This pin is capable of sinking at least 9.0mA of current to drive a LED indicator. ENABLE (EN) Active low enable logic Input. This pin is internally pulled to ground by a weak current source. When left floating, the charger is enabled. Pulling this pin to a high voltage externally disables the charger. GROUND (GND) Ground. CC MODE CURRENT SETTING AND CHARGE CURRENT MONITOR (ISET) The CC mode current, ICHG, is programmed by connecting a resistor, RISET, between this pin and ground. When charging in the CC mode, the voltage at this pin is 1.0V. The voltage reduces proportionally as the charge current reduces in the CV mode. During the whole charge cycle, the voltage at this pin can be used to monitor the charge current, using the following equation: V ISET I BAT = -------------- ⋅ I CHG 1.0V where IBAT is the actual charge current, ICHG is the programmed CC mode current, and VISET is the voltage of the ISET pin during the whole charge cycle. CHARGER OUTPUT (BAT) Charger output pin. Connect this pin to the battery being charged. Bypass to ground with a 2.2μF or higher capacitor. EXPOSED PAD (EPAD) Exposed pad. This must be soldered to the large ground plane on the PCB to enhance the thermal conductivity. The pad must be connected to GND electrically. 34675 12 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION MC34675 - Functional Block Diagram Outputs Integrated Supply Internal Supply & Reference Sensing & Control VIN Monitor Charge Control Power MOSFET End of Charge Current Setting Current Monitor VIN - BAT Comparator Die Temperature Feedback Linear Regulator Logic Logic Control Status Indication Integrated Supply Sensing & Control Logic Outputs Figure 26. 34675 Functional Internal Block Diagram INTEGRATED SUPPLY Charge Control Internal Supply and Reference The charge control block controls the gate voltage of the power MOSFET to regulate the charge current, the battery voltage, or the die temperature. It can also completely turn off the power MOSFET, to stop the current flow between the input and the battery. Additionally, monitoring of the charge current and the charger output voltage determines the tricklecharge mode and the recharge cycle. This block steps down the high input voltage to a lower voltage which powers all the internal blocks. In addition, this block generates the reference voltage for the charge-control block. SENSING & CONTROL VIN (Input Voltage) Monitor The input voltage monitor block monitors the input voltage for two thresholds, power-on-reset (POR) and over-voltage protection (OVP). If the input is lower than the POR or higher than the OVP threshold, this block outputs a logic signal to disable the charger and the linear regulator. Current Setting & Monitor This block sets the charge current in the constant-current mode, and monitors the actual charge current during the whole charge cycle. EOC (End of Charge) The EOC block monitors the charge current and the battery voltage for the EOC conditions. Once the EOC conditions are reached, this block outputs a logic signal to indicate the end of the charge. VIN-BAT Comparator The VIN-BAT comparator monitors the voltage difference between the input voltage and the battery voltage. The input voltage has to be higher than the battery voltage for the charger to be enabled. If the input voltage falls below the battery voltage, this block outputs a signal to disable the charger to prevent the leakage current from the battery to the input. 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 13 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION Die-Temperature feedback The die temperature feedback block monitors the die temperature. Once the die temperature reaches the threshold temperature, this charge control block can reduce the charge current to prevent further die temperature rise. LOGIC Logic Control and Status Indication The logic control block determines the on and off of the charger and indicates the charger status. It takes the signals from the input voltage monitor, VIN-BAT comparator, EOC, and the external enable signal, and determines the on and off states as well as the charge status indication outputs of the charger (CHG and PPR). OUTPUTS Power MOSFET The power MOSFET passes the charging current from the input to the output. Linear Regulator The linear regulator outputs a regulated 4.85V from the input voltage with 10mA current capability. If the Input Voltage Monitor detects that the input voltage is lower than the POR or higher than the OVP threshold, the linear regulator is disabled. No other signal can control the linear regulator. 34675 14 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES After the charge cycle is completed, the 34675 continues to regulate and monitor the output to 4.2V. If a load is connected in parallel with the battery, the 34675 will ensure that the charger continues to supply the charge current, even if the charge cycle is completed. If the load current exceeds the preprogrammed CC mode current, the battery will supply the additional current to the load, thereby reducing the battery voltage. Once the battery voltage drops below the recharge voltage, the 34675 returns to the fast charge mode and indicates a logic low at the CHG pin. CHARGE CYCLE The 34675 uses the standard charge profile with trickle, constant-current (CC), and constant-voltage (CV) charge modes, as shown in Figure 27. Both the CC and the CV charge modes are also called fast-charge mode. When the input voltage rises above an internal power-on-reset threshold, the PPR pin outputs a low voltage to indicate the power-supply presence. The charger starts with the tricklecharge mode until the battery voltage is above 2.7V. The CHG pin outputs logic low voltage at the beginning of the trickle-charge mode. If the battery voltage is unable to rise due to a battery failure, charging will remain in the tricklecharge mode. When the battery voltage reaches the 2.7V threshold, the 34675 softly changes to the CC mode. The soft transition minimizes the input-voltage drop and reduces the requirement of the input decoupling capacitance. When the battery voltage reaches 4.2V, the 34675 enters the CV mode and regulates the output voltage at 4.2V. The charge current decreases gradually in the CV mode. When the current drops to the EOC current threshold, the 34675 outputs logic high level at the CHG pin to indicate that the charging is completed. Trickle Constant Current 1. VIN > VOVP 2. VIN-VBAT < VOS 3. EN pin is high where VOS is the offset voltage for the comparator that monitors the input and the battery voltages Figure 29 shows the complete charge cycle state diagram. ILOAD >ICHG Constant Voltage 4.2V ICHG 2.7V When one of the following three conditions happens, the 34675 stops charging and enters disable mode. Battery Voltage 100mV Charge Current ITRKL IEOC TIME CHG TIME Figure 27. Charge Profile CHARGE CURRENT SETTING An external resistor between the ISET pin and ground sets the CC mode current with the following equation: 4000 I CHG = -------------R ISET where RISET is the resistor between the ISET pin and ground in Ω. ICHG is in Amps. In addition, the current out of the ISET pin is proportional to the charge current. The system may measure the ISET pin voltage to monitor the actual charge current during the whole charging cycle, using the following equation: 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 15 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES INPUT POWER PRESENCE INDICATOR V ISET I BAT = -------------- ⋅ I CHG 1.0V CHARGE CURRENT LIMITATION The charge current is limited by multiple factors. When the voltage difference between the input and the battery (VIN-VBAT) is low, (VIN - VBAT) / RDS(ON), where RDS(ON) is the on resistance of the power MOSFET, may be less than the programmed CC mode current ICHG. In this case, the charge current is limited by (VIN - VBAT) / RDS(ON). When the voltage difference between the input and the battery is too high, the large power dissipation may lead to the charge current thermal foldback operation, due to the die temperature regulation. The charge current is reduced to prevent further temperature rise (See Charge Current Thermal Foldback section for more information). When VIN is applied and the voltage is above the poweron-reset voltage threshold (VPOR), the PPR pin outputs a low voltage to indicate the input-power presence. The PPR output is only controlled by the input voltage. All other functions, such as the EN pin, the over-voltage protection, and the VIN-BAT comparator, do not affect the PPR output. The PPR pin is capable of sinking at least 9.0mA of current when outputting a low voltage to drive an external LED. CHARGE STATUS INDICATORS The 34675 has one charge-status indicator, CHG. CHG outputs a low voltage when the charger is enabled and the charging is in progress. When the charge cycle completes, CHG outputs high-impedance. If the charger is disabled or the input voltage is out of the power-good range, the CHG pin outputs a high-impedance as well. The CHG pin has at least 9.0mA current-sinking capability to drive an external LED, the same as the PPR pin. DC INPUT VOLTAGE CHARGE CURRENT THERMAL FOLDBACK The 34675 accepts up to a 28V DC input. When all of the following conditions are satisfied, the input is in a power-good range for the charger to start charging. The conditions include: An internal thermal feedback loop begins to reduce the charge current, when the die temperature reaches 120°C, to prevent further temperature rise. This feature protects the 34675 from over-temperature failure, and allows the user to push the limits of the power-handling capability of a given circuit board, without the risk of damaging the 34675. The charge current can be programmed according to the typical (not the worst case) ambient temperature, with the assurance that the charger will automatically reduce the current in worst case conditions. 1. VIN > VPOR 2. VIN -VBAT > VOS 3. VIN < VOVP where VOS is the offset voltage for the comparator that monitors the input and the battery voltages. The VOS is for preventing the reverse leakage current from the battery when the external power supply is off. VOVP is the over-voltage protection threshold. When the DC input voltage is above the over-voltage protection threshold, the charger is disabled internally. The 28V input voltage rating eliminates the need of any additional input over-voltage protection circuitry. CHARGE-ENABLE INPUT The charge-enable input, EN, has a weak internal pulldown current. Driving it to a low voltage, leaving it float, or shorting it to ground, will enable the charger if the input voltage is in the power-good range. Whenever the EN pin is driven to a high voltage, the charger is disabled. When the charger is disabled, the BAT pin does not output voltage and current, the leakage current into the BAT pin is less than 1.0μA, the output of the CHG pin is high, and the voltage at the ISET pin is zero. If the input voltage is in the power-good range when the charger is disabled, the output of the PPR is still low to indicate the input voltage status and the DET pin outputs voltage as well. LINEAR REGULATOR The linear regulator provides a 4.85V output with 10mA current capability. The output is turned on when the input voltage is above the POR threshold but lower than the OVP threshold. The output is independent of any other signals in the charger, such as the enable (EN) input. When the input reaches the rising POR threshold, the DET output starts to output a voltage, but is in the dropout mode. The output voltage is determined by the dropout voltage. As the input voltage rises above the regulation voltage, the output is regulated at 4.85V. When the input voltage further rises above the OVP rising threshold, the linear regulator is turned off, and the output voltage drops to zero with an internal 200kΩ pull-down resistor. The output voltage resumes to 4.85V when the input voltage falls below the OVP falling threshold. The output voltage versus the input voltage is shown in Figure 28, where the VPORR and VPORF are the POR rising and falling threshold. The VOVPR and VOVPF are the OVP rising and falling threshold. An output decoupling capacitor of 0.1μF to 1.0μF is required between the DET pin and ground for the stability of the linear regulator. 34675 16 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION CHARGE STATE DIAGRAM VIN VOVPR VPORR VOVPF 4.85V VDET VPORF Figure 28. DET Pin Output Voltage vs Input Voltage CHARGE STATE DIAGRAM PWR OFF VIN<VPOR Charger: OFF VIN>VPOR EN=high or VIN>VOVP or VIN<VBAT+VOS SHUTDOWN Charger: OFF EN=low and VIN<VOVP and VIN>VBAT+VOS VBAT < 2.7V TRICKLE CHARGE VBAT > 2.7V Charger: ON VBAT < 2.7V FAST CHARGE Charger: ON VBAT=4.2V and IBAT < IEOC VBAT<4.10V CHARGE COMPLETE Charger: ON Figure 29. Charge Cycle State Diagram 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 17 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS APPLICATION INFORMATION TYPICAL APPLICATIONS APPLICATION INFORMATION INPUT CAPACITOR the power MOSFET. The worst case of the RDS(ON) is 475mΩ. The input voltage should be at least higher than VBAT + ICHG x 475mΩ, to guarantee the programmed CC mode current. The input capacitor is used to reduce the input voltage transient, which may cause instability when the input voltage is near VBAT+VOS. A 1.0μF, X5R, 16V rated ceramic capacitor is recommended for most applications. USE DET AS POWER PRESENCE INTERRUPT OUTPUT CAPACITOR Some cell phone designs require an active-high power presence indication signal, to turn on an originally-off phone, when an ac/dc adapter is plugged in. The DET output can be used for such a purpose, instead of the PPR pin. For stable operation, an X5R ceramic capacitor with a minimum 2.2μF nominal value is recommended at the charger output. Depending on the load transient current, a larger capacitance may be required. The linear regulator is designed to be stable with a ceramic capacitor of 0.1μF through 1.0μF. An X5R ceramic capacitor of 0.22μF is recommended for the application. THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS The 34675 is available in a tiny 2x3 thermally-enhanced UDFN package. A careful thermal design must be considered. The exposed pad needs to be well soldered to a large copper ground plane on the component layer. If the component layer is space limited and does not allow for a large copper plane, the thermal pad must be connected to other ground layers through a via array. This allows the 34675 to charge the battery with the maximum current, while minimizing the die temperature. CC MODE CURRENT SETTING The CC mode current can be programmed by the external resistor, RISET. A 1% accuracy resistor is recommended to guarantee 6% current accuracy. DROPOUT VOLTAGE If the DC input voltage is too low, it may not maintain the programmed charge current due to the voltage dropout over TYPICAL APPLICATIONS CHARGER IN THE HANDHELD SYSTEM the CHG pin to the MCU. The MCU can also monitor the charge current by measuring the voltage at the ISET pin. The linear regulator powers subsystems, such as a USB transceiver, that require a voltage higher than 4.5V. Figure 30 is the typical application circuit. When the charger is used in handheld systems with MCU control, the 34675 uses PPR to report the DC input status to the MCU. After the MCU pulls the EN pin to a low logic level to start charging, the 34675 reports the charge status through DC Input BAT VIN 1.0µF 2.2µF VIO Li+ GND 100K MC34675 ISET 100K CHG MCU PPR 8.06K EN OFF ON DET USB Xcvr 0.22µF Figure 30. Li+ Battery Charger in Handheld System 34675 18 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor PACKAGING PACKAGE DIMENSIONS PACKAGING PACKAGE DIMENSIONS For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the “98A” listed below. EP SUFFIX 8-PIN 98ASA10774D REVISION 0 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 19 PACKAGING PACKAGING DIMENSIONS (CONTINUED) PACKAGING DIMENSIONS (CONTINUED) EP SUFFIX 8-PIN 98ASA10774D REVISION 0 34675 20 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor PACKAGING PACKAGING DIMENSIONS (CONTINUED PACKAGING DIMENSIONS (CONTINUED EP SUFFIX 8-PIN 98ASA10774D REVISION 0 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 21 PACKAGING 34675 22 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor REVISION HISTORY REVISION HISTORY REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES 1.0 4/2008 • Initial Release 2.0 4/2008 • Added Tape & Reel positioning drawing 3.0 4/2008 • Deleted Tape & Reel positioning drawing 34675 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 23 How to Reach Us: Home Page: www.freescale.com Web Support: http://www.freescale.com/support USA/Europe or Locations Not Listed: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 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