TL1431 Programmable Voltage Reference ■ Adjustable output voltage: VREF to 36V ■ Sink current capability: 1 to 100mA ■ Typical output impedance: 0.22Ω ■ 0.4% and 0.25% voltage precision Z TO92 (Plastic Package) Description The TL1431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire temperature range of operation. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5V and 36V with two external resistors. D SO-8 (Batwing Plastic Micropackage) The TL1431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.2Ω. Order Codes Part Number Temperature Range Package Packing TL1431CD/CDT Marking 1431C SO-8 TL1431ACD/ACDT TL1431CZ/CZT/CZ-AP 1431AC -20, +70°C TL1431C TO92 TL1431ACZ/ACZT/ACZAP TL1431AC Tube or Tape & Reel TL1431ID/IDT 1431I SO-8 TL1431AID/AIDT TL1431IZ/IZT/IZ-AP 1431AI TL1431I -40, + 105°C TO92 TL1431AIZ/AIZT/AIZ-AP TL1431IYD/IYDT November 2005 TL1431AI SO-8 (automotive grade level) 1431IY Rev 2 1/13 www.st.com 13 Pin Diagrams 1 TL1431 Pin Diagrams Figure 1. TO92 pin connections (top view) Cathode Anode Reference 1 Figure 2. 2 3 SO-8 pin connections (top view) 8 7 6 5 1 - Cathode 2 - Anode 3 - Anode 4 - N.C. 5 - N.C. 6 - Anode 7 - Anode 8 - Reference 1 2/13 2 3 4 TL1431 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 1. Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings Symbol VKA Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Value Unit 37 V Ik Continuous Cathode Current Range -100 to +150 mA Iref Reference Input Current Range -0.05 to +10 mA TJ Junction temperature +150 °C 625 960 mW -65 to +150 °C Power Dissipation (1) Pd Tstg TO92 SO-8 batwing Storage Temperature Range 1. Calculated with TJ=+150°C and TAMB=+25°C with relative RTHJ-A depending on the package Table 2. Operating conditions Symbol VKA Ik Parameter Value Unit Cathode to Anode Voltage Vref to 36 V Cathode Current 1 to 100 mA -200 to +70 -40 to +105 °C 130 200 °C/W Operating Free-air Temperature Range Toper TL1431C/AC TL1431I/AI Thermal resistance Junction to Ambient RTHJ-A SO 8 Batwing TO92 3/13 Electrical Characteristics 3 TL1431 Electrical Characteristics Table 3. Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL1431C Symbol Unit Min. Vref ∆Vref ∆Vref ---------------∆Vka Iref Typ. Imin Ioff ⏐ZKA⏐ Min. Typ. Max. V 2.490 2.500 2.510 2.493 2.500 2.507 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature Range (1) - figure 1 mV 3 20 3 20 ±13 ±90 ±13 ±90 Temperature Coefficient of Reference Input Voltage (2) ppm/°C VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - figure 2 mV/V Ik = 10mA - ∆VKA = 36V to 3V -2 Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ -1.1 1.5 Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax ∆Iref Max. Reference Input Voltage - figure 1 VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax ∆Vref ---------------∆T TL1431AC Parameter -2 2.5 3 -1.1 1.5 2.5 3 Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range µA Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax 0.2 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.5 1 0.5 0.6 180 500 180 500 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation - figure 1 VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current - figure 3 Dynamic Impedance VKA = Vref , ∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ V ref max. V ref min. Temperature T2 T1 The temperature coefficient is defined as the slopes (positive and negative) of the voltage vs temperature limits within which the reference is guaranteed. -n Max 2.5V min ppm /°C C pm/° +n p Temperature 25°C 3. The dynamic Impedance is definied as |ZKA| = 4/13 mA nA (3) 1. ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. 2. µA ∆VKA ----------------∆IK Ω TL1431 Table 4. Electrical Characteristics Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL1431I Symbol Unit Min. Vref TL1431AI Parameter Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Reference Input Voltage - figure 1 V 2.490 2.500 2.510 2.493 2.500 2.507 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over ∆Vref Temperature Range (1) - figure 1 mV VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax ∆Vref ---------------∆T ∆Vref ---------------∆Vka Iref 7 30 7 30 ±22 ±100 ±22 ±100 -1.1 2 -1.1 2 1.5 2.5 3 1.5 2.5 3 Temperature Coefficient of Reference Input Voltage (2) ppm/°C VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - figure 2 mV/V Ik = 10mA - ∆VKA = 36V to 3V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax ∆Iref Imin Ioff ⏐ZKA⏐ Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range µA Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax 0.5 1 0.8 1.2 0.5 1 0.5 0.7 180 500 180 500 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation - figure 1 VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current - figure 3 Dynamic Impedance µA mA nA (3) VKA = Vref , ∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ Ω 1. ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. 2. Temperature T2 T1 The temperature coefficient is defined as the slopes (positive and negative) of the voltage vs temperature limits within which the reference is guaranteed. -n Max 2.5V min ppm /°C C pm/° +n p Temperature 25°C 3. The dynamic Impedance is definied as|ZKA| = ∆VKA ----------------∆IK 5/13 Electrical Characteristics Figure 3. TL1431 Test circuit for VKA = VREF Figure 4. Test circuit for V KA = VREF Input Input R Output R Output IK R1 IK=10mA VKA IREF R2 VKA VREF VREF R1 VKA = VREF ( 1 + -------- ) + R1 x IREF R2 Figure 5. Test circuit for IOFF Figure 6. Test circuit for phase margin and voltage gain VKA=36V 10µF 10µF Figure 7. Block diagram of TL1431 Figure 8. Output 8.25kΩ Input IK=10mA 15kΩ IOFF VREF Test circuit for response time Cathode Vref Anode 6/13 IK=1mA + 1 mA 0 mA Output Vref TL1431 Figure 9. Electrical Characteristics Reference voltage vs. temp. Figure 10. Reference voltage vs. cathode current 3 2.498 Reference voltage (V) Reference voltage (V) 2.500 2.496 2.494 2.492 IK=10 mA VKA=VREF=2.5 V See figure 1 2.490 2.488 2.486 -40 2 VKA=VREF See figure 1 1 0 -1 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -40 -20 0 Temperature (°C) 20 40 60 80 100 Cathode current (mA) Figure 11. Reference voltage vs. cathode current Figure 12. Reference current vs. temp. 2.0 2.5 1.5 2.0 IREF (µA) Reference voltage (V) 3.0 VKA=VREF See figure 1 1.5 1.0 1.0 IK=10 mA VKA=VREF See figure 1 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 -40 1.0 -20 0 Cathode current (mA) 60 80 100 120 Figure 14. Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA vs. temp. 0.10 0.0 ∆VREF / ∆VKA (mV / V) VKA = 36V See figure 3 0.08 IOFF (µA) 40 Temperature (°C) Figure 13. Off-state cathode current vs. temp. 0.06 0.04 IK=10 mA VKA=VREF See figure 2 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 0.02 0.00 -40 20 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature(°C) 80 100 120 -2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (°C) 7/13 Electrical Characteristics TL1431 Figure 15. Drfit of RKA vs. temp. Figure 16. Maximum operating current vs. temp. 0.52 0.00 0.48 IMIN (mA) ∆ RKA ( Ω) 0.50 IK=10 mA VKA=VREF= 2.5V see figure 1 -0.01 -0.02 IK=IMIN VKA=VREF See figure 1 0.46 0.44 -0.03 0.42 -0.04 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.40 -40 120 -20 0 20 Figure 17. Gain & phase vs. frequency 0 -50 Phase (°) Gain (dB) 50 Phase 0 VKA=5V 60 Stable Area 10 100 VKA=12V 40 VKA=24V -200 10000 1000 Stable Area Instable Area 20 -150 1 120 80 -100 -20 -40 100 VKA=VREF 150 100 20 80 100 Cathode current (mA) IK=10 mA See figure 4 40 60 Figure 18. Stability behaviour with capacitive loads 200 60 Gain 40 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) 0 1E-10 Frequency (kHz) 1E-9 1E-8 1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 Capacitive Load (F) Figure 19. Maximum power dissipation Figure 20. Pulse response for I K = 1mA 6 100 Current step: 1 mA 80 Voltage (V) Cathode current (mA) TAMB= +25°C SO8 Batwing 60 TO92 40 20 0 TAMB=+25°C See figure 6 Output voltage 2 Safe Area 10 4 20 Cathode voltage (V) 30 0 0 1 2 3 Time (µs) 8/13 4 5 TL1431 4 Package Mechanical Data Package Mechanical Data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 4.1 SO-8 Batwing Package SO-8 MECHANICAL DATA DIM. mm. MIN. TYP inch MAX. MIN. TYP. 0.053 0.069 MAX. A 1.35 1.75 A1 0.10 0.25 0.04 0.010 A2 1.10 1.65 0.043 0.065 B 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020 C 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 D 4.80 5.00 0.189 0.197 E 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157 e 1.27 0.050 H 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244 h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.020 L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 k ddd 8˚ (max.) 0.1 0.04 0016023/C 9/13 Package Mechanical Data 4.2 TL1431 TO92 (Tape & Reel) Package TO-92 MECHANICA DATA mm. mils DIM. MIN. TYP MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. A 4.32 4.95 170.1 194.9 b 0.36 0.51 14.2 20.1 D 4.45 4.95 175.2 194.9 E 3.30 3.94 129.9 155.1 e 2.41 2.67 94.9 105.1 e1 1.14 1.40 44.9 55.1 L 12.7 15.49 500.0 609.8 R 2.16 2.41 85.0 94.9 S1 0.92 1.52 36.2 59.8 W 0.41 0.56 16.1 22.0 0102782/C 10/13 TL1431 TO92 (Tape Ammo Pack) Package A1 P T P A H W2 W0 W L1 W1 H I1 H0 d H1 4.3 Package Mechanical Data D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 Millimeters Inches Dim. Min Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. AL 5.0 0.197 A 5.0 0.197 T 4.0 0.157 d 0.45 0.018 I1 2.5 0.098 P 11.7 12.7 13.7 0.461 0.500 0.539 PO 12.4 12.7 13 0.488 0.500 0.512 P2 5.95 6.35 6.75 0.234 0.250 0.266 F1/F2 2.4 2.5 2.8 0.094 0.098 0.110 ∆h -1 0 1 -0.039 0 0.039 ∆P -1 0 1 -0.039 0 0.039 W 17.5 18.0 19.0 0.689 0.709 0.748 W0 5.7 6 6.3 0.224 0.236 0.248 W1 8.5 9 9.75 0.335 0.354 0.384 W2 0.5 0.020 H 20 0.787 H0 15.5 16 H1 DO L1 16.5 0.610 0.630 25 3.8 4.0 4.2 11 0.650 0.984 0.150 0.157 0.165 0.433 11/13 Package Mechanical Data 4.4 TL1431 TO92 (Bulk) Package Millimeters Inches Dim. Min L 12/13 Typ. Max. Min. 1.27 Typ. Max. 0.05 B 3.2 3.7 4.2 0.126 0.1457 0.1654 O1 4.45 5.00 5.2 0.1752 0.1969 0.2047 C 4.58 5.03 5.33 0.1803 0.198 0.2098 K 12.7 O2 0.407 0.0197 0.02 a 0.35 0.5 0.5 0.508 0.016 0.0138 TL1431 5 Revision History Revision History Date Revision Changes March 2002 1 Initial release. Nov. 2005 2 PPAP references inserted in the datasheet see Table : Order Codes on page 1 . 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