STMICROELECTRONICS TL431IYD

TL431
Programmable Voltage Reference
■
Adjustable output voltage: 2.5 to 36V
■
Sink current capability: 1 to 100mA
■
Typical output impedance: 0.22Ω
■
1% and 2% voltage precision
Z
TO92
(Plastic Package)
Description
The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage
reference with guaranteed temperature stability
over the entire temperature range of operation.
The output voltage may be set to any value
between 2.5V and 36V with two external resistors.
D
SO-8
(Plastic Micropackage)
The TL431 operates with a wide current range
from 1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic
impedance of 0.22Ω.
Order Codes
Part Number
Temperature
Range
Package
Packing
TL431CD/CDT
Marking
431C
SO-8
TL431ACD/ACDT
431AC
0, +70°C
TL431CZ/CZT/CZ-AP
TL431C
TO92
TL431ACZ/ACZT/ACZ-AP
TL431AC
TL431ID/IDT
431I
SO-8
TL431AID/AIDT
Tube or Tape & Reel
431AI
TL431IZ/IZT/IZ-AP
TL431I
-40, + 105°C
TO92
TL431AIZ/AIZT/AIZ-AP
TL431AI
TL431IYD/IYDT
431IY
SO-8 (automotive grade level)
TL431AIYD/AIYDT
November 2005
431AIY
Rev 2
1/13
www.st.com
13
Pin Diagrams
1
TL431
Pin Diagrams
Figure 1.
TO92 pin connections (top view)
Cathode Anode Reference
1
Figure 2.
2
3
SO-8 pin connections (top view)
8
7
6
5
1 - Cathode
2 - Anode
3 - Anode
4 - N.C.
5 - N.C.
6 - Anode
7 - Anode
8 - Reference
1
2/13
2
3
4
TL431
2
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 1.
Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
VKA
Parameter
Cathode to Anode Voltage
Value
Unit
37
V
Ik
Continuous Cathode Current Range
-100 to +150
mA
Iref
Reference Input Current Range
-0.05 to +10
mA
625
960
mW
-65 to +150
°C
Value
Unit
Cathode to Anode Voltage
Vref to 36
V
Cathode Current
1 to 100
mA
0 to +70
-40 to +105
°C
Power Dissipation (1)
Pd
Tstg
TO92
SO-8 batwing
Storage Temperature Range
1. Pd is calculated with Tamb = +25°C, Tj = +150°C and
Rthja = 200°C/W for TO92 package
Rthja = 130°C/W for SO-8 batwing package
Table 2.
Operating conditions
Symbol
VKA
Ik
Parameter
Operating Free-air Temperature Range
Toper
TL431C/AC
TL431I/AI
3/13
Electrical Characteristics
3
TL431
Electrical Characteristics
Table 3.
Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
TL431C
TL431AC
Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Reference Input Voltage
Vref
2.44 2.495 2.55 2.47 2.495 2.52
2.423
2.567 2.453
2.537
VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25°C
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax
V
Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature
∆Vref
Range (1)
mV
VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax
∆Vref
-----------∆Vka
Iref
∆Iref
Imin
Ioff
⏐ZKA⏐
3
17
3
15
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
1.8
4
5.2
1.8
4
5.2
Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change
in Cathode to Anode Voltage
Ik = 10mA - ∆VKA = 10V to Vref
∆VKA = 36V to 10V
Reference Input Current
Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax
Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature
Range
0.4
1.2
0.4
1.2
0.5
1
0.5
0.6
2.6
1000
2.6
1000
0.22
0.5
0.22
0.5
Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation
VKA = Vref
Off-State Cathode Current
mA
nA
(2)
VKA = Vref , ∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ
1. ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range.
∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min.
V ref max.
V ref min.
T2
T1
2. The dynamic Impedance is definied as |ZKA| =
4/13
µA
µA
Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax
Dynamic Impedance
mV/V
∆VKA
----------------∆IK
Temperature
Ω
TL431
Electrical Characteristics
Table 4.
Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
TL431I
Unit
Min.
Reference Input Voltage
Vref
∆Vref
2.44
2.41
VKA = V ref , Ik = 10 mA, T amb = 25°C
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax
Typ.
2.49
5
Iref
∆Iref
Imin
Ioff
⏐ZKA⏐
Max.
Min.
2.55
2.58
2.47
2.44
Typ.
2.49
5
Max.
2.52
2.55
Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature
Range (1)
7
30
7
30
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
-1.4
-1
-2.7
-2
1.8
4
6.5
1.8
4
6.5
Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change
in Cathode to Anode Voltage
Ik = 10mA, ∆VKA = 10V to Vref
∆VKA = 36V to 10V
Reference Input Current
Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax
Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature
Range
Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞
Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax
Off-State Cathode Current
0.8
2.5
0.8
1.2
0.5
1
0.5
0.7
2.6
1000
2.6
1000
0.22
0.5
0.22
0.5
Dynamic Impedance (2)
VKA = V ref , ∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ
mV/V
µA
µA
Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation
VKA = V ref
V
mV
VKA = V ref , Ik =10 mA, Tmin ≤Tamb≤ Tmax
∆Vref
-----------∆Vka
TL431AI
mA
nA
Ω
1. ∆Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range.
∆Vref = Vref max. - Vref min.
V ref max.
V ref min.
T2
T1
2. The dynamic Impedance is definied as |ZKA| =
Temperature
∆VKA
----------------∆IK
5/13
Electrical Characteristics
Figure 3.
TL431
Test circuit for VKA = VREF
Figure 4.
Test circuit for V KA = VREF
Input
Input
R
Output
R
Output
IK
R1
IK=10mA
VKA
IREF
R2
VKA
VREF
VREF
R1
VKA = VREF ( 1 + -------- ) + R1 x IREF
R2
Figure 5.
Test circuit for IOFF
Figure 6.
Test circuit for phase margin and
voltage gain
VKA=36V
10µF
10µF
Figure 7.
Block diagram of TL1431
Figure 8.
Output
8.25kΩ
Input
IK=10mA
15kΩ
IOFF
VREF
Test circuit for response time
Cathode
Vref
Anode
6/13
IK=1mA
+
1 mA
0 mA
Output
Vref
TL431
Electrical Characteristics
Figure 9.
Reference voltage vs. temp.
Figure 10. Reference voltage vs. cathode current
100
Cathode current IKA (mA)
Cathode voltage VKA (V)
2.54
VKA = VREF
IK = 10 mA
2.52
2.50
2.48
2.46
2.44
-40
TAMB=+25°C
75
50
25
0
-25
-20
0
20
40
60
80
-50
100
-1
0
Temperature (°C)
1
2
3
Cathode voltage VKA (V)
Figure 11. Reference voltage vs. cathode current Figure 12. Reference current vs. temp.
2.0
Reference current IREF (µA)
Cathode current IKA (mA)
2
TAMB = +25°C
1
0
IK=10 mA
R1=10kΩ
R2= + ∝
1.5
1.0
0.5
-1
-2
-1
0
1
2
0.0
−40
3
−20
0
Figure 13. Off-state cathode current vs. temp.
60
80
100
0.0
VKA = 36 V
VREF = 0 V
∆VREF / ∆VKA (mV / V)
Off-state current IOFF (µA)
40
Figure 14. Ratio of change in VREF to change in
VKA vs. temp.
2.0
1.5
1.0
-0.5
IK = 10 mA
-1.0
-1.5
0.5
0.0
-40
20
Temperature °C
Cathode voltage VKA (V)
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
60
80
100
-2.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temperature (°C)
7/13
Electrical Characteristics
TL431
Figure 15. Static impedance RKA vs. temp.
Figure 16. Maximum operating current vs. temp.
0.6
Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA)
Static impedance RKA (Ω)
0.30
0.28
VKA=VREF
TAMB=+25°C
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
0.4
VKA = VREF
0.2
0.0
-40
100
-20
0
20
Figure 17. Gain & phase vs. frequency
0
-50
-100
Phase (°)
Gain (dB)
50
Phase
0
80
VKA=5 V
-150
1
10
100
-200
10000
1000
Instable
Area
60
-20
-40
100
VKA=VREF
100
20
80
100
150
Cathode current (mA)
IK=10 mA
See figure 4
40
60
Figure 18. Stability behaviour with capacitive
loads
200
60
Gain
40
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
40
VKA=12 V
20
VKA=24 V
0
1E-10
Frequency (kHz)
1E-9
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
Capacitive load (Farad)
Figure 19. Maximum power dissipation
Figure 20. Pulse response for IK = 1mA
6
Cathode current (mA)
TAMB= +25°C
SO8
Batwing
80
60
TO92
40
20
0
Safe
Area
Input
20
30
VKA=VREF
TAMB=+25°C
4
Output
2
0
10
Cathode voltage (V)
8/13
Input and Output voltage (V)
100
0
2
4
6
Time (µs)
8
10
TL431
4
Package Mechanical Data
Package Mechanical Data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages.
These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level
interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC
Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on
the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at:
www.st.com.
4.1
SO-8 Package
SO-8 MECHANICAL DATA
DIM.
mm.
MIN.
TYP
inch
MAX.
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
A
1.35
1.75
0.053
0.069
A1
0.10
0.25
0.04
0.010
A2
1.10
1.65
0.043
0.065
B
0.33
0.51
0.013
0.020
C
0.19
0.25
0.007
0.010
D
4.80
5.00
0.189
0.197
E
3.80
4.00
0.150
e
1.27
0.157
0.050
H
5.80
6.20
0.228
0.244
h
0.25
0.50
0.010
0.020
L
0.40
1.27
0.016
0.050
k
ddd
8˚ (max.)
0.1
0.04
0016023/C
9/13
Package Mechanical Data
4.2
TL431
TO92 (Tape & Reel) Package
TO-92 MECHANICA DATA
mm.
mils
DIM.
MIN.
TYP
MAX.
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
A
4.32
4.95
170.1
194.9
b
0.36
0.51
14.2
20.1
D
4.45
4.95
175.2
194.9
E
3.30
3.94
129.9
155.1
e
2.41
2.67
94.9
105.1
e1
1.14
1.40
44.9
55.1
L
12.7
15.49
500.0
609.8
R
2.16
2.41
85.0
94.9
S1
0.92
1.52
36.2
59.8
W
0.41
0.56
16.1
22.0
0102782/C
10/13
TL431
TO92 (Tape Ammo Pack) Package
A1
P
T
P
A
H
W2
W0
W
L1
W1
H
I1
H0
d
H1
4.3
Package Mechanical Data
D0
F1 F2
P2
P0
Millimeters
Inches
Dim.
Min
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
AL
5.0
0.197
A
5.0
0.197
T
4.0
0.157
d
0.45
0.018
I1
2.5
0.098
P
11.7
12.7
13.7
0.461
0.500
0.539
PO
12.4
12.7
13
0.488
0.500
0.512
P2
5.95
6.35
6.75
0.234
0.250
0.266
F1/F2
2.4
2.5
2.8
0.094
0.098
0.110
∆h
-1
0
1
-0.039
0
0.039
∆P
-1
0
1
-0.039
0
0.039
W
17.5
18.0
19.0
0.689
0.709
0.748
W0
5.7
6
6.3
0.224
0.236
0.248
W1
8.5
9
9.75
0.335
0.354
0.384
W2
0.5
0.020
H
20
0.787
H0
15.5
16
H1
DO
L1
16.5
0.610
0.630
25
3.8
4.0
4.2
11
0.650
0.984
0.150
0.157
0.165
0.433
11/13
Package Mechanical Data
4.4
TL431
TO92 (Bulk) Package
Millimeters
Inches
Dim.
Min
L
12/13
Typ.
Max.
Min.
1.27
Typ.
Max.
0.05
B
3.2
3.7
4.2
0.126
0.1457
0.1654
O1
4.45
5.00
5.2
0.1752
0.1969
0.2047
C
4.58
5.03
5.33
0.1803
0.198
0.2098
K
12.7
O2
0.407
0.0197
0.02
a
0.35
0.5
0.5
0.508
0.016
0.0138
TL431
5
Revision History
Revision History
Date
Revision
Changes
March 2002
1
Initial release.
Nov. 2005
2
PPAP references inserted in the datasheet see Table : Order Codes on
page 1 .
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13/13