TDK 73K222AL

73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103 Single-Chip
Modem with Integrated Hybrid
April 2000
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The 73K222BL is a highly integrated single-chip
modem IC which provides the functions needed to
construct a CCITT V.22, V.21, Bell 212A and Bell
103, compatible modem, capable of 1200 bit/s fullduplex operation over dial-up lines. The 73K222BL
is an enhancement of the 73K222AL single-chip
modem which adds the hybrid hook switch control,
and driver to the 73K222AL. In Bell 212A mode, the
73K222BL provides the normal Bell 212A and Bell
103 functions and employs a 2225 Hz answer tone.
The 73K222BL in V.22 mode produces either 550 or
1800 Hz guard tone, recognizes and generates a
2100 Hz answer tone, and allows 600 bit/s V.22 or
0-300 bit/s V.21 operation. The device integrates
analog, digital, and switched-capacitor array
functions on a single substrate, offering excellent
performance and a high level of functional
integration in a 32-Lead PLCC and 44-Lead TQFP
package. It operates from a single +5 V supply.
•
Includes features of 73K222AL single-chip
modem
One-chip CCITT V.22, V.21, Bell 212A and Bell
103 standard compatible modem data pump
Full-duplex operation at 0-300 bit/s (FSK) or
600 and 1200 bit/s (DPSK)
On chip 2-wire/4-wire hybrid driver and offhook relay buffer driver
Serial or parallel microcontroller control
interface
Interfaces
directly
with
standard
microcontroller (8048, 80C51 typical)
Serial port for data transfer
Both synchronous and asynchronous modes
of operation including V.22 extended
overspeed
Call progress, carrier, precise answer tone
(2100 or 2225 Hz), and long loop detectors
DTMF, and 550 or 1800 Hz guard tone
generators
Test modes available: ALB, DL, RDL, Mark,
Space, Alternating bit patterns
Precise automatic gain control allows 45 dB
dynamic range
CMOS technology for low power consumption
using 60 mW @ 5 V
Single +5 V supply
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The 73K222BL includes the DPSK and FSK
modulator/demodulator functions, call progress and
handshake tone monitor and a tone generator
capable of tones required for European applications.
This device supports V.22 (except mode v) and V. 21
modes of operation, allowing both synchronous and
asynchronous communication. Test features such as
analog loop, digital loop, and remote digital loopback
are supported. Internal pattern generators are also
included for self-testing.
(continued)
•
•
•
•
•
BLOCK DIAGRAM
OH
AD0-AD7
RD
WR
ALE
CS
RESET
DATA
BUS
BUFFER
DTMF &
TONE
GENERATORS
8-BIT
BUS
FSK
MODULATOR/
DEMODULATOR
FOR
READ
WRITE
CONTROL
LOGIC
CONTROL
DIGITAL
PROCESSING
AND
PSK
MODULATOR/
DEMODULATOR
STATUS
SMART
DIALING
&
DETECT
FUNCTIONS
TESTS:
ALB, DLB
RDLB
PATTERNS
POWER
XTL2
XTL1
CLK
GND
VREF
VDD
ISET
CLOCK
GENERATOR
EXCLK
RXD
SERIAL
PORT
FOR
DATA
TXCLK
TXD
STATUS
AND
CONTROL
LOGIC
RXCLK
INT
TRANSMIT
FILTER
RECEIVE
FILTER
TXA1
2W/4W
HYBRID
TXA2
RXA
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DESCRIPTION (continued)
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The 73K222BL is designed to appear to the systems
designer as a microprocessor peripheral, and will
easily
interface
with
popular
one-chip
microprocessors (80C51 typical) for control of
modem functions through its 8-bit multiplexed
address/data bus. An ALE control line simplifies
address demultiplexing. Data communications
occurs through a separate serial port only.
HYBRID AND RELAY DRIVER
To make designs more cost effective and space
efficient, the 73K222BL includes the 2-wire to 4-wire
hybrid with sufficient drive to interface directly to the
telecom coupling transformers. In addition, an off
hook relay driver with 40 mA drive capability is also
included to allow use of commonly available
mechanical telecom relays.
The 73K222BL is ideal for use in either free standing
or integral system modem products where fullduplex 1200 bit/s data communications over the 2wire switched telephone network is desired. Its high
functionality, low power consumption and efficient
packaging simplify design requirements and
increase system reliability. A complete modem
requires only the addition of the phone line interface,
a control microprocessor, and RS-232 level
converter for a typical system.
ASYNCHRONOUS MODE
Data transmission for the DPSK mode requires that
data ultimately be transmitted in a synchronous
fashion. The 73K222BL includes ASYNC/SYNC and
SYNC/ASYNC converters which delete or insert stop
bits in order to transmit data within a ±0.01% rate. In
asynchronous mode the serial data comes from the
TXD pin into the ASYNC/SYNC converter. The
ASYNC/SYNC converter accepts the data provided
on the TXD pin which normally must be 1200 or 600
bit/s +1.0%, -2.5%. The converter will then insert or
delete stop bits in order to output a signal which is
1200 or 600 bit/s ± 0.01% (± 0.01% is required
synchronous data rate accuracy).
The 73K222BL is part of TDK Semiconductor’s
K-Series family of single-chip modem products.
These devices allow systems to be configured for
higher speeds and Bell or CCITT operation with only
a single component change.
The serial data stream from the ASYNC/SYNC
converter is passed through the data scrambler and
onto the analog modulator. The data scrambler can
be bypassed under processor control when
unscrambled data must be transmitted. The
ASYNC/SYNC converter and the data scrambler are
bypassed in all FSK modes. If serial input data
contains a break signal through one character
(including start and stop bits) the break will be
extended to at least 2 • N + 3 bits long (where N is
the number of transmitted bits/character).
2
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
eventually decoded into di-bits and converted back
to a serial bit stream. The demodulator also recovers
the clock which was encoded into the analog signal
during modulation. Demodulation occurs using either
a 1200 Hz carrier (answer mode or ALB originate
mode) or a 2400 Hz carrier (originate mode or ALB
answer mode). The device uses a phase locked loop
coherent demodulation technique for optimum
receiver performance.
Serial data from the demodulator is passed first
through the data descrambler and then through the
SYNC/ASYNC
converter.
The
SYNC/ASYNC
converter will re-insert any deleted stop bits and
transmit output data at an intra-character rate (bit-tobit timing) of no greater than 1219 bit/s. An incoming
break signal (low through two characters) will be
passed through without incorrectly inserting a stop bit.
The SYNC/ASYNC converter also has an extended
overspeed mode which allows selection of an
overspeed range of either +1% or +2.3%. In the
extended overspeed mode, stop bits are output at
7/8 the normal width.
FSK MODULATOR/DEMODULATOR
The FSK modulator produces a frequency
modulated analog output signal using two discrete
frequencies to represent the binary data. In Bell 103,
the standard frequencies of 1270 and 1070 Hz
(originate, mark and space) or 2225 and 2025 Hz
(answer, mark and space) are used. V.21 mode
uses 980 and 1180 Hz (originate, mark and space),
or 1650 and 1850Hz (answer, mark and space).
Demodulation involves detecting the received
frequencies and decoding them into the appropriate
binary
value.
The
rate
converter
and
scrambler/descrambler are bypassed in the Bell 103
or V.21 modes.
SYNCHRONOUS MODE
The CCITT V.22 standard defines synchronous
operation at 600 and 1200 bit/s. The Bell 212A
standard defines synchronous operation only at
1200 bit/s. Operation is similar to that of the
asynchronous mode except that data must be
synchronized to a provided clock and no variation in
data transfer rate is allowable. Serial input data
appearing at TXD must be valid on the rising edge of
TXCLK.
TXCLK is an internally derived signal in internal
mode and is connected internally to the RXCLK pin
in slave mode. Receive data at the RXD pin is
clocked out on the falling edge of RXCLK. The
ASYNCH/SYNCH converter is bypassed when
synchronous mode is selected and data is
transmitted out at the same rate as it is input.
PASSBAND FILTERS AND EQUALIZERS
High and low band filters are included to shape the
amplitude and phase response of the transmit and
receive signals and provide compromise delay
equalization and rejection of out-of-band signals in
the receive channel. Amplitude and phase
equalization are necessary to compensate for
distortion of the transmission line and to reduce
intersymbol interference in the bandlimited receive
signal. The transmit signal filtering approximates a
75% square root of raised Cosine frequency
response characteristic.
DPSK MODULATOR/DEMODULATOR
The 73K222BL modulates a serial bit stream into
di-bit pairs that are represented by four possible
phase shifts as prescribed by the Bell 212A or V.22
standards. The baseband signal is then filtered to
reduce intersymbol interference on the bandlimited
2-wire telephone line. Transmission occurs using
either a 1200 Hz (originate mode) or 2400 Hz carrier
(answer mode). Demodulation is the reverse of the
modulation process, with the incoming analog signal
AGC
The automatic gain control maintains a signal level
at the input to the demodulators which is constant
to within 1 dB. It corrects quickly for increases in
signal which would cause clipping and provides a
total receiver dynamic range of > 45 dB.
(continued)
3
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued)
PARALLEL BUS INTERFACE
Four 8-bit registers are provided for control, option
select and status monitoring. These registers are
addressed with the AD0, AD1, and AD2 multiplexed
address lines (latched by ALE) and appear to a control
microprocessor as four consecutive memory locations.
Two control registers and the tone register are
read/write memory. The detect register is read only and
cannot be modified except by modem response to
monitored parameters.
SPECIAL DETECT CIRCUITRY
The special detect circuitry monitors the received
analog signal to determine status or presence of carrier,
call-progress tones, answer tone and weak received
signal (long loop condition). An unscrambled mark
request signal is also detected when the received data
out of the DPSK demodulator before the descrambler
has been high for 165.5 ms ± 6.5 ms minimum. The
appropriate detect register bit is set when one of these
conditions changes and an interrupt is generated for all
purposes except long loop. The interrupts are disabled
(masked) when the enable interrupt bit is set to 0.
DTMF GENERATOR
The DTMF generator will output one of 16 standard
tone pairs determined by a 4-bit binary value and TX
DTMF mode bit previously loaded into the tone register.
Tone generation is initiated when the DTMF mode is
selected using the tone register and the transmit enable
(CR0 bit D1) is changed from 0 to 1.
4
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
PIN DESCRIPTION
POWER
NAME
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
GND
1
I
System Ground
VDD
16
I
Power supply input, 5 V ±10%. Bypass with 0.1 and 22 µF capacitors to
GND.
VREF
31
O
An internally generated reference voltage. Bypass with 0.1 µF capacitor
to ground.
ISET
28
I
Chip current reference. Sets bias current for op-amps. The chip current is
set by connecting this pin to VDD through a 2 MΩ resistor. ISET should
be bypassed to GND with a 0.1 µF capacitor.
PARALLEL CONTROL INTERFACE
ALE
13
I
Address latch enable. The falling edge of ALE latches the address on
AD0-AD2 and the chip select on CS.
5-12
I/O
Tristate
Address/data bus. These bi-directional tri-state multiplexed lines carry
information to and from the internal registers.
CS
23
I
Chip select. A low on this pin during the falling edge of ALE allows a read
cycle or a write cycle to occur. AD0-AD7 will not be driven and no
registers will be written if CS (latched) is not active. The state of CS is
latched on the falling edge of ALE.
CLK
2
INT
20
O
Interrupt. This open drain output signal is used to inform the processor
that a detect flag has occurred. The processor must then read the detect
register to determine which detect triggered the interrupt. INT will stay low
until the processor reads the detect register or does a full reset.
RD
15
I
Read. A low requests a read of the 73K222BL internal registers. Data
cannot be output unless both RD and the latched CS are active or low.
RESET
30
I/with
Pulldown
Reset. An active high signal on this pin will put the chip into an inactive
state. All control register bits (CR0, CR1, Tone) will be reset. The output
of the CLK pin will be set to the crystal frequency. An internal pull-down
resistor permits power-on-reset using a capacitor to VDD.
AD0-AD7
O
Output clock. This pin is selectable under processor control to be either
the crystal frequency (for use as a processor clock) or 16 times the data
rate for use as a baud rate clock in DPSK modes only. The pin defaults
to the crystal frequency on reset.
5
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
PARALLEL CONTROL INTERFACE (continued)
NAME
PIN
TYPE
WR
14
I
DESCRIPTION
Write. A low on this pin informs the 73K222BL that data is available on
AD0-AD7 for writing into an internal register. Data is latched on the rising
edge of WR. No data is written unless both WR and the latched CS are
low.
SERIAL CONTROL INTERFACE
NAME
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
AD0-AD2
5-7
I
Register Address Selection. These lines carry register addresses and
should be valid during any read or write operation.
DATA (AD7)
12
I/O
Serial Control Data. Data for a read/write operation is clocked in or out on
the falling edge of the EXCLK pin. The direction of data flow is controlled
by the RD pin. RD low outputs data. RD high inputs data.
RD
15
I
Read. A low on this input informs the 73K222BL that data or status
information is being read by the processor. The falling edge of the RD
signal will initiate a read from the addressed register. The RD signal must
continue fort eight falling edges of EXCLK in order to read all eight bits of
the referenced register. Read data is provided LSB first. Data will not be
output unless the RD signal is active.
WR
14
I
Write. A low on this input informs the 73K222BL that data or status
information has been shifted in through the DATA pin and is available for
writing to an internal register. The normal procedure for a write is to shift
in data LSB first on the DATA pin for eight consecutive falling edges of
EXCLK and then to pulse WR low. Data is written on the rising edge of
WR.
NOTE: The serial control mode is provided by tying ALE high and CS low. In this configuration AD7 becomes
DATA and AD0, AD1 and AD2 become the address only.
6
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DTE USER
NAME
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
EXCLK
22
I
External Clock. This signal is used in synchronous transmission when the
external timing option has been selected. In the external timing mode the
rising edge of EXCLK is used to strobe synchronous DPSK transmit data
applied to on the TXD pin. Also used for serial control interface.
RXCLK
26
O
Receive Clock. The falling edge of this clock output is coincident with the
transitions in the serial received data output. The rising edge of RXCLK
can be used to latch the valid output data. RXCLK will be valid as long as
a carrier is present.
RXD
25
O/
Weak
Pull-up
Received Data Output. Serial receive data is available on this pin. The
data is always valid on the rising edge of RXCLK when in synchronous
mode. RXD will output constant marks if no carrier is detected.
TXCLK
21
O
Transmit Clock. This signal is used in synchronous transmission to latch
serial input data on the TXD pin. Data must be provided so that valid data
is available on the rising edge of the TXCLK. The transmit clock is derived
from different sources depending upon the synchronization mode
selection. In internal mode the clock is generated internally. In external
mode TXCLK is phase locked to the EXCLK pin. In slave mode TXCLK is
phase locked to the RXCLK pin. TXCLK is always active.
TXD
24
I
Transmit Data Input. Serial data for transmission is applied on this pin.
In synchronous modes, the data must be valid on the rising edge of the
TXCLK clock. In asynchronous modes (1200/600 bit/s or 300 baud) no
clocking is necessary. DPSK data must be 1200/600 bit/s +1%, -2.5%
or +2.3%, -2.5 % in extended over speed mode.
ANALOG INTERFACE AND OSCILLATOR
NAME
PIN
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
RXA
32
I
Received modulated analog signal input from the telephone line
interface.
TXA1
TXA2
18
17
O
Transmit analog output to the telephone line interface.
XTL1
XTL2
3
4
I
I
These pins are for the internal crystal oscillator requiring a 11.0592
MHz parallel mode crystal. Load capacitors should be connected from
XTL1 and XTL2 to ground. XTL2 can also be driven from an external
clock.
OH
27
O
Off-hook relay driver. This signal is an open drain output capable of
sinking 40 mA and is used for controlling a relay. The output is the
complement of the OH register bit in the ID Register.
7
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS
DR is the Detect Register which provides an
indication of monitored modem status conditions.
TR, the Tone Control Register, controls the DTMF
generator, answer and guard tones and RXD
output gate used in the modem initial connect
sequence. All registers are read/write except for
DR which is read only. Register control and status
bits are identified below:
Four 8-bit internal registers are accessible for
control and status monitoring. The registers are
accessed in read or write operations by
addressing AD0, AD1 and AD2 lines. The address
lines are latched by ALE. Register CR0 controls
the method by which data is transferred over the
phone line. CR1 controls the interface between the
microprocessor and the 73K222BL internal state.
REGISTER BIT SUMMARY
ADDRESS
REGISTER
CONTROL
REGISTER
0
CR0
DATA BIT NUMBER
AD2 - AD0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
000
MODULATION
OPTION
0
TRANSMIT
MODE
3
TRANSMIT
MODE
2
TRANSMIT
MODE
1
TRANSMIT
MODE
0
TRANSMIT
ENABLE
ORIGINATE/
ANSWER
0 = 1200 BIT/S DPSK
1 = 600 BIT/S DPSK
0 = BELL 103 FSK
1 = V.21 FSK
CONTROL
REGISTER
1
CR1
001
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
1
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
0
00 = TX DATA
01 = TX ALTERNATE
10 = TX MARK
11 = TX SPACE
DETECT
REGISTER
DR
010
X
0 = ANSWER
0 = DISABLE
TXA OUTPUT 1 = ORIGINATE
1 = ENABLE
TXA OUTPUT
0000 = PWR DOWN
0001 = INT SYNCH
0010 = EXT SYNCH
0011 = SLAVE SYNCH
0100 = ASYNCH 8 BITS/CHAR
0101 = ASYNCH 9 BITS/CHAR
0110 = ASYNCH 10 BITS/CHAR
0111 = ASYNCH 11 BITS/CHAR
1100 = FSK
X
ENABLE
DETECT
INTERRUPT
BYPASS
SCRAMBLER
0 = DISABLE
1 = ENABLE
0 = NORMAL
1 = BYPASS
SCRAMBLER
RECEIVE
DATA
UNSCR.
MARKS
CLK
CONTROL
0 = XTAL
1 = 16 X DATA
RATE OUTPUT
AT CLK PIN IN
DPSK MODE
ONLY
CARRIER
DETECT
OUTPUTS
RECEIVED
DATA STREAM
TONE
CONTROL
REGISTER
TR
011
RXD
OUTPUT
CONTROL
TRANSMIT
GUARD/
TONE
RXD PIN
0 = OFF
0 = NORMAL
1 = ON
1 = WEAK PULL-UP
ID
REGISTER
10
110
00XX = 73K212AL, 322L, 321L
01XX = 73K221AL, 302L
10XX = 73K222AL, 222BL
1100 = 73K224L, 224BL
1110 = 73K324L, 324BL
NOTE:
1
0
TRANSMIT
ANSWER
TONE
DTMF3
0 = Disable DTMF
1 = TX DTMF
X
OH
X = Undefined, mask in software
TEST
MODE
1
0 = NORMAL
1 = RESET
ANSWER
TONE
TEST
MODE
0
00 = NORMAL
01 = ANALOG LOOPBACK
10 = REMOTE DIGITAL
LOOPBACK
11 = LOCAL DIGITAL
LOOPBACK
CALL
PROGRESS
LONG
LOOP
0 = CONDITION NOT DETECTED
1 = CONDITION DETECTED
TRANSMIT
DTMF
0 = OFF
1 = ON
RESET
DTMF2
DTMF1/
OVERSPEED
4 BIT CODE FOR 1 OF 16
DUAL TONE COMBINATIONS
X
X
DTMF0/
GUARD/
ANSWER/
TONE
0 = 2225 Hz A.T.
1800 Hz G.T.
1 = 2100 Hz A.T.
500 Hz G.T.
X
X
0 = OH Relay driver open
1 = OH Open drain driver pulling low
When a register containing reserved control bits is written into, the reserved bits must be
programmed as 0's.
X = Undefined, mask in software
8
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
CONTROL REGISTER 0
CR0
000
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
MODUL.
0
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
ANSWER/
MODE 3
MODE 2
MODE 1
MODE 0
ENABLE
ORIGINATE
OPTION
BIT NO.
D0
D1
D5, D4, D3, D2
D6
D0
NAME
CONDITION
Answer/
Originate
0
Selects answer mode (transmit in high band, receive
in low band).
1
Selects originate mode (transmit in low band, receive in
high band).
0
Disables transmit output at TXA.
1
Enables transmit output at TXA.
Note: TX Enable must be set to 1 to allow Answer Tone
and DTMF Transmission as well as data carriers.
Transmit
Enable
Transmit
Mode
D5 D4
DESCRIPTION
D3 D2
Selects power-down mode. All functions disabled except
digital interface.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Internal synchronous mode. In this mode TXCLK is an
internally derived 1200 Hz signal. Serial input data
appearing at TXD must be valid on the rising edge of
TXCLK. Receive data is clocked out of RXD on the
falling edge of RXCLK.
0
0
1
0
External synchronous mode. Operation is identical to
internal synchronous, but TXCLK is connected internally
to EXCLK pin, and a 1200 Hz ± 0.01% clock must be
supplied externally.
0
0
1
1
Slave synchronous mode. Same operation as other
synchronous modes. TXCLK is connected internally to
the RXCLK pin in this mode.
0
1
0
0
Selects PSK asynchronous mode - 8 bits/character
(1 start bit, 6 data bits, 1 stop bit).
0
1
0
1
Selects PSK asynchronous mode - 9 bits/character
(1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 stop bit).
0
1
1
0
Selects PSK asynchronous mode - 10 bits/character
(1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit).
0
1
1
1
Selects PSK asynchronous mode - 11 bits/character
(1 start bit, 8 data bits, Parity and 1 or 2 stop bits).
1
1
0
0
Selects FSK operation.
0
Not used; must be written as a “0.”
9
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
CONTROL REGISTER 0 (continued)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
MODUL.
0
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT
ANSWER/
MODE 3
MODE 2
MODE 1
MODE 0
ENABLE
ORIGINATE
CR0
000
OPTION
BIT NO.
NAME
D7
Modulation
Option
CONDITION
DESCRIPTION
D7
D5
D4
Selects:
0
0
X
DPSK mode at 1200 bit/s.
1
0
X
DPSK mode at 600 bit/s.
0
1
1
FSK Bell 103 mode.
1
1
1
FSK CCITT V.21 mode.
X = Don’t care
CONTROL REGISTER 1
CR1
001
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
1
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
0
ENABLE
DETECT
INTER.
BYPASS
SCRAMB
CLK
CONTROL
BIT NO.
NAME
D1, D0
Test Mode
D2
D3
Reset
CLK Control
(Clock Control)
CONDITION
D2
D1
D0
RESET
TEST
MODE
1
TEST
MODE
0
DESCRIPTION
Selects normal operating mode
D1
D0
0
0
0
1
Analog loopback mode. Loops the transmitted analog
signal back to the receiver, and causes the receiver to
use the same center frequency as the transmitter. To
squelch the TXA pin, transmit enable must be forced
low.
1
0
Selects remote digital loopback. Received data is
looped back to transmit data internally, and RXD is
forced to a mark. Data on TXD is ignored.
1
1
Selects local digital loopback. Internally loops TXD
back to RXD and continues to transmit carrier from
TXA pin.
0
Selects normal operation.
1
Resets modem to power-down state. All
control register bits (CR0, CR1, TONE) are reset to
zero. The output of the CLK pin will be set to the
crystal frequency. This bit clears itself.
0
Selects 11.0592 MHz crystal echo output at CLK pin.
1
Selects 16 times the data rate, output at CLK pin in
DPSK modes only.
10
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
CONTROL REGISTER 1 (continued)
CR1
001
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
1
TRANSMIT
PATTERN
0
ENABLE
DETECT
INTER.
BYPASS
SCRAMB.
CLK
CONTROL
BIT NO.
NAME
CONDITION
D2
D1
D0
RESET
TEST
MODE
1
TEST
MODE
0
DESCRIPTION
D4
Bypass
Scrambler
0
Selects normal operation. DPSK data is passed
through scrambler.
D5
Enable Detect
1
Selects Scrambler Bypass. Bypass DPSK data is
routed around scrambler in the transmit path.
0
Disables interrupt at INT pin.
1
Enables INT output. An interrupts will be generated
with a change in status of DR bits D1-D4. The answer
tone and call progress detect interrupts are masked
when the TX enable bit is set. Carrier detect is
masked when TX DTMF is activated. All interrupts will
be disabled if the device is in power-down mode.
D7, D6
Transmit
Pattern
Selects normal data transmission as controlled by the
state of the TXD pin.
D7
D6
0
0
0
1
Selects an alternating mark/space transmit pattern for
modem testing.
1
0
Selects a constant mark transmit pattern.
1
1
Selects a constant space transmit pattern.
DETECT REGISTER
DR
010
BIT NO.
D0
D1
D7
X
D6
X
NAME
Long Loop
D5
RECEIVE
DATA
D4
UNSCR.
MARK
CONDITION
D3
CARR.
DETECT
D2
ANSWER
TONE
D1
CALL
PROG.
D0
LONG
LOOP
DESCRIPTION
0
Indicates normal received signal.
1
Indicates low received signal level.
Call Progress
0
No call progress tone detected.
Detect
1
Indicates presence of call progress tones. The call
progress detection circuitry is activated by energy in
the 350 to 620 Hz call progress band.
11
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DETECT REGISTER (continued)
DR
010
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
X
X
RECEIVE
DATA
UNSCR.
MARK
CARR.
DETECT
ANSWER
TONE
CALL
PROG.
LONG
LOOP
BIT NO.
D2
D3
D4
NAME
CONDITION
DESCRIPTION
Answer Tone
Detect
0
No answer tone detected.
1
Indicates detection of 2225 Hz answer tone in Bell
modes or 2100 Hz in CCITT modes. The device must
be in originate mode for detection of answer tone. For
CCITT answer tone detection, bit D0 of the Tone
Register must be set to a 1.
Carrier Detect
0
No carrier detected in the receive channel.
1
Indicates carrier has been detected in the receive
channel.
0
No unscrambled mark.
1
Indicates detection of unscrambled marks in the
received data. A valid indication requires that
unscrambled marks be received for > 165.5 ± 6.5 ms.
Unscrambled
Mark Detect
D5
ReceiveData
D6, D7
Not Used
Continuously outputs the received data stream. This
data is the same as that output on the RXD pin, but it
is not disabled when RXD is tri-stated.
Undefined
Not used. Mask in software.
TONE REGISTER
TR
011
BIT NO.
D0
D1
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
RXD
OUTPUT
CONTR.
TRANSMIT
GUARD
TONE
TRANSMIT
ANSWER
TONE
TRANSMIT
DTMF
DTMF 3
DTMF 2
DTMF 1/
OVERSPEED
DTMF 0/
ANSWER/
GUARD
NAME
DTMF 0/
Answer/
Guard Tone
DTMF 1/
Overspeed
CONDITION
DESCRIPTION
D6 D5 D4 D0
D0 interacts with bits D6, D5, and D4 as shown.
X
X
1
X
Transmit DTMF tones.
X
0
0
0
Detects 2225 Hz in originate mode.
X
1
0
0
Transmits 2225 Hz in answer mode (Bell).
X
0
0
1
Detects 2100 Hz in originate mode.
X
1
0
1
Transmits 2100 Hz in answer mode (CCITT).
1
0
0
0
Select 1800 Hz guard tone.
1
0
0
1
Select 550 Hz guard tone.
D4 D1
D1 interacts with D4 as shown.
0
0
Asynchronous DPSK +1.0% -2.5%.
0
1
Asynchronous DPSK +2.3% -2.5%.
12
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
TONE REGISTER (continued)
TR
011
BIT NO.
D3, D2,
D1, D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
RXD
OUTPUT
CONTR.
TRANSMIT
GUARD
TONE
TRANSMIT
ANSWER
TONE
TRANSMIT
DTMF
DTMF 3
DTMF 2
DTMF 1/
OVERSPEED
DTMF 0/
ANSWER/
GUARD
NAME
CONDITION
DTMF 3, 2, 1, 0
DTMF CODE
D3 D2 D1 D0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
D4
D5
Transmit DTMF
Transmit
Answer Tone
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
DESCRIPTION
Programs 1 of 16 DTMF tone pairs that will be
transmitted when TX DTMF (TONE, Bit D4) and TX
ENABLE bit (CR0, Bit D1) are set. Tone encoding is
shown below:
KEYBOARD
TONES
EQUIVALENT
LOW
HIGH
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
*
#
A
B
C
D
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
697
697
697
770
770
770
852
852
852
941
941
941
697
770
852
941
1209
1336
1477
1209
1336
1477
1209
1336
1477
1336
1209
1477
1633
1633
1633
1633
0
Disable DTMF.
1
Activates DTMF. The selected DTMF tones are
transmitted continuously when this bit is high and TX
ENABLE (CR0, Bit 1) is set to one. TX DTMF
overrides all other transmit functions.
D5
D4
D0
D5 interacts with bits D4 and D0 as shown.
0
0
X
Disables answer tone generator.
1
0
0
Enables answer tone generator. A 2225 Hz answer
tone will be transmitted continuously when the
TRANSMIT ENABLE bit is set in CR0. The device
must be in answer mode.
1
0
1
Likewise a 2100 Hz answer tone will be transmitted.
13
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
TONE REGISTER (continued)
TR
011
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
RXD
OUTPUT
CONTR.
TRANSMIT
GUARD
TONE
TRANSMIT
ANSWER
TONE
TRANSMIT
DTMF
DTMF 3
DTMF 2
DTMF 1/
OVERSPEED
DTMF 0/
ANSWER/
GUARD
BIT NO.
NAME
CONDITION
D6
Transmit
Guard Tone
0
Disables guard tone generator.
1
Enables guard tone generator (See D0 for selection of
guard tones).
RXD Output
Control
0
Enables RXD pin. Receive data will be output on
RXD.
1
Disables RXD pin. The RXD pin reverts to a high
impedance with internal weak pull-up resistor.
D7
DESCRIPTION
ID REGISTER
ID
110
BIT NO.
D7, D6
D5, D4
D4
D5, D3-D1
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
1
0
X
OH
X
X
X
X
NAME
CONDITION
DEVICE ID
D7 D6 D5 D4
0
OH
Not Used
0
X
DESCRIPTION
Indicates device type.
X
73K212AL, 73K321L or 73K322L
0
1
X
X
73K221AL or 73K302L
1
0
X
X
73K222AL, 73K222BL
1
1
0
0
73K224AL
1
1
1
0
73K324L
1
1
0
0
73K224BL
1
1
1
0
73K324BL
0
Relay driver open
1
Open drain driver pulling low.
NA
Mask in firmware.
14
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
RATING
VDD Supply Voltage
7V
Storage Temperature
-65 to 150° C
Reflow Soldering Temperature (10 sec.)/VPS (10 sec.)
235° C/215° C
Applied Voltage
-0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V
NOTE: All inputs and outputs are protected from static charge using built-in, industry standard protection
devices and all outputs are short-circuit protected.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
CONDITION
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
VDD Supply Voltage
4.5
5
5.5
V
TA, Operating Free-Air
-40
+85
°C
-0.01
+0.01
%
Temperature
Clock Variation
(11.0592 MHz) Crystal or
external clock
External Components (Refer to Application section for placement.)
VREF Bypass Capacitor
External to GND
0.1
Bias Setting Resistor
Placed between VDD and ISET
pins
1.8
µF
2
2.2
MΩ
ISET Bypass Capacitor
ISET pin to GND
0.1
µF
VDD Bypass Capacitor 1
External to GND
0.1
µF
VDD Bypass Capacitor 2
External to GND
Depends on crystal
characteristics from pin to GND
Depends on crystal
characteristics from pin to GND
22
XTL1 Load Capacitor
XTL2 Load Capacitor
Hybrid Loading
See Figure 1
R1
C
TXA Hybrid Loading
Note 1
µF
40
40
600
Ω
600
Ω
0.033
µF
NOTE:Minimum for optimized system layout; may require higher values for noisy environments.
15
pF
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(TA = -40° C to 85° C, VDD = recommended range unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
CONDITION
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
8
12
mA
IDD, SUPPLY CURRENT
ISET Resistor = 2 MΩ
IDDA, Active
CLK = 11.0592 MHz
IDD1, Power-down
CLK = 11.0592 MHz
4
mA
IDD2, Power-down
DIGITAL INPUTS
CLK = 19.200 kHz
3
mA
VIH, Input High Voltage
Reset, XTL1, XTL2
3.0
VDD
V
All other inputs
2.0
VDD
V
VIL, Input Low Voltage
0
0.8
V
100
µA
IIH, Input High Current
VI = VIH Max
IIL, Input Low Current
VI = VIL Min
-200
Reset Pull-down Current
Reset = VDD
1
Input Capacitance
DIGITAL OUTPUTS
All Digital Input Pins
VOH, Output High Voltage
IOH MIN = -0.4 mA
VOL, Output Low Voltage
IO MAX = 1.6 mA
VOL, CLK Output
IO = 3.6 mA
RXD Tri-State Pull-up Current
RXD = GND
CMAX, CLK Output
Maximum Capacitive Load
OH Output VOL
IOUT = 40 mA
1.0
V
OH Output VOL
IOUT = 10 mA
0.5
V
µA
2.4
-1
16
50
µA
10
pF
VDD
V
0.4
V
0.6
V
-50
µA
15
pF
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (continued)
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TIMING
(TA = -40°C to +85°C, VDD = recommended range unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
DPSK MODULATOR
Carrier Suppression
Output Amplitude
FSK MODULATOR/DEMODULATOR
Output Frequency Error
Transmit Level
Harmonic Distortion in
700-2900 Hz band
Output Bias Distortion
Total Output Jitter
DTMF GENERATOR
Frequency Accuracy
Output Amplitude
Output Amplitude
Twist
Long Loop Detect
Dynamic Range
CALL PROGRESS DETECTOR
Detect Level Range
Reject Level
Delay Time
Hold Time
Hysteresis
CONDITION
FIGURE 1
Measured between TXA1 and
TXA2
TX scrambled marks
FIGURE 1
CLK = 11.0592 MHz
Transmit Dotting Pattern
THD in the alternate band
DPSK or FSK
Transmit Dotting Pattern in ALB
@ RXD
Random Input in ALB @ RXD
FIGURE 1
Low Tone , DPSK Mode
High Tone , DPSK Mode
High-Tone to Low-Tone,
DPSK Mode
DPSK or FSK
Refer to Performance Curves
2-Tones in 350 - 600 Hz band
2-Tones in 350 - 600 Hz band
-70 dBm0 to -30 dBm0 STEP
-30 dBm0 to -70 dBm0 STEP
R1
600 Ω
MIDCOM
671-8001
R2
600
C
0.033 µf
TXA2
1:1
600 Ω
NOM
MAX
55
-11.5
-0.35
-11.5
dB
-10.0
-9
dBm0
-10.0
-60
+0.35
-9
-50
%
dBm0
DB
±8
-15
-0.25
-10
-8
1.0
-9
-7
2.0
-38
%
+15
%
+0.25
-8
-6
3.0
%
dBm0
dBm0
dB
-28
dBm0
dB
-3
dBm0
dBm0
ms
ms
dB
45
-38
-43
27
27
2
UNIT
80
80
NOTE: Parameters expressed in dBm0 refer to
signals at the telephone line, i.e., across
R2 in Figure 1. All units in dBm0 are
measured at the line input to the
transformer. The interface circuit
(Figure 1) inserts an 8 dB loss in the
transmit path (TXA1 - TXA2 to line), and
a 3 dB loss in the receive path (line to
RXA).
TXA1
RXA
MIN
(NOMINAL TELEPHONE
LINE IMPEDANCE)
FIGURE 1: Analog Interface Hybrid Loading
17
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TIMING (continued)
PARAMETER
CONDITION
CARRIER DETECT
DPSK or FSK
Threshold
Receive data
Delay Time
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
-48
-43
dBm0
-70 dBm0 to -30 dBm0 STEP
15
45
ms
Hysteresis
Single tone detected
2
Hold Time
-30 dBm0 to -70 dBm0 STEP
10
24
ms
Detect Level
Not in V.21 mode
-48
-42
dBm0
Delay Time
-70 dBm0 to -30 dBm0 STEP
20
45
ms
Hold Time
-30 dBm0 to -70 dBm0 STEP
10
30
ms
-2.5
+2.5
%
3.0
dB
ANSWER TONE DETECTOR
Detect Frequency Range
OUTPUT SMOOTHING FILTER
Output
TXA1 to TXA2, loaded as shown
in Figure 1 (2% THD)
Spurious Frequency Components
Frequency = 76.8 kHz
-39
dBm0
Frequency = 153.6 kHz
-45
dBm0
TXA pin; 76.8 kHz
1.0
mVrms
+10
Hz
100
ms
+625
ppm
50
ms
Clock Noise
±2.5
V
CARRIER VCO
Capture Range
Originate or Answer
Capture Time
-10 Hz to +10 Hz Carrier
Frequency Change Assumption
-10
40
RECOVERED CLOCK
Capture Range
% of frequency
center frequency
(center at 1200 Hz)
Data Delay Time
Analog data in at RXA pin to
receive data valid at RXD pin
18
-625
30
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TIMING (continued)
PARAMETER
CONDITION
MIN
NOM
MAX
UNIT
+20
Hz
GUARD TONE GENERATOR
Tone Accuracy
550 Hz
Tone Level
(Below DPSK Output)
Harmonic Distortion
700 to 2900 Hz
1800 Hz
-20
550 Hz
-4.0
-3.0
-2.0
dB
1800 Hz
-7.0
-6.0
-5.0
dB
550 Hz
-50
dB
1800 Hz
-60
dB
TIMING (Refer to Timing Diagrams)
CS/Address setup before ALE Low
12
ns
CS hold after ALE low
0
ns
Address hold after ALE Low
10
ns
TLC
ALE Low to RD/WR Low
10
ns
TCL
RD/WR Control to ALE High
0
ns
TRD
Data out from RD Low
0
TLL
ALE width
15
TRDF
Data float after RD High
TRW
RD width
50
ns
TWW
WR width
50
ns
TDW
Data setup before WR High
15
ns
TWD
Data hold after WR High
12
ns
TCKD
Data out after EXCLK Low
TCKW (serial mode)
WR after EXCLK Low
150
ns
TDCK (serial mode)
Data setup before EXCLK Low
150
ns
TAC (serial mode)
Address setup before control*
50
ns
TCA (serial mode)
Address hold after control*
50
ns
TWH (serial mode)
Data Hold after EXCLK
20
TAL
TLA
CS
ADD
70
ns
ns
50
200
ns
ns
* Control for setup is the falling edge of RD or WR. Control for hold is the falling edge of RD or the rising edge
of WR.
NOTE: Asserting ALE, CS, and RD or WR concurrently can cause unintentional register accesses. When using
non-8031 compatible processors, care must be taken to prevent this from occurring when designing the
interface logic.
19
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
TIMING DIAGRAMS
TLL
ALE
TLC
TRW
TCL
RD
TLC
TWW
WR
TLA
TRD
TRDF
TWD
TAL
TDW
ADDRESS
AD0-AD7
READ DATA
WRITE
ADDRESS
CS
FIGURE 2: Bus Timing Diagram
EXCLK
RD
TAC
A0-A2
TCA
ADDRESS
TRD
D0
DATA
TRDF
TCKD
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
FIGURE 3: Read Timing Diagram (Serial Version)
EXCLK
TWW
WR
TCKW
TAC
ADDRESS
A0-A2
TWH
TDCK
DATA
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
FIGURE 4: Write Timing Diagram (Serial Version)
20
D7
TCA
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
A typical DAA arrangement is shown in Figure 5.This
diagram is for reference only and does not represent
a production-ready modem design.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
In most applications the controller will monitor the
serial data for commands from the DTE and the
received data for break signals from the far end
modem. In this way, commands to the modem are
sent over the same line as the transmitted data. In
other applications the RS-232 interface handshake
lines are used for modem control.
Figure 5 shows the basic circuit diagram for a
73K222BL modem integrated circuit designed to be
used in conjunction with a control processor, a
UART or RS-232 serial data interface, and a DAA
phone line interface to function as a typical
intelligent modem. The K-Series ICs interface
directly with Intel 8048 and 80C51 microprocessors
for control and status monitoring purposes.
(continued)
RING DETECT
+5
TX DATA
RX DATA
2 MΩ
11.0592 MHz
ADR/DATA BUS
CONTROL
INTERFACE
µC ALE
µC WR
µC RD
+5
+
10 µF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
GND
CLK
XTL1
XTL2
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
ALE
WR
RD
VDD
RXA
VREF
RESET
N/C
ISET
OH
RXCLK
RXD
TXD
CS
EXCLK
TXCLK
INT
NC
TXA1
TXA2
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
1 µF
0.1 µF
RING
DETECTOR
8.2K
HOOK
RELAY
0.1 µF
+5
600
FUSE
1
2
3
4
0.033 µF
TYP.
0.1 µF
600Ω
1:1
RXCLK
TXCLK
EXCLK
CHIP SELECT
FIGURE 5: Typical 73K222BL DAA Circuit
21
TRANSIENT
SUPPRESSOR
RJ-11
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (continued)
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
DIRECT ACCESS ARRANGEMENT (DAA)
TDK Semiconductor's 1-chip modem products
include all basic modem functions. This makes these
devices adaptable for use in a variety of
applications, and as easy to control as conventional
digital bus peripherals.
The DAA (Direct Access Arrangement) required for
the 73K222BL consists of an impedance matching
resistor, telecom coupling transformer, and ring
detection and fault protection circuitry.
Unlike digital logic circuitry, modem designs must
properly contend with precise frequency tolerances
and very low level analog signals, to ensure
acceptable performance. Using good analog circuit
design practices will generally result in a sound
design. Following are additional recommendations
which should be taken into consideration when
starting new designs.
The transformer specifications must comply with the
impedance of the country in which the modem is
being operated. Transformers designed specifically
for use with the telephone network should be used.
These may present a DC load to the network
themselves (a “wet” transformer) or they may require
AC coupling with a DC load provided by additional
devices (a “dry” transformer). A dry transformer will
generally provide higher performance and smaller
size than a wet transformer. A wet transformer
allows a simpler design, but must not saturate with
the worst case DC current passing through it or
distortion and poor performance will result.
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
The K-Series crystal oscillator requires a parallel
mode (antiresonant) crystal which operates at
11.0592 MHz. It is important that this frequency be
maintained to within ±0.01% accuracy.
The protection circuitry typically consists of a transient
suppression device and current limiter to protect the
user and the telephone network from hazardous
voltages that can be present under fault conditions.
The transient suppressor may be a MOV (metal oxide
varistor), Sidactor (Teccor Electronics Inc.), spark gap
device , or avalanche diode. Some devices clamp the
transient to their specified break down voltage and
others go into low impedance crowbar state. The
latter require that the fault current to cease before
they can return to their inactive state.
In order for a parallel mode crystal to operate
correctly and to specification, it must have a
capacitor connected to the junction of each of the
crystal and internal inverter connections, terminated
to ground. The values of these capacitors depend
primarily on the crystal’s characteristics, and to a
lesser degree on the internal inverter circuit. The
values used affect the accuracy and start up
characteristics of the oscillator.
LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
Current limiting devices can consist of a resistor,
Raychem PolySwitch resettable fuse, or slow blow
fuse that can withstand the transient tests without
permenant damage or replacement.
Good analog/digital design rules must be used to
control system noise in order to obtain highest
performance in modem designs. The more digital
circuitry present on the PC board, the more this
attention to noise control is needed. The modem
should be treated as a high performance analog
device. A 22 µF electrolytic capacitor in parallel with a
0.1 µF ceramic capacitor between VDD and GND is
recommended. Liberal use of ground planes and larger
traces on power and ground are also highly favored.
High speed digital circuits tend to generate a significant
amount of EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) which
must be minimized in order to meet regulatory agency
limitations. To accomplish this, high speed digital
devices should be locally bypassed, and the telephone
line interface and K-Series device should be located
close to each other near the area of the board where
the phone line connection is accessed.
Ring detection circuitry is not required by the FCC,
but may be required by the application. The ring
detector usually consists of an optoisolator,
capacitor, and resistor to present the proper AC load
to the network to meet the REN (Ring Equivalency
Number) regulations of FCC Part 68. The K-Series
Design Manual contains detailed information on the
design of a ring detect circuits as well as the other
topics concerning the DAA.
22
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
This method has been tested over the entire voltage
and temperature operating ranges. It has been
found to be a reliable procedure to ensure the
correct patterns are always programmed.
To avoid problems, power supply and ground traces
should be routed separately to the analog and digital
functions on the board, and digital signals should not
be routed near low level or high impedance analog
traces. The analog and digital grounds should only
connect at one point near the K-Series device
ground pin to avoid ground loops. The K-Series
modem ICs should have both high frequency and
low frequency bypassing as close to the package as
possible.
MODEM PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
The curves presented here define modem IC
performance under a variety of line conditions while
inducing disturbances that are typical of those
encountered during data transmission on public
service telephone lines. Test data was taken using
an AEA Electronics’ “Autotest I” modem test set and
line simulator, operating under computer control. All
tests were run full-duplex, using a Concord Data
Systems 224 as the reference modem. A 511
pseudo-random-bit pattern was used for each data
point. Noise was C-message weighted and all
signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios reflect total power
measurements similar to the CCITT V.56
measurement specification. The individual tests are
defined as follows.
USING THE SERIAL MODE ON THE
73K2XXAL AND 73K222BL
A sensitivity to specific patterns being written to the
control registers in the 73K212/221/222AL and
73K222BL modem data pumps has been seen on
some parts when used in the serial control interface
mode. An alternating pattern followed by its
complement can cause the registers to not have the
intended data correctly written to the registers.
Specifically, if an alternating ..1010.. pattern is
followed by its compliment, ..0101.., the register may
instead be programmed with a ..0001.. pattern. After
analysis, it has been found that any normal
programming sequence should not include these
steps with one exception, and that is in DTMF
dialing. Since any random DTMF sequence could be
dialed, there is the potential for these patterns to
appear. For example, if a DTMF digit “5” , 0101 bin
is followed by a DTMF digit “0” , 1010 bin, some
parts will instead transmit a DTMF digit “8”, 1000 bin,
in its place. The solution to this problem is to always
clear the DTMF bits, D3-D0, between dialed digits.
This will not add additional time to dialing since there
is ample time between digits when the DTMF bits
can be cleared. Previously during the DTMF off time
the next digit would be loaded into the TONE
register. It is now recommended to first clear bits D3D0, then the next digit to be dialed is loaded into the
DTMF bits.
BER VS. S/N
This test measures the ability of the modem to
operate over noisy lines with a minimum of datatransfer errors. Since some noise is generated in the
best of dial-up lines, the modem must operate with
the lowest S/N ratio possible. Better modem
performance is indicated by test curves that are
closest to the BER axis. A narrow spread between
curves representing the four line parameters
indicates minimal variation in performance while
operating over a range of operating conditions.
Typically, a DPSK modem will exhibit better BER
performance test curves receiving in the low band
than in the high band.
BER VS. RECEIVE LEVEL
This test measures the dynamic range of the
modem. Because signal levels vary widely over dialup lines, the widest possible dynamic range is
desirable. The minimum Bell specification calls for
36 dB of dynamic range. S/N ratios are held
constant at the indicated values while the receive
level is lowered from a very high to very low signal
levels. The width of the “bowl” of these curves, taken
at the BER point, is the measure of dynamic range.
As mentioned earlier, under normal circumstances
these patterns would not be programmed for other
registers. If for some reason other registers are
programmed in such a way that an alternating
pattern is followed by its compliment, those bits
should be cleared before the complimentary pattern
is sent.
23
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (continued)
*73K222BL
BER vs SIGNALTO NOISE
*73K222BL
BER vs CARRIER OFFSET
10-2
10-2
HIGH BAND RECEIVE
-40 dBm
DPSK OPERATION
HIGH BAND RECEIVE
DPSK OPERATION
1200
BPS
10-3
600
BPS
C2
BIT ERROR RATE
BIT ERROR RATE
10-3
C1 or 3002
C2
FLAT
10-4
C1 or 3002
FLAT
10-4
3002 11.8 dB S/N
C2 11.3 dB S/N
10-5
10-5
10-6
2
4
6
8
10
12
10-6
14
12
SIGNAL TO NOISE (dB)
8
4
0
-8
-12
CARRIER OFFSET (HZ)
*73K222BL
BER vs RECEIVE LEVEL
*73K222BL
BER vs PHASE JITTER
10-2
10-2
HIGH BAND RECEIVE
DPSK OPERATION
C2 LINE
HIGH BAND RECEIVE
DPSK OPERATION
10-3
10-3
BIT ERROR RATE
BIT ERROR RATE
-4
10-4
S/N = 10.8 dB
10-5
10-4
3002 11.5 dB S/N
10-5
C2 10.8 dB S/N
S/N = 15 dB
10-6
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10-6
-50
0
RECEIVE LEVEL (dBm)
4
8
12
16
20
PHASE JITTER (° PEAK)
* = “EQ On” Indicates bit CR1 D4 is set for additional phase equalization.
24
24
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
32-Pin PLCC
0.453 (11.51)
0.449 (11.40)
0.023
0.029
0.140 (3.56)
0.123 (3.12)
PIN NO. 1 IDENT.
0.595 (15.11)
0.585 (14.86)
0.553 (14.05)
0.549 (13.94)
0.095 (2.41)
0.078 (1.98)
0.050
0.013
0.021
0.300 REF
(7.62 REF)
0.430 (10.92)
0.390 (9.91)
0.026
0.032
0.400 REF
(10.16 REF)
0.530 (13.46)
0.490 (12.45)
0.495 (12.57)
0.485 (12.32)
44-Lead TQFP
16.0 BSC (0.630)
16.0 BSC (0.630)
INDEX
1
14.0 BSC (0.552)
1.35 (0.053)
1.45 (0.057)
0.09 (0.035)
0.20 (0.008)
0.42 (0.0165) Typ.
1.00 (0.0394) Typ.
25
0.60 (0.024) Typ.
0.045 (1.140)
0.020 (0.508)
73K222BL
V.22, V.21, Bell 212A, Bell 103
Single-Chip Modem with Integrated Hybrid
PACKAGE PIN DESIGNATIONS
CAUTION: Use handling procedures necessary for
a static sensitive component.
XTAL2
XTAL1
CLK
GND
RXA
VREF
RESET
(Top View)
4
3
2
1
32
31
30
ISET
AD2
7
27
OH
AD3
8
26
RXCLK
AD4
9
25
RXD
AD5
10
24
TXD
AD6
11
23
CS
DATA/AD7
12
22
EXCLK
ALE
13
21
TXCLK
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
INT
28
N/C
6
TXA1
AD1
TXA2
N/C
VDD
29
RD
5
WR
AD0
32-Lead PLCC
73K222BL-IH
44-Lead TQFP
73K222BL-IGT
ORDERING INFORMATION
PART DESCRIPTION
ORDER NUMBER
PACKAGING MARK
73K222BL
32-Lead PLCC
73K222BL-IH
73K222BL-IH
73K222BL
44-Lead TQFP
73K222BL-IGT
73K222BL-IGT
No responsibility is assumed by TDK Semiconductor Corporation for use of this product nor for any infringements of patents and trademarks
or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted under any patents, patent rights or trademarks of TDK
Semiconductor Corporation and the company reserves the right to make changes in specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the
reader is cautioned to verify that the data sheet is current before placing orders.
TDK Semiconductor Corporation, 2642 Michelle Drive, Tustin, CA 92780-7019, (714) 508-8800, FAX: (714) 508-8877
TDK Semiconductor Corporation
04/24/00- rev. E
26