TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 D D D D D D D D D D 1OUT 1IN – 1IN + VDD 2IN + 2IN – 2OUT 1 14 2 13 3 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 4OUT 4IN – 4IN + GND 3IN + 3IN – 3OUT FK PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 1IN – 1OUT NC 4OUT 4IN – D D, J, N, OR PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) Trimmed Offset Voltage: TLC27M9 . . . 900 µV Max at TA = 25°C, VDD = 5 V Input Offset Voltage Drift . . . Typically 0.1 µV/Month, Including the First 30 Days Wide Range of Supply Voltages Over Specified Temperature Range: 0°C to 70°C . . . 3 V to 16 V – 40°C to 85°C . . . 4 V to 16 V – 55°C to 125°C . . . 4 V to 16 V Single-Supply Operation Common-Mode Input Voltage Range Extends Below the Negative Rail (C-Suffix, I-Suffix Types) Low Noise . . . Typically 32 nV/√Hz at f = 1 kHz Low Power . . . Typically 2.1 mW at TA = 25°C, VDD = 5 V Output Voltage Range Includes Negative Rail High Input Impedance . . . 1012 Ω Typ ESD-Protection Circuitry Small-Outline Package Option Also Available in Tape and Reel Designed-In Latch-Up Immunity 1IN + NC VDD NC 2IN + 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 5 17 6 16 7 15 8 14 9 10 11 12 13 4IN + NC GND NC 3IN + 2IN – 2OUT NC 3OUT 3IN – D NC – No internal connection DISTRIBUTION OF TLC27M9 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE description 40 The extremely high input impedance, low bias currents, make these cost-effective devices ideal for applications that have previously been reserved for general-purpose bipolar products, but with only a fraction of the power consumption. 35 Percentage of Units – % The TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 quad operational amplifiers combine a wide range of input offset voltage grades with low offset voltage drift, high input impedance, low noise, and speeds comparable to that of general-purpose bipolar devices.These devices use Texas Instruments silicon-gate LinCMOS technology, which provides offset voltage stability far exceeding the stability available with conventional metal-gate processes. 30 301 Units Tested From 2 Wafer Lots VDD = 5 V TA = 25°C N Package 25 20 15 10 5 0 – 1200 – 600 0 600 1200 VIO – Input Offset Voltage – µV Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. LinCMOS is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated. Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 description (continued) Four offset voltage grades are available (C-suffix and I-suffix types), ranging from the low-cost TLC27M4 (10 mV) to the high-precision TLC27M9 (900 µV). These advantages, in combination with good common-mode rejection and supply voltage rejection, make these devices a good choice for new state-of-the-art designs as well as for upgrading existing designs. In general, many features associated with bipolar technology are available on LinCMOS operational amplifiers, without the power penalties of bipolar technology. General applications such as transducer interfacing, analog calculations, amplifier blocks, active filters, and signal buffering are easily designed with the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9. The devices also exhibit low voltage single-supply operation, and low power consumption, making them ideally suited for remote and inaccessible battery-powered applications. The common-mode input voltage range includes the negative rail. A wide range of packaging options is available, including small-outline and chip-carrier versions for high-density system applications. The device inputs and outputs are designed to withstand – 100-mA surge currents without sustaining latch-up. The TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 incorporate internal ESD-protection circuits that prevent functional failures at voltages up to 2000 V as tested under MIL-STD-883C, Method 3015; however, care should be exercised in handling these devices, as exposure to ESD may result in the degradation of the device parametric performance. The C-suffix devices are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The I-suffix devices are characterized for operation from – 40°C to 85°C. The M-suffix devices are characterized for operation over the full military temperature range of – 55°C to 125°C. AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGE TA 0°C to 70°C – 40°C to 85°C – 55°C to 125°C VIOmax AT 25°C 900 µV SMALL OUTLINE (D) CHIP CARRIER (FK) CERAMIC DIP (J) PLASTIC DIP (N) TSSOP (PW) CHIP FORM (Y) TLC27M9CD — — TLC27M9CN — — 2 mV TLC27M4BCD — — TLC27M4BCN — — 5 mV TLC27M4ACD — — TLC27M4ACN — — 10 mV TLC27M4CD — — TLC27M4CN TLC27M4CPW TLC27M4Y 900 µV TLC27M9ID — — TLC27M9IN — — 2 mV TLC27M4BID — — TLC27M4BIN — — 5 mV TLC27M4AID — — TLC27M4AIN — — 10 mV TLC27M4ID — — TLC27M4IN TLC27M41PW — 900 µV TLC27M9MD TLC27M9MFK TLC27M9MJ TLC27M9MN — — 10 mV TLC27M4MD TLC27M4MFK TLC27M4MJ TLC27M4MN — — The D and PW package is available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to the device type (e.g., TLC279CDR). 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 equivalent schematic (each amplifier) VDD P3 P4 R6 R1 R2 IN – N5 P5 P1 P6 P2 IN + C1 R5 OUT N3 N1 R3 N2 D1 N4 R4 D2 N6 N7 R7 GND POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TLC27M4Y chip information This chip, when properly assembled, displays characteristics similar to the TLC27M4C. Thermal compression or ultrasonic bonding may be used on the doped-aluminum bonding pads. Chips may be mounted with conductive epoxy or a gold-silicon preform. BONDING PAD ASSIGNMENTS (14) (13) (12) (11) (10) (9) (8) VDD (4) (3) + 1IN + 1IN – (1) 1OUT (2) – + (7) 2OUT – (10) 68 + 3IN + (6) 2IN + 2IN – (8) 3OUT (9) – 3IN – 4OUT (5) + (14) – (12) (13) 4IN + 4IN – (11) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 108 GND CHIP THICKNESS: 15 TYPICAL BONDING PADS: 4 × 4 MINIMUM TJmax = 150°C TOLERANCES ARE ± 10%. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILS. PIN (11) IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED TO BACKSIDE OF CHIP. 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage, VDD (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 V Differential input voltage, VID (see Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± VDD Input voltage range, VI (any input) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 0.3 V to VDD Input current, II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 5 mA Output current, lO (each output) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 30 mA Total current into VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 mA Total current out of GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 mA Duration of short-circuit current at (or below) 25°C (see Note 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unlimited Continuous total dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table Operating free-air temperature, TA: C suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 70°C I suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 40°C to 85°C M suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 55°C to 125°C Storage temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C Case temperature for 60 seconds: FK package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: D, N, or PW package . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 60 seconds: J package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to network ground. 2. Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN –. 3. The output may be shorted to either supply. Temperature and/or supply voltages must be limited to ensure that the maximum dissipation rating is not exceeded (see application section). DISSIPATION RATING TABLE PACKAGE TA ≤ 25°C POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C TA = 70°C POWER RATING TA = 85°C POWER RATING TA = 125°C POWER RATING D 950 mW 7.6 mW/°C 608 mW 494 mW — FK 1375 mW 11.0 mW/°C 880 mW 715 mW 275 mW J 1375 mW 11.0 mW/°C 880 mW 715 mW 275 mW N 1575 mW 12.6 mW/°C 1008 mW 819 mW — PW 700 mW 5.6 mW/°C 448 mW — — recommended operating conditions Supply voltage, VDD Common mode input voltage, Common-mode voltage VIC VDD = 5 V VDD = 10 V Operating free-air temperature, TA POST OFFICE BOX 655303 C SUFFIX I SUFFIX M SUFFIX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX 3 16 4 16 4 16 – 0.2 3.5 – 0.2 3.5 0 3.5 – 0.2 8.5 – 0.2 8.5 0 8.5 0 70 – 40 85 – 55 125 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT V V °C 5 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4C TLC27M4AC TLC27M4BC TLC27M9C MIN VIO TLC27M4C VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TLC27M4AC VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range TLC274BC VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range Input offset voltage TLC279C VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 2 2.5 5V V, VIC = 2 2.5 5V IIB Input bias current (see Note 4) 5V VO = 2 2.5 V, 5V VIC = 2 2.5 VICR VOH VOL AVD High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage Large-signal L i l diff differential ti l voltage amplification am lification VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = – 100 mV, VO = 0.25 V to 2 V, IOL = 0 RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage S l lt rejection j ti ratio ti (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) 2 5 V, V VO = 2.5 No load VO = 1.4 V TYP MAX 1.1 10 Full range 12 25°C 0.9 5 250 2000 3000 25°C 210 Full range 900 1.7 25°C 0.1 70°C 7 25°C 0.6 70°C 40 25°C – 0.2 to 4 Full range – 0.2 to 3.5 µV/°C 300 600 – 0.3 to 4.2 25°C 3.2 3.9 0°C 3 3.9 70°C 3 4 V 25°C 0 50 0°C 0 50 70°C 0 50 25°C 25 170 0°C 15 200 70°C 15 140 25°C 65 91 0°C 60 91 70°C 60 92 25°C 70 93 0°C 60 92 70°C 60 94 dB dB 1120 1280 70°C 340 † Full range is 0°C to 70°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 880 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 mV V/mV 500 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 pA V 420 6 pA V 0°C VIC = 2.5 2 5 V, V µV 1500 25°C to 70°C 25°C IDD mV 6.5 25°C Common-mode input voltage g range g (see Note 5) CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio kSVR 25°C UNIT µA TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4C TLC27M4AC TLC27M4BC TLC27M9C MIN VIO TLC27M4C VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TLC27M4AC VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range TLC27M4BC VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range Input offset voltage TLC27M9C VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 5 V, V VIC = 5 V IIB Input bias current (see Note 4) V VO = 5 V, VIC = 5 V VICR VOH VOL AVD CMRR kSVR 25°C High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage Large-signal L i l diff differential ti l voltage amplification am lification Common-mode rejection ratio VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = –100 mV, IOL = 0 VO = 1 V to 6 V, RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage S l lt rejection j ti ratio ti (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) VO = 5 V, V No load VO = 1.4 V TYP MAX 1.1 10 Full range 12 25°C 0.9 5 260 2000 3000 25°C 220 Full range 1200 2.1 25°C 0.1 70°C 7 25°C 0.7 70°C 50 25°C – 0.2 to 9 Full range – 0.2 to 8.5 µV/°C 300 600 – 0.3 to 9.2 25°C 8 8.7 0°C 7.8 8.7 70°C 7.8 8.7 V 25°C 0 50 0°C 0 50 70°C 0 50 25°C 25 275 0°C 15 320 70°C 15 230 25°C 65 94 0°C 60 94 70°C 60 94 25°C 70 93 0°C 60 92 70°C 60 94 mV V/mV dB dB 1200 690 1600 70°C 440 † Full range is 0°C to 70°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 1120 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 pA V 570 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 pA V 0°C VIC = 5 V, V µV 1900 25°C to 70°C 25°C IDD mV 6.5 25°C Common-mode input voltage g range g (see Note 5) UNIT µA 7 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4I TLC27M4AI TLC27M4BI TLC27M9I MIN VIO TLC27M4I VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TLC27M4AI VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range TLC27M4BI VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range Input offset voltage TLC27M9I VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 2 2.5 5V V, VIC = 2 2.5 5V IIB Input bias current (see Note 4) 5V VO = 2 2.5 V, 5V VIC = 2 2.5 VICR VOH VOL 25°C High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = –100 mV, IOL = 0 CMRR kSVR IDD Large-signal L i l diff differential ti l voltage amplification am lification Common-mode rejection ratio VO = 0.25 V to 2 V, RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage S l lt rejection j ti ratio ti (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) 2 5 V, V VO = 2.5 No load VO = 1.4 V VIC = 2.5 2 5 V, V MAX 1.1 10 13 25°C 0.9 25°C 250 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 mV 2000 3000 25°C 210 900 µV 2000 Full range 25°C to 85°C 1.7 25°C 0.1 85°C 24 25°C 0.6 85°C 200 25°C – 0.2 to 4 Full range – 0.2 to 3.5 µV/°C 1000 2000 – 0.3 to 4.2 pA pA V V 25°C 3.2 3.9 – 40°C 3 3.9 85°C 3 4 V 25°C 0 50 – 40°C 0 50 0 50 25°C 25 170 – 40°C 15 270 85°C 15 130 25°C 65 91 – 40°C 60 90 85°C 60 90 25°C 70 93 – 40°C 60 91 85°C 60 94 mV V/mV dB dB 25°C 420 1120 – 40°C 630 1600 85°C 320 800 † Full range is – 40°C to 85°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 8 5 6.5 85°C AVD TYP Full range Common-mode input voltage g range g (see Note 5) UNIT µA TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4I TLC27M4AI TLC27M4BI TLC27M9I MIN VIO 25°C TLC27M4I VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TLC27M4AI VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range TLC27M4BI VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range Input offset voltage TLC27M9I VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 5 V, V VIC = 5 V IIB Input bias current (see Note 4) V VO = 5 V, VIC = 5 V VICR VOL Low-level output voltage VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = – 100 mV, IOL = 0 CMRR kSVR IDD Large-signal L i l diff differential ti l voltage amplification am lification Common-mode rejection ratio VO = 1 V to 6 V, RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage S l lt rejection j ti ratio ti (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) V VO = 5 V, No load VO = 1.4 V VIC = 5 V, V 5 mV 7 260 2000 3500 25°C 220 1200 µV 2900 Full range 25°C to 85°C 2.1 25°C 0.1 85°C 26 25°C 0.7 85°C 220 – 0.2 to 9 µV/°C 1000 2000 – 0.3 to 9.2 pA pA V – 0.2 to 8.5 V 25°C 8 8.7 – 40°C 7.8 8.7 85°C 7.8 8.7 V 25°C 0 50 – 40°C 0 50 0 50 85°C AVD 10 0.9 25°C Common-mode input voltage range (see Note 5) High-level output voltage MAX 1.1 13 25°C Full range VOH TYP Full range 25°C UNIT 25°C 25 275 – 40°C 15 390 85°C 15 220 25°C 65 94 – 40°C 60 93 85°C 60 94 25°C 70 93 – 40°C 60 91 85°C 60 94 mV V/mV dB dB 25°C 570 1200 – 40°C 900 1800 85°C 410 1040 µA † Full range is – 40°C to 85°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4M TLC27M9M MIN VIO TLC27M4M VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TLC27M9M VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Input offset voltage αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) IIB VICR VOH VOL AVD CMRR kSVR Input bias current (see Note 4) VO = 2 2.5 5V V, VIC = 2 2.5 5V 5V VO = 2 2.5 V, 5V VIC = 2 2.5 25°C High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage Large-signal Large signal differential am lification voltage amplification Common-mode rejection ratio VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = – 100 mV, VO = 0.25 V to 2 V, IOL = 0 RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage Supply voltage rejection ratio (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) VO = 2.5 2 5 V, V No load VO = 1.4 V MAX 1.1 10 Full range 12 25°C 210 Full range 900 3750 25°C to 125°C 1.7 25°C 0.1 125°C 1.4 25°C 0.6 125°C 9 25°C 0 to 4 Full range 0 to 3.5 25°C 3.2 3.9 – 55°C 3 3.9 125°C 3 4 Common-mode input voltage g range g (see Note 5) UNIT TYP pA 15 35 – 0.3 to 4.2 V V 25°C 0 50 – 55°C 0 50 125°C 0 50 25°C 25 170 – 55°C 15 290 125°C 15 120 25°C 65 91 – 55°C 60 89 125°C 60 91 25°C 70 93 – 55°C 60 91 125°C 60 94 dB dB 1120 1760 125°C 280 † Full range is – 55°C to 125°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 720 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 mV V/mV 680 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 nA V 420 10 nA pA 25°C VIC = 2 2.5 5V V, µV µV/°C – 55°C IDD mV µA TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA† TLC27M4M TLC27M9M MIN VIO VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range TLC27M9M VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ Full range Input offset voltage αVIO Average temperature coefficient of input offset voltage IIO Input offset current (see Note 4) IIB VICR VOH VOL AVD CMRR kSVR 25°C TLC27M4M Input bias current (see Note 4) V VO = 5 V, VIC = 5 V VO = 5 V, V VIC = 5 V High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage L i l diff ti l Large-signal differential voltage amplification am lification Common-mode rejection ratio VID = 100 mV, RL = 100 kΩ VID = – 100 mV, IOL = 0 VO = 1 V to 6 V, RL = 100 kΩ VIC = VICRmin Supply-voltage S l lt rejection j ti ratio ti (∆VDD /∆VIO) VDD = 5 V to 10 V, Supply current (four amplifiers) VO = 5 V, V No load VO = 1.4 V MAX 1.1 10 12 25°C 220 1200 4300 25°C to 125°C 2.1 25°C 0.1 125°C 1.8 25°C 0.7 125°C 10 25°C 0 to 9 Full range 0 to 8.5 Common-mode input voltage g range g (see Note 5) UNIT TYP pA 15 35 – 0.3 to 9.2 V 25°C 8 8.7 – 55°C 7.8 8.6 125°C 7.8 8.8 V 25°C 0 50 – 55°C 0 50 125°C 0 50 25°C 25 275 – 55°C 15 420 125°C 15 190 25°C 65 94 – 55°C 60 93 125°C 60 93 25°C 70 93 – 55°C 60 91 125°C 60 94 mV V/mV dB dB 1200 980 2000 125°C 360 † Full range is – 55°C to 125°C. NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 960 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 nA V 570 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 nA pA 25°C VIC = 5 V, V µV µV/°C – 55°C IDD mV µA 11 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 electrical characteristics, VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS VIO Input offset voltage VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, αVIO Temperature coefficient of input offset voltage TA = 25°C to 70°C IIO IIB Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 2.5 V, VO = 2.5 V, Input bias current (see Note 4) VICR Common-mode input voltage range (see Note 5) VOH VOL High-level output voltage AVD CMRR Large-signal differential voltage amplification kSVR Supply-voltage rejection ratio (∆VDD /∆VIO) IDD Supply current (four amplifiers) VID = 100 mV, VID = –100 mV, Low-level output voltage Common-mode rejection ratio VO = 0.25 V to 2 V, VIC = VICRmin VDD = 5 V to 10 V, VO = 2.5 V, No load TLC27M4Y MIN VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ VIC = 2.5 V VIC = 2.5 V RL = 100 kΩ IOL = 0 RL= 100 kΩ VO = 1.4 V VIC = 2.5 V, TYP MAX 11 1.1 10 UNIT mV 1.7 µV/°C 0.1 pA 0.6 pA – 0.2 to 4 – 0.3 to 4.2 V 3.2 3.9 0 V 50 mV 25 170 V/mV 65 91 dB 70 93 dB 420 1120 µA electrical characteristics, VDD = 10 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS VIO Input offset voltage VO = 1.4 V,, RS = 50 Ω, αVIO Temperature coefficient of input offset voltage TA = 25°C to 70°C IIO IIB Input offset current (see Note 4) VO = 5 V, VO = 5 V, VICR Common-mode input voltage range (see Note 5) VOH VOL High-level output voltage AVD CMRR Large-signal differential voltage amplification kSVR Supply-voltage rejection ratio (∆VDD /∆VIO) IDD Supply current (four amplifiers) Input bias current (see Note 4) VID = 100 mV, VID = –100 mV, Low-level output voltage Common-mode rejection ratio VO = 1 V to 6 V, VIC = VICRmin VDD = 5 V to 10 V, VO = 5 V, No load TLC27M4Y MIN VIC = 0,, RL = 100 kΩ TYP MAX 11 1.1 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 mV 2.1 µV/°C 0.1 pA 0.7 pA – 0.2 to 9 – 0.3 to 9.2 V RL = 100 kΩ 8 8.7 V IOL = 0 RL = 100 kΩ 25 275 V/mV 65 94 dB 70 93 dB VIC = 5 V VIC = 5 V VO = 1.4 V VIC = 5 V, 0 570 NOTES: 4. The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. 5. This range also applies to each input individually. 12 UNIT 50 1200 mV µA TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4C TLC27M4AC TLC27M4BC TLC27M9C MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 2.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 VI = 10 mV, V See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, F Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin VI = 10 mV, V CL = 20 pF F, f = B1, See Figure 3 TYP 25°C 0.43 0°C 0.46 70°C 0.36 25°C 0.40 0°C 0.43 70°C 0.34 25°C 32 25°C 55 0°C 60 70°C 50 25°C 525 0°C 610 70°C 400 25°C 40° 0°C 41° 70°C 39° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4C TLC27M4AC TLC27M4BC TLC27M9C MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 5.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 VI = 10 mV, V See Figure 3 F CL = 20 pF, Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin VI = 10 mV, V CL = 20 pF F, POST OFFICE BOX 655303 f = B1, See Figure 3 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TYP 25°C 0.62 0°C 0.67 70°C 0.51 25°C 0.56 0°C 0.61 70°C 0.46 25°C 32 25°C 35 0°C 40 70°C 30 25°C 635 0°C 710 70°C 510 25°C 43° 0°C 44° 70°C 42° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz 13 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4I TLC27M4AI TLC27M4BI TLC27M9I MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 2.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 V VI = 10 mV, See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, F Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin V VI = 10 mV, CL = 20 pF F, f = B1, See Figure 3 TYP 25°C 0.43 – 40°C 0.51 85°C 0.35 25°C 0.40 – 40°C 0.48 85°C 0.32 25°C 32 25°C 55 – 40°C 75 85°C 45 25°C 525 – 40°C 770 85°C 370 25°C 40° – 40°C 43° 85°C 38° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4I TLC27M4AI TLC27M4BI TLC27M9I MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 5.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm 14 Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 V VI = 10 mV, See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin V VI = 10 mV, CL = 20 pF F, POST OFFICE BOX 655303 f = B1, See Figure 3 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TYP 25°C 0.62 – 40°C 0.77 85°C 0.47 25°C 0.56 – 40°C 0.70 85°C 0.44 25°C 32 25°C 35 – 40°C 45 85°C 25 25°C 635 – 40°C 880 85°C 480 25°C 43° – 40°C 46° 85°C 41° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4M TLC27M9M MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 2.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 V VI = 10 mV, See Figure 3 F CL = 20 pF, Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin V VI = 10 mV, CL = 20 pF F, f = B1, See Figure 3 TYP 25°C 0.43 – 55°C 0.54 125°C 0.29 25°C 0.40 – 55°C 0.50 125°C 0.28 25°C 32 25°C 55 – 55°C 80 125°C 40 25°C 525 – 55°C 850 125°C 330 25°C 40° – 55°C 44° 125°C 36° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 10 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA TLC27M4M TLC27M9M MIN SR Slew rate at unity gain RL = 100 Ω, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V VIPP = 5.5 V Vn BOM B1 φm Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ kΩ, CL = 20 pF, F See Figure 1 VI = 10 mV, V See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, F Unity-gain bandwidth Phase margin VI = 10 mV, V CL = 20 pF F, POST OFFICE BOX 655303 f = B1, See Figure 3 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TYP 25°C 0.62 – 55°C 0.81 125°C 0.38 25°C 0.56 – 55°C 0.73 125°C 0.35 25°C 32 25°C 35 – 55°C 50 125°C 20 25°C 635 – 55°C 960 125°C 440 25°C 43° – 55°C 47° 125°C 39° UNIT MAX V/µs nV/√Hz kHz kHz 15 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 operating characteristics, VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C PARAMETER SR Slew rate at unity gain TEST CONDITIONS TLC27M4Y MIN TYP RL = 100 kΩ, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V 0.43 VIPP = 2.5 V 0.40 Vn Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, BOM Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ, CL = 20 pF, See Figure 1 B1 Unity-gain bandwidth VI = 10 mV, See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, φm Phase margin VI = 10 mV, CL = 20 pF, f = B1, See Figure 3 MAX UNIT V/µs 32 nV/√Hz 55 kHz 525 kHz 40° operating characteristics, VDD = 10 V, TA = 25°C PARAMETER SR Slew rate at unity gain TEST CONDITIONS TYP RL = 100 kΩ, CL = 20 pF pF, See Figure 1 VIPP = 1 V 0.62 VIPP = 5.5 V 0.56 Vn Equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 kHz, See Figure 2 RS = 20 Ω, BOM Maximum output-swing bandwidth VO = VOH, RL = 100 kΩ, CL = 20 pF, See Figure 1 B1 Unity-gain bandwidth VI = 10 mV, See Figure 3 CL = 20 pF, φm Phase margin VI = 10 mV, CL = 20 pF, f = B1, See Figure 3 16 TLC27M4Y MIN POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 MAX UNIT V/µs 32 nV/√Hz 35 kHz 635 kHz 43° TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION single-supply versus split-supply test circuits Because the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 are optimized for single-supply operation, circuit configurations used for the various tests often present some inconvenience since the input signal, in many cases, must be offset from ground. This inconvenience can be avoided by testing the device with split supplies and the output load tied to the negative rail. A comparison of single-supply versus split-supply test circuits is shown below. The use of either circuit gives the same result. VDD VDD+ – – VO + CL VO + VI VI RL CL RL VDD – (a) SINGLE SUPPLY (b) SPLIT SUPPLY Figure 1. Unity-Gain Amplifier 2 kΩ 2 kΩ VDD 20 Ω VDD+ – – 1/2 VDD VO VO + + 20 Ω 20 Ω 20 Ω VDD – (a) SINGLE SUPPLY (b) SPLIT SUPPLY Figure 2. Noise-Test Circuit 10 kΩ 10 kΩ VI VO – VO + 1/2 VDD VDD+ + 100 Ω 100 Ω – VI VDD CL CL VDD – (a) SINGLE SUPPLY (b) SPLIT SUPPLY Figure 3. Gain-of-100 Inverting Amplifier POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 17 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION input bias current Because of the high input impedance of the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 operational amplifiers, attempts to measure the input bias current can result in erroneous readings. The bias current at normal room ambient temperature is typically less than 1 pA, a value that is easily exceeded by leakages on the test socket. Two suggestions are offered to avoid erroneous measurements: 1. Isolate the device from other potential leakage sources. Use a grounded shield around and between the device inputs (see Figure 4). Leakages that would otherwise flow to the inputs are shunted away. 2. Compensate for the leakage of the test socket by actually performing an input bias current test (using a picoammeter) with no device in the test socket. The actual input bias current can then be calculated by subtracting the open-socket leakage readings from the readings obtained with a device in the test socket. One word of caution—many automatic testers as well as some bench-top operational amplifier testers use the servo-loop technique with a resistor in series with the device input to measure the input bias current; the voltage drop across the series resistor is measured and the bias current is calculated. This method requires that a device be inserted into the test socket to obtain a correct reading; therefore, an open-socket reading is not feasible using this method. 7 1 V = VIC 8 14 Figure 4. Isolation Metal Around Device Inputs (J and N packages) low-level output voltage To obtain low-supply-voltage operation, some compromise was necessary in the input stage. This compromise results in the device low-level output being dependent on both the common-mode input voltage level as well as the differential input voltage level. When attempting to correlate low-level output readings with those quoted in the electrical specifications, these two conditions should be observed. If conditions other than these are to be used, please refer to Figures 14 through 19 in the Typical Characteristics of this data sheet. 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION input offset voltage temperature coefficient Erroneous readings often result from attempts to measure temperature coefficient of input offset voltage. This parameter is actually a calculation using input offset voltage measurements obtained at two different temperatures. When one (or both) of the temperatures is below freezing, moisture can collect on both the device and the test socket. This moisture results in leakage and contact resistance, which can cause erroneous input offset voltage readings. The isolation techniques previously mentioned have no effect on the leakage since the moisture also covers the isolation metal itself, thereby rendering it useless. It is suggested that these measurements be performed at temperatures above freezing to minimize error. full-power response Full-power response, the frequency above which the operational amplifier slew rate limits the output voltage swing, is often specified two ways: full-linear response and full-peak response. The full-linear response is generally measured by monitoring the distortion level of the output, while increasing the frequency of a sinusoidal input signal until the maximum frequency is found above which the output contains significant distortion. The full-peak response is defined as the maximum output frequency, without regard to distortion, above which full peak-to-peak output swing cannot be maintained. Because there is no industry-wide accepted value for significant distortion, the full-peak response is specified in this data sheet and is measured using the circuit of Figure 1. The initial setup involves the use of a sinusoidal input to determine the maximum peak-to-peak output of the device (the amplitude of the sinusoidal wave is increased until clipping occurs). The sinusoidal wave is then replaced with a square wave of the same amplitude. The frequency is then increased until the maximum peak-to-peak output can no longer be maintained (Figure 5). A square wave is used to allow a more accurate determination of the point at which the maximum peak-to-peak output is reached. (a) f = 1 kHz (b) 1 kHz < f < BOM (c) f = BOM (d) f > BOM Figure 5. Full-Power-Response Output Signal test time Inadequate test time is a frequent problem, especially when testing CMOS devices in a high-volume, short-test-time environment. Internal capacitances are inherently higher in CMOS than in bipolar and BiFET devices and require longer test times than their bipolar and BiFET counterparts. The problem becomes more pronounced with reduced supply levels and lower temperatures. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 19 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE VIO αVIO Input offset voltage Distribution 6, 7 Temperature coefficient of input offset voltage Distribution 8, 9 VOH High level output voltage High-level vs High-level output current vs Supply voltage vs Free-air temperature 10, 11 12 13 VOL Low level output voltage Low-level vs Common-mode input voltage vs Differential input voltage g vs Free-air temperature vs Low-level output current 14, 15 16 17 18, 19 AVD Differential voltage g amplification vs Su Supply ly voltage vs Free-air temperature vs Frequency 20 21 32, 33 IIB IIO Input bias current vs Free-air temperature 22 Input offset current vs Free-air temperature 22 VIC Common-mode input voltage vs Supply voltage 23 IDD Supply current vs Supply y voltage g vs Free-air temperature 24 25 SR Slew rate vs Supply y voltage g vs Free-air temperature 26 27 Normalized slew rate vs Free-air temperature 28 Maximum peak-to-peak output voltage vs Frequency 29 Unity gain bandwidth Unity-gain vs Free-air temperature vs Supply voltage 30 31 Phase shift vs Frequency φm Phase margin g vs Su Supply ly voltage vs Free-air temperature vs Load capacitance 34 35 36 Vn Equivalent input noise voltage vs Frequency 37 VO(PP) B1 20 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 32, 33 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS DISTRIBUTION OF TLC27M4 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF TLC27M4 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE 60 60 612 Amplifiers Tested From 6 Wafer Lots VDD = 5 V TA = 25°C N Package 50 Percentage of Units – % Percentage of Units – % 50 612 Amplifiers Tested From 4 Wafer Lots VDD = 10 V TA = 25°C N Package 40 30 20 10 40 30 20 10 0 0 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 VIO – Input Offset Voltage – mV 4 5 –5 –4 Figure 6 60 224 Amplifiers Tested From 6 Wafer Lots VDD = 5 V TA = 25°C to 125°C N Package Outliers: (1) 33.0 µV/C 50 Percentage of Units – % Percentage of Units – % 5 DISTRIBUTION OF TLC27M4 AND TLC27M9 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 60 40 4 Figure 7 DISTRIBUTION OF TLC27M4 AND TLC27M9 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 50 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 VIO – Input Offset Voltage – mV 30 20 40 224 Amplifiers Tested From 6 Wafer Lots VDD = 10 V TA = 25°C to 125°C N Package Outliers: (1) 34.6 µV/°C 30 20 10 10 0 – 10 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 2 0 2 4 6 8 αVIO – Temperature Coefficient – µV/°C 10 0 – 10 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 2 0 2 4 6 8 αVIO – Temperature Coefficient – µV/°C Figure 8 10 Figure 9 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 21 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT 16 VID = 100 mV TA = 25°C VOH – High-Level Output Voltage – V VOH – High-Level Output Voltage – V 5 4 VDD = 5 V 3 VDD = 4 V VDD = 3 V 2 1 14 VDD = 16 V 12 10 8 VDD = 10 V 6 4 2 0 0 0 –2 –4 –6 –8 IOH – High-Level Output Current – mA 0 – 10 – 5 – 10 – 15 – 20 – 25 – 30 – 35 IOH – High-Level Output Current – mA Figure 10 HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 16 VDD – 1.6 VOH – High-Level Output Voltage – V VID = 100 mV RL = 100 kΩ 14 TA = 25°C 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 16 IOH = – 5 mA VID = 100 mA VDD – 1.7 VDD = 5 V VDD – 1.8 VDD – 1.9 VDD – 2 VDD = 10 V VDD – 2.1 VDD – 2.2 VDD – 2.3 VDD – 2.4 – 75 – 50 Figure 12 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 13 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. 22 – 40 Figure 11 HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE VOH – High-Level Output Voltage – V VID = 100 mV TA = 25°C POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 125 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs COMMON-MODE INPUT VOLTAGE LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs COMMON-MODE INPUT VOLTAGE 500 VDD = 5 V IOL = 5 mA TA = 25°C 650 VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – mV VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – mV 700 600 550 VID = – 100 mV 500 450 400 VID = – 1 V 350 450 400 VID = – 100 mV 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 1 2 3 VIC – Common-Mode Input Voltage – V 0 VID = – 1 V 350 VID = – 2.5 V 300 250 300 VDD = 10 V IOL = 5 mA TA = 25°C 4 0 2 4 6 8 1 3 5 7 9 VIC – Common-Mode Input Voltage – V Figure 14 Figure 15 LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE 900 IOL = 5 mA VIC = |VID/2| 700 TA = 25°C 600 500 VDD = 5 V 400 300 VDD = 10 V 200 100 0 0 –1 –2 –3 –4 –5 –6 –7 –8 VID – Differential Input Voltage – V – 9 – 10 VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – mV 800 VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – mV 10 800 700 IOL = 5 mA VID = – 1 V VIC = 0.5 V VDD = 5 V 600 500 400 VDD = 10 V 300 200 100 0 – 75 – 50 Figure 16 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 125 Figure 17 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 23 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT 1 3 VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – V 0.9 0.8 VOL – Low-Level Output Voltage – V VID = – 1 V VIC = 0.5 V TA = 25°C VDD = 5 V 0.7 VDD = 4 V 0.6 VDD = 3 V 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IOL – Low-Level Output Current – mA VID = – 1 V VIC = 0.5 V TA = 25°C 2.5 VDD = 16 V 2 VDD = 10 V 1.5 1 0.5 0 8 0 5 10 15 20 25 IOL – Low-Level Output Current – mA Figure 18 30 Figure 19 LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 500 500 TA = – 55°C RL = 100 kΩ ÁÁ ÁÁ 400 0°C 350 25°C 300 70°C ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌÁÁ ÁÁ 250 85°C 200 TA = 125°C 150 100 50 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 16 RL = 100 kΩ 450 – 40°C AVD A VD – Large-Signal Differential Voltage Amplification – V/mV AVD A VD – Large-Signal Differential Voltage Amplification – V/mV 450 400 350 VDD = 10 V 300 250 200 150 VDD = 5 V 100 50 0 – 75 – 50 Figure 20 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 21 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. 24 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 125 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† COMMON-MODE INPUT VOLTAGE POSITIVE LIMIT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 10000 16 VDD = 10 V VIC = 5 V See Note A TA = 25°C VIC – Common-Mode Input Voltage – V I IB and I IO – Input Bias and Offset Currents – pA INPUT BIAS CURRENT AND INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 1000 IIB 100 IIO 10 1 0.1 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 25 65 85 105 45 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 0 125 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 16 NOTE A: The typical values of input bias current and input offset current below 5 pA were determined mathematically. Figure 23 Figure 22 SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 1000 1600 VO = VDD/2 No Load 1400 VO = VDD /2 No Load 900 TA = – 55°C – 40°C 1000 0°C 800 25°C 600 70°C 400 TA = 125°C 200 I DD – Supply Current – µ A I DD – Supply Current – µ A 800 1200 700 600 VDD = 10 V 500 400 VDD = 5 V 300 200 100 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 16 0 – 75 – 50 Figure 24 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 125 Figure 25 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 25 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† SLEW RATE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0.9 0.9 AV = 1 VIPP = 1 V RL = 100 kΩ CL = 20 pF TA = 25°C See Figure 1 0.8 SR – Slew Rate – V/ µs 0.8 SR – Slew Rate – V/ µs SLEW RATE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 VDD = 10 V VIPP = 5.5 V 0.7 0.6 VDD = 10 V VIPP = 1 V 0.5 0.4 VDD = 5 V VIPP = 1 V 0.3 0.3 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 0.2 – 75 16 – 50 Figure 26 Normalized Slew Rate 1.1 VO(PP) – Maximum Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage – V VDD = 10 V AV = 1 VIPP = 1 V RL = 100 kΩ CL = 20 pF VDD = 5 V 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 – 75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 125 10 9 VDD = 10 V 8 7 TA = 125°C TA = 25°C 6 TA = – 55°C 5 VDD = 5 V 4 3 RL = 100 kΩ See Figure 1 2 1 0 1 Figure 28 10 100 f – Frequency – kHz Figure 29 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. 26 125 MAXIMUM PEAK-TO-PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY 1.4 1.2 VDD = 5 V VIPP = 2.5 V Figure 27 NORMALIZED SLEW RATE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 1.3 AV = 1 RL = 100 kΩ CL = 20 pF See Figure 1 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1000 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† UNITY-GAIN BANDWIDTH vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE UNITY-GAIN BANDWIDTH vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 800 VDD = 5 V VI = 10 mV CL = 20 pF See Figure 3 800 VI = 10 mV CL = 20 pF TA = 25°C See Figure 3 750 B1 – Unity-Gain Bandwidth – kHz B1 – Unity-Gain Bandwidth – kHz 900 700 600 500 400 700 650 600 550 500 450 300 – 75 400 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 0 125 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V Figure 30 14 16 Figure 31 LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION AND PHASE SHIFT vs FREQUENCY 107 VDD = 5 V RL = 100 kΩ TA = 25°C ÁÁ ÁÁ ÌÌÌ 105 0° AVD 104 30° 103 60° 102 90° Phase Shift AVD A VD – Large-Signal Differential Voltage Amplification 106 Phase Shift 101 120° 1 150° 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10 k f – Frequency – Hz 100 k 180° 1M Figure 32 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 27 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS† LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION AND PHASE SHIFT vs FREQUENCY 107 VDD = 10 V RL = 100 kΩ TA = 25°C ÁÁ ÁÁ ÁÁ ÌÌ ÌÌ 105 0° AVD 10 4 30° 103 60° 102 90° Phase Shift AVD A VD – Large-Signal Differential Voltage Amplification 106 Phase Shift 101 120° 1 150° 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10 k f – Frequency – Hz 100 k 180° 1M Figure 33 PHASE MARGIN vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE PHASE MARGIN vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 50° 45° VI = 10 mV CL = 20 pF TA = 25°C See Figure 3 43° 46° φ m – Phase Margin φ m – Phase Margin 48° VDD = 5 V VI = 10 mV TA = 25°C See Figure 3 44° 42° 41° 39° 37° 40° 38° 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 14 16 35° – 75 – 50 Figure 34 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 35 † Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. 28 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 125 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS PHASE MARGIN vs CAPACITIVE LOAD 44° VDD = 5 V VI = 10 mV TA = 25°C See Figure 3 42° φ m – Phase Margin 40° 38° 36° 34° 32° 30° 28° 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 CL – Capacitive Load – pF 90 100 Figure 36 EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY Vn – Equivalent Input Noise Voltage – nV/ Hz 300 VDD = 5 V RS = 20 Ω TA = 25°C See Figure 2 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 10 100 f – Frequency – Hz 1000 Figure 37 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 29 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION single-supply operation While the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 perform well using dual power supplies (also called balanced or split supplies), the design is optimized for single-supply operation. This design includes an input common-mode voltage range that encompasses ground as well as an output voltage range that pulls down to ground. The supply voltage range extends down to 3 V (C-suffix types), thus allowing operation with supply levels commonly available for TTL and HCMOS; however, for maximum dynamic range, 16-V single-supply operation is recommended. Many single-supply applications require that a voltage be applied to one input to establish a reference level that is above ground. A resistive voltage divider is usually sufficient to establish this reference level (see Figure 38). The low input bias current of the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 permits the use of very large resistive values to implement the voltage divider, thus minimizing power consumption. The TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 work well in conjunction with digital logic; however, when powering both linear devices and digital logic from the same power supply, the following precautions are recommended: 1. Power the linear devices from separate bypassed supply lines (see Figure 39); otherwise, the linear device supply rails can fluctuate due to voltage drops caused by high switching currents in the digital logic. 2. Use proper bypass techniques to reduce the probability of noise-induced errors. Single capacitive decoupling is often adequate; however, high-frequency applications may require RC decoupling. VDD R4 R1 VREF = VDD R2 VI – + VREF R3 VO R3 R1 + R3 R4 + V VO = (VREF – VI) REF R2 C 0.01 µF Figure 38. Inverting Amplifier With Voltage Reference 30 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION single-supply operation (continued) – Output Logic Logic Logic Power Supply + (a) COMMON SUPPLY RAILS – + Output Logic Logic Logic Power Supply (b) SEPARATE BYPASSED SUPPLY RAILS (preferred) Figure 39. Common Versus Separate Supply Rails input characteristics The TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 are specified with a minimum and a maximum input voltage that, if exceeded at either input, could cause the device to malfunction. Exceeding this specified range is a common problem, especially in single-supply operation. Note that the lower range limit includes the negative rail, while the upper range limit is specified at VDD – 1 V at TA = 25°C and at VDD – 1.5 V at all other temperatures. The use of the polysilicon-gate process and the careful input circuit design gives the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 very good input offset voltage drift characteristics relative to conventional metal-gate processes. Offset voltage drift in CMOS devices is highly influenced by threshold voltage shifts caused by polarization of the phosphorus dopant implanted in the oxide. Placing the phosphorus dopant in a conductor (such as a polysilicon gate) alleviates the polarization problem, thus reducing threshold voltage shifts by more than an order of magnitude. The offset voltage drift with time has been calculated to be typically 0.1 µV/month, including the first month of operation. Because of the extremely high input impedance and resulting low bias current requirements, the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 are well suited for low-level signal processing; however, leakage currents on printed-circuit boards and sockets can easily exceed bias current requirements and cause a degradation in device performance. It is good practice to include guard rings around inputs (similar to those of Figure 4 in the Parameter Measurement Information section). These guards should be driven from a low-impedance source at the same voltage level as the common-mode input (see Figure 40). Unused amplifiers should be connected as unity-gain followers to avoid possible oscillation. noise performance The noise specifications in operational amplifier circuits are greatly dependent on the current in the first-stage differential amplifier. The low input bias current requirements of the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 result in a very low noise current, which is insignificant in most applications. This feature makes the devices especially favorable over bipolar devices when using values of circuit impedance greater than 50 kΩ, since bipolar devices exhibit greater noise currents. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 31 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION noise performance (continued) – – VO + + VI (b) INVERTING AMPLIFIER (a) NONINVERTING AMPLIFIER VO + – VI VI VO (c) UNITY-GAIN AMPLIFIER Figure 40. Guard-Ring Schemes output characteristics The output stage of the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 is designed to sink and source relatively high amounts of current (see typical characteristics). If the output is subjected to a short-circuit condition, this high current capability can cause device damage under certain conditions. Output current capability increases with supply voltage. All operating characteristics of the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 were measured using a 20-pF load. The devices drive higher capacitive loads; however, as output load capacitance increases, the resulting response pole occurs at lower frequencies, thereby causing ringing, peaking, or even oscillation (see Figure 41). In many cases, adding a small amount of resistance in series with the load capacitance alleviates the problem. (a) CL = 20 pF, RL = NO LOAD (b) CL = 170 pF, RL = NO LOAD 2.5 V – VO + VI CL – 2.5 V (d) TEST CIRCUIT (c) CL = 190 pF, RL = NO LOAD Figure 41. Effect of Capacitive Loads and Test Circuit 32 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TA = 25°C f = 1 kHz VIPP = 1 V TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION output characteristics (continued) Although the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 possess excellent high-level output voltage and current capability, methods for boosting this capability are available, if needed. The simplest method involves the use of a pullup resistor (RP) connected from the output to the positive supply rail (see Figure 42). There are two disadvantages to the use of this circuit. First, the NMOS pulldown transistor N4 (see equivalent schematic) must sink a comparatively large amount of current. In this circuit, N4 behaves like a linear resistor with an on-resistance between approximately 60 Ω and 180 Ω, depending on how hard the operational amplifier input is driven. With very low values of RP, a voltage offset from 0 V at the output occurs. Second, pullup resistor RP acts as a drain load to N4 and the gain of the operational amplifier is reduced at output voltage levels where N5 is not supplying the output current. VDD RP VO – IF R2 R1 IL VDD – VO IF + IL + IP IP = Pullup current required by the operational amplifier (typically 500 µA) Rp = VO + IP + – VI C RL Figure 42. Resistive Pullup to Increase VOH Figure 43. Compensation for Input Capacitance feedback Operational amplifier circuits nearly always employ feedback, and since feedback is the first prerequisite for oscillation, some caution is appropriate. Most oscillation problems result from driving capacitive loads (discussed previously) and ignoring stray input capacitance. A small-value capacitor connected in parallel with the feedback resistor is an effective remedy (see Figure 43). The value of this capacitor is optimized empirically. electrostatic discharge protection The TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 incorporate an internal electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit that prevents functional failures at voltages up to 2000 V as tested under MIL-STD-883C, Method 3015.2. Care should be exercised, however, when handling these devices, as exposure to ESD may result in the degradation of the device parametric performance. The protection circuit also causes the input bias currents to be temperature-dependent and have the characteristics of a reverse-biased diode. latch-up Because CMOS devices are susceptible to latch-up due to their inherent parasitic thyristors, the TLC27M4 and TLC27M9 inputs and outputs were designed to withstand – 100-mA surge currents without sustaining latch-up; however, techniques should be used to reduce the chance of latch-up whenever possible. Internal protection diodes should not, by design, be forward biased. Applied input and output voltage should not exceed the supply voltage by more than 300 mV. Care should be exercised when using capacitive coupling on pulse generators. Supply transients should be shunted by the use of decoupling capacitors (0.1 µF typical) located across the supply rails as close to the device as possible. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 33 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION latch-up (continued) The current path established if latch-up occurs is usually between the positive supply rail and ground; it can be triggered by surges on the supply lines and/or voltages on either the output or inputs that exceed the supply voltage. Once latch-up occurs, the current flow is limited only by the impedance of the power supply and the forward resistance of the parasitic thyristor and usually results in the destruction of the device. The chance of latch-up occurring increases with increasing temperature and supply voltages. 1N4148 470 kΩ 100 kΩ 5V 1/4 TLC27M4 – 47 kΩ VO 100 kΩ + R2 68 kΩ 1 µF 100 kΩ C2 2.2 nF C1 2.2 nF R1 68 kΩ NOTE: VOPP ≈ 2 V fO = 1 2π √R1R2C1C2 Figure 44. Wien Oscillator IS 5V VI + 1/4 TLC27M9 – 2N3821 R NOTE: VI = 0 V to 3 V V IS = I R Figure 45. Precision Low-Current Sink 34 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION 5V Gain Control 1 MΩ (see Note A) 100 kΩ 1 µF + 0.1 µF + – + 10 kΩ + 1 kΩ 1/4 TLC27M4 1 µF 100 kΩ 100 kΩ NOTE A: Low to medium impedance dynamic mike Figure 46. Microphone Preamplifier 10 MΩ VDD – 1 kΩ – 1/4 TLC27M4 VO 1/4 TLC27M4 VREF + 15 nF + 100 kΩ 150 pF NOTE: VDD = 4 V to 15 V VREF = 0 V to VDD – 2 V Figure 47. Photo-Diode Amplifier With Ambient Light Rejection POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 35 TLC27M4, TLC27M4A, TLC27M4B, TLC27M4Y, TLC27M9 LinCMOS PRECISION QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS093C – OCTOBER 1987 – REVISED MAY 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION 1 MΩ VDD 33 pF – VO + 1/4 TLC27M4 1N4148 100 kΩ 100 kΩ NOTE: VDD = 8 V to 16 V VO = 5 V, 10 mA Figure 48. Low-Power Voltage Regulator 5V 0.01 µF VI 1 MΩ 0.22 µF + VO 1/4 TLC27M4 – 1 MΩ 100 kΩ 100 kΩ 10 kΩ 0.1 µF Figure 49. Single-Rail AC Amplifier 36 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. 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INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated