Page 1 of 5 3976 ADVANCED DATASHEET - 02/19/99 (Subject to change without notice) 24 VCC VBB 1 23 ENABLE2 ENABLE1 2 22 PHASE2 PHASE1 3 n/c 4 21 n/c n/c 5 20 n/c GROUND 6 GROUND 7 n/c 8 OUT1A 9 n/c 10 DUAL FULL BRIDGE PROTECTED MOTOR DRIVER A3976KLB 19 GROUND 18 GROUND 17 n/c 16 OUT2A The A3976 is designed to drive both windings of a bipolar stepper motor or bidirectionally control two DC Motors. Both H-Bridges are capable of continuous output currents of up to +/- 500 mA and operating voltages to 30V. Free wheeling, substrate isolated diodes are included for output transient suppression when switching motors or other inductive loads. For each bridge the PHASE input controls load current polarity by selecting the appropriate source and sink driver pair. The ENABLE input, when held high, enables the respective output H-bridge. When both ENABLE pins are held low the device will enter SLEEP mode and consume less than 100µA. 15 n/c FAULT1 11 14 FAULT2 OUT1B 12 13 OUT2B ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS at TA = +25°C Operating Supply Voltage, VBB .................... 30 V Non-Operating Supply Voltage..................... 35 V Output Current, IOUT ............................± ±500 mA* Logic Supply Voltage, VCC .......................... 7.0 V Fault Output Voltage ................................... 7.0 V Logic Input Voltage Range, VIN.......................... -0.3 V to VCC + 0.3 V Package Power Dissipation (TA = +25°C), PD A3976KLB..................................2.2 W A3976KB ....................................2.9 W Operating Temperature Range, TA ..............................-40°°C to +125°°C Junction Temperature, TJ ......................... +150°°C Storage Temperature Range, TS...............................-55°°C to +150°°C * Output current rating may be limited by duty cycle, ambient temperature, and heat sinking. Under any set of conditions, do not exceed the specified current rating or a junction temperature of 150°C. The 3976 is protected to ensure safe operation in harsh operating environments and was designed specifically for automotive applications. Protection circuitry will check for open or shorted load, motor lead short to ground or supply, VBB overvoltage, VCC undervoltage, and thermal shutdown. If any of these conditions are detected the outputs will be disabled and fault information will be output to diagnostic pins FAULT1 and FAULT2. The 3976 is supplied in a choice of two power packages, a 16-lead plastic DIP with a copper batwing tab (suffix ‘B’), and a 24-lead plastic SOIC with a copper batwing tab (suffix ‘LB’). In both cases, the power tab is at ground potential and needs no electrical isolation. FEATURES n n n n n n n n n n n 30 V , ±500 mA Continuous Output Rating 35V Load Dump Survival Output Short Circuit Protection Coded Fault Diagnostic Outputs Low Current Standby Mode Open Load Monitor Low Current Standby Mode VBB Over Voltage Shutdown Internal Thermal Shutdown Circuitry Internal Low Parasitic Free Wheeling Diodes Crossover Current Protection PART NUMBER PACKAGE RØJA RØJT A3976KLB 24 Lead SOIC 56°°C/W 6°°C/W A3973KB 16 Lead DIP 43°°C/W 6°°C/W Page 2 of 5 3976 Dual Protected PWM Motor Driver Functional Block Diagram (one of two bridges shown) VCC Thermal Shutdown Over/Under Voltage Monitor VBB Short to Supply Monitor FAULT1 Diagnostic Logic FAULT2 To Bridge 2 PHASE1 OUT1A ENABLE1 CONTROL LOGIC PHASE2 OUT1B ENABLE2 OUT2A To Bridge 2 Input Pull Down OUT2B GROUND Short to Ground Monitor Input Logic PHASE X 0 1 ENABLE 0 1 1 OUTA Off Low High OUTB Off High Low Fault Logic Fault Condition Thermal Shutdown Short to Battery or Open Load Short to Ground Normal Operation FAULT1 Low Low High High FAULT2 Low High Low High Page 3 of 5 3976 Dual Protected PWM Motor Driver ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at TA = -40 °C to +125°C, VBB = 30 V, VCC = 5.0 V (Unless noted otherwise) Limits Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units – 30 V 5.5 V Output Drivers Load Supply Voltage Range VBB Operating 6 Logic Supply Range VCC Operating 4.5 Output Current Limit ICL Outputs A or B = GROUND 0.7 1.1 – A Outputs A or B = VBB 0.7 1.1 – A VOUT = VBB – <1.0 50 µA VOUT = 0 V – <1.0 -50 µA Source Driver, IOUT = -350 mA – 1.0 1.2 V Source Driver, IOUT = -500 ma – 1.2 1.3 Sink Driver, IOUT = +350 mA – 0.2 0.4 V Sink Driver, IOUT = +500 ma – 0.4 0.6 V IF = 500 mA (Sink / Ground Clamp) – 1.2 1.5 V IF = 500 mA (Source / Flyback) – 1.55 2.0 V ENABLE1 = ENABLE2 = High – 7 10 mA Sleep Mode ENABLE1 = ENABLE2 = Low – – 25 µA ENABLE1 = ENABLE2 = High – 45 50 MA Sleep Mode, ENABLE1 = ENABLE2 = Low – – 75 µA VIN(1) 0.7VCC – - V VIN(0) – – .3VCC V Output Leakage Current Output Saturation Voltage Clamp Diode Forward Voltage ICEX VCE(SAT) VF (Flyback or Ground Clamp) Control Logic Motor Supply Current IBB (No Load) Logic Supply Current Logic Input Voltage Logic Input Current ICC IIN(1) VIN = 5 V – 50 100 µA IIN(0) VIN = 0V – -1.0 -2.0 µA Page 4 of 5 3976 Dual Protected PWM Motor Driver ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at TA = -40°C +125°C, VBB = 30 V, VDD = 5.0 V (unless noted otherwise) Limits Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units - - 10 µA – 0.8 V Fault Circuitry Fault Output Leakage Fault Output Low Fault Output Current Output Open Load Current Thermal Fault Temp. Thermal Fault Hysteresis IF-LEAK VFL VF = 5 Volts, No Faults Fault Condition Asserted, IF=25 µA VF = 5 Volts, ENABLE=3.5V 25 50 75 µA VBB = 12 V – 2 – mA TF – 170 – °C TFHYS – 10 – °C 27 30 33 V IF I OUT-O.L. OVLO Enable Threshold Vbb rising OVLO Hysteresis 1.5 UVLO Enable Threshold Vcc falling UVLO Hysteresis V 3.5 4 4.5 V – 400 – mV Timing Open Fault to Reset Delay trs VBB = 12 V – – 25 µs PHASE_X Delay to OPEN Fault tof VBB = 12 V – 30 – µs PHASE_X Delay to S.C. Fault tSC VBB = 12 V – 5 – µs ENABLE_X Delay to Fault tof VBB = 12 V – 5 – µs Propagation Delay Times tpd IOUT = ±0.35A, 50%TO 90% ENABLE ON TO SOURCE ON – 0.3 µs ENABLE OFF TO SOURCE OFF – 0.4 µs ENABLE ON TO SINK ON – 0.3 µs ENABLE OFF TO SINK OFF – 0.2 µs PHASE CHANGE TO SINK ON – 4.0 µs PHASE CHANGE TO SINK OFF – 0.3 µs PHASE CHANGE TO SOURCE ON – 4.0 µs PHASE CHANGE TO SOURCE OFF – 0.4 µs 0.5 3.0 Cross Over Dead Time tCODT 1KΩ (1k+1k) Load (VBB to OUT to GND) 6.0 µs Page 5 of 5 3976 Dual Protected PWM Motor Driver APPLICATION NOTES Open Lead Protection. During normal PWM operation diagnostic circuitry will look for a minimum source current level after a bridge is signalled on. Additionally, the diode flyback is monitored on the proper output. The logic will signal a fault and disable the outputs if it determines that the current is below the minimum level AND no flyback is occurring. If the inductive load is too large, the current would take too long to reach the minimal level and a false open load would be reported. It is recommended that the inductive load be less than 38mH. Short Circuit Protection. Internal sense resistors in series with VBB and ground will trip the fault circuitry if greater than 1.1A is detected. To prevent false overcurrent events due to reverse recovery spikes of the clamp diodes, the current monitor is blanked for 5us after a high side is signalled to turn on. If an additional input command follows after the initial fault, the selected pair of drivers will pulse on for the 5us blanking duration. The short circuit fault will remember the input state where the fault occurred and will wait for that particular logic state after the short has been removed before normal operation is allowed to resume. Thermal Protection. Circuitry turns OFF all drivers when the junction temperature reaches 170°C typically. It is intended only to protect the device from failures due to excessive junction temperatures and has a hysteresis of approximately 15°C. Layout. The printed wiring board should use a heavy ground plane. For optimum electrical and thermal performance, the driver should be soldered directly onto the board. The load supply pin, VBB, should be decoupled with an electrolytic capacitor (> 47 µF is recommended) placed as close to the device as possible. Terminal List Pin Name VBB ENABLE1 PHASE1 GROUND OUT1A FAULT1 OUT1B OUT2B FAULT2 OUT2A PHASE2 ENABLE2 VCC NC Pin Description Motor Supply Voltage Control Logic – Bridge 1 Control Logic – Bridge 1 Power Ground Return Bridge 1 Output Diagnostic Output Bridge 1 Output Bridge 2 Output Diagnostic Output Bridge 2 Output Control Logic – Bridge 2 Control Logic – Bridge 2 Logic Supply No Connect 24 Lead SOIC 1 2 3 18,19,6,7 9 11 12 13 14 16 22 23 24 3,4,5,8,15,17,20,21 16 Lead DIP 1 2 3 4,5,12,13 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16