ETC SI3010

Si2401
V. 22 B I S I S O M O D E M ® W I T H I N T E G R A T E D G L O B A L D A A
Features
„
Data modem formats
„
Integrated third-generation DAA
z
2400 bps: V.22bis
z
Fewer external components required
z
1200 bps: V.22, V.23, Bell 212A
z
Over 5000 V capacitive isolation
z
300 bps: V.21, Bell 103
z
Parallel phone detect
z
Fast connect and V.23 reversing
z
Globally-compliant line interface
z
SIA and other security protocols
27 MHz CLKIN support
„ Caller ID detection and decode
„ UART with flow control
„
AT command set support
„ Call progress support
„ 3.3 V Power
„ Low-profile 16-pin SOIC package
„
Ordering Information
See page 70.
Applications
Set-top boxes
„ Point-of-sale
ATM terminals
„ Security systems
„
„
Medical monitoring
„ Power meters
„
Pin Assignments
Si2401
Description
ISOmodem®
The Si2401
is a complete two-chip 2400 bps modem
integrating Silicon Labs’ third-generation direct access arrangement
(DAA), which provides a globally-programmable telephone line interface
with an unprecedented level of integration. Available in two 16-pin SOIC
packages, this compact solution eliminates the need for a separate DSP
data pump, modem controller, codec, isolation transformer, relay, optoisolators, and 2–4 wire hybrid. The Si2401 provides conventional data
formats at connect rates of up to 2400 bps, with full-duplex operation over
the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Additionally, the Si2401
is fully-programmable to meet global standards with a single design.
Other features include fast connect times for electronic point-of-sale
(EPOS) applications and alarm protocols for security systems. The device
is ideal for embedded modem applications due to its small size, low
external component count, and low power consumption.
Functional Block Diagram
Si2401
µ Controller
(AT Decoder,
Call Progress)
RESET
EOFR/GPIO1
CD/GPIO2
ESC/GPIO3
INT/GPIO4
Control
Interface
RI/GPIO5
XTALI
XOUT
DSP
(Data Pump)
Isolation Interface
CTS
Hybrid,
AC and
DC
Terminations
Isolation
Interface
Ring Detect
Clock
Interface
Preliminary Rev. 0.9 5/04
1
16
GPIO1/EOFR
XTALO
2
3
15
14
GPIO2/CD
4
5
13
12
VA
GND
6
11
GPIO4/INT/AOUT
7
8
10
C1A
9
C2A
GPIO5/RI
VD
RXD
TXD
CTS
RESET
GPIO3/ESC
Si3010
QE
1
16
DCT2
DCT
2
3
15
14
IGND
DCT3
4
5
13
12
QB
QE2
SC
RX
IB
C1B
C2B
6
11
VREG
7
10
RNG1
8
9
VREG2
RNG2
Si3010
RX
UART
RXD
TXD
CLKIN/XTALI
Off-Hook
IB
SC
DCT
VREG
VREG2
DCT2
DCT3
U.S. Patent #5,870,046
U.S. Patent #6,061,009
Other patents pending
RNG1
RNG2
QB
QE
QE2
Copyright © 2004 by Silicon Laboratories
Si2401
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change without notice.
Si2401
2
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
TA B L E O F C O N T E N TS
Section
Page
Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Typical Application Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Bill of Materials: Si2401/10 Chipset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Serial Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Configurations and Data Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Global DAA Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Parallel Phone Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Interrupt Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
V.23 Operation/V.23 Reversing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
V.42 HDLC Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fast Connect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Clock Generation Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
AT Command Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Command Line Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
<CR> End-Of-Line Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
AT Command Set Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Alarm Industry AT Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Modem Result Codes and Call Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Low Level DSP Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
DSP Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Call Progress Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
S Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Pin Descriptions: Si2401 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Pin Descriptions: Si3010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Ordering Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Package Outline: 16-Pin SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Document Change List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
3
Si2401
Electrical Specifications
Table 1. Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter1
Ambient Temperature
Si2401 Supply Voltage,
Digital3
Symbol
Test Condition
Min2
Typ
Max2
Unit
TA
F-Grade
0
25
70
°C
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
VD
Notes:
1. The Si2401 specifications are guaranteed when the typical application circuit (including component tolerance) and Si2401
and Si3010 are used. See "Typical Application Schematic" on page 10.
2. All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed and apply across the recommended operating conditions. Typical
values apply at nominal supply voltages and an operating temperature of 25 °C unless otherwise stated.
3. The digital supply, VD, operates from 3.0 to 3.6 V. The Si2401 interface supports 5 V logic (CLKIN/XTALI supports 3.3 V
logic only).
4
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Table 2. Loop Characteristics
(VD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, TA = 0 to 70 °C for F-Grade, see Figure 1 on page 6)
Parameter
Symbol
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 20 mA, ILIM = 0
DCV = 00, MINI = 11, DCR = 0
—
—
6.0
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 120 mA, ILIM = 0
DCV = 00, MINI = 11, DCR = 0
9
—
—
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 20 mA, ILIM = 0
DCV = 11, MINI = 00, DCR = 0
—
—
7.5
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 120 mA, ILIM = 0
DCV = 11, MINI = 00, DCR = 0
9
—
—
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 20 mA, ILIM = 1
DCV = 11, MINI = 00, DCR = 0
—
—
7.5
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 60 mA, ILIM = 1
DCV = 11, MINI = 00, DCR = 0
40
—
—
V
DC Termination Voltage
VTR
IL = 50 mA, ILIM = 1
DCV = 11, MINI = 00, DCR = 0
—
—
40
V
On-Hook Leakage Current
ILK
VTR = –48 V
—
—
5
µA
Operating Loop Current
ILP
MINI = 00, ILIM = 0
10
—
120
mA
Operating Loop Current
ILP
MINI = 00, ILIM = 1
10
—
60
mA
dc current flowing through ring
detection circuitry
—
1.5
3
µA
VRD
RT = 0
13.5
15
16.5
VRMS
VRD
RT = 1
19.35
21.5
23.65
VRMS
Hz
DC Ring Current
Ring Detect Voltage*
Ring Detect Voltage
*
Ring Frequency
Ringer Equivalence Number
FR
15
—
68
REN
—
—
0.2
*Note: The ring signal is guaranteed to not be detected below the minimum. The ring signal is guaranteed to be detected
above the maximum.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
5
Si2401
Table 3. DC Characteristics*
(VD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, TA = 0 to 70°C for F-Grade)
Parameter
Symbol
High Level Input Voltage
Test Condition
VIH
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
2.0
—
—
V
Low Level Input Voltage
VIL
—
—
0.8
V
High Level Output Voltage
VOH
IO = –2 mA
2.4
—
—
V
Low Level Output Voltage
VOL
IO = 1 mA
—
—
0.35
V
Low Level Output Voltage, GPIO1–4
VOL
IO = 10 mA
—
—
0.6
V
Input Leakage Current
Pullup Resistance Pins 5,7,11,14
IL
–10
—
10
µA
RPU
50
100
200
kΩ
Power Supply Current, Digital
ID
VD pin
—
10
15
mA
Power Supply Current, DSP Powerdown
ID
VD pin
—
8
12
mA
Power Supply Current, Wake-On-Ring
ID
VD pin
—
7
10
mA
Power Supply Current, Total Powerdown
ID
VD pin
—
100
—
µA
*Note: Measurements are taken with inputs at rails and no loads on outputs.
TIP
+
600 Ω
Si3010
IL
VTR
10 µF
RING
–
Figure 1. Test Circuit for Loop Characteristics
6
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Table 4. AC Characteristics
(VD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, TA = 0 to 70 °C for F-Grade, Fs = 8 kHz)
Parameter
Symbol
Sample Rate
Test Condition
Fs
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
—
8
—
kHz
Clock Input Frequency
FXTL
default
—
4.9152
—
MHz
Clock Input Frequency
FXTL
>10 kΩ resistor between pin 11
and GND
—
27
—
MHz
Transmit Frequency Response
Low –3 dBFS Corner
—
0
—
Hz
Receive Frequency Response
Low –3 dBFS Corner, FILT = 0
—
5
—
Hz
Receive Frequency Response
Low –3 dBFS Corner, FILT = 1
—
200
—
Hz
VFS
—
1
—
VPEAK
Receive Full Scale Level1,2
VFS
—
1
—
VPEAK
Dynamic Range3
DR
ILIM = 0, DCV = 11, MINI=00
DCR = 0, IL = 100 mA
—
80
—
dB
Dynamic Range3
DR
ILIM = 0, DCV = 00, MINI=11
DCR = 0, IL = 20 mA
—
80
—
dB
Dynamic Range3
DR
ILIM = 1, DCV = 11, MINI=00
DCR = 0, IL = 50 mA
—
80
—
dB
Transmit Total Harmonic
Distortion4
THD
ILIM = 0, DCV = 11, MINI=00
DCR = 0, IL = 100 mA
—
–72
—
dB
Transmit Total Harmonic
Distortion4
THD
ILIM = 0, DCV = 00, MINI=11
DCR = 0, IL = 20 mA
—
–78
—
dB
Receive Total Harmonic
Distortion4
THD
ILIM = 0, DCV = 00, MINI=11
DCR = 0, IL = 20 mA
—
–78
—
dB
Receive Total Harmonic
Distortion4
THD
ILIM = 1,DCV = 11, MINI=00
DCR = 0, IL = 50 mA
—
–78
—
dB
DRCID
VIN = 1 kHz, –13 dBFS
—
50
—
dB
Transmit Full Scale
Level1
Dynamic Range (Caller ID mode)
Notes:
1. Measured at TIP and RING with 600 Ω termination at 1 kHz, as shown in Figure 1 on page 6.
2. Receive full scale level produces –0.9 dBFS at DTX.
3. DR = 20 x log (rms VFS/rms Vin) + 20 x log (rms Vin/rms noise).
4. THD = 20 x log (rms distortion/rms signal).Vin = 1 kHz, –3 dBFS.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
7
Si2401
Table 5. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
DC Supply Voltage
VD
–0.5 to 4.1
V
Input Current, Si2401 Digital Input Pins
IIN
±10
mA
Digital Input Voltage
VIND
–0.3 to 5.3
V
CLKIN/XTALI Input Voltage
VXIND
–0.3 to (VD + 0.3)
V
TA
–10 to 100
°C
TSTG
–40 to 150
°C
Operating Temperature Range
Storage Temperature Range
Note: Permanent device damage may occur if the above absolute maximum ratings are exceeded. Functional operation
should be restricted to the conditions as specified in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
8
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Table 6. Switching Characteristics
(VD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, TA = 0 to 70 °C for F-Grade)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
–1
—
1
%
tcsb
10
—
—
ns
RESET Pulse Width
trl
1
—
—
ms
RESET ↑ to TXD ↓
trs
3
—
—
ms
Baud Rate Accuracy
CTS ↓ Active to Start Bit↓
Note: All timing is referenced to the 50% level of the waveform. Input test levels are VIH = 2.0 V, VIL = 0.8 V
Receive Timing
RXD
8-Bit Data
Mode (Default)
Start
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Stop
Start
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
RXD
9-Bit Data
Mode
Stop
Transmit Timing
TXD
8-Bit Data
Mode (Default)
Start
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Stop
Start
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
TXD
9-Bit Data
Mode
tcsb
Stop
tsbc
CTS
RESET
TXD
trl
trs
Note: Baud rates (programmed through register SE0) are as follows: 300,1200, 2400, 9600, 19200,
38400, 115200, and 307200 Hz.
Figure 2. Asynchronous UART Serial Interface Timing Diagram
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
9
RESET_
RXD
TXD
CTS_
8
5
6
7
16
15
14
11
3
Si2401
RESET
RXD
TXD
CTS
GPIO1
GPIO2
GPIO3
GPIO4
GPIO5
C50
C51
C2A
C1A
XTALO
XTALI/CLKIN
U6
GND
12
GPIO1/EOFR/VCNT/RXCLK
GPIO2/CD_
GPIO3/ESC
GPIO4/AOUT/INT_
GPIO5/RI_
4
VD
VA
13
9
10
2
1
Y1
External
crystal
option
1
C2
C1
R9
C5
Bias
Bypass
Isolation
R13
R12
C41
C40
Emissions
option
2
VDD
C6
10
7
4
6
5
VREG2
VREG
IB
C2B
C1B
U2
DCT
RX
8
9
1
12
13
16
14
2
3
Si3010/18
RNG1
RNG2
QE
QE2
QB
DCT2
DCT3
IGND
15
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
SC
10
C4
R1
Q5
R10
C7
Ring Detect/CID
R2
R11
DC Term
ACT
+
11
Q4
R4
R7
R8
R5
Q1
Z1
R3
Q2
Q3
C10
Hookswitch
Hookswitch/DCT
R6
No Ground Plane In DAA Section
+
D1
C3
-
C9
C8
R15
R16
EMI/EMC
Capacitors
FB1
FB2
Emissions
option
TIP
RV1
RING
EN55022 Conducted
Disturbance
Surge Protection
Refer to AN67 for layout guidelines.
Please submit layout to Silicon Labs
for review prior to PCB fabrication.
Si2401
Typical Application Schematic
Si2401
Bill of Materials: Si2401/10 Chipset
Component
Value
Supplier(s)
C1, C2
33 pF, Y2, X7R, ±20%
Panasonic, Murata, Vishay
C3
10 nF, 250 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
C4
1.0 µF, 50 V, Tant/Elect, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
C5, C6, C50
0.1 µF, 16 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
C7
2.7 nF, 50 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
C8, C9
680 pF, Y2, X7R, ±10%
Panasonic, Murata, Vishay
0.01 µF, 16 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
33 pF, 16 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
0.22 µF, 16 V, X7R, ±20%
Venkel, SMEC
Dual Diode, 225 mA, 300 V, CMPD2004S
Central Semiconductor
FB1, FB2
Ferrite Bead, BLM21AG601SN1
Murata
Q1, Q3
NPN, 300 V, MMBTA42
OnSemi, Fairchild
Q2
PNP, 300 V, MMBTA92
OnSemi, Fairchild
Q4, Q5
NPN, 80 V, 330 mW, MMBTA06
OnSemi, Fairchild
RV1
Sidactor, 275 V, 100 A
Teccor, Protek, ST Micro
R1
1.07 kΩ, 1/2 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R2
150 Ω, 1/16 W, 5%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R3
3.65 kΩ, 1/2 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R4
2.49 kΩ, 1/2 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R5, R6
100 kΩ, 1/16 W, 5%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R7, R8
20 MΩ, 1/16 W, 5%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R9
1 MΩ, 1/16 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R10
536 Ω, 1/4 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
C10
C40, C41
1
C51
D1,
D22
73.2 Ω, 1/2 W, 1%
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
3
0 Ω, 1/16 W
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
R164
0 Ω, 1/16 W
Venkel, SMEC, Panasonic
U1
Si2401
Silicon Labs
U2
Si3010
Silicon Labs
Y11,5
4.9152 MHz, 20 pF, 100 ppm, 150 Ω ESR
ECS Inc., Siward
Z1
Zener Diode, 43 V, 1/2 W, BZX84C43
On Semi
R11
R12, R13
R15,
Notes:
1. In STB applications, C40, C41, and Y1 can be removed when using the 27 MHz clock input feature. See "Clock
Generation Subsystem" on page 20.
2. Several diode bridge configurations are acceptable. For example, a single DF04S or four 1N4004 diodes may be
used.
3. 56 Ω, 1/16 W, 1% resistor may be substituted for R12–R13 (0 Ω) to decrease emissions.
4. Murata BLM21AG601SN1 may be substituted for R15–R16 (0 Ω) to decrease emissions.
5. To ensure compliance with ITU specifications, frequency tolerance must be less than 100 ppm including initial
accuracy, 5-year aging, 0 to 70 °C, and capacitive loading. 50 ppm initial accuracy crystals typically satisfy this
requirement.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
11
Si2401
Functional Description
The Si2401 is a complete modem chipset with
integrated direct access arrangement (DAA) that
provides a programmable line interface to meet global
telephone line requirements. Available in two 16-pin
small-outline packages, this solution includes a DSP
data pump, modem controller, codec, and DAA.
The modem accepts simple modem AT commands and
provides connect rates up to 2400 bps full-duplex over
the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) with
V.42 hardware support through HDLC framing. To
minimize handshake times, the Si2401 can implement a
V.22-based fast connect. The modem also supports the
V.23 reversing protocol and standard alarm formats
including SIA.
This device is ideal for embedded modem applications
due to its small board space, low power consumption,
and global compliance. The Si2401 solution integrates a
silicon DAA using Silicon Laboratories’ proprietary thirdgeneration DAA technology. This highly-integrated DAA
can be programmed using the Si3010 to meet
worldwide PTT specifications for ac termination, dc
termination, ringer impedance, and ringer threshold.
The DAA can also monitor line status for parallel
handset detection and overcurrent conditions.
The Si2401 is designed for rapid assimilation into
existing modem applications. The device interfaces
directly through a UART to a microcontroller. The
Si2401URT-EVB evaluation board connects directly to a
standard RS-232 interface. This allows for evaluation of
the modem immediately upon powerup via
HyperTerminal or any standard terminal software.
The chipset can be fully programmed to meet
international telephone line interface requirements with
full compliance to FCC, TBR21, JATE, and other
country-specific PTT specifications. In addition, the
Si2401 has been designed to meet the most stringent
worldwide requirements for out-of-band energy, billingtone immunity, high voltage surges, and safety
requirements.
Table 7. Selectable Configurations
Modulation
Carrier
Frequency (Hz)
Data Rate
(bps)
Standard
Compliance
V.21
FSK
1080/1750
300
Full
V.22*
DPSK
1200/2400
1200
Full
V.22bis*
QAM
Configuration
1200/2400
2400
No retrain
1300/2100
1200/75
1300/1700
600/75
Full; plus reversing
(Europe)
FSK
1170/2125
300
Full
Bell 212A
DPSK
1200/2400
1200
Full
Security
DTMF
—
40
Full
SIA—Pulse
Pulse
—
Low
Full
SIA Format
FSK
1170/2125
300 half-duplex
300 bps only
V.23
V.23
Bell 103
FSK
*Note: The Si2401 only adjusts its DCE rate from 2400 bps to 1200 bps if it is connecting to a V.22-only (1200 bps only)
modem. Because the V.22bis specification does not outline a fallback procedure, the host should implement a
fallback mechanism consisting of hanging up and connecting at a lower baud rate. Retraining to accommodate
changes in line conditions that occur during a call must be implemented by terminating the call and redialing.
12
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Serial Interface
The Si2401 has a universal asynchronous receiver/
transmitter (UART) serial interface compatible with
standard microcontroller serial interfaces. After powerup
or reset, the speed of the serial (Data Terminal
Equipment—DTE) interface is set by default to
2400 bps with the 8-bit, no parity, and one-stop bit (8N1)
format described below.
Table 9. Modem Configuration Examples
(S07[7] (HDEN) = 0, S07[6] (BD) = 0)
Modem Protocol
Register S07 Values
V.22bis
0x06
V.22
0x02
V.21
0x03
Bell 212A
0x00
The serial interface DTE rate can be modified by writing
SE0[2:0] (SD) with the value corresponding to the
desired DTE rate. (See Table 8.) This is accomplished
with the command, ATSE0=xx, where xx is the
hexadecimal value of the SE0 register.
Bell 103
0x01
V.23 (1200 tx, 75 rx)
0x14
V.23 (75 tx, 1200 rx)
0x24
V.23 (600 tx, 75 rx)
0x10
Table 8. DTE Rates
V.23 (75 tx, 600 rx)
0x20
DTE Rate (bps)
SE0[2:0] (SD)
300
000
1200
001
2400
010
9600
011
19200
100
38400
101
115200
110
307200
111
Immediately after the ATSE0=xx string is sent, the host
UART must be reprogrammed to the new DTE rate in
order to communicate with the Si2401.
The carriage return character following the ATSE0=xx
string must be sent at the new DTE rate to observe the
“O” response code. See Table 12 on page 21 for the
response code summary.
Configurations and Data Rates
The Si2401 can be configured to any of the Bell and
CCITT operation modes listed in Table 9. When
configured for V.22bis, the modem connects at
1200 bps if the far end modem is configured for V.22.
This device also supports SIA and other protocols for
the security industry. Table 7 provides the modulation
method, carrier frequencies, data rate, baud rate, and
notes on standard compliance for each modem
configuration of the Si2401. Table 9 shows example
register settings (S07) for some of the modem
configurations.
As shown in Figure 3, 8-bit and 9-bit data modes refer to
the DTE format over the UART. Line data formats are
configured through registers S07 (MF1) and S15 (MLC).
If the number of bits specified by the format differs from
the number of bits specified by the DCE data
communications equipment or line (DTE) format, the
MSBs are either dropped or bit-stuffed, as appropriate.
For example, if the DTE format is 9 data bits (9N1), and
the line data format is 8 data bits (8N1), the MSB from
the DTE is dropped as the 9-bit word is passed from the
DTE side to the DCE (line) side. In this case, the
dropped ninth bit can then be used as an escape
mechanism. However, if the DTE format is 8N1, and the
line data format is 9N1, an MSB equal to 0 is added to
the 8-bit word as it is passed from the DTE side to the
DCE side.
The Si2401 UART does not continuously check for stop
bits on the incoming digital data. Therefore, if the TXD
pin is not high, the RXD pin may echo meaningless
characters to the host UART. This requires the host
UART to flush its receiver FIFO upon initialization.
Si2401
TXD
Si3010
RJ11
RXD
DTE Interface
DCE (Line) Interface
Data Rate: SE0[2:0] (SD)
Data Format: SE0[3] (ND)
Data Rate: S07 (MF1)
Data Format: S15 (MLC)
Figure 3. Link and Line Data Formats
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
13
Si2401
Command/Data Mode
Upon reset, the modem is in command mode and
accepts AT-style commands. An outgoing modem call
can be made using the “ATDT#” (tone dial) or “ATDP#”
(pulse dial) command after the device is configured. If
the handshake is successful, the modem responds with
the “c”, “d”, or “v” string and enter data mode. (The byte
following the “c”, “d”, or “v” is the first data byte.) At this
point, AT-style commands are not accepted. There are
three methods that may be used to return the Si2401 to
command mode:
Use the ESC pin—To program the GPIO3 pin to
function as an ESCAPE input, set GPIO3
SE2[5:4] = 11. In this setting, a positive edge
detected on this pin returns the modem to command
mode. The “ATO” string can be used to re-enter data
mode.
„ Use 9-bit data mode—If 9-bit data format with
escape is programmed, a 1 detected on bit 9 returns
the modem to command mode. (See Figure 2 on
page 9.) This is enabled by setting SE0[3] (ND) = 1
and S15[0] (NBE) = 1. The ATO string can be used
to reenter data mode. Ninth bit escape does not
work in the security modes.
„ Use “+++”—The escape sequence is a sequence of
three escape characters that are set in S-register
S0F (“+” characters by default). If the ISOmodem®
chipset detects the “+++” sequence and detects no
activity on the UART before or after the “+++”
sequence for a time period set by S-register S10, it
returns to command mode. To disable this escape
sequence, set S-register S10=FF. To remove the
time-dependent behavior, set S-register S10=00.
Whether using an escape method or not, when the
carrier is lost, the modem automatically returns to
command mode and reports “N”.
„
8-Bit Data Mode (8N1)
The 8-bit data mode is the default mode after powerup
or reset and is set by SE0[3] (ND) = 0b. It is
asynchronous, full duplex, and uses a total of 10 bits
including a start bit (logic 0), eight data bits, and a stop
bit (logic 1). Data received from the remote modem is
transferred from the Si2401 to the host on the RXD pin.
Data transfer to the host begins when the Si2401
asserts a logic 0 start bit on RXD. Data is shifted out of
the Si2401 LSB first at the DTE rate determined by the
SE0[2:0] (SD) setting and terminates with a stop bit.
Data from the host for transmission to the remote
modem is shifted to the Si2401 on TXD beginning with a
start bit, LSB first at the DTE rate determined by the
SE0[2:0] setting and terminates with a stop bit. After the
middle of the stop bit time, the Si2401 begins looking for
14
a logic 1 to logic 0 transition signaling the start of the
next character on TXD to be sent to the line (remote
modem).
9-Bit Data Mode (9N1)
The 9-bit data mode is set by SE0[3] (ND) = 1. It is
asynchronous, full duplex, and uses a total of 11 bits
including a start bit (logic 0), 9 data bits, and a stop bit
(logic 1). Data received from the line (remote modem) is
transferred from the Si2401 to the host on the RXD pin.
Data transfer to the host begins when the Si2401
asserts a logic 0 start bit on RXD. Data is shifted out of
the Si2401 LSB first at the DTE rate determined by the
SE0[2:0] (SD) setting and terminates with a stop bit.
Data from the host for transmission to the line (remote
modem) is shifted to the Si2401 on TXD beginning with
a start bit, LSB first at the DTE rate determined by the
S-Register SE0[2:0] (SD) setting, and terminates with a
stop bit. After the middle of the stop bit time, the Si2401
begins looking for a logic 1 to logic 0 transition signaling
the start of the next character on TXD to be sent to the
line (remote modem).
The ninth data bit may be used to indicate an escape by
setting S15[0] (NBE) = 1. In this mode, the ninth data bit
is normally set to 0 when the modem is online. When
the ninth data bit is set to 1, the modem goes offline into
command mode, and the next frame is interpreted as an
AT command. Data mode can be reentered using the
ATO command.
Flow Control
No flow control is needed if the DTE rate and DCE rate
are the same. If the serial link (DTE) data rate is set
higher than the line (DCE) rate of the modem, flow
control is required to prevent loss of data to the
transmitter.
To control data flow, the clear-to-send (CTS) pin is used.
When CTS is asserted, the Si2401 is ready to accept a
character. While CTS is negated, no data should be
sent to the Si2401 on TXD. To simplify flow control, the
Si2401 has an integrated ten character transmit FIFO
and allows for two different CTS reporting methods. By
default, the CTS pin is negated as soon as a start bit is
detected on the TXD pin and remains negated until the
modem is ready to accept another character (see
Figure 2 on page 9.) By setting SFC7[7]=1 (CTSM),
CTS is negated when the FIFO is 70% full and is
reasserted when the FIFO is 30% full.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Low Power Modes
(WOR) = 1 (WOR = 0b by default).
„
The Si2401 has three low-power modes:
DSP Powerdown. The DSP processor can be
powered down by setting register
SEB[3] (PDDE) = 1.
In this mode, the serial interface still functions, and
the modem detects ringing and intrusion. However,
no modem modes or tone detection features
function.
„ Wake-Up-On-Ring. By issuing the ATz command,
the Si2401 goes into a low-power mode where both
the microcontroller and DSP are powered down.
Only an incoming ring, a low TXD signal, or a total
reset will power up the chip again. Return from
wake-on-ring triggers the INT pin if S09[6]
„
Total Powerdown. Setting SF1[5] = 1 and SF1[6] = 1
places the Si2401 into a total powerdown mode. All
logic is powered down including the crystal oscillator
and clock-out pin. Only a hardware reset can restart
the Si2401.
Global DAA Operation
The Si2401 chipset contains an integrated silicon direct
access arrangement (silicon DAA) that provides a
programmable line interface to meet international
telephone line requirements. Table 10 gives the DAA
register settings required to meet various country PTT
standards.
Table 10. Country-Specific Register Settings
Register
SF5
SF6
Country
OHS
ILIM
RZ
RT
Australia
10
0
0
0
00
00
0011
Brazil
00
0
0
0
00
00
0000
TBR212
00
1
0
0
11
11
0011
Czech Republic
00
0
0
0
11
11
0011
00
0
0
0
11
11
0000
00
1
0
0
11
11
0011
Malaysia
00
0
0
0
00
00
0000
New Zealand
00
0
0
0
11
11
0100
Nigeria
00
1
0
0
11
11
0011
Philippines
00
0
0
0
00
00
0000
Poland, Slovenia
00
0
1
1
11
11
0000
South Africa
10
0
1
0
11
11
0000
South Korea
00
0
1
0
11
11
0000
1
3
FCC
Latvia
4
MINI[1:0] DCV[1:0] ACT[3:0]
Notes:
1. The following countries require the same settings as Brazil: Armenia, China, Egypt, Georgia,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Moldova, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Russia,
Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine.
2. The following countries require the same settings as TBR21: Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Guadeloupe, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Martinique,
Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Polynesia (French), Portugal, Reunion, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.
3. The following countries require the same settings as FCC: Argentina, Brunei, Canada, Chile,
Columbia, Dubai, Equador, El Salvador, Guam, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait,
Macao, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Tunisia, UAE,
USA, Venezuela, Yemen.
4. Supported for loop current ≥ 20mA.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
15
Si2401
Parallel Phone Detection
The ISOmodem® chipset is able to detect when another
telephone, modem, or other device is using the phone
line. This allows the host to avoid interrupting another
phone call when the phone line is already in use and to
intelligently handle an interruption when the ISOmodem
chipset is using the phone line.
On-Hook Intrusion Detection
When the ISOmodem chipset is sharing the telephone
line with other devices, it is important that it not interrupt
a call in progress. To detect when another device is
using the shared telephone line, the host can use the
ISOmodem chipset to monitor the TIP-RING dc voltage
with the LVS[7:0] bits (SDB). The LVS[7:0] bits have a
resolution of 1 V per bit with an accuracy of
approximately ±10%. Bits 0 through 6 of this 8-bit signed
2’s complement number indicate the value of the line
voltage, and the sign bit (bit 7) indicates the polarity of
TIP and RING.
When all devices on a particular telephone line are onhook, there is no loop current flowing through TIP and
RING. Therefore, the voltage across TIP and RING is at
a maximum. (On most telephone lines, this on-hook
voltage is a minimum of 40 V.) Once a device goes offhook, current flows through TIP and RING on that
device, and the TIP-RING voltage drops appreciably.
(On most telephone lines, this off-hook voltage is a
maximum of 20 V.)
If the host checks the TIP-RING voltage via LVS before
causing the ISOmodem chipset to dial out or go offhook, the host can determine if another device is using
the telephone line. One way to do this is to verify that
the voltage represented in LVS is above some fixed
threshold, such as 30 V.
Off-Hook Intrusion Detection
After it has been determined that it is safe to use the
phone line without interrupting a call, the host can
instruct the ISOmodem chipset to begin a call or go offhook. However, once the call has begun and the
ISOmodem chipset is in data mode, the serial port is
used for modem data making it difficult for the host to
monitor registers. Therefore, when the ISOmodem
chipset is off-hook, an algorithm is implemented to
automatically monitor the TIP-RING loop current via the
LCS register (SF3). Because the TIP-RING voltage
drops significantly when off-hook, TIP-RING current is a
better indicator of another device using the phone line.
The LCS[7:0] bits have a resolution of 1.1 mA per bit.
An LCS register value of 0x00 indicates less than the
required loop current is present, and a value of 0xFF
indicates excessive current draw (>120 mA if ILIM = 0
or >60 mA if ILIM = 1). The user can read these bits
16
directly through the LCS register. Upon detecting an
intrusion, an "i" result code is sent to the host if it is in
the call negotiation stage or command mode.
Otherwise, the modem can be programmed to generate
an interrupt to notify the host of the intrusion.
The off-hook intrusion algorithm monitors the value of
LCS (SF3) at a sample rate determined by the DGSR
(SDF, bits 6:0) register (40 ms units). The algorithm
compares each LCS sample to the reference value in
the ACL register (S12). If LCS is lower than ACL by an
amount greater than DCL (S11, bits 4:0), the algorithm
waits for another LCS sample, and if the next LCS
sample is also lower than ACL by an amount greater
than DCL, an interrupt occurs. This helps the
ISOmodem chipset avoid a false parallel phone
detection (PPD) interrupt due to glitches on the phone
line. The ACL is continually updated with the value of
LCS as outlined below. The algorithm can be outlined
as follows:
If
LCS(t) = LCS(t – 40 ms x DGSR)
and
LCS(t) – ACL > DCL
then ACL = LCS(t)
If
(ACL – LCS[t – 40 ms x DGSR]) > DCL)
and
(ACL – LCS[t]) > DCL)
then an intrusion is sent to the host.
The very first sample of LCS the algorithm uses after
going off-hook does not have any previous samples for
comparison. If LCS was measured during a previous
call, this value of LCS may be used as an initial
reference. ACL may be written by the host with this
known value of LCS. If ACL is non-zero, the ISOmodem
chipset uses ACL as the first valid LCS sample in the
off-hook intrusion algorithm. If ACL is 0 (default after
reset), the ISOmodem chipset ignores the register and
does not begin operating the algorithm until two LCS
samples have been received. Additionally, immediately
after a modem call, ACL is updated automatically with
the last valid LCS value before a parallel phone
detection (PPD) intrusion or going back on-hook.
The off-hook intrusion algorithm does not begin to
operate immediately after going off-hook. This is to
avoid triggering an interrupt due to transients resulting
from the ISOmodem chipset itself going from on-hook to
off-hook. The time that elapses between the ISOmodem
chipset going off-hook and the intrusion algorithm
starting defaults to one second and may be adjusted via
the IST register (S82, bits 7:4). If ACL is written to a
non-zero value before going off-hook, a parallel phone
intrusion that occurs during this IST interval and
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
sustains through the end of the interval triggers an
interrupt.7
The off-hook intrusion algorithm may additionally be
disabled for a period of time after dialing begins via the
IB register (S82, bits 2:1). This avoids triggering an
interrupt due to pulse dialing, open-switch intervals, or
line transients from central office switching. Intrusion
may be disabled from the start of dialing to the end of
dialing (IB = Dlb), from the start of dialing to the timeout
of the IS (S29, bits 7:0) by setting IB = 10b(IB = 2) or
from the start of dial to carrier detect by setting IB = 11.
The off-hook intrusion algorithm is only suspended (not
disabled) during this IB interval. Therefore, any intrusion
that occurs during the IB interval and sustains through
the end of the interval triggers a PPD interrupt.
Interrupt Detection
The INT interrupt pin can be programmed to alert the
host of loss-of-carrier, loss-of-phone-line voltage/
current, parallel phone detection, and other interrupts
listed in the interrupt status mask (S08). After the host
receives an interrupt via the INT pin, the host should
issue the AT:I command. This command causes a readclear of the WOR, PPD, NLD, RI, OCD, and REV bits of
the S09 register and raises (deactivates) the INT pin. All
the interrupt status bits in register S09 remain high after
being set until cleared by the AT:I command.
Loop Current Detection
In addition to monitoring parallel phone intrusion, it is
possible to monitor the loss of loop current. This feature
can be enabled by setting S08[4] (NLDM) = 1. This
feature is disabled by default. If the loop current is too
low for normal DAA operation, S09[4] (NLD) is set.
During this event, if the NLR result code is enabled by
setting S62[1](NLR) = 1, the “l” result code is sent. Once
the loop current returns to a normal current state, the “L”
result code is sent. The INT pin is also asserted if
enabled.
Loss-of-Carrier Detection
The Si2401 has two methods of implementing a loss-ofcarrier function. If GPIO4 is programmed as INT and if
S08[7](CDM)=1, INT asserts in data mode when a lossof-carrier is detected. The carrier detect function may
also be implemented on GPIO2 by setting SE2[3:2]
(GPIO2) = 01 and SOC[7](CDE) = 1.
Overcurrent Detection
The Si2401 has an integrated overcurrent detection
feature. The Si2401 begins monitoring for an
overcurrent condition at a programmable time set by
S32 (OCDT) after going off-hook (default = 20 ms). If an
overcurrent condition is detected, the Si2401 sets
S09[1] interrupt status. As long as GPIO4 is
programmed as INT and the overcurrent mask bit is
enabled by setting S08[1](OCDM) = 1, INT asserts
during an overcurrent situation. The host may then
check S09[1] (OCD) via the AT:I command to confirm
that an overcurrent condition occurred.
Caller ID Decoding Operation
The Si2401 supports full caller ID detection and decode
for US Bellcore and UK standards. To use the caller ID
decoding feature, the following configuration is
necessary:
1. Set SE0[3] (ND) = 0b (set modem to 8N1 configuration).
2. Set S0C[6:5] (CIDM) = 01 (set modem to Bellcore type
caller ID) or S13[2] (CIDB) = 1 (set modem to UK type
caller ID).
Caller ID Monitor/Bellcore Caller ID
The Si2401 continuously monitors the phone line for the
caller ID mark signals. This can be useful in systems
that require detection of caller ID data before the ring
signal, voice mail indicator signals, and Type II caller ID
monitor support. To force the Si2401 into caller ID
monitor mode, set SOC[6:5] (CIDM) = 11.
Note: CIDM should be disabled before going off-hook.
UK Caller ID Operation
The Si2401 starts searching for the Idle State Tone Alert
Signal. When this signal has been detected, the Si2401
transmits an “a” to the host. After the Idle State Tone
Alert Signal is completed, the Si2401 applies the
wetting pulse for the required 15 ms by quickly going
off-hook and on-hook. From this point on, the algorithm
is identical to that of Bellcore in that it searches for the
channel seizure signal and the marks before echoing an
“m” and then reports the decoded caller ID data.
V.23 Operation/V.23 Reversing
The Si2401 supports full V.23 operation including the
V.23 reversing procedure. V.23 operation is enabled by
setting S07 (MF1) = xx10xx00b or xx01xx00b. If
S07[5] (V23R) = 1, the Si2401 transmits data at 75 bps
and receives data at 600 or 1200 bps. If
S07[4] (V23T) = 1, the Si2401 receives data at 75 bps
and transmits data at 600 or 1200 bps. S07[2] (BAUD)
is the 1200 or 600 bps indicator. BAUD = 1 enables the
1200/600 V.23 channel to run at 1200 bps, while
BAUD = 0b enables 600 bps operation.
When a V.23 connection is successfully established, the
modem responds with a “c” character if the connection
is made with the modem transmitting at 1200/600 bps
and receiving at 75 bps. The modem responds with a
“v” character if a V.23 connection is established with the
modem transmitting at 75 bps and receiving at 1200/
600 bps.
The Si2401 supports the V.23 turnaround procedure.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
17
Si2401
This allows a modem that is transmitting at 75 bps to
initiate a “turnaround” procedure so that it can begin
transmitting data at 1200/600 bps and receiving data at
75 bps. The modem is defined as being in V.23 master
mode if it is transmitting at 75 bps, and it is defined as
being in slave mode if the modem is transmitting at
1200/600 bps. The following paragraphs give a detailed
description of the V.23 turnaround procedure.
Modem in Master Mode
To perform a direct turnaround once a modem
connection is established, the master host goes into
online-command-mode by sending an escape
command (Escape pin activation, TIES, or ninth bit
escape) to the master modem.
Note: The host can initiate a turnaround only if the Si2401 is
the master.
The host then sends the ATRO command to the Si2401
to initiate a V.23 turnaround and return to the online
(data) mode.
The Si2401 then changes its carrier frequency (from
390 Hz to 1300 Hz) and wait to detect a 390 Hz carrier
for 440 ms. If the modem detects more than 40 ms of a
390 Hz carrier in a time window of 440 ms, it echoes the
“c” response character. If the modem does not detect
more than 40 ms of a 390 Hz carrier in a time window of
440 ms, it hangs up and echoes the “N” (no carrier)
character as a response.
Modem in Slave Mode
Configure GPIO4 as INT (SE2[7:6] [GPIO4] = 11). The
Si2401 performs a reverse turnaround when it detects a
carrier drop longer than 20 ms. The Si2401 then
reverses (changes its carrier from 1300 Hz to 390 Hz)
and waits to detect a 1300 Hz carrier for 400 ms. If the
Si2401 detects more than 40 ms of a 1300 Hz carrier in
a time window of 400 ms, it sets the S09[7] bit, and the
next character echoed by the Si2401 is a “v”.
If the Si2401 does not detect more than 40 ms of the
1300 Hz carrier in a time window of 400 ms, it reverses
again and waits to detect a 390 Hz carrier for 440 ms.
Then, if the Si2401 detects more than 40 ms of a
390 Hz carrier in a time window of 220 ms, it sets the
S09[7] bit, and the next character echoed by the Si2401
is a “c”.
At this point, if the Si2401 does not detect more than
40 ms of the 390 Hz carrier in a time window of 440 ms,
it hangs up, sets the S09[7] bit, and the next character
echoed by the Si2401 is an “N” (no carrier).
of the INT condition by using 9-bit data mode. Setting
S15[0] (NBE) = 1 and S0C[3] (9BF) = 0b configures the
ninth bit on the Si2401 TXD path to function exactly as
the INT pin has been described.
V.42 HDLC Mode
The Si2401 supports V.42 through hardware HDLC
framing in all modem data modes. Frame packing and
unpacking including opening and closing flag generation
and detection, CRC computation and checking, zero
insertion and deletion, and modem data transmission
and reception are all performed by the Si2401. V.42
error correction and V.42bis data compression must be
performed by the host.
The digital link interface in this mode uses the same
UART interface (8-bit data and 9-bit data formats) as in
the asynchronous modes, and the ninth data bit may be
used as an escape by setting S15[0] (NBE) = 1. When
using HDLC in 9-bit data mode, if the ninth bit is not
used as an escape, it is ignored.
To use the HDLC feature on the Si2401, the host must
enable HDLC operation by setting S13[1] (HDEN) = 1.
The host may initiate the call or answer the call using
either the “ATDT#”, the “ATA” command or the autoanswer mode. (The auto-answer mode is implemented
by setting register S00 (NR) to a non-zero value.) When
the call is connected, a “c”, “d”, or a “v” is echoed to the
host controller. The host may now send/receive data
across the UART using either the 8-bit data or 9-bit data
formats with flow control.
At this point, the Si2401 begins framing data into the
HDLC format. On the transmit side, if no data is
available from the host, the HDLC flag pattern is sent
repeatedly. When data is available, the Si2401
computes the CRC code throughout the frame, and the
data is sent with the HDLC zero-bit insertion algorithm.
HDLC flow control operates in a similar manner to
normal asynchronous flow control across the UART and
is shown in Figure 4. To operate flow control (using the
CTS pin to indicate when the Si2401 is ready to accept
a character), a DTE rate higher than the line rate should
be selected. The method of transmitting HDLC frames
is as follows:
1. After the call is connected, the host should begin sending
the frame data to the Si2401 using the CTS flow control to
ensure data synchronicity.
Successful completion of a turnaround procedure in
master or slave mode automatically updates
S07[4] (V23T) and S07[5] (V23R) to indicate the new
status of the V.23 connection.
2. When the frame is complete, the host should simply stop
sending data to the Si2401. Since the Si2401 does not yet
recognize the end-of-frame, it expects an extra byte and
assert CTS as shown in Figure 4A. If CTS is used to cause
a host interrupt, this final interrupt should be ignored by the
host.
To avoid using the INT pin, the host may also be notified
3. When the Si2401 is ready to send the next byte, if it has
18
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
not yet received any data from the host, it recognizes this
as an end-of-frame, raise CTS, calculates the final CRC
code, transmits the code, and begins transmitting stop
flags.
4. After transmitting the first stop flag, the Si2401 lowers CTS
indicating that it is ready to receive the next frame from the
host. At this point, the process repeats as in Step 1.
The method of receiving HDLC frames is as follows:
1. After the call is connected, the Si2401 searches for flag
data. Then, once the first non-flag word is detected, the
CRC is continuously computed, and the data is sent
across the UART (8-bit data or 9-bit data mode) to the host
after removing the HDLC zero-bit insertion. The DTE rate
of the host must be at least as high as that of data
transmission. HDLC mode only works with 8-bit data
words; the ninth bit is used only for escape on TXD and
end-of-frame received (EOFR) on RXD.
2. When the Si2401 detects the stop flag, it sends the last
data word in the frame as well as the two CRC bytes and
determine if the CRC checksum matches. Thus, the last
two bytes are not frame data but are the CRC bytes, which
can be discarded by the host. If the checksum matches,
3. When the next frame of data is detected, EOFR is lowered,
and the process repeats at Step 1.
To summarize, when receiving HDLC frames, the host
begins receiving data asynchronously from the Si2401.
When each byte is received, the host should check the
EOFR pin (or the ninth bit). If the EOFR pin (or the ninth
bit) is low, the data is valid frame data. If the EOFR pin
(or the ninth bit) is high, the data is a frame result word.
Host finished sending frame N
Host begins frame N
TXD
the Si2401 echoes “G” (good). If the checksum does not
match, the Si2401 echoes “e” (error). Additionally, if the
Si2401 detects an abort (seven or more contiguous ones),
it echoes an “A”.
When the “G”, “e”, or “A” (referred to as a frame result
word) is sent, the Si2401 raises the EOFR (end of frame
receive) pin (see Figure 4B). The GPIO1 pin must be
configured as EOFR by setting SE4[3] (GPE) = 1. In
addition to using the EOFR pin to indicate that the byte is a
frame result word, if in 9-bit data mode (set
S15[0] (NBE) = 1), the ninth bit is raised if the byte is a
frame result word. To program this mode, set
S0C[3] (9BF) = 1 and SE0[3] (ND) = 1.
Start
Frame N
Si2400 ready for byte 1 of frame N
Host begins frame N + 1
Stop
Start
Frame N + 1
Si2401 detects end of frame N.
(CTS used as normal flow control.)
Si2401 ready for byte 1
of frame N + 1.
CTS
Note: Figure not to scale.
A. Frame Transmit
RXD
EOFR
(or bit 9)
Start
Receive Data
Stop
Start
CRC Byte 1
Stop
Start
CRC Byte 2
Stop
Start
Frame Result Word
Stop
B. Frame Receive
Figure 4. HDLC Timing
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
19
Si2401
Fast Connect
Clock Generation Subsystem
In modem applications that require fast connection
times, it is possible to reduce the length of the
handshake.
The Si2401 contains an on-chip clock generator. Using
a single master clock input, the Si2401 can generate all
modem sample rates necessary to support V.22bis,
V.22/Bell212A, and V.21/Bell103 standards and a
9.6 kHz rate for audio playback. Either a 27 MHz or
4.9152 MHz clock on XTALI or a 4.9152 MHz crystal
across XTALI and XTALO form the master clock for the
Si2401. This clock source is sent to an internal phaselocked loop (PLL) that generates all necessary internal
system clocks. The PLL has a settling time of ~1 ms.
Data on RXD should not be sent to the device prior to
settling of the PLL. By default, the Si2401 assumes a
4.9152 MHz clock input. If a 27 MHz clock on XTALI is
used, a pulldown resistor <10 kΩ must be placed
between GPIO4 (Si2401, pin 11) and GND.
Additional modem handshaking control can be adjusted
through the registers shown in Table 11. These registers
are most useful if the user has control of both the
originating and answering modems.
When the fast connect settings are used, there may be
unintended data received initially.The host must tolerate
these bytes.
Table 11. V.22/Bell212 Handshaking Control Registers
20
Register
Name
Function
Units
Default
Fast
Connect
S1E
TATL
Transmit Answer Tone Length
1s
0x03
00
S1F
ATTD
Answer Tone to Transmit Delay
5/3 ms
0x2D
00
S20
UNL
Unscrambled Ones Length—V.22
5/3 ms
0x5D
00
S21
TSOD
Transmit Scrambled Ones Delay—V.22
53.3 ms
0x09
00
S22
TSOL
Transmit Scrambled Ones Length—V.22
5/3 ms
0xA2
00
S23
VDDL
V.22/22b Data Delay Low
5/3 ms
0xCB
00
S24
VDDH
V.22/22b Data Delay High
(256) 5/3 ms
0x08
00
S34
TASL
Answer Tone Length
(only used in S1E [TATL] = 0x00)
5/3 ms
0x5A
F0
S35
RSOL
Receive V.22 Scrambled Ones Length
5/3 ms
0xA2
00
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
AT Command Set
are no characters between AT and <CR>, the modem
responds with “O” after the carriage return.
The controller provides several vital functions including
AT command parsing, DAA control, connect sequence
control, DCE protocol control, intrusion detection,
parallel phone off-hook detection, escape control, caller
ID control and formatting, ring detect, DTMF control, call
progress monitoring, and HDLC framing. The controller
also writes to the control registers that configure the
modem. Virtually all interaction between the host and
the modem is done via the controller. The controller
uses AT (ATtention) commands and S-Registers to
configure and control the modem.
The modem has two modes of operation: command
mode and data mode. The Si2401 is asynchronous in
both command mode and data mode. The modem is in
command mode at powerup, after a reset, before a
connection is made, after a connection is dropped, and
during a connection after successfully “Escaping” from
the data mode back to the command mode using one of
the methods previously described. The following section
describes the AT command set available in command
mode.
The Si2401 supports a subset of the typical modem AT
command set since it is intended for use with a
dedicated microcontroller instead of general terminal
applications. AT commands begin with the letters AT
and are followed directly (no space) by the command.
(These commands are also case-sensitive.) All AT
commands must be entered in upper case including AT
except w##, r#, m#, q#, and z (wakeup-on-ring).
AT commands can be divided into two groups: control
commands and configuration commands. Control
commands, such as ATD, cause the modem to perform
an action (going off-hook and dialing). The value of this
type of command is changed at a particular time to
perform a particular action. For example, the
ATDT1234<CR> command causes the modem to go
off-hook and dial the number, 1234, via DTMF. This
action exists only during a connection attempt. No
enduring change in the modem configuration exists
after the connection or connection attempt has ended.
Configuration
commands
change
modem
characteristics until they are modified or reversed by a
subsequent configuration command or the modem is
reset. Modem configuration status can be determined
with the use of “ATSR?<CR>” Where R is the two
character hexadecimal address of an S-register.
A command line is defined as a string of characters
starting with AT and ending with an end-of-line
character, <CR> (13 decimal). Command lines may
contain several commands one after the other. If there
Command Line Execution
The characters in a command line are executed one at
a time. Unexpected command characters are ignored,
but unexpected data characters may be interpreted
incorrectly.
After the modem has executed a command line, the
result code corresponding to the last command
executed is returned to the terminal or host. In addition
to the “ATH” and “ATZ” commands, the commands that
warrant a response (e.g., “ATSR?” or “ATI”) must be the
last in the string and followed by a <CR>. All other
commands may be concatenated on a single line. To
echo command line characters, set the Si2401 to echo
mode using the E1 command.
All numeric arguments, including the address and value
of an S-register, are in hexidecimal format, and two
digits must always be entered.
<CR> End-Of-Line Character
This character is typed to end a command line. The
value of the <CR> character is 13 in decimal, the ASCII
carriage return character. When the <CR> character is
entered, the modem executes the commands in the
command line.
Note: Commands that do not require a response are executed immediately and do not need a <CR>.
Table 12. AT Command Set Summary
Command
Function
A
Answer line immediately with modem
DT#
Tone dial number
DP#
Pulse dial number
E
Local echo on/off
H0
Go on-hook (hang up modem)
H1
Go off-hook
I
Chip revision
:I
Interrupt read and clear
M
Speaker control options
O
Return online
RO
V.23 reverse
S
Read/write S-Registers
w##
Write S-Register in binary
r#
Read S-Register in binary
m#
Monitor S-Register in binary
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
21
Si2401
Table 12. AT Command Set Summary
q#
Read S-Register in binary
V0
Result code with no carriage return
V1
Result code with added carriage
returns
Z
Software reset
z
Wakeup on ring
Answer
The “A” command makes the modem go off-hook and
respond to an incoming call. This command is to be
executed after the Si2401 has indicated a ring has
occurred. (The Si2401 indicates an incoming ring by
echoing an “R”.)
This command is aborted if any other character is
transmitted to the Si2401 before the answer process is
completed.
Auto answer mode is entered by setting S00 (NR) to a
non-zero value. NR indicates the number of rings before
answering the line.
Upon answering, the modem communicates by
whatever protocol has been determined via the modem
control registers in S07 (MF1).
If no transmit carrier signal is received from the calling
modem within the time specified in S39 (CDT), the
modem hangs up and enters the idle state.
D
Dial
DT#
Tone Dial Number.
DP#
Pulse Dial Number.
The D commands make the modem dial a telephone
call according to the digits and dial modifiers in the dial
string following the command. A maximum of 64 digits is
allowed. A DT command performs tone dialing, and a
DP command performs pulse dialing.
The ATH1 command can be used to go off-hook without
detecting a dial tone or dialing.
The dial string must contain only the digits “0–9”, “*”, “#”,
“A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, or the modifiers “;”, “/”, or “,”. Other
characters are interpreted incorrectly. The modifier “,”
causes a two second delay (added to the spacing value
in S04) in dialing. The modifier “/” causes a 125 ms
delay (added to the spacing value in S04) in dialing. The
modifier “;” returns the device to command mode after
dialing and must be the last character.
If any character is received by the Si2401 between the
ATDT#<CR> (or ATDP#<CR>) command and when the
connection is made (“c” or “d” is echoed), the extra
22
If the modem does not have to dial (i.e., “ATDT<CR>” or
“ATDP<CR>” with no dial string), the Si2401 assumes
the call was manually established and attempts to make
a connection.
Automatic Tone/Pulse Dialing
AT Command Set Description
A
character is interpreted as an abort, and the Si2401
returns to command mode ready to accept AT
commands. A line feed character immediately following
the <CR> is treated as an “extra character” and aborts
the call.
The Si2401 can be configured to attempt DTMF dialing
and automatically revert to pulse dialing if it determines
that the line is not DTMF-capable. This feature is best
explained by the following example:
If it is desired that the telephone number, 12345, be
dialed, it is normally accomplished through either the
ATDT12345 or the ATDP12345 command. In the force
pulse dialing mode of operation, the following string
should be issued instead:
ATDT1,p12345
If the result code returned is “t,” this indicates that the
dialing was accomplished using DTMF dialing. If the
result code returned is “tt,”, it indicates that the dialing
was accomplished using pulse dialing.
In the above example, the Si2401 dials the first digit “1”
using DTMF dialing. The “,” is used to pause in order to
ensure that the central office has had time to accept the
DTMF digit “1”. When the Si2401 processes the “p”
command, it attempts to detect a dial tone. If a dial tone
is detected, the DTMF digit “1” was not effective, hence,
the line does not support DTMF dialing. Conversely, if
the dial tone is not detected, the DTMF digit “1” was
effective, and the line supports DTMF dialing. The
character after the “p” may or may not be dialed
depending on whether the DTMF digit “1” was effective
or not. If the “1” was effective (DTMF mode), the
character after the “p” is skipped. The next DTMF digit
to be dialed is “2”. Subsequent digits are all DTMF. If the
“1” was not effective, the first character after the “p” (the
“1”) is pulse dialed, and subsequent digits are all pulse
dialed.
E
Command Mode Echo
Tells the Si2401 whether or not to echo characters sent
from the terminal.
EO
Does not echo characters sent from the terminal.
E1
Echoes characters sent from the terminal.
H0
Hangup
Hang up and go into command mode (go offline).
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
H1
Off-hook
to echo the value of the S-register specified by R in hex
format. R must be a hexidecimal number.
Chip Identification
Note: Two digits must always be entered for R.
Go off-hook.
I
This command causes the modem to echo the chip
revision for the Si2401 device.
A = Revision A
B = Revision B
C = Revision C, etc.
I6
Display the ISOmodem® model number.
“2401” = Si2401.
:I
Interrupt Read
This command causes the ISOmodem chipset to report
the contents of the interrupt status register (S09). The
WOR, PPD, NLD, RI, OCD, and REV bits are also
cleared, and the INT is deactivated on this read.
M
Speaker On/Off Options
These options are used to control AOUT for use with a
call progress monitor speaker.
M0
M1
M2
Speaker always on.
M3
Speaker on after last digit dialed, off at carrier detect.
Return to Online Mode
This command returns the modem to the online mode. It
is frequently used after an escape sequence to resume
communication with the remote modem.
Turn-Around
This command initiates a V.23 “direct turnaround”
sequence and returns online.
S
Notes:
1. w## and r# are not required to be on separate lines (i.e.,
no <CR> between them). Also, the result of an r# is
returned immediately without waiting for a <CR> at the end
of the AT command line.
m#
Speaker on until carrier established. The modem sets
SF4[3:2] (ARL) = 11 and SF4[1:0] (ATL) = 11 after a
connection is established.
RO
r#
Read S Register in Binary
This command reads a register in binary format. The
byte following the “r” is the address in binary format.
The modem echoes the contents of this register in
binary format. This is a more rapid method to read
registers than the “SR?” command and is
recommended for use by a host microcontroller.
2. Once a <CR> is encountered, “AT” is again required to
begin the next “AT” command.
Speaker always off.
O
w##
Write S Register in Binary
This command writes a register in binary format. The
first byte following the “w” is the address in binary
format and the second byte is the data in binary format.
This is a more rapid method to write registers than the
“SR=N” command and is recommended for use by a
host microcontroller.
S Register Control
Monitor S Register in Binary
This command monitors a register in binary format. The
byte following the “m” is the address in binary format.
The Si2401 constantly transmits the contents of the
register at the set baud rate until a new byte is
transmitted to the device. The new byte is ignored and
viewed as a stop command. The modem result codes
should be disabled (as described above in r#) before
using this command.
q#
Read S Register in Binary
This command is exactly the same as the r# command;
however, the response from the Si2401 is formatted as
0x55 followed by the contents of the register in binary.
This guarantees that the register contents are always
preceded by 0x55 and allows the result codes to remain
enabled.
V
Result Code Options
V0
SR=N
Write an S register. This command writes the value “N”
to the S-register specified by “R”. “R” is a hexidecimal
number, and “N” must also be a hexadecimal number
from 00–FF. This command does not wait for a carriage
return <CR> before taking effect.
Note: Two digits must always be entered for both “R” and “N”.
SR?
Read an S register. This command causes the Si2401
Result codes reported according to Table 14.
V1
Result codes reported with an additional carriage return
and line feeds (default).
Z
Software Reset
The “Z” command initiates a software reset causing all
registers, with the exception of E0, which controls the
DTE settings, to default to their powerup value.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
23
Si2401
The hardware reset pin, RESET (Si2401, pin 8), is used
to reset the Si2401 to factory default settings.
!1
Dial number and follow the DTMF security protocol.
z
The format for this command is as follows:
Wakeup on Ring (lower-case z)
The Si2401 enters a low-power mode in which the DSP
and microcontroller are powered down. In this mode,
only the line-side device (Si3010) and the isolation
capacitor communication link are functional. An
incoming ring signal or line transient causes the Si2401
to power up and echo an “R”. Any character received on
the RXD pin also causes the Si2401 to exit the wakeupon-ring state. Return from wake-on-ring can also be set
to trigger the INT pin by setting S08[6] (WORM) = 1.
Alarm Industry AT Commands
The Si2401 supports a complete set of commands
necessary for making connections in security industry
systems. The Si2401 is configurable in two modes for
these applications. The first mode uses DTMF
messaging and is selected with the “!1” command. The
second mode uses FSK transmit with a tone
acknowledgement and is selected with “!2”.
The following are a few general comments about the
use of “!” commands. Specific details for each command
are given below. The first instance of the “!” must be on
the same line as the ATDT or ATDP command. DRT
must be set to data mode (SE4[5:4] (DRT) = 0b) before
attempting to send tones after a “!” command. The three
data-mode escape sequences (“+++”, “escape” pin and
“ninth-bit”) only function in “!2” mode. However, using
the “+++” or “ninth-bit” is not recommended because
characters could be sent to and misinterpreted by the
remote modem. Only the “escape pin” (Si2401, pin 14)
is recommended for use in the “!2” mode. The “!1” mode
has a special escape provision described below. The AT
commands for Alarm Industry applications are
described in Table 13.
Table 13. AT Command Set Extensions
for the Alarm Industry
K
!<message 2><CR>
K
!<message 3><CR>
K
K
!<message n><CR>
The modem dials the phone number and echoes “r”
(ring), “b” (busy), and “c” (connect) as appropriate. “c”
echoes only after the Si2401 detects the Handshake
Tone. After a 250 ms delay, the modem sends the
DTMF tones containing the first message data and
listens for a Kissoff Tone. If a Kissoff Tone shorter than
or equal to the value stored in S36(KTL) (default = 1
second) is detected, the Si2401 echoes a “K”. A “k” is
echoed if the length of the Kissoff Tone is longer than
the S36(KTL) value. The controller can then send the
next message. All messages must be preceded by a “!”
and followed by a <CR> and received by the Si2401
within 250 ms after the “K” is echoed. Setting
S0C[0] (MCH) = 1 causes a “.” to be echoed when the
DTMF tone is turned on and a “/” character to be
echoed when the DTMF tone is turned off. This helps
the host monitor the status of the message being sent.
The previous message can be resent if the host
responds with a “~” after the Si2401 echoes a “K”. Any
character other than a “!” or a “~” sent to the modem
immediately after the “K” causes the modem to escape
to the command mode and remain off-hook. Any
character except “!” and “~” sent during the transmission
of a message causes the message to be aborted and
the modem to return to the command mode.
!1
Dial and switch to DTMF security
mode
!2
Dial and switch to “SIA Format”
If the Kissoff Tone is not received within 1.25 seconds,
the modem echoes a “^”. A “~” from the host causes the
last message to be resent. Any character other than a
“!” or a “~” sent to the modem immediately after the “^”
causes the modem to escape to the command mode
and remain off-hook.
X1
SIA half-duplex mode search
!2
X2
SIA half-duplex return online as
transmitter
Dial the number and follow the “SIA Format” protocol for
Alarm System Communications.
X3
SIA half-duplex return online as
receiver
The modem dials the phone number and echoes “r”
(ring), “b” (busy), and “c” (connect) as appropriate. “c”
echoes only after the Si2401 detects the Handshake
Tone and the speed synchronization signal is sent. The
signaling is at 300 bps, half-duplex FSK. The host can
Command
24
ATDT<phone number>!1<message 1><CR>
Function
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
send the first SIA block after the “c” is received. Once
the block is transmitted, the modem can monitor for the
acknowledge tone by completing the following
sequence:
1. Place the Si2401 in the command mode by pulsing the
ESCAPE pin (Si2401 pin 14). The “+++” and “ninth-bit”
escape modes operate in the “!2” mode but are not
recommended because they can send unwanted
characters to the remote modem.
Table 14. Modem Result Codes
Command
Function
a
British Telecom Caller ID Idle Tone
Alert Detected
b
Busy Tone Detected
2. Issue the “ATX1” command to turn the modem transmitter
off and begin monitoring for the acknowledgment tones.
c
Connect
d
3. Monitor for a positive (negative) acknowledgment “P” (“N”)
after the tone has been detected for at least 400 ms.
Connect 1200 bps (when programmed as V.22bis modem)
f
Hookswitch Flash or Battery Reversal
Detected
H
Modem Automatically Hanging Up in
!2, !1
I
Intrusion Completed (parallel phone
back on-hook)
i
Intrusion Detected (parallel phone offhook on the line)
Modem Result Codes and Call Progress
K
Kissoff Tone Detected
Table 14 shows the modem result codes that can be
used in call progress monitoring. All result codes are a
single character to speed up communication and ease
host processing.
k
Contact ID Kissoff Tone too long (!1)
L
Phone Line Detected
l
No Phone Line Detected
4. The modem, still in command mode, can be placed online
as a transmitter by issuing the “ATX2” command or a
receiver by issuing the “ATX3” command. If tonal
acknowledgement is not used, the host can toggle the
ESCAPE pin to place the Si2401 in the command mode
and issue an “ATX2” or an “ATX3” command to reverse
data direction.
This sequence can be repeated for long messages.
m
Caller ID Mark Signal Detected
N
No Carrier Detected
n
No Dial tone (time-out set by CW
[S02])
O
Modem OK Response
R
Incoming Ring Signal Detected
r
Ringback Tone Detected
t
Dial Tone
v
Connect 75 bps TX (V.23 originate
only)
x
Overcurrent State Detected After an
Off-Hook Event
^
Kissoff tone detection required
,
Dialing Complete
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
25
Si2401
Automatic Call Progress Detection
Manual Call Progress Detection
The Si2401 has the ability to detect dial, busy, and
ringback tones automatically. The following is a
description of the algorithms that have been
implemented for these three tones.
Because other call progress tones beyond those
described above may exist, the Si2401 supports manual
call progress. This requires the host to read and write
the low-level DSP registers and may require realtime
control by the host. Manual call progress may be
required for detection of application-specific ringback,
dial tone, and busy signals. The section on DSP lowlevel control should be read before attempting manual
call progress detection.
Dial Tone. The dial tone detector looks for a dial
tone after going off-hook and before dialing is
initiated. This can be bypassed by enabling blind
dialing (set S07[6] (BD) =1). After going off-hook, the
Si2401 waits the number of seconds in S01 (DW)
before searching for the dial tone.
In order for a dial tone to be detected, it must be
present for the length of time programmed in S1C
(DTT). Once the dial tone is detected, dialing
commences. If a dial tone is not detected within the
time programmed in S02 (CW), the Si2401 hangs up
and echoes an “n” to the user.
„ Busy/Ringback Tone. After dialing has completed,
the Si2401 monitors for Busy/Ringback and modem
answer tones. The busy and ringback tone detectors
both use the call progress energy detector. The
registers that set the cadence for busy and ringback
are listed in Table 15.
„
Si2401 register settings for global cadences for busy and
ringback tones are listed in Table 16.
Table 15. Busy and Ringback Cadence
Registers
Register Name
26
Function
Units
S16
BTON
Busy tone on time
10 ms
S17
BTOF
Busy tone off time
10 ms
S18
BTOD
Busy tone delta time
10 ms
S19
RTON
Ringback tone on time
53.333
ms
S1A
RTOF
Ringback tone off time
53.333
ms
S1B
RTOD Ringback tone delta time
The call progress biquad filters can be programmed to
have a custom frequency response and detection level
(as described in “Low Level DSP Control”).
Four dedicated user-defined frequency detectors can
be programmed to search for individual tones. The four
detectors have center frequencies that can be set by
registers UDFD1–4 (see Table 18). SE5[6] [TDET]
[SE8 = 0x02] Read Only Definition can be monitored,
along with TONE, to detect energy at these userdefined frequencies. The default trip-threshold for
UDFD1–4 is –43 dBm but can be modified with the DSP
register, UDFSL.
By issuing the “ATDT;” command, the modem goes offhook and returns to command mode. The user can then
put the DSP into call progress monitoring by first setting
SE8 = 0x02. Next, set SE5 (DSP2) = 0x00 so no tones
are transmitted, and set SE6 (DSP3) to the appropriate
code, depending on which types of tones are to be
detected.
53.333
ms
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Table 16. Si2401 Global Ringer and Busy Tone Cadence Settings
Country
RTON
RTOF
RTOD
BTON
BTOF
BTOD
S19
S1A
S1B
S16
S17
S18
Australia
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x25
0x25
0x04
Austria
0x12
0x5D
0x0A
0x1E
0x1E
0x03
Belgium
0x12
0x38
0x06
0x32
0x32
0x05
Brazil
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x19
0x19
0x03
Bulgaria
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x14
0x32
0x05
China
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x23
0x23
0x04
Cyprus
0x1C
0x38
0x06
0x32
0x32
0x05
Czech Republic
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x18
0x24
0x0A
Denmark
0x0E
0x8C
0x0F
0x19
0x19
0x03
Finland
0x0E
0x5D
0x0A
0x1E
0x1E
0x03
France
0x1C
0x41
0x07
0x32
0x32
0x05
Germany
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x32
0x32
0x05
Great Britain
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x25
0x25
0x04
Greece
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x1E
0x1E
0x03
Hong Kong, New Zealand
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x32
0x32
0x05
Hungary
0x17
0x46
0x0F
0x1E
0x1E
0x03
Iceland
0x16
0x58
0x09
0x19
0x19
0x03
India
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x4B
0x4B
0x08
Ireland
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x32
0x32
0x05
Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Thailand,
Switzerland, Israel
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x32
0x32
0x05
Japan, Korea
0x12
0x25
0x04
0x32
0x32
0x05
Luxembourg
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x30
0x30
0x05
Malaysia
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x23
0x41
0x07
Malta
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
Mexico
0x12
0x4B
0x08
0x19
0x19
0x03
Poland
0x12
0x4B
0x10
0x32
0x32
0x05
Portugal
0x12
0x5D
0x0A
0x32
0x32
0x05
Singapore
0x07
0x03
0x01
0x4B
0x4B
0x08
Spain
0x1C
0x38
0x06
0x14
0x14
0x02
Sweden
0x12
0x5D
0x0A
0x19
0x19
0x03
Taiwan
0x12
0x25
0x04
0x32
0x32
0x05
U.S., Canada (default)
0x25
0x4B
0x08
0x32
0x32
0x05
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
27
Si2401
At this point, users may program their own algorithm to
monitor the detected tones. If the host wishes to dial, it
should do so by blind dialing, setting the dial timeout
S01 (DW)
to
0
seconds
and
issuing
an
“ATDT<Phone Number>;<CR>”
command.
This
immediately causes the ISOmodem® chipset to dial and
return to command mode.
Table 17. DTMF Values
DTMF
Code
Keyboard
Equivalent
0
Contact
ID
Tones
Digit
Low
High
0
0
941
1336
1
1
1
697
1209
2
2
2
697
1336
3
3
3
697
1477
4
4
4
770
1209
5
5
5
770
1336
6
6
6
770
1477
In manual call progress, the DSP can be programmed
to generate specific tones (see SE5[2:0] (TONC)
(SE8 = 02) Write Only). For example, setting
SE5[2:0] (TONC) = 110b generates the user-defined
tone (as indicated by UFRQ in Table 18) with an
amplitude of TGNL.
7
7
7
852
1209
8
8
8
852
1336
9
9
9
852
1477
Table 17 shows the mappings of Si2401 DTMF values,
keyboard equivalents, and the related dual tones.
10
D
–
941
1633
11
*
B
941
1209
12
#
C
941
1477
13
A
D
697
1633
14
B
E
770
1633
15
C
F
852
1633
Once the host has detected an answer tone using
manual call progress, the host should immediately
execute the “ATDT” command in order to make a
connection. This causes the Si2401 to search for the
modem answer tone and begin the correct connect
sequence.
In manual call progress, the DSP can be programmed
to detect specific tones. The result of the detection is
reported in SE5 (SE8 = 0x2) as explained above. The
output is priority-encoded such that if multiple tones are
detected, the one with the highest priority whose
detection is also enabled is reported (see SE5 [SE8=02]
Read Only.)
28
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Low Level DSP Control
Although not necessary for most applications, the DSP
low-level control functions are available for users with
very specific applications requiring direct DSP control.
DSP Registers
Several DSP registers are accessible through the
Si2401 microcontroller via S-registers SE5, SE6, and
SE8. SE5 and SE6 are used as conduits to write data to
specific DSP registers and read status. SE8 defines the
function of SE5 and SE6 depending on whether they
are being written to or read from. Care must be
exercised when writing to DSP registers. DSP registers
can only be written while the Si2401 is on-hook and in
the command mode. Writing to any register address not
listed in Tables 18 and 19 or writing out-of-range values
is likely to cause the DSP to exhibit unpredictable
behavior.
The DSP register address is 16-bits wide, and the DSP
data field is 14-bits wide. DSP register addresses and
data are written in hexadecimal. To write a value to a
DSP register, the register address is written, and then
the data is written. When SE8 = 0x00, SE5(DADL) is
written with the low bits [7:0] of the DSP register
address, and SE6 (DADH) is written with the high bits
[15:8] of the DSP address. When SE8 = 0x01,
SE5 (DDL) is written with the low bits [7:0] of the DSP
data word corresponding to the previously written
address, and SE6 (DDH) is written with the high bits
[15:8] of the data word corresponding to the previously
written address. Example 1 illustrates the proper
procedure for writing to DSP registers.
Example1: The user would like to program call
progress filter coefficient A2_k0 (0x15) to be 309
(0x135).
Host Command:
ATSE8=00SE6=00SE5=15SE8=01SE6=01SE5=35SE8=00
In this command, ATSE8=00 sets up registers SE5 and
SE6 as DSP address registers. SE6=00 sets the high
bits of the address, and SE5=15 sets the low bits.
SE8=01 sets up registers SE5 and SE6 as DSP data
registers for the previously-written DSP address (0x15).
SE6=01 sets the six high bits of the 14-bit data word,
and SE5=35 sets the eight low bits of the 14-bit data
word.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
29
Si2401
Table 18. Low-Level DSP Parameters
DSP Reg. Addr.
Description
Function
Default
(dec)
0x0002
XMTL DAA modem full-scale transmit level,
default = –10 dBm.
Level = 20log10 (XTML/4096)
–10 dBm
4096
0x0003
DTML DTMF high-tone transmit level,
default = –5.5 dBm.
Level = 20log10 (DTML/4868)
–5.5 dBm
4868
0x0004
DTMT DTMF twist ratio (low/high),
default = –2 dBm.
Level = 20log10 (DTMT/3277) –
2 dB
3277
0x0005
UFRQ User-defined transmit tone frequency. See
register SE5 (SE8=0x02 (Write Only)).
f = (9600/512) UFRQ (Hz)
0x0006
CPDL Call progress detect level (see Figure 5),
default = –43 dBm.
Level = 20log10 (4096/CPDL)
–43 dBm
4096
0x0007
UDFD1 User-defined frequency detector 1. Center
frequency for detector 1.
UDFD1 = 8192 cos (2π f/9600)
4987
0x0008
UDFD2 User-defined frequency detector 2. Center
frequency for detector 2.
UDFD2 = 8192 cos (2π f/9600)
536
0x0009
UDFD3 User-defined frequency detector 3. Center
frequency for detector 3.
UDFD3 = 8192 cos (2π f/9600)
4987
0x000A
UDFD4 User-defined frequency detector 4. Center
frequency for detector 4.
UDFD4 = 8192 cos (2π f/9600)
536
0x000B
30
Name
91
TGNL Tone generation level associated with TONC Level = 20log10 (TGNL/2896)
(SE5 (SE8 = 0x02) Write Only Definition),
– 10 dBm
default = –10 dBm.
2896
0x000E
UDFSL Sensitivity setting for UDFD1–4 detectors,
default = –43 dBm.
Sensitivity = 10log10(UDFSL/
4096) –43 dBm
4096
0x0024
CONL Carrier ON level. Carrier is valid once it
reaches this level.
Level = 20log10(2620/CONL) –
43 dBm
2620
0x0025
COFL Carrier OFF level. Carrier is invalid once it
falls below this level.
Level = 20log10(3300/COFL) –
45.5 dBm
3300
0x0026
AONL Answer ON level. Answer tone is valid once it Level = 10log10(AONL/107) –
reaches this level.
43 dBm
0x0027
AOFL
Answer OFF level. Answer tone is invalid
once it falls below this level.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Level = 10log10(AOFL/58) –
45.5 dBm
67
37
Si2401
Table 19 defines the relationship between SE5, SE6, and SE8.
Table 19. SE5, SE6, and SE8 Relationship
SE8
SE6
R/W
Name
0x00
W
DADH
0x01
W
DDH
0x02
R
0x02
W
DSP3
SE5
Description
Name
DADL
DSP register address bits [15:8]
DDL
DSP register data bits [15:8]
7 = Enable squaring function
6 = Call progress cascade disable
5 = Reserved
4 = User tone 3 and 4 reporting
3 = User tone 1 and 2 reporting
2 = V.23 tone reporting
1 = Answer tone reporting
0 = DTMF tone reporting
Call Progress Filters
The programmable call progress filter coefficients are
located in DSP address locations 0x0010 through
0x0023. There are two independent 4th order filters, A
and B, each consisting of two biquads, for a total of 20
coefficients. Coefficients are 14 bits (–8192 to 8191)
and are interpreted as, for example, b0 = value/4096,
thus giving a floating point value of approximately –2.0
to 2.0. Output of each biquad is calculated as follows:
Description
DSP register address bits [7:0]
DSP register data bits [7:0]
DSP1
7 = DSP data available
6 = Tone detected
5 = Reserved
4:0 = Tone type
DSP2
7 = Reserved
6:3 = DTMF tone to transmit
2:0 = Tone type
Table 20. Call Progress Filters
DSP Register
Address
Coefficient
Default (dec)
0x0010
A1_k0
256
w [ n ] = k0 × x [ n ] + a1 × w [ n – 1 ] + a2 × w [ n – 2 ]
y [ n ] = w [ n ] + b1 × w [ n – 1 ] + b2 × w [ n – 2 ]
The output of the filters is input to an energy detector
and then compared to a fixed threshold with hysteresis
(DSP register CPDL). Defaults shown are a bandpass
filter from 290–630 Hz (–3 dB). These registers are
located in the DSP and, thus, must be written in the
same manner described in “DSP Registers”.
The filters may be configured in either parallel or
cascade through SE6[6] (CPCD) with SE8 = 0x02, and
the output of filter B may be squared by selecting
SE6[7] (CPSQ) = 1. Figure 5 shows a block diagram of
the call progress filter structure.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
0x0011
A1_b1
–8184
0x0012
A1_b2
4096
0x0013
A1_a1
7737
0x0014
A1_a2
–3801
0x0015
A2_k0
1236
0x0016
A2_b1
133
0x0017
A2_b2
4096
0x0018
A2_a1
7109
0x0019
A2_a2
–3565
0x001A
B1_k0
256
0x001B
B1_b1
–8184
0x001C
B1_b2
4096
0x001D
B1_a1
7737
0x001E
B1_a2
–3801
0x001F
B2_k0
1236
0x0020
B2_b1
133
0x0021
B2_b2
4096
0x0022
B2_a1
7109
0x0023
B2_a2
–3565
31
Si2401
0
CPCD
1
Filter Input
Filter B
1
Energy
Detect
0
y = x2
B
0
CPCD 1
0
A
Max
(A,B)
A
Hysteresis
CPSQ
Filter B
Energy
Detect
20log10(4096/CPDL) –43 dBm
Figure 5. Programmable Call Progress Filter Architecture
32
B A > B? TDET
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S Registers
Any register not documented here is reserved and should not be written. Bold selection in bit-mapped registers
indicates default values.
Table 21. S-Register Summary
“S”
Register
Register
Address
(hex)
Name
Function
Reset
S00
0x00
NR
Number of rings before answer; 0 suppresses auto answer.
0x00
S01
0x01
DW
Number of seconds modem waits before dialing after going
off-hook (maximum of 109 seconds).
0x02
S02
0x02
CW
Number of seconds modem waits for a dial tone before hang-up
added to time specified by DW (maximum of 109 seconds).
0x03
S03
0x03
CLW
Duration that the modem waits (53.33 ms units) after loss of
carrier before hanging up.
0x0E
S04
0x04
TD
Both duration and spacing (5/3 ms units) of DTMF dialed tones.
0x30
S05
0x05
OFFPD
Duration of off-hook time (5/3 ms units) for pulse dialing.
0x18
S06
0x06
ONPD
Duration of on-hook time (5/3 ms units) for pulse dialing.
0x24
S07
0x07
MF1
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x06
S08
0x08
INTM
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x00
S09
0x09
INTS
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x00
S0C
0x0C
MF2
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x00
S0D
0x0D
MF3
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x00
S0E
0x0E
DIT
Pulse dialing Interdigit time (10 ms units added to a minimum
time of 64 ms).
0x46
S0F
0x0F
TEC
TIES escape character. Default = +.
0x2B
S10
0x10
TDT
TIES delay time (53.33 ms units).
0x13
S11
0x11
OFHI
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x04
S12
0x12
ACL
Absolute Current Level. When S13[4] (OFHD) = 0b, ACL
represents the absolute current threshold used by the off-hook
intrusion algorithm (1 mA units.)
0x00
S13
0x13
MF4
This is a bit-mapped register.*
0x10
*
S15
0x15
MLC
This is a bit-mapped register.
0x04
S16
0x16
BTON
Busy tone on. Time that the busy tone must be on (10 ms units)
for busy tone detector.
0x32
S17
0x17
BTOF
Busy tone off. Time that the busy tone must be off (10 ms units)
for busy tone detector.
0x32
*Note: These registers are explained in detail in the following section.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
33
Si2401
Table 21. S-Register Summary (Continued)
“S”
Register
Register
Address
(hex)
Name
Function
Reset
S18
0x18
BTOD
Busy tone delta time (10 ms units). A busy tone is detected to be
valid if (BTON – BTOD < on time < BTON + BTOD) and (BTOF –
BTOD < off time < BTOF + BTOD).
0x0F
S19
0x19
RTON
Ringback tone on. Time that the ringback tone must be on
(53.333 ms units) for ringback tone detector.
0x26
S1A
0x1A
RTOF
Ringback tone off. Time that the ringback tone must be off
(53.333 ms units) for ringback tone detector.
0x4B
S1B
0x1B
RTOD
Detector time delta (53.333 ms units). A ringback tone is determined to be valid if (RTON – RTOD < on time < RTON + RTOD)
and (RTOF – RTOD < off time < RTOF + RTOD).
0x07
S1C
0x1C
DTT
Dial tone detect time. The time that the dial tone must be valid
before being detected
(10 ms units).
0x0A
S1E
0x1E
TATL
Transmit answer tone length. Answer tone length in seconds
when answering a call (1 s units).
0x03
S1F
0x1F
ARM3
Answer tone to transmit delay. Delay between answer tone end
and transmit data start (5/3 ms units).
0x2D
S20
0x20
UNL
Unscrambled ones length. Minimum length of time required for
detection of unscrambled binary ones during V.22 handshaking
by a calling modem (5/3 ms units).
0x5D
S21
0x21
TSOD
Transmit scrambled ones delay. Time between unscrambled
binary one detection and scrambled binary one transmission by
a call mode V.22 modem (53.3 ms units).
0x09
S22
0x22
TSOL
Transmit scrambled ones length. Length of time scrambled ones
are sent by a call mode V.22 modem (5/3 ms units).
0xA2
S23
0x23
VDDL
V.22X data delay low. Delay between handshake complete and
data connection for a V.22X call mode modem (5/3 ms units
added to the time specified by VDDH).
0xCB
S24
0x24
VDDH
V.22X data delay high. Delay between handshake complete and
data connection for a V.22X call mode modem (256 x 5/3 ms
units added to the time specified by VDDL).
0x08
S25
0x25
SPTL
S1 pattern time length. Amount of time the unscrambled S1 pattern is sent by a call mode V.22bis modem (5/3 ms units).
0x3C
S26
0x26
VTSO
V.22bis 1200 bps scrambled ones length. Minimum length of
time for transmission of 1200 bps scrambled binary ones by a
call mode V.22bis modem after the end of pattern S1 detection
(53.3 ms).
0x0C
S27
0x27
VTSOL
V.22bis 2400 bps scrambled ones length low. Minimum length of
time for transmission of 2400 bps scrambled binary ones by a
call mode V.22bis modem (5/3 ms units).
0x78
*Note: These registers are explained in detail in the following section.
34
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Table 21. S-Register Summary (Continued)
“S”
Register
Register
Address
(hex)
Name
Function
Reset
S28
0x28
VTSOH
V.22bis 2400 bps scrambled ones length high. Minimum length
of time for transmission of 2400 bps scrambled binary ones by a
call mode V.22bis modem (256 x 5/3 ms units added to the time
specified by VTSOL).
0x08
S29
0x29
IS
Intrusion suspend. When S82[2:1] (IB) = 10b, this register sets
the length of time from when dialing begins that the off-hook
intrusion algorithm is blocked (suspended) (500 ms units).
0x00
S2A
0x2A
RSO
Receive scrambled ones V.22bis (2400 bps) length.
Minimum length of time required for detection of scrambled
binary ones during V.22bis handshaking by the answering
modem after S1 pattern conclusion (5/3 ms units).
0xD2
S2B
0x2B
DTL
V.23 direct turnaround carrier length. Minimum length of time that
a master mode V.23 modem must detect carrier when searching
for a direct turnaround sequence (5/3 ms units).
0x18
S2C
0x2C
DTTO
V.23 direct turnaround timeout. Length of time that the modem
searches for a direct turnaround carrier (5/3 ms units added to a
minimum time of 426.66 ms).
0x08
S2D
0x2D
SDL
V.23 slave carrier detect loss. Minimum length of time that a
slave mode V.23 modem must lose carrier before searching
for a reverse turnaround sequence (5/3 ms units).
0x0C
S2E
0x2E
RTCT
V.23 reverse turnaround carrier timeout. Amount of time a slave
mode V.23 modem searches for carriers during potential reverse
turnaround sequences (5/3 ms units).
0xF0
S2F
0x2F
FCD
FSK connection delay low. Amount of time delay added
between end of answer tone handshake and actual modem
connection for FSK modem connections (5/3 ms units).
0x3C
S30
0x30
FCDH
FSK connection delay high. Amount of time delay added
between end of answer tone handshake and actual modem connection for FSK modem connections (256 x 5/3 ms units).
0x00
S31
0x31
RATL
Receive answer tone length. Minimum length of time required
for detection of a CCITT answer tone (5/3 ms units).
0x3C
S32
0x32
OCDT
The time after going off-hook when the loop current sense bits
are checked for overcurrent status (5/3 ms units).
0x0C
S34
0x34
TASL
Answer tone length when answering a call (5/3 ms units). This
register is only used if TATL (1E) has a value of zero.
0x5A
S35
0x35
RSOL
Receive scrambled ones V.22 length (5/3 ms units). Minimum
length of time that an originating V.22 (1200 bps) modem must
detect 1200 bps scrambled ones during a V.22 handshake.
0xA2
S36
0x36
ARM1
Second kissoff tone detector length. The security modes, A1 and
!1, echo a “k” if a kissoff tone longer than the value stored in
SKDTL is detected (10 ms units).
0x30
*Note: These registers are explained in detail in the following section.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
35
Si2401
Table 21. S-Register Summary (Continued)
“S”
Register
Register
Address
(hex)
Name
Function
Reset
S37
0x37
CDR
Carrier detect return. Minimum length of time that a carrier must
return and be detected in order to be recognized after a carrier
loss is detected
(5/3 ms units).
0x20
S39
0x39
CDT
Carrier detect timeout. Amount of time modem waits for carrier
detect before aborting call (1 second units).
0x3C
S3A
0x3A
ATD
Delay between going off-hook and answer tone generation when
in answer mode (53.33 ms units).
0x29
S3B
0x3B
RP
Minimum number of consecutive ring pulses per ring burst.
0x03
CIDG
This is a bit mapped register.
*
This is a bit mapped register.
*
S3C
S62
0x3C
0x62
RC
register.*
0x41
S82
0x82
IST
This is a bit mapped
SDB
0xDB
LVS
Line Voltage Status. Eight bit signed, 2s complement number
representing the tip-ring voltage. Each bit represents 1 volt.
Polarity of the voltage is represented by the MSB (sign bit).
0000_0000 = Measured voltage is < 3 V.
SDF
0xDF
DGSR
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x0C
SE0
0xE0
CF1
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x22
SE1
0xE1
GPIO1
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x04
SE2
0xE2
GPIO2
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x00
SE3
0xE3
GPD
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x00
SE4
0xE4
CF5
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x00
SE5
0xE5
DADL
(SE8 = 0x00) Write only definition. DSP register address lower
bits [7:0].*
0x00
SE5
0xE5
DDL
(SE8 = 0x01) Write only definition. DSP data word lower bits
[7:0].*
0x00
SE5
0xE5
DSP1
(SE8 = 0x02) Read only definition. This is a bit mapped register.1
0x00
SE5
0xE5
DSP2
(SE8 = 0x02) Write only definition. This is a bit mapped register.1
0x00
SE6
0xE6
DADH
(SE8 = 0x00) Write only definition. DSP register address upper
bits [15:8].
0x00
SE6
0xE6
DDH
(SE8 = 0x01) Write only definition. DSP data word upper bits
[13:8]
0x00
SE6
0xE6
DSP3
(SE8 = 0x02) Write only definition. This is a bit mapped register.1
0x00
SE8
0xE8
DSPR4
Set the mode to define E5 and E6 for low level DSP control.
0x00
*Note: These registers are explained in detail in the following section.
36
0x01
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
0x08
Si2401
Table 21. S-Register Summary (Continued)
“S”
Register
Register
Address
(hex)
Name
SEB
0xEB
TPD
This is a bit mapped register.*
RV1
This is a bit mapped register.
*
This is a bit mapped register.
*
SEC
SED
SEE
SF0
SF1
0xEC
0xED
0xEE
0xF0
0xF1
RV2
RV3
DAA0
DAA1
Function
Reset
This is a bit mapped
register.*
This is a bit mapped register.
*
This is a bit mapped register.
*
register.*
0x00
0x88
0x19
0x16
0x40
0x0C
SF2
0xF2
DAA2
This is a bit mapped
SF3
0xF3
DAA3
Line Current Status. Eight-bit value returning the loop current.
Each bit represents 1.1 mA of loop current.
Accuracy is not guaranteed if the loop current is less than
required for normal operation.
0x00
SF4
0xF4
DAA4
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x0F
SF5
0xF5
DAA5
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x00
SF6
0xF6
DAA6
This is a bit mapped register.*
0xF0
SF7
0xF7
DAA7
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x00
SF8
0xF8
DAA8
This is a bit mapped register.*
—
SF9
0xF9
DAA9
This is a bit mapped register.*
0x20
0x00
*Note: These registers are explained in detail in the following section.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
37
Si2401
Table 22. Bit Mapped Register Summary
“S”
Register Registe
Register Address r Name
(hex)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
BD
V23R
V23T
WORM PPDM
NVDM
NVD
S07
0x07
MF1
S08
0x08
INTM
CDM
S09
0x09
INTS
CD
S0C
0x0C
MF2
CDE
S0D
0x0D
MF3
S11
0x11
OFHI
S13
0x13
MF4
S15
0x15
MLC
S3C
0x3C
CIDG
S62
0x62
RC
S82
0x82
IST
SDF
0xDF
DGSR
SE0
0xE0
CF1
SE1
0xE1
GPIO1
SE2
0xE2
GPIO2
SE3
0xE3
GPD
SE4
0xE4
CF5
NBCK
SBCK
SE5
0xE5
DSP1
DDAV
TDET
SE5
0xE5
DSP2
SE6
0xE6
DSP3
SEB
0xEB
TPD
SEC
0xEC
RVC1
SED
0xED
RVC2
SEE
0xEE
RVC3
SF0
0xF0
DAA0
SF1
0xF1
DAA1
SF2
0xF2
DAA2
38
WOR
PPD
Bit 3
CIDM[1:0]
RI
INTP
RBTS
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Default
Binary
BAUD
CCITT
FSK
0000_0110
RIM
CIDM
OCDM
REVM
0000_0000
RI
CID
OCD
REV
0000_0000
9BF
BDL
MLB
EHR
EHB
EHI
0000_0000
EHE
DCL[3:0]
BTID
ATPRE
VCTE
OFHD
FHGE
CIDB
EHGE
STB
0000_0100
HDEN
0001_0000
BDA[1:0]
NBE
CIDG[2:0]
OCR
IR
IST[3:0]
LCLD
NLR
RR
IB[1:0]
0000_1100
ND
GPIO3[1:0]
SD[2:0]
GPIO2[1:0]
GPD4
DRT
0010_0010
GPIO5
GPIO1[1:0]
GPD3
GPD2
GPD1
GPE
TONE[4:0]
CPCD
TONC[2:0]
USEN2 USEN1
RDLY[2:0]
V23E
ANSE
1000_1000
0001_1001
RMX[3:0]
FOH[1:0]
PDN
0001_0110
LM[1:0]
PDL
LVFD
HBE
FDT
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
0000_0000
0000_0000
RAS[5:0]
BTE
0000_0000
DTMFE 0000_0000
RCC[2:0]
RTO[3:0]
0000_0000
0000_0000
PDDE
RNGV
0000_0000
0000_0000
DTM[3:0]
CPSQ
0100_0001
0000_1000
GPD5
GPIO4[1:0]
0000_0100
0000_0100
DGSR[6:0]
ICTS
0000_0000
0100_0000
0000_1100
0000_0000
Si2401
Table 22. Bit Mapped Register Summary (Continued)
“S”
Register Registe
Register Address r Name
(hex)
SF4
0xF4
DAA4
SF5
0xF5
DAA5
SF6
0xF6
DAA6
SF8
0xF8
DAA8
SF9
0xF9
DAA9
SFC
0xFC
DAAFC
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
ARL[1:0]
OHS[1:0]
MINI[1:0]
ILIM
DCV[1:0]
BTD
CTSM
ATL[1:0]
RZ
RT
ACT[3:0]
LRV[3:0]
Bit 0
Default
Binary
0000_1111
0000_1000
1111_0000
DCR
—
ROV
0010_0000
0000_1111
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
39
Si2401
S07 (MF1). Modem Functions 1
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
Name
BD
V23R
V23T
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
D3
D2
D1
D0
BAUD CCITT
R/W
R/W
FSK
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0110 (0x06)
Bit
Name
7
Reserved
6
BD
Function
Read returns zero.
Blind Dialing.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable (Blind dialing occurs immediately after “ATDT#” command).
5
V23R
V.23 Receive.*
V.23 75 bps send/600 (BAUD = 0) or 1200 (BAUD = 1) bps receive.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
4
V23T
V.23 Transmit.*
V.23 600 (BAUD = 0) or 1200 (BAUD = 1) bps send/75 bps receive.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
3
Reserved
2
BAUD
Read returns zero.
2400/1200 Baud Select.*
2400/1200 baud select (V23R = 0 and V23T = 0).
0 = 1200
1 = 2400
600/1200 baud select (V23R = 1 and V23T = 1).
0 = 600
1 = 1200
1
CCITT
CCITT/Bell Mode.*
0 = Bell.
1 = CCITT.
0
FSK
300 bps FSK.*
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
*Note: See Table 9 on page 13 for proper setting of modem protocols.
40
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S08 (INTM). Interrupt Mask
Bit
D7
Name
CDM
Type
R/W
D6
D5
D4
WORM PPDM NVDM
R/W
R/W
R/W
D3
RIM
R/W
D2
D1
D0
CIDM OCDM REVM
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7
CDM
6
WORM
Wake-on-Ring Mask.
0 = Change in CD does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in WOR (S09, bit 6) activatesINT.
5
PPDM
Parallel Phone Detect Mask.
0 = Change in PPD does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in PPD (S09, bit 5) activates INT.
4
NVDM
No Phone Line Detect Mask.
0 = Change in NLD does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in NLD (S09, bit 4) activates INT.
3
RIM
2
CIDM
Caller ID Mask.
0 = Change in CID does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in CID (S09, bit 2) activates INT.
1
OCDM
Overcurrent Detect Mask.
0 = Change in OCD does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in OCD (S09, bit 1) activates INT.
0
REVM
V.23 Reversal Detect Mask.
0 = Change in REV does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in REV (S09, bit 0) activates INT.
Carrier Detect Mask.
0 = Change in CD does not affect INT.
1 = A high to low transition in CD (S09, bit 7), which indicates loss of carrier, activates
INT.
Ring Indicator Mask.
0 = Change in RI does not affect INT.
1 = A low to high transition in RI (S09, bit 3) activates INT.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
41
Si2401
S09 (INTS). Interrupt Status
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
CD
WOR
PPD
NVD
RI
CID
OCD
REV
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7
CD
6
WOR
Wake-on-Ring (sticky).
Wake-on-ring has occurred. Clears on :I read.
5
PPD
Parallel Phone Detect (sticky).
Parallel phone detected since last off-hook event. Clears on :I read.
4
NVD
No Phone Line Detect (sticky).
No line phone detected. Clears on :I read.
3
RI
2
CID
Caller ID (sticky).
Caller ID preamble has been detected; data soon follows. Clears on :I read.
1
OCD
Overcurrent Detect (sticky).
Overcurrent condition has occurred. Clears on :I read.
0
REV
V.23 Reversal Detect (sticky).
V.23 reversal condition has occurred. Clears on :I read.
42
Function
Carrier Detect (sticky).
Active high bit indicates carrier detected (equivalent to inverse of CD pin). Clears on :1
read.
Ring Indicator (sticky).
Active high bit when the Si2403 is on-hook, indicates ring event has occurred. Clears on
:I read.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S0C (MF2). Modem Functions 2
Bit
D7
Name
CDE
Type
R/W
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
CIDM[1:0]
9BF
BDL
MLB
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7
CDE
Function
Carrier Detect Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable GPI02 as an active low carrier detect pin (must also set SE2[3:2]
[GPIO2] = 01).
6:5
CIDM[1:0]
Caller ID Monitor.
00 = Caller ID monitor disabled.
01 = Caller ID monitor enabled. Si2401 must detect channel seizure signal followed by
marks in order to report caller ID data. (Normal Bellcore caller ID)
10 = Reserved.
11 = Caller ID monitor enabled. Si2401 must only detect marks in order to report caller ID
data.
4
Reserved
3
9BF
Read returns zero.
Ninth Bit Function.
Only valid if the ninth bit escape is set S15[0] (NBE).
0 = Ninth bit equivalent to ALERT.
1 = Ninth bit equivalent to HDLC EOFR.
2
BDL
Blind Dialing.
0 = Blind dialing disabled.
1 = Enables blind dialing after dial timeout register S02 (CW) expires.
1
MLB
Modem Loopback.
0 = Not swapped.
1 = Swaps frequency bands in modem algorithm to do a loopback in a test mode.
0
Reserved
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
43
Si2401
SOD (MF3). Modem Functions 3
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
RI
INTP
RBTS
EHR
EHB
EHI
EHE
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7
Reserved
6
RI
5
INTP
INT Polarity.
Specifies the polarity of the INT function on pin 11.
0 = An interrupt forces pin 11 low.
1 = An interrupt forces pin 11 high.
4
RBTS
Ringback Tone Selector
Controls the unit step size for registers S19, S1A and S1B.
0 = 53.33 ms units. Necessary for detecting a ringback tone.
1 = 10 ms units. Necessary for detecting a reorder tone.
3
EHR
Enable Hangup on Reorder.
Modem is placed on-hook if a ringback or reorder tone is detected. See S0D[4].
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
2
EHB
Enable Hangup on Busy.
Modem is placed on-hook if a busy signal is detected.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
1
EHI
Enable Hangup on Intrusion.
Modem is placed on-hook if parallel intrusion is detected.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
0
EHE
Enable Hangup on Escape.
Modem is placed on-hook if a ESC signal is detected.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
44
Function
Read returns zero.
Ring Indicator.
Specifies the functionality of pin3.
0 = Pin 3 functions as GPIO5 controlled by register SE1.
1 = Pin 3 functions as RI. RI asserts during a ring and negates when no
ring is present.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S11 (OFHI). Off-Hook Intrusion
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
DCL[3:0]
Type
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0100 (0x04)
Bit
Name
Function
7:4
Reserved
Read returns zero.
3:0
DCL[3:0]
Differential Current Level.
Differential current level to detect intrusion event (1 mA units).
S13 (MF3). Modem Functions 3
Bit
D7
D6
Name
BTID
Type
R/W
D5
D4
OFHD
R/W
R/W
D3
D2
D1
D0
CIDB HDEN
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0001_0000 (0x10)
Bit
Name
7
Reserved
6
BTID
Function
Read returns zero.
BT Caller ID Wetting Pulse.
0 = Enable.
1 = Disable.
5
Reserved
4
OFHD
Read returns zero.
Off-Hook Intrusion Detect Method.
0 = Absolute.
1 = Differential.
3
Reserved
2
CIDB
Read returns zero.
British Telecom Caller ID Decode.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
When set, SOC[6:5] is overwritten by the modem, as needed.
1
HDEN
HDLC Framing.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
0
Reserved
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
45
Si2401
S15 (MLC). Modem Link Control
Bit
D7
D6
D5
Name ATPRE VCTE FHGE
Type
R/W
R/W
D4
D3
EHGE
STB
BDA[1:0]
NBE
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
D2
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0100 (0x04)
Bit
Name
7
ATPRE
Function
Answer Tone Phase Reversal.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable answer tone phase reversal.
6
VCTE
V.25 Calling Tone.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable V.25 calling tone.
5
FHGE
550 Hz Guardtone.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable 550 Hz guardtone.
4
EHGE
1800 Hz Guardtone.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable 1800 Hz guardtone.
3
STB
Stop Bits.
0 = 1 stop bit.
1 = 2 stop bits.
2:1
BDA[1:0]
Bit Data.
00 = 6 bit data.
01 = 7 bit data.
10 = 8 bit data.
11 = 9 bit data.
0
NBE
Ninth Bit Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable ninth bit as Escape and ninth bit function (register C).
46
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S3C (CIDG). Caller ID Gain
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
CIDG[2:0]
Type
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0001 (0x01)
Bit
Name
Function
7:3
Reserved
Read returns 0.
2:0
CIDG[2:0]
Caller ID Gain.
The Si2400 dynamically sets the On-Hook Analog Receive Gain SF4[6:4] (ARG) to
CIDG during a caller ID event (or continuously if S0C[6:5] (CIDM = 11). This field should
be set prior to caller ID operation.
000 = 0 dB
001 = 3 dB
010 = 6 dB
011 = 9 dB
100 = 12 dB
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
47
Si2401
S62 (RC). Result Codes Override
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
OCR
IR
NLR
RR
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0100_0001 (0x41)
Bit
Name
7
Reserved
6
OCR
Function
Read returns zero.
Overcurrent Result Code (“x”).
0 = Enable.
1 = Disable.
5:3
Reserved
2
IR
Read returns zero.
Intrusion Result Code (“I” and “i”).
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
1
NLR
No Phone Line Result Code (“L” and “l”).
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
0
RR
Ring Result Code (“R”).
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
48
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
S82 (IST). Intrusion
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
IST[3:0]
LCLD
IB[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0000_1000 (0x08)
Bit
Name
7:4
IST[3:0]
Function
Intrusion Settling Time.
0000 = IST equals 1 second.
Delay between when the ISOmodem® chipset goes off-hook and the off-hook intrusion
algorithm begins (250 ms units).
3
LCLD
Loop Current Loss Detect.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enables the reporting of “I” and “L” result codes while off-hook. Asserts INT if
GPIO4 (SE2[7:6]) is enabled as INT.
2:1
IB[1:0]
Intrusion Blocking.
This feature only works when SDF ≠ 0x00. Defines the method used to block the off-hook
intrusion algorithm from operating after dialing has begun.
00 = No intrusion blocking.
01 = Intrusion disabled from start of dial to end of dial.
10 = Intrusion disabled from start of dial to register S29 time out.
11 = Intrusion disabled from start of dial to carrier detect or to “N” or “n” result code.
0
Reserved
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
49
Si2401
SDF (DGSR). Intrusion Deglitch
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
Name
DGSR[6:0]
Type
R/W
D2
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_1100 (0x0C)
Bit
Name
Function
7
Reserved
Read returns zero.
6:0
DGSR[6:0]
Deglitch Sample Rate.
Sets the sample rate for the deglitch algorithm and the off-hook intrusion algorithm
(40 ms units).
0000000 = Disables the deglitch algorithm, and sets the off-hook intrusion sample rate to
200 ms and delay between compared samples to 800 ms.
SE0 (CF1). Chip Functions 1
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
ICTS
ND
SD[2:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0010_0010 (0x22)
Bit
Name
7:6
Reserved
5
ITCS
Function
Read returns zero.
Invert CTS pin.
0 = Inverted (CTS).
1 = Normal (CTS).
4
Reserved
3
ND
2:0
SD[2:0]
Read returns zero.
0 = 8N1.
1 = 9N1 (hardware UART only).
Serial Dividers.
000 = 300 bps serial link.
001 = 1200 bps serial link.
010 = 2400 bps serial link.
011 = 9600 bps serial link.
100 = 19200 bps serial link.
101 = 38400 bps serial link
110 = 115200 bps serial link.
111 = 307200 bps serial link.
50
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SE1 (GPIO1). General Purpose Input/Output 1
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Name
D1
D0
GPD5 GPIO5
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x04)
Bit
7:2
1
Name
Reserved
GPD5
0
GPIO5
Function
Read returns zero.
GPIO5 Data.
Data = 0.
Data = 1.
GPIO5.
0 = Digital input.
1 = Digital output (relay drive).
SE2 (GPIO2). General Purpose Input/Output 2
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
GPIO4[1:0]
GPIO3[1:0]
GPIO2[1:0]
GPIO1[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
7:6
Name
GPIO4[1:0] GPIO4.
Function
5:4
00 = Digital input.
01 = Digital output (relay drive).
10 = AOUT.
11 = INT function defined by S08.
GPIO3[1:0] GPIO3.
3:2
00 = Digital input.
01 = Digital output (relay drive).
10 = Reserved.
11 = ESC function (digital input).
GPIO2[1:0] GPIO2.
1:0
00 = Digital input.
01 = Digital output (relay drive; also used for CD function).
10 = Reserved.
11 = Digital input.
GPIO1[1:0] GPIO1*.
00 = Digital input.
01 = Digital output (relay drive).
10 = Reserved.
11 = Reserved.
*Note: To be used as a GPIO pin; SE4[3] (GPE) must equal zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
51
Si2401
SE3 (GPD). GPIO Data
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
Name
D3
D2
D1
D0
GPD4 GPD3 GPD2 GPD1
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7:4
Reserved
3
GPD4
Read returns zero.
GPIO4 Data.
Data = 0
Data = 1
2
GPD3
GPIO3 Data.
Data = 0
Data = 1
1
GPD2
GPIO2 Data.
Data = 0
Data = 1
0
GPD1
GPIO1 Data.
Data = 0
Data = 1
SE4 (CF5). Chip Functions 5
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Name NBCK SBCK
DRT
GPE
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
7
6
5
Name
NBCK
SBCK
DRT
4
3
Reserved
GPE
2:0
Reserved
52
Function
9600 Baud Clock (Read Only).
600 Baud Clock (Read Only).
Data Routing.
0 = Data mode, DSP output transmitted to line, line received by DSP input.
1 = Loopback mode, TXD through microcontroller (DSP) to RXD.
Read returns zero.
GPIO1 Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable GPIO1 to be HDLC end-of-frame flag.
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SE5 (DSP1). (SE8 = 0x02) Read Only Definition
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
Name DDAV TDET
Type
R
R
D2
D1
D0
TONE[4:0]
R
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7
DDAV
DSP Data Available.
6
TDET
Tone Detected.
Indicates a TONE (any of type 0–25 below) has been detected.
0 = Not detected.
1 = Detected.
5
Reserved
Read returns zero.
4:0
TONE[4:0]
Tone Type Detected.
When TDET goes high, TONE indicates which tone has been detected from the following:
TONE
Tone Type
Priority
00000–01111 DTMF 0–15 (DTMFE = 1)1 See Table 17 on page 28.
1
2
10000
Answer tone detected 2100 Hz (ANSE = 1)2
10001
Bell 103 answer tone detected 2225 Hz (ANSE = 1)
2
3
10010
V.23 forward channel mark 1300 Hz (V23E = 1)3
10011
V.23 backward channel mark 390 Hz (V23E = 1)
3
4
10100
User defined frequency 1 (USEN1 = 1)4
10101
User defined frequency 2 (USEN1 = 1)
4
10110
Call progress filter A detected
6
5
10111
User defined frequency 3 (USEN2 = 1)5
11000
User defined frequency 4 (USEN2 = 1)
5
11001
Call progress filter B detected
6
Notes:
1. SE6[0] (DTMFE) SE8 = 0x02.
2. SE6[1] (ANSE) SE8 = 0x02.
3. SE6[2] (V23E) SE8 = 0x02.
4. SE6[3] (USEN1) SE8 = 0x02.
5. SE6[4] (USEN2) SE8 = 0x02.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
53
Si2401
SE5 (DSP2). (SE8 = 0x02) Write Only Definition
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
DTM[3:0]
TONC[2:0]
Type
W
W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7
6:3
Reserved
DTM[3:0]
2:0
TONC[2:0]
Always write zero.
Tone Type Generated.
DTMF tone (0–15) to transmit when selected by TONC = 001. See Table 17 on page 28.
DTMF Tone Selector.
Tone
Tone Type
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
Mute
DTMF
2225 Hz Bell mode answer tone with phase reversal
2100 Hz CCITT mode answer tone with phase reversal
2225 Hz Bell mode answer tone without phase reversal
2100 Hz CCITT mode answer tone without phase reversal
User-defined programmable frequency tone (UFRQ)
(see Table 18 on page 30, default = 1700 Hz)
1300 Hz V.25 calling tone
111
54
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SE6 (DSP3). (SE8 = 0x02) Write Only Definition
Bit
D7
D6
Name
CPSQ
Type
W
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CPCD
USEN2
USEN1
V23E
ANSE
DTMFE
W
W
W
W
W
W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7
CPSQ
Call Progress Squaring Filter.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enables a squaring function on the output of filter B before the input to A (cascade
only).
6
CPCD
Call Progress Cascade Disable.
0 = Call progress filter B output is input into call progress filter A. Output from filter A is used in the detector.
1 = Cascade disabled. Two independent fourth order filters available (A and B). The
largest output of the two is used in the detector.
5
Reserved
4
USEN2
User Tone Reporting Enable 2.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable the reporting of user defined frequency tones 3 and 4 through TONE.
3
USEN1
User Tone Reporting Enable 1.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable the reporting of user defined frequency tones 1 and 2.
2
V23E
V.23 Tone Reporting Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable the reporting of V.23 tones, 390 Hz and 1300 Hz.
1
ANSE
Answering Tone Reporting Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable the reporting of answer tones.
0
DTMFE
DTMF Tone Reporting Enable.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable the reporting of DTMF tones.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
55
Si2401
SEB (TPD). Timer and Powerdown
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
Name
PDDE
Type
R/W
D2
D1
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7:4
Reserved
3
PDDE
Function
Read returns zero.
Powerdown DSP Engine.
0 = Power on.
1 = Powerdown.
2:0
56
Reserved
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
D0
Si2401
SEC (RVC1). Ring Validation Control 1
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
RNGV
RDLY[2:0]
RCC[2:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 1000_1000 (0x88)
Bit
Name
7
RNGV
Function
Ring Validation Enable.
0 = Ring validation feature is disabled.
1 = Ring validation feature is enabled in both normal operating mode and lowpower mode.
6:4
RDLY[2:0]
Ring Delay.
These bits set the amount of time between when a ring signal is validated and when a
valid ring signal is indicated.
RDLY[2:0]
Delay
000
0 ms
001
256 ms
010
512 ms
.
.
.
111
1792 ms
3:1
RCC[2:0]
Ring Confirmation Count.
These bits set the amount of time that the ring frequency must be within the tolerances
set by the RAS[5:0] bits and the RMX[3:0] bits to be classified as a valid ring signal.
RCC[2:0]
Ring Confirmation Count Time
000
100 ms
001
150 ms
010
200 ms
011
256 ms
100
384 ms
101
512 ms
110
640 ms
111
1024 ms
0
Reserved
This bit must always be written to zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
57
Si2401
SED (RVCZ). Ring Validation Control 2
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Name
RAS[5:0]
Type
R/W
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0001_1001 (0x19)
Bit
Name
7:6
Reserved
Read returns zero.
5:0
RAS[5:0]
Ring Assertion Time.
These bits set the minimum ring frequency for a valid ring signal. During ring qualification,
a timer is loaded with the RAS[5:0] field upon a TIP/RING event and decrements at a regular rate. If a second or subsequent TIP/RING event occurs after the timer has timed out,
the frequency of the ring is too low, and the ring is invalidated. The difference between
RAS[5:0] and RMX[5:0] identifies the minimum duration between TIP/RING events to qualify as a ring, in binary-coded increments of 2.0 ms (nominal). A TIP/RING event typically
occurs twice per ring tone period. At 20 Hz, TIP/RING events would occur every
1/(2 x 20 Hz) = 25 ms. To calculate the correct RAS[5:0] value for a frequency range
[f_min, f_max], the following equation should be used: RAS[5:0] = 1 / (2 x f_min).
58
Function
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SEE (RVC3). Ring Validation Control 3
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
RTO[3:0]
RMX[3:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0001_0110 (0x16)
Bit
Name
Function
7:4
RTO[3:0]
Ring Timeout.
These bits set when a ring signal is determined to be over after the most recent ring
threshold crossing.
RTO[3:0]
Ring Timeout
0000
80 ms
0001
128 ms
0010
256 ms
.
.
.
1111
1920 ms
3:0
RMX[3:0]
Ring Assertion Maximum Count.
These bits set the maximum ring frequency for a valid ring signal. During ring qualification,
a timer is loaded with the RAS[5:0] field upon a TIP/RING event and decrements at a regular rate. When a subsequent TIP/RING event occurs, the timer value is compared to the
RMX[3:0] field, and if it exceeds the value in RMX[3:0], the frequency of the ring is too
high, and the ring is invalidated. The difference between RAS[5:0] and RMX[3:0] identifies
the minimum duration between TIP/RING events to qualify as a ring, in binary-coded increments of 2.0 ms (nominal). A TIP/RING event typically occurs twice per ring tone period.
At 20 Hz, TIP/RING events would occur every 1/(2 x 20 Hz) = 25 ms. To calculate the correct RMX[3:0] value for a frequency range [f_min, f_max], the following equation should be
used: RMX[3:0] x 2 ms = RAS[5:0] – 2 ms – (1/(2 x f_max)).
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
59
Si2401
SF0 (DAA0). DAA Low Level Functions 0
Bit
D7
D6
Name
FOH[1:0]
Type
R/W
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
LM[1:0]
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0100_0000 (0x40)
Bit
Name
Function
7:6
FOH[1:0]
Fast Off-Hook Selection.
These bits determine the length of the off-hook counter. The default setting is 128 ms.
00 = 512 ms
01 = 128 ms
10 = 64 ms
11 = 8 ms
5:2
Reserved
Read returns zero.
1:0
LM[1:0]
Line Mode.
These bits determine the line status of the Si2401.*
00 = On-hook
01 = Off-hook
10 = On-hook line monitor mode
11 = Reserved
*Note: Under normal operation, the Si2401 internal microcontroller automatically sets these bits appropriately.
60
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SF1 (DAA1). DAA Low Level Functions 1
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Name
BTE
PDN
PDL
LVFD
HBE
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_1100 (0x0C)
Bit
Name
7
BTE
Function
Billing Tone Enable.
When the line-side device detects a billing tone, SF9[3] (BTD) is set.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
6
PDN
Powerdown.
0 = Normal operation.
1 = Powers down the Si2401.
5
PDL
Powerdown Line-Side Chip (typically only used for board level debug.)
0 = Normal operation. Program the clock generator before clearing this bit.
1 = Places the line-side device in lower power mode.
4
LVFD
3
Reserved
2
HBE
Line Voltage Force Disable.
0 = Normal operation.
1 = The circuitry that forces the LVS register to all 0s at 3 V or less is disabled. This register may display unpredictable values at voltages between 0 to 2 V. All 0s are displayed
if the line voltage is 0 V.
Do not modify.
Hybrid Transmit Path Connect.
0 = Disable.
1 = Enable.
1:0
Reserved
Do not modify.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
61
Si2401
SF2 (DAA2). DAA Low Level Functions 2
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
Name
FDT
Type
R
D2
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7:4
Reserved
3
FDT
Function
Read only.
Frame Detect (Typically only used for board-level debug).
1 = Indicates isolation capacitor frame lock has been established.
0 = Indicates isolation capacitor frame lock has not been established.
2:0
Reserved
Reserved
SF4 (DAA4). DAA Low Level Functions 4
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
ARL[1:0]
ATL[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_1111 (0x0F)
Bit
Name
Function
7:4
Reserved
Read returns zero.
3:2
ARL[1:0]
AOUT Receive—Path Level.
DAA receive path signal AOUT gain.
00 = 0 dB
01 = –6 dB
10 = –12 dB
11 = Mute
1:0
ATL[1:0]
AOUT Transmit—Path Level.
DAA transmit path signal AOUT gain.
00 = –18 dB
01 = –24 dB
10 = –30 dB
11 = Mute
62
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SF5 (DAA5). DAA Low Level Functions 5
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Name
OHS[1:0]
ILIM
RZ
RT
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
Function
7:6
Reserved
Read returns zero.
5:4
OHS[1:0]
On-Hook Speed.
These bits set the amount of time for the line-side device to go on-hook. The on-hook
speeds specified are measured from the time the register is written until loop current
equals zero.
OHS[1:0]
Mean On-Hook Speed
00
Less than 0.5 ms
01
3 ms ±10% (Meets ETSI standard)
1X
20 ms ±10% (Meets Australian spark quenching spec)
3
ILIM
Current Limiting Enable.
0 = Current limiting mode disabled.
1 = Current limiting mode enabled. This mode limits loop current to a maximum of 60 mA
per the TBR21 standard.
2
RZ
Ringer Impedance.
0 = Maximum (high) ringer impedance.
1 = Synthesized ringer impedance used to satisfy a maximum ringer impedance specification in countries, such as Poland, South Africa, and Slovenia.
1
Reserved
0
RT
Do not modify.
Ringer Threshold Select.
Used to satisfy country requirements on ring detection. Signals below the lower level do
not generate a ring detection; Signals above the upper level are guaranteed to generated
a ring detection.
0 = 13.5 to 16.5 VRMS
1 = 19.35 to 23.65 VRMS
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
63
Si2401
SF6 (DAA6). DAA Low Level Functions 6
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
MINI[1:0]
DCV[1:0]
ACT[3:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 1111_0000 (0xF0)
Bit
Name
7:6
MINI[1:0]
Minimum Operational Loop Current.
Adjusts the minimum loop current at which the DAA can operate. Increasing the minimum operational loop current can improve signal headroom at a lower TIP/RING voltage.
MINI[1:0] Min Loop Current
00
10 mA
01
12 mA
10
14 mA
11
16 mA
5:4
DCV[1:0]
TIP/RING Voltage Adjust.
These bits adjust the voltage on the DCT pin of the line-side device, which affects the
TIP/RING voltage on the line. Low voltage countries should use a lower TIP/RING voltage. Raising the TIP/RING voltage can improve signal headroom.
DCV[1:0] DCT Pin Voltage
00
3.1 V
01
3.2 V
10
3.35 V
11
3.5 V
3:0
ACT[3:0]
AC Termination Select.
ACT[3:0] AC Termination
0000
Real 600 Ω termination that satisfies the impedance requirements
of FCC part 68, JATE, and other countries.
0011
Global complex impedance. Complex impedance that satisfies global
impedance requirements EXCEPT New Zealand. May achieve higher
return loss for countries requiring complex ac termination.
[220 Ω + (820 Ω || 120 nF) and 220 Ω + (820 Ω || 115 nF)].
0100
Complex impedance for use in New Zealand.
[370 Ω + (620 Ω || 310 nF)]
1111
Complex impedance that satisfies global impedance requirements.
64
Function
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
SF8 (DAA8). DAA Low Level Functions 8
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
LRV[3:0]
DCR
Type
R
R/W
D0
Reset settings vary with line-side vision
Bit
7:4
Name
LRV[3:0]
3:2
1
Reserved
DCR
0
Reserved
Function
Line-Side Device Revision Number.
0001 = Si3010 Rev A
0010 = Si3010 Rev B
0011 = Si3010 Rev C
0100 = Si3010 Rev D
Read returns an indeterministic value.
DC Impedance Selection.
0 = 50 Ω dc termination is selected. This mode should be used for all standard
applications.
1 = 800 Ω dc termination is selected.
Do not modify.
SF9 (DAA9). DAA Low Level Functions 9 Read Only
Bit
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Name
BTD
OVL
ROV
Type
R/W
R
R/W
D0
Reset settings = 0010_0000 (0x20)
Bit
Name
7:4
Reserved
3
BTD
Function
Do not modify.
Billing Tone Detect (sticky).
0 = No billing tone detected.
1 = Billing tone detected.
2
OVL
Receive overload.
Same as ROV, except not sticky.
1
ROV
Receive Overload (sticky).
0 = No excessive level detected.
1 = Excessive input level detected.
0
Reserved
Do not modify.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
65
Si2401
SFC (DAAFC). DAA Low Level Functions
Bit
D7
Name
CTSM
Type
R/W
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Reset settings = 0000_0000 (0x00)
Bit
Name
7
CTSM
Function
Clear-to-Send (CTS) Mode.
0 = CTS pin is negated as soon as a start bit is detected and reasserted when the
transmit FIFO is empty.
1 = CTS pin is negated when the FIFO is > 70% full and reasserted when the FIFO is <
30% full.
6:0
66
Reserved
Read returns zero.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Pin Descriptions: Si2401
CLKIN/XTALI
1
16
GPIO1/EOFR
XTALO
2
3
15
14
GPIO2/CD
4
5
13
12
VA
GND
6
11
GPIO4/INT/AOUT
7
8
10
C1A
9
C2A
GPIO5/RI
VD
RXD
TXD
CTS
RESET
GPIO3/ESC
Pin #
Pin Name
Description
1
CLKIN/XTALI
XTALI—Crystal Oscillator Pin.
These pins provide support for parallel resonant AT cut crystals. XTALI also acts as an
input in the event that an external clock source is used in place of a crystal. A
4.9152 MHz crystal is required or a 4.9152 or 27 MHz clock on XTALI.
2
XTALO
3
GPI05/RI
4
VD
5
RXD
Receive Data.
Serial communication data from the Si2401.
6
TXD
Transmit Data.
Serial communication data to the Si2401.
7
CTS
Clear to Send.
Clear to send output used by the Si2401 to signal that the device is ready to receive
more digital data on the TXD pin.
8
RESET
9
C2A
Isolation Capacitor 2A.
Connects to one side of the isolation capacitor C2.
10
C1A
Isolation Capacitor 1A.
Connects to one side of the isolation capacitor C1.
XTALO—Crystal Oscillator Pin.
Serves as the output of the crystal amplifier.
General Purpose Input/RI.
This pin can be either a GPIO pin (digital in, digital out) or the RI pin. Default is digital
in. When programmed as RI, it indicates the presence of an ON segment of a ring
signal on the telephone line.
Supply Voltage.
Provides the 3.3 V supply voltage to the Si2401.
Reset Input.
An active low input that is used to reset all control registers to a defined, initialized
state. Also used to bring the Si2401 out of sleep mode.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
67
Si2401
Pin #
Pin Name
Description
11
GPIO4/INT/
AOUT
General Purpose Input/INT.
This pin can be either a GPIO pin (digital in, digital out) or the INT pin. Default is digital
in. When programmed as INT, this pin provides five functions. While the modem is
connected, it asserts if the carrier is lost, a wake-on ring (using the “ATZ” command)
event is detected, a loss of loop current event is detected, V.23 reversal is detected, or
if an intrusion event has been detected. The INT pin is sticky and stays asserted until
the host clears it by writing to the correct S register. (See register SE2[7:6].)
12
GND
13
VA
Regulator Voltage Reference.
This pin connects to an external capacitor and serves as the reference for the internal
voltage regulator.
14
GPIO3/ESC
General Purpose Input/Escape.
This pin can be either a GPIO pin (digital in, digital out) or the ESC pin. Default is digital in. When programmed as ESC, a positive edge on this pin causes the modem to go
from online (connected) mode to the offline (command) mode.
15
GPIO2/CD
General Purpose Input/CD.
This pin can be either a GPIO pin (digital in, digital out) or the CD pin. Default is digital
in. When programmed as CD, it is the active low carrier detect pin.
16
GPIO1/EOFR
68
Ground.
Connects to the system digital ground.
General Purpose Input/EOFR.
This pin can be either a GPIO pin (digital in, digital out) or the EOFR pin. Default is
digital in. This pin can also be programmed to function as the EOFR (end-of-frame
receive) signal for HDLC framing.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Pin Descriptions: Si3010
QE
1
16
DCT2
DCT
2
3
15
14
DCT3
4
5
13
12
QB
QE2
SC
RX
IB
C1B
C2B
6
11
VREG
7
10
RNG1
8
9
IGND
VREG2
RNG2
Table 23. Si3010 Pin Descriptions
Pin #
1
Pin Name
QE
2
DCT
3
RX
4
IB
5
C1B
6
C2B
7
VREG
8
RNG1
9
RNG2
10
VREG2
11
SC
12
QE2
13
QB
14
DCT3
15
IGND
16
DCT2
Description
Transistor Emitter.
Connects to the emitter of Q3.
DC Termination.
Provides dc termination to the telephone network.
Receive Input.
Serves as the receive side input from the telephone network.
Internal Bias 1.
Provides Internal Bias.
Isolation Capacitor 1B.
Connects to one side of isolation capacitor C1 and communicates with the Si2401.
Isolation Capacitor 2B.
Connects to one side of isolation capacitor C2 and communicates with the Si2401.
Voltage Regulator.
Connects to an external capacitor to provide bypassing for an internal power supply.
Ring 1.
Connects through a capacitor to the RING lead of the telephone line. Provides the ring
and caller ID signals to the Si2401.
Ring 2.
Connects through a capacitor to the TIP lead of the telephone line. Provides the ring
and caller ID signals to the Si2401.
Voltage Regulator 2.
Connects to an external capacitor to provide bypassing for an internal power supply.
Circuit Enable.
Enables transistor network.
Transistor Emitter 2.
Connects to the emitter of Q4.
Transistor Base.
Connects to the base of transistor Q3. Used to go on- and off-hook.
DC Termination 3.
Provides the dc termination to the telephone network.
Isolated Ground.
Connects to ground on the line-side interface.
DC Termination 2.
Provides dc termination to the telephone network.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
69
Si2401
Ordering Guide
Chipset
Region
Power Supply
Digital
Line
Temperature
Si2401
Global
3.3 V
Si2401-FS
Si3010-FS
0 to 70 °C
70
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
Si2401
Package Outline: 16-Pin SOIC
Figure 6 illustrates the package details for the Si2401 and Si3010. Table 24 lists the values for the dimensions
shown in the illustration.
16
9
h
E
H
0.010
θ
1
8
B
GAUGE PLANE
L
Detail F
D
A2
e
C
A
A1
See Detail F
γ
Seating Plane
Figure 6. 16-pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit (SOIC) Package
Table 24. Package Diagram Dimensions
Symbol
A
Millimeters
Min
Max
1.35
1.75
A1
.10
.25
A2
1.30
1.50
B
.33
.51
C
.19
.25
D
9.80
10.01
E
3.80
4.00
e
1.27 BSC
—
H
5.80
6.20
h
.25
.50
L
.40
1.27
γ
—
0.10
θ
0º
8º
Typical*
3
3
3
3
*Note: Typical parameters are for information
purposes only.
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
71
Si2401
Document Change List
Revision 0.7 to Revision 0.9
„
Updated Table 5, “Absolute Maximum Ratings,” on
page 8.
„
Updated "Bill of Materials: Si2401/10 Chipset" on
page 11.
Updated SF3 description in Table 21, “S-Register
Summary,” on page 33.
Updated SE4 description in Register SE4 (CF5).,
“Chip Functions 5,” on page 52.
Updated "Pin Descriptions: Si2401" on page 67.
Removed Appendix A and Appendix B. This
information can be found in “AN94: Si2401 Modem
Designer’s Guide”.
„
„
„
„
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
72
Si2401
Notes:
Preliminary Rev. 0.9
73
Si2401
Contact Information
Silicon Laboratories Inc.
4635 Boston Lane
Austin, TX 78735
Tel: 1+(512) 416-8500
Fax: 1+(512) 416-9669
Toll Free: 1+(877) 444-3032
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.silabs.com
The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice.
Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for errors and omissions, and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from
the use of information included herein. Additionally, Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed features
or parameters. Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice. Silicon Laboratories makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Silicon Laboratories assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Silicon Laboratories products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use in applications intended to
support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Silicon Laboratories product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Silicon Laboratories products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Silicon Laboratories harmless against all claims and damages.
Silicon Laboratories, Silicon Labs, and ISOmodem are trademarks of Silicon Laboratories Inc.
Other products or brandnames mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders
74
Preliminary Rev. 0.9