A4982 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection Features and Benefits Description ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ The A4982 is a complete microstepping motor driver with built-in translator for easy operation. It is designed to operate bipolar stepper motors in full-, half-, quarter-, and sixteenth-step modes, with an output drive capacity of up to 35 V and ±2 A. The A4982 includes a fixed off-time current regulator which has the ability to operate in Slow or Mixed decay modes. Low RDS(ON) outputs Automatic current decay mode detection/selection Mixed and Slow current decay modes Synchronous rectification for low power dissipation Internal UVLO Crossover-current protection 3.3 and 5 V compatible logic supply Thin profile QFN and TSSOP packages Thermal shutdown circuitry Short-to-ground protection Shorted load protection Low current Sleep mode, < 10 μA No smoke no fire (NSNF) compliance (ET package) The ET package meets customer requirements for no smoke no fire (NSNF) designs by adding no-connect pins between critical output, sense, and supply pins. So, in the case of a pin-to-adjacent-pin short, the device does not cause smoke or fire. Additionally, the device does not cause smoke or fire when any pin is shorted to ground or left open. Packages: Approximate size 32-contact QFN with exposed thermal pad The translator is the key to the easy implementation of the A4982. Simply inputting one pulse on the STEP input drives the motor one microstep. There are no phase sequence tables, high frequency control lines, or complex interfaces to program. The A4982 interface is an ideal fit for applications where a complex microprocessor is unavailable or is overburdened. 5 mm × 5 mm × 0.90 mm (ET package) During stepping operation, the chopping control in the A4982 automatically selects the current decay mode, Slow or Mixed. 24-pin TSSOP with exposed thermal pad (LP Package) Continued on the next page… Typical Application Diagram VDD 0.1 μF 0.1 μF 0.22 μF VREG ROSC 0.22 μF CP1 CP2 VCP VDD VBB2 5 kΩ Microcontroller or Controller Logic SLEEP STEP VBB1 OUT1A A4982 OUT1B SENSE1 MS1 MS2 DIR OUT2A ENABLE OUT2B RESET VREF 4982-DS GND GND SENSE2 100 μF DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Description (continued) In Mixed decay mode, the device is set initially to a fast decay for a proportion of the fixed off-time, then to a slow decay for the remainder of the off-time. Mixed decay current control results in reduced audible motor noise, increased step accuracy, and reduced power dissipation. Internal synchronous rectification control circuitry is provided to improve power dissipation during PWM operation. Internal circuit protection includes: thermal shutdown with hysteresis, undervoltage lockout (UVLO), and crossover-current protection. Special power-on sequencing is not required. The A4982 is supplied in two surface mount package, the ET, a 5 mm × 5 mm, 0.90 mm nominal overall package height QFN package, and the LP package, a 24-pin TSSOP. Both packages have exposed pads for enhanced thermal dissipation, and are lead (Pb) free (suffix –T), with 100% matte tin plated leadframes. Selection Guide Part Number Package Packing A4982SETTR-T 32-pin QFN with exposed thermal pad 1500 pieces per 7-in. reel A4982SLPTR-T 24-pin TSSOP with exposed thermal pad 4000 pieces per 13-in. reel Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic Symbol Load Supply Voltage VBB Notes Rating Units 35 V Output Current IOUT ±2 A Logic Input Voltage VIN –0.3 to 5.5 V Logic Supply Voltage VDD –0.3 to 5.5 V 35 V VSENSE 0.5 V VREF 5.5 V VBBx to OUTx Sense Voltage Reference Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature Maximum Junction Storage Temperature –20 to 85 ºC TJ(max) 150 ºC Tstg –55 to 150 ºC TA Range S Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 2 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Functional Block Diagram 0.1 MF 0.22 MF VREG VDD Current Regulator ROSC CP1 CP2 Charge Pump OSC VCP 0.1 MF DMOS Full Bridge REF DAC VBB1 OUT1A OUT1B PWM Latch Blanking Mixed Decay STEP OCP SENSE1 Gate Drive DIR RESET MS1 Translator Control Logic MS2 PWM Latch Blanking Mixed Decay SLEEP DAC VBB2 RS1 OUT2A OCP ENABLE DMOS Full Bridge OUT2B SENSE2 RS2 VREF Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 3 A4982 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS1 at TA = 25°C, VBB = 35 V (unless otherwise noted) Characteristics Output Drivers Min. Typ.2 Max. Units 8 0 3.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 320 320 – – – – – – – – 35 35 5.5 430 430 1.3 1.3 4 2 10 8 5 10 V V V mΩ mΩ V V mA mA μA mA mA μA VIN(1) VDD0.7 – – V VIN(0) – – V μA Symbol Load Supply Voltage Range VBB Logic Supply Voltage Range VDD Output On Resistance RDSON Body Diode Forward Voltage VF Motor Supply Current IBB Logic Supply Current IDD Test Conditions Operating During Sleep Mode Operating Source Driver, IOUT = –1.5 A Sink Driver, IOUT = 1.5 A Source Diode, IF = –1.5 A Sink Diode, IF = 1.5 A fPWM < 50 kHz Operating, outputs disabled Sleep Mode fPWM < 50 kHz Outputs off Sleep Mode Control Logic Logic Input Voltage Logic Input Current Microstep Select Logic Input Hysteresis Blank Time IIN(1) IIN(0) RMS1 RMS2 VHYS(IN) tBLANK Fixed Off-Time tOFF Reference Input Voltage Range Reference Input Current VREF IREF Current Trip-Level Error3 errI Crossover Dead Time Protection Overcurrent Protection Threshold4 Thermal Shutdown Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis VDD Undervoltage Lockout VDD Undervoltage Hysteresis tDT IOCPST TTSD TTSDHYS VDDUVLO VDDUVLOHYS VIN = VDD0.7 VIN = VDD0.3 MS1 pin MS2 pin As a % of VDD OSC = VDD or GND ROSC = 25 kΩ VREF = 2 V, %ITripMAX = 38.27% VREF = 2 V, %ITripMAX = 70.71% VREF = 2 V, %ITripMAX = 100.00% VDD rising –20 <1.0 VDD0.3 20 –20 <1.0 20 μA – – 5 0.7 20 23 0 –3 – – – 100 100 33.3 11 1 30 30 – 0 – – – 475 – – 19 1.3 40 37 4 3 ±15 ±5 ±5 800 kΩ kΩ % μs μs μs V μA % % % ns 2.1 – – 2.7 – – 165 15 2.8 90 – – – 2.9 – A °C °C V mV 1For input and output current specifications, negative current is defined as coming out of (sourcing) the specified device pin. data are for initial design estimations only, and assume optimum manufacturing and application conditions. Performance may vary for individual units, within the specified maximum and minimum limits. 3V ERR = [(VREF/8) – VSENSE] / (VREF/8). 2Typical Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 4 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS may require derating at maximum conditions Characteristic Symbol Package Thermal Resistance RθJA Test Conditions* Value Units ET package; estimated, on 4-layer PCB, based on JEDEC standard 32 ºC/W LP package; on 4-layer PCB, based on JEDEC standard 28 ºC/W *In still air. Additional thermal information available on Allegro Web site. Maximum Power Dissipation, PD(max) 5.5 5.0 4.5 Power Dissipation, PD (W) 4.0 (R 3.5 θJ (R 3.0 θJ 2.5 A =3 A 1º = C/ 28 W ) ºC /W ) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (°C) 140 160 180 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 5 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 tA tB STEP tC tD MS1, MS2, RESET, or DIR Time Duration Symbol Typ. Unit STEP minimum, HIGH pulse width tA 1 μs STEP minimum, LOW pulse width tB 1 μs Setup time, input change to STEP tC 200 ns Hold time, input change to STEP tD 200 ns Figure 1. Logic Interface Timing Diagram Table 1. Microstep Resolution Truth Table MS1 MS2 Microstep Resolution Excitation Mode L L Full Step 2 Phase H L Half Step 1-2 Phase L H Quarter Step W1-2 Phase H H Sixteenth Step 4W1-2 Phase Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 6 A4982 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection Functional Description Device Operation. The A4982 is a complete microstepping Low Current Microstepping. Intended for applications motor driver with a built-in translator for easy operation with minimal control lines. It is designed to operate bipolar stepper motors in full-, half-, quarter-, and sixteenth-step resolution modes. The currents in each of the two output full-bridges and all of the N-channel DMOS FETs are regulated with fixed off-time PWM (pulse width modulated) control circuitry. At each step, the current for each full-bridge is set by the value of its external current-sense resistor (RS1 and RS2), a reference voltage (VREF), and the output voltage of its DAC (which in turn is controlled by the output of the translator). where the minimum on-time prevents the output current from regulating to the programmed current level at low current steps. To prevent this, the device can be set to operate in Mixed decay mode on both rising and falling portions of the current waveform. This feature is implemented by shorting the ROSC pin to ground. In this state, the off-time is internally set to 30 μs. At power-on or reset, the translator sets the DACs and the phase current polarity to the initial Home state (shown in figures 10 through 13), and the current regulator to Mixed decay mode for both phases. When a step command signal occurs on the STEP input, the translator automatically sequences the DACs to the next level and current polarity. (See table 2 for the current-level sequence.) The microstep resolution is set by the combined effect of the MSx inputs, as shown in table 1. When stepping, if the new output levels of the DACs are lower than their previous output levels, then the decay mode for the active full-bridge is set to Mixed. If the new output levels of the DACs are higher than or equal to their previous levels, then the decay mode for the active full-bridge is set to Slow. This automatic current decay selection improves microstepping performance by reducing the distortion of the current waveform that results from the back EMF of the motor. ¯ ). The ¯R¯¯E¯¯S¯E¯¯T¯ input sets the translator Reset Input (¯R¯¯E¯¯S¯¯E¯¯T to a predefined Home state (shown in figures 10 through 13), and turns off all of the FET outputs. All STEP inputs are ignored until ¯¯S¯E ¯¯T ¯ input is set to high. the ¯R¯¯E Step Input (STEP). A low-to-high transition on the STEP input sequences the translator and advances the motor one increment. The translator controls the input to the DACs and the direction of current flow in each winding. The size of the increment is determined by the combined state of inputs MS1 and MS2. Direction Input (DIR). This determines the direction of rotation of the motor. Changes to this input do not take effect until the next STEP rising edge. Internal PWM Current Control. Each full-bridge is con- trolled by a fixed off-time PWM current control circuit that limits the load current to a desired value, ITRIP . Initially, a diagonal pair of source and sink FET outputs are enabled and current flows through the motor winding and the current sense resistor, RSx. When the voltage across RSx equals the DAC output voltage, the current sense comparator resets the PWM latch. The latch then Microstep Select (MS1 and MS2). The microstep resolution is set by the voltage on logic inputs MS1 and MS2, as shown turns off either the source FET (when in Slow decay mode) or the sink and source FETs (when in Mixed decay mode). in table 1. MS1 has a 100 kΩ pull-down resistance, and MS2 has a 33.3 kΩ pull-down resistance. When changing the step mode the The maximum value of current limiting is set by the selection of change does not take effect until the next STEP rising edge. RSx and the voltage at the VREF pin. The transconductance function is approximated by the maximum value of current limiting, If the step mode is changed without a translator reset, and absoITripMAX (A), which is set by lute position must be maintained, it is important to change the step mode at a step position that is common to both step modes in ITripMAX = VREF / ( 8 RS) order to avoid missing steps. When the device is powered down, or reset due to TSD or an overcurrent event the translator is set to where RS is the resistance of the sense resistor (Ω) and VREF is the home position which is by default common to all step modes. the input voltage on the REF pin (V). Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 7 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Slow Decay Mixed Decay Slow Decay Mixed Decay Slow Decay Mixed Decay Slow Decay Mixed Decay Missed Step Voltage on ROSC terminal 2 V/div. Step input 10 V/div. t → , 1 s/div. Figure 2. Missed steps in low-speed microstepping Mixed Decay ILOAD 500 mA/div. Step input 10 V/div. No Missed Steps t → , 1 s/div. Figure 3. Continuous stepping using automatically-selected mixed stepping (ROSC pin grounded) Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 8 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 The DAC output reduces the VREF output to the current sense comparator in precise steps, such that Itrip = (%ITripMAX / 100) × ITripMAX (See table 2 for %ITripMAX at each step.) It is critical that the maximum rating (0.5 V) on the SENSE1 and SENSE2 pins is not exceeded. Fixed Off-Time. The internal PWM current control circuitry uses a one-shot circuit to control the duration of time that the DMOS FETs remain off. The off-time, tOFF , is determined by the ROSC terminal. The ROSC terminal has three settings: ▪ ROSC tied to VDD — off-time internally set to 30 μs, decay mode is automatic Mixed decay except when in full step where decay mode is set to Slow decay ▪ ROSC tied directly to ground — off-time internally set to 30 μs, current decay is set to Mixed decay for both increasing and decreasing currents, except in full step where decay mode is set to Slow decay. (See Low Current Microstepping section.) ▪ ROSC through a resistor to ground — off-time is determined by the following formula , the decay mode is automatic Mixed decay for all step modes. tOFF ≈ ROSC ⁄ 825 Where tOFF is in μs. Blanking. This function blanks the output of the current sense comparators when the outputs are switched by the internal current control circuitry. The comparator outputs are blanked to prevent false overcurrent detection due to reverse recovery currents of the clamp diodes, and switching transients related to the capacitance of the load. The blank time, tBLANK (μs), is approximately tBLANK ≈ 1 μs Shorted-Load and Short-to-Ground Protection. If the motor leads are shorted together, or if one of the leads is shorted to ground, the driver will protect itself by sensing the overcurrent event and disabling the driver that is shorted, protecting the device from damage. In the case of a short-to-ground, the ¯¯L ¯¯E ¯¯E ¯¯P input goes device will remain disabled (latched) until the S high or VDD power is removed. A short-to-ground overcurrent event is shown in figure 4. overcurrent condition that exists. This causes the driver to go into a fixed off-time cycle. After the fixed off-time expires the driver turns on again and the process repeats. In this condition the driver is completely protected against overcurrent events, but the short is repetitive with a period equal to the fixed off-time of the driver. This condition is shown in figure 5. If the driver is operating in Mixed decay mode, it is normal for the positive current to spike, due to the bridge going in the forward direction and then in the negative direction, as a result of the direction change implemented by the Mixed decay feature. This is shown in figure 6. In both instances the overcurrent circuitry is protecting the driver and prevents damage to the device. Charge Pump (CP1 and CP2). The charge pump is used to generate a gate supply greater than that of VBB for driving the source-side FET gates. A 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor, should be connected between CP1 and CP2. In addition, a 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor is required between VCP and VBB, to act as a reservoir for operating the high-side FET gates. Capacitor values should be Class 2 dielectric ±15% maximum, or tolerance R, according to EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) specifications. VREG (VREG). This internally-generated voltage is used to operate the sink-side FET outputs. The VREG pin must be decoupled with a 0.22 μF ceramic capacitor to ground. VREG is internally monitored. In the case of a fault condition, the FET outputs of the A4982 are disabled. Capacitor values should be Class 2 dielectric ±15% maximum, or tolerance R, according to EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) specifications. Enable Input (¯E¯¯N¯¯A¯¯B¯¯L¯¯E¯ ). This input turns on or off all of the FET outputs. When set to a logic high, the outputs are disabled. When set to a logic low, the internal control enables the outputs as required. The translator inputs STEP, DIR, MS1, and MS2, as well as the internal sequencing logic, all remain active, independent of ¯¯N¯¯A¯¯B ¯¯L ¯¯E ¯ input state. the ¯E Shutdown. In the event of a fault, overtemperature (excess TJ) or an undervoltage (on VCP), the FET outputs of the A4982 are disabled until the fault condition is removed. At power-on, the When the two outputs are shorted together, the current path is through the sense resistor. After the blanking time (≈1 μs) expires, UVLO (undervoltage lockout) circuit disables the FET outputs and resets the translator to the Home state. the sense resistor voltage is exceeding its trip value, due to the Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 9 A4982 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection Sleep Mode ( ¯S¯¯L¯¯E¯¯E¯¯P¯ ). To minimize power consumption when the motor is not in use, this input disables much of the internal circuitry including the output FETs, current regulator, ¯¯L ¯¯E ¯¯E ¯¯P pin puts the A4982 and charge pump. A logic low on the S into Sleep mode. A logic high allows normal operation, as well as start-up (at which time the A4982 drives the motor to the Home microstep position). When emerging from Sleep mode, in order to allow the charge pump to stabilize, provide a delay of 1 ms before issuing a Step command. 5 A / div. t→ Mixed Decay Operation. The bridge operates in Mixed decay mode, at power-on and reset, and during normal running according to the ROSC configuration and the step sequence, as shown in figures 3 through 6. During Mixed decay, when the trip point is reached, the A4982 initially goes into a fast decay mode for 31.25% of the off-time, tOFF . After that, it switches to Slow decay mode for the remainder of tOFF. A timing diagram for this feature appears in figure7. Typically, mixed decay is only necessary when the current in the winding is going from a higher value to a lower value as determined by the state of the translator. For most loads automatically-selected mixed decay is convenient because it minimizes ripple when the current is rising and prevents missed steps when the current is falling. For some applications where microstepping at very low speeds is necessary, the lack of back EMF in the winding causes the current to increase in the load quickly, resulting in missed steps. This is shown in figure 2. By pulling the ROSC pin to ground, mixed decay is set to be active 100% of the time, for both rising and falling currents, and prevents missed steps as shown in figure 3. If this is not an issue, it is recommended that automatically-selected mixed decay be used, because it will produce reduced ripple currents. Refer to the Fixed Off-Time section for details. Synchronous Rectification. When a PWM-off cycle is triggered by an internal fixed-off-time cycle, load current recirculates according to the decay mode selected by the control logic. This synchronous rectification feature turns on the appropriate FETs during current decay, and effectively shorts out the body diodes with the low FET RDS(ON). This reduces power dissipation significantly, and can eliminate the need for external Schottky diodes in many applications. Synchronous rectification turns off when the load current approaches zero (0 A), preventing reversal of the load current. Fault latched Figure 4. Short-to-ground event 5 A / div. Fixed off-time t→ Figure 5. Shorted load (OUTxA → OUTxB) in Slow decay mode 5 A / div. Fixed off-time Fast decay portion (direction change) t→ Figure 6. Shorted load (OUTxA → OUTxB) in Mixed decay mode Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 10 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 VSTEP 100.00 70.71 See Enlargement A IOUT 0 –70.71 –100.00 Enlargement A toff IPEAK tFD tSD Slow Decay Mixed Decay IOUT Fa st De ca y t Symbol toff IPEAK Characteristic Device fixed off-time Maximum output current tSD Slow decay interval tFD Fast decay interval IOUT Device output current Figure 7. Current Decay Modes Timing Chart Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 11 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Application Layout The two input capacitors should be placed in parallel, and as close to the device supply pins as possible. The ceramic capacitor (CIN1) should be closer to the pins than the bulk capacitor (CIN2). This is necessary because the ceramic capacitor will be responsible for delivering the high frequency current components. The sense resistors, RSx , should have a very low impedance path to ground, because they must carry a large current while supporting very accurate voltage measurements by the current sense comparators. Long ground traces will cause additional voltage drops, adversely affecting the ability of the comparators to accurately measure the current in the windings. The SENSEx pins have very short traces to the RSx resistors and very thick, low impedance traces directly to the star ground underneath the device. If possible, there should be no other components on the sense circuits. Layout. Typical application circuits and layouts are shown in figures 8 (LP package) and 9 (ET package).The printed circuit board should use a heavy groundplane. For optimum electrical and thermal performance, the A4982 must be soldered directly onto the board. On the underside of the A4982 package is an exposed pad, which provides a path for enhanced thermal dissipation. The thermal pad should be soldered directly to an exposed surface on the PCB. Thermal vias are used to transfer heat to other layers of the PCB. In order to minimize the effects of ground bounce and offset issues, it is important to have a low impedance single-point ground, known as a star ground, located very close to the device. By making the connection between the pad and the ground plane directly under the A4982, that area becomes an ideal location for a star ground point. A low impedance ground will prevent ground bounce during high current operation and ensure that the supply voltage remains stable at the input terminal. Solder A4982 Trace (2 oz.) Signal (1 oz.) Ground (1 oz.) PCB Thermal (2 oz.) Thermal Vias OUT2B C3 U1 GND C6 GND C4 GND C3 OUT2A C5 R4 ROSC R5 C4 C5 OUT1A C1 GND CAPACITANCE VDD ROSC SLEEP VDD STEP C1 C2 VBB2 PAD RESET OUT1B BULK GND VCP VREG GND GND ENABLE OUT2B CP2 MS1 MS2 GND ROSC GND A4982 CP1 REF C6 SENSE2 OUT2A R4 OUT1A SENSE1 VBB1 R5 OUT1B DIR C2 GND VDD VBB VBB Figure 8. LP package typical application and circuit layout Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 12 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 OUT2A OUT2B OUT1A OUT1B OUT2B GND OUT1A OUT2A R5 R4 GND OUT1B OUT2B VBB2 C6 GND CP1 SLEEP ROSC RESET MS1 VCP R3 STEP C4 GND C2 REF A4982 CP2 C3 GND C1 DIR GND C6 C3 VBB1 PAD ENABLE BULK CAPACITANCE VREG U1 VBB OUT1B VDD C2 OUT1A VBB SENSE1 SENSE2 R5 MS2 R4 OUT2A C7 VDD C1 C5 ROSC C4 GND C5 ROSC VDD Figure 9. ET package typical application and circuit layout Pin Circuit Diagrams VDD VBB VBB 8V GND GND SENSE GND CP2 GND GND GND GND GND VBB 10 V CP1 40 V PGND VREG VCP VREG DMOS Parasitic GND 8V STEP MS1 MS2 DIR ENABLE RESET SLEEP VBB OUT DMOS Parasitic 8V GND DMOS Parasitic GND GND Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 13 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 STEP STEP 100.00 100.00 70.71 70.71 Mixed* Slow Phase 1 IOUT1A Direction = H (%) –100.00 100.00 Phase 2 IOUT2A Direction = H (%) –100.00 100.00 70.71 Slow Mixed* Slow Slow Mixed Phase 2 IOUT2B Direction = H (%) 0.00 Mixed 0.00 –70.71 70.71 Slow Mixed Home Microstep Position –70.71 Home Microstep Position 0.00 Slow Mixed Home Microstep Position Slow Home Microstep Position Phase 1 IOUT1A Direction = H (%) Mixed Slow Slow Mixed 0.00 –70.71 –70.71 –100.00 –100.00 *With ROSC pin tied to GND DIR= H DIR= H Figure 10. Decay Mode for Full-Step Increments Figure 11. Decay Modes for Half-Step Increments STEP 100.00 92.39 70.71 Slow –38.27 –70.71 –92.39 –100.00 100.00 92.39 Slow Mixed* 70.71 Phase 2 IOUT2B Direction = H (%) Mixed Slow Mixed 0.00 Home Microstep Position Phase 1 IOUT1A Direction = H (%) Mixed* 38.27 38.27 Slow Mixed Slow Mixed Slow Mixed 0.00 –38.27 –70.71 –92.39 –100.00 *With ROSC pin tied to GND DIR= H Figure 12. Decay Modes for Quarter-Step Increments Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 14 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 STEP 100 96 88 83 77 71 63 56 47 Mixed* 38 29 Phase 1 IOUT1A Direction = H (%) 20 10 Slow 0 Mixed Slow Mixed –10 –20 –29 Home Microstep Position –38 –47 –56 –63 –71 –77 –83 –88 –96 –100 100 96 88 83 77 71 63 56 47 38 Mixed* 29 Phase 2 IOUT2B Direction = H (%) 20 10 0 Slow Mixed Slow Mixed Slow –10 –20 –29 –38 –47 –56 –63 –71 –77 –83 –88 –96 –100 *With ROSC pin tied to GND DIR= H Figure 13. Decay Modes for Sixteenth-Step Increments Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 15 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Table 2. Step Sequencing Settings Home microstep position at Step Angle 45º; DIR = H Full Step (#) Half Step (#) 1/4 Step (#) 1 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 5 6 2 4 7 8 5 9 1/16 Phase 2 Phase 1 Step Step Current Current Angle (#) (% ITRIP(max)) (% ITRIP(max)) (°) Full Step (#) Half Step (#) 1/4 Step (#) 5 9 1/16 Phase 2 Phase 1 Step Step Current Current Angle (#) (% ITRIP(max)) (% ITRIP(max)) (°) 1 0.00 100.00 0.0 2 9.38 100.00 5.6 3 18.75 98.44 11.3 35 –18.75 –98.44 191.3 4 29.69 95.31 16.9 36 –29.69 –95.31 196.9 5 37.50 92.19 22.5 37 –37.50 –92.19 202.5 6 46.88 87.50 28.1 38 –46.88 –87.50 208.1 7 56.25 82.81 33.8 39 –56.25 –82.81 213.8 8 64.06 76.56 39.4 40 –64.06 –76.56 219.4 9 70.31 70.31 45.0 41 –70.31 –70.31 225.0 10 76.56 64.06 50.6 42 –76.56 –64.06 230.6 11 82.81 56.25 56.3 43 –82.81 –56.25 236.3 12 87.50 46.88 61.9 44 –87.50 –46.88 241.9 13 92.19 37.50 67.5 45 –92.19 –37.50 247.5 14 95.31 29.69 73.1 46 –95.31 –29.69 253.1 15 98.44 18.75 78.8 47 –98.44 –18.75 258.8 16 100.00 9.38 84.4 48 –100.00 –9.38 264.4 17 100.00 0.00 90.0 49 –100.00 0.00 270.0 18 100.00 –9.38 95.6 50 –100.00 9.38 275.6 19 98.44 –18.75 101.3 51 –98.44 18.75 281.3 20 95.31 –29.69 106.9 21 92.19 –37.50 112.5 22 87.50 –46.88 23 82.81 24 76.56 25 10 3 6 11 12 7 13 33 0.00 –100.00 180.0 34 –9.38 –100.00 185.6 52 –95.31 29.69 286.9 53 –92.19 37.50 292.5 118.1 54 –87.50 46.88 298.1 –56.25 123.8 55 –82.81 56.25 303.8 –64.06 129.4 56 –76.56 64.06 309.4 70.31 –70.31 135.0 57 –70.31 70.31 315.0 26 64.06 –76.56 140.6 58 –64.06 76.56 320.6 27 56.25 –82.81 146.3 59 –56.25 82.81 326.3 28 46.88 –87.50 151.9 60 –46.88 87.50 331.9 29 37.50 –92.19 157.5 61 –37.50 92.19 337.5 30 29.69 –95.31 163.1 62 –29.69 95.31 343.1 31 18.75 –98.44 168.8 63 –18.75 98.44 348.8 32 9.38 –100.00 174.4 64 –9.38 100.00 354.4 33 0.00 –100.00 180.0 1 0.00 100.00 360.0 14 4 8 15 16 1 1 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 16 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 Pin-out Diagrams LP Package 24 GND CP2 2 23 ENABLE VCP 3 22 OUT2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 PAD OUT1B NC VBB1 NC 20 SENSE2 MS1 5 MS2 6 PAD RESET 7 DIR GND REF 17 STEP 8 21 VBB2 VREG 4 ROSC 8 SLEEP 9 VDD 10 STEP 11 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 GND CP1 CP2 SENSE2 NC OUT2A NC NC OUT1A NC SENSE1 OUT2B NC VBB2 NC ENABLE CP1 1 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 ET Package VCP VREG MS1 MS2 RESET ROSC SLEEP VDD REF 12 19 OUT2A 18 OUT1A 17 SENSE1 16 VBB1 15 OUT1B 14 DIR 13 GND Terminal List Table Number Name CP1 Description ET1 LP 7 1 Charge pump capacitor terminal CP2 8 2 Charge pump capacitor terminal DIR 20 14 Logic input ¯E¯¯N¯¯A¯¯B¯¯L¯¯E¯ 5 23 GND 6, 19 13, 24 MS1 11 5 Logic input MS2 12 6 Logic input NC 2, 4, 21, 23, 26, 28, 29, 31 – No connection Logic input Ground2 OUT1A 27 18 DMOS Full Bridge 1 Output A OUT1B 24 15 DMOS Full Bridge 1 Output B OUT2A 30 19 DMOS Full Bridge 2 Output A OUT2B 1 22 DMOS Full Bridge 2 Output B REF 18 12 Gm reference voltage input ¯R¯¯E¯¯S¯¯E¯¯T ¯ 13 7 Logic input ROSC 14 8 Timing set SENSE1 25 17 Sense resistor terminal for Bridge 1 SENSE2 32 20 Sense resistor terminal for Bridge 2 ¯S¯¯L¯¯E¯¯E¯¯P¯ 15 9 Logic input STEP 17 11 Logic input VBB1 22 16 Load supply VBB2 3 21 Load supply VCP 9 3 Reservoir capacitor terminal VDD 16 10 Logic supply VREG 10 4 Regulator decoupling terminal PAD – – Exposed pad for enhanced thermal dissipation* *The GND pins must be tied together externally by connecting to the PAD ground plane under the device. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 17 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 ET Package, 32-Contact QFN with Exposed Thermal Pad 0.30 5.00 ±0.15 32 32 1 2 0.50 1.00 1 2 A 5.00 ±0.15 3.40 5.00 1 33X D SEATING PLANE 0.08 C 0.25±0.10 0.90 ±0.10 0.50 BSC 3.40 C 5.00 C PCB Layout Reference View For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference JEDEC MO-220VHHD-6) Dimensions in millimeters Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown 0.50±0.10 3.40 B 2 1 32 3.40 A Terminal #1 mark area B Exposed thermal pad (reference only, terminal #1 identifier appearance at supplier discretion) C Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC7351 QFN50P500X500X100-33V6M); All pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances; when mounting on a multilayer PCB, thermal vias at the exposed thermal pad land can improve thermal dissipation (reference EIA/JEDEC Standard JESD51-5) D Coplanarity includes exposed thermal pad and terminals Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 18 DMOS Microstepping Driver with Translator and Overcurrent Protection A4982 LP Package, 24-Pin TSSOP with Exposed Thermal Pad 7.80 ±0.10 24 0.65 0.45 4° ±4 +0.05 0.15 –0.06 B 3.00 4.40 ±0.10 6.40 ±0.20 A 1 6.10 (1.00) 2 4.32 0.25 24X SEATING PLANE 0.10 C +0.05 0.25 –0.06 3.00 0.60 ±0.15 0.65 1.20 MAX 0.15 MAX C 1.65 SEATING PLANE GAUGE PLANE 4.32 C PCB Layout Reference View For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference JEDEC MO-153 ADT) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Terminal #1 mark area B Exposed thermal pad (bottom surface) C Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC7351 TSOP65P640X120-25M); all pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances; when mounting on a multilayer PCB, thermal vias at the exposed thermal pad land can improve thermal dissipation (reference EIA/JEDEC Standard JESD51-5) Copyright ©2008-2010, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. The products described here are manufactured under one or more U.S. patents or U.S. patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro’s products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 19