GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Description Features GM6603 series of positive adjustable and fixed regulators is designed to provide 3A output current with low dropout voltage performance. On-chip trimming adjusts the reference voltage with an accuracy of ±2%. Besides the features mentioned, GM6603 works well in post regulators or micro-processor power supplies where low voltage operation and fast transient response are required. GM6603 includes over current protection and thermal shutdown protection as well. GM6605 is available in TO-220 and surface-mount TO252 and TO-263 packages. Adjustable or Fixed Output Output Current of 3.0A Low Dropout, 1.15V max at 3A Output Current 0.04% Line Regulation 0.2 % Load Regulation Current Limit Protection 100% Thermal Limit Burn-In Fast Transient Response Applications Microprocessor Supply Printer Supplies Post Regulators for Switching Supplies Motherboards Telecommunication Systems Typical Application Circuit CIN 10µF 3 VIN GM6603-3.3 1 GND 2 VOUT VOUT = 3.3V VIN > 4.75V 3.0A COUT 10µF CIN 10µF 3 VIN GM6603-adj 1 ADJ 2 VOUT VOUT =3.45V 3.0A R1 133 1% R2 232 1% Fixed Output Voltage Version Notes: 1. C IN needed if device is far from filter capacitors 2. C OUT minimum value required for stability Adjustable Output Voltage Version COUT 10µF GM6603V1.00 VIN > 4.75V 1 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Marking Information and Pin Configurations (Top View) TO 252 (D-PAK) TO 220 GM6603 VVAYWW TO 263 (D2-PAK) GM6603 VVAYWW GM6603 VVAYWW 3. VIN GM6603V1.00 3. VIN 3. VIN 2 VOUT 1. GND/ADJ 2 2. VOUT 1. GND/ADJ 2. VOUT 1.GND/ADJ VV: Output Voltage Codes (05: 5.0V, …A: ADJ) A: Assembly/Test Site Code Y: Year WW: Week GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Ordering Number VOUT Package Shipping GM6603-ATA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM6603-ATA3R TO-263 800 Units / Reel TO-220 50 Units/Tube GM6603-ATC3T TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM6603-ATC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Reel GM6603-1.8TA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM6603-1.8TA3R TO-263 800 Units / Reel TO-220 50 Units/Tube GM6603-1.8TC3T TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM6603-1.8TC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Reel GM6603-2.5TA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM6603-2.5TA3R TO-263 800 Units / Reel TO-220 50 Units/Tube GM6603-2.5TC3T TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM6603-2.5TC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Reel GM6603-3.3TA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM6603-3.3TA3R TO-263 800 Units / Reel TO-220 50 Units/Tube GM6603-3.3TC3T TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM6603-3.3TC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Reel GM6603-5.0TA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM6603-5.0TA3R TO-263 800 Units / Reel TO-220 50 Units/Tube GM6603-5.0TC3T TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM6603-5.0TC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Reel GM6603-ATB3T GM6603-1.8TB3T GM6603-2.5TB3T GM6603-3.3TB3T GM6603-5.0TB3T Adj 1.8V 2.5V 3.3V 5.0V GM6603V1.00 Ordering Information 3 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Absolute Maximum Ratings PARAMETER SYMBOL RATINGS UNITS Input Voltage VI 15 V Power Dissipation PD Internally Limited W Operating Junction Temperature TJ - 40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Tstg - 60 to 150 °C 260 °C Lead Temperature 1.6mm (1/6 inch) from case for 10 seconds Block Diagram VIN VOUT ADJ For fixed output Options GM6603V1.00 GND 4 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Electrical Characteristics (TI = 25°C, Inless otherwise noted) Reference Voltage GM6603-A Symbol VREF GM6603-1.8 GM6603-2.5 Output Voltage VO GM6603-3.3 Line Regulation Load Regulation Test Condition Min Typ Max IOUT = 10mA, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V 1.238 1.250 1.262 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A, 1.5V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤10V 1.225 1.250 1.275 IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 3.3V 1.782 1.800 1.818 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A, 3.3V ≤VIN ≤10V 1.764 1.800 1.836 IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4V 2.475 2.500 2.525 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A, 4V ≤VIN ≤10V 2.460 2.500 2.540 IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4.8V 3.267 3.300 3.333 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A, 4.8V ≤VIN ≤7V 3.247 3.300 3.353 V IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 6.5V 4.950 5.000 5.050 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5A, 6.5V ≤VIN ≤10V 4.920 5.000 5.080 GM6603-A IOUT = 10mA GM6603-1.8 IOUT = 10mA, 3.3V ≤VIN ≤10V 0.04 0.20 % 0.2 0.40 % 1.15 1.3 V GM6603-2.5 ∆VOI IOUT = 10mA, 4V ≤VIN ≤10V GM6603-3.3 IOUT = 10mA, 4.8V ≤VIN ≤10V GM6603-5.0 IOUT = 10mA, 6.5V ≤VIN ≤10V GM6603-A VIN –VOUT =1.5V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A GM6603-1.8 VIN = 3.3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A GM6603-2.5 ∆VOL VIN = 4.0V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A GM6603-3.3 VIN = 4.8V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A GM6603-5.0 VIN = 6.5V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A VD IOUT = 3A Current Limit ICL VIN –VOUT =3V Minimum Load Current IO(MIN) GM6603-1.8 GM6603-2.5 GM6603-3.3 GM6603-A IQ VIN = 5.0V 4.5 A 3 7 mA 7 10 mA IOUT = 10mA, 2.75V ≤VIN ≤10V 40 90 µA IOUT = 10mA, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V 0.005 %/°C 80 dB VIN = 4.0V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A VIN = 4,8V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A VIN = 6.5V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A IADJ Temperature Coefficient Ripple Rejection 3 VIN = 3.3V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A GM6603-5.0 Adjust Pin Current V GM6603-5.0 Dropout Voltage Quiescent Current Unit RA IOUT = 3A, VIN – VOUT = 1.5V 60 GM6603V1.00 Parameter 5 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Application Information GM6603 series linear regulators provide fixed and adjustable output voltages at currents up to 3.0A. These regulators are protected against over-current conditions and include thermal shutdown protection. The GM6603 has a composite PNP-NPN output transistor and require an output capacitor for stability. A detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is as below: Stability Considerations The circuit design used in the GM6603 series requires the use of an output capacitor as part of the device frequency compensation. The addition of 150µF aluminum electrolytic or a 22µF solid tantalum on the output will ensure stability for all operating conditions. When the adjustment terminal is bypassed with a capacitor to improve the ripple rejection, the requirement for an output capacitor increases. The value of 22µF tantalum or 150µF aluminum covers all cases of bypassing the adjustment terminal. Without bypassing the adjustment terminal smaller capacitors can be used with equally good results. To ensure good transient response with heavy load current changes capacitor values on the order of 100µF are used in the output of many regulators. To further improve stability and transient response of these devices larger values of output capacitor can be used. Protection Diodes Unlike older regulators, the GM6603 family does not need any protection diodes between the adjustment pin and the output and from the output to the input to prevent over stressing the die. Internal resistors are limiting the internal current paths on the GM6603 adjustment pin, therefore even with capacitors on the adjustment pin no protection diode is needed to ensure device safety under short-circuit conditions. Microsecond surge currents of 50A to 100A can be handled by the internal diode between the input and output pins of the device. In normal operations it is difficult to get those values of surge currents even with the use of large output capacitances. If high value output capacitors are used, such as 1000µF to 5000µF at the input pin, is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. A diode from output to input is recommended, when a crowbar circuit at the input of the GM6603 is used. Normal power supply cycling or even plugging and unplugging in the system will not generate current large enough to do any damage. The adjustment pin can be driven on a transient basis ±25V, with respect to the output without any device degradation. As with any IC regulator, none the protection circuitry will be functional and the internal transistors will break down if the maximum input to output voltage differential is exceeded. 1N4002 VIN VOUT GM6603-Adj R1 ADJ GM6603V1.00 CADJ 10µF 6 COUT 150µF R2 Diodes between the input and output are not usually needed. Ripple Rejectiopn The ripple rejection values are measured with the adjustment pin bypassed. The impedance of the adjust pin capacitor at the ripple frequency should be less than the value of R1 (normally 100. to 120.) for a proper bypassing and ripple rejection approaching the values shown. The size of the required adjust pin capacitor is a function of the input ripple frequency. If R1=100. at 120Hz the adjust pin capacitor should be 25µF. At 10kHz only 0.22µF is needed. The ripple rejection will be a function of output voltage, in circuits without an adjust pin bypass capacitor. The output ripple will increase directly as a ratio of the output voltage to the reference voltage (VOUT / VREF). GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Output Voltage Sensing GM6603 series is a three-terminal regulator, so it cannot provide true remote load sensing. Load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. For best results, GM6603 should be connected as shown 1n F1gure 2. VIN VOUT Conductor Parasitic RC Resistance VOUT VIN GM6603-A GM6603-3.3 GND Conductor Parasitic RC Resistance ADJ RLOAD R1 RLOAD R2 (a) Fixed version (b) Adjustable version Figure 1. Conductor Parasitic Resistance Effects are Minimized by this Grounding Scheme. Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink Requirements GM6603 series include thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the devices. However, high power regulators normally operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to be sure to use an adequate heat sink. The case is connected to VOUT on GM6603, so electrical isolation may be required for some applicat1ons. Thermal compound should always be used with high current regulators like GM6603. The thermal characteristics of an IC depend on four factors: 1. 2. 3. 4. Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (°C) Power Dissipation PD (Watts) Maximum Junction Temperature TJ (°C) Thermal Resistance Junction to amb1ent θJA The relationship of these four factors is expressed by equation (1): TJ = TA + PD x θJA Maximum ambient temperature and power dissipation are determ1ned by the design while the maximum junction temperature and thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is expressed by equation (2): PD(MAX) = (VIN(MAX) – VOUT(MIN) ) x IOUT(MIN) + VIN(MIN) x IQ where: VIN(MAX) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT(MIN) is the minimum output voltage, IOUT(MAX) is the maximum output current IQ is the max1mum quiescent current at IOUT(MAX). θJA = θJC + θCS + θSA where: θJC is the thermal resistance of Junction to Case, θCS is the thermal resistance of Case to Heat Sink, θSA is the thermal resistance of Heat Sink to Ambient air. The value for θJA is calculated using equation (3) and the result can be substituted in equation (1). The value for θCS is 3.5°C/W for a given package typed based on an average d1ie size. For a high current regulator such as GM6603, the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor sect1on. GM6603V1.00 A heat sink effect1vely increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC into the air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the environment has a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistance are summed to determine θJA, the total thermal resistance between the junction and the air. This is expressed by equation (3): 7 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Typical Performance Characteristics 1.12 Reference Voltage Deviation (%) +0.3 Dropout Voltage (V) 1.15 TCASE = 0°C 1.10 1.05 TCASE = 25°C 1.00 0.95 0.90 TCASE = 125°C 0.85 0.80 0.75 0 +0.2 +0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.40 2.70 3.00 90 120 Figure 2. Bandgap Reference Voltage Deviation Vs. Temperature 0.65 Minimum Load Current (mA) Ripple Rejection (dB) 60 Figure 1. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1 10 102 104 103 Frequency (Hz) 105 Figure 3. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency GM6603V1.00 30 TJ (°C) 90 8 0 Output Current(A) 106 TCASE = 0°C 0.60 TCASE = 25°C 0.55 TCASE = 125°C 0.50 0.45 0.40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VIN - VOUT (V) Figure 4. Minimum Load Current vs. VIN - VOUT GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Package Outline Dimensions – TO263 0.390 - 0.415 (9.906 - 10.541) 0.105 - 0.180 (4.191 - 4.572) 0.060 (1.524) TYP 0.045 - 0.055 (1.143 - 1.397) 15 TYP 0.330 - 0.370 (8.382 - 9.398) 0.059 (1.499) TYP 0.143 + 0.012 0.143 - 0.002 (3.632 + 0305) (3.362 - 0.508) 0.050 +/- 0.012 (1.270 +/- 0.305) 0.020 - 0.039 (0.510 - 0.990) 0.090 - 0.110 (2.286 - 2.794) 0.013 - 0.023 (0.330 - 0.584) 0.050 (1.270) Package Outline Dimensions – TO220 4.50 ± 0.20 9.90 ± 0.20 8.70 3.60 ± 0.20 2.80 ± 0.10 8.0 7.0 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 1.30 ± 0.10 1.70 8.40 3° 0.9 7.0 3° 3° 3.00 1.27 ± 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 ± 0.20) 3° 0.80 ± 0.10 1.52 ± 0.10 3-R0.2 +0.1 0.50 -0.05 2.40 ± 0.20 3° 2 - R 0.3 Unit: mm 10.00 ± 0.20 GM6603V1.00 45° 10.08 ± 0.30 13.08 ± 0.20 1.46 1.00 18.95 MAX 9.20 ± 0.20 4.60 15.90 ± 0.20 3.70 ± 0.20 1.50 DP0.20 9 GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Package Outline Dimensions – TO252 0.205 – 0.215 (5.210 – 5.460) 0.039 – 0.050 (1.020 – 1.270) 0.055 – 0.080 (1.400 – 2.030) 0.018 – 0.023 (0.460 – 0.580) SEATING PLAN 0.370 – 0.410 (9.400 – 10.420) 0.210 – 0.228 (5.330 – 5.800) 0.090 (2.285) TYP GM6603V1.00 0.180 (4.570) TYP 10 0.045 – 0.060 (1.150 – 1.520) 0.030 – 0.045 (0.760 – 1.140) 0.020 (0.510) MIN 0.018 – 0.023 (0.460 – 0.580) GM6603 3.0A LOW DROPOUT PRECISION REGULATOR Ordering Number GM 6603 - 1.8 TA3 Circuit Type Output Voltages Package Type Shipping Type A: ADJ 1.8: 1.8V 2.5: 2.5V 3.3: 3.3V 5.0: 5.0V TA3: TO263 TB3: TO220 TC3: TO252 T: Tube R: Tape & Reel GM6603V1.00 APM Gamma Micro T 8 10 6 11