CS5204−1, CS5204−3,
CS5204−5
4.0 A Adjustable, and
3.3 V and 5.0 V Fixed
Linear Regulators
The CS5204−x series of linear regulators provides 4.0 A at
adjustable and fixed voltages with an accuracy of ±1.0% and ±2.0%
respectively. The adjustable version uses two external resistors to set
the output voltage within a 1.25 V to 13 V range.
The regulators are intended for use as post regulators and
microprocessor supplies. The fast loop response and low dropout
voltage make these regulators ideal for applications where low voltage
operation and good transient response are important.
The circuit is designed to operate with dropout voltages as low as
1.0 V depending on the output current level. The maximum quiescent
current is only 10 mA at full load.
The regulators are fully protected against overload conditions with
protection circuitry for Safe Operating Area (SOA), overcurrent and
thermal shutdown.
The regulators are available in TO−220−3 and surface mount
D2PAK−3 packages.
Adjustable
Output
TO−220−3
T SUFFIX
CASE 221A
1
2
Output Current to 4.0 A
Output Trimmed to ±1.0%
Dropout Voltage 1.10 V @ 4.0 A
Fast Transient Response
Fault Protection Circuitry
− Thermal Shutdown
− Overcurrent Protection
− Safe Area Protection
Tab = VOUT
Pin 1. Adj
2. VOUT
3. VIN
Fixed
Output
3
D2PAK−3
DP SUFFIX
CASE 418AB
12
Tab = VOUT
Pin 1. GND
2. VOUT
3. VIN
3
MARKING DIAGRAMS
TO−220−3
Features
•
•
•
•
•
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D2PAK−3
CS5204−X
AWLYWW
CS5204−X
AWLYWW
1
1
A
WL, L
YY, Y
WW, W
VOUT
VIN
= Assembly Location
= Wafer Lot
= Year
= Work Week
ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 7 of this data sheet.
Output
Current
Limit
Thermal
Shutdown
− +
Error
Amplifier
Adj
Bandgap
Figure 1. Block Diagram − CS5204−1
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2004
January, 2004 − Rev. 8
1
Publication Order Number:
CS5204−1/D
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
VOUT
VIN
Output
Current
Limit
Thermal
Shutdown
− + Error
Amplifier
Bandgap
GND
Figure 2. Block Diagram − CS5204−3, −5
MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Parameter
Supply Voltage, VCC
Operating Temperature Range
Junction Temperature
Storage Temperature Range
Lead Temperature Soldering:
Wave Solder (through hole styles only) Note 1
Reflow (SMD styles only) Note 2
Value
Unit
17
V
−40 to +70
°C
150
°C
−60 to +150
°C
260 Peak
230 Peak
°C
1. 10 second maximum.
2. 60 second maximum above 183°C.
*The maximum package power dissipation must be observed.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CIN = 10 F, COUT = 22 F Tantalum, VIN − VOUT = 3.0 V, VIN ≤ 15 V,
0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C, TJ ≤ +150°C, unless otherwise specified, Ifull load = 4.0 A.)
Test Conditions
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
1.241
(−1%)
1.254
1.266
(+1%)
V
Adjustable Output Voltage (CS5204−1)
Reference Voltage (Notes 3 and 4)
VIN − VOUT = 1.5 V; VAdj = 0 V,
10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
Line Regulation
1.5 V ≤ VIN − VOUT ≤ 6.0 V; IOUT = 10 mA
−
0.04
0.20
%
Load Regulation (Notes 3 and 4)
VIN − VOUT = 1.5 V; 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
−
0.05
0.4
%
Dropout Voltage (Note 5)
IOUT = 4.0 A
−
1.1
1.2
V
Current Limit
VIN − VOUT = 3.0 V; TJ ≥ 25°C
VIN − VOUT = 9.0 V
4.5
−
8.5
1.0
−
−
A
A
Minimum Load Current
VIN − VOUT = 7.0 V
−
1.2
6.0
mA
−
50
100
A
Adjust Pin Current
−
Adjust Pin Current Change
1.5 V ≤ VIN − VOUT ≤ 4.0 V;
10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
−
0.2
5.0
A
Thermal Regulation
30 ms pulse; TA = 25°C
−
0.003
−
%/W
3. Load regulation and output voltage are measured at a constant junction temperature by low duty cycle pulse testing. Changes in output
voltage due to thermal gradients or temperature changes must be taken into account separately.
4. Specifications apply for an external Kelvin sense connection at a point on the output pin 1/4” from the bottom of the package.
5. Dropout voltage is a measurement of the minimum input/output differentials at full load.
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2
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (CIN = 10 F, COUT = 22 F Tantalum, VIN − VOUT = 3.0 V, VIN ≤ 15 V,
0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C, TJ ≤ +150°C, unless otherwise specified, Ifull load = 4.0 A.)
Test Conditions
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
−
82
−
dB
−
0.5
−
%
−
0.003
−
%VOUT
Adjustable Output Voltage (CS5204−1) (continued)
f = 120 Hz; CAdj = 25 F; IOUT = 4.0 A
Ripple Rejection
Temperature Stability
−
10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz; TA = 25°C
RMS Output Noise
Thermal Shutdown
−
150
180
−
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
−
−
25
−
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CIN = 10 F, COUT = 22 F Tantalum, VIN − VOUT = 3.0 V, VIN ≤ 10 V,
0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C, TJ ≤ +150°C, unless otherwise specified, Ifull load = 4.0 A.)
Test Conditions
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
4.9 (−2%)
3.234 (−2%)
5.0
3.3
5.1 (+2%)
3.366 (+2%)
V
V
Fixed Output Voltage (CS5204−3, CS5204−5)
Reference Voltage (Notes 6 and 7)
CS5204−5
CS5204−3
VIN − VOUT = 1.5 V; 0 ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
VIN − VOUT = 1.5 V; 0 ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
Line Regulation
1.5 V ≤ VIN − VOUT ≤ 6.0 V; IOUT = 10 mA
−
0.04
0.20
%
Load Regulation (Notes 6 and 7)
VIN − VOUT = 1.5 V; 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 4.0 A
−
0.05
0.4
%
Dropout Voltage (Note 8)
IOUT = 4.0 A
−
1.1
1.2
V
Current Limit
VIN − VOUT = 3.0 V; TJ ≥ 25°C
VIN − VOUT = 9.0 V
4.5
−
8.5
1.0
−
−
A
A
Quiescent Current
VIN ≤ 9.0 V; IOUT = 10 mA
−
5.0
10
mA
Thermal Regulation
30 ms pulse; TA = 25°C
−
0.003
−
%/W
Ripple Rejection
f = 120 Hz; IOUT = 4.0 A
−
75
−
dB
−
0.5
−
%
−
0.003
−
%VOUT
Temperature Stability
−
RMS Output Noise (%VOUT)
10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz
Thermal Shutdown
−
150
180
−
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
−
−
25
−
°C
6. Load regulation and output voltage are measured at a constant junction temperature by low duty cycle pulse testing. Changes in output
voltage due to thermal gradients or temperature changes must be taken into account separately.
7. Specifications apply for an external Kelvin sense connection at a point on the output pin 1/4” from the bottom of the package.
8. Dropout voltage is a measurement of the minimum input/output differentials at full load.
PACKAGE PIN DESCRIPTION
Package Pin Number
CS5204−1
CS5204−3, −5
D2PAK−3
TO−220−3
D2PAK−3
TO−220−3
Pin Symbol
Function
1
1
N/A
N/A
Adj
Adjust pin (low side of the internal reference).
2
2
2
2
VOUT
3
3
3
3
VIN
N/A
N/A
1
1
GND
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3
Regulated output voltage (case).
Input voltage.
Ground connection.
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
0.10
1.15
0.08
Output Voltage Deviation (%)
1.20
Dropout Voltage (V)
1.10
1.05
TCASE = 0°C
1.00
0.95
0.90
TCASE = 125°C
TCASE = 25°C
0.85
0.80
0.75
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
−0.02
−0.04
−0.06
−0.08
−0.10
−0.12
0.70
0
1
2
3
4
0
Output Current (A)
TJ (°C)
Figure 3. Dropout Voltage vs. Output
Current
Figure 4. Reference Voltage vs.
Temperature
0.200
2.500
0.175
Minimum Load Current (mA)
Output Voltage Deviation (%)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
0.150
0.125
0.100
0.075
TCASE = 25°C
0.050
TCASE = 125°C
0.025
2.175
TCASE = 0°C
1.850
1.525
TCASE = 25°C
1.200
0.875
TCASE = 125°C
TCASE = 0°C
0.550
0
0
1
2
3
4
1
3
4
5
6
7
Output Current (A)
VIN − VOUT (V)
Figure 5. Load Regulation vs. Output
Current
Figure 6. Minimum Load Current
8
9
100
70
IO = 10 mA
90
65
80
Ripple Rejection (dB)
Adjust Pin Current (A)
2
60
55
50
70
60
50
40
30
20
45
TCASE = 25°C
IOUT = 4.0 A
(VIN − VOUT) = 3.0 V
VRIPPLE = 1.6 VPP
10
40
0
0
101
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
102
103
104
Temperature (°C)
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 7. Adjust Pin Current vs.
Temperature
Figure 8. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
(Fixed Versions)
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4
105
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
100
90
Ripple Rejection (dB)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
101
TCASE = 25°C
IOUT = 4.0 A
(VIN − VOUT) = 3.0 V
VRIPPLE = 1.6 VPP
CAdj = 25 F
102
103
104
105
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 9. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
(Adjustable Versions)
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
The CS5204−x family of linear regulators provides fixed
or adjustable voltages at currents up to 4.0 A. The regulators
are protected against short circuit, and include thermal
shutdown and safe area protection (SOA) circuitry. The
SOA protection circuitry decreases the maximum available
output current as the input−output differential voltage
increases.
The CS5204−x has a composite PNP−NPN output
transistor and requires an output capacitor for stability. A
detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is included in
the Stability Considerations section.
VIN
C1
VOUT
CS5204−1
VREF
Adj
R1
C2
IAdj
CAdj
Adjustable Operation
R2
Figure 10. Resistor Divider Scheme for the
Adjustable Version
The adjustable regulator (CS5204−1) has an output
voltage range of 1.25 V to 13 V. An external resistor divider
sets the output voltage as shown in Figure 10. The regulator
maintains a fixed 1.25 V (typical) reference between the
output pin and the adjust pin.
A resistor divider network R1 and R2 causes a fixed
current to flow to ground. This current creates a voltage
across R2 that adds to the 1.25 V across R1 and sets the
overall output voltage. The adjust pin current (typically
50 A) also flows through R2 and adds a small error that
should be taken into account if precise adjustment of VOUT
is necessary.
The output voltage is set according to the formula:
VOUT
VIN
Stability Considerations
The output or compensation capacitor helps determine
three main characteristics of a linear regulator: start−up
delay, load transient response and loop stability.
The capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability,
size and temperature constraints. A tantalum or aluminum
electrolytic capacitor is best, since a film or ceramic
capacitor with almost zero ESR, can cause instability. The
aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive
solution. However, when the circuit operates at low
temperatures, both the value and ESR of the capacitor will
vary considerably. The capacitor manufacturers data sheet
provides this information.
A 22 F tantalum capacitor will work for most
applications, but with high current regulators such as the
CS5204−x the transient response and stability improve with
higher values of capacitor. The majority of applications for
this regulator involve large changes in load current so the
output capacitor must supply the instantaneous load current.
VOUT VREF R1 R2 IAdj R2
R1
The term IAdj × R2 represents the error added by the adjust
pin current.
R1 is chosen so that the minimum load current is at least
10 mA. R1 and R2 should be the same type, e.g. metal film
for best tracking over temperature. The adjust pin is
bypassed to improve the transient response and ripple
rejection of the regulator.
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5
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
Output Voltage Sensing
The ESR of the output capacitor causes an immediate drop
in output voltage given by:
Since the CS5204−x is a three terminal regulator, it is not
possible to provide true remote load sensing. Load
regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors
connecting the regulator to the load. For best results the
fixed regulators should be connected as shown in Figure 13.
V I ESR
For microprocessor applications it is customary to use an
output capacitor network consisting of several tantalum and
ceramic capacitors in parallel. This reduces the overall ESR
and reduces the instantaneous output voltage drop under
load transient conditions. The output capacitor network
should be as close as possible to the load for the best results.
Conductor Parasitic
Resistance
VIN
VIN
VOUT
RC
CS5204−x
RLOAD
Protection Diodes
When large external capacitors are used with a linear
regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes.
If the input voltage of the regulator gets shorted, the output
capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The
discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the
output voltage and the rate at which VIN drops. In the
CS5204−x family of linear regulators, the discharge path is
through a large junction and protection diodes are not
usually needed. If the regulator is used with large values of
output capacitance and the input voltage is instantaneously
shorted to ground, damage can occur. In this case, a diode
connected as shown in Figures 11 and 12 is recommended.
GND
Figure 13. Conductor Parasitic Resistance can be
Minimized with the Above Grounding Scheme for
Fixed Output Regulators
For the adjustable regulator, the best load regulation
occurs when R1 is connected directly to the output pin of the
regulator as shown in Figure 14. If R1 is connected to the
load, RC is multiplied by the divider ratio and the effective
resistance between the regulator and the load becomes
IN4002 (optional)
VIN
VIN
C1
VOUT
CS5204−1
RC R1 R2
R1
VOUT
where RC = conductor parasitic resistance.
Adj
R1
CAdj
C2
VIN
R2
VIN
RC
VOUT
Conductor Parasitic
Resistance
CS5204−1
R1
Adj
RLOAD
Figure 11. Protection Diode Scheme for Adjustable
Output Regulator
R2
IN4002 (optional)
VIN
VOUT
VIN
VOUT
CS5204−x
C1
GND
Figure 14. Grounding Scheme for Adjustable Output
Regulator to Minimize Parasitics
C2
Figure 12. Protection Diode Scheme for Fixed Output
Regulators
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6
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
Calculating Power Dissipation and Heat Sink
Requirements
A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the
package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC and
into the surrounding air.
Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the
outside environment has a thermal resistance. Like series
electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to
determine RJA, the total thermal resistance between the
junction and the surrounding air.
1. Thermal Resistance of the junction to case, RJC
(°C/W)
2. Thermal Resistance of the case to Heat Sink, RCS
(°C/W)
3. Thermal Resistance of the Heat Sink to the ambient
air, RSA (°C/W)
These are connected by the equation:
The CS5204−x series of linear regulators includes thermal
shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the device.
High power regulators such as these usually operate at high
junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the
power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to
ensure that an adequate heat sink is used.
The case is connected to VOUT on the CS5204−x,
electrical isolation may be required for some applications.
Thermal compound should always be used with high current
regulators such as these.
The thermal characteristics of an IC depend on the
following four factors:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Maximum Ambient Temperature TA (°C)
Power dissipation PD (Watts)
Maximum junction temperature TJ (°C)
Thermal resistance junction to ambient RJA (°C/W)
RJA RJC RCS RSA
The value for RJA is calculated using equation (3) and the
result can be substituted in equation (1).
The value for RJC is 3.5°C/W for a given package type
based on an average die size. For a high current regulator
such as the CS5204−x the majority of the heat is generated
in the power transistor section. The value for RSA depends
on the heat sink type, while RCS depends on factors such as
package type, heat sink interface (is an insulator and thermal
grease used?), and the contact area between the heat sink and
the package. Once these calculations are complete, the
maximum permissible value of RJA can be calculated and
the proper heat sink selected. For further discussion on heat
sink selection, see application note “Thermal
Management,” document number AND8036/D, available
through the Literature Distribution Center or via our website
at http://onsemi.com.
These four are related by the equation
TJ TA PD RJA
(3)
(1)
The maximum ambient temperature and the power
dissipation are determined by the design while the
maximum junction temperature and the thermal resistance
depend on the manufacturer and the package type.
The maximum power dissipation for a regulator is:
PD(max) {VIN(max) VOUT(min)}IOUT(max) VIN(max)IQ
(2)
where:
VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage,
VOUT(min) is the minimum output voltage,
IOUT(max) is the maximum output current, for the
application
IQ is the maximum quiescent current at IOUT(max).
ORDERING INFORMATION
Type
Package
Shipping†
CS5204−1GT3
4.0 A, Adj. Output
TO−220−3, STRAIGHT
50 Units / Rail
CS5204−1GDP3
4.0 A, Adj. Output
D2PAK−3
50 Units / Rail
750 / Tape & Reel
Orderable Part Number
4.0 A, Adj. Output
D2PAK−3
CS5204−3GT3
4.0 A, 3.3 V Output
TO−220−3, STRAIGHT
50 Units / Rail
CS5204−3GDP3
4.0 A, 3.3 V Output
D2PAK−3
50 Units / Rail
CS5204−3GDPR3
4.0 A, 3.3 V Output
D2PAK−3
750 / Tape & Reel
CS5204−5GT3
4.0 A, 5.0 V Output
TO−220−3, STRAIGHT
50 Units / Rail
CS5204−1GDPR3
†For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging
Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
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7
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TO−220−3
T SUFFIX
CASE 221A−08
ISSUE AA
−T−
F
−B−
SEATING
PLANE
C
T
S
4
Q
A
1 2 3
U
H
−Y−
K
L
R
V
G
J
D 3 PL
0.25 (0.010)
M
B
M
Y
N
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8
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
R
S
T
U
V
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.560
0.625
0.380
0.420
0.140
0.190
0.025
0.035
0.139
0.155
0.100 BSC
−−−
0.280
0.012
0.045
0.500
0.580
0.045
0.060
0.200 BSC
0.100
0.135
0.080
0.115
0.020
0.055
0.235
0.255
0.000
0.050
0.045
−−−
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
14.23
15.87
9.66
10.66
3.56
4.82
0.64
0.89
3.53
3.93
2.54 BSC
−−−
7.11
0.31
1.14
12.70
14.73
1.15
1.52
5.08 BSC
2.54
3.42
2.04
2.92
0.51
1.39
5.97
6.47
0.00
1.27
1.15
−−−
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
D2PAK−3
DP SUFFIX
CASE 418AB−01
ISSUE O
For D2PAK Outline and
Dimensions − Contact Factory
PACKAGE THERMAL DATA
Parameter
TO−220−3
D2PAK−3
Unit
RJC
Typical
1.6
1.6
°C/W
RJA
Typical
50
10−50*
°C/W
* Depending on thermal properties of substrate. RJA = RJC + RCA
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9
CS5204−1, CS5204−3, CS5204−5
ON Semiconductor and
are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice
to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages.
“Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All
operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights
nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should
Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates,
and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death
associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
LITERATURE FULFILLMENT:
Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor
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Phone: 303−675−2175 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada
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Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/litorder
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Phone: 81−3−5773−3850
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For additional information, please contact your
local Sales Representative.
CS5204−1/D