G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. 150mA Low-Dropout Linear Regulators Features General Description Low, 55µA No-Load Supply Current Guaranteed 150mA Output Current Dropout Voltage is 70mV @ 50mA Load Over-Temperature Protection and Short-Circuit The G913 is a low supply current, low dropout linear regulator that comes in a space saving SOT23-5 package. The supply current at no-load is 55µA. In the shutdown mode, the maximum supply current is less than 1µA. Operating voltage range of the G913 is from 2.5V to 5.5V. The over-current protection limit is set at 250mA typical and 150mA minimum. An overtemperature protection circuit is built-in in the G913 to prevent thermal overload. These power saving features make the G913 ideal for use in the battery-powered applications such as notebook computers, cellular phones, and PDA’s. Protection Two Modes of Operation ---- Fixed Mode: 2.84V (G913A), 3.15V (G913B), 3.30V (G913C), 3.00V (G913D) Adjustable Mode: from 1.25V to 5.5V Max. Supply Current in Shutdown Mode < 1µA Low Output Noise at 220µVRMS Stability with lost cost ceramic capacitors The G913 has two modes of operation. When the SET pin is connected to ground, its output is a pre-set value: 2.84V for G913A, 3.15V for G913B, and 3.30V for G913C, and 3.00V for G913D. There is no external components needed to decide the output voltage. When an output other than the preset value is needed, two external resistors should be used as a voltage divider. The output voltage is then decided by the resistor ratio. The G913 comes in a space saving SOT23-5 package. Applications Notebook Computers Cellular Phones PDAs Digital still Camera and Video Recorders Hand-Held Devices Bar Code Scanners Ordering Information PART MARKING VOLTAGE G913A G913B G913C G913D 3A 3B 3C 3D 2.84 3.15 3.30 3.00 TEMP. RANGE PINPACKAGE -40°C~ +85°C -40°C~ +85°C -40°C~ +85°C -40°C~ +85°C SOT 23-5 SOT 23-5 SOT 23-5 SOT 23-5 Pin Configuration IN SHDN 1 5 ＋C SET BATTERY G913 IN GND GND SET G913 2 G963 IN COUT 1µF SHDN _ 1µF OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUT Fixed mode 4 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUT IN OUT R1 ＋ G913 SOT23-5 SET － BATTERY CIN 1µF SHDN GND R2 COUT 1µF Adjustable mode TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 1 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +25°C) SOT23-5……………………………………...…..520 mW Operating Temperature Range………...-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature……………………….……+150°C (1) θJA ….…..…………….…………….…..…..240°C/Watt Storage Temperature Range………….-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec)..…………+300°C Absolute Maximum Ratings VIN to GND……………………………………-0.3V to +7V Output Short-Circuit Duration………………….….Infinite SET to GND.……………………………..…..-0.3V to +7V SHDN to GND…………………..………….-0.3V to +7V SHDN to IN….…………………..…………..-7V to +0.3V OUT to GND…………………………-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V) Note (1): See Recommended Minimum Footprint (Figure 3) Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Electrical Characteristics (VIN =+3.6V, V SHDN =VIN, TA =TJ =+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL Input Voltage (Note 2) Output Voltage Accuracy Adjustable Output Voltage Range (Note 3) Maximum Output Current Current Limit (Note 4) VIN VOUT VOUT Ground Pin Current Variation from specified VOUT, IOUT=1mA MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.5 -2 VSET 150 ILIM IQ Dropout Voltage (Note 5) VDROP Line Regulation ∆VLNR Load Regulation ∆VLDR Output Voltage Noise (10Hz to 100kHz) CONDITIONS en SET = GND 250 55 120 145 2 70 230 300 0.1 0.28 0.08 0.4 ILOAD = 0mA ILOAD = 50mA IOUT = 1mA IOUT = 50mA IOUT =150mA SET=GND, VIN=V(STD)+0.1V,to 5.5V IOUT = 1mA SET tied to OUT, VIN=2.5V to 5.5V, IOUT = 1mA IOUT = 0mA to 150mA VIN=4.2V, IOUT=150mA 5.5 2 5.5 SET tied to OUT 0.02 SET = GND 0.8 1.0 COUT = 1µF 220 V % V mA mA µA mV %/V % µVRMS SHUTDOWN SHDN Input Bias Current I SHDN Regulator enabled Regulator shutdown V SHDN = VIN TA = +25°C 0.003 0.1 µA Shutdown Supply Current SET INPUT IQSHDN VOUT = 0V TA = +25°C 0.2 1 µA VIN = 2.5V to 5.5V, IOUT = 1mA VSET = 1.3V TA = +25°C TA = TMIN to TMAX TA = +25°C SHDN Input Threshold VIH VIL SET Reference Voltage (Note 3) VSET SET Input Leakage Current (Note 3) THERMAL PROTECTION Thermal Shutdown Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis ISET TSHDN ∆TSHDN VIN-0.7 0.4 V 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.25 5 30 nA 150 15 °C °C V Note 1: Limits is 100% production tested at TA= +25°C. Low duty pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible. Note 2: Guaranteed by line regulation test. Note 3: Adjustable mode only. Note 4: Not tested. For design purposes, the current limit should be considered 150mA minimum to 420mA maximum. Note 5: The dropout voltage is defined as (VIN-VOUT) when VOUT is 100mV below the value of VOUT for VIN = VOUT +2V, The performance of every G913 part, see “Typical Performance Characteristics”. TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 2 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Typical Performance Characteristics (VIN= +3.6V, CIN=1µF, COUT=1µF, G913B, TA=25 °C, unless otherwise noted.) Ground Current vs. Load Current 3.160 300 3.150 250 Ground Current (μA) Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage vs. Load Current 3.140 3.130 3.120 3.110 3.100 0 200 150 100 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Load Current (mA) Load Current (mA) Output Voltage vs. Load Current Supply Current vs. Input Voltage 130 3.50 120 110 No Load Supply Current (μA) Output Voltage (V) 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 100 ILOAD = 50mA 90 80 70 60 50 ILOAD = 0A 40 30 20 10 0 0.00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 Input Voltage (V) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Input Voltage (V) Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current Output Noise 10HZ to 100KHZ 300 Dropout Voltage (mV) 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Load Current (mA) TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 3 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Typical Performance Characteristics (VIN= +3.6V, CIN=1µF, COUT=1µF, G913B, TA=25 °C, unless otherwise noted.) Line Transient Load Transient Load Transient Load Transient Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current by G913 Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 300 400 TA=25°C 350 Top to Bottom G913C G913B G913D 200 Dropout Voltage (mV) Dropout Voltage (mV) 250 150 100 G913A G913C ILOAD=150mA 300 250 200 ILOAD=50mA 150 100 50 ILOAD=0mA 50 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 -40 -30 -20 -10 Load Current (mA) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 4 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Typical Performance Characteristics (VIN= +3.6V, CIN=1µF, COUT=1µF, G913B, TA=25 °C, unless otherwise noted.) Turn on Response Time Turn off Response Time Shutdown Pin Delay Shutdown Response Time Shutdown Pin Delay Shutdown Response Time TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 5 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Typical Performance Characteristics (VIN= +3.6V, CIN=1µF, COUT=1µF, G913B, TA=25 °C, unless otherwise noted.) Shutdown Supply Current SHDN Input Bias Current vs. Temperature 0.20 0.80 G913C SHDN Input Bias Current ( μA) Shutdown Supply Current ( μA) 1.00 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 -0.40 -0.60 G913C 0.10 0.00 -0.10 -0.80 -0.20 -1.00 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 -40 100 110 120 -30 -20 -10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 SET Reference Voltage vs. Temperature SET Input Leakage Current vs. Temperature 60 1.260 55 G913C 50 SET Reference Voltage (V) SET Input Leakage Current (nA) 0 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) Junction Temperature TJ (℃) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 G913C ILOAD=1mA 1.255 VIN=5.5V 1.250 1.245 VIN=3.6V 1.240 VIN=2.5V 1.235 0 -5 -10 1.230 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 -40 -30 -20 -10 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) Output Voltage vs. Temperature Ground Current vs. Temperature 3.340 100 Ground Current ( μ A) G913C ILOAD=1mA 3.330 Output Voltage (V) 0 VIN=5.5V 3.320 VIN=3.6V 3.310 3.300 VIN=3.4V G913C ILOAD=0A 80 60 40 20 3.290 0 3.280 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 -40 100 110 120 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Junction Temperature TJ (℃) TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 6 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Pin Description PIN NAME 1 SHDN 2 GND 3 IN 4 OUT 5 SET FUNCTION Active-Low Shutdown Input. A logic low reduces the supply current to less than 1µA. Connect to IN for normal operation. Ground. This pin also functions as a heatsink. Solder to large pads or the circuit board ground plane to maximize thermal dissipation. Regulator Input. Supply voltage can range from +2.5V to +5.5V. Bypass with 1µF to GND Regulator Output. Fixed or adjustable from 1.25V to +5.5V. Sources up to 150mA. Bypass with a 1µF, ＜0.2Ω typical ESR capacitor to GND. Feedback Input for Setting the Output Voltage. Connect to GND to set the output voltage to the preset 2.84V or 3.15V or 3.30V or 3.00V. Connect to an external resistor divider for adjustable-output operation. Detailed Description action, the error amplifier, output PMOS, and the voltage divider effectively form a unity-gain amplifier with the feedback voltage force to be the same as the 1.25V bandgap reference. The output voltage, VOUT, is then given by the following equation: VOUT = 1.25 (1 + R1/R2). (1) Alternatively, the relationship between R1 and R2 is given by: R1 = R2 (VOUT /1.25 + 1). (2) For the reasons of reducing power dissipation and loop stability, R2 is chosen to be 100KΩ. For G913A, R1 is 128KΩ, and the pre-set VOUT is 2.84V. For G913B, R1 is 152KΩ, and the pre-set VOUT is 3.15V. For G913C, R1 is 164KΩ, and the pre-set VOUT is 3.30V. For G913D, R1 is 140KΩ, and the pre-set VOUT is 3.00V. The block diagram of the G913 is shown in Figure 1. It consists of an error amplifier, 1.25V bandgap reference, PMOS output transistor, internal feedback voltage divider, mode comparator, shutdown logic, over current protection circuit, and over temperature protection circuit. The mode comparator compares the SET pin voltage with an internal 120mV reference. If the SET pin voltage is less than 120mV, the internal feedback voltage divider’s central tap is connected to the non-inverting input of the error amplifier. The error amplifier compares non-inverting input with the 1.25V bandgap reference. If the feedback voltage is higher than 1.25V, the error amplifier’s output becomes higher so that the PMOS output transistor has a smaller gate-to-source voltage (VGS). This reduces the current carrying capability of the PMOS output transistor, as a result the output voltage decreases until the feedback voltage is equal to 1.25V. Similarly, when the feedback voltage is less than 1.25V, the error amplifier causes the output PMOS to conductor more current to pull the feedback voltage up to 1.25V. Thus, through this feedback When external voltage divider is used, as shown in Figure 2, the SET pin voltage will be larger than 600mV. The non-inverting input of the amplifier will be connected to the external voltage divider. However, the operation of the feedback loop is the same, so that the conditions of Equations 1 and 2 are still true. The output voltage is still given by Equation 1. IN SHDN － ERROR AMP SHUTDOWN LOGIC ＋ OVER CURRENT PROTECT & DYNAMIC FEEDBACK P OUT SET － OVER TEMP. PROTECT 1.25V Vref ＋ R1 ＋ 120mV GND MODE COMPARATOR R2 － Figure 1. Functional Diagram TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 7 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. OUT IN Where (TJ–TA) is the temperature difference the G913 die and the ambient air,θJA, is the thermal resistance of the chosen package to the ambient air. For surface mount device, heat sinking is accomplished by using the heat spreading capabilities of the PC board and its copper traces. In the case of a SOT23-5 package, the thermal resistance is typically 240oC/Watt. (See Recommended Minimum Footprint) [Figure 3] Refer to Figure 4 is the G913 valid operating region (Safe Operating Area) & refer to Figure 5 is maximum power dissipation of SOT 23-5. OUTPUT VOLTAGE R1 ＋ G913 SET － BATTERY CIN 1µF SHDN GND R2 COUT 1µF RL The die attachment area of the G913’s lead frame is connected to pin 2, which is the GND pin. Therefore, the GND pin of G913 can carry away the heat of the G913 die very effectively. To improve the power dissipation, connect the GND pin to ground using a large ground plane near the GND pin. Figure 2. Adjustable Output Using External Feedback Resistors Over Current Protection The G913 use a current mirror to monitor the output current. A small portion of the PMOS output transistor’s current is mirrored onto a resistor such that the voltage across this resistor is proportional to the output current. This voltage is compared against the 1.25V reference. Once the output current exceeds the limit, the PMOS output transistor is turned off. Once the output transistor is turned off, the current monitoring voltage decreases to zero, and the output PMOS is turned on again. If the over current condition persist, the over current protection circuit will be triggered again. Thus, when the output is shorted to ground, the output current will be alternating between 0 and the over current limit. The typical over current limit of the G913 is set to 250mA. Note that the input bypass capacitor of 1µF must be used in this case to filter out the input voltage spike caused by the surge current due to the inductive effect of the package pin and the printed circuit board’s routing wire. Otherwise, the actual voltage at the IN pin may exceed the absolute maximum rating. Applications Information Capacitor Selection and Regulator Stability Normally, use a 1µF capacitor on the input and a 1µF capacitor on the output of the G913. Larger input capacitor values and lower ESR provide better supply-noise rejection and transient response. A higher- value input capacitor (10µF) may be necessary if large, fast transients are anticipated and the device is located several inches from the power source. Power-Supply Rejection and Operation from Sources Other than Batteries The G913 is designed to deliver low dropout voltages and low quiescent currents in battery powered systems. Power-supply rejection is 42dB at low frequencies. As the frequency increases above 20kHz, the output capacitor is the major contributor to the rejection of power-supply noise. When operating from sources other than batteries, improve supply-noise rejection and transient response by increasing the values of the input and output capacitors, and using passive filtering techniques. Over Temperature Protection To prevent abnormal temperature from occurring, the G913 has a built-in temperature monitoring circuit. When it detects the temperature is above 150oC, the output transistor is turned off. When the IC is cooled down to below 135oC, the output is turned on again. In this way, the G913 will be protected against abnormal junction temperature during operation. Load Transient Considerations The G913 load-transient response graphs show two components of the output response: a DC shift of the output voltage due to the different load currents, and the transient response. Typical overshoot for step changes in the load current from 0mA to 100mA is 12mV. Increasing the output capacitor's value and decreasing its ESR attenuates transient spikes. Shutdown Mode When the SHDN pin is connected a logic low voltage, the G913 enters shutdown mode. All the analog circuits are turned off completely, which reduces the current consumption to only the leakage current. The output is disconnected from the input. When the output has no load at all, the output voltage will be discharged to ground through the internal resistor voltage divider. Input-Output (Dropout) Voltage A regulator's minimum input-output voltage differential (or dropout voltage) determines the lowest usable supply voltage. In battery-powered systems, this will determine the useful end-of-life battery voltage. Because the G913 use a P-channel MOSFET pass transistor, their dropout voltage is a function of RDS(ON) multiplied by the load current. Operating Region and Power Dissipation Since the G913 is a linear regulator, its power dissipation is always given by P = IOUT (VIN – VOUT). The maximum power dissipation is given by: PD(MAX) = (TJ–TA)/θJA,=150oC-25oC/240oC/W= 520mW TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 8 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Layout Guide An input capacitance of ≅ 1µF is required between the G913 input pin and ground (the amount of the capacitance may be increased without limit), This capacitor must be located a distance of not more than 1cm from the input and return to a clean analog ground. The output capacitor also must be located a distance of not more than 1cm from output to a clean analog ground. Because it can filter out the output spike caused by the surge current due to the inductive effect of the package pin and the printed circuit board’s routing wire. Figure 6 is adjustable mode of G913 PCB layout. Figure 7 is a PCB layout of G913 fixed mode. Input capacitor can filter out the input voltage spike caused by the surge current due to the inductive effect of the package pin and the printed circuit board’s routing wire. Otherwise, the actual voltage at the IN pin may exceed the absolute maximum rating. Figure 3. Recommended Minimum Footprint Safe Operating Area of G913 [Power Dissipation Limit] Maximum Power Dissipation of SOT-23-5 200 0.7 150 Mounted on recommend mimimum footprint (RθJA=240°C/W) 0.5 Power Dissipation (W) Output Current (mA) Still Air 1oz Copper on SOT-23-5 Package 0.6 Maximum Recommended Output Current TA=25℃ 100 TA=55℃ TA=85℃ TA=25°C,Still Air 1oz Copper on SOT-23-5 Package Mounted on recommended mimimum footprint (RθJA=240°C/W) 50 0.4 0.3 0.2 Figure 4 Safe Operating Area 0 0.1 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 25 Input-Output Voltage Differential VIN-VOUT (V) 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Amibent Temperature TA (°C) Note : VIN(max) <=5.5V Figure 4 Safe Operating Area Figure 5 Power Dissipation vs. Temperature Figure 6. Adjustable Mode Figure 7. Fixed Mode *Distance between pin & capacitor must no more than 1cm *Distance between pin & capacitor must no more than 1cm TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 9 G913 Global Mixed-mode Technology Inc. Package Information C D L E H θ1 e1 e A A2 A1 b Note: 1. Package body sizes exclude mold flash protrusions or gate burrs 2. Tolerance ±0.1000 mm (4mil) unless otherwise specified 3. Coplanarity: 0.1000mm 4. Dimension L is measured in gage plane SYMBOLS DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS NOM MIN A A1 A2 b C D E e e1 H L θ1 1.00 0.00 0.70 0.35 0.10 2.70 1.40 --------2.60 0.37 1º 1.10 ----0.80 0.40 0.15 2.90 1.60 1.90(TYP) 0.95 2.80 -----5º MAX 1.30 0.10 0.90 0.50 0.25 3.10 1.80 --------3.00 ----9º Taping Specification Feed Direction SOT23-5 Package Orientation TEL: 886-3-5788833 http://www.gmt.com.tw Ver 0.9 Preliminary Jan 25, 2002 10