DATA SHEET SKY65051-377LF: 0.45-6.0 GHz Low Noise Transistor Applications x Wireless infrastructure: WLAN, WiMAX, broadband, cellular base stations x Test instrumentation x LNA for GPS receivers x Satellite receivers Figure 1. SKY65051-377LF Block Diagram x Externally matched for wideband operation x Noise Figure = 0.45 dB @ 2.4 GHz of device only x Noise Figure = 0.65 dB @ 2.4 GHz including matching network loss x Gain = 15.5 dB @ 2.4 GHz x OIP3 = +24 dBm @ 2.4 GHz x P1dB = +12 dBm @ 2.4 GHz x Adjustable supply current from 5 to 55 mA The SKY65051-377LF is a high performance, n-channel lownoise transistor. The device is fabricated from Skyworks advanced depletion mode pHEMT process and is provided in a 2 x 2 mm, 4-pin Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) package. The transistor’s low Noise Figure (NF), high gain, and excellent 3rd Order Intercept Point (IP3) allow the device to be used in various receiver and transmitter applications. A functional block diagram is shown in Figure 1. The pin configuration and package are shown in Figure 2. Signal pin assignments and functional pin descriptions are provided in Table 1. 1 2 4 3 SOURCE GATE DRAIN x Small, QFN (4-pin, 2 x 2 mm) Pb-free package (MSL1, 260 qC per JEDEC J-STD-020) Description SOURCE Features Figure 2. SKY65051-377LF Pinout – 4-Pin QFN (Bottom View) Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201069C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 15, 2009 1 DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR Table 1. SKY65051-377LF Signal Descriptions Pin # Name Description Pin # Name Description 1 DRAIN RF output. Requires external matching network for optimum performance. Supply voltage required through external RF choke. 3 GATE RF input. Requires external matching network for optimum performance. 2 SOURCE Source lead. Provides DC self-biasing point and AC ground. 4 SOURCE Source lead. Provides DC self-biasing point and AC ground. Table 2. Self-Biasing Resistors Resistor Value (Ω) Drain Current (mA) 130 5 47 10 27 15 20 20 15 25 10 30 Functional Description The SKY65051-377LF is a depletion mode pHEMT designed for low noise, high frequency applications. The SKY65051-377LF has a typical NF of 0.65 dB tested at the 2.4 GHz wireless LAN frequency band. A gain of 15.5 dB typical is achieved using the same circuit. If the frequency of operation is lowered to the 1 GHz range, NF performance of the device can approach 0.5 dB including input matching network losses. De-embedded scattering and noise parameters are provided in addition to typical circuit topologies for commonly used frequency bands. With an appropriate circuit, the SKY65051-377LF can be used for many applications from 450 MHz up to 6 GHz. The 2 x 2 mm QFN package makes the SKY65051-377LF an ideal low noise and low cost solution. Biasing To properly bias a depletion mode pHEMT, both the gate and drain of the device must be properly biased. At VGS = 0 V and VDS ≥ 2 V, the device is in a saturated state and draws the maximum amount of current, IDSS. The device typically achieves the best noise performance at VDS = 3 V and IDSS = 15 mA. To control IDS, VGS must be biased with a negative voltage supply. To eliminate the need for a negative DC supply, self-biasing should be used when a resistor is placed between one of the source leads and ground. A bypass capacitor should be placed in parallel to this resistor to provide an RF ground and to ensure performance remains unchanged at the operating frequency. desired negative VGS value. This simplifies the design by eliminating the need for a second DC supply. Table 2 provides the resistor values used to properly bias the SKY65051-377LF. RF Matching Networks The SKY65051-377LF Evaluation Board assembly diagram is shown in Figure 12 and a circuit schematic is provided in Figure 13. The schematic shows the recommended RF matching network used for the 2.4 GHz wireless LAN frequency band. The network was designed using de-embedded s- and n-parameters. The circuit was primarily tuned for gain, NF, and input and output return loss, while maintaining proper stability. Optimal noise performance is attained when the impedance presented to the input of the amplifier is equal to its minimum NF impedance point. Components C1, C2, C3, L1, and L2 shown in Figures 12 and 13 provide the necessary impedance match for NF and input return loss. Circuit board and input matching structure losses on the input of the amplifier directly add to the overall NF of the amplifier. It is critical to minimize RF trace lengths and to use high-Q components to achieve optimal NF performance. Components R2 and C14 provide self biasing for the device and RF grounding for one of the two source leads. Components C5 and L3 are placed on the opposing source lead and are used to tune the transistor’s source inductance. When current flows from drain to source and through the resistor, the source voltage becomes biased above DC ground. The gate pin of the device should be left unbiased at 0 V, which creates the Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 2 September 15, 2009 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201069C DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR Electrical and Mechanical Specifications The effect of source inductance varies with frequency. Too little source inductance increases gain and high frequency stability, but at the cost of decreased in-band stability. Too much source inductance decreases high frequency stability and gain, but increases in-band stability. It is very important to find the optimum tuning of source inductance that balances all of these variables. The absolute maximum ratings of the SKY65051-377LF are provided in Table 3. The recommended operating conditions are specified in Table 4 and electrical specifications are provided in Table 5. Performance characteristics for the SKY65051-377LF are illustrated in Figures 3 through 11. The output matching topology is typical for an RF transistor. Component L3 is the RF choke that prevents RF signals from reaching the DC supply. Component C4 is the DC blocking capacitor. Components C10 and C11 improve output return loss and 3rd Order Output Intercept Point (OIP3) performance. Table 3. SKY65051-377LF Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units +10 dBm +20 dBm Input power PIN Output power POUT Drain source voltage VDS Gate source voltage VGS –5.0 V Gate drain voltage VGD –5.0 V Drain current IDS 55 mA Gate current IGS 100 μA Power dissipation PDIS 240 mW Channel temperature TCHAN 150 qC Storage temperature TSTG –65 +125 qC Operating temperature TOP –40 +85 qC Note: 6.0 V Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may reduce device reliability. There is no damage to device with only one parameter set at the limit and all other parameters set at or below their nominal value. CAUTION: Although this device is designed to be as robust as possible, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage this device. This device must be protected at all times from ESD. Static charges may easily produce potentials of several kilovolts on the human body or equipment, which can discharge without detection. Industry-standard ESD precautions should be used at all times. Table 4. SKY65051-377LF Recommended Operating Conditions Minimum Typical Maximum Units Supply voltage Parameter VDD Symbol 2 3 5 V Supply current IDD 5 20 50 mA Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201069C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 15, 2009 3 DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR Table 5. SKY65051-377LF Electrical Specifications (Note 1) (TOP = +25 qC, Characteristic Impedance [ZO] = 50 Ω, VDD = 3 V, IDD = 20 mA, Parameters Include a 2.4 GHz Matching Network, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Saturated drain current IDSS VDS = 2 V, VGS = 0 V Pinchoff voltage VP VDS = 2 V, IDS = 2.5% of IDSS Transconductance gM VDS = 2 V, gM = ΔIDS/ΔVGS, measured at IDS = 20 % of IDSS Gate leakage current IGSS VGD = VGS = –3 V Noise Figure NF1 (Note 2) @ 2.4 GHz Typical |S21| Units 40 55 70 mA –0.95 –0.80 –0.65 V 40 80 120 mS 1 200 μA 0.40 0.85 NF2 (Note 3) Gain Max dB 0.65 @ 2.4 GHz 13.5 dB 15.5 17.5 dB Input return loss |S11| @ 2.4 GHz –25 dB Output return loss |S22| @ 2.4 GHz –8 dB Reverse isolation |S12| @ 2.4 GHz –23.5 dB 3 Order Output Intercept Point OIP3 POUT = –10 dBm/tone, ΔF = 1 MHz, @ 2.4 GHz +24.0 dBm 3rd Order Input Intercept Point IIP3 POUT = –10 dBm/tone, ΔF = 1 MHz, @ 2.4 GHz +8.5 dBm rd 1 dB Output Compression Point OP1dB @ 2.4 GHz +12.0 dBm 1 dB Input Compression Point IP1dB @ 2.4 GHz –2.5 dBm >1 K Stability Unconditionally stable, DC – 18 GHz Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table and is not guaranteed over the full operating or storage temperature ranges. Exceeding any of the conditions listed here may result in permanent damage to the device. Operation at elevated temperatures may reduce reliability of the device. Note 2: NF of device only. Input RF connector, board, and input matching network loss de-embedded from measurement. Note 3: NF of device and matching network. Input RF connector and board loss de-embedded from measurement. Typical Performance Characteristics (TOP = +25 qC, Characteristic Impedance [ZO] = 50 Ω, VDD = 3 V, IDD = 20 mA, Includes a 2.4 GHz Matching Network, Unless Otherwise Noted) 18 60 0V 17 50 Small Signal Gain (dB) –0.1 V 40 IDS (mA) –0.2 V 30 –0.3 V –0.4 V 20 –0.5 V 10 16 15 14 13 12 11 –0.6 V –0.7 V 0 0 1 2 3 VDS (V) Figure 3. Typical IV Curves 4 5 10 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 Figure 4. Small Signal Gain vs Frequency, PIN = –20 dBm Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 4 2800 Frequency (MHz) September 15, 2009 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201069C DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR 0 0 –5 –5 –10 Reverse Isolation (dB) Input Return Loss (dB) –10 –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –15 –20 –25 –30 –40 –35 –45 –50 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 –40 1800 2800 1900 2000 2100 Figure 5. Input Return Loss vs Frequency, PIN = –20 dBm 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 Figure 6. Reverse Isolation vs Frequency, PIN = –20 dBm 0 1.0 –1 0.9 –2 0.8 –3 0.7 Noise Figure (dB) Output Return Loss (dB) 2200 Frequency (MHz) Frequency (MHz) –4 –5 –6 –7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 –8 0.2 –9 0.1 –10 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 0 2300 2800 2350 2400 2450 2500 Frequency (MHz) Frequency (MHz) Figure 7. Output Return Loss vs Frequency, PIN = –20 dBm Figure 8. NF vs Frequency, Input RF Connector and Board Loss De-Embedded From Measurement 16.0 2.0 20 14.5 1.8 18 14.0 1.6 16 1.4 14 1.2 12 1.0 10 0.8 8 0.6 6 0.4 4 0.2 2 Minimum NF (dB) Gain (dB) 15.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 –20 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 +2 0 0 0 Input Power (dBm) Figure 9. Gain vs Input Power, F = 2.4 GHz Associated Gain (dB) 15.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Frequency (GHz) Figure 10. Minimum NF and Associated Gain vs Frequency, IDD = 15 mA Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201069C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 15, 2009 5 2.0 25.0 1.8 22.5 1.6 20.0 1.4 17.5 1.2 15.0 1.0 12.5 0.8 10.0 0.6 7.5 0.4 5.0 0.2 2.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Associated Gain (dB) Minimum Noise Figure (dB) DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR 0 Drain Current (mA) Figure 11. Minimum NF and Associated Gain vs Drain Current, F = 2.4 GHz Evaluation Board Description Package Dimensions The SKY65051-377LF Evaluation Board is used to test the performance of the SKY65051-377LF low noise transistor. An assembly drawing for the Evaluation Board is shown in Figure 12. The Evaluation Board schematic diagram is shown in Figure 13. Table 6 provides the Bill of Materials (BOM) list for Evaluation Board components. Package dimensions for the 4-pin QFN are shown in Figure 14, and tape and reel dimensions are provided in Figure 15. Package and Handling Information The board is populated for 2.4 GHz operation and contains a separate probe footprint for general device testing or source and load pull characterization. The board is provisioned with two RF connectors and a 3-pin DC launch. The RF connector and board loss up to component C1 is approximately 0.15 dB at 2.4 GHz. Since the device package is sensitive to moisture absorption, it is baked and vacuum packed before shipping. Instructions on the shipping container label regarding exposure to moisture after the container seal is broken must be followed. Otherwise, problems related to moisture absorption may occur when the part is subjected to high temperature during solder assembly. Board material is 10 mil thick VT47 FR4 with 1 oz. copper cladding. RF input and output traces are 50 Ω. THE SKY65051-377LF is rated to Moisture Sensitivity Level 1 (MSL1) at 260 qC. It can be used for lead or lead-free soldering. Caution: Do not ground the exposed pad. Evaluation Board Test Procedure Step 1: Connect RF test equipment to amplifier input/output SMA connectors. Care must be taken when attaching this product, whether it is done manually or in a production solder reflow environment. Production quantities of this product are shipped in a standard tape and reel format. For packaging details, refer to the Skyworks Application Note, Discrete Devices and IC Switch/Attenuators Tape and Reel Package Orientation, document number 200083. Step 2: Connect DC ground. Step 3: Connect VDD to a +3 V supply with a current limit of 60 mA. Verify that the board draws approximately 20 mA. Step 4: Apply RF signal or noise source and verify performance detailed in Table 5. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 6 September 15, 2009 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201069C DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR R2 C15 C14 C3 C2 L2 C13 L5 C9 C1 L1 C4 C11 L4 C10 C8 C7 L3 C5 C12 R1 C6 VDD OUT Caution: Do not ground the exposed pad. S1412 Figure 12. SKY65051-377LF Evaluation Board Assembly Diagram C9 C11 L5 RF Output C10 C12 L4 C1 L2 RF Input C8 C3 C2 L1 C7 C4 L3 R2 C14 C15 R1 C5 C6 VDD S1406 Figure 13. SKY65051-377LF Evaluation Board Schematic Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201069C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 15, 2009 7 DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR Table 6. SKY65051-377LF (QFN Package) Evaluation Board Bill of Materials Component Value Size Manufacturer Part Number C1 20 pF SMT 0402 Murata GJM Series C2 8.2 nH SMT 0402 Coilcraft CS Series C3 0.2 pF SMT 0402 Murata GJM Series C4, C6, C7, C12, C13, C15 DNP C5 1000 pF SMT 0402 Murata GRM Series C8 22 pF SMT 0402 C9 1.8 pF SMT 0402 Murata GRM Series C10 0.5 pF SMT 0402 Murata GRM Series C11 3.3 nH SMT 0402 TDK MLG Series C14 1000 pF SMT 0402 Murata GRM Series C15 20 Ω SMT 0402 Panasonic L1 1.5 pF SMT 0402 Murata GJM Series L2 3.3 nH SMT 0402 Coilcraft CS Series L3 1.6 nH SMT 0402 TDK MLG Series L4 3.3 nH SMT 0402 TDK MLG Series L5 0Ω SMT 0402 Panasonic R1 0Ω SMT 0402 Panasonic R2 DNP 4X 0.600 2X 0.300 See Detail A for Solderable Area 2X 0.600 0.650 1.250 1.300 0.600 Pin 1 See Detail B for Solderable Area Package Outline 0.55 0.55 0.40 0.30 Detail B Detail A (3X) Caution: Do not ground the exposed pad. S1416 Figure 14. SKY65051-377LF PCB Layout Footprint Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 8 September 15, 2009 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201069C DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR C 2.00 0.6+0.1/–0.15 (0.300) A 0.02+0.03/–0.02 B Exposed Pad Detail B 1.2+0.1/–0.15 2X 0.65 1.25 2.00 0.10 C 0.10 C Detail A 0.55+0.05/–0.04 4X 0.20 Min 4X 0.08 C 0.10 C 3 0.4 ± 0.1 0.4 ± 0.1 0.4 ± 0.05 0.3 ± 0.05 0.10 M C A B Detail A Scale: 100X 5 Detail B Scale: 100X 3 Places R 0.15 S1411 Figure 15. SKY65051-377LF 4-Pin QFN Package Dimensions ∅1.50+ 0.10/–0.00 0.30 ± 0.05 (T) Pin #1 4.00 ± 0.10 2.00 ± 0.05 4.00 (see Note 4) 1.75 ± 0.10 B A B ∅1.00 Min. 1.00 (Ko) 2.30 (Ao) 8.00 +0.30/–0.10 A 2.30 (Bo) 2X Pin 1 Indicator 3.50 ± 0.05 2X 1.30 (0.600) R0.30 Max B A Notes: 1. Carrier tape: black conductive polystyrene. 2. Cover tape material: transparent conductive HSA. 3. Cover tape size: 5.40 mm width. 4. Ten sprocket hole pitch cumulative tolerance = ±0.20 mm. 5. All measurements are in millimeters. S1601 Figure 16. SKY65051-377LF Tape and Reel Dimensions Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201069C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 15, 2009 9 DATA SHEET • SKY65051-377LF LOW NOISE TRANSISTOR Ordering Information Model Name SKY65051-377LF Low Noise Transistor Manufacturing Part Number SKY65051-377LF (Pb-free package) Evaluation Kit Part Number SKY65051-377LF (2400 MHz) Copyright © 2009 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Information in this document is provided in connection with Skyworks Solutions, Inc. (“Skyworks”) products or services. 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Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 10 September 15, 2009 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201069C